HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT own Introduction Need Development of AM systems Year of Inception Technology > AM process chain Impact of AM on Product Development 17 ‘Mechanization a sj err PRapld Tealng 1960 Fist Commercial aser PRPOAM 1961 ‘First Commercial Robot 1963, ‘First Interactive Graphics System > Classification of AM processes 9 faane 1968 Fist Commercial RPT syste > Applications ‘Thee Phases of development lading to Rapid Protyping FIRST PHASE : MANUAL PROTOTYPING ‘icatic ee OR a Fundamental Fabrication Processes ‘snd tings > Subtractive: Removal of material Ml ing Dag. > Additive: Addition of material Layer byl Solid, sis ‘inc Aide Kensie omaive Mts eo applied ona macral sos to form it idistigeADDITIVE MANUFACTURING * Addtive Manufacturing (AM) refers to process by which digital 3D design dataisused to buildup a componentin ayersby depositing atrial ‘The tem AM encompasses many technologies incding subsets like 3D Printing, Rapid Protyping (RP), Dire Digital Manufacturing, (DDN), layered manufacturingand additive fabrication *AM application is Timiess. Early use of AM in the form of Rapid Proetyping focused on preproduction visualization models, Moe rey, AM jis being. used to fabricate end-use products in areal, dental ‘restorations, motical implants automobiles, and even fashion products. lg. ange ce ue Evolution of AM ‘Technologies Current and Potential industries for Additive Manufacturing -AMapplatinstineline ‘istindelysctpt prt tei nen depen asp m am ape 25 neds ms resale iL zag net ‘52am 207 ade 252 toneca pe B22 tubo mma a2 _hutetyonee Saul adem gregAdditive Manufacturing Process Chain ‘Thebight Sepsin Aditve Manu, *ConetnalztonandCAD *ConvesontoSTUAME Traseran mangulatonofSTLAM leon AM machine Step 1: CAD AM parte must start from a roftware model that fully describes the ‘external geometry. This can involve the ute of almost any professional CAD solid modeling software, but the output must be & 3D solid oF surface representation. Reverse engineering equipment (a, laser and optical seanning) can also be used to create this representation Fig. The eight stags of the AM proces ‘Step 2 CAD Model into STL Format ‘STL utes triangles to describe the surfaces to be built, Each triangle {is described as thos points and a facet normal vector indicating the ‘outward side ofthe tiene,