TABLE OF CONTENTS

CASE NO # SHORT TITLE

ARTICLE VII. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
Section 1
Executive Power
Scope of Power (residual)
1 Marcos vs Manglapus (1989)
Valid Exercise
2 Philconsa v Enriquez (power to execute)
3 Webb v De Leon (prosecution of crimes, not quasi judicial)
4 Djumantan v Domingo (deportation)
5 Chavez v PCGG ( recovery of ill-gotten wealth)
6 Pontejos v. Ombudsman (power to grant immunity to state witnesses)
7 Banda v. Ermita (power to reorganize)
Invalid Exercise
8 Laurel v. Garcia (1990) (alienation of government property)
9 Review Center v. Ermita (power of President of Admin Agencies)
10 Biraogo v. The Philippine Truth Commission (power of president to investigate)
Executive Privilege
11 US vs. Nixon (general claim of exec privilege)
12 Almonte vs. Vasquez (EIIB information not subject of privilege)
13 Senate vs. Ermita (EO 464)
14 Neri vs. Senate (ZTE NBN deal)
15 Akbayan vs. Aquino (JPEPA)
Immunity from Suit
16 Soliven vs. Makasiar (who has the right to invoke)
17 Harlow vs. Fitzgerald (absolute vs. qualified immunity)
18 Clinton vs. Jones (unofficial conduct)
19 Gloria vs. CA (cabinet member)
20 Estrada vs. Desierto (impeachment)
21 David vs. Arroyo (case against Pres. Arroyo)
The Cabinet
22 Constantino vs. Cuisia (alter ego)
Section 2 - Qualifications of the President
23 Poe Llamanzares vs. COMELEC (Citizenship of a foundling)
Section 3 - The Vice-President
24 Funa s. Executive Secretary (exception to the Gen Rule of prohibition to hold other govt offices)
Section 4 - Election of the President of Vice-President
Term of the Pres and VP
25 Anson-Roa vs. Arroyo (filling in of vacancy by Arroyo)
Congress s National Board of Canvassers
26 Brillantes vs. COMELEC (advanced unofficial)
27 Pimentel vs. Joint Committee (non legislative)
28 Lopez vs. Senate (Rules for canvassing)
29 BANAT vs. COMELEC (automation)
Breaking Presidential or Vice-Presidentail Tie
Presidential or Vice Presidential Controversies
30 Defensor-Santiago vs. Ramos (electoral protest rendered moot by assumption into Senate)
31 Tecson vs. Lim (need for post election issue)
32 Poe vs. GMA (2nd and 3rd highest candidate has standing)
33 Macalintal vs. PET (Constitutionality
Section 5 Oath of Office
Section 6 - Official Resident
Section 7-8 Filling a Vacancy in th Presidency
34 Estrada vs. Desierto (succession)
Supplement - Panganiban, Reforming the Judiciary Chap 10
Section 9 - Vacancy in the Office of the VP
Section 10 - Vacancy in Both the Pres and VP
Section 11 - Incapacity of the President
35 Estrada vs. Desierto (succession)
 Section 12 - Serios Illness of the President
Section 13 Prohibition against holding another Office or Employment
36 Rafael vs. Embroidery & Apparel Control Board (designation and ex-officio capaciy)
37 CLU vs. Executive Secretary (stricter prohibition on the President's Official family against
multiple offices)
38 De la Cruz vs. COA (alternates of Cabinet member are also not entitled to additional
compensation
39 Bitonio vs. COA (cf. De la Cruz vs. COA)
40 National Amnesty Com vs. COA (cf. De la Cruz vs. COA)
41 Funa s. Executive Secretary (in relation to Art 9-B Sec 7)
42 Enrique U. Betoy vs. The Board of Directors, Nat'l Power Corp (reiterates CLU)
43 Espiritu vs. Lutgarda
Other Prohibitions
44 Deromal vs. Sandiganbayan (prohibited participation in a contract with the gov't; inderect
interest)
Section 14-15 - Appointment by Acting President
Temporary Appointments
45 In re Appointment of Valenzuela (general rule of appointment)
46 De Castro vs. JBC (reversal of Valenzuela ruling)
47 Atty Elia Omar Sana vs. Career Executive Service Board (CESO rank)
Section 16 Nature of the Appointing Power
48 Government vs. Springer (power to appoint as executive)
49 Datu Michael Abas Kida vs. Senate of the Phils (interpretation of power of President to appoint
OICs)
50 Valiearia - Grafel vs. OP (revocation of GMA appointments)
Kinds of Presidential Appointments
51 Pimentel vs. Ermita (acting Secretaries)
100 Tanada v. Angara - 272 SCRA 18 [1997] (supra., Art. 2, preliminary issue,
Sec. 2, Sec. 19) (instrument signing)
58 De Leon v. Carpio - 178 SCRA 457 [1989] (acts of Cabinet Officials)
59 *Joson v. Torres - 290 SCRA 279 [1998] (power to discipline local officials)
60 Hutchison v. SBMA - GR 131367, August 31, 2000 (power of the President
over SBMA; may overturn decision)
53 *Lacson-Magallanes v. Pano - 21 SCRA 395 [1967]
(Presidential power to reverse decision of heads of executive positions;
non-delegable is what the President has to exercise in person)
103 Pharmaceutical v. DOH – GR 173034, October 9, 2007
61 Cruz v. Sec. of DENR – GR 135385, December 6, 2000 (power of the
President over NCIP; control and supervision)
*Lagman v. Midialdea – GR 231658, July 4, 2017
62 Domingo v. Zamora, GR 142283, Feb. 6, 2003 (power to reorganize)
63 DENR v. DENR Region 12 Employees, GR 149724, Aug. 19, 2003
(qualified political agency)
64 Chavez v. Romulo – 431 SCRA 534 [2004]
65 *KMU v. Dir.-Gen. of NEDA – 487 SCRA 623 [2006]
(also under Faithful execution clause)
66 Phillips v. BOI – 578 SCRA 69 [2010] (mode of review)
87 People v. Bacang - 260 SCRA 44 [1996] (pardon pending appeal)
85 *Llamas v. Orbos - 202 SCRA 844 [1991] (clemency on administrative
penalties)
NO
93 Garcia v. COA 226 SCRA 356 [1993] (pardon based on innocence)
67 Angeles v. Gaite – 605 SCRA 409 [2009] (qualified political agency)
95 Constantino v. Cuisia - 472 SCRA 505[2005] (Secretary of finance as
alter ego)
54 *Ang-Angco v. Castillo - 9 SCRA 619 [1963] (distinguish President’s power
over “acts” and “person” of appointee in classified service)
104 Saguisag v. Exec. Secretary. GR 212426, January 12, 2016 and (MR)
July 26, 2016, supra. A2, Sec. 2 and Sec. 7
68 Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit
GR 177131, 07 June 2011
89 *Torres v. Gonzales - 152 SCRA 272 [1987] (violation of conditional pardon)
69 *Drilon v. Lim - 235 SCRA 135 [1994] (power of DOJ Sec. to declare illegal a City Code
is mere exercise of supervision)
94 *Risos- Vidal v. COMELEC and Estrada, GR No. 206666, January 21, 2015.
101 Bayan v. Zamora - GR 138570, October 10, 2000 (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 2)
(VFA in relation to Art. 18, Sec. 25)
70 PRA v. Bunag, GR 143784, Feb. 5, 2003
99 USAFFE Veterans Association v. Treasurer - 105 PHIL 1030 [1959] (treaty)
97 *Hontiveros-Baraquel v. TRB, GR 181293, February 23, 2015
102 Abaya v. Ebdane – 315 SCRA 720 (2007)
91 *Cristobal v. Labrador 71 PHIL 34 [1940-1941] (absolute pardon; restoration
of full political and civil rights)
71 Romualdez v. SandiganBayan, GR 152259, July 29, 2004
72 *National Artist for Literature Virgilio Almario, GR 189028, July 16, 2013
73 *Ocampo v. Enriquez, GR 225973, November 8, 2016
88 Drilon v. CA - 202 SCRA 378 [1991] (reopening of case after pardon)
56 NAMARCO v. Arca - 29 SCRA 648 [1969] (power of control over GOCC’s)
74 *Lansang v. Garcia 42 SCRA 448 [1971] (habeas corpus reviewable by SC)
75 Aberca v. Ver 160 SCRA 590 [1988] (habeas corpus – not bar to civil action
for damages)
57 PASEI v. Torres - 225 SCRA 417 [1993] (repeal of LOI by EO)
55 *Villaluz v. Zaldivar - 15 SCRA 710 [1965] (power to remove Presidential
appointee in unclassified service)
105 *Vinuya v. Romulo – 619 SCRA 533 [2010]
76 IBP v. Zamora – GR 141284, August 15, 2000 (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 3 –
discretionary power of the President to call out the AFP not subject to tests
unlike Martial Law or suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus)
77 Lacson v. Perez - GR 147780-81, 147799 and 1477810, May 10, 2001
(power of Supreme Court to inquire into factual basis for declaration of
“state of rebellion”; rendered moot)
98 *Gonzales v. Hechanova - 9 SCRA 230 [1963] (nature of executive
agreements)
84 *Diego v. People – 755 SCRA 260 [2015] (pardoning power as discretionary;
beyond control of the court)
92 *Monsanto v. Factoran 170 SCRA 190 [1989] (reinstatement to former rights)
86 People v. Salle - 250 SCRA 581 [1995] (pardon after conviction)
90 *People v. Casido - 269 SCRA 360 [1997] (amnesty)
96 *Land Bank v. Atlanta Industries – GR 193796, July 2, 2014
78 Lim v. Exec. Secretary – GR 151445, April 11, 2002 (Balikatan exercises)
79 Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary - 421 SCRA 656 (supra. A6, Sec. 23 (2)
80 *David v. Arroyo – GR 171396, May 3, 2006 (supra. A6, Sec. 23 (2))
81 *Ampatuan v. DILG Sec., GR 190259, June 7, 2011 (A6, Sec. 23 (2))
82 Fortun v. Arroyo - GR 190293, 20 March 2012 (power of Supreme Court
to inquire into factual basis for declaration of martial law and suspension of
the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus; rendered moot)
83 *Kulayan v. Tan, GR 187298, July 3, 2012
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE VIII. THE JUDICIARY

SECTION 1
I. Definition and scope of Judicial Power
1 *Marbury v. Madison – 1 Cranch 137 [1803] (essence of judicial duty)
2 *Santiago v. Bautista – 32 SCRA 188 [1970] (concept of judicial function)
3 "*Radiowealth v. Agregado – 86 PHIL. 429 [1950] (implied power; acquisition
of equipment)"
4 *In re Laureta – 148 SCRA 382 [1987] (power to preserve its honor)
5 *In re Borromeo - 241 SCRA 405 [1995] (contempt power)
6 "*Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice – GR 132601, January 19, 1999
(power to delay execution of sentence)"
7 Planters v. Fertiphil – 548 SCRA 485 [2008] (lower court; const’l. issue)
8 "*RE: Letter of UP Law Faculty - A.M. No. 10-10-4-C, June 7, 2011
(contempt power)"
9 "*Pichay v. Office of the Deputy Executive Secretary – 677 SCRA 408 [2012]
(ODES no power to try and decide cases;
E.O. No. 13 empowering it is unconstitutional)"
10 "*Tan c. Matsuura, GR 179003, Jan 9, 2013(power to review findings of
prosecutor preliminary investigation)"
11 Locsin v HRET, GR 201123, March 19, 2013(supra Art VI, Sec 17)
12 "*Garcia v. Drilon – (supra., A2, S14; power granted to Punong Barangay/
Kagawad to issue TPO not judicial but executive function)"
13 "People v. Sandiganbayan, 699 SCRA 713 (granting immunity not inherently
judicial)"
14 "Disini v. Secretary of Justice, (supra, A2, S 24; issuance of subpoena as
adjunct of investigatory power of executive agencies is valid)"
15 "*City of Manila v. Grecia-Cuerdo – 715 SCRA 182 [2014] (power of CTA to
issue auxiliary writs, e.s. certiorari)"
 II. Intrinsic limit on judicial power
16 "Manila Electric Co. v. Pasay Transit Co. – 57 PHIL. 60 [1932-1933]
(non-judicial function; power to arbitrate)"
17 "*Noblejas v. Teehankee –23 SCRA 405 [1968] (no power to discipline officers
in other branch with equivalent rank of judge)"
18 "Erdito Quarto v. The Honorable Ombudsman Simeon Marcelo, et al. -
GR 169042, 05 October 2011."
III. Justiciable Controversy
19 Angara v. Electoral Commission - 63 Phil 134
20 "US v. Nixon – 418 US 683 [1974] (supra. Art. 7, Sec. 1; justiciable issue:
intra-branch dispute and admissibility of evidence)"
21 "Marcos v. Manglapus – 177 SCRA 668 [1989] and MR – 178 SCRA 760 [1989]
(supra., Art. 7, Sec. 1; justiciable issue: extent of judicial review)"
22 "Daza v. Singson – 180 SCRA 496 [1989] (supra.,Art. 6, Sec. 18; review of
removal from CA by House)"
23 "Garcia v. BOI – 191 SCRA 288 [1990] (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 19; actual controversy:
economic policy)"
24 "Djumantan v. Domingo – 240 SCRA 746 [1995] (supra., Art. 7, Sec. 1;
review of deportation proceedings)"
25 "Mariano v. COMELEC – 242 SCRA 211 [1995](supra., Art. 6, Sec. 5;
actual controversy: hypothetical question)"
26 PPI v. Comelec - 244 SCRA 272
27 "*SBMA v. COMELEC – 262 SCRA 492 [1996] (supra. Art. 6, Sec. 32; no
controversy when resolution is at proposal stage)"
28 "Tañada v. Angara – 272 SCRA 18 [1997] (supra., Art. 2, preliminary issue,
Sec. 2, Sec. 19 and Art. 7, Sec. 21; review of treaty-making/signing; entry into
WTO as legislative wisdom)"
29 "Arroyo v. De Venecia – 277 SCRA 268 [1997] (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 16; review of
violation of internal House procedures)"
30 "CIR v. Santos – 277 SCRA 617 [1997] (review of tax-legislation; RTC’s power
to invalidate law)"
31 "Garcia-Rueda v. Pascasio – 278 SCRA 769 [1997] (review of Ombudsman’s
findings)"
32 Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona - GR 134577, November 18, 1997
33 Tatad v. DOE – 281 SCRA 330 [1997] (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 1; review of law-making)
34 Telecom v. COMELEC – 289 SCRA 337 [1998] (amendment of franchise)
35 "Miranda v. Aguirre – GR 133064, September 16, 1999
(review of local government creation)"
36 Cutaran v. DENR – 350 SCRA 697 [2001] (actual controversy)
37 "Estrada v. Desierto - GR 146740-15, March 2, 2001 and MR April 3, 2001
(supra., Art. 6, Secs. 1, 7, 8 &11; justiciability of succession and immunity issues)"
38 Cawaling v. COMELEC – GR 146319, October 23, 2001 (question of wisdom)
39 Montesclaros v. COMELEC – GR 152295, July 9, 2002 (concept of judicial power)
40 John Hay Peoples Alternative Coalition v. Lim - GR 119775, Oct. 24, 2003
41 Velarde v. Social Justice Society - GR 159357, Apr. 28, 2004
42 Panganiban v. Philippine Shell - GR 131471, Jan. 22, 2003
43 SMART v. NTC - GR 151908, Aug. 12, 2003
44 Buac v. Comelec - 421 SCRA 92
45 Information Technology v. COMELEC – 460 SCRA 291
46 Senate v. Ermita – GR 169659, April 20, 2006
47 David v. Arroyo – GR 171396, May 3, 2006
48 Garcia v. Executive Secretary – 583 SCRA 119 [2009]
49 "Imbong v. Ochoa – 721 SCRA 146 [2014] (facial challenged expanded from free
speech cases to religious freedom and other fundamental rights. Natural law
can’t be basis);"
50 Araullo v. Aquino – 728 SCRA 1 [2015] (funds utilized through DAP)
51 "*In re Save the Supreme Court – 746 SCRA352 [2015] (Supreme Court can’t
declare a proposed bill unconstitutional; no right arises therefrom; read with
SBMA v. COMELEC, supra.)"
IV. Advisory opinions
52 "*Director of Prisons v. Ang Cho Kio – 33 SCRA 494 [1970]
(no power to give advisory opinions or recommend executive action)"
V. Distinguished from declaratory relief
53 Macasiano v. NHA – 224 SCRA 236 [1993] (requisites)
54 *Tano v. Socrates – 278 SCRA 154 [1997] (hierarchy of courts)
VI. Grave abuse of discretion
55 PCGG v. Desierto - GR 132120, Feb. 10, 2003
56 Domingo v. Scheer - 421 SCRA 468 [2004]
57 Presidential Ad Hoc v. Desierto – 548 SCRA 295 [2008] (OMB no power)
58 Reyes v. Belisario – 596 SCRA 31 [2009] (OMB no power)
59 Eloisa L. Tolentino v. Atty. Roy M. Loyola, et al. - GR 153809, 27 July 2011
60 "City of Manila v. Grecia-Cuerdo, G.R. 175723, February 4, 2014
(judicial power of CTA includes power to determine grave abuse of discretion
on the part of RTC in issuing interlocutory order;"
61 CTA with power to issue writs of certiorari)
VII. Conclusive character of Supreme Court Judgment
62 In re subpoena duces tecum dated Jan. 11, 2010 - 614 SCRA 1
VIII. Plenary Judicial Power; derivative; PET
63 Macalintal v. PET - 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
"Supplement
Did Article 8, Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution Expand the Jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court? 8 LR 6, #12(Dec. 31, 1999).El Andres Narvasa, El Poder (1998).

"
SECTION 2
64 "Mantruste Systems v. CA – 179 SCRA 136 [1989] (judicial non-interference with
executive arm)"
65 "*Malaga v. Penachos – 213 SCRA 516 [1992] (injunctions against infrastructure
projects)"
66 Vivas v. Monetary Board, GR 191424, August 7, 2013 (undue delegation of power)
67 "Mantruste Systems v. CA – 179 SCRA 136 [1989] (judicial non-interference with
executive arm)"
68 "*Malaga v. Penachos – 213 SCRA 516 [1992] (injunctions against infrastructure
projects)"
69 Vivas v. Monetary Board, GR 191424, August 7, 2013 (undue delegation of power)
SECTION 3
70 In re clarifying and strengthening …the Philippine Judicial Academy – 481 SCRA 1
71 "RE: Petition for recognition of the exemption of GSIS - A.M. No. 08-2-01-0,
February 11, 2010 (fiscal autonomy)"
72 "In re COA Opinion on Computation of Appraised Value of Properties –
678 SCRA 1 [2012]"
73 "In the Matter of: Save the Supreme Court Judicial Independence...
, UDK 15143, 21 January 2015."
SECTION 4
I. Filling-in vacancy in Supreme Court; 90 days
74 *De Castro v. JBC – 615 SCRA 666 [2010] (supra.)
II. Referral to en banc; par. 3; cases only; modification of doctrine
75 *Fortich v. Corona – GR 131457, August 19, 1999 (involves "matters")
76 People v. Dy, GR 115326-37, Jan. 16, 2003
77 *Republic v. Garcia – 527 SCRA 495 [2007] (modification of doctrine)
78 "Apo Fruits Corporation and Hijo Plantation, Inc. v. Land Bank of the Philippines -
GR 164195, 05 April 2011."
79 "In Re: Letters of Atty. Estelito P. Mendoza re: G.R. No. 178083 – Flight Attendants
and Stewards Association of the Philippines (FASAP) v. Philippine Airlines, Inc.
(PAL), et al. - A.M. No. 11-10-1-SC, 13 March 2012.
(inhibition of a member-in-charge)"
80 Lorenzo v. GSIS, GR 188385, October 2, 2013 (GSIS division v Raro en banc)
SECTION 5
I. Original Jurisdiction: par. 1
Quo Warranto
81 *Republic v. Sereno, GR 237428, May 11, 2018 (Removal of CJ Sereno)
II. Judicial Review; par.
A. Administrative agencies; no power
82 Serrano v. Gallant – 582 SCRA 254 [2009]
B. Requisites
83 Macasiano v. NHA – 224 SCRA 236 [1993] (requisites for judicial review)
84 Liban v. Gordon – 639 SCRA 709 [2011] (raise as an issue)
1. “ripe for adjudication”
85 *PACU v. Secretary of Education – 97 PHIL. 806 [1955] (also under locus standi)
86 *Tan v. Macapagal – 43 SCRA 678 [1972] (also taxpayer’s suit)
87 Solicitor General v. MMDA – GR 102782, December 11, 1991 (exception; to abate confusion on a
law)
88 Militante v. CA, GR 107040, April 12, 2000 (expropriation)
89 Pimentel v. HRET – GR 14189, November 29, 2002 (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 17)(HRET party-list
members)
90 Constantino v. Cuisia – 472 SCRA 505
91 Senate v. Ermita – 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
92 David v. Arroyo – 489 SCRA 162 [2006] (court decides moot case)
93 *Suplico v. NEDA - GR 178830, July 14, 2008 (ZTE contract moot)
94 Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel (supra.; MOA-AD)
95 Lozano v. Nograles – 589 SCRA 356 [2009]
96 Drilon v. De Venecia – 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
97 De Castro v. JBC – 615 SCRA 666 [2010] (supra.)
98 LAMP v. Sec. of Budget and Management – 670 SCRA 373 [2012]
99 Belgica v. Hon. Ochoa, (supra., A2, S. 25)
100 Remnan v. Professional Regulatory Board (supra., A 6, S. 26)
101 "Villafuerte v. Robredo, GR 95390, December 10, 2014 (Memo received and may
be basis for question)"
102 "Diocese of Bacolod v. COMELEC, GR 205728, January 21, 2015 (Opinion of
COMELEC may be basis to question)"
2. “Standing”
 a. Legislators and Government Officials
103 "Gonzales v. Macaraig, Jr. – 191 SCRA 452 [1990] (legislators’ standing;
nullification of Presidential veto). Read with Philconsa v. Enriquez – 235 SCRA
506 [1994] (also validity of veto); Del Mar v. PAGCOR, GR 138298, November
29, 2000, Sandoval v. PAGCOR – GR 138982, November 29, 2000 and
Jaworski v. PAGCOR – 419 SCRA 420 (on jai-alai without franchise)"
104 SANLAKAS v. Executive Secretary, GR 159085, Feb. 3, 2004
105 Farinas v. Executive Secretary, GR 147387, Dec. 10, 2003
106 Province of Batangas v. Romulo – 429 SCRA 736 [2004]
107 Disomangcop v. Datumanong – 444 SCRA 203 [2004]
108 CHR-Employees v. CHR – 444 SCRA 300 [2004]
109 Pimentel v. Executive Secretary – 462 SCRA 622
110 Pimentel v. Ermita – 472 SCRA 587
111 "Senate v. Ermita – 495 SCRA 170 [2006] (distinction between party-list Bayan
Muna and PDP-Laban)"
112 Prov. of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel – 564 SCRA 402 [2008]
113 *Concepcion v. COMELEC – 591 SCRA 420 [2009]
114 Drilon v. De Venecia – 594 SCRA 749 [2009]
115 Biraogo v. PTC – 637 SCRA 78 [2010]
116 League of Provinces v. DENR – 696 SCRA 190 [2013] (standing of league)
b. Taxpayers
117 "*Pascual v. Secretary of Public Works – 110 PHIL 331 [1960-1961] (supra. Art. 2,
Secs. 24 & 29; requisites in questioning use of public funds)"
118 Gonzales v. Marcos – 65 SCRA 624 [1975] (trust fund)
119 "Gonzales v. Narvasa, GR 140835, August 14, 2000 (study on constitutional
amendments)"
120 Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec, GR 159131, Jan. 13, 2004.
121 Sanlakas v. Executive Secretary - 421 SCRA 656 [2004]
122 Velarde v. SJS – 428 SCRA 283 [2004]
123 Brillantes v. COMELEC – 432 SCRA 269 [2004]
124 Domingo v. Carague – 456 SCRA 450
125 Republic v. Nolasco – 457 SCRA 400
126 Constantino v. Cuisia – 472 SCRA 305
127 Abaya v. Ebdane – 515 SCRA 720 [2007]
128 Planters v. Fertiphil – 548 SCRA 485 [2008] (supra.)
129 Roque v. COMELEC – 599 SCRA 62 [2009]
130 Mamba v. Lara, GR 165109, December 14, 2009
131 De la Llana v. Chairperson, COA – 665 SCRA 176 (2012)
132 "*Galicto v. Aquino – 667 SCRA 150 (2012) (no material interest in future increases
in benefits)"
133 Intitiatives for Dialogue vs. PSALM – 682 SCRA 602 (2012)
134 "Land Bank of the Philippines v. Cacayuran – 696 SCRA 861 (internal revenue
allotment for loans fo LGU; gives standing to taxpayers)"
135 Remulla v. Marks – 706 SCRA 35 (appropriations not authorized and price is excessive)
136 Belgica v. Hon. Ochoa (supra, A6, S1)
c. Citizens and associations; transcendental importance
137 *Legaspi v. CSC – 150 SCRA 530 [1987] (access to records)
138 "Oposa v. Factoran – 224 SCRA 792 [1993] (supra, Art. 2, Sec. 16)
(inter-generational responsibility)"
139 PASEI v. Torres – 225 SCRA 417 [1993] (recruitment agencies)
140 *Joya v. PCGG – 225 SCRA 568 [1993] (private funds)
141 "Kilosbayan v. Morato – 246 SCRA 540 [1995] (transcendental importance)
and 250 SCRA 130 [1995] (particularized interests)"
142 Tatad v. Garcia – 243 SCRA 436 [1995] (contravention of law: infrastructure)
143 *Board of Optometry v. Colet – 260 SCRA 88 [1996] (unregistered organizations)
144 "Anti-Graft League of the Philippines – 260 SCRA 250 [1996] (sale of land by
government)"
145 Telecom v. COMELEC – 289 SCRA 337[1998] (supra, Art. 8, Sec. 1) (direct injury)
146 "Chavez v. PCGG – GR 130716 [May 19, 1999] (supra, Art. 2, Sec. 28 and Art. 6,
Sec. 28(4); enforcement of a public right)"
147 "IBP v. Zamora – GR 141284 [August 15, 2000] (supra, Art. 7, Sec. 18;
deployment of marines; also political question vis-à-vis expanded jurisdiction
of the Court)"
148 "Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000 (supra., Art. 2, Secs. 2&8 and
Art. 6, Sec. 28 - VFA)"
149 "Cruz v. Secretary of DENR – GR 135385, December 6, 2000
(supra., Art. 7, Sec. 17 - IPRA)"
150 Lozano v. Macapagal-Arroyo – GR 146579, February 6, 2001 (legality of Presidency)
151 Lim v. Exec. Secretary – GR 151445 April 11, 2002 (Balikatan exercises)
152 Chavez v. PEA – GR 133250, July 9, 2002 (reclamation project)
153 Tolentino v. COMELEC – 420 SCRA 438 [2004]
154 Agan v. PIATCO – 420 SCRA 575 [2004]
155 Tichangco v. Enriquez – 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
156 Automotive Industry Workers Alliance v. Romulo – 449 SCRA 1 (union)
157 Pimentel v. Office of the Executive Secretary – 462 SCRA 622 (supra.)
158 Senate v. Ermita – 488 SCRA 1 [2006]
159 Purok v. Yuipco – 489 SCRA 382 [2006] (association)
160 David v. Arroyo – 489 SCRA 162 [2006]
161 Holy Spirit v. Defensor – 497 SCRA 581 [2006] (association)
162 Henares v. LTFRB – 505 SCRA 104 [2006] (right to clean air)
163 Francisco v. Fernando – 507 SCRA [2006]
164 Public Interest Center v. Roxas – 513 SCRA 457 [2007]
165 Garcia v. J.G. Summit – 516 SCRA 483 [2007]
166 Kilosbayan v. Ermita – 526 SCRA 353 [2007]
167 "*Tondo Medical v. CA – 527 SCRA 746 [2007] (standing is determined by merit
s of case even in cases of transcendental importance)"
168 *Anak Mindanao v. Executive Secretary – 531 SCRA 583 [2007] (abstract claims)
169 Pharmaceutical v. Duque – 535 SCRA 265
170 Chavez v. Gonzales – 545 SCRA 441 [2008] (transcendental)
171 Akbayan v. Aquino – 558 SCRA 468 [2008] (transcendental)
172 SJS v. Dangerous Drugs Board – 570 SCRA 410 [2008] (transcendental)
173 Garcillano v. House – GR 170338, Dec. 23, 2008
174 White Light v. City of Manila – 576 SCRA 416 [2009]
175 Chamber of Real Estate v. Romulo – 614 SCRA 605 [2010]
176 Chamber of Real Estate v. ERC – 624 SCRA 556 [2010]
177 Southern Hemisphere v. ATC – 632 SCRA 146 [2010]
178 Orlando A. Rayos v. The City of Manila - GR 196063, 14 December 2011.
179 "Jelbert B. Galicto v. H.E. President Benigno Simeon C. Aquino, III - GR 193978
, February 28, 2012 (Reiterates multiple cases. Liga ng mga Barangay v. City
Mayor of Manila, Southern Hemisphere Engagement Network, Inc. v. Anti-
Terrorism Council, Concepcion v. Comelec, etc.)"
180 Bayan v. Romulo – 641 SCRA 244 [2011] (public right)
181 Magallona v. Ermita – 655 SCRA 476 [2011] (citizens)
182 Funa v. MECO, gr 193462, February 4, 2014 (citizens)
183 "Advocates for Truth in Lending v. BSP Monetary Board – 688 SCRA 530
(No standing; no public funds involved in Cir 905 which lifted ceiling on interest
rates; no personal injury; not borrowers affected by suspension of Usury Law)"

184 "Funa v. MECO, GR 193462, FEBRUARY 4, 2014 (citizens)
Remman v. PRBREC

(supra. A6, s. 26 and A8, s.5)(real estate developers)"
185 *Resident Marine Mammals v. Sec Reyes (supra. A2, Sec. 16)
186 Imbong v. Ochoa – 721 SCRA 146 [2014]
187 "In re Save the Supreme Court, UDK-15143, January 21, 2015 (reiterates Tondo
and Anak cases on need for proper allegations in transcendental importance issue)"
188 Hontiveros-Baraquel v. TRB, GR 181293, Feb. 23, 2015 (labor unions with standing)
189 Saguisag v. Ochoa, GR 212444, January 12, 2016 (supra. A2, Sec. 2 and 7; A7, Sec. 21)
190 Rosales v. ERC. GR 201852, April 5, 2016
191 "*International Service v. Greenpeace, GR No. 209271, Dec. 8, 2015 and MR
July 26, 2016 (reversing 1st decision) (supra.)"
3. “Raise at earliest opportunity” & “Constitutionality is the very lis mota”
192 *People v. Vera – 65 PHIL. 56 [1937-1938] (exception to the rule on earliest opportunity)
193 Mirasol v. CA – 351 SCRA 44 [2001] (accounting by PNB separable)
194 Matibag v. Benipayo – 380 SCRA 49 [2002] (ad interim appointment)
195 La Bugal v. Ramos – 421 SCRA 148 [2004]
196 Arceta v. Mangrobang – 432 SCRA 136 [2004]
197 Estarja v. Ranada – 492 SCRA 652 [2006]
198 Moldex v. HLURB – 525 SCRA 198 [2007]
199 Gobenciong v. CA – 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
200 Heirs v. Marasigan – 548 SCRA 409 [2008]
201 Abakada v. Purisima – 562 SCRA 251 [2008]
202 ABS-CBN v. Phil. Multi-Media – 576 SCRA 262 [2009]
203 CSC v. Andal – 608 SCRA 370 [2009]
204 BPI v. Shemberg – 628 SCRA 70 [2010]
205 Macalintal v. PET – 635 SCRA 783 [2010]
206 "Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al. v. Board of Airlines Representatives - GR 193247, 14
September 2011. Reiterating Moldex v. HLURB"
207 Hacienda Luisita v. PARC, GR 171101, November 22, 2011
208 Sana v. CESB, GR 192926, November 15, 2011 (moot)
209 Gamboa v. Teves – 652 SCRA 690 [2011] (interest)
210 "*Narra Nickel Mining v. Redmont – 722 SCRA 382 [2014]
(capable of repetition; need to formulate principles)"
C. Political questions; requisites
211 Baker v. Carr – 369 US 169 [1962] (guidelines)
212 *Torrecampo v. Metropolitan – 649 SCRA 482 [2011] (executive policy)
1. “Textually demonstrable commitment”
213 Osmena v. Pendatun – 109 PHIL. 863 [1960] (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 16) (Discipline)
214 "Arroyo v. De Venecia – 277 SCRA 268 [1997] (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 16) (House of
Representatives)"
215 Defensor-Santiago v. Guingona – GR 134577, November 18, 1998 (Senate)
216 ICMC v. Calleja – GR 85750, September 28, 1990 (Executive)
217 Tanada v. Angara, 272 SCRA 18 [1997]
218 Garcia v. Corona, GR 132451, Dec. 17, 1999
2. “Judicially discoverable and manageable standards”
219 Liang v. People – GR 125865, March 26, 2001 (legal standards available)
D. Effect of unconstitutionality; par. 2(a)
220 *De Agbayani v. PNB – 38 SCRA 429 [1971] (operative fact)
221 *Philippine Coconut v. Republic, supra. (retroactive application to avoid injustice)
222 Garcia v. Drilon, GR 173267, June 25, 2013 (supra Art II, Sec 14)
223 *CIR v. San Roque Power Corp.- 707 SCRA 66 [2013] and [MR] October 8, 2013
224 *Araullo v. President Aquino, (supra, A6, S 29)
225 "*Katipunan v. Robredo – 730 SCRA 322 [2014] (implementation of infrastructure
project not subject to judicial review)"
226 "*Sameer v. Cabiles – 732 SCRA 531 (re-enactment of a void law declared
unconstitutional can’t be done)"
227 "*Film Dev. Council v. Colon Heritage – 758 SCRA 536 [2015] (acted in good faith,
so, operative fact applied)"
E. Automatic review; par. 2 (d)
228 "Garcia, et.al. v. People – 318 SCRA 434 (reclusion perpetua requires interpositio
n of appeal; jurisdiction of the lower court in issue)"
229 Pearson v. IAC - GR 74454, Sept. 3, 1998.
230 *People v. Mateo – 433 SCRA 640
231 People v. Duavis - GR 190681, 07 December 2011 (Reiterates People v. Mateo)
F. Question of law; par. 2(e)
232 "Cebu Woman’s Club v. De la Victoria – GR 120060 [March 9, 2000] (questions of
law) 327 SCRA 172"
233 "Garcia v. Drilon (supra., AII, S. 14; Family Court can still entertain issue of consti
tutionality of a statute ; it is a question of law)"
II. Change of Venue; par. 4
234 *People v. Gutierrez – 36 SCRA 172 [1970] (transfer of venue)
III. Power to Promulgate Rules; par. 5
A. Enforcement of constitutional rights, pleading, practice, and procedure in all courts
235 First Lepanto v. CA – 231 SCRA 30 [1994] (effect of circular of SC).
236 Lina v. Purisma – 82 SCRA 344 [1978] (power of SC to disregard its own rules)
237 *Santero v. CFI-Cavite – 153 SCRA 728 [1965] (rules of court v. civil code)
238 *Damasco v. Laqui – 166 SCRA 214 [1988] (prescription of crimes v. rules of court)
239 "Carpio v. Sulu Resources – GR 148267, August 8, 2002 (transfer of appeals as
procedural matter)"
240 "*Baguio Market Vendors v. Hon. Cortes – GR 165922, February 26, 2010
(Congress can’t repeal SC rules)"
241 In re Petition for Recognition – 612 SCRA 193 [2010] (legal fees)
242 In re Exemption of NPC – 615 SCRA 1 [2010] (legal fees)
243 "*In Re: In the Matter of Clarification of Exemption from Payment of All Court and
Sheriff’s Fees of Cooperatives - A.M. 12-2-03-0, 13 March 2012 (legal fees) –
668 SCRA 1 (2012) (SC rule cannot be modified by law)"
244 "Sto. Tomas v. Paneda – 685 SCRA 245 [2012] (Sec.15 of Rules on Criminal
Procedure allows exceptions by law to rules on venue)"
245 Paje v. Casiño (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 16)
246 "B. Admission to the practice of law, the Integrated Bar,disciplinary powers, and
legal assistance to the underprivileged"
247 *In re Cunanan – 94 PHIL. 534 [953-1954] (admission to the bar).
248 "In re Admission to the Bar: Argosino – Bar Matter 712, 246 SCRA 14 [1995]
(power to admit, read with Cunanan)"
249 Javellana v. DILG 212 SCRA 475 [1992] (practice of law by public officers)
250 Re: 2003 Bar Examination, Bar Matter No. 1222, Feb. 4, 2004
251 Velez v. De Vera – A.C. No. 6697, July 25, 2006 (disbarment)
252 *In re letter of UP Law Faculty – 644 SCRA 543 [2011] (plagiarism)
253 "In the matter of the brewing controversies in the elections of the IBP, AM 09-05-2-
SC, April 11, 2013 (supervision over the IBP)"
C. Limits of power
1. Simplified and inexpensive procedure for speedy disposition
2. Uniform for all courts of the same grade
 3. Not diminish, increase, or modify substantive rights
254 Bustos v. Lucero – 81 PHIL. 648 [1948] (definition of substantial rights).
255 *PNB v. Asuncion – 80 SCRA 321 [1977] (procedural v. substantial rights)
256 *People v. Lacson – 400 SCRA 267 [2003] (time bar rule)
257 Planters v. Fertiphil – 426 SCRA 414 [2004] (retrospective application of rules)
258 Tan v. Bausch – 478 SCRA 115 [2005] (transfer of jurisdiction)
259 Republic v. Gingoyon – 478 SCRA 474 [2005]
260 Camp John Hay v. BIR – GR 172457, December 24, 2008
261 LBP v. De Leon – GR 143275, September 10, 2002 (agrarian law as special procedure)
262 Tan v. COMELEC – 507 SCRA 352 [2006] (review of rules of quasi-judicial bodies)
IV. Supervision over the Judiciary
263 *Ampong v. CSC – 563 SCRA 293 [2008]
264 *Maceda v. Vasquez – 221 SCRA 464 [1993] (falsification) read with
265 De Vera v. Pelayo - GR 137354, July 6, 2000
266 Caoibes v. Ombudsman - G.R. No. 132177, July 19, 2001; and
267 Fuentes v. OMB - GR 124295, October 23, 2001.
268 Dolalas v. Office of the Ombudsman – 265 SCRA 819 [1996] (dishonesty)
269 Garcia v. de la Pena - 299 SCRA 776 [1994] (blood relations)
270 Maningas v. Barcenas - AM P-99-1315, Nov. 3, 1999
271 Gorospe v. Sandoval - AM RTJ-00-1534, Feb. 15, 2000
272 Caoibes v. Ombusman - GR 132177, July 19, 2001
273 Fuentes v. Ombudsman - GR 124295, Oct. 23, 2001
274 Adajar v. Develos - 475 SCRA 361[2005]
275 Garcia v. Miro – 582 SCRA 127 [2009]
276 Re : Request for guidance/clarification on Sec 7, Rule III of RA 10154, AM 13-09-08-SC, October
1, 2013 (exlusive administrative supervision)
277 CSC v. Pita – 696 SCRA 151 (administrative supervision and exclusive jurisdiction over
administrtive cases over judicial employees)
278 Re : Allegations against Justice Ong, AM No. Sb 14-21-J, September 23, 2014
Section 7.
279 Villanueva v. JBC, GR 211833, April 7, 2015
 Section 8
280 De Castro v. JBC – 615 SCRA 666 [2010] (supra.)
281 *Chavez v. JBC – 676 SCRA 579 [2012] (interpretation of “a representative of Congress”)
282 Chavez v. JBC, GR 202242, April 16, 2013 (more than 1 member of Congress)
283 *Jardeleza v. CJ Sereno, et al., GR 213181, August 19, 2014
284 *Villanueva v. JBC – 755 SCRA 182 [2015]
285 * Hon. Philip A. Aguinaldo vs. His Excellency Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III, et al., G.R. No.
224302, November 29, 2016 (shortlisting)
Section 9
Section 10
286 *Nitafan v. CIR – 152 SCRA 284 [1987] (no tax exemption)
Section 11
287 *Vargas v. Rilloraza – 80 PHIL. 297 [1948] (temporary replacement; uninterrupted security of
tenure) Read with
288 Estrada v. Desierto, supra.
289 De La Llana v. Alba – 112 SCRA 294 [1982] (abolition of office in good faith)
290 *People v. Gacott – 246 SCRA 52 [1995] (En banc decision to discipline)
Section 12
291 Macalintal v. Presidential Electoral Tribunal, 635 SCRA 783 [2010] (supra sec. 5)
Section 13
Section 14
I. Decision expressing clearly and distinctly the facts and the law on which it is based
A. Sufficient
292 *Air France v. Carrascoso – 18 SCRA 155 [1966] (appellate conclusions: ultimate facts)*
293 People v. Bravo – 227 SCRA 285 [1993] (selective finding of facts)
294 Hernandez v. CA – 208 SCRA 429 [1993] (narration by Sol.-Gen.)
295 *Francisco v. Permskul – 173 SCRA 324 [1989] (memorandum decision)*
296 People v. Landicho – 258 SCRA 1 [1996] (sufficient decision)
297 People v. Co – 245 SCRA 733 [1995] (summary of evidence of opposing sides)
298 People v. Macoy – 275 SCRA 1 [1997] (assigned errors)
299 ABD v. NLRC – 286 SCRA 454 [1998] (new rules on procedure)
300 People v. Gastador – GR 123727 [April 14, 1999] (assessment of evidence)
301 People v. Ordonez - GR 129593, July 10, 2000
302 People v. Orbita - GR 136591, July 11, 2002
Lorbes v. CA - 351 SCRA 716 (no violation)
303 People v. Mendoza - GR 143702, Sept. 13, 2001 (amended upon MR)
304 Asia Traders v. CA – 423 SCRA 114 [2004]
305 Tichangco v. Enriquez – 433 SCRA 324 [2004]
306 Ceferina Lopez Tan v. Spouses Antazo - GR 187208, 23 February 2011.
307 Donnina C. Halley v. Printwell, Inc. - GR 157549, 30 May 2011.
308 Hon. Waldo Q. Flores v. Atty. Antonio F. Montemayor - GR 170146, 08 June 2011. (Reiterating
Solid Homes v. Laserna. Sec 14, Art VIII applies only to the Judiciary.)
309 *Deutsche Bank v. CIR, GR 188550, August 28, 2013 (applies only to decisions and not minute
resolutions) (supra Art II, Sec 2)
B. Insufficient
310 People v. Escober – 157 SCRA 541 [1988] (no details/specification)
311 Nicos v. CA – 206 SCRA 127 [1992] (no statement of support)
312 People v. Viernes – 262 SCRA 641 [1996] (reliance of prosecution)
313 People v. Bugarin – 273 SCRA 384 [1997] (rules on criminal procedure)
314 People v. Nadera - 324 SCRA 490 [2000]
315 Madrid v. CA - GR 130683, May 31, 2000
316 Yao v. CA - GR 132428, October 24, 2000
317 People v. Dumaguing - GR 135516, September 20, 2000
318 Ong Chiu Kwan - GR 113006, November 23, 2000
319 Spouses Yu Eng Cho v. Pan American World Airways, Inc. - GR 123560, March 27, 2000
320 Kao v. C.A. G- .R. No. 105014, December 18, 2001 (BOI)
321 People v. Pastor - 379 SCRA 181 (2002)
322 People v. Lizada - GR 143468, Jan. 24, 2003
323 Consing v. CA – 425 SCRA 192 [2004]
324 Velarde v. SJS – 428 SCRA 283 [2004]
325 Report on the Judicial Audit (MTC of Tambulig) – 472 SCRA 419 [2005]
326 Lacurom v. Tienzo – 535 SCRA 252 [2007] (memorandum decision)
327 *Salazar v. Marigomen – 537 SCRA 25 [2007]
328 De la Pena v. CA – 579 SCRA 396 [2009]
329 Office of the President and PAGC v. Calixto R. Cataquiz - GR 183445, 14 September 2011.
330 Republic of the Philippines (University of the Philippines) v. Legaspi - GR 177611, 18 April 2012.
II. Legal basis must be stated if a petition for review or motion for reconsideration of a decision
shall be refused due course or denied
331 Borromeo v. CA – 186 SCRA 1 [1990] (minute resolution)
332 JRB Realty v. CA – 271 SCRA 229 [1997] (SEC findings)
333 Komatsu v. CA – 289 SCRA 604 [1998] (dismissal of 2nd M.R.)
334 Martinez v. CA, GR 123547, May 21, 2001 (void)
335 Protacio v. Laya – 582 SCRA 417 [2009]
336 Nationwide Security and Allied Services, Inc. v. Ronald P. Valderama - GR 186614, 23 February
2011(Reiterating Philippine Health Care Providers, Inc. v. CIR.)
337 Re: Verified Complaint of Engr. Oscar L. Ongjoco - A.M. OCA IPI No. 11-184-CA-J, 31 January
2012.
338 Agoy v. Araneta Center, GR 196358, 21 March 2012 (Reiterating Borromeo v. CA)
Section 15
339 Dizon v. Judge Lopez – 278 SCRA 483 [1997] (service of copy of decision)
340 Mosquera v. Legaspi, AM RTJ-99-1511, July 10, 2000
341 OCA v. Salva, AM RTJ-98-1412, July 19, 2000
342 Dela Cruz v. Bersamira, AM RTJ-00-1567, July 24, 2000
343 Heirs of Sucaldito v. Cruz, AM RTJ-991456, July 27, 2000
344 Sulla v. Ramos, AM-MTJ-00-1319, September 27, 2000
345 Seares v. Salazar, AM MTJ-98-1160, November 22, 2000
346 Gil v. Janolo, AM RTJ-00-1602, December 5, 2000
347 Aslarona v. Echavez, AM RTJ-03-1803, Oct. 2, 2003
348 Unitrust Dev’t Bank v. Caoibes, AM RTJ-03-1745, Aug, 20, 2003
349 Re: Request of Judge Javellana, AM 01-6-314-RTC, June 19, 2003
350 Salud v. Alumbres, AM RTJ- 00-1594, June 20, 2003
351 Samson v. Mejia, AM RTJ-02-1710, June 17, 2003
352 OCA v. Judge Busamante, AM No. MJJ-12-1806, April 7, 2014
353 Marcelo v. Judge Pictay, AM MTJ-13-1838, March 12, 2014
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE IX CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS
1 Sabili v. Comelec - GR 193261, 24 April 2012 (power to promulgate own rules on pleadings and
practice before it)
2 Dumarpa v. COMELEC, GR. 192249, April 2, 2013 (power to promulgate rules on pleadings and
practice before)
3 Trade and Investment Development Corp. v. CSC – (supra., A6, S.1) 691 SCRA 384 (rule- making
authority limited to implementation of laws)
4 *Funa v. Chairman, CSC, GR 191672, November 25, 2014.
5 Fil. Engr. & Machine Shop v. Ferrer – 135 SCRA 25 [1985] (final orders reviewable by SC)*
6 Saligumba v. CA – 117 SCRA 669 [1982] (extent of SC’s review power)
7 PTTC v. COA –146 SCRA 190 [1986] (extent of SC’s review power)
8 Cua v. COMELEC – 156 SCRA 582 [1987] (valid decision – no need for unanimity, majority vote
only)
9 Mison v. COA – 187 SCRA 445 [1990] (COA as collegial body)
10 Paredes v. COMELEC –127 SCRA 653 [1984] (factual findings of COMELEC binding on SC in
certiorari proceedings)
11 Ambil v. Comelec - GR 143398, October 25, 2000 (judicial review)
12 ABS-CBN v. Comelec - 323 SCRA 811 (judicial review)
13 Salva v. Makalintal - GR 132603, September 18, 2000 (judicial review)
14 Maria Laarni L. Cayetano v. Comelec - GR 193846, 12 April 2011 (Reiterating Ambil v. Comelec:
"the Court can only review via certiorari a decision, order, or ruling of the COMELEC en banc in
accordance with Section 7, Article IX-A of the Constitution.")
15 *Gualberto J. Dela Llana v. The Chairperson, Commission on Audit, GR 180989, 07 February
2012. (decisions and orders of the COA reviewable by the court via a petition for certiorari refer to the
COA’s quasi-judicial capacity not its quasi-legislative or rule-making powers)
16 Cagas v. COMELEC – 663 SCRA 644 [2012]

17 Sevilla v. COMELEC, G.R. 203833, March 19, 2013 (majority vote of all its members)

18 Reblora v AFP, GR 195842, June 18, 2013


19 Sahali v. COMELEC – 688 SCRA 552 (only final decisions of COMELEC subject to SC judicial review
in election cases within the original exclusive jurisdiction of COMELEC)
20 *Diocese of Bacolod v. COMELEC (supra. Art 2, Sec. 26)
21 Fortune Life and General Insurance v. COA – 748 SCRA 286
22 *Querubin v. COMELEC, GR 218787, December 8, 2015
23 Tolentino v. COMELEC, GR 218536, January 26, 2016
24 *Gaminde v. COA, GR 140335, December 13, 2000*
25 CSC v. DBM – 482 SCRA 233
26 Cuevas v. Bacal - GR 139382, December 6, 2000
27 *MWSS v. Hernandez –143 SCRA 602 [1986] (GOCC’s with charter and created by special law)
28 NSC v. NLRC – 168 SCRA 122
29 UP v. Regino –221 SCRA 598 [1993]
30 Mateo v. CA – 247 SCRA 284 [1995]
31 DOH v. NLRC – 251 SCRA 700 [1995]
32 Juco v. NLRC – 277 SCRA 528 [1997]
33 Felciano v. Gison – 629 SCRA 103 [2010]
34 *BLISS v. Callejo – 237 SCRA 271 [1994] (par. 1; GOCC’s without charter and created under
corporation code)*
35 Postigo v. Philippine Tuberculosis Society – 479 SCRA 628
36 LRTA v. Venus – 485 SCRA 301
37 Trade and Investment Devt Corp v. CSC, GR 182249, March 5, 2013 (includes GOCC as part of
civil service) (supra Art VI, Sec 1)
38 *Torres v. De Leon, GR. 199440, January 18, 2016
39 HIGC v. CSC – 220 SCRA 148 [1993] (requirements in appointments)
40 Mauna v. CSC – 232 SCRA 388 [1994] (limitation on CSC’s power of appointment)
41 Rimonte v. CSC – 244 SCRA 498 [1995]
42 Gloria v. De Guzman – 249 SCRA 126 [1995] (other factors for appointment)
43 Atty. Elias Omar A. Sana v. Career Executive Service Board - GR 192926, November 15, 2011
(Pres. GMA's EO 883 and Pres. Aquino's subsequent revocation of EO 883 by EO 3)
44 *Samson v. CA – 145 SCRA 654 [1986] (positions in competitive service)
45 Astraquillo v. Manglapus –190 SCRA 280 [1990] (non-competitive position)
46 Office of the President v. Buenaobra – 501 SCRA 302
47 Borres v. CA – 153 SCRA 120 [1987] (confidential positions)
48 *Grino v. CSC – 194 SCRA 458 [1991] (test of confidentiality of positions)
49 Santos v. Macaraig – 208 SCRA 74 [1992] (security of tenure in confidential positions)
50 Hilario v. CSC – 243 SCRA 206 [1995]
51 Rosete v. CA – 264 SCRA 147 [1996] (loss of confidence)
52 *CSC v. Salas – 274 SCRA 414 [1997] (nature of duties determinative of the confidentiality of
position)*
53 *Achacoso v. Macaraig –195 SCRA 235 [1991] (temporary appointments)
54 Felix v. Buenaseda – 240 SCRA 139 [1995]
55 Pamantasan ng Maynila v. CSC – 241 SCRA 506 [1995] (union busting – illegal cause for
dismissal)
56 Province of Camarines Sur v. CA – 246 SCRA 231 [1995] (effect of passing civil service exam. on
temporary appointees)
57 PEZA v. Mercado – 614 SCRA 683 [2010]
58 CSC v. CA – 635 SCRA 749 [2010]
59 De Castro v. Carlos – 696 SCRA 400 [ ] (assistant general manager within career executive service
; lacking eligibility)
60 Luego v. CSC – 143 SCRA 327 [1986] (authority limited to reviewing appointments in light of Civil
Service Law)
61 Pangilinan v. Maglaya – 225 SCRA 511 [1993] (security of tenure in permanent appointees)
62 *Santiago v. CSC – 178 SRA 733 [1989] (“next in rank rule” not mandatory)
63 Montecillo v. Civil Service Commission - G.R. No. 131954, June 28, 2001 (classifying positions in
non-career service)
64 Gatmaitan v. Gonzales – 492 SCRA 591 (reassignment)
65 Nieves v. Blanco – 673 SCRA 638 [2012]
66 Binamira v. Garrucho – 188 SCRA 154 [1990] (par. 2) (designation by Dept. Sec.)
67 *Hernandez v. Villegas – 14 SCRA 544 [1965] (loss of confidence as ground for termination –
expiration of term not removal from office)*
68 *Briones v. Osmeña – 104 PHIL. 588 [1958] (abolition in good faith)*
69 Eugenio v. CSC – 243 SCRA 196 [1995] (office created by law can only be abolished thru a law)
70 Romualdez-Yap v. CSC – 225 SCRA 285 [1993] (reorganization in good faith)
71 DTI v. CSC – 227 SCRA 199 [1993] (reorganization not in good faith)
72 Fernandez v. Sto. Tomas – 242 SCRA 192 [1995] (reorganization as management prerogative of
CSC)
73 Chato v. Natividad – 244 SCRA 787 [1995] (reorganization as cause provided by law amount to
reassignment)
74 Divinagracia v. Sto. Tomas – 244 SCRA 595 [1995] (arbitrary transfer without just cause)
75 Vinzons-Chato v. Zenarosa - GR 120539, October 20, 2000
76 De Guzman v. Comelec - GR 129118, July 19, 2000
77 Padolina v. Fernandez - GR 133511, October 10, 2000
78 Cuevas v. Bacal - GR 139382, December 6, 2000
79 Mayor v. Macaraig – 194 SCRA 672 [1991] (no retroactive effect of new eligibility qualifications)
80 Canonizado v. Aguirre, 323 SCRA 312 [2001]
81 Salvador v. CA, GR 127501, May 5, 2000
82 Enrique v. CA – 229 SCRA 180 [1994] (par. 3) (concurrent jurisdiction in disciplinary matters)
83 CSC v. Magnaye – 619 SCRA 347 [2010] (par. 3) (right to due process)
84 Rubenecia v. CSC – 244 SCRA 640 [1995] (par. 3) (right to due process)
85 PCSO Board of Directors v. Marie Jean C. Lapid - GR 191940, 12 April 2011
86 Chua v. CSC – 206 SCRA 65 [1992]
87 NLTD v. CSC – 221 SCRA 145 (security of tenure)
88 Cabagnot v. CSC – 223 SCRA 59 (security of tenure)
89 Marohombsar v. CA - GR 126481, February 18, 2000
90 Ong v. OP – 664 SCRA 413 [2012]
91 Santos v. Yatco – 106 PHIL 21
92 People v. De Venecia – 14 SCRA 864 [1965]
93 SSS Employees v. CA – 175 SCRA 686 [1989]
94 Bangalisan v. CA – 276 SCRA 557 [1997]
95 Jacinto v. CA – 281 SCRA 557 [1997]
96 De la Cruz v. CA – 305 SCRA 303
97 *GSIS v. Kapisanan - 510 SCRA 622 (no strike)
98 *Gloria v. CA - GR 119903, August 15, 2000
99 Light Railway Transit Authority v. Salvaña, GR 192074, June 10, 2014
100 *Flores v. Drilon – 223 SCRA 568 [1993] (supra, Art. 7, Sec. 13; prohibition against designation of
elective officer during tenure)
101 RE: Gross Violation of Civil Service Law on the Prohibition Against Dual Employment and Double
Compensation in the Government Service Committed by Mr. Eduardo V. Escala, SC Chief Judicial Staff
Officer, Security Division, Office of Administrative Services., A.M. No. 2011-04-SC, 05 July 2011.

102 La Carlota City, Negros Occidental v. Rojo - GR 181367, 24 April 2012 (prohibition against
designation of elective officer during tenure)
103 Posadas v. Sandiganbayan, GR 168951 and 169000, July 17, 2013 9prohibition to holding any
other office or position in the govt) Chancellor of U.P. appointed as Director of Technology
Management Center ; invalid
104 Saduesta v. Municipality of Surigao – 72 PHIL. 482 [1941] (specific authority from law to review
additional compensation)
105 Peralta v. Mathay – 38 SCRA 296 [1971] (purpose of prohibition; public office is a public trust)
106 NEA v. CSC – 611 SCRA 14 [2010] (double compensation)
107 Yap v. COA – 619 SCRA 154 [2010] (double compensation)
108 Sergio I. Carbonilla, et al. v. Board of Airlines, GR 193247, September 14, 2011. (overtime pay,
travel and meal allowances paid after regular office hours do not constitute double compensation)
109 PEZA V. COA -675 SCRA 513 [2012]
110 Dimagiba v. Espartero – 676 SCRA 420 [2012]
111 Ocampo v COA, GR 188716, June 10, 2013 (retiree receiving pension can continue to receive the
same even if he accepts another govt office or position)
112 Matibag v. Benipayo – 380 SCRA 49
113 *Cayetano v. Monsod – 201 SCRA 210 [1991] (meaning of practice of law)*
114 Brillantes v. Yorac – 192 SCRA 358 [1990] (appointment in temporary / acting capacity)
115 Afiado v. Comelec - GR 141787, September 18, 2000 (power to enforce; recall)
116 Columbres v. Comelec - GR 142038, September 18, 2000 (power to enforce; recall)
117 Sahali v. Comelec - GR 134169, February 2, 2000 (power to enforce; recall)
118 Claudio v. Comelec - GR 140560, May 4, 2000 (power to enforce; recall)
119 De Guzman v. Comelec - GR 129118, July 19, 2000 (power to enforce; recall)
120 Social Weather Stations, Inc. v. COMELEC - G.R. No. 147571, May 5, 2001
121 Information Technology Foundation v. Comelec - GR 159139, Jan. 13, 2004
122 Buac v. Comelec - 421 SCRA 92
123 Capalla v. COMELEC – 673 SCRA 1 [2012]
124 Dumarpa v. COMELEC, GR. 192249, April 2, 2013(supra Art IX-A, Sec 6)
125 Flores v. COMELEC – 184 SCRA 484 [1990] (brgy. elections appeal to COMELEC)
126 Galido v. COMELEC – 193 SCRA 78 [1991] (jurisdiction of SC over COMELEC’s decision
127 Mercado v. BES – 243 SCRA 422 [1995] (SK elections)
128 Relampagos v. Cumba – 243 SCRA 690 [1995] (power to issue writs of certiorari, prohibition and
mandamus)
129 People v. Delgado – 189 SCRA 715 [1990] (COMELEC subject to authority of trial judge)
130 Garces v. CA – 259 SCRA 99 [1996] (adjudicatory / quasi-judicial power)
131 Zarate v. Comelec and Lallave – GR 129096 [November 19, 1999] (division before en banc)
132 Regalado v. CA - GR 115962, February 15, 2000 (questions affecting elections)
133 Faelnar v. People - GR 140850-51, May 4, 2000 (questions affecting elections)
134 Tan v. Comelec - GR 148575, Dec. 10, 2003
135 Alauya v. Comelec - GR152151, Jan. 22, 2003
136 Cipriano v Comelec - GR 158830, Aug 10, 2004
137 People v. Basilla – 179 SCRA 87 [1989] (power to deputize fiscal)
138 DP v. Comelec, GR 161265, Feb. 24, 2004
139 *Atienza v. COMELEC – 612 SCRA 761 [2010]
140 Lokin v. COMELEC – 674 SCRA 538 [2012]
141 Dayao v. COMELEC, GR 193643, Jan 29, 2013 (power to review and cancel registration) (supra
Art VI, sec 5)
142 Alcantara v. COMELEC, GR 203646, April 16, 2013 (power to register political parties)
143 Senior Citizens Party-list v. COMELEC (power to register party-list)
144 People v. Inting – 187 SCRA 788 [1990] (power to conduct preliminary investigation)
145 Corpus v. Tanodbayan – 149 SCRA 281 [1987] (exclusive jurisdiction to investigate and prosecute
election offenses)
146 COMELEC v. Silva – 286 SCRA 177 [1998] (power to conduct preliminary investigation and to
prosecute)
147 Comelec v. Hon. Espanol - GR 149164, Dec. 10, 2003
148 *Arroyo v. DOJ – 681 SCRA 181 [2012]
149 Pangilinan v. COMELEC – 228 SCRA 36 [1993] (jurisdiction over pre-proclamation controversies)
150 Sarmiento v. Comelec – 212 SCRA 307 [1992] (COMELEC en banc authority on MR)
151 Carnicosa v. COMELEC – 282 SCRA 512 [1997] (Division- hear and decide cases, en banc – MR)
152 Ramas v. COMELEC – 286 SCRA 189 [1998] (writ of execution)
153 Garvida v. Sales – 271 SCRA 767 [1997] (division only can hear and decide cases)
154 Velayo v. Comelec - GR 135613, March 9, 2000
155 Sebastian v. Comelec - GR 139573-75, March 7, 2000
156 Soller v. Comelec - GR 139853, September 5, 2000
157 Barroso v. Ampig, et al. - GR 138218, March 17, 2000
158 Maruhom v. Comelec - GR 139357, May 5, 2000
159 Balindong v. Comelec - GR 153991-92, Oct. 16, 2003
160 Jaramilla v. Comelec - GR 155717, Oct. 23, 2003
161 Bautista v. Comelec - GR 154796-97, Oct. 23, 2003
162 De Llana v. Comelec - GR 152080, Nov. 28, 2003
163 Repol v. Comelec - GR 151418, Apr. 28, 2004
164 Pedragoza v. COMELEC – 496 SCRA 513
165 Cayetano v. COMELEC – 479 SCRA 514
166 Munoz v. COMELEC – 495 SCRA 407
167 Tan v. COMELEC – 507 SCRA 352
168 Enriquel v. COMELEC – 613 SCRA 809
169 Mendoza v. COMELEC – 616 SCRA 443
170 Maria Laarni L. Cayetano v. Comelec - GR 193846, 12 April 2011 (also in Sec 7, Art IX-A):
171 Jalosjos v. COMELEC, GR 205033, June 18, 2013 (motion for reconsideration should be decided
en banc)
172 Sanidad v. COMELEC – 181 SCRA 529 [1990] (no power to regulate media practitioners during
plebiscite)
173 NPC v. COMELEC – 207 SCRA 1 [1992] (power to supervise franchises)
174 Osmeña COMELEC – 199 SCRA 750 [1991] (regulation of media to ensure equal opportunity)
175 Telecom v. COMELEC – 289 SCRA 337 [1998] (supra, Art. 8, Sec. 1 and Sec. 5; grant free time
during election period)
176 Bankers Association v. COMELEC, GR 206794, November 26, 2013 (Money Ban Resolution-
power of COMLEC over BSP)

177 Diocese of Bacolod v. COMELEC (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 26)


178 1-UTAK v. COMELEC, GR 206020, April 14, 2015
179 *Risos-Vidal v. COMELEC and Estrada (supra., Art. 7, Sec. 19)

180 *GMA Network v. COMELEC and Cayetano, GR 205357, September 2, 2014
181 Tecson v. Comelec - 423 SCRA 277
182 *Mison v. COA – 187 SCRA 445 [1990] (COA as collegial body)
183 Funa v. COA, GR 192791, 24 April 2012 (promotional appointments; nothing in Sec. 1(2), Article
IX(D) explicitly precludes a promotional appointment from Commissioner to Chairman)
184 *Blue Bar Coconut Phil. Tantuico – 163 SCRA 716 [1988] (post-audit authority)*
185 DBP v. COA – 231 SCRA 202 [1994] (post-audit authority)
186 Eslao v. COA – 236 SCRA 161 [1994] (limitations to post-audit authority)
187 J.F.F. Manacop v. CA – 266 SCRA 235 [1997] (limitations to post- audit authority)
188 Polloso v. Gangan - GR 140563, July 14, 2000 (prevention of unnecessary expenses)
189 Uy v. COA - GR 130685, March 21, 2000 (prevention of unnecessary expenses)
190 Aguinaldo v. Sandiganbayan – 265 SCRA 121 [1996] (independent administrative ruling)
191 DBP v COA - 422 SCRA 459. [2004] (SLP)
192 Home Dev’t Mutual Fund v. COA, GR 142297, June 15, 2004.
193 DBP v. COA – 498 SCRA 537 [2006]
194 Nava v. Palattao – 499 SCRA 745 [2006]
195 Gualberto Dela Llana v. Commission on Audit - GR 180989, 07 February 2012
196 Candelario L. Versoza, Jr. v. Guillermo N. Carague - GR 157838, 07 February 2012.
197 Philippine Coconut v. Republic – 663 SCRA 514 [2012]

198 Funa v. MECO, G.R. 193462, February 2, 2014 (supra., A8, S.5)

199 *Law Firms v. COMELEC, GR 213330, November 19, 2015 (hiring of law firm unauthorized)
200 Caltex v. COA – 208 SCRA 726 [1992] (audit power)
201 Mamaril v. Domingo – 227 SCRA 206 [1993] (audit power)
202 Philippine Airlines v. COA – 245 SCRA 39 [1995] (power over GOCC)
203 CIR v. COA – 218 SCRA 203 [1993] (independent commission, not an executive agency)
204 CSC v. Pobre - GR 160568, Sept 15, 2004
205 Luciano Veloso, et al. v. Commission on Audit - GR 193677, 06 September 2011.
206 Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. Commission on Audit - GR 177131, 07 June 2011.
207 De la Llana v. COA -665 SCRA 176 [2012]

208 Maritime Industry v. COA – 745 SCRA 3001
209 POI v. Aud. Gen. – 94 PHIL. 868 [1953-1954] (power to settle accounts)*
210 ICNA v. Republic – 21 SCRA 40 [1967] (power to act on specific debt claim)*
211 Dingcong v. Guingona – 162 SCRA 782 [1988] (power to disapprove payment)
212 NHC v. COA – 226 SCRA 55 [1993] (power to disapprove funds)
213 Euro-Med v. Prov. of Batangas – 495 SCRA 30 [2006]
214 Ocampo v. COA – 698 SCRA 136

215 Daraga Press v. COA – 751 SCRA 393
216 Danville Maritime v. COA – 175 SCRA 701 [1989] (power to determine meaning of public
bidding)
217 The Special Audit Team v. CA, GR 174788, April 11, 2013 (power to define the scope of its audit
and examination)
218 Leycano v. COA – 482 SCRA 215
219 NCMH v. COA – 265 SCRA 390 [1996] (discretion to most competent people)
220 Ramos v. Aquino – 39 SCRA 256 [1971]
221 Salva v. Carague – 511 SCRA 258 (on personal liability)
222 City of Basilan v. Hechanova – 58 SCRA 711 [1974] (city council with no power to abolish COA
position)
223 Dimapilis- Baldoz v. COA, GR 199114, July 16, 2013 (COA has authority to determine the legality
of expenditure) 9supra Art II, Sec 27)
224 Luciano Veloso v. Commission on Audit - GR 193677, 06 September 2011.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE X LOCAL GOVERNMENT

1 *San Juan v. CSC 196 SCRA 69 [1991]
2 Drilon v. Lim – 235 SCRA 135 [1994] (supervision)
3 Judge Leynes v. COA - GR 143596, Dec. 11, 2003
4 CREBA v. Sec. of DAR – GR 183409, June 18, 2010
5 Camp John Hay Devt. Corp. v. Central Board of Assessment Appeals, GR 169234, October 2, 2013
6 Imbong v. Ochoa, GR 204819, April 8, 2014 (RH law) (supra Art II, Sec 12)

7 Belgica v. Ochoa, GR 208556, 19 November 2013 (PDAF)


8 *City of General Santos v. COA, GR 199439, April 22, 2014
9 Demaala v. COA, (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 25)

10 Paje v. Casiño (supra., Art 2, Sec. 16); Art. 6, Sec. 5(2); Art. 8, Sec. 5 (5)
11 SJS v. Lim, GR 187836, November 25, 2014 (Pandacan depot)
12 Garcia v. COMELEC – 227 SCRA 100 [1993] (recall of governor)
13 Malonzo v. COMELEC – 269 SCRA 380 [1997] (recall of mayor)
14 Malonzo v. Zamora - 323 SCRA 875 (recall)
15 Demaala v. COA (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 25)

16 Jalover v. Osmeña, GR 209286, Sept. 23, 2014 (Residency)
17 Ganzon v. CA – 200 SCRA 271
18 Joson v. Torres – 290 SCRA 279 (supra, Art. 7, Sec. 17) (disciplining v. investigative authority)
19 Bito-Onon v. Fernandez – 350 SCRA 732
20 National Liga v. Paredes – 439 SCRA 130 [2004]
21 SJS v. Atienza – 545 SCRA 92 [2009]
22 *Province of Negros Occidental v. COA – 631 SCRA 431 [2010]
23 League of Province of the PH v. DENR, GR 175368, April 11, 2013 (general supervision of the
President)
24 Republic v. Bayao, GR 179492, June 5 , 2013 (general supervision of the President)
25 LTO v. City of Butuan - 322 SCRA 805
26 Acebedo Optical v. CA - GR 100152, March 31, 2000
27 Lina v. Pano - G.R. No. 129093, August 30, 2001
28 PLDT v. City of Davao - GR 143867, March 25, 2003
29 *Film Devt. Council of PH v. SM Prime Holdings, INC., GR 197937, April 3, 2013 (power to tax of
LGU)
30 Pelizloy Realty Corp v. Province of Benguet, GR 183137, April 10, 2013 (Congress limitation)
31 Ruzol v Sandiganbayan, GR 186739-960, April 17, 2013 (power to create source of revenue and
levy fees)
32 Smart Communications v. Municipality of Malvar, GR 204429, Feb 18, 2014 ((power to create
source of revenue and levy fees)
33 Deamaala v. COA (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 25)

34 La Suerte v. CA (supra., Art. 6, Sec. 28(2) (double taxation)
35 Pimentel v. Aguirre – GR 132988, July 19, 2000
36 Province of Batangas – 429 SCRA 736 [2004]
37 *Alternative Center v. Zamora – 459 SCRA 578 [2005]
38 League of Cities v. Comelec - GR 176951, 15 February 2011, 12 April 2011
39 *Villafuerte v. Robredo, GR 195390, December 10, 2014
40 *Mandanas v. Executive Secretary Ochoa, GR 199802, July 3, 2018 (Computation of Just Share)
41 David v. COMELEC – 271 SCRA 90 [1997] (term of brgy. officials)
42 *Borja v. COMELEC – 295 SCRA 157
43 *Adormeo v. COMELEC – 376 SCRA 90
44 *Socrates v. COMELEC – GR 154152, November 12, 2002
45 *Latasa v. Comelec, GR 154829, Dec. 10, 2003
46 *Ong. V. Alegre – 479 SCRA 473
47 Rivera v. COMELEC – 523 SCRA 41
48 Monteban v. COMELEC – 551 SCRA 50 [2008]
49 Laceda v. Lumena – GR 182867, November 25, 2008
50 *Dizon v. COMELEC – 577 SCRA 589 [2009]
51 *Bolos v. COMELEC – 581 SCRA 786 [2009]
52 *Aldovino v. COMELEC – 609 SCRA 234 [2009]
53 *Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines, GR 196271, February 2012
(reconsideration; holdover provision in RA 9054 unconstitutional, as Congress in passing RA 10153 has
made clear).
54 *Abundo v. COMELEC, GR 201716, Jan 8, 2013 (rules regarding the three-term limit)
55 *Naval v. COMELEC, GR 207851, July 8, 2014
56 *Tan v. COMELEC – 142 SCRA 727 [1986] (creation of a province)
57 Tobias v. Abalos – 239 SCRA 106 [1994] (metes and bounds)
58 Mun. of Jimenez v. Judge Baz – 265 SCRA 182 [1996] (de jure corporation)
59 Cawaling v. COMELEC – GR 146319, October 26, 2001 (supra)
60 *League of Cities v. COMELEC – GR 176951, 177499, 178056, February 15, 2011 and April 12,
2011 (Final Resolution)
61 *Navarro v. Exec. Sec. Ermita – GR 180050, April 12, 2011 (Dinagat Island)
62 Cagas v. COMELEC, GR 209185, October 25, 2013 (conducrt of plebiscite)
63 *Umali v. COMELEC, GR 203974, April 22, 2014 (conduct of plebiscite; Cabanatuan City as HUC)
64 *MMDA v. Garin – GR 130230, April 15, 2005(no authority to confiscate driver’s license)
65 Pimentel v. Ochoa -696 SCRA 551 (2012)
66 Disomangcop v. Sec. of DPWH - GR 149848; Nov. 25, 2004
67 Datu Zaldy Uy Ampatuan v. Hon. Ronaldo Puno, GR 190259, June 7, 2011.
68 (Proclamation 1946 and AOs 273 and 273-A do not violate the principle of local autonomy under
Section 16, Article X of the Constitution, and Section 1, Article V of the Expanded ARMM Organic Act)

69 Kulayan v. Tan -675 SCRA 482 [2012] (state of emergency proclaimed by Governor due to
kidnapping ; call out AFP ; no power ; can’t create civilian emergency force)
70 Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines - GR 196271, October 18, 2011. (the framers
decided to reinstate the provision in order to make it clear, once and for all, that these are the limits of
the powers of the autonomous government; those not enumerated are actually to be exercised by the
national government; the autonomy granted to the ARMM cannot be invoked to defeat national policies
and concerns. Since the synchronization of elections is not just a regional concern but a national one,
the ARMM is subject to it; the regional autonomy granted to the ARMM cannot be used to exempt the
region from having to act in accordance with a national policy mandated by no less than the
Constitution)
71 *Abbas v. COMELEC – 179 SCRA 287 [1989] (ARMM)
72 *Ordillos v. COMELEC – 192 SCRA 100 [1990] (CAR)
73 *Badua v. CBA – 194 SCRA 101 [1991] (tribal courts)
74 Atitiw v. Zamora – 471 SCRA 329 [2005]
75 Sema v. COMELEC – GR 177597, July 16, 2008
76 *Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Panel (supra. A7, Sec. 1)
77 Datu Michael Abas Kida v. Senate of the Philippines - GR 196271, February 2012. (means that
only amendments to, or revisions of, the Organic Act constitutionally-essential to the creation of
autonomous regions – i.e., those aspects specifically mentioned in the Constitution which Congress
must provide for in the Organic Act – require ratification through a plebiscite)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE XI ACCOUNTABILITY OF PUBLIC OFFICERS
1 Hipolito v. Mergas – 195 SCRA 6 [1991] (moonlighting)
2 Bornasal, Jr. v. Montes – 280 SCRA 181 [1997] (unauthorized acts)
3 Almario v. Resus – AM No. P941076 [November 22, 1999]
4 Juan v. People, GR 132378, January 18, 2000
5 Re: AWOL of Antonio Makalintal - AM 99-11-06-SC, February 15, 2000
6 Estrella v. Sandiganbayan - GR 125160, June 20, 2000
7 Malbas v. Blanco - A.M. P-99-1350, December 12, 2001
8 Manaois v. Leomo - AM MTJ-03-1492, Aug. 26, 2003
9 Re: Mr. Gideon Alibang - AM 2003-11-SC June 15, 2004
10 ABAKADA v. Purisima – 562 SCRA 251 [2008]
11 Salumbides v. OMB - GR 180917, April 23, 2010
12 Belgica v. Ochoa, GR 208566, November 19, 2013
13 Office of the Court Admin v. Buencamino, AM P-05-2051, January 21, 2014
14 Office of the Ombudsman v. CA – 452 SCRA 714 [2005] (exclusive list)
15 *In re Gonzales – 160 SCRA 771 [1988] (disbarment against an impeachable public officer)* read
with
16 Marcoleta v. Brawner – 582 SCRA 474 [2009])
17 Romulo v. Yñiguez – 141 SCRA 260 [1986] (Presidential impeachment)
18 *Estrada v. Desierto, GR 146738, March 2, 2001 and MR-GR 146710-15, April 3, 2001 (judgment
in impeachment)
19 *Francisco v. HR – GR 160261, November 10, 2003
20 *Gutierrez v. House of Representatives – GR 193459, February 15, 2011
21 Nuñez v. Sandiganbayan – 111 SCRA 433 [1982] (creation of Sandiganbayan)
22 *Lecaros v. Sandiganbayan – 128 SCRA 324 [1984] (crimes in relation to public offfice)*
23 Cunanan v. Arceo – 242 SCRA 88 [1995] (averment of the nature of the crime committed)
24 Binay v. Sandiganbayan – GR No. 120681-83 (October 1, 1999)
25 Mayor Layus v. Sandiganbayan – GR 134272, December 8, 1999
26 Abbot v. Mapayo, GR 134102, July 6, 2000
27 Baluyot v. Hulganza, GR 136374, February 9, 2000
28 Garcia v. Ombudsman, GR 127710, February 16, 2000
29 Lapid v. CA, GR 142261, June 29, 2000
30 Tirol v. COA, GR 133954, August 3, 2000
31 Mamburao v. Ombudsman, GR 139141-42, November 15, 2000
32 Salvador v. Desierto, 420 SCRA 76 (Ombudsman’s discretion on w/n a criminal case should be
filed.)
33 Biraogo v. PTC – (supra., A7)
34 *Zaldivar v. Sandiganbayan – 160 SCRA 843 [1988] (powers)
35 Quimpo v. Tanodbayan – 146 SCRA 137 [1986] (jurisdiction)
36 Acop v. Ombudsman – 248 SCRA 566 [1995] (prosecutory powers: distinction in preliminary
investigation and duty to investigate)
37 Camanag v. Hon Guerrero – 268 SCRA 473 [1997] (powers as ‘provided by law’)
38 Macalinao v. Sandiganbayan – 376 SCRA 452
39 Office of the Ombudsman v. Valera – 471 SCRA 715 [2005]
40 Perez v. Sandiganbayan – 503 SCRA 252
41 Calingin v. Desierto – 529 SCRA 720 [2007]
42 Lazatin v. Desierto – 588 SCRA 285 [2009]
43 OMB v. CSC – 528 SCRA 535 [2007]
44 *Almonte v. Vasquez – 244 SCRA 286 [1995] (form and manner of complaint – unsigned letter)
45 Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
46 Bautista v. Sandiganbayan, GR 136082, May 12, 2000
47 Roxas v. Vasquez, G.R. No. 114944, June 19, 2001
48 Kara-an v. Ombudsman, GR 119990, June 21, 2004
49 People v. Sandiganbayan – 451 SCRA 413 [2005]
50 Laxina v. Ombudsman – 471 SCRA 542 [2005]
51 Gemma P. Cabalit v. Commission on Audit-Region VII - GR 180236, January 17, 2012 January 17,
2012 (power of the Ombudsman to determine and impose administrative liability is mandatory)
52 *Gonzales III v. OP -679 SCRA 614 [2012] (Luneta Siege)
53 *Gonzales III v. OP, GR 196231 January 28, 2014 (President’s disciplinary authority over OMB
and his Deputies)
54 *Cruz v. Sandiganbayan – 194 SCRA 474 [1991] (concurrent jurisdiction with PCGG)
55 Maceda v. Vasquez – 221 SCRA 464 [1993] (Judiciary, supra Art. 8)
56 Macalino v. Sandiganbayan – 376 SCRA 452
57 Honasan v. Panel of Investigating Prosecutors - GR 159747, Apr. 13, 2004
58 Samson v OMB - GR 117741, Sept. 29, 2004
59 Corpuz v. Sandiganbayan - GR 162214, Nov. 11, 2004
60 Khan v. OMB – 495 SCRA 452
61 OMB v. Estandarte – 521 SCRA 155 [2007]
62 *Salvador v. Mapa – 539 SCRA 34 [200] (no power to decide const’l. questions)
63 OMB v. Masing – 542 SCRA 253 [2008]
64 Medina v. COA – 543 SCRA 684 [2008]
65 Borja v. People – 553 SCRA 250 [2008]
66 Biraogo v. PTC – (supra.)
67 Ombudsman v. Chavez, GR 172206, July 3, 2013 (power to promulgate own rules)
68 Ampil v. Ombudsman, GR 192685, July 31, 2013
69 *Hernandez v. Ombudsman, GR 197307, Feb 26, 2014 (power of the OMB to dismiss v. power to
recommend the removal)
70 Alejandro v. OMB Fact-Finding Bureau – 695 SCRA 35 (jurisdiction over administration cases of
elective officials)
71 *Carpio-Morales v. CA – 774 SCRA 431 (condonation doctrine abandoned)
72 *Buenaseda v. Flavier – 226 SCRA 645 [1993] (when to suspend)
73 Hagad v. Gozo-Dadole – 251 SCRA 243 [1995] (nature)
74 Vasquez v. Hobilla-Alinio – 271 SCRA 67 [1997] (not in relation to duties)
75 *Ledesma v. CA – 465 SCRA 437 (2005) (the “recommendarory” function of OMB does not divest
Congress of plenary legislative power to vest OMB powers beyond the Constitution)
76 OMB v. CA – 491 SCRA 92
77 Estorja v. Ranada – 492 SCRA 652
78 OMB v. Madriaga – 503 SCRA 631
79 OMB v. CA – 507 SCRA 593
80 OMB v. Lucero – 508 SCRA 593
81 Balbastro v. Juinio – 527 SCRA 680 [2007]
82 OMB v. CA – 527 SCRA 798 [2007]
83 COA – 529 SCRA 245 [2007]
84 OMB v. Santiago – 533 SCRA 305 [2007]
85 Marohomsalic v. Cole – 547 SCRA 98
86 OMB v. Lisondra – 548 SCRA 83
87 Miro v. Abugan – 549 SCRA 34
88 Gobenciong v. CA – 550 SCRA 502 [2008]
89 Cesa v. OMB – 553 SCRA 357
90 OMB v. De Sahagun – 562 SCRA 122
91 OMB v. Samaniego – 564 SCRA 502
92 Boncalon v. OMB – GR 171812, December 24, 2008
93 OMB v. Beltran – 588 SCRA 574 [2009]
94 *OMB v. Apolonio - GR 165132, March 7, 2012 (power to directly impose administrative
penalties, including removal from office)
95 OMB v. Quimbo – 751 SCRA 632 (2015)
96 Natividad v. Felix – 229 SCRA 680 [1994] (amount)
97 *Lastimosa v. Vasquez – 243 SCRA 497 [1995] (prosecutor’s assistance)*
98 *Presidential v. Desierto – 528 SCRA 20 [2007]*
99 Busuego v. Office of Ombudsman, GR 196842, October 9, 2013 (concurrent jurisdiction to
investigate offenses)
100 Raro v. Sandiganbayan, GR 108431, July 14, 2000
101 Serapio v. Sandiganbayan, GR 148468, Jan. 28, 2003
102 Heirs of Gregorio Licaros v. SB, GR 157438, Oct. 18, 2004
103 Presidential Ad Hoc Fact-Finding Committee on Behest Loans v. Honorable Aniano A. Desierto as
Ombudsman, GR 135715, 13 April 2011.
104 *Caasi v. CA – 191 SCRA 229 [1990] (foreign citizen)
105 Sampayan v. Daza – 213 SCRA 807 [1992] (foreign citizen)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE XII NATIONAL PATRIMONY
1 Sta. Rosa Mining v. Leido – 156 SCRA 1 [1987] (mining claims)
2 San Miguel Corporation v. CA – 185 SCRA 722 [1990] (possession in the concept of an owner)
3 Republic v. Bantigue Point Development Corporation - GR 162322, 14 March 2012 (burden on
applicant to prove land sought to be registered is alienable or disposable based on a positive act of the
government)
4 Heirs of Malabanan v. Republic, GR 179987, September 3, 2013 (only agricultural lands can be
alienated)
5 Miners v. Factoran – 240 SCRA 100 [1995] (jura regalia)
6 Tano v. Socrates – 278 SCRA 154 [1997] (subsistence fishermen)
7 Villaflor v. CA – 280 SCRA 297 [1997] (private ownership)
8 Republic v. CA and RREC – GR 103882 [November 25, 1998] 299 SCRA 199
9 Republic v. Rosemoor Mining and Dev’t Corp. - GR 149927, Mar. 30, 2004, Art. XII
10 Alvarez v. PICOP – 606 SCRA 444 [2009]
11 *IID v. PSALM -682 SCRA 602 [2012]
12 Land Mgt. Bureau v. CA - GR 112567, February 7, 2000
13 Republic v. De Guzman - GR 105630, February 23, 2000
14 Pua v. CA, GR 134992 - November 20, 2000
15 Cruz v. Sec. of DENR - GR 135385, December 6, 2000
16 Chavez v. PEA - GR 133250, July 9, 2002
17 *La Bugal-B’laan v. Ramos - GR 127872, Dec. 1, 2004*
18 Dipidio v. Gozun – 485 SCRA 586
19 Chavez v. NHA – 530 SCRA 235 [2007]
20 Republic v. Vda. De Jason, GR 163767, March 10, 2014(State ownership)
21 Republic v. Remman Enterprises, GR 199310, February 19, 2014 (burden of proof)
22 *Narra Nickel v. Redmont Consolidated, GR 195580 , January 28, 2015
23 *Resident Marine Mammals v. Sec. Reyes – 756 SCRA 513
24 Dir. of Lands v. Aquino – 192 SCRA 296 [1990] (power to classify)
25 Republic v. CA – 160 SCRA 228 [1988] (conversion of land by perfection of a mining claim)
26 *Dir. of Lands v. IAC – 146 SCRA 509 [1986] (right of corporations to acquire land)*
27 Chavez v. PEA - supra.
28 Republic v. Southside – 502 SCRA 587
29 Republic v. T.A.N – 555 SCRA 477 [2008]
30 Fortuna v. Republic, GR 173423, March 5, 2014
31 *Cruz v. Sec. of DENR - GR 135385, December 6, 2000
32 Paje v. Casiño (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 16; Art. 6, Sec. 5(2); Art. 8, Sec. 5(5) and, Art. 10, Sec. 2)
33 Telebap v. COMELEC – 289 SCRA 337 [1998] (supra, Art. 8, Sec. 1 and Sec. 5, and Art. 9-C, Sec. 4)
(social function of the use of property)
34 *Ramirez v. Vda. De Ramirez – 111 SCRA 704 [1982] (usufruct)
35 *Halili v. CA – 287 SCRA 465 [1998] (subsequent sale to Filipinos)
36 Lee v. Republic, G.R. No. 128195, October 3, 2001 (reiterates previous ruling)
37 Lentfer v. Wolff – 441 SCRA 584 [2004]
38 Muller v. Muller – 500 SCRA 65
39 Ting Ho v. Teng – 558 SCRA 421 [2008]
40 Hulst v. PR Builders – 566 SCRA 333 [2008]
41 *Osmena v. Osmena – 611 SCRA 164 [2010]
42 Beurmer v. Amores - 686 SCRA 770 [2012]
43 Republic v. Huang Te Fu, GR 200983, March 18, 2015
44 *Republic v. CA – 235 SCRA 567 [1994] (citizenship at time of acquisition)
45 *Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS – 267 SCRA 408 [1997] (national patrimony)
46 *Army and Navy v. CA – 271 SCRA 36 [1997] (historical landmark)
47 Tañada v. Angara – 272 SCRA 18 [1997] (supra, Art. 2, preliminary issue, Sec. 2, and Sec. 19, and
Art. 7, Sec. 21) (preference for Filipinos)
48 Republic v. CA, 299 SCRA 199
49 J.G. Summit Holdings v. CA, GR 124293, November 20, 2000
50 *Knights of Rizal vs. DMCI (Torre de Manila), GR 213948, April 25, 2017
51 Bagatsing v. Committee – 246 SCRA 344 [1995] (definition of public utility)
52 Albano v. Reyes – 175 SCRA 264 [1989] (power to grant franchise)
53 Tatad v. Garcia – 243 SCRA 436 [1995] (franchise to operate)
54 Telebap v. COMELEC – 289 SCRA 337 [1998] (supra, Art. 8, Sec. 1 and Sec. 5, and Art. 9-C, Sec. 4
and Art. 12, Sec. 6) (amendment to franchise)
55 Republic v. Express Telecom, 373 SCRA 316
56 Del Mar v. Pagcor, [2001]
57 PTC v. NTC, GR 138295, Aug. 28, 2003
58 Royal Cargo Corp v. CAB - 421 SCRA 21- participation of executive and managing officers in
governing body of public utility enterprise
59 Metropolitan v. Adala – 526 SCRA 465 [2007]
60 *Francisco v. TRB – 633 SCRA 470 [2010]*
61 *Wilson P. Gamboa v. Finance Secretary Margarito B. Teves - GR 176579, 28 June 2011.
62 Express Investment vs. Bayantel – 687 SCRA 50 (2012)
63 Hontiveros-Baraquel v. TRB (supra; Art. 7, S. 20)
64 Tañada v. Angara – 272 SCRA 18 [1997] (supra, Art. 2, preliminary issue, Sec. 2 and Sec. 19, and
Art. 7, Sec. 21 and Art. 12, Sec. 10) (Filipino first policy)
65 Espina v. Zamora – 631 SCRA 17
66 NDC v. PVB – 192 SCRA 257 [1990] (creation of GOCC)
67 Boy Scouts of the Philippines v. COA, GR 177131, 07 June 2011.
68 Mendoza v. COA, GR 195395, September 10, 2013 (GOCC special charter)
69 Agan Jr. v. PIATCO- 420 S 575 [2004]
70 *David v. Arroyo – (supra. A7, Sec. 18)
71 Republic v. PLDT – 26 SCRA 620 [1968] (national welfare and power of eminent domain)
72 PLDT v. NTC – 190 SCRA 717 [1990] (economic efficiency)
73 PLDT v. Eastern Telecom – 213 SCRA 16 [1992] (no franchise to operate telephone system)
74 Tatad v. DOE – 281 SCRA 330 [1997] and MR – 282 SCRA 337 [1997] (supra, Art. 6, Sec. 1 & Art.
8, Sec.1 )
75 EASCO v. LTFRB - GR 149717, Oct. 7, 2003
76 Agan Jr. v. PIATCO - supra
77 *Avon v. Luna – 511 SCRA 376
78 Pharmaceutical v. Duque – (supra.)
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ARTICLE XVI GENERAL PROVISIONS

1 Liang v. People, GR 125865, January 28, 2000
2 Calub v. CA, GR 115634, April 27, 2000
3 Lansang v. CA, GR 102667, February 23, 2000
4 Mancenido v. CA, GR 118605, April 12, 2000
5 Shell v. Jalos – 630 SCRA 399 [2010]
6 China National Machinery & Equipment Corp. v. Santamaria - GR 185572, February 7, 2012
(Revisits and reiterates several cases: GTZ v. CA, Holy See v. Rosario, DFA v. NLRC.)
7 Santos v. Santos – 92 PHIL. 281 [1952-1953]
8 Republic v. Feliciano – 148 SCRA 424 ]1987]
9 *Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzons (2005) –
10 Metran v. Paredes – 79 PHIL. 819 [1947-1948]
11 NAC v. Teodoro – 91 PHIL. 203 [1952]
12 *Mobil Philippines v. Customs Arrastre – 18 SCRA 1120 [1966]
13 *Del Mar v. PVA – 51 SCRA 340[1973]
14 CAA v. CA – 167 SCRA 28 [1988]
15 Farolan v. CTA – 217 SCRA 217 [1993]
16 PNR v. IAC – 217 SCRA 401 [1993]
17 Republic v. Nolasco – 457 SCRA 460 [2005]
18 Republic v. Unimex – 518 SCRA 20 [2007]
19 Professional Video v. TESDA – 591 SCRA 83 [2009]
20 DOH v. Phil Phramaceuticals – 691 SCRA 421 [ ]
21 *Ministerio v. CFI – 40 SCRA 464 [1971]
22 *Syquia v. Almeda-Lopez – 84 SCRA 312[1978]
23 Festejo v. Fernando – 94 SCRA 504 [1979]
24 Aberca v. Ver – 160 SCRA 590 [1988]
25 Shauf v. CA – 191 SCRA 713 [1990]
26 Vidad v. RTC – 227 SCRA 271 [1993]
27 Regional Director v. CA – 229 SCRA 557 [1994]
28 Africa v. PCGG/Villanueva v. Sandiganbayan – [January 1992]
29 DOH v. Phil. Pharmawealth – 518 SCRA 240 [2007]
30 Baer v. Tizon – 57 SCRa 1 [1974]
31 US v. Ruiz – 136 SCRA 487 [1985]
32 Sanders v. Veridiano – 162 SCRA 88 [1988]
33 U.S. v. Reyes – 219 SCRA 192 [1993]
34 *The Holy See v. Rosario – 238 SCRA 524 [1994]
35 JUSMAG v. NLRC – 239 SCRA 224 [1994]
36 Larkins v. NLRC – 241 SCRA 598 [1995]
37 *Minucher v. CA – GR 142396, Feb. 11, 2003
38 *Arigo v. Swift, GR 206510, September 16, 2014 (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 2)
39 *Carabao v. Agricultural Product Com. – 35 SCRA 224 [1970]*
40 Arcega v. CA – 66 SCRA 230 [1975]
41 Rayo v. CFI – 110 SCRA 456 [1981]
42 Municipality of San Fernando v. Firme – 195 SCRA 692 [1991]
43 Republic v. NLRC – 263 SCRA 290 [1996]
44 *DOH v. Canchela – 475 SCRA 218 [2005]
45 *United States v. Guinto – 182 SCRA 644 [1990]
46 Fontanilla v. Maliaman – 194 SCRA 486 [1991]
47 PRC v. CA – 256 SCRA 667 [1996]
48 *Republic v. Purisma – 78 SCRA 470 [1977]
49 Santiago v. Republic – 87 SCRA 294[1978]
50 Traders Royal Bank v. IAC – 192 SCRA 305 [1990]
51 Republic v. Sandoval – 220 SCRA 124 [1993]
52 Delos Santos v. IAC – 223 SCRA 11 [1993]
53 DA v. NLRC – 227 SCRA 693 [1993]
54 EPG v. Sec. of DPWH – 354 SCRA 566 [2001]
55 Philrock v. Board of Liquidators – 180 SCRA 171 [1989]
56 Liang v. People – GR 125865 [January 28, 2000] (ADB immunity)
57 Republic v. Hidalgo – 477 SCRA 12 [2005] (writ of execution)
58 *Philippine Agila v. Lichauco – 489 SCRA 22 [2006]
59 Curato v. PPA – 590 SCRA 215 [2009]
60 U.P. v. Dizon -679 SCRA 54 [2012]
61 Carpio v. Executive Secretary – 206 SCRA 290 [1992]
62 IBP v. Zamora, GR 141284, August 15, 2000
63 Re: Application for Survivorship pension benefits under RA 9946, AM 14155-Ret, November 19,
2013 (state’s duty to upgrade pensions and other benefits)
64 Paje v. Casiño (supra., Art. 2, Sec. 16; Art. 6, Sec. 5(2), Art. 8, Sec. 5(5); Art. 10, Sec 2)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE XVII AMENDMENTS AND REVISION

1 Imbong v. COMELEC – 35 SCRA 28 [1970] (constituent assembly)*
2 *Defensor-Santiago v. COMELEC – 270 SCRA 106 [1997] and MR – [1997] (initiative and
referendum)*
3 *Lambino v. COMELEC – 505 SCRA 160*
4 Gonzales v. COMELEC – 21 SCRA 774 [1967] (nature of power to amend the Constitution)*
5 Tolentino v. COMELEC – 41 SCRA 702 [1971] (single election)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE XVIII TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
1 MMDA v. Bel-Air Village Association, GR 135962, March 27, 2000
2 Dario v. Mison – 176 SCRA 84 [1989] (reorganization)
3 Mendoza v. Quisumbing – 186 SCRA 108 [1990]
4 Ontiveros v. C.A., G.R. No. 145401, May 7, 2001
5 *Bayan v. Zamora, GR 138570, October 10, 2000
6 Joya v. PCGG – 225 SCRA 568 [1993]
7 *Republic v. Sandiganbayan – 221 SCRA 189 [1993] (powers of PCGG)
8 Cojuangco v. Roxas – 195 SCRA 797 [1991] (vote of sequestered shares)
9 Araneta v. Sandiganbayan – 242 SCRA 482 [1995] (investigate/prosecutory powers)
10 Romualdez v. Sandiganbayan – 244 SCRA 152 [1995] (authority over ill-gotten wealth)
11 Republic v. Sandiganbayan – 240 SCRA 376 [1995] (judicial action)
12 Republic v. Sandiganbayan – 255 SCRA 438 [1996] (proper parties)
13 Republic v. Sandiganbayan – 258 SCRA 685 [1996] (powers of commissioners)
14 Republic v. Sandiganbayan – 269 SCRA 316 [1997] (rules)
15 PCGG v. Sandiganbayan – GR 125788 [June 5, 1998] (proper parties)
16 Republic v. Saludares, 327 SCRA 449
17 Jalandoni v. Sec. of Justice, GR 115239-40, March 2, 2000
18 Antiporda v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 116941, May 31, 2001
19 PCGG v. Sandiganbayan - G.R. Nos. 119609-10, September 21, 2001
20 Palm Avenue v. Sandiganbayan, GR 173082, August 6, 2014
21 De Leon v. Esquerra – 152 SCRA 602 [1987] (ratification)