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Introduction to
to
Hydraulic
Hydraulic Systems
Systems
Course Outline:
• Course Objective
• ISO Symbols & Terminology
• Hydraulic Circuits
• AC Wagner Applications
Course Objectives:
Tank
Basic
Basic
Symbol
Symbol
Rules
Rules
Basic Valves
Ports
A B
T P
Internal Flow Paths
A B
Typical Flow
P T
of a
Three
Position
Valve A B
P T
Basic
Basic
ISO
ISO
Symbols
Symbols
ISO Symbols
Double, Mechanical
Connections
Line Crosser
ISO Symbols
Conditioning Apparatus,
Filter, Cooler, etc.
Spring
Flow Direction
ISO Symbols
Check Valve
ISO Symbols
Shuttle Valve
Electrical Line
ISO Symbols
Hydraulic Reservoir
Hydraulic Accumulator
ISO Symbols
Arrows
Fixed displacement
compressor with one direction
of flow
Advanced ISO Symbols
Single Acting Cylinders
• Fluid pressure always acts in
one and the same direction
Returned by a spring
Advanced ISO Symbols
Double Acting Cylinders
• Fluid pressure operates
alternately in both directions
Rod End
Typical Dump
Cylinder Pictorial
Ports
Base End
Advanced ISO Symbols
Telescopic Cylinders
Single Acting
Double Acting
Advanced ISO Symbols
Pressure Intensifiers
Pneumatic pressure
“X” is transformed
X Y into a higher
pressure “Y”
Pneumatic pressure
“X” is transformed into
X Y a higher hydraulic
pressure “Y”
Advanced ISO Symbols
Directional Control Valves
--controlled by a solenoid
with return spring and an
intermediate position
Advanced ISO Symbols
Directional Control Valves
Detailed symbol--variations in
inlet pressure do not affect the
rate of flow
Detailed Symbol
EF CF
P R
Pictorial
EF CF
Advanced ISO Symbols
Flow Control Valves
• Shut-Off Valves
Simplified Symbol
Detailed Symbol
Pictorial
Advanced ISO Symbols
Sources of Energy
M Electric Motor
Advanced ISO Symbols
Flow Lines and Connections
Lines connected
Pressurized Reservoir
Advanced ISO Symbols
Accumulators
Spring loaded
Gas charged
Advanced ISO Symbols
Filters, Strainers, and Coolers