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– 2015

OPTIONAL STRATEGY: HISTORY – BY

GAZAL BHARADWAJ, RANK – 40, CSE
– 2015
 May 20, 2016  Posted by: INSIGHTS

 Category: HISTORY (https://www.insightsonindia.com/category/history/) TOPPERS

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89 Comments (https://www.insightsonindia.com/2016/05/20/optional-strategy-history-gazal-bharadwaj-rank-40-cse-
2015/#disqus_thread)

History Optional Strategy

Gazal Bharadwaj

Rank – 40, CSE – 2015

In this post, I would like to outline my strategy for preparing history as my optional subject.
Last year, my score was 245, and though break up di ered it still remained the same this year,
although I was expecting some rise:

2014: HISTORY1(125), HISTORY2(120)- TOTAL 245

2015: HISTORY1(114), HISTORY2(131)- TOTAL 245

Strategy: Most aspirants opt for history as an optional because its easy to start with and is one
subject least dependent on coaching. Also, it has bene ts in the general studies papers and in
essay. However, approaching history as an optional requires a very technical and objective
approach. All new ncerts and IGNOU BA and MA material is highly relevant.

My personal opinion is take history as an optional only if you are deeply interested in it and
have zeal to go deeper. You’ll have to focus on understanding various perspectives on
historiography, themes and archaeological and literary sources, rather than focussing on
chronological details. You will be often told that it is not ‘scoring’, or it has ‘large syllabus’. So,
take it based on interest.

BOOKS/SOURCES:

PAPER-1

ANCIENT INDIA

1. UPINDER SINGH- A history of ancient and early medieval India: http://www.amazon.in/History-Ancient-

Early-Medieval-India/dp/8131716775 (http://www.amazon.in/History-Ancient-Early-Medieval-India/dp/8131716775) : The

most important book, according to the current trend of questions being asked on socio-
economic aspects of history
2. IGNOU B.A notes- very crisply written
3. IGNOU M.A NOTES – helpful in understanding various political, economic and socio- cultural
aspects
4. Romila thapar- Early India( only a very selective reading)
5. NCERT Class 6, NCERT Class 11

MEDIEVAL INDIA

1. I solely relied on IGNOU MA and BA NOTES

2. Satish Chandra is another important source to compliment IGNOU.
3. NCERT CLASS 7, CLASS 11

PAPER-2

MODERN INDIA

1. SHEKHAR BANDOPADHYAY- From Plassey to partition( My favourite book):

http://www.amazon.in/Plassey-Partition-History-Modern-India/dp/8125025960 (http://www.amazon.in/Plassey-Partition-
History-Modern-India/dp/8125025960)

2. SUMIT SARKAR- Modern India: http://www.amazon.in/Modern-India-1885-1947-Sumit-Sarkar/dp/0333904257

(http://www.amazon.in/Modern-India-1885-1947-Sumit-Sarkar/dp/0333904257)

3. BIPIN CHANDRA- FREEDOM STRUGGLE AND POST INDEPENDENCE

4. IGNOU B.A and M.A
5. NCERT CLASS 8, CLASS 12

MODERN WORLD

1. IGNOU BA and MA
2. RANJAN CHAKRABARTY- A history of modern world : http://www.amazon.in/History-Modern-World-
Outline/dp/9380607504 (http://www.amazon.in/History-Modern-World-Outline/dp/9380607504)

3. NORMAN LOWE- http://www.amazon.in/gp/product/1137483644/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_dp_ss_1?

pf_rd_p=733112647&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-

stripe&pf_rd_t=201&pf_rd_i=0333932188&pf_rd_m=A1VBAL9TL5WCBF&pf_rd_r=1QXYDTYB9DG8C3REVANT
(http://www.amazon.in/gp/product/1137483644/ref=pd_lpo_sbs_dp_ss_1?pf_rd_p=733112647&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-

stripe&pf_rd_t=201&pf_rd_i=0333932188&pf_rd_m=A1VBAL9TL5WCBF&pf_rd_r=1QXYDTYB9DG8C3REVANT)

4. DAVID THOMSON (Selective reading)- http://www.amazon.in/Europe-Since-Napoleon-David-

Thomson/dp/0140135618 (http://www.amazon.in/Europe-Since-Napoleon-David-Thomson/dp/0140135618)

5. NCERT CLASS 9 and 10.

APPROACH PAPER 2

This is the most important part that how we integrate these various sources with our syllabus,
based on studying the past question papers.  I would like to cite an example.
PART A- Modern world: In paper 2, French revolution and Russian revolution, both are
important parts of the syllabus. If one integrates IGNOU, David thomson and Ranjan
Chakraborty and prepare a list of questions in one’s mind like:

1. Why was the french revolution revolutionary in the understanding of itself?

2. What is the concept of revolution?

3. Exploring the causes of the french revolution

1. What led to the overthrow of the ancient regime?

2. What were the diverse social interests that kept supporting or opposing the revolution?
3. What were the immediate causes?- focussing the economic reasons
4. How the popular intervention of the people of france at crucial moments not only saved the
revolution but also in uenced its course? (On the question once asked in mains, as to was it
a bourgeoise revolution?)

4. GEORGE LEFEBVE’S classi cation of revolution in four stages- aristocratic

revolution, bourgeois revolution,, popular revolution and peasant revolution-

Eg questions like“The multiple contradictions that quickly undermined the new edi ce, had been
expressed even before the meeting of the Estates General in France. The internal con ict among
Estates had manifested itself.” upsc 2015

5. What were the principles of legitimacy laid down by the democratic action of the third
estate?

6. How crowd’s direct action in 1792 pushed the revolution towards a democratic
republic?

7. Role of revolutionary ideology and politics in the formation of a rudimentary form of

political parties?

8. Role of philosophers and enlightenment in triggering the revolution? Eg. Questions like
“The connection between the philosophers’ ideas and the outbreak of the French Revolution (1789) is
somewhat remote and indirect.” UPSC 2012

9. Role of women?
10. Critical analysis of the constitution of 1791, declaration of rights of man and citizen
etc? Eg questions like “The Declaration of Rights was the death-warrant of the system of privilege,
and so of the ancient regime … Yet in the history of ideas it belonged rather to the past than to the
future.” Examine. UPSC 2014

11. Role of Napoleon and his reforms, how he reversed the principles of the revolution

12. The legacy of the revolution?

1. On modern politics
2. Of ideological parties- the concept of left and right
3. On totally mobilised citizen bodies
4. On concept of total war
5. On rise of nationalism- the idea of nation changed (Nation is not just a territory that people
belonging to it inhabit or where a centralised power exercises sovereign control, but the
people themselves)
6. On origin of socialism

Eg. Questions like  “The impact of the French Revolution (1789) was initially con ned the Europe, but,
that of the Russian Revolution (1917) was global.” – Critically review. UPSC 2012

I am attaching a pdf, to cite how I jotted down these points roughly, integrating various
sources.

Download pdf (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2ajF3Z1h4RlNyTlU/view?

usp=sharing)

Similarly, I’ll try to upload my strategy towards exploring and interlinking various themes like
imperialism, colonialism, world wars and total war, socialism, enlightenment etc slowly on My
blog.

PART B- Modern india: Similar strategy of integrating above mentioned books and
consolidating themes must be adopted. Eg

1. linking imperialism and colonialism (world history) with drain theory (Indian national
movement)

Download link for example

(https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2S0hNb1R2OGFncWs/view?usp=sharing)
 APPROACH PAPER 1

1. If you analyse past four year papers, you will realise the shift away from political
history towards social and economic history.(This is equally true for GS). Plus there is a
trend of asking questions based on sources.

Following is an example of how I approached a source based question:

Download link (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2cFFhS29XajJTaWM/view?

usp=sharing)

2. Interlinkages, continuities and change being explored. EG.

Q1. Review critically the evolution of di erent schools of art in the Indian subcontinent
between the second century BCE and the third century CE, and evaluate the socio-religious
factors responsible for it. (UPSC 2014).

Following is an example of how I approached continuity and interlinkages kind of questions:

download link (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2VGRSYlI2V3JydXM/view?

usp=sharing)

3. Historiography being asked almost directly. This includes debates among various
schools of historians EG.

Q1.To what extent is “segmentary State’ model relevant for de ning the Vijayanagar State?
Critically examine.(UPSC 2014)

Q2. Evaluating various theories regarding the Chola State, throw light on its village assemblies.
(UPSC 2014)

Q3.  What kind of changes were visualised by historians on Indian feudalism? Examine critically.
(UPSC 2012)

Q4.  Discuss di erent interpretations of historians about the nature of Asoka’s ‘Dhamma’. Did
his principle of `Dhamma-vijaya’ render the Mauryan Empire militaristically weak?(UPSC 2014)

Q5.  discuss and evaluate critically various times in the historiography of Bhakti (UPSC 2013)
I am attaching an example as to how I approached historiography kind of questions:

Download link (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2MWRvSWcyeW5HWDQ/view?

usp=sharing)

4. Every year one question purely on culture and religion . Eg

Q1. “The Upanishadic principles embody the epitome of the Vedic thought.” Discuss. (UPSC
2014)

Q2. Give a brief account of the early medieval temple architecture of Katnmir. (UPSC 2015)

Q3. Why is Mamallapuram famous? (UPSC 2015)

Here is a link as to how I prepared architecture kind of questions:

Download link (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2a1dPYnNDYTQ4SzA/view?

usp=sharing)

5. Every year something on gender. Eg

Q1.Social norms for women in the Dharmasastra and Arthasashtra tradition where framed in
accordance with the Varnashrama tradition. Evaluate critically. (UPSC 2013)

Q2.“Tantrism, if not in practice, at least on conceptual level challenged patriarchy;’ Examine

Tantrism specially keeping in mind the above context.(UPSC 2015)- juxtaposing religion and
gender

Q3. analyze the steps taken Razia Sultan by to strengthen our position as an independent ruler
despite various obstacles. (UPSC 2013)

Q4. Bhakti and Mysticism of Lal Ded emerged as a social force in Kashmir. Comment. (UPSC
2013)

Here’s a link on how I approached women related questions in ancient and medieval India:

Download link (https://drive.google.com/ le/d/0B9Zk4bMabIY2Y2ljcWVQV1JFUFE/view?

usp=sharing)
All the very best.

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Name

Rajeev Bhatia • 3 years ago

Congratulations Mam. I am just starting with the History optional. Mam, Do I need to join coaching
. I saw Your name in the ads of Baliyan Coaching. If you could please tell that does that coaching h
anything I will miss out if I do not join coaching. Thank you Mam. @soliloquies
71 △ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Rajeev Bhatia • 3 years ago

Thank you Rajeev. I took coaching there jus after i finished engineering in 2011. But, it was
fact that i came to know which books to study from etc. i found itvery very basic, although v
from person to person. I am glad that these days sites like insights, ias baba n mrunal etc a
guidance on which books and previous questions. so I think coaching is not some mandato
for a subject like history. Make sure you start prep with new ncerts 6-12 and ignou ba mater
refer to other books. At best you can buy hemant jha sir and baliyan sir's notes to get an ide
missing on something. best wishes
3△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

AAROHN > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Hello maam congrtlns in nailling the xam and getting ua most coveted service..
Maam can plz let me knw wch history optional test series wud be better
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Meet • 7 months ago

Congratulations mam..your strategy is helpful bu I have a query regarding modern world...You hav
std old ncert by arjundev..do we have to read that or not?
21 △ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

dharmendra • 3 years ago

thanks a lot and will be waiting for your strategy on other topics as well...
mam it will be very good if u can make videos as u had already taught history .plzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
3△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > dharmendra • 3 years ago

Will share soon.And I was not teaching history, took some classes of economics and geogr
best wishes.
 1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

dharmendra > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

Ok.
I m sorry newspaper walo ne galat print kia :P
Thanks
And mam i have mailed u and also msg u on fb plz clarify my few doubts ...thank yo
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

RAVI R KUMAR • 2 years ago

Any one from Hindi medium and history optional please add me
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Jsrujan Yadav • 2 years ago

all these books are not workout just follow ncert[old] 11 and 12 class enough strategy was 3questio
modern history and remain from medeival and world map pointing plz collect for various sources m
jsrujanyadav@gmail.com
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Mukul Sharma • 2 years ago

How many sites did you got right in the map question ?
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Uzma • 2 years ago

Hello ghazal ,
Can you please guide that how could we club ignou material with our history optional preparation.
possible to finish all the material as it is vast.
Regards,
Uzma
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

AAMIR • 2 years ago

congrats mam ,a few question from me what was ur writing style for history do u write short crisp p
ur notes with many subheadings or any other ways, mam ur suggestion will be valuble for us
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Abdul Gani Khan • 2 years ago

I want to make what's app group for preparing history optional. ..daily writing practice and map pra
interested. ?
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

What's in a name • 2 years ago

Is anyone aware of the highest range of marks History optional awards and what the trend has bee
years?
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›
 Soliloquies > What's in a name • 2 years ago
Average remains around 250. Sometimes u may touch >260. I heard 280 being highest last
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Abhijeet Vasant Nemade > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Miss. Ritu Choudhary scored 285/500. She gave interview in 2015 but not selected
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Abhijeet Vasant Nemade > Abhijeet Vasant Nemade • 2 years ago

She is also giving interview in UPSC CSE 2016
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Subhash Jayabhaye > What's in a name • a year ago

Sonal Sonkavde made a fortune with 396 markes. Shrikesh B. Lathkar who scored 365 in h
mains in his second attempt to get the 57th rank
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Subhash Jayabhaye > Subhash Jayabhaye • a year ago

more detail u can refer
http://indianexaminations.b...
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

This comment was deleted.

Avatar

Soliloquies > Guest • 2 years ago

Ancient hist has been covered in two ncerts: class 6 and 11.
Best wishes
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Vignesh Subramaniyam > Soliloquies • a year ago

Maam I wanna see your answer writing sheets, could you pls send me maam -
vigneshsubramaniyam018@gmail.com
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

amit singh > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Ma'am u suggested quite a many books for world history, from where should I start a
should I rely the most??
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

prudhvi • 2 years ago

mam for medieval india which is the good source either Satish Chandra or igonu ..please reply....
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›
 Soliloquies > prudhvi • 2 years ago
I found ignou better and more thought provoking.
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Sumit Sharma • 2 years ago

Hello mam,
I am preparing for Mains 2016 and this is my first Mains.
I am going to read Upinder Singh for the first time. How should I go about it? How can i read it sele
to read all sections in the book?
It is very lengthy. Please guide. Also if you can suggest such strategy of reading other books which
time.
Thanks.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Sumit Sharma • 2 years ago

Better go themewise and do selective reading. club it with ignou.
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

adwaita • 2 years ago

hello mam,
you said in one reply that you will provide some of your compiled notes.
kindly upload if you have some time fr doing that, it will b really useful for us.
thank you for your detailed articles on essay and history optional mam..
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

prudhvi • 3 years ago

Contracts for your achievement ........ I am having some doubts regarding notes making
1. Is it good if we make notes from the first reading itself....or we need to do 2 readings and then m
2. How do you revise before exam
3. Is ma material good or ba material from igonu
4. Mam for world history I am fallowing jain&mathur ...is this a good one.....
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > prudhvi • 3 years ago

Thank you Prudhvi.
1. i would underline in the book during first n second readings. Then wud make ques answe
selected themes during a third reading.
2. first revision from book (underlined parts), next from notes.
3. ba is a must read, but lacks certain interliking aspects. so u can v selectively read ma. m
u can stick more to ba.
4. check out norman lowe and 9-10 ncerts for sure. rest u can follow any book
best wishes
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Firoz > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Mam 9 10 old or new NCERTs?? Overall is it better to follow old ones or the new on
 Mam 9-10 old or new NCERTs?? Overall is it better to follow old ones or the new on
preference??
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Firoz • 2 years ago

I preferred the new ncerts. they are more updated and are in line with the rec
questions being asked in the papers. Although there is this one old ncert- the
civilisation which i found relevant
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Renu > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Hello ma'am, congratulations. It is truely inspiring to see someone with histor
top 50. Ma'am i would like to seek some guidance with history answer writing
my subject in B.A and M.A but during our undergrad and postgrad we learnt
answers atleast 500 words but here the answer needs to be synthesized into
could you please underline the structure for such answers. Also ma'am it is a
could you please forward your email address, i have other concerns with hist
it would really help me.
12 △ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Ayush > Soliloquies • 2 years ago

Congratulations :) Please do let me know if for the question and answer meth
notes, where did you get your questions from? Did you work on previous yea
did you preempt them? And if previous years then how far back did you go?
all subjects?
Regards
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

EMPEROR • 3 years ago

Hi,
Congrats for cracking the exam.
I have few doubts regarding history optional.
1. how did you approach map work?
2. do we have scope for drawing map in answers. I mean do time allow such thing and if so then w
accuracy of map?
3. to what extent we can use the views of the author? Also is it very necessary to identify who said
given in the question?
please guide me on this...
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > EMPEROR • 3 years ago

1. I would suggest it is better to prepare maps, alongside a theme u r preparing. eg. if u are
upinder singh, make a list of all the sites and plot them. similarly post mauryan period, u ca
india, deccan and s. india. And plot imp. sites while covering urbanism, state formation and
2. IN PAPER ONE, U CAN FIND TIME. THOUGH P2 me bilkul time nahi milta. mainly u can
to explain a perspective
 3. if u know who said the statement, well n good. else its not compulsory.

best wishes
2△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

EMPEROR > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

1. Actually, I also wanted to know how much accuracy is needed in the map i.e one
the answer. can a rough map work or the borders should be well specified.?
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > EMPEROR • 3 years ago

you can check out the links i attached. such rough maps suffice i think.
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

EMPEROR > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

Thank you very much, this was of great help.
1. Also had to ask about answer writing. Suppose I prepare a topic say vedic literatu
angle then while answer writing practice should I write like an summary or should I p
A.
2. For GS when did you started answer writing? currently i am doing 1 or 2 question
minimum one question from optional, is it right to go with this pace or should I increa
time crunch is also a problem.
Hats off for your never die spirit and your poetic vision towards life.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > EMPEROR • 3 years ago

1. i find question answer form better as it is easier to revise n is exam specifi
2. right now the pace is fine. u can increase it after pre.
Thank you n best wishes.
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

EMPEROR > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

Thank you very much for the guidance. God bless you
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago

hi..congrats for cracking the paper !!
i specifically wanted to ask about Upinder Singh book on Ancient India, is it worth/necessary readin
optional.
please advice me on this.

Regards
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago

Thank you.
Yes, its a very important book. must not be missed.
questions like the following hav been directly picked up from it:
1.Social norms for women in the Dharmasastra and Arthasashtra tradition where framed in
the Varnashrama tradition. Evaluate critically
2. explain as to how the early Buddhist stupa art, while using motifs and narratives and com
symbols, succeeded in transforming these themes for expounding Buddhist ideas
3. The verna concept may always have been largely a theoretical model and never an actua
society. Comment in context of ancient India
4. Do you think the Harappan civilization had a diversity of subsistence base?
1△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Reach For The Sky !! > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

ok thanks for making it clear..:)
i have another question this time regarding world history for optional,i know Norman
but it doesn't cover the whole syllabus for optional...i know u have mention some bo
found this , http://www.flipkart.com/his... covers the missing portion.
What do you think??

Regards
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago

well it shows me page not found.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Reach For The Sky !! > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

http://www.flipkart.com/his...
Check now!!
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Soliloquies > Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago

I hav not read this one. so cannot comment.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Reach For The Sky !! > Soliloquies • 3 years ago

ok..thanks for your input !!
i just noticed ki you didn't mention about post independence..it is part of histo
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

Reach For The Sky !! > Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago
hey can you give a idea about qualifying papers and when these paper happ
asking things apart from optional,but still can you shed some light.

Regards
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›
 Soliloquies > Reach For The Sky !! • 3 years ago
yeah. i forgot. Bipin chandra zindabaad! its one book from where you'll find lo
picked up n quoted. and helpful for gs1 too.
△ ▽ • Reply • Share ›

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