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  • RC Decay

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    Aiv Dee
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    Rc

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    RC-Decay

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    0 vues12 pages

    RC Decay

    Transféré par

    Aiv Dee
    Rc

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 12
    191 Capacitors and RC Decay 1 9 ‘The laws governing the rate of charging and discharging of a capacitor will be studied and applied to the measurement of capacitance. Introduction A capacitor is essentially a charge storing device. Ifa charge +Q is added to one plate of a capacitor and a charge -Q to the other, the resuling potentiat difference V besween the plates is proportional to Q. This relationship may be expressed in the form: o=cv » where C scales the capacitance of the eapactor. In SLunis (Q in coulombs, V in volts) the unit of capacitance is ihe faad abbreviated F). Howover, te farad is an extremly large unit of capacitance and most commonly used capacitors are measured in microfarads (1 uF = 10°F) or even picofarads (pF = 10". Paralfel and Series Capacitors two capacitors with capacitance values C, and C, are connested in parallel, as shown in Fig. 1, the combined capacitance C, of thls parallel combination is given by Ce 4cy 2 if C, and C, are instead connected in series (Fig. 2), the combined capacitance combination is given by the expression ofthis series or 2 We shall est dese relations for parallel and series connection af capacitors, using the properties of resistance/capaciance circuits to measure capacitance, 19:2__Invoductny Phys Beoimens cy nae ° > —{e-— ¢ C2 Figure 1: Capactors connected in parallel. c, cy Cy He + Figure 2: Capacitors connected in series. B, The RC Circuit ‘Shown in Fig, 3 are acapactor and resistor connected ina crcult containing also aDC voltage source (output voltage V,), 2 switch (§) and voltmeter (V) > DC Spr] iy oc Figure 3: Resistonce-Capacitance Circuit We shall examine the voltage whichis developed across the capaftor when the switch is closed inthe circuit, frst at termingl a" and then a terminal "D" Capacitor Charging ‘When the swich is connected to terminal "a", the resistor and expacitor are connected tothe [DC vokage Supply and a current i flows inthe circuit which serves to charge the capacitor. IF we ‘denote the voltages aero the resistor and capacitor by V, and Y., respectively then La V AV, “The charge builds up on the capacitor ata ate which is governed by an exponential lw and is given by: Q= CV, (he) ‘where ¢ (=2,718..) isthe base of natural logarithms. This: voltage V, across the capacitor 25a function of time, since 30 Heads directly to an expression forthe V.= IC = ve") 4 A plot of either Qor V, agains time will have the same general shape, as shown in Fig, 4 for the voltage, We og te aRe Vs lle 1 RC (ORY, 2 2RC ORES, 3 RC O880v, 4c ose, Om Pigure 4: Copactor charging Since te exponent (

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