A

Seminar Report
On
“RFID TECHNOLOGY”
Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted To: Submitted by:

Dr. Raghavendra Patidar Kartik Mittal

Associative Professor VIII Sem

ECE Department (15EGJEC020)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

GLOBAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

JAIPUR (RAJASTHAN)-302022
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am extremely thankful to Dr. Raghavendra Patidar Head of Department, Department

of Electronics & Communication, Global Institute of Technology for permitting me to
undertake this work.

I express my heartfelt gratitude to my respected Seminar guide for his kind and
inspiring advise which helped me to understand the subject and its semantic significance.
He enriched me with valuable suggestions regarding my topic and presentation issues. I
am also very thankful to my colleagues who helped and co-operated with me in
conducting the seminar by their active participation.

KARTIK MITTAL

15EGJEC020

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 ABSTRACT
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that uses communication via
electromagnetic waves to exchange data between a terminal and an electronic tag attached to
an object, for the purpose of identification and tracking. Some tags can be read from several
meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader.

Radio-frequency identification involves interrogators (also known as readers), and tags (also
known as labels).

Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and
processing information, modulating and demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and
other specialized functions. The other is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal.

There are three types of RFID tags: passive RFID tags, which have no power source and
require an external electromagnetic field to initiate a signal transmission, active RFID tags,
which contain a battery and can transmit signals once an external source ('Interrogator') has
been successfully identified, and battery assisted passive (BAP) RFID tags, which require an
external source to wake up but have significant higher forward link capability providing
greater range.

There are a variety of groups defining standards and regulating the use of RFID, including:
International Organization for Standardization (ISO), International Electrotechnical
Commission(IEC), ASTM International, DASH7 Alliance, EPC global. (Refer to Regulation
and standardization below.)

RFID has many applications; for example, it is used in enterprise supply chain management
to improve the efficiency of inventory tracking and management.

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 CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i

ABSTRACT ii

LIST OF CONTENT iii

LIST OF FIGURES v

LIST OF TABLES vi

CHAPTER -1
EXISTING RFID INFRASTRUCTURE 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Criteria for Evaluation 2
1.3 Oracle 3

CHAPTER-2
ADVANTAGES OF RFID OVER BARCODE 5

CHAPTER-3
EXISTING RFID SCENARIOS 9
3.1 Introduction 9
3.2 Live Tracking 10
3.3 Problems in using RFID and possible solutions 10
CHAPTER-4
RFID Use in Supply Chain Management 12
4.1 Supply Chain Management and RFID 12
4.2 Limits and Challenges of the RFID Technology 16
CHAPTER-5
Privacy and Security in RFID Systems 18
5.1 Architecture 18

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 5.2 Privacy Mechanisms 20
CHAPTER-6
RFID Privacy and Security for ID cards and E-Passports 24
6.1 Introduction 24
CHAPTER-7
TYPES OF RFID 26
7.1 CLASSIFICATION ON RFID 26
CHAPTER-8
RFID ON METAL 33
8.1 INTRODUCTION 33
CHAPTER-9
APPLICATIONS OF RFID 35
9.1 USES 35
9.2 HUMAN IMPLANTATION 42
CHAPTER-10
REGULATION AND STANDARDIZATION 48
10.1 INTRODUCTION 48
CONCLUSION 49
REFERENCES 50

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 LIST OF FIGURES

COMPONENTS 1

COMPONENTS OF RFID SYSTEM 2

ORACLE SENSOR 4

BARCODE 5

RFID TAG 6

RFID READER 6

SUPPLY CHAIN OF RFID 12

PRODUCT CHAIN 15

DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES 26

ELECTRONIC KEY OF RFID 35

RFID ANTENNA 38

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 LIST OF TABLES

ADVANTAGES 7

DISADVANTAGES 7

UHF VS HF AND LF 29

RFID SYSTEMS 30

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