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U6A
CHEMISRTY LAB #
AIM: To determine the mass of calcium carbonate in a commercial brand of antacid by back titration.
DIAGRAM:
RESULTS:
TABLE SHOWING THE TIRTATION VALUES OF HCl AND ANTACID WITH NaOH.
Accurate
Rough
1 2 3
Final burette
20.70 20.50 40.70 39.70
reading/cm3
Initial burette
0.00 0.00 20.50 19.40
reading/cm3
Volume of NaOH/cm3 20.70 20.50 20.20 20.30
20.20+ 20.30
25.0cm3 of antacid and HCl reacted with 2
= 20.25 cm3 of NaOH.
CALCULATIONS:
3) HCl
1dm3 contains 1 moles of HCl
1
Hence 1cm3 will contain [1000 ] moles of MnO4-
1
Therefore moles used in 23.0cm3 is [ × 25.0] moles, that is, 0.025 moles of HCl.
1000
4) NaOH
1dm3 contains 0.5 moles of NaOH
0.5
Hence 1cm3 will contain [1000 ] moles of NaOH
0.5
Therefore moles used in 20.25cm3 is [1000 × 20.25] moles, that is, 0.010125 moles of NaOH.
6) Moles of HCl reacting with the antacid = 0.025 – 0.010125 = 0.014875 moles of HCl
A back titration is a titration in which a reagent is added to a solution containing the analyte
and the excess reagent remaining after its reaction with the analyte is determined by titration.
In this lab, the reaction of the antacid tablet containing calcium carbonate being added to a
standardized solution of hydrochloric acid and heated is CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) +
CO2(g) + H2O(l) The antacid was added to excess HCl(aq) in an attempt to ensure that the
reaction with the calcium carbonate ( a sparingly soluble salt) goes to completion. The excess
acid then reacts with sodium hydroxide as follows: HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
SOURCES OF ERROR:
Reaction time may have caused a delay between the time there was a colour
change and the time the tap was turned off.
Parallax error
Not rinsing burette or cleaning apparatus appropriately
Transfer of liquids may result in inaccurate results
The use of coloured antacid tablets would have affected the colour and visibility
of the endpoint colour
LIMITATIONS:
Different people perceive colour differently hence end points may vary.
Accuracy of measuring instruments
White antacid tablets were not available hence, coloured tablets were used
All of the antacid might not have dissolved in the hydrochloric acid.
PRECAUTIONS:
CONCLUSION: The mass of calcium carbonate in a commercial antacid is was found to be 0.74g.