E c o n o m i c &

S o c i a l
A f f a i r s
International Migration Report 2009:
A Global Assessment

United Nations
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 ST/ESA/SER.A/316
December 2011

Department of Economic and Social Affairs

Population Division

International Migration Report 2009:

A Global Assessment

United Nations
DESA
The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital
interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and
national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles,
generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and
information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems
and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many
intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global
challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating
policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at
the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities.

Note
The designations employed in this report and the material presented in it do not imply the
expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations
concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or
concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures.

This publication has been issued without formal editing.

Suggested citation:

United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011).
International Migration Report 2009: A Global Assessment (United Nations, ST/ESA/SER.A/316).

Copyright © United Nations 2011

All rights reserved
Printed in the United Nations, New York
 PREFACE

The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) of the
United Nations Secretariat is responsible for providing the international community with up-to-date and
objective information on population and development. The Population Division provides guidance to the
United Nations General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Population
and Development on population and development issues. The Division also undertakes regular studies on
population levels, trends and dynamics, including trends of international migration, changes in population
policies and the interrelationships between population and development.

In the area of international migration, the Population Division estimates the global number of
international migrants at regular intervals, monitors levels, trends and policies of international migration,
and collects and analyses information on the relationship between international migration and
development. The Migration Section also convenes the interagency coordination meeting on international
migration and organizes expert group meetings. As part of its monitoring activities, the Migration Section
within the Population Division maintains the United Nations Global Migration Database, which contains
the most complete set of statistics on international migrants enumerated in the countries or areas of the
world and classified by country of birth or citizenship, sex and age. On behalf of DESA, the Migration
Section participates in the interagency Global Migration Group (GMG). The Section also services the
intergovernmental process on international migration and development at the General Assembly and acts
within the Secretariat as the focal point for the State-led Global Forum on Migration and Development
(GFMD).

This report presents information on international migration levels, trends and legal instruments
for major areas, regions and countries of the world. The data for the international migrant stock are taken
from the publication Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision. The estimates on the total
population, net migration and the projected population up to 2050 are based on World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. For the first time, data on international migration flows for a selected
group of countries are included in the analysis. The data come from the dataset International Migration
Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision. The analysis of the ratification status of
migration-related legal instruments for Member States of the United Nations and the International Labour
Organization (ILO) is based on information from the United Nations Treaty Section which can be
accessed at treaties.un.org. For more information on the data and methodology used for calculating the
various indicators used in this report, please see the above-mentioned publications.

Responsibility for this report rests with the Population Division. Preparation of this publication
was facilitated by the ongoing work of the regional commissions, the specialized agencies and other
relevant bodies of the United Nations, in particular the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR), the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The Population Division is also
grateful to the Statistics Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs for its continuing
cooperation.

For further information about this publication, please contact the Population Division, United
Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA by telephone (+1 212) 963-3179, fax (+1 212) 963-2147 or email
(migrationp@un.org). More information on the activities of the Population Division in the area of
international migration can be found at www.unmigration.org.

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 CONTENTS
Page

Preface ................................................................................................................................................. iii

Explanatory notes................................................................................................................................. xii
Classification of countries or areas by major areas and region of the world ....................................... xiv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... xvii

PART ONE. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVELS, TRENDS

AND LEGAL INSTRUMENTS

I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK .............................................................................................. 1

II. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS—SELECTED COUNTRIES .................................................. 7
III. NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION .............................................................................................. 16
IV. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION............................................................. 28

PART TWO. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT

AT THE UNITED NATIONS

V. RESOLUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY AND THE ECONOMIC

AND SOCIAL COUNCIL ................................................................................................................ 35
A. 61/208 International migration and development ................................................................. 35
B. 61/515 Summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and
Development: Note by the President of the General Assembly ........................................... 37
C. 62/270 Global Forum on Migration and Development ........................................................ 41
D. 63/225 International migration and development ................................................................. 43
E. Resolution 2006/2 on International migration and development.......................................... 46

PART THREE. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION PROFILES

VI. DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES ....................................................................................................... 53

VII. PROFILES BY MAJOR AREA, REGION AND SPECIAL GROUP ......................................................... 57
World ................................................................................................................................................... 58
More developed regions ............................................................................................................... 59
Less developed regions ................................................................................................................. 60
Least developed countries............................................................................................................. 61
Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries ...................................................... 62
Sub-Saharan Africa....................................................................................................................... 63
Africa ................................................................................................................................................... 64
Eastern Africa ............................................................................................................................... 65
Middle Africa ............................................................................................................................... 66
Northern Africa............................................................................................................................. 67
Southern Africa............................................................................................................................. 68
Western Africa .............................................................................................................................. 69
Asia .................................................................................................................................................... 70
Central Asia .................................................................................................................................. 71
Eastern Asia .................................................................................................................................. 72

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South-Eastern Asia ....................................................................................................................... 73

Southern Asia .............................................................................................................................. 74
Western Asia ................................................................................................................................ 75
Europe .................................................................................................................................................. 76
Eastern Europe .............................................................................................................................. 77
Northern Europe ........................................................................................................................... 78
Southern Europe ........................................................................................................................... 79
Western Europe ............................................................................................................................ 80
Latin America and the Caribbean ........................................................................................................ 81
Caribbean ...................................................................................................................................... 82
Central America ............................................................................................................................ 83
South America .............................................................................................................................. 84
Northern America ................................................................................................................................ 85
Oceania ................................................................................................................................................ 86
Australia and New Zealand .......................................................................................................... 87
Melanesia ..................................................................................................................................... 88
Micronesia .................................................................................................................................... 89
Polynesia ....................................................................................................................................... 90

VIII. PROFILES BY COUNTRY OR AREA ............................................................................................... 91

Afghanistan .......................................................................................................................................... 92
Albania ................................................................................................................................................. 93
Algeria ................................................................................................................................................. 94
American Samoa .................................................................................................................................. 95
Andorra ................................................................................................................................................ 96
Angola .................................................................................................................................................. 97
Anguilla ............................................................................................................................................... 98
Antigua and Barbuda ........................................................................................................................... 99
Argentina ............................................................................................................................................. 100
Armenia ............................................................................................................................................... 101
Aruba ................................................................................................................................................... 102
Australia ............................................................................................................................................... 103
Austria .................................................................................................................................................. 104
Azerbaijan ............................................................................................................................................ 105
Bahamas ............................................................................................................................................... 106
Bahrain ................................................................................................................................................. 107
Bangladesh ........................................................................................................................................... 108
Barbados .............................................................................................................................................. 109
Belarus ................................................................................................................................................. 110
Belgium ................................................................................................................................................ 111
Belize ................................................................................................................................................... 112
Benin .................................................................................................................................................... 113
Bermuda ............................................................................................................................................... 114
Bhutan .................................................................................................................................................. 115
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) ............................................................................................................ 116
Bosnia and Herzegovina ...................................................................................................................... 117
Botswana .............................................................................................................................................. 118

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Brazil .................................................................................................................................................... 119

British Virgin Islands ........................................................................................................................... 120
Brunei Darussalam ............................................................................................................................... 121
Bulgaria ................................................................................................................................................ 122
Burkina Faso ........................................................................................................................................ 123
Burundi ................................................................................................................................................ 124
Cambodia ............................................................................................................................................. 125
Cameroon ............................................................................................................................................. 126
Canada ................................................................................................................................................. 127
Cape Verde........................................................................................................................................... 128
Cayman Islands .................................................................................................................................... 129
Central African Republic ..................................................................................................................... 130
Chad .................................................................................................................................................... 131
Channel Islands .................................................................................................................................... 132
Chile .................................................................................................................................................... 133
China .................................................................................................................................................... 134
China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ............................................................................. 135
China, Macao Special Administrative Region ..................................................................................... 136
Colombia .............................................................................................................................................. 137
Comoros ............................................................................................................................................... 138
Congo ................................................................................................................................................... 139
Cook Islands......................................................................................................................................... 140
Costa Rica ............................................................................................................................................ 141
Côte d’Ivoire ........................................................................................................................................ 142
Croatia .................................................................................................................................................. 143
Cuba .................................................................................................................................................... 144
Cyprus .................................................................................................................................................. 145
Czech Republic .................................................................................................................................... 146
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.............................................................................................. 147
Democratic Republic of the Congo ...................................................................................................... 148
Denmark............................................................................................................................................... 149
Djibouti ................................................................................................................................................ 150
Dominica .............................................................................................................................................. 151
Dominican Republic ............................................................................................................................ 152
Ecuador ................................................................................................................................................ 153
Egypt .................................................................................................................................................... 154
El Salvador ........................................................................................................................................... 155
Equatorial Guinea ................................................................................................................................ 156
Eritrea................................................................................................................................................... 157
Estonia ................................................................................................................................................. 158
Ethiopia ................................................................................................................................................ 159
Faeroe Islands ...................................................................................................................................... 160
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) ................................................................................................................. 161
Fiji ....................................................................................................................................................... 162
Finland ................................................................................................................................................. 163
France................................................................................................................................................... 164
French Guiana ...................................................................................................................................... 165
French Polynesia .................................................................................................................................. 166
Gabon ................................................................................................................................................... 167

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Gambia ................................................................................................................................................. 168

Georgia................................................................................................................................................. 169
Germany............................................................................................................................................... 170
Ghana ................................................................................................................................................... 171
Gibraltar ............................................................................................................................................... 172
Greece .................................................................................................................................................. 173
Greenland ............................................................................................................................................. 174
Grenada ................................................................................................................................................ 175
Guadeloupe .......................................................................................................................................... 176
Guam .................................................................................................................................................... 177
Guatemala ............................................................................................................................................ 178
Guinea .................................................................................................................................................. 179
Guinea-Bissau ...................................................................................................................................... 180
Guyana ................................................................................................................................................. 181
Haiti .................................................................................................................................................... 182
Holy See ............................................................................................................................................... 183
Honduras .............................................................................................................................................. 184
Hungary ............................................................................................................................................... 185
Iceland .................................................................................................................................................. 186
India .................................................................................................................................................... 187
Indonesia .............................................................................................................................................. 188
Iran (Islamic Republic of) .................................................................................................................... 189
Iraq .................................................................................................................................................... 190
Ireland .................................................................................................................................................. 191
Isle of Man ........................................................................................................................................... 192
Israel .................................................................................................................................................... 193
Italy .................................................................................................................................................... 194
Jamaica................................................................................................................................................. 195
Japan .................................................................................................................................................... 196
Jordan ................................................................................................................................................... 197
Kazakhstan ........................................................................................................................................... 198
Kenya ................................................................................................................................................... 199
Kiribati ................................................................................................................................................. 200
Kuwait .................................................................................................................................................. 201
Kyrgyzstan ........................................................................................................................................... 202
Lao People’s Democratic Republic...................................................................................................... 203
Latvia ................................................................................................................................................... 204
Lebanon ............................................................................................................................................... 205
Lesotho................................................................................................................................................. 206
Liberia .................................................................................................................................................. 207
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ....................................................................................................................... 208
Liechtenstein ........................................................................................................................................ 209
Lithuania .............................................................................................................................................. 210
Luxembourg ......................................................................................................................................... 211
Madagascar .......................................................................................................................................... 212
Malawi ................................................................................................................................................. 213
Malaysia ............................................................................................................................................... 214
Maldives............................................................................................................................................... 215

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Mali .................................................................................................................................................... 216

Malta .................................................................................................................................................... 217
Marshall Islands ................................................................................................................................... 218
Martinique ............................................................................................................................................ 219
Mauritania ............................................................................................................................................ 220
Mauritius .............................................................................................................................................. 221
Mayotte ................................................................................................................................................ 222
Mexico ................................................................................................................................................. 223
Micronesia (Federated States of) ......................................................................................................... 224
Monaco ................................................................................................................................................ 225
Mongolia .............................................................................................................................................. 226
Montenegro .......................................................................................................................................... 227
Montserrat ............................................................................................................................................ 228
Morocco ............................................................................................................................................... 229
Mozambique ........................................................................................................................................ 230
Myanmar .............................................................................................................................................. 231
Namibia ................................................................................................................................................ 232
Nauru ................................................................................................................................................... 233
Nepal .................................................................................................................................................... 234
Netherlands .......................................................................................................................................... 235
Netherlands Antilles............................................................................................................................. 236
New Caledonia ..................................................................................................................................... 237
New Zealand ........................................................................................................................................ 238
Nicaragua ............................................................................................................................................. 239
Niger .................................................................................................................................................... 240
Nigeria ................................................................................................................................................. 241
Niue .................................................................................................................................................... 242
Northern Mariana Islands .................................................................................................................... 243
Norway................................................................................................................................................. 244
Occupied Palestinian Territory ............................................................................................................ 245
Oman .................................................................................................................................................... 246
Pakistan ................................................................................................................................................ 247
Palau .................................................................................................................................................... 248
Panama ................................................................................................................................................. 249
Papua New Guinea............................................................................................................................... 250
Paraguay............................................................................................................................................... 251
Peru .................................................................................................................................................... 252
Philippines ........................................................................................................................................... 253
Pitcairn ................................................................................................................................................. 254
Poland .................................................................................................................................................. 255
Portugal ................................................................................................................................................ 256
Puerto Rico........................................................................................................................................... 257
Qatar .................................................................................................................................................... 258
Republic of Korea ................................................................................................................................ 259
Republic of Moldova ........................................................................................................................... 260
Réunion ................................................................................................................................................ 261
Romania ............................................................................................................................................... 262
Russian Federation ............................................................................................................................... 263
Rwanda ................................................................................................................................................ 264

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Saint Helena ......................................................................................................................................... 265

Saint Kitts and Nevis ........................................................................................................................... 266
Saint Lucia ........................................................................................................................................... 267
Saint Pierre et Miquelon ...................................................................................................................... 268
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ........................................................................................................ 269
Samoa................................................................................................................................................... 270
San Marino ........................................................................................................................................... 271
Sao Tome and Principe ........................................................................................................................ 272
Saudi Arabia......................................................................................................................................... 273
Senegal ................................................................................................................................................. 274
Serbia .................................................................................................................................................. 275
Seychelles ............................................................................................................................................ 276
Sierra Leone ......................................................................................................................................... 277
Singapore ............................................................................................................................................. 278
Slovakia ............................................................................................................................................... 279
Slovenia ............................................................................................................................................... 280
Solomon Islands ................................................................................................................................... 281
Somalia ................................................................................................................................................ 282
South Africa ......................................................................................................................................... 283
Spain .................................................................................................................................................... 284
Sri Lanka .............................................................................................................................................. 285
Sudan ................................................................................................................................................... 286
Suriname .............................................................................................................................................. 287
Swaziland ............................................................................................................................................. 288
Sweden ................................................................................................................................................. 289
Switzerland .......................................................................................................................................... 290
Syrian Arab Republic ........................................................................................................................... 291
Tajikistan ............................................................................................................................................. 292
Thailand ............................................................................................................................................... 293
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia ..................................................................................... 294
Timor-Leste.......................................................................................................................................... 295
Togo .................................................................................................................................................... 296
Tokelau ................................................................................................................................................ 297
Tonga ................................................................................................................................................... 298
Trinidad and Tobago ............................................................................................................................ 299
Tunisia ................................................................................................................................................. 300
Turkey .................................................................................................................................................. 301
Turkmenistan ....................................................................................................................................... 302
Turks and Caicos Islands ..................................................................................................................... 303
Tuvalu .................................................................................................................................................. 304
Uganda ................................................................................................................................................. 305
Ukraine................................................................................................................................................. 306
United Arab Emirates .......................................................................................................................... 307
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ...................................................................... 308
United Republic of Tanzania ............................................................................................................... 309
United States of America ..................................................................................................................... 310
United States Virgin Islands ................................................................................................................ 311
Uruguay ............................................................................................................................................... 312
Uzbekistan............................................................................................................................................ 313

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Vanuatu ................................................................................................................................................ 314

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) .................................................................................................... 315
Viet Nam .............................................................................................................................................. 316
Wallis and Futuna Islands .................................................................................................................... 317
Western Sahara .................................................................................................................................... 318
Yemen .................................................................................................................................................. 319
Zambia ................................................................................................................................................. 320
Zimbabwe ............................................................................................................................................ 321

ANNEX

I. STATE PARTIES TO LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELEVANT TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION ............ 325

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 EXPLANATORY NOTES

The following symbols are used in the tables shown in this report:

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available or are not separately reported.
Three dots (…) indicate that the treaty was not ratified.
An em dash (—) indicates that the amount is nil or negligible.
A hyphen (-) indicates that the item is not applicable.
A minus sign (-) before a figure indicates a decrease.
A full stop (.) is used to indicate decimals.
Use of a hyphen (-) between years, for example, 1995-2000, signifies the full period involved, from
1 July of the first year to 1 July of the second year.

Due to rounding, the numbers and percentages displayed in tables may not add up to the
corresponding totals.

The terms “more developed” and “less developed” regions are used for statistical convenience and
do not necessarily express a judgment as to the developmental stage of a particular country or area. Where
appropriate, the term “country” may refer to a territory or area.

More developed regions are comprised of all countries of Europe, Northern America, Australia/New
Zealand and Japan. The term “developed countries” refers to countries in the more developed regions.

Less developed regions are comprised of all countries of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan) and Latin
America and the Caribbean, as well as Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. The term “developing
countries” is used to designate countries in the less developed regions.

The group of least developed countries, as defined by the Committee for Development Policy
(CDP), a subsidiary body of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, currently comprises 48
countries: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central
African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea,
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic,
Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda,
Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste,
Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia.

The designation sub-Saharan Africa refers to countries in Africa except Algeria, Egypt, the Libyan
Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Tunisia and Western Sahara.

Countries and areas are grouped geographically into six major areas: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin
America and the Caribbean, Northern America and Oceania. These are further divided into 21geographical
regions.

Country names and the composition of geographical areas follow those of “Standard country or area
codes for statistical use” (ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/49/Rev.3), available at:
http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm.

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The following abbreviations have been used:

DESA Department of Economic and Social Affairs

EEA European Economic Area
EU European Union
GDP gross domestic product
GFMD Global Forum on Migration and Development
GMG Global Migration Group
ILO International Labour Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
IOM International Organization for Migration
UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees
in the Near East
USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

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 CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES OR AREAS BY MAJOR AREA
AND REGION OF THE WORLD

Africa
Eastern Africa Middle Africa Northern Africa Western Africa
Burundi Angola Algeria Benin
Comoros Cameroon Egypt Burkina Faso
Djibouti Central African Republic Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Cape Verde
Eritrea Chad Morocco Côte d'Ivoire
Ethiopia Congo Sudan Gambia
Kenya Democratic Republic of the Tunisia Ghana
Madagascar Congo Western Sahara Guinea
Malawi Equatorial Guinea Guinea-Bissau
Mauritius1 Gabon Liberia
Mayotte Sao Tome and Principe Mali
Mozambique Southern Africa Mauritania
Réunion Botswana Niger
Rwanda Lesotho Nigeria
Seychelles Namibia Saint Helena2
Somalia South Africa Senegal
Uganda Swaziland Sierra Leone
United Republic of Tanzania Togo
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Asia
Central Asia South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Western Asia
Kazakhstan Brunei Darussalam Afghanistan Armenia
Kyrgyzstan Cambodia Bangladesh Azerbaijan
Tajikistan Indonesia Bhutan Bahrain
Turkmenistan Lao People's Democratic India Cyprus
Uzbekistan Republic Iran (Islamic Republic of) Georgia
Malaysia Maldives Iraq
Myanmar Nepal Israel
Philippines Pakistan Jordan
Singapore Sri Lanka Kuwait
Thailand Lebanon
Timor-Leste Occupied Palestinian
Viet Nam Territory
Eastern Asia Oman
China3 Qatar
China, Hong Kong Special Saudi Arabia
Administrative Region4 Syrian Arab Republic
China, Macao Special Turkey
Administrative Region5 United Arab Emirates
Democratic People's Republic of Yemen
Korea
Japan
Mongolia
Republic of Korea

1
Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon.
2
Including Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.
3
For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include Hong Kong and Macao, Special Administrative Regions (SAR) of China.
4
As of 1 July 1997, Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.
5
As of 20 December 1999, Macao became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China.

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 CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES (continued)

Europe
Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe
Belarus Channel Islands6 Albania Austria
Bulgaria Denmark Andorra Belgium
Czech Republic Estonia Bosnia and Herzegovina France
Hungary Faeroe Islands Croatia Germany
Poland Finland7 Gibraltar Liechtenstein
Republic of Moldova Iceland Greece Luxembourg
Romania Ireland Holy See8 Monaco
Russian Federation Isle of Man Italy Netherlands
Slovakia Latvia Malta Switzerland
Ukraine Lithuania Montenegro
Norway9 Portugal
Sweden San Marino
United Kingdom of Great Serbia
Britain and Northern Slovenia
Ireland10 Spain
The former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia11

Latin America and the Caribbean

Caribbean Central America South America
Anguilla Belize Argentina
Antigua and Barbuda Costa Rica Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Aruba El Salvador Brazil
Bahamas Guatemala Chile
Barbados Honduras Colombia
British Virgin Islands Mexico Ecuador
Cayman Islands Nicaragua Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
Cuba Panama French Guiana
Dominica Guyana
Dominican Republic Paraguay
Grenada Peru
Guadeloupe Suriname
Haiti Uruguay
Jamaica Venezuela (Bolivarian
Martinique Republic of)
Montserrat
Netherlands Antilles
Puerto Rico
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
United States Virgin Islands

6
Refers to Guernsey and Jersey.
7
Including Åland Islands.
8
Refers to Vatican City State.
9
Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.
10
Also referred to as United Kingdom.
11
Also referred to as TFYR Macedonia.

xv
 CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTRIES (continued)

Northern America
Bermuda
Canada
Greenland
Saint Pierre et Miquelon
United States of America

Oceania
Australia/New Zealand Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia
Australia12 Fiji Guam American Samoa
New Zealand New Caledonia Kiribati Cook Islands
Papua New Guinea Marshall Islands French Polynesia
Solomon Islands Micronesia (Federated States of) Niue
Vanuatu Nauru Pitcairn
Northern Mariana Islands Samoa
Palau Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Wallis and Futuna
Islands

12
Including Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Islands.

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The International Migration Report 2009: A Global Assessment, prepared by the Population
Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, is the third
in a series which presents information on international migration levels and trends and the status of
ratification of international legal instruments relevant to international migration as well as related
indicators for major areas, regions and countries of the world.

International migration has moved to the forefront of the national and international agenda. The
United Nations system is addressing the various dimensions of this topic. The United Nations Secretariat
has focused on the collection, analysis and dissemination of information on the levels and trends of
international migration. Other parts of the United Nations system have been concerned with issues such as
migrant rights, human trafficking and the social and economic integration of migrants. In addition,
specialized agencies have focused on topics related to their expertise and mandates, such as labour
migration, refugee protection and remittance flows.

Since 2006, several initiatives have been launched at the global level to enhance the benefits and
to address the challenges posed by international migration. In 2006, the General Assembly convened the
High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, the first high-level event in the United
Nations exclusively devoted to international migration. Participants recognized that international
migration, development and human rights were intrinsically interconnected. They also affirmed that,
provided that international migration was supported by appropriate policies, it could be a positive force for
development in both countries of origin and destination. Following a proposal by the Secretary-General at
that meeting, the Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD) was subsequently created. By
2010, Belgium, the Philippines, Greece and Mexico had hosted the Global Forum on Migration and
Development. This informal, non-binding, voluntary and State-led process fosters practical cooperation
between Governments in order to maximize the developmental benefits of international migration and to
reduce its negative impacts. It does not produce normative decisions or negotiated outcomes. The Special
Representative of the Secretary-General on International Migration and Development, appointed in early
2006, is the main link between the United Nations and the Global Forum process.

In response to the 2005 report of the Global Commission on International Migration (GCIM), the
Secretary-General established the Global Migration Group (GMG) in early 2006. This inter-agency group
brings together heads of agencies to promote the wider application of all relevant international and
regional instruments and norms in relation to migration. The group promotes the adoption of more
coherent, comprehensive and better coordinated approaches to international migration. As of 2011, the
Group consisted of 16 members which has organized joint meetings, produced joint publications and
provided support to the Global Forum.

Since 1994, international migration and development is addressed in the General Assembly’s
Second Committee every two years. Human rights of migrants are a recurrent item on the agenda of the
Assembly’s Third Committee. In its resolution 61/208 of 20 December 2006, reproduced in the back of
this publication, the General Assembly took note of the summary of the High-level Dialogue on
International Migration and Development by the President of the General Assembly, welcomed the
heightened awareness achieved by the High-level Dialogue on the topic and decided to consider, at its
sixty-third session, possible options for appropriate follow-up. It also took note with interest of the
establishment of the Global Migration Group in 2006. Two years later, the General Assembly decided in
its resolution 63/225 of 19 December 2008 to hold another High-level Dialogue during its sixty-eighth
session in 2013 and decided that the focus and modalities of this High-level Dialogue would be decided
during its sixty-seventh session.

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 In 2006, during its thirty-ninth session, the Commission on Population and Development also
addressed international migration and development. Among many other points raised, the Commission
acknowledged the important contribution made by migrants and migration to development in countries of
origin and destination. It also recognized the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional
aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means of
maximizing the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts. The Commission also
requested the Secretary-General to continue his substantive work on international migration and
development.

This report is a direct response to Member States’ request to provide information and analysis on
international migration levels and trends for countries, regions and for the world as a whole. The many
questions arising from growing concerns about international migration, however, have few clear answers
largely because of the lack of accurate and up-to-date information on international migration. The Division
is also working with its counter parts at the international level and countries to raise awareness in this
regard and encourages the collection, tabulation and dissemination of international migration data that is
accessible, comparable, timely and reliable.

The number of indicators in this report is larger in comparison with the previous issue (United
Nations, ESA/P/WP.209), and includes data by sex when possible. For many countries, there is sufficient
information to provide a reasonable basis for the estimation of migrants stocks. For some countries,
however, information is limited or unavailable, and in such cases, imputations were made. Furthermore,
data on citizenship, if available, are used for estimating the numbers of international migrants in the
absence of data on place of birth.

In addition to estimates on the migrant stock, numbers of refugees and workers’ remittances,
population data by sex, are listed. In the Annex, a separate table shows whether a country is party to
international instruments such as the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, both relating to the status of
refugees, the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949) (No. 97), the Convention
concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and
Treatment of Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143) and the 1990 International
Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants and Members of Their Families. The table also
lists the ratification status of the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons,
Especially Women and Children and the 200 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and
Air.
Key findings:
1. By 2010, the estimated number of international migrants was 214 million, an increase of 58
million since 1990. International migrants represented 3.1 per cent of the total world population
in 2010 (table 1).

2. In 2010, more developed regions hosted 60 per cent of the total migrant stock. The growth in the
international migrant stock in more developed regions has been slowing recently and the growth
rate of the migrant stock for less developed regions surpassed the growth rate for more developed
regions for the first time in 2005-2010.

xviii
 TABLE 1. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS AND THEIR PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION
BY DEVELOPMET GROUP AND MAJOR AREA, 1990-2010

International migrants as
Number of international Percentage distribution of percentage of the
migrants (millions) international migrants population
Development group and major area 1990 2010 1990 2010 1990 2010
World ...................................................................................
155.5 213.9 100.0 100.0 2.9 3.1
More developed regions .................... 82.4 127.7 53.0 59.7 7.2 10.3
Less developed regions ..................... 73.2 86.2 47.0 40.3 1.8 1.5
Least developed countries ............. 11.1 11.5 7.1 5.4 2.1 1.3
Africa ...................................................................................
16.0 19.3 10.3 9.0 2.5 1.9
Asia ......................................................................................
50.9 61.3 32.7 28.7 1.6 1.5
Europe ..................................................................................
49.4 69.8 31.8 32.6 6.9 9.5
Latin America and the Caribbean .........................................
7.1 7.5 4.6 3.5 1.6 1.3
Northern America .................................................................
27.8 50.0 17.9 23.4 9.8 14.2
Oceania.................................................................................
4.4 6.0 2.8 2.8 16.2 16.8

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant
Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

3. In 2010, the largest number of international migrants lived in Europe (70 million), followed by
Asia (61 million) and Northern America (50 million). There were 19 million international
migrants living in Africa, seven in Latin America and the Caribbean and six in Oceania. Oceania
had the highest percentage of international migrants relative to the total population (16.8 per
cent), followed by Northern America (14.2 per cent) and Europe (9.5 per cent). In Africa, Asia
and Latin America and the Caribbean, international migrants accounted for less than 2 per cent of
the total population.

4. A relatively small number of countries hosted most of the world’s international migrants in 2010.
Ten countries with the largest number of international migrants accounted for 52 per cent of the
global migrant stock. Twenty per cent of all international migrants were residing in the United
States alone (42.8 million) (table 2).

TABLE 2. TEN COUNTRIES WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN 2010

International migrants as

a percentage of
Cumulative
Migrant stock country’s a percentage of
percentage
Rank Country or area (thousands) population world’s migrants

1. United States of America ...... 42 813 13.5 20.0 20.0

2. Russian Federation ................ 12 270 8.7 5.7 25.7
3. Germany ................................ 10 758 13.1 5.0 30.8
4. Saudi Arabia .......................... 7 289 27.8 3.4 34.2
5. Canada................................... 7 202 21.3 3.4 37.5
6. France .................................... 6 685 10.7 3.1 40.7
7. United Kingdom .................... 6 452 10.4 3.0 43.7
8. Spain ..................................... 6 378 14.1 3.0 46.7
9. India ...................................... 5 436 0.4 2.5 49.2
10. Ukraine .................................. 5258 11.6 2.5 51.7

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

xix
5. In 2010, the number of refugees was estimated at 16.3 million representing 8 per cent of the total
migrant stock in the world. Eighty-six per cent of all refugees in the world, or 14 million, were
residing in less developed regions. Asia hosted by far the largest number of refugees (10.9
million), followed by Africa (2.6 million), Europe (1.6 million), Northern America (0.7 million),
Latin America and the Caribbean (0.5 million) and Oceania (0.1 million).

6. The increase in the global refugee population was concentrated in less developed regions between
2000 and 2010. Asia experienced a 23 per cent increase, whereas Europe’s refugee population
declined by 36 per cent and Africa’s by 28 per cent. The large increase in refugees in Latin
America and the Caribbean was due to the recent inclusion of persons in refugee-like situations in
several countries in the regions, which the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR) had previously not reported as refugees.

7. Female migrants represented almost half of the total international migrant stock in 2010. This
situation has changed very little over the last 20 years. In developed countries, women and girls
accounted for 51.5 per cent of all international migrants in 2010, as were 45.3 per cent in
developing countries.

8. In 2010, female migrants outnumbered male migrants in Europe, followed by Oceania, Northern
America and Latin America and the Caribbean. Men continued to outnumber women in Africa
and Asia.

9. International migration flows to traditional countries of immigration, such as Australia, Canada,

New Zealand and the United States, increased between 1980 and 2008.The United States
admitted the largest number of immigrants in the world, with an average of about 1.1 million
permanent residence permits issued per year between 2005 and 2008. This was followed by
Canada with 250,000 foreigners and 145,000 foreigners and citizens admitted to Australia over
the same period. For New Zealand, the annual inflow of foreigners stood at 60,000 between 2005
and 2008. Over the last 30 years, immigrants from less developed countries accounted for a
growing share of immigrants to Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States.

10. Since the 1980, most countries in Europe have experienced increasing immigration. In addition to
countries in Europe that have attracted immigrants for some time, such as France, Germany and
the United Kingdom, former countries of emigration, such as Italy and Spain, have become
preferred destinations for immigrants from other parts of Europe as well as from developing
countries.

11. Inflows to Europe increased in the late 1980s and 1990s in part due to the fall of the Berlin wall
and the collapse of communism in Eastern and Central Europe which resulted in travel
restrictions being lifted for these countries. Germany was the country most affected by emigration
from Eastern Europe with ethnic Germans moving to Germany in the early 1990s. By 2000, the
inflow from that region had declined. The dissolution of the former USSR also led to significant
movement of populations between successor states. The civil war in the former Yugoslavia
generated large outflows of refugees and asylum seekers between 1990 and 1994.

xx
12. Countries in Northern Europe that used to have low levels of immigration in the past experienced
an increase since the mid-2000s, especially due to the arrival of asylum seekers and refugees.

13. Between 1980 and 2008, the majority of immigrants to Europe came from developed countries,
especially other European countries. In absolute numbers, the inflow of immigrants from less
developed countries was high in France, Germany and the United Kingdom. The numbers
increased for France and the United Kingdom between 1990 and mid-2000, but not for Germany.
The number of immigrants to Italy and Spain from less developed regions also increased.
However, immigration from less developed regions began to stall or decline in mid-2000.

14. Between 1950 and 2010, the more developed regions have been gaining population due to
positive net migration, whereas the less developed regions have been losing population due to
negative net migration. Northern America (1.3 million annually for 2000-2010) and Europe (1.5
million annually) are the major areas currently gaining the most from net immigration, whereas
Asia (1.3 million annually) and Latin America and the Caribbean (1.1 million annually) are losing
the most (table 3).

TABLE 3. ANNUAL NET MIGRATION BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA,

ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-2050

1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010-

Development group or major area
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2050
Annual net migration (thousands)
More developed regions........................ 20 646 1 147 1 507 2 697 2 943 2 401
Less developed regions ......................... - 20 - 646 - 1 147 - 1 507 - 2 697 - 2 943 - 2 401
Least developed countries ................. - 104 - 156 - 473 - 850 - 124 - 395 - 447
Africa .................................................... - 137 - 241 - 296 - 274 - 402 - 521 - 444
Asia ....................................................... 146 23 - 361 - 473 - 1 502 - 1 286 - 1 247
Europe................................................... - 447 27 355 448 952 1 505 964
Latin America and the Caribbean ......... - 67 - 316 - 426 - 784 - 725 - 1 099 - 647
Northern America ................................. 418 398 675 984 1 591 1 286 1 273
Oceania ................................................. 85 109 53 99 86 115 100
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

15. For 2000-2010, the United States followed by Spain and Italy were the top net immigration
countries, whereas Mexico, China and Pakistan were the top net emigration countries. For the
future, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom are projected to be leading the group
of net immigration countries and Mexico, China and India the group of net emigration countries.

16. During 2010-2050, the net number of international migrants to more developed regions is
projected to be 96 million or an average of 2.4 million annually. For the developed world, such a
level of net migration largely offsets the expected excess of deaths over births. Despite continued
positive net migration, however, the surplus in deaths is projected to dominate population change
starting by 2040-2050 leading to overall population decline. For developing countries, the 96
million net emigrants projected for 2010-2050, or 2.4 million annually, represent scarcely 4 per
cent of the expected population growth. Thus, net migration will have little effect on overall
population change in less developed countries.

17. Assuming no migration in the future, the population of developed countries is projected to be 10
per cent smaller in 2050 than for the medium variant projection which assumes that current
(2000-2010) net migration levels remain constant. Given the little effect net migration has on

xxi
 developing countries, their population is projected to be only 2 per cent higher under a zero-
migration scenario.

18. The dependency ratio, or the ratio of the young and old population to the working-age population,
will increase under the zero migration-scenario for more developed regions. For every 10
working adults, there were 4.8 dependent persons in 2010 rising to 7.1 dependent persons in 2050
assuming that current migration trends will continue. Under the zero-migration scenario, the
dependency ratio will increase to 7.6 dependent persons per 10 working adults. There will hardly
be any change in dependency ratios for the less developed regions under the zero-migration
scenario.

19. The status of ratification for international instruments related to international migration, such as
those focusing on human rights and those addressing migrant worker rights, varies by Member
States. Instruments designed to protect refugees and to prevent and prosecute migrant smuggling
and human trafficking have been ratified by more than two-thirds of Member States by 2009,
whereas instruments protecting the rights of migrant workers have been ratified by less than one-
third of Member States, none of which are high-immigration countries.

20. By July 2009, 144 countries or 75 per cent of United Nations Member States had signed the 1951
Refugee Convention and the 1967 Refugee Protocol. The 2000 protocol relating to human
trafficking and the 2000 protocol relating to migrant smuggling, although close to ten years old,
had been ratified by 131 countries (68 per cent) and 119 countries (60 per cent) respectively.
While the trend for the 2000 Human Trafficking Protocol continued to rise, the 2000 Migrant
Smuggling Protocol was falling behind. Lastly, the 1990 Migration Workers Convention, close to
20 years old, had only been ratified by 41 countries or 22 per cent of United Nations Member
States.

21. The countries having ratified the 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of
All Migrants and Members of Their Families collectively hosted 15.3 million international
migrants in 2010, about seven per cent of the global migrant population. None of the States
Parties to the 1990 Convention were major migrant receiving countries, and only five of them
hosted more than one million international migrants.

_____________
REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). International Migration Report 2006:
A Global Assessment. (United Nations database, ESA/P/WP.209).

xxii
 PART ONE:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION LEVELS, TRENDS

AND LEGAL INSTRUMENTS
This page is intentionally left blank
 I. INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

The international migrant stock is a mid-year estimate of the number of people living in a country or
area other than the one in which they were born. Most of the statistics used to estimate the international
migrant stock were obtained from population censuses. Additionally, population registers and nationally
representative surveys provided information on the number and composition of international migrants. The
estimates have been published in Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations
database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

B. GLOBAL TRENDS

In 2010, the number of international migrants in the world was estimated at 214 million, an
increase of 35 million since 2000 and 58 million since 1990. International migrants represented 3.1 per
cent of the total world population, 10.3 per cent of the population in the more developed regions and 1.5
per cent of the population in the less developed regions (table 4). The more developed regions
experienced the largest increase in migrant stock between 1990 and 2010 (45 million or 55 per cent). In
2010, almost 60 per cent of all international migrants were living in the more developed regions
compared to 53 per cent in 1990. In the less developed regions, the migrant stock increased by 13 million
(18 per cent) from 1990 to 2010.

TABLE 4. ESTIMATED NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS

AND THEIR PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION AND SHARE IN THE TOTAL POPULATION, 1990-2010

Number of international Percentage distribution of International migrants as

migrants (millions) international migrants percentage of the population
Development group and major area 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010
World ............................................... 155.5 178.5 213.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.9 2.9 3.1
More developed regions............... 82.4 104.4 127.7 53.0 58.5 59.7 7.2 8.7 10.3
Less developed regions ................ 73.2 74.1 86.2 47.0 41.5 40.3 1.8 1.5 1.5
Least developed countries ....... 11.1 10.9 11.5 7.1 6.1 5.4 2.1 1.6 1.3
Africa ............................................... 16.0 17.1 19.3 10.3 9.6 9.0 2.5 2.1 1.9
Asia .................................................. 50.9 51.9 61.3 32.7 29.1 28.7 1.6 1.4 1.5
Europe.............................................. 49.4 57.6 69.8 31.8 32.3 32.6 6.9 7.9 9.5
Latin America and the Caribbean .... 7.1 6.5 7.5 4.6 3.6 3.5 1.6 1.2 1.3
Northern America ............................ 27.8 40.4 50.0 17.9 22.6 23.4 9.8 12.7 14.2
Oceania ............................................ 4.4 5.0 6.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 16.2 16.1 16.8

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock:
The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

Europe hosted the largest number of international migrants in the world (70 million) in 2010,
representing one-third of the global total. The second largest number of international migrants were in
Asia (61 million), followed by Northern America (50 million), Africa (19 million), Latin America and the
Caribbean (7 million) and Oceania (6 million).

Oceania had the highest percentage of international migrants relative to the total population (16.8
per cent), followed by Northern America (14.2 per cent) and Europe (9.5 per cent). In Africa, Asia and

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 1

International Migration Report 2009
Latin America and the Caribbean international migrants accounted for less than 2 per cent of the total
population.

A relatively small number of countries hosted most of the world’s international migrants (table
5). In 2010, the ten countries with the largest number of international migrants accounted for 52 per cent
of the total international migrant stock; 20 countries hosted two-thirds of all international migrants. In
2010, 20 per cent of all international migrants were residing in the United States of America alone (42.8
million), followed by the Russian Federation (12.3 million) and Germany (10.8 million). Overall, 64
countries hosted more than half a million international migrants in 2010, compared to 57 in 1990.

TABLE 5. TWENTY COUNTRIES OR AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBERS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS IN 2010

International migrants as

a percentage of
Migrant stock country’s a percentage of Cumulative
Rank Country or area (thousands) population world’s migrants percentage

1. United States of America ...... 42 813 13.5 20.0 20.0

2. Russian Federation ................ 12 270 8.7 5.7 25.7
3. Germany ................................ 10 758 13.1 5.0 30.8
4. Saudi Arabia .......................... 7 289 27.8 3.4 34.2
5. Canada................................... 7 202 21.3 3.4 37.5
6. France .................................... 6 685 10.7 3.1 40.7
7. United Kingdom .................... 6 452 10.4 3.0 43.7
8. Spain ..................................... 6 378 14.1 3.0 46.7
9. India ...................................... 5 436 0.4 2.5 49.2
10. Ukraine .................................. 5 258 11.6 2.5 51.7
11. Australia ................................ 4 711 21.9 2.2 53.9
12. Italy ....................................... 4 463 7.4 2.1 56.0
13. Pakistan ................................. 4 234 2.3 2.0 57.9
14. United Arab Emirates ............ 3 293 70.0 1.5 59.5
15. Kazakhstan ............................ 3 079 19.5 1.4 60.9
16. Jordan .................................... 2 973 45.9 1.4 62.3
17. Israel ...................................... 2 940 40.4 1.4 63.7
18. China, Hong Kong SAR ........ 2 742 38.8 1.3 65.0
19. Côte d'Ivoire .......................... 2 407 11.2 1.1 66.1
20. Malaysia ................................ 2 358 8.4 1.1 67.2

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

Between 2000 and 2010, nine countries gained over one million international migrants,
accounting for 67 per cent of the overall increase in the migrant stock over the last 10 years: United States
(8.0 million), Spain (4.6 million), Italy (2.3 million), Saudi Arabia (2.2 million), the United Kingdom (1.7
million), Canada (1.6 million), the Syrian Arab Republic (1.3 million) and Jordan and the United Arab
Emirates with one million each (table 6).

2 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 6. COUNTRIES ACCOUNTING FOR 75 PER CENT OF THE GROWTH IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK
IN THE WORLD, 2000-2010

Increase in migrant stock (2000-2010)

As percentage of
the increase in Cumulative
Rank Country of area Absolute (thousands) total migrant stock percentage

1. United States of America ...................... 7 999 23 23

2. Spain ..................................................... 4 625 13 36
3. Italy ....................................................... 2 342 7 42
4. Saudi Arabia .......................................... 2 152 6 48
5. United Kingdom .................................... 1 662 5 53
6. Canada................................................... 1 647 5 58
7. Syrian Arab Republic ............................ 1 282 4 61
8. Jordan .................................................... 1 045 3 64
9. United Arab Emirates ............................ 1 007 3 67
10. South Africa .......................................... 841 2 69
11. Qatar ...................................................... 835 2 72
12. Malaysia ................................................ 804 2 74
13. Germany ................................................ 777 2 76

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

The number of countries with more than one million inhabitants where international migrants
constituted more than 10 per cent of the population rose from 29 in 1990 to 38 in 2010. Countries with the
highest proportion of international migrants in 2010 were mostly located in Western Asia with Qatar (87
per cent), the United Arab Emirates (70 per cent) and Kuwait (69 per cent) leading this group of countries
due to the high level of international labour migration relative to total population (figure 1).

Figure 1. Countries or areas with the highest proportion of international migrants in 2010
among those with at least one million inhabitants

Qatar 87

United Arab Emirates 70

Kuwait 69

Jordan 46

Occupied Palestinian Territory 44

Singapore 41

Israel 40

China, Hong Kong SAR 39

Oman 28

Saudi Arabia 28

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant
Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 3

International Migration Report 2009
 In 2010, the number of refugees was estimated at 16.3 million, up from 15.6 million in 2000 but
down from 18.5 million in 1990 (table 7). The proportion of refugees among all international migrants
had declined from 12 per cent in 1990 to 9 per cent in 2000 and 8 per cent in 2010. Asia hosted the largest
number of refugees— 10.9 million or 66 per cent of all refugees in the world in 2010. This was followed
by Africa with 2.6 million refugees or 16 per cent, Europe with 1.6 million or 10 per cent, Northern
America with 730,000 refugees, Latin America and the Caribbean with 530,000 refugees and Oceania
with 59,000 refugees.

TABLE 7. ESTIMATED REFUGEE STOCK AT MID-YEAR AND THEIR SHARE

IN THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK, 1990, 2000 AND 2010

Estimated number of Refugees as a percentage Percentage distribution

refugees of the international of refugees
(millions) migrant stock
Development group and major area

1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010 1990 2000 2010

World ................................................... 18.5 15.6 16.3 11.9 8.8 7.6 100.0 100.0 100.0
More developed regions .................... 2.0 3.2 2.4 2.4 3.1 1.9 10.9 20.4 14.5
Less developed regions ..................... 16.5 12.4 14.0 22.5 16.8 16.2 89.1 79.6 85.5
Least developed countries ........... 4.8 3.1 2.1 43.2 28.0 18.6 26.0 19.5 13.1
Africa .................................................... 5.4 3.6 2.6 33.5 21.0 13.3 63.1 60.1 72.4
Asia ...................................................... 9.9 8.8 10.9 19.5 17.0 17.7 28.0 21.7 14.5
Europe .................................................. 1.3 2.5 1.6 2.7 4.3 2.3 29.0 22.9 15.7
Latin America and the Caribbean ........ 1.2 0.0 0.5 16.8 0.8 7.1 17.9 10.5 7.8
Northern America ................................ 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.1 1.6 1.5 3.2 4.1 4.4
Oceania ................................................ 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.5 1.5 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.4
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International
Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

Eighty-five per cent of all refugees were living in less developed regions in 2010 (table 7).
Growth in the global refugee population between 2000 and 2010 was also concentrated in the less
developed regions. Asia experienced a 23 per cent increase, whereas Europe’s refugee population
declined by 36 per cent and Africa’s by 28 per cent. The large increase in refugees in Latin America and
the Caribbean, from 50,000 in 2005 to over half a million in 2010, was due to the recent inclusion of
persons in refugee-like situations in several countries in the region, which were previously not reported as
refugees by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

Although over the last 20 years the more developed regions gained the most international
migrants, the annual growth rate of the international migrant stock in more developed regions had
been declining, whereas the growth rate of the less developed regions had been steadily increasing
(figure 2). In 2010, the growth rate for the less developed regions surpassed the rate for the more
developed regions for the first time.

4 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Figure 2: International migrant stock - average annual rate of change
by development group, 1990-1995 to 2005-2010
Average annual rate of change (percentage)

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

-1.0
1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

More developed regions Less developed regions

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International
Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

Globally, female migrants constituted almost half of the total international migrant stock in 2010
(table 8). This situation has changed little over the last 20 years. About 51.5 per cent of all international
migrants in the more developed regions were women in 2010, as were 45.3 per cent in less developed
regions. Since 2000, both the more and less developed regions showed a declining trend in the proportion
of women.

TABLE 8. F EMALE MIGRANTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT STOCK

BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP, 1990-2010

Percentage female

Development group 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

World ................................................................ 49.1 49.3 49.4 49.2 49.0

More developed regions ................................ 52.0 51.7 51.8 51.6 51.5
Less developed regions ................................. 45.9 46.1 46.1 45.6 45.3
Least developed countries ......................... 46.7 47.6 47.4 47.4 47.4

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

There is more variation in the sex distribution of the migrant stock at the level of major areas. For
some time, most migrants in Europe have been female, whereas male migrants have outnumbered female
migrants in Asia and Africa (figure 3). In Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania, women have
accounted for a growing share of the migrant stock recently, and have represented 50 per cent or more of
the total migrant stock since 2000. In Northern America, the proportion of female migrants declined from
51.2 per cent in 1990 to 50.1 per cent in 2010.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 5

International Migration Report 2009
 Figure 3: Female migrants as percentage of the international migrant stock by major area, 1990-2010

53
52
51
50
Percentage

49
48
47
46
45
44
43
Africa Asia Europe Latin America Northern Oceania
and the America
Caribbean
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

Between 2005 and 2010, the global migrant stock grew from 195 million to 214 million, an
increase of 19 million international migrants. About 47 per cent of the 19 million were female. Thus, the
migrant stock grew primarily due to male rather than female migrants. Male migrants particularly
outnumbered female migrants in Asia, Africa and Northern America. In Oceania, followed at some
distance by Europe and Latin America and the Caribbean, the net change in the migrant stock was due to
female migrants. Assuming that current migration trends continue, the proportion of women in the
international migrant stock at the global level is expected to continue to decrease, albeit slowly, for the
foreseeable future.

_____________
REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in International Migrant Stock:
The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008).

6 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 II. INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS – SELECTED COUNTRIES

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

International migration flow data are essential to the analysis of international migration levels and
trends because they document movements shortly after they have occurred whereas stock data document
the cumulative effects of movements. While more recent, and thus more relevant for policy purposes,
flow data are affected by limitations imposed by data availability, quality and comparability. Most data on
international migration flows are available for relatively few developed countries beginning in the 1980s;
few countries have complete data sets, and the data collected often suffer from definitional
inconsistencies between countries as they are derived from administrative, not statistical, sources. The
following section discusses international migration flows to and from developed countries.1 The data have
been published in International Migration Flows To and From Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision
(United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/ Rev.2008).

B. TRENDS IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION FLOWS

The scale and nature of international migration flows in developed countries, especially in
Europe, has changed significantly since the 1970s. Between 1945 and 1973, all highly industrialized
countries in Western Europe engaged in temporary labour recruitment which ended with the oil crisis of
1973-1974. This period was followed by new complex migration patterns accompanied by a rise in
numbers of people migrating. International migration became increasingly global in nature, with more
countries becoming countries of origin, destination or transit. Former emigration countries changed to
countries of immigration while family reunion and refugee and asylum-seeker movements added another
dimension to the flows. By 2000, most developed countries had become countries of immigration. The
following sections discuss migration levels and trends in traditional countries of immigration and in
countries of Europe.

1. Traditional countries of immigration

Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States are among the few countries in the world
with immigration programmes intended to attract permanent settlement. Although the number of
international migrants in these countries grew between 1980 and 2008, the increase was not continuous.
Changes in admission policies affected overall levels (figure 4a and 4b). In general, immigrants from less
developed countries accounted for a growing share of immigrants to these traditional countries of
immigration. In the United States, they consistently accounted for more than 80 per cent of all
immigrants, and in Canada their share increased from 60 per cent in 1980-1984 to 80 per cent in 2005-
2008. Although immigrants from less developed countries were numerically less important in Australia
and New Zealand, their share rose from 38 per cent in 1980-1984 to 54 per cent in 2000-2004 in
Australia, and increased from 20 per cent to 38 per cent in New Zealand in 2005-2008.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 7

International Migration Report 2009
 Figure 4a. Average annual immigration
to traditional settlement countries, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

1 200

1 000
Thousands
800

600

400

200

0
1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005-
1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008

Australia Canada
New Zealand United States

Figure 4b. Immigration from less developed regions to traditional

settlement countries, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

90

80

70

60
Percentage

50

40

30

20

10
Australia Canada New United
Zealand States
1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994
1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs,
Population Division (2010). International Migration Flows to and from
Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database,
POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: Data for Canada, New Zealand and United States refer to
foreign citizens. For Australia, the data include both, Australian and foreign
citizens. For Australia, the data by origin from less developed regions refer
to 1980-2005. The data for the United States between 1989 and 1994
include regularization under the Immigration Reform and Control Act.
Data for New Zealand and the United States refer to fiscal years.

8 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 The United States continues to admit the largest number of immigrants in the world, with an
average of about 1.1 million permanent residence permits issued per year between 2005 and 2008. This
was significantly higher than the annual number of 630,000 reported in the 1980s, and the 980,000
reported in the 1990s. Between 1989 and1994, 2.7 million immigrants were regularized under the 1986
Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) (United Nations, 2004). Latin America and the Caribbean
accounted for 42 per cent of the inflow to the United States in the 2000s, followed closely by Asia with
35 per cent. By country, Mexicans accounted for 17 per cent of the intake in 2008 alone, followed by
China with 7 per cent. The inflow from Europe constituted on average 13 per cent in the 2000s.
Immigration from Central and Eastern Europe to the United States contributed to the recent increase in
the share of Europeans among all international migrants.

In Canada, immigration levels doubled from 126,000 foreign citizens annually in the 1980s to
220,000 foreign citizens in the 1990s and peaked at 240,000 between 2000 and 2008. Immigrants from
Asia have generally constituted very high proportions of Canada’s immigrant admissions, accounting for
about 60 per cent in the 2000s, followed by Europe with 16 per cent. While the number of permits granted
to persons originating from Europe and Northern America has been more or less stable since the 1990s,
the annual admission of Asian immigrants increased significantly. For 2000-2008, the average annual
inflow from Asia (146,000) was more than three times higher than for 1980-1984 (49,000). Persons from
China obtained the largest number of residence permits (30,000 in 2008), accounting for 12 per cent of all
permits, followed by India and the Philippines.

Immigration of both Australian and foreign citizens to Australia stood at about 94,000 persons
annually in 1980-1984. Over the next five years this increased to 120,000 persons before falling back to
levels below one-hundred thousands through the 1990s. For the period 2000-2008, immigration to
Australia again reached 120,000 persons annually and stood at 160,000 immigrants by 2008. In the past,
mostly British immigrants had dominated, and in later years this gave way to a more ethnically diverse
mix of immigrants. For the period 2000-2004, the majority of permanent arrivals to Australia came from
Asia, accounting for 40 per cent of the total arrivals. Annual immigration levels from Europe had declined
since the 1980s, when they stood at 39,000, to 19,000 in the period 2000-2004. In recent years, the largest
number of arrivals to Australia was reported for persons from New Zealand, followed by the United
Kingdom, Singapore and China. Taken together, these countries accounted for half of all annual
permanent arrivals. The top five destination countries of outflows from Australia in recent years were
New Zealand, the United Kingdom, United States, China, Hong Kong SAR and Singapore, in order of
importance. Australia’s net migration was positive during the period 1980-2005, but due to increasing
emigration, the gains in the 2000s were not as high as in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

For New Zealand, the number of long-term and permanent immigrants increased steadily from
21,000 foreigners annually in the 1980s to 39,000 in the 1990s. By 2000-2008, the annual intake of
foreigners in New Zealand stood at 60,000. In the 1980s, New Zealand was losing population because the
emigration of citizens was higher than the immigration of foreigners. By the 1990s, New Zealand was still
losing citizens, but this was offset by the increasing number of foreign immigrants. Thus, on a net basis,
net migration became positive. The average annual net gain in foreigners and citizens therefore stood at
12,000 annually for 1990-2008. Since the late 1980s the majority of foreign immigrants to New Zealand
came from Asia, followed by Europe and Oceania. By country, the largest group of foreigners originated
in the United Kingdom, then Australia, China and India.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 9

International Migration Report 2009
 2. International migration in Europe

During the 1950s and 1960s, countries in Western Europe, such as France, Germany or the
United Kingdom, recruited migrants from Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Turkey through guestworker
programmes to meet the labour demand created by post-war reconstruction. Following the increase in oil
prices in the 1970s and subsequent worldwide economic recession, the labour-recruiting countries ended
their guestworker programmes, but labour migrants were generally permitted to stay and reunite with
families in the countries of destination. By the late 1970s and early 1980s immigration levels had fallen,
and net migration in some of these countries had become negligible or negative (e.g. Germany or the
United Kingdom) (figures 5 and 6). Subsequently, immigration rose again, and levels were particularly
high during the 1990s. In Germany, for example, the average annual intake in foreigners stood at 946,000
million in 1990-1994 compared to 554,000 immigrating foreigners five years earlier. In Belgium, the
annual intake of foreigners increased from 40,000 in 1985-1989 to 54,000 by 1990-1994 and in the
Netherlands from 57,000 to 81,000 over the same period.

Figure 5. Average annual immigration, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

1 000

800
Thousands

600

400

200

0
1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008
Belgium France Germany Italy Netherlands Spain United Kingdom

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division
(2010). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United
Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: Data for Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain refer to foreign
citizens. For the United Kingdom, the data include both, British and foreign citizens. For Belgium,
Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, data refer to 1980-2007, for France to 1994-
2007, for Italy to 1995-2006 and for Spain to 1983-2008.

Economic prosperity combined with declining fertility in former labour-sending countries such as
Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain caused labour shortages, transforming them into countries of destination
for immigrants from other parts of Europe as well developing countries (Castles and Miller, 2009). These
changes in flows directed toward Southern Europe began in the 1990s and intensified in the 2000s. In
Italy, for example, the number of foreign immigrants admitted annually doubled from 125,000 in 1995-
1999 to 260,000 in 2000-2004. Spain experienced a more significant annual increase, from 8,000 foreign
immigrants in 1985-1989 to 449,000 immigrants in 2000-2004 which increased further to 775,000 by
2005-2008. However, immigration declined in Italy since 2005 and in Spain since 2008.

10 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Figure 6. Average annual net migration, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

700

500

Thousands
300

100

-100
1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005-
1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008
Belgium Germany Italy
Netherlands Spain United Kingdom
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population
Division (2010). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008
Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: Data for Belgium, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Spain refer to foreign
citizens. For the United Kingdom the data include both, British and foreign citizens. For
Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, data refer to 1980-2007, for
Italy to 1995-2006 and for Spain to 2002-2008.

Countries in Northern Europe with low levels of immigration in the past have experienced an
increase since mid-2000 due to the arrival of asylum seekers and refugees (figure 7). In Norway, for
example, the number of foreign immigrants almost doubled from 31,000 in 2005 to 59,000 in 2008. In
Sweden, where levels had been higher than in Norway, the number of immigrants, including foreigners
and citizens, increased from 65,000 in 2005 to 101,000 in 2008.

Figure 7: Immigration to countries in Northern Europe, 2000-2008

110

90

70
Thousands

50

30

10

-10
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Denmark Finland Iceland

Norway Sweden
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population
Division (2010). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The
2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: Data for Finland and Sweden refer to citizens and foreigners combined.
Data for Denmark, Iceland and Norway refer to foreign citizens.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 11

International Migration Report 2009
 Belgium, Denmark, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and more recently
Germany reported an increased outflow (figure 8). The highest numbers were reported for Germany, with
154,000 citizens emigrating annually between 2005 and 2007. In the Netherlands, emigration of citizens
stood at 76,000 over the same period. The data reported for these countries indicate that citizens often
emigrated to neighbouring countries and to Northern America.

Figure 8. Average annual emigration of citizens, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

160
140
120
Thousands

100
80
60
40
20
0
1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 2000- 2005-
1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2008
Belgium Denmark Germany Iceland
Netherlands Norway Spain Switzerland

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population

Division (2010). International Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The
2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: For Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland, the data for the
last period refer to 2005-2007, for Denmark to 1980-2008, for Iceland and Norway to
1986-2008, for Spain to 2002-2008 and Switzerland to 1991-2007.

European migration patterns were also affected by an inflow of immigrants from Central and
Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and 1990s, as former Communist regimes disintegrated and lifted
restrictions on travel abroad. Germany was the country most affected by emigration from the Eastern.
Between 1985 and 1989, Germany recorded an annual inflow of 264,000 citizens, increasing to 386,000
during 1990-1994. Sixty-three per cent, or 167,000 originated from Eastern Europe in 1985-1989, falling
to 54 per cent, or 210,000, by 1990-1994. German citizens from Central and Eastern Europe were mostly
ethnic Germans (Aussiedler) who had the right to German citizenship upon entering the country. By 2000,
the inflow from that region had declined.

Easing of emigration restrictions from the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
also led to significant movement of populations between successor states; the Russian Federation became
an important country of immigration, with ethnic Russians leaving or being expelled from former parts of
the Soviet Union. There was also an increase in emigration of Jews from the successor states to Israel and
the United States. In addition, the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia triggered flows of refugees and
asylum seekers, and between 1990 and 2000, countries in Western Europe received more than two million
asylum applications from citizens of Central and Eastern European countries (United Nations, 2004).
Data for Croatia show that following the war, the number of emigrants declined sharply in 2000. By the
mid- to late-1990s, the Baltic States and Poland had become net emigration countries, whereas Croatia,
the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia experienced positive net migration.

12 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Over the period 1980-2008, the majority of immigrants to Europe came from developed
countries, especially other European countries (figure 9). This is true of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, Germany, Iceland, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland, where the share of
immigrants from more developed regions was continuously over 50 per cent. As compared with 2000-
2004, the share of immigrants from more developed regions increased in 2005-2008 in Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Germany, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The
opposite was true in Finland, France, Luxembourg and Sweden.

Figure 9. Immigrants originating in more developed regions, 1980-1984 to 2005-2008

100

90

80

70
Percentage

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
ay

en
ly
y

nd
g

n
a

d
nd
um

m
s
an
ar

nd
ur

ai
ri

nc

an

Ita

do
w

ed

la
st

Sp
m
i

bo
m
a
lg

rla
el
nl

or

er
Au

ng
Fr

Sw
en
Be

er
Fi

Ic

N
he

itz

Ki
G
D

xe

Sw
et

d
Lu

te
ni
U
1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 2005-2008

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2010). International Migration Flows to
and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: For Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, the data refer to 1980-2007. For Austria,
the data refer to 1996-2007, for Denmark, Finland and Sweden to 1980-2008, for France to 1994-2007, for Iceland and Norway to 1986-
2008, for Italy to 1995-2006, for Spain to 1983-2008 and for Switzerland to 1991-2007. For Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany,
Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Spain and Switzerland, the data refer to foreigners. For Finland, Sweden and the United
Kingdom, the data refer to both, foreigners and citizens of the respective countries.

Focusing on the countries where the inflow of immigrants from less developed regions was high
in recent years, one can see that the numbers increased for France and the United Kingdom over time, but
not for Germany (figure 10). The number of immigrants to Italy (since 1996) and Spain (since 2000) from
less developed regions also increased, reaching levels similar to those observed in France or the United
Kingdom. However, for all of these countries, immigration from less developed regions began to stall or
decline in mid-2000. With regard to the major areas of origin of immigrants from less developed regions,
Latin America and the Caribbean was the main source for Spain. In 2008, 213,000 immigrants from that
major area arrived in Spain, comprising 30 per cent of all immigrants and surpassing the number from
Europe (180,000). Inflows from Africa were highest in France with 836,000 in 2007. In Italy and Spain,
between 15 and 20 per cent of immigrants originated in Africa in 2000. Since 1990, inflows from Africa
increased significantly in France, Italy and Spain. Since 2000, immigration from less developed regions

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 13

International Migration Report 2009
more than doubled in Finland, Luxemburg and Sweden. In Sweden, the increase was primarily due to the
inflow of immigrants from Iraq. Since 1990, Germany and the Netherlands saw the greatest decrease in
immigrants from less developed regions. In 2007, the number of Turkish immigrants to Germany reached
its lowest level since 1983. Similarly, France and the Netherlands saw a drop in immigration of
Moroccans, traditionally a numerically important immigrant group.

Figure 10: Countries in Europe with high levels of immigration from less developed regions,
1990-2008

450

400

350

300
Thousands

250

200

150

100

50

0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

France Germany Italy

Spain United Kingdom

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2010). International
Migration Flows to and from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).
NOTE: For France, Germany, Italy and Spain, the data refer to foreigners. For the United Kingdom the data include
both, British and foreign citizens For Germany and the United Kingdom, the data refer to 1990-2007. For France, the data
refer to 1994- 2007, for Italy to 1995-2006, for Spain to 1990-2008.

14 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 With the enlargement of the European Union (EU) in 2004 it was expected that migration from
the new member states2 to other EU member states and the European Economic Area (EEA) would
increase. Except for Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom, all other member states temporarily
restricted the free movement of people originating in new member states. Over time, the data confirm
increased inflows from the new member states to older member states, namely Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and Spain. Compared to 2003, annual
inflows of immigrants grew by more than 30 per cent in Austria, Belgium, Denmark and Sweden. While
most of these countries saw the largest increase in immigrants from Poland, the largest increase in flows
to Finland came from Estonia. In Norway, immigration from Poland rose during 2004-2008 to comprise
one-fifth of all immigrants. Immigration flow data by country of origin for the United Kingdom were not
available, but Poland reported high levels of emigration to the United Kingdom in 2006. In Germany, an
important destination for Polish emigrants since the mid-1980s, inflows from Poland grew again from
2004 onwards, with an annual average number of immigrations of 146,000 arrivals and annual net gains
of 43,000 during the period 2005-2007.

Following the 2007 enlargement of the EU3, the number of immigrants from Bulgaria and
Romania to other EU Member increased, especially to Austria, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands,
Slovakia and Sweden. In 2007, Germany recorded a significant increase in the net gain of immigrants
from these two countries. Large inflows from Romania were also reported by Italy and Spain, from
Bulgaria only by Spain. Generally, following the enlargement of the EU, new Member States at first
experienced high levels of emigration to other EU Member States, but these levels later declined.

______
NOTES
1
The 29 countries included in the analysis are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand,
Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and the United States of America. For some
countries, data are only available for some years within the 1980-2008 period.
2
On 1 May 2004, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia
became members of the European Union.
3
On 1 January 2007, Bulgaria and Romania became members of the European Union.

_____________
REFERENCES

Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller (2009). The age of migration. International population movements in the modern
world. 4 th Edition. New York, London: The Guilford Press.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2004). World Economic and Social Survey 2004:
International Migration. Sales No. E.04.II.C.3.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). International Migration Flows to and
from Selected Countries: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Flow/Rev.2008).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 15

International Migration Report 2009
 III. NET INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

A. DATA CONSIDERATIONS

Net international migration for a given country refers to the difference between the number of
immigrants and the number of emigrants. If more people immigrate to a country than emigrate from it, the
country gains population from positive net migration. When more people emigrate than immigrate, the
country loses population through negative net migration.

This chapter focuses on net international migration for all countries in the world for the period
1950-2050. The data come from the 2008 Revision of the World Population Prospects (United Nations
publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6). In this publication, net migration is often derived as a residual when
estimating and projecting population, not accounted for by natural change (births minus deaths) between
two successive enumerations of the population. Estimates refer to the period 1950-2010 and projections to
the period 2010-2050. Given the volatility of international migration flows, it is impossible to accurately
project future migration levels and trends and their impact on population change and population
structures. However, population projections including different migration scenarios can help assess the
likely impact international migration might have on future populations. For the medium projection
variant, it is therefore assumed for the future that recent trends will continue for countries currently
(2000-2010) experiencing stable trends in international migration flows. Governments’ views on
international migration as well as estimates of undocumented and irregular migration flows affecting a
country are also taken into account. For countries affected by refugee flows, it is assumed that refugees
generally return to their country of origin within the next one or two projection periods. If a country
experiences international migration and refugee movements, both are considered simultaneously in order
to capture the overall effect on net migration levels and trends in the future. This chapter is based on an
analysis of 196 countries with an estimated population of 100,000 inhabitants or more in 2009.

Analyzing net migration alone masks the simultaneous flows of immigration and emigration.
Countries with net immigration or net emigration will be characterized as overall receiving or sending
countries even though they might also have lost or gained population due to migration in the opposite
direction during the time under consideration. Thus countries experiencing net emigration may also
experience high immigration while countries experiencing net immigration might be affected by
significant emigration. At the global level, population grows or declines due to natural change and
international migration is necessarily zero. Whenever the world’s constituent countries are divided into
groups of mutually exclusive units—such as more developed regions and less developed regions—net
migration flows to one group cancel out net migration flows from the other.

B. GLOBAL TRENDS

For the period 1950-2010, the more developed regions gained population due to positive net
migration, whereas less developed regions lost population due to negative net migration (figure 11). Net
migration numbers increased steadily in the more developed regions, reaching an all-time high of 2.9
million annually between 2000 and 2010. The average net migration in the more developed regions
projected for the next 40 years is about 2.4 million persons annually.

16 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Figure 11. Annual net international migration flows by development group,
estimates and medium variant projection, 1950-1960 to 2040-2050

4 000

3 000
Annual net migration (thousands)

2 000

1 000
More developed regions
0
Less developed regions
- 1 000

- 2 000

- 3 000

- 4 000
1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

Northern America and Europe were the major areas currently gaining the most from net
immigration, whereas Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean were losing the most (table 10). From
1950 to 2010, Northern America and Oceania were the only areas that consistently added population due
to international migration, whereas Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean consistently lost
population due to the same cause. Europe’s negative net migration balance of the 1950s turned positive
since the 1960s. Asia, on the other hand, experienced positive net migration in the 1950s and 1960s but
then lost population due to net emigration starting in the 1970s. As explained earlier, for the future it is
assumed that refugees will return to their countries of origin within one or two projection periods and
recent migration levels and trends will be held constant through the projection period.

TABLE 10. ANNUAL NET MIGRATION PER DECADE, BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA,
ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-2050

1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Development group and major area Annual net migration (thousands)

More developed regions ............. 20 646 1 147 1 507 2 697 2 943 2 491 2 362 2 374 2 378
Less developed regions .............. -20 -646 -1 147 -1 507 -2 697 -2 943 -2 491 -2 362 -2 374 -2 378
Least developed countries ...... -104 -156 -473 -850 -124 -395 -324 -489 -488 -489
Africa ......................................... -137 -241 -296 -274 -402 -521 -431 -451 -446 -447
Asia ............................................ 146 23 -361 -473 -1 502 -1 286 -1 247 -1 229 -1 254 -1 256
Europe ........................................ -447 27 355 448 952 1 505 1 046 930 937 944
Latin America and the Caribbean -67 -316 -426 -784 -725 -1 099 -746 -619 -611 -613
Northern America ...................... 418 398 675 984 1 591 1 286 1 280 1 268 1 273 1 270
Oceania ...................................... 85 109 53 99 86 115 98 101 101 101

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The
2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 17

International Migration Report 2009
 Focusing on the number of countries per major area with positive or negative net migration confirms
that Northern America and Europe were the two areas in which the majority of countries experienced
positive net migration, at least since 1950 for the United States and since 1970 for Europe (figure 12). In
Latin America and the Caribbean, the majority of countries experienced negative net migration over the
last 60 years, followed by Africa and Asia. In Asia, however, 54 per cent (1950-1960) and 52 per cent
(1960-1970) of all countries had positive net migration, which then turned negative from the 1970s to the
1990s. By 2000-2010, half of all countries in Asia were net immigration countries. Except for 2000-2010,
the majority of countries in Oceania were net emigration countries.

Figure 12. Countries per major area with positive net migration, 1950-1960 to 2000-2010

100
90
80
70
Percentage

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Africa Asia Europe Latin America Northern Oceania
and the America
Caribbean

1950-1960 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The
Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

These regional trends mask substantial variation at the country level. Between 1950 and 2010,
Northern America added 892 thousand people annually to its population stock due to net migration. The
United States gained the most, with three million between 1950-1960 which increased to 10.7 million by
2000-2010 (table 11). Europe gained 473 thousand persons annually, over 62 per cent of which was
accounted for by France and Germany. In Oceania, annual net migration stood at 91 thousands in 1950-
2010, with Australia’s net migration increasing from 0.8 million in 1950-1960 to 1.2 million in 1980-
1990. In Latin America and the Caribbean, having lost 569 thousand persons annually over the last 60
years, Mexico’s net outflow was by far the highest. In Asia, net migration was positive between 1950 and
1970 and subsequently became negative. China followed by India accounted for most of the net outflow
since the 1970s. In Africa, the net loss between 1950 and 2010 stood at 312 thousands annually with
Egypt and Morocco having the highest net emigration over that period.

For 2000-2010, the United States followed by Spain and Italy were the top net immigration
countries, whereas Mexico, China and Pakistan were the top net emigration countries (table 11). By 2040-
2050, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom were projected to be leading the group of net
immigration countries and Mexico, China and India the group of net emigration countries.

18 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 11. COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE HIGHEST AND THE LOWEST LEVEL OF NET MIGRATION,
ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1950-1960, 1980-1990, 2000-2010 AND 2040-2050
ESTIMATES AND MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION, 1980-1990, 2000-2010 AND 2040-2050
A. Net immigration countries (in thousands)
Rank Country or area 1950-1960 Rank Country or area 1980-1990
1. United States of America ........................... 3 064 1. United States of America ........................... 8 620
2. Kazakhstan................................................. 1 640 2. Pakistan ..................................................... 2 940
3. France ........................................................ 1 151 3. Saudi Arabia .............................................. 2 450
4. Canada ....................................................... 1 120 4. Russian Federation .................................... 2 014
5. Germany .................................................... 996 5. Germany .................................................... 1 848
6. Australia..................................................... 793 6. Iran (Islamic Republic of) ......................... 1 737
7. Brazil ......................................................... 549 7. Ethiopia ..................................................... 1 379
8. Argentina ................................................... 522 8. Canada ....................................................... 1 219
9. Israel .......................................................... 454 9. Australia .................................................... 1 156
10. China, Hong Kong SAR 375 10. Republic of Korea ..................................... 842
Rank Country or area 2000-2010 Rank Country or area 2040-2050
1. United States of America ........................... 10 728 1. United States of America ........................... 10 560
2. Spain .......................................................... 4 254 2. Canada ....................................................... 2 147
3. Italy ............................................................ 3 400 3. United Kingdom ........................................ 1 745
4. Canada ....................................................... 2 139 4. Italy ........................................................... 1 500
5. United Kingdom ........................................ 1 895 5. Spain.......................................................... 1 472
6. Afghanistan ................................................ 1 805 6. Germany .................................................... 1 100
7. Thailand ..................................................... 1 711 7. France ........................................................ 1 000
8. Germany .................................................... 1 480 8. Australia .................................................... 1 000
9. South Africa ............................................... 1 400 9. China, Hong Kong SAR ............................ 600
10. France ........................................................ 1 261 10. Japan.......................................................... 540
B. Net emigration countries (in thousands)
Rank Country or area 1950-1960 Rank Country or area 1980-1990
1. Russian Federation..................................... - 1 328 1. Afghanistan ............................................... -4 873
2. Spain .......................................................... - 777 2. Mexico....................................................... -3 872
3. Italy ............................................................ - 763 3. Mozambique .............................................. -1 673
4. Algeria ....................................................... - 722 4. Somalia ...................................................... -1 464
5. Dem. People's Republic of Korea .............. - 686 5. Viet Nam ................................................... -1 462
6. Portugal...................................................... - 631 6. Kazakhstan ................................................ -1 006
7. United Kingdom ........................................ - 577 7. Egypt ......................................................... - 994
8. Belarus ....................................................... - 564 8. Iraq ............................................................ - 830
9. Puerto Rico ................................................ - 470 9. Bangladesh ................................................ - 815
10. China.......................................................... - 435 10. Nigeria ....................................................... - 763
Rank Country or area 2000-2010 Rank Country or area 2040-2050
1. Mexico ....................................................... - 5 132 1. Mexico....................................................... - 3 222
2. China.......................................................... - 3 789 2. China ......................................................... - 3 043
3. Pakistan...................................................... - 2 655 3. India .......................................................... - 2 543
4. India ........................................................... - 2 540 4. Philippines ................................................. - 1 750
5. Philippines ................................................. - 1 800 5. Pakistan ..................................................... - 1 554
6. Indonesia.................................................... - 1 730 6. Indonesia ................................................... - 1 534
7. Myanmar .................................................... - 1 500 7. Bangladesh ................................................ - 1 504
8. Iran (Islamic Republic of) .......................... - 1 493 8. Egypt ......................................................... - 800
9. Zimbabwe .................................................. - 1 400 9. Nigeria ....................................................... - 600
10. Bangladesh................................................. - 1 270 10. Sri Lanka ................................................... - 600

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008
Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 19

International Migration Report 2009
 The net migration averages of the last 60 years mask variation in migration patterns over time
resulting from political events and economic and social changes in countries. As table 12 shows, in 148 of
196 countries net migration changed sign or became zero at least once since 1950. Among these 148
countries, 14 countries in Europe became recent net immigration countries—including Spain and Italy,
which from 1950-1960 had been among the top ten net emigration countries. Also in this group are
countries that experienced repatriation of ethnic groups, such as Japanese returning from Latin America
and other parts of Asia to Japan, and ethnic Russians returning to the Russian Federation from the former
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) after its disintegration in 1991.

TABLE 12. NUMBER OF COUNTRIES OR AREAS, BY NET MIGRATION STATUS AND BY MAJOR AREA, 1950-2010

Number of countries or areas

Recent net
Major area Net immigration Net emigration immigration Other

World .................................................. 15 33 26 122

Africa .............................................. 1 5 6 43
Asia ................................................. 5 7 4 34
Europe ............................................ 4 3 14 19
Latin America and the Caribbean ... 2 17 1 17
Northern America ........................... 2 — — —
Oceania ........................................... 1 1 1 9

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World
Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).
NOTE: Net immigration: countries that consistently showed positive net migration; net emigration: countries that
consistently showed negative net migration; recent net immigration: countries that showed consistently positive net
migration over the period 1985-2010 but that had negative or zero net migration at least once before 1985; other: countries
whose net migration had changed sign or had been zero at least once since 1950.

In 48 countries, net migration was consistent, either negative or positive, from 1950-2010. Of
these 48, 15 experienced continuous positive net migration since 1950, including traditional
immigration countries, such as the United States and Canada, and labour-importing countries in Asia,
such as Brunei Darussalam, Qatar, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates. For 33 countries, net
migration had been consistently negative since 1950; the majority of these located in less developed
regions, especially Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean.

C. CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION TO POPULATION CHANGE

Over time, a population grows and declines due to natural increase (births minus deaths) and
net migration (immigrants minus emigrants). Migration affects population change directly by adding
to or subtracting from the population in countries of destination and origin. It also affects population
indirectly by impacting, for example, mortality and fertility in the respective countries. Given the age
selectivity of migration, it also affects the age structure of the population in countries of origin and
destination. The following paragraphs focus on the direct impact of net migration as compared to
natural change on population growth and decline.

In 1950-1960, the population in both more and less developed regions was primarily growing
due to natural increase (figure 13). By 1990-2000, growth in more developed regions was for the first
time dominated by net migration. Less developed regions, however, were still growing due to a
surplus of births over deaths (natural increase). Following the projection assumptions defined earlier,
the population of more developed regions is projected to decline by 2040-2050; the rate of natural
increase will have become negative and will no longer be offset by positive net migration. Continued

20 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 growth at lower rates is projected for the less developed regions, but net migration will remain
negligible and the population will continue to grow primarily due to natural increase.

Figure 13: Contribution of natural increase and net migration to net population change
by development group, 1950-1960 to 2040-2050

(millions) More developed regions

120

100

80

60

40

20

-20

-40
1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Net change Natural increase Net migration

(millions) Less developed regions

900

700

500

300

100

-100
1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Net change Natural increase Net migration

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division
(2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations
publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).

In both Northern America and Oceania net migration played a positive and important role in
population growth over the last 60 years, a trend that is expected to continue (figure 14). By 2030-2040,
net migration in Northern America will, for the first time, contribute more to population growth than
natural increase. From then on, net migration will drive population growth in Northern America. In
Europe, net migration kept population growth weakly positive since 1990-2000. By 2020-2030, Europe’s

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 21

International Migration Report 2009
population growth will be negative. Despite continued positive net migration, the surplus of deaths over
births is projected to dominate population change, leading to population decline in Europe.
Figure 14: Contribution of natural increase and net migration to net population change by major area,
1950-1960 to 2040-2050

600
300 (millions) Africa (millions) Asia
500

200 400

300
100
200

100
0
1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
0
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
1950-1960-1970- 1980-1990- 2000-2010- 2020-2030-2040-
-100 -100 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

100 (millions)
70 (millions) Latin America
Europe
80 and the Caribbean
50
60
30
40
10
20

-10 0

-30 -20
1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

40 (millions) (millions)
Northern America 5 Oceania
30 4

3
20

2
10
1

0 0
1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040-
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Net change Natural increase Net migration

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).

22 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Between 1950-2010, the populations of Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean continued
to grow due to natural increase, however, at a declining rate. Negative net migration was more than offset
by natural increase, which will remain the major factor behind population growth in these major areas in
the future.

At the country level, the contribution of international migration to population change varies
considerably. For the majority of countries, low levels of net migration characterized the past and are
expected to have little effect on population change in the future. However, in some countries of the more
developed regions with low fertility and low mortality levels, population change will increasingly be due
to net international migration.

Over the period 2000-2010, the population increased in 180 countries (table 13). The majority of
these, 150 countries in all, grew due to natural increase, and 30 countries grew due to net migration. There
was population decline in only 16 countries, in 10 of which population decline occurred because deaths
outnumbered births. Twenty of the 30 countries experiencing population growth primarily due to net
migration were located in Europe and seven in Asia. Among the 20 countries in Europe were countries in
Northern Europe, such as Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, countries in Southern
Europe with Greece, Italy and Spain or countries in Western Europe such as Austria, Belgium and
Switzerland. Among the seven countries in Asia were labour-importing countries, such as Qatar,
Singapore and United Arab Emirates. Middle-income countries in Asia, such as Indonesia and Thailand
were still growing primarily due to natural increase. The majority of countries in Africa, Asia, Latin
America and the Caribbean and Oceania grew due to natural increase. In Northern America, natural
increase drove population growth in one country, the United States, whereas net migration was the main
cause of population growth in another country, Canada. With one exception, Georgia, all 16 countries
experiencing population decline in 2000-2010 were located in Europe.

TABLE 13. NATURAL INCREASE AND NET MIGRATION AS SOURCES OF POPULATION GROWTH OR DECLINE,
BY MAJOR AREA, 2000-2010

Population growth primarily Population decline

due to primarily due to

Natural Natural
population Net population Net
Major area change migration Total change migration Total

World ...................................................................................
150 30 180 10 6 16
Africa ...............................................................................
54 1 55 — — —
Asia ..................................................................................
42 7 49 — 1 1
Europe..............................................................................
5 20 25 10 5 15
Latin America and the Caribbean .................................... 36 1 37 — — —
Northern America ............................................................
1 1 2 — — —
Oceania ............................................................................
12 — 12 — — —

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).
NOTE: Countries where natural increase contributes to more than 50 per cent of the total population change are defined as
countries growing primarily due to natural increase. The same logic applies to countries growing primarily due to net migration.

The impact of international migration on population growth or decline can also be assessed by
comparing the results of the 2010-2050 population projection of the medium variant with those obtained
by projecting the population with zero international migration. In other words, the zero migration scenario
illustrates the effect natural population change alone would have on future population growth since
migration is set to zero starting in 2010. Comparing the projected population of the medium variant with
those of the zero migration scenario helps assess the relative impact continued international migration is

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 23

International Migration Report 2009
expected to have on population change in development groups, major areas and countries. Table 14
presents a comparison of these two types of projection results for 2050. As expected, the zero-migration
scenario produces a smaller population for more developed regions and a higher one for less developed
regions. But the magnitude of the differences in relative terms is revealing: in the more developed
regions, zero migration during 2010-2050 is projected to reduce the population by 10 per cent by 2050,
whereas in the less developed regions it will increase the population by almost 2 per cent. This comparison
confirms the importance of international migration for population growth in the more developed regions.

TABLE 14. PROJECTED POPULATION, BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA,

MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION AND ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Population in 2050 (millions) Difference

between zero-
migration Difference as
Zero-migration scenario and percentage of
Development group and major area Medium variant scenario medium variant medium variant

World....................................................................................
9 150 9 150 0.5 0.0
More developed regions ...................................................1 275 1 145 -130 -10.2
Less developed regions .....................................................
7 875 8 005 131 1.7
Least developed countries............................................. 1 672 1 697 25 1.5
Africa....................................................................................
1 998 2 024 25 1.3
Asia ......................................................................................
5 231 5 297 66 1.3
Europe ..................................................................................
691 640 -51 -7.4
Latin America and the Caribbean ......................................... 729 766 36 5.0
Northern America .................................................................
448 378 -70 -15.6
Oceania .................................................................................
51 46 -6 -10.8

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1 (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).

At the level of the major areas, the largest differences between the 2050 population in the
medium variant and the zero-migration scenario are found for Northern America and Oceania. Without
any international migration, the projected population of Northern America in 2050 is projected to be 16
per cent smaller, and that for Oceania 11 per cent smaller than according to the medium variant. The
potential reduction of the population of Europe is more modest, about 7 per cent, resulting from lower
levels of international migration projected for that major area than for Northern America and Oceania.
The impact of international migration is considerably lower in all other major areas. The 2050 population
of Latin America and the Caribbean is projected to be 5 per cent higher when projected without
migration, that of Asia and Africa 1.3 per cent higher when projected under the medium variant.

Similar comparisons can be made for individual countries. Table 15 presents countries with more
than one million inhabitants in 2050. Most countries for which emigration is projected to be responsible
for reducing significantly the size of the population in 2050 have small populations. By 2050 the most
populous country in the group is projected to be Mexico, with a projected population of 129 million that
would be nearly 15 per cent higher with no migration. The second populous country in this group is Sri
Lanka, with a 2050 population of about 22 million that would be about 16 per cent higher under the zero-
migration scenario.

24 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 15. PROJECTED POPULATION FOR COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
THE MEDIUM VARIANT PRJOECTION AND THE ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Population in 2050 (thousands) Difference between

zero-migration Difference as
Medium Zero-migration scenario and medium percentage
Rank Country or area variant scenario variant of medium variant*

A. Countries and areas with greater projected growth under zero-migration scenario

1. Jamaica.................................................................................
2 683 3 716 1 033 38.5
2. Republic of Moldova............................................................
2 734 3 266 532 19.4
3. Georgia.................................................................................
3 267 3 896 629 19.2
4. Albania .................................................................................
3 303 3 846 542 16.4
5. Nicaragua .............................................................................
8 143 9 479 1 336 16.4
6. Sri Lanka ..............................................................................
21 705 25 149 3 444 15.9
7. Trinidad and Tobago ............................................................
1 278 1 476 198 15.5
8. Mexico .................................................................................
128 964 148 414 19 450 15.1
9. El Salvador ...........................................................................
7 882 8 917 1 035 13.1
10. Armenia................................................................................
3 018 3 405 387 12.8
11. Lesotho.................................................................................
2 491 2 807 316 12.7
12. Dominican Republic.............................................................
13 441 15 040 1 599 11.9
13. Kyrgyzstan ...........................................................................
6 882 7 654 772 11.2

B. Countries and areas with less projected growth under zero-migration scenario

1. China, Hong Kong SAR .......................................................

8 623 5 698 -2 925 -33.9
2. United Arab Emirates ...........................................................
8 253 5 631 -2 622 -31.8
3. Qatar.....................................................................................
2 316 1 666 -651 -28.1
4. Canada .................................................................................
44 414 33 429 -10 984 -24.7
5. Kuwait ..................................................................................
5 240 3 955 -1 285 -24.5
6. Cyprus ..................................................................................
1 175 904 -271 -23.1
7. Australia ...............................................................................
28 724 23 170 -5 554 -19.3
8. Switzerland ..........................................................................
8 514 6 970 -1 543 -18.1
9. Singapore .............................................................................
5 221 4 279 -942 -18.0
10. Spain ....................................................................................
51 260 42 719 -8 541 -16.7
11. Ireland ..................................................................................
6 295 5 249 -1 045 -16.6
12. Norway.................................................................................
5 947 5 021 -925 -15.6
13. United Kingdom...................................................................
72 365 61 713 -10 652 -14.7
14. United States of America .....................................................
403 932 344 720 -59 211 -14.7
15. Bahrain .................................................................................
1 277 1 091 -186 -14.6
16. Greece ..................................................................................
10 939 9 391 -1 548 -14.2
17. Sweden .................................................................................
10 571 9 105 -1 466 -13.9
18. Austria ..................................................................................
8 515 7 355 -1 160 -13.6
19. Italy ......................................................................................
57 066 49 355 -7 711 -13.5
20. Slovenia................................................................................
1 954 1 733 -222 -11.3
21. Czech Republic ....................................................................
10 294 9 148 -1 146 -11.1
22. New Zealand ........................................................................
5 349 4 800 -548 -10.3

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. 09.XII.6).
NOTE: Only countries with a population of more than 1 million inhabitants in 2050 and with absolute differences of at least 10
per cent are included. Countries and areas ranked by difference as percentage of medium variant. * Increase (+) or decrease (-).

Table 15 also shows countries whose populations are projected to increase significantly due to
international migration. Again, most of the countries in the list have small populations. The most
populous country in the group is the United States, projected at 404 million in 2050, which would be 15
per cent lower in the absence of immigration. The most significant reductions in total population under
the zero migration scenario are projected for China, Hong Kong SAR, the United Arab Emirates and
Qatar, all of which heavily depend on immigration to sustain their population size.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 25

International Migration Report 2009
 Given the age selectivity of migration, migration also affects the age and sex composition of a
population. The dependency ratio is a commonly used measure of potential social and economic support
needs. The total dependency ratio is calculated as the ratio of the dependent population (under 15 years of
age and 65 years or older) to the working-age population (15 to 64 years of age). Table 16 presents
dependency ratios for the medium variant projection and the zero migration scenario in order to
approximate the impact of migration on the future age structure. In general, the higher this ratio, the more
people each potential worker needs to support.

According to the medium variant, the dependency ratio is projected to increase in the developed
regions over the next 40 years from 48 to 71 (table 16). In other words, for every 10 working adults, there
were 4.8 dependent persons in 2010 and 7.1 dependent persons in 2050. Assuming no migration, the
dependency ratio will increase to 76 in more developed regions in 2050 with 7.6 dependent persons per
10 working adults. By major area, Northern America, followed by Europe and Oceania would be most
affected if there were no international migration and would all experience an increase in dependency
ratios.

TABLE 16. DEPENDENCY RATIO UNDER THE MEDIUM VARIANT PROJECTION AND ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Dependency ratio in 2050 Difference between Difference as

Dependency zero-migration percentage of
ratio in Medium Zero-migration scenario and medium
Development group and major area 2010 variant scenario medium variant variant

World ................................................ 53 56 56 — —
More developed regions................ 48 71 76 4.5 6.4
Less developed regions ................. 54 54 54 -0.3 -0.5
Least developed countries ......... 76 53 52 -0.2 -0.5
Africa ................................................ 78 52 52 -0.2 -0.4
Asia ................................................... 49 54 54 -0.1 -0.3
Europe............................................... 46 74 77 3.3 4.5
Latin America and the Caribbean ..... 53 58 56 -1.2 -2.2
Northern America ............................. 49 64 69 5.6 8.8
Oceania ............................................. 54 61 63 2.5 4.2

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).

At the country level, the impact of migration on the age structure of populations becomes even
more evident (table 17). Overall, international migration reduces dependency ratios in labour-recruiting
countries, such as the oil-exporting countries in Western Asia. Also, countries of immigration in Northern
America, Oceania or Europe, such as Australia, Canada, Italy, Greece and Spain are projected to have
higher dependency ratios when migration is set to zero. In general, however, the changes in the
dependency ratios are fairly modest for countries in which populating ageing is more advanced. For
example, in the case of Japan, a country with the second highest median age in the world in 2050, the
dependency ratio under the medium variant would change very little from a high of 96 in 2050 to 99
under the zero-migration scenario. Thus, international migration can play a role in modifying population
decline or reductions of the working-age population, but it cannot reverse the trend of population ageing.

26 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 17. COUNTRIES AND AREAS WITH THE GREATEST INCREASE IN DEPENDENCY RATIO UNDER
ZERO-MIGRATION SCENARIO, 2050

Dependency ratio in 2050

Zero- Increase (zero-migration

Population in 2010 Dependency Medium migration scenario minus medium
Rank Country or area (thousands) ratio in 2010 variant scenario variant)

1. United Arab Emirates ...........................................................

4 707 25 37 104 67.1
2. Qatar .....................................................................................
1 508 20 38 95 56.9
3. China, Hong Kong SAR .......................................................
7 069 32 78 108 29.5
4. Kuwait ..................................................................................
3 051 34 57 79 21.7
5. Switzerland ...........................................................................
7 595 48 72 88 16.5
6. Spain .....................................................................................
45 317 47 87 98 10.6
7. Canada ..................................................................................
33 890 44 70 80 10.3
8. Greece ...................................................................................
11 183 48 82 92 10.2
9. Austria ..................................................................................
8 387 48 77 86 9.0
10. Italy.......................................................................................
60 098 53 88 96 8.4
11. United Kingdom ...................................................................
61 899 51 65 73 8.2
12. Australia ...............................................................................
21 512 49 68 75 7.5
13. Slovenia ................................................................................
2 025 43 80 87 7.3
14. Ireland...................................................................................
4 589 47 69 76 6.7

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). World Population
Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6).
NOTE: Only countries with a population of more than 1 million inhabitants in 2010 are included.

_____________
REFERENCE

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2009). World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision.
Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.09.XII.6.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 27

International Migration Report 2009
 IV. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

The international normative framework on international migration is based on (a) human rights
instruments adopted by the General Assembly and (b) migrant worker rights instruments adopted by the
International Labour Organization (ILO). These instruments have been ratified in varying degrees by
Member States (figure 15). Instruments designed to protect refugees and to prevent and prosecute
migrant smuggling and human trafficking have been ratified by more than two-thirds of Member States
by 2009, whereas instruments protecting the rights of migrant workers have been ratified by less than
one-third of Member States.

Figure 15: Status of ratification of legal instruments related to international migration

by Member States, 1950-2009a

160

140
Number of Member State

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Refugee Convention 1951 Refugee Protocoll 1967

Migrant Worker Convention 1990 ILO Convention Migration for Employment 1949
ILO Convention Migrant Workers 1975 Human Trafficking Protocol 2000
Migrant Smuggling Protocol 2000

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).
a
Of Member States of the United Nations (192) or of them International Labour Organization (183).

The 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, both relating to the Status of Refugees, are the
central elements in the international regime of refugee protection, and central to the activities of the
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The 1951 Convention defines
the term “refugee”, enumerates the rights of refugees, and establishes the legal obligation of States
regarding refugee protection. The Convention prohibits the expulsion or forcible return of persons
accorded refugee status: no refugee should be returned in any manner to any country or territory in which
his or her life or freedom would be threatened (non-refoulement). The 1967 Protocol extended the
application of the 1951 Convention to persons who became refugees after 1 January 1951, without any
geographic limitation. By mid-2009, the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol had each been ratified by
144 Member States, and 141 States were Parties to both instruments (table 18). The 147 States that had
ratified either the 1951 Convention or the 1967 Protocol collectively hosted 6.2 million refugees in 2008,
41 per cent of the global refugee population. This includes 4.7 million Palestinian refugees who fall under
the mandate of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). If they were excluded, the
proportion of refugees hosted by States Parties would increase to 59 per cent.

28 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 18. STATUS OF RATIFICATION OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELATED
TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION

Parties to United Nations

Year instruments
entered
Instrument into force Number Percentagea

Refugees

1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1954 144 75

1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees 1967 145` 75

Migrant workers

1949 ILO Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised) (No. 1952 49 27
97)
1975 ILO Convention concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the 1978 23 13
Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and Treatment of Migrant Workers
(Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143)
1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant 2003 41 21
Workers and Members of Their Families

Smuggling and trafficking

2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, 2003 131 68
Especially Women and Children
2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air 2004 119 62

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).
a
Of Member States of the International Labour Organization (183) or the United Nations (192).

The ILO has adopted two legally-binding instruments that specifically address migrant workers;
the Convention concerning Migration for Employment (Revised 1949) (No. 97), and the Convention
concerning Migrations in Abusive Conditions and the Promotion of Equality of Opportunity and
Treatment of Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) (No. 143). Both have been complemented by
non-binding recommendations. The 1949 Convention concerning Migration for Employment covers
recruitment and working conditions’ standards for migrant workers. It establishes the principle of equal
treatment of migrant workers and nationals with regard to laws, regulations and administrative practices
that concern living and working conditions, remuneration, social security, employment taxes and access
to justice. The 1975 Convention was the first multilateral attempt to address irregular migration and to
call for sanctions against “traffickers”. It emphasizes that Member States are obliged to respect the basic
human rights of all migrant workers, including irregular migrants. It also provides that lawfully present
migrant workers and their families should not only be entitled to equal treatment but also to equality of
opportunity, e.g. equal access to employment and occupation, trade union and cultural rights and
individual and collective freedoms. As of 1 July 2009, 49 ILO Member States out of 183 had ratified ILO
Convention No. 97; 23 Member States had ratified No. 143; 17 Member States had ratified both
instruments, representing 9 per cent of ILO Member States and hosting five per cent of all international
migrants worldwide (11 million) in 2010.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 29

International Migration Report 2009
 The 1990 International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrants and Members
of Their Families is the third and most comprehensive international treaty on migrant worker rights. It
establishes international definitions for categories of migrant workers and formalizes the responsibility of
States in upholding the rights of migrant workers and members of their families. The Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights monitors the implementation of the convention and works to further its
ratification. As of mid-2009, 41 States (out of a total of 192 United Nations Member States) had ratified
the convention. They collectively hosted 15.3 million international migrants in 2010, about seven per cent
of the global migrant population. None of the States Parties to the 1990 Convention were major migrant
receiving countries, and only five of them hosted more than one million international migrants. Overall,
82 countries had ratified at least one of the three instruments regarding migrant workers. Together they
hosted 32 per cent of the world migrant population in 2010, 69 millions in absolute figures.

The two protocols seeking to stem irregular migration concern human trafficking and migrant
smuggling. They supplement the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. The
2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children
took effect in 2003 and had been ratified by 131 countries as of 1 July 2009. The Protocol defines human
trafficking as the acquisition of people by improper means, such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim
of exploiting them. The Protocol aims to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, to protect and assist
victims of such trafficking, in particular women and children, and to promote cooperation among States
Parties. The 2000 Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air took effect in 2004
and had been ratified by 119 countries as of 1 July 2009. As set out in the Protocol, smuggling of
migrants involves the procurement for financial or other material benefit of the illegal entry of a person
into a State of which the person is not a national or permanent resident. The Protocol is an effective tool
for combating and preventing the smuggling of human cargo. It reaffirms that migration in itself is not a
crime, and that migrants may be victims in need of protection. The United Nations Office on Drugs and
Crime (UNODC) assists Member States in implementing the Protocols. The rapid increase in the
ratification of the human trafficking and the migrant smuggling protocols indicates the growing concern
of Member States about irregular migration and its detrimental effects.

Table 19 and figure 16 show the status of ratification for the above-mentioned conventions and
protocols by development group and major area. For the 1951 Convention and its 1967 Protocol, both
relating to the status of refugees, the rate of ratification is low in Asia with 40 per cent and in Oceania
with 50 per cent, while the remaining areas show ratification rates above 80 per cent for at least one of the
two instruments. Ratification rates of the protocol relating to human trafficking and of the protocol
relating to migrant smuggling are highest for Member States in Northern America (100 per cent) and
Europe (84 and 86 per cent). Overall, the three instruments relating to migrant rights’ protection show
lower ratification rates compared to the other migration-related instruments in all major areas. Latin
America and the Caribbean has the highest ratification rate for at least one migrant rights’ instrument,
whereas Northern America has not ratified any of these three instruments.

30 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 TABLE 19. DISTRIBUTION OF STATES PARTIES TO LEGAL INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
BY DEVELOPMENT GROUP AND MAJOR AREA

ILO conventions States parties to United Nations instruments

1990 2000 2000

1949 Migration 1975 Migrant Migrant Human Migrant 1951 1967
for Employment Workers Workers Trafficking Smuggling Refugee Refugee
Development group and major area No. 097 No. 143 Convention Protocol Protocol Convention Protocol

World……………………………….. 49 23 41 131 119 144 144

More developed regions…………. 17 11 2 41 40 46 46
Less developed regions………….. 32 12 39 90 79 98 98
Least developed countries…….. 5 5 10 27 24 39 38
Africa……………………………….. 10 7 16 36 33 48 48
Asia…………………………………. 7 4 8 27 21 19 19
Europe………………………………. 16 11 2 37 36 42 41
Latin America and the Caribbean…... 15 1 15 26 24 27 27
Northern America…………………... — — — 2 2 1 2
Oceania……………………………... 1 — — 3 3 7 7

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

Figure 16: Distribution of States parties to international instruments related to international migration
by major area
100

80

60
Percentage

40

20

0
Africa Asia Europe Latin America and Northern America Oceania
the Caribbean

1951 Refugee Convention 1967 Refugee Protocol 1949 Migration for Employment
ILO No. 097
2000 Human Trafficking Protocol 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol 2000 Migrant Smuggling Protocol

1975 Migrant Workers

ILO No. 143
Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 31

International Migration Report 2009
This page is intentionally left blank
 PART TWO:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT

AT THE UNITED NATIONS
This page is intentionally left blank
 V. RESOLUTIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY
AND THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

A. 61/208 International migration and development

The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 49/127 of 19 December 1994, 50/123 of 20 December 1995, 52/189 of
18 December 1997, 54/212 of 22 December 1999, 56/203 of 21 December 2001, 58/208 of
23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22 December 2004 and 60/227 of 23 December 2005 on international
migration and development, and 60/206 of 22 December 2005 on the facilitation and reduction of the
cost of transfer of migrant remittances,
Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome, 1
Recalling further its resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and coordinated
implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and
summits in the economic and social fields,
Recalling its resolution 60/265 of 30 June 2006 on the follow-up to the development outcome
of the 2005 World Summit, including the Millennium Development Goals and the other internationally
agreed development goals,
Reaffirming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 2 and recalling the International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 3 the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 4 and the Convention on the Rights of the
Child,5
Recalling the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers
and Members of Their Families, 6
Recalling also Commission on Population and Development resolution 2006/2 of 10 May
2006,7
Acknowledging the important nexus between international migration and development and the
need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to count ries of origin, transit
and destination, and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to the global
community,
Acknowledging also the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to
development, as well as the complex interrelationship between migration and development,
Reaffirming the resolve expressed by Heads of State and Government to take measures to
ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of
their families,8
Noting the efforts of Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and
programmes and international and intergovernmental organizations, including the International
Organization for Migration, in respect of convening events at the national, regional and international
levels with a view to advancing the dialogue on the issue of international migration and development,

1
See resolution 60/1.
2
Resolution 217 A (III).
3
United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 660, No. 9464.
4
Ibid., vol. 1249, No. 20378.
5
Ibid., vol. 1577, No. 27531.
6
Ibid., vol. 2220, No. 39481.
7
See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2006, Supplement No. 5 (E/2006/25), chap. I, sect. B.
8
See resolutions 55/2 and 60/1.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 35

International Migration Report 2009
 Noting with interest the offer of the Government of Belgium to convene a state-led initiative,
the Global Forum on Migration and Development, in 2007,
1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General;9
2. Welcomes the convening of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and
Development in New York on 14 and 15 September 2006, and the high level and broad participation
that provided an opportunity to discuss the multidimensional aspects of international migration and
development;
3. Takes note of the summary of the High-level Dialogue by the President of the General
Assembly;10
4. Welcomes the heightened awareness achieved by the High-level Dialogue on the issue,
and decides to consider, at its sixty-third session, possible options for appropriate follow-up to the
High-level Dialogue;
5. Also welcomes the ongoing efforts of Governments in the area of regional and
interregional cooperation and regional consultative processes, where they exist, on migration, and
encourages consideration of development dimensions in such processes, towards facilitating the
dialogue and the exchange of information and experiences, fostering coordination at the regional and
national levels, building common understanding, promoting cooperation, contributing to capacity -
building and strengthening partnerships among countries of origin, transit and destination;
6. Takes note with interest of the establishment of the Global Migration Group;
7. Calls upon all relevant bodies, agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations
system and other relevant intergovernmental, regional and subregional organizations, within their
respective mandates, to continue to address the issue of international migration and development, with
a view to integrating migration issues, including a gender perspective and cultural diversity, in a more
coherent way within the broader context of the implementation of internationally agreed development
goals, including the Millennium Development Goals and respect for human rights;
8. Recalls its resolution 55/93 of 4 December 2000, by which it proclaimed 18 December
International Day of the Migrant, and invites Member States and intergovernmental and non-
governmental organizations to include in the observance of International Day of the Migrant the
developmental dimension of international migration, as highlighted by the High -level Dialogue on
International Migration and Development held in New York, by sharing experiences and best practices
on, inter alia, how to maximize the benefits of international migration and reduce its negative impacts;
9. Requests the Secretary-General to submit a report to the General Assembly at its sixty-
third session on the implementation of the present resolution;
10. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its sixty-third session the sub-item
entitled “International migration and development”.

83rd plenary meeting

20 December 2006

9
A/60/871.
10
A/61/515.

36 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 B. 61/515 Summary of the High-level Dialogue on International
Migration and Development:
Note by the President of the General Assembly

I. Format and participation

1. In accordance with paragraph 11 of General Assembly resolution 60/227 of 23 December
2005, the President of the sixty-first session of the General Assembly has the honour to transmit
herewith the summary of the first High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development
that the General Assembly conducted on 14 and 15 September 2006 at United Nations Headquarters.
2. The High-level Dialogue was opened by the President of the General Assembly. Her
statement was followed by statements from the Secretary-General and the President of the Economic
and Social Council. The Dialogue included four plenary meetings at which statements were made by
high-level officials of 127 Member States, including 1 Vice-President, 47 ministers and 40 vice-
ministers. Representatives of 1 Observer State and 10 intergovernmental entities and organizations
having received a standing invitation to participate as observers in the sessions and the work of the
Assembly also made statements.
3. Four interactive round tables were held during the afternoon of 14 September and the
morning of 15 September. Participants in the round tables included 162 high-level representatives of
Member States, officials of 16 United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, the Executive
Secretaries of 2 United Nations regional commissions, the Director-General of the International
Organization for Migration (IOM) and representatives of 12 non-governmental organizations, civil
society and private sector entities.
4. Each round table considered a different topic. Round table 1 focused on the effects of
international migration on economic and social development and was chaired by Tarja Filatov, Minister
of Labour of Finland. Round table 2 discussed measures to ensure respect for and protection of the
human rights of all migrants, and to prevent and combat smuggling of migrants and traffick ing in
persons, and had Francisco Laínez, Minister for Foreign Affairs of El Salvador, as chair. Round table 3
considered the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development, including
remittances, and was chaired by Kastriot Sulka, Deputy Minister of Labour, Welfare and Equal
Opportunities of Albania. Round table 4 discussed ways of promoting the building of partnerships and
capacity-building and the sharing of best practices at all levels, including the bilateral and regional
levels, for the benefit of countries and migrants alike, and was chaired by Jean -François Ndongou,
Minister, Deputy to the Minister of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Cooperation, Francophonie and
Social Integration of Gabon.
5. At the afternoon plenary meeting on 15 September, summaries of the deliberations
conducted in the round tables were presented orally by the chairpersons of the round tables. After all
the statements in the plenary were made, the President of the General Assembly delivered a closing
statement.

II. Key issues

6. The High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development demonstrated the
strong commitment of Member States, United Nations entities, observers, non -governmental
organizations, civil society and the private sector to examining the relationship and synergies between
international migration and development. There was general consensus that the High -level Dialogue
presented a unique opportunity to identify ways and means to maximize the developmental benefits of
international migration and to reduce its negative impacts.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 37

International Migration Report 2009
 7. Participants stressed the global character of international migration. They affirmed that
international migration was a growing phenomenon, both in scope and in complexity, affecting
virtually all countries in the world. They agreed that international migration could be a positive force
for development in both countries of origin and countries of destination, provided that it was supported
by the right set of policies.
8. Participants noted that international migrants contributed to development in both
developing and developed countries. In some countries, migrants were essential in meeting labour
shortages. A number of participants also underscored the social and cultural contributions of migrants.
Some countries reported on their long experience in receiving and integrating international migrants.
Other countries had only recently become migrant receiving countries. Many participants mentioned
how their countries had benefited from the emigration of their citizens and from the financial and other
contributions that migrant communities had made to the development of their countries. The role of
migrant entrepreneurs in reinvigorating urban areas was mentioned.
9. Participants felt that it was essential to address the root causes of international migration to
ensure that people migrated out of choice rather than necessity. They observed that people often had to
migrate because of poverty, conflict, human rights violations, poor governance or lack of employ ment.
There was widespread support for incorporating international migration issues in national development
plans, including poverty reduction strategies. Participants noted that international migration could
contribute to the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the
Millennium Development Goals, but cautioned against viewing international migration by itself as a
long-term development strategy. The need to generate jobs with decent working conditions and to
ensure that sustainable livelihoods were possible in all countries was emphasized.
10. Participants recognized that international migration, development and human rights were
intrinsically interconnected. Respect for the fundamental rights and freedoms of all migrants wa s
considered essential for reaping the full benefits of international migration. Many noted that some
vulnerable groups, such as migrant women and children, needed special protection. Governments were
called upon to ratify and implement the core human rights conventions and other relevant international
instruments, including the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families. Participants underlined the need for concerted efforts on the
part of Governments to combat xenophobia, discrimination, racism and the social exclusion of migrant
populations.
11. Participants emphasized that the social consequences of international migration deserved
urgent attention. The integration of international migrants in receiving countries required mutual
adaptation and acceptance by both the host society and the migrants themselves. It was important to
combat all types of intolerance. Information campaigns about the positive contribution of international
migrants to the host society and about the rights and responsibilities of international migrants were
deemed useful.
12. Participants acknowledged that remittances were the most tangible benefit of international
migration for countries of origin. They noted that the volume of remittances had increased markedly in
recent years. While remittances benefited millions of families of migrants, participants believed that
their development potential could be enhanced by appropriate measures. These encompassed
increasing competition among money-transfer companies and banks to reduce transfer fees, improving
the access to banking services, including credit, of migrants and their families and expanding financial
literacy in countries of origin. There was consensus that remittances were private flows and should not
be considered a substitute for official development assistance, direct foreign investment or debt relief.
Some participants warned about the potentially negative consequences of remittances, including the
culture of dependency that they might foster at both the household and national levels.
13. Participants agreed that migrant communities had significant potential to contribute to the
development of their countries of origin. A number of countries had taken measures to strengthen ties
with their nationals abroad and to encourage highly skilled workers in the direction of return and
circular migration. Several participants noted that, through co-development projects, migrant

38 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
entrepreneurs had been agents of development in their countries of origin. The role of international
migrants in transferring know-how, skills, technology, expertise and new ways of thinking to their
countries of origin was also underscored.
14. Participants also focused on ways of minimizing the negative consequences of highly
skilled emigration from developing countries. The outflow of highly skilled workers from the health
and education sectors was of particular concern, since it compromised the delivery of services in
countries of origin. Participants urged the implementation of measures to retain highly skilled workers
by, among other things, ensuring equitable pay and decent working conditions. The promotion of
return, even on a temporary basis, of skilled workers to their countries of origin was a lso
recommended. Some participants noted that their countries had adopted or were about to adopt codes
of conduct barring the active recruitment of health workers from developing countries affected by
labour shortages in the health and education sectors. A number of participants suggested that
cooperative arrangements could be made to train skilled workers in developing countries and others
argued for different mechanisms for compensation.
15. Participants remarked that labour migration was crucial for the world economy. In some
countries, the labour market was highly dependent on foreign workers. In others, temporary labour
migration allowed for the filling of specific labour needs. Participants noted that the relatively high
participation of women in labour migration had prompted some countries to re-examine their labour
migration regulations and procedures to ensure that they were gender sensitive and that they offered
adequate protection for female migrants.
16. Participants noted that about half of all international migrants were female. Women, like
men, migrated in order to improve their livelihoods. For many women migration was a means of
empowerment. The entrepreneurial potential of female migrants deserved support, and the contribution
of migrant women to development in both countries of origin and those of destination had to be
recognized. However, migration also entailed risks that were often more serious for women than for
men, especially when women were relegated to undesirable low-paying jobs. It was important,
therefore, to adopt policies that addressed the particular circumstances and experiences of female
migrants and reduced their vulnerability to exploitation and abuse. Women and girls who were victims
of trafficking were entitled to special protection.
17. Participants expressed concern about the increase in irregular migration and the
exploitation and abuse of migrants in an irregular situation. There was general consensus that
trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, especially women and children, should be
combated with urgency at the national, bilateral, regional and global levels. Some participants noted
that restrictive migration policies contributed to an increase in irregular migration and argued for an
increase in legal avenues for migration and for the regularization of migrants in an irregular situation.
Participants suggested that information campaigns highlighting the dangers involved in migrating
without authorization could help in reducing irregular flows. Although effective border control was
considered necessary by many participants, there was recognition that security and control measures
alone would not eliminate irregular migration. Hence, there was a call for migration policies that could
produce a better balance between unmet labour demand and the inflows of workers from abroad.
Participants also underscored that measures to control irregular migration should not prevent persons
fleeing persecution and other vulnerable populations from seeking international prote ction.
18. Most participants considered that national strategies to address the impact of international
migration on development should be complemented by strengthened bilateral, regional and multilateral
cooperation. They considered that such cooperation was needed to promote legal, safe and orderly
migration, reduce irregular migration and improve the chances of reaping the full benefits of
international migration. The proliferation of regional consultative processes was seen by participants as
proof that cooperation was particularly effective at the regional level. Many participants provided
examples of regional mechanisms that, through improved dialogue and better mutual understanding,
had led to practical measures to address migration issues.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 39

International Migration Report 2009
 19. Participants also recognized the usefulness of bilateral agreements and cited examples of
those addressing labour migration, the portability of pensions, the readmission of nationals or the fight
against trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants. Many participants considered that
regional and bilateral initiatives had to be complemented by initiatives at the global level, noting that
the United Nations was a natural venue for such initiatives. Participants also mentioned the work of the
Global Commission on International Migration, whose report provided useful guidance, the
International Agenda for Migration Management, produced by the Berne Initiative, and the annual
dialogue on migration policy sponsored by IOM.

III. Follow-up to the High-level Dialogue

20. Nearly all Member States participating in the High-level Dialogue expressed an interest in
the continuation of global dialogue on international migration and development. There was widespread
support for the proposal of the Secretary-General to create a global forum as a venue for discussing
issues related to international migration and development in a systematic and comprehensive way.
21. Many participants stressed that, if established, the forum should foster practical, evidence -
based measures to enhance the benefits of international migration and minimize its negative effects.
The forum, participants noted, should be informal, voluntary and led by Member States operating in a
transparent and open manner. It would not produce negotiated outcome s or normative decisions, but it
would promote closer cooperation among Governments.
22. A number of participants cautioned that the proposed forum should avoid duplicating
existing structures and ongoing activities in other entities. If established, the f orum was expected to
rely on the existing expertise in the United Nations system and other international organizations. It
would build on the experiences of regional consultative processes and work closely with the recently
established Global Migration Group. The precise relationship between the forum and the United
Nations was the subject of some debate. One proposal was to link the forum to the United Nations
through the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on International Migration and
Development, Peter Sutherland.
23. A few participants argued that adequate means to address international migration issues
already existed in different entities or structures, including in the United Nations system. They
favoured the use of existing institutions, including IOM and the Global Migration Group, to continue
addressing the international migration and development nexus. Some participants considered that
dialogue could be more effective at the regional level than at the global level, perhaps enhanced by a
periodic meeting of the chairs of the regional processes.
24. The Government of Belgium offered to host the first meeting of the global forum in 2007,
an offer that was generally welcomed. The Secretary-General stated that, should Member States deem
it useful, he was ready to establish a voluntary trust fund to support the activities of the forum. His
decision to extend the mandate of the Special Representative of the Secretary -General on International
Migration and Development received wide support.

40 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 C. 62/270 Global Forum on Migration and Development

The General Assembly,

Recalling that the 2005 World Summit Outcome acknowledged the important nexus between
international migration and development and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that
migration presents and reaffirmed the resolve to take measures to ensure respect for and protection of the
human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families,1
Considering that the summary of the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and
Development, held in New York on 14 and 15 September 2006, as contained in a note by the President of
the General Assembly,2 underlined the close link between migration, development and human rights, as
well as the fact that respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants was essential
for taking advantage of the positive aspects of international migration,
Recalling its resolutions 61/208 of 20 December 2006 on international migration and
development and 62/156 of 18 December 2007 on the protection of migrants,
Stressing the need to promote a comprehensive and coherent discussion on all aspects of the
phenomenon of migration, taking into account its importance on the global agenda,
Recognizing the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional aspects of international
migration and development, in order to identify appropriate ways and means of dealing with the
challenges and opportunities that international migration presents,
Recalling the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to development, as well
as the interrelationship between migration and development, and the importance of including the
perspective of the human rights of migrants as a priority matter in relevant debates and discussions that
are held in the United Nations system,
Considering that the report of the Secretary-General of 18 May 2006 on international migration
and development, prepared pursuant to General Assembly resolutions 59/241 of 22 December 2004 and
60/227 of 23 December 2005, highlighted the fact that, within the United Nations system, there is no
entity mandated to systematically address all matters related to international migration,3
Recalling that Member States participating in the High-level Dialogue on International Migration
and Development expressed interest in continuing the dialogue on migration and development, and that
there was widespread support for the proposal of the Secretary-General to create a global forum to
address, in depth and in a systematic manner, all topics related to international migration and
development,
Taking note of the summary report of the first meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and
Development, held in Brussels from 9 to 11 July 2007 under the auspices of the Government of Belgium, 4
and the generous offer of the Government of the Philippines to host the second meeting, from 27 to 30
October 2008, in Manila,
Noting with appreciation that the convening of the first meeting of the Global Forum on
Migration and Development has already resulted in the establishment of official focal points on migration
and development at the national level,
Recognizing that the Global Forum on Migration and Development currently functions under the
Guiding Principles of the Forum of 2007 and as a State-led initiative, and that it should be strengthened

1
See resolution 60/1, paras. 61 and 62.
2
A/61/515.
3
See A/60/871.
4
A/C.2/62/2, annex.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 41

International Migration Report 2009
with the aim of addressing the multidimensional aspects of international migration and development with
a comprehensive approach,
1. Recognizes that exchanges of information and expertise, consultation and closer
cooperation between the Global Forum on Migration and Development and the United Nations could
have a positive impact, and in this regard:
(a) Welcomes the transmission to the Secretary-General by the Government of Belgium of the
summary report of the first meeting of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, circulated as a
document of the General Assembly,4 and invites organizers of subsequent meetings of the Forum to
continue this practice;
(b) Requests the Secretary-General to include in his report called for in resolution 61/208 an
evaluation of the existing cooperation mechanisms on migration and development and to make it
available to the Global Forum on Migration and Development, at its second meeting, in 2008;
(c) Encourages Member States to participate actively in, and the organizations that are
members of the Global Migration Group, within their respective areas of expertise, to contribute and to
provide technical support to the Global Forum on Migration and Development;
(d) Notes that the Global Forum on Migration and Development, through its Steering Group,
maintains links with the Secretary-General, notably through his Special Representative on International
Migration and Development;
2. Takes note with interest of the agenda prepared for the discussions of the Global Forum on
Migration and Development, and the title of the second meeting of the Global Forum, “Protecting and
empowering migrants for development”, and particularly welcomes the inclusion of the topic of the
human rights of migrants;
3. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its sixty-third session
a report on the implementation of the present resolution.

109th plenary meeting

20 June 2008

42 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 D. 63/225 International migration and development

The General Assembly,

Recalling its resolutions 58/208 of 23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22 December 2004, 60/227
of 23 December 2005, 60/206 of 22 December 2005 on the facilitation and reduction of the cost of
transfer of migrant remittances, 62/156 of 18 December 2007 on the protection of migrants, 62/270
of 20 June 2008 on the Global Forum on Migration and Development and 61/208 of 20 December
2006 on international migration and development,
Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome 1 and its resolution 60/265 of 30 June 2006
on the follow-up to the development outcome of the 2005 World Summit, including the Millennium
Development Goals and the other internationally agreed development goals, and taking note of the
Doha Declaration on Financing for Development, adopted on 2 December 2008,2
Recalling further its resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and coordinated
implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences and
summits in the economic and social fields,
Reaffirming the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 3 and recalling the International
Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,4 the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights,4 the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 5 the
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 6 and the Convention
on the Rights of the Child, 7
Recalling the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families, 8 and the invitation to Member States that have not yet done
so to consider signing and ratifying or acceding to the Convention,
Recalling also the importance of the decent work agenda of the International Labour
Organization, including for migrant workers, and the eight fundamental Conventions of the
International Labour Organization,
Recalling further Commission on Population and Development resolution 2006/2 of 10 May
2006,9
Bearing in mind the summary by the President of the General Assembly of the 2006 High-
level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, 10
Acknowledging that the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development
provided a useful opportunity to address constructively the issue of international migration and
development and heightened awareness of the issue,
Acknowledging also the important nexus between international migration and development
and the need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to countries of
origin, transit and destination, and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to
the global community,

1
See resolution 60/1.
2
A/CONF.212/L.1/Rev.1.
3
Resolution 217 A (III).
4
See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex.
5
United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 660, No. 9464.
6
Ibid., vol. 1249, No. 20378.
7
Ibid., vol. 1577, No. 27531.
8
Ibid., vol. 2220, No. 39481.
9
See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2006, Supplement No. 5 (E/2006/25), chap. I, sect. B.
10
A/61/515.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 43

International Migration Report 2009
 Acknowledging further the important contribution provided by migrants and migration to
development, as well as the complex interrelationship between migration and development,
Recognizing that remittance flows constitute sources of private capital and that remittances
have increased over time, complement domestic savings and are instrumental in improvin g the well-
being of recipients,
1. Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General;11
2. Encourages efforts by Member States and the international community to promote a
balanced, coherent and comprehensive approach to international migration and development,
particularly by building partnerships and ensuring coordinated action to develop capacities, i ncluding
for the management of migration;
3. Emphasizes that respect for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants
is essential for reaping the benefits of international migration;
4. Recognizes with appreciation the important contribution made by migrants and
migration to development in countries of origin and destination;
5. Takes note of the Global Forum on Migration and Development, which held its first
meeting in Brussels from 9 to 11 July 2007, and its second meeting in Manila from 27 to 30 October
2008, as an informal, voluntary, open, State-led initiative, and also takes note of the generous offer of
the Government of Greece to host the third meeting of the Global Forum, to be held in Athens on 4
and 5 November 2009, as well as the offers of other Governments to hold subsequent meetings of the
Forum;
6. Invites the countries of origin and destination, in accordance with domestic legislation,
to undertake appropriate measures to facilitate the contribution of migrants and migrant commun ities
to the development of their countries of origin;
7. Recognizes the need for Member States to continue considering the multidimensional
aspects of international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means
of maximizing the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts;
8. Reaffirms that there is a need to address and promote conditions for cheaper, faster and
safer transfers of remittances in both source and recipient countries and, as appropriate, to encourage
opportunities for development-oriented investment in recipient countries by beneficiaries that are
willing and able to undertake such action, bearing in mind that remittances cannot be considered a
substitute for foreign direct investment, official development assistance, debt relief or other public
sources of financing for development;
9. Reiterates the need to consider how the migration of highly skilled persons and those
with advanced education affects the development efforts of developing countries;
10. Acknowledges the need to analyse the impact of certain forms of temporary migration,
circular migration and return migration on the development of countries of origin, transit and
destination, as well as on migrants themselves;
11. Urges Member States and relevant international organizations to incorporate a gender
perspective in all policies and programmes on international migration in order to, inter alia, reinforce
the positive contributions that migrant women can make to the economic, social and human
development of their countries of origin and their host countries, and to strengthen the protection of
women migrants from all forms of violence, discrimination, trafficking, exploitation and abuse by
promoting their rights and welfare, while recognizing in this regard the importance of joint and

11
A/63/265 and Corr.1.

44 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
collaborative approaches and strategies at the bilateral, regional, interregional and international
levels;
12. Requests all Member States, in accordance with their relevant international obligations
and commitments, to promote cooperation at all levels in addressing the challenge of undocumented
or irregular migration so as to foster a secure, regular and orderly process of migration;
13. Calls upon all relevant bodies, agencies, funds and programmes of the United Nations
system, and other relevant intergovernmental, regional and subregional organizations, including the
Global Migration Group, within their respective mandates, to continue to address the issue of
international migration and development, with a view to integrating migration issues, including a
gender perspective and cultural diversity, in a more coherent way, within the context of the
implementation of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium
Development Goals, and with respect for human rights;
14. Calls upon the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations
and multilateral institutions to enhance their cooperation in the development of methodologies for the
collection and processing of statistical data on international migration and the situation of migrants in
countries of origin, transit and destination and to assist Member States in their capacity -building
efforts in this regard;
15. Encourages the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations to
support developing countries in their efforts to address migration issues within their respective
development strategies in the context of the implementation of the internationally agreed
development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals;
16. Decides to hold, within existing resources, a High-level Dialogue on International
Migration and Development during its sixty-eighth session, in 2013, the focus and modalities of
which will be decided upon at its sixty-seventh session;
17. Also decides to convene, within existing resources, at its sixty-fifth session, in 2011, a
one-day informal thematic debate on international migration and development;
18. Further decides to include in the provisional agenda of its sixty-fifth session the sub-
item entitled “International migration and development”;
19. Invites the regional commissions to examine regional aspects of international migration
and development and to provide inputs, in accordance with respective mandates and within exis ting
resources, to the report of the Secretary-General on this item;
20. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its sixty-fifth
session a report on the implementation of the present resolution.

72nd plenary meeting

19 December 2008

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 45

International Migration Report 2009
 E. Resolution 2006/2 on International migration and development

The Commission on Population and Development,

Recalling the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and
Development adopted at Cairo,1 in particular chapter X on international migration, and the key actions for
the further implementation of the Programme of Action,2 in particular section II.C on international
migration,
Recognizing that the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference
on Population and Development and the key actions for its further implementation is integrally linked to
global efforts to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development and that the achievement of the
goals of the Programme of Action is consistent with and makes an essential contribution to the
achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development
Goals,
Recalling the relevant provisions on international migration contained, inter alia, in the
Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development,3 the Programme of Action of the World Summit for
Social Development,4 the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action5 and their periodic reviews, and the
Durban Declaration and Programme of Action adopted by the World Conference against Racism, Racial
Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance on 8 September 2001,6
Recalling also the 2005 World Summit Outcome of 16 September 2005,7
Recalling further General Assembly resolution 57/270 B of 23 June 2003 on the integrated and
coordinated implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the major United Nations conferences
and summits in the economic and social fields,
Recalling all General Assembly resolutions relevant to international migration and development,
Recalling also General Assembly resolutions 58/208 of 23 December 2003, 59/241 of 22
December 2004 and 60∕227 of 23 December 2005, which are relevant to the setting up and organizing of
the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development which will be held during the sixty-
first session of the Assembly and which will discuss the overall theme of the multidimensional aspects of
international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means to maximize the
development benefits and minimize the negative impacts,
Reaffirming the resolve expressed by the Heads of State and Government8 to take measures to
ensure respect for and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their
families,
Recalling the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,9 the International Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,10 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination against Women11 and the Convention on the Rights of the Child,12

1
See Report of the International Conference on Population and Development, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994 (United Nations publication, Sales
No. E.95.XIII.18).
2
See General Assembly resolution S-21/2 of 2 July 1999, annex, and Official Records of the General Assembly, Twenty-first Special Session,
Supplement No. 3 (A/S-21/5/Rev.1) and A/S-21/PV.9.
3
Report of the World Summit for Social Development, Copenhagen, 6-12 March 1995 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.96.IV.8), chap.
I, resolution 1, annex I.
4
Ibid., annex II.
5
Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 4-15 September 1995 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.96.IV.13), chap. I,
resolution 1, annexes I and II.
6
See A/CONF.189/12 and Corr.1, chap. I.
7
See General Assembly resolution 60/1.
8
See the United Nations Millennium Declaration, as contained in General Assembly resolution 55/2 of 8 September 2000,
and the 2005 World Summit Outcome.
9
General Assembly resolution 217 A (III).

46 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Recalling also the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant
Workers and Members of Their Families,13 which entered into force in July 2003,
Recalling further the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the
supplementing protocols thereto, namely, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
Persons, Especially Women and Children, and the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land,
Sea and Air,14
Acknowledging the important nexus between international migration and development and the
need to deal with the challenges and opportunities that migration presents to countries of origin, transit
and destination and recognizing that migration brings benefits as well as challenges to the global
community,
Bearing in mind that policies and initiatives on the issue of migration, including those that refer to
the orderly management of migration, should promote holistic approaches that take into account the
causes and consequences of the phenomenon, as well as the full respect of the human rights and
fundamental freedoms of migrants,
Recognizing that remittance flows constitute one of the important aspects of international
migration,
Noting that the proportion of women and girls among international migrants amounted to nearly
50 per cent in 2005 and deeply concerned about the risks that women and girls, including women migrant
workers, are exposed to in the context of migration, such as gender-based discrimination, multiple
aggravated forms of discrimination, violence, including sexual violence, migrant smuggling, trafficking in
persons, commercial sexual exploitation and economic exploitation, sexual abuse and other forms of
abuse,
Recognizing that the increasing feminization of international migration requires greater gender
sensitivity in all policies and efforts related to the subject of international migration,
Recognizing also the impact of migration on the effectiveness of public services, and the need to
address, as appropriate, the shortages of workers, including health and education workers, giving
appropriate attention to enhancing the capacity of developing countries in this regard,
Noting the efforts of Member States, relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and
programmes, and international and intergovernmental organizations, including the International
Organization for Migration, in respect of convening events at the national, regional and international
levels with a view to advancing the dialogue on the issue of international migration and development,
Taking note of the reports of the Secretary-General on world population monitoring15 and on the
monitoring of population programmes,16 both focusing on international migration and development, and
taking note also of the report of the Secretary-General on the flow of financial resources for assisting in
the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and
Development,17
Taking note also of the report of the Global Commission on International Migration entitled
“Migration in an interconnected world: new directions for action”,18 including its contribution to the

10
General Assembly resolution 2106 A (XX), annex.
11
General Assembly resolution 34/180, annex.
12
United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, No. 27531.
13
General Assembly resolution 45/158, annex.
14
General Assembly resolution 55/25, annexes I to III.
15
E/CN.9/2006/3.
16
E/CN.9/2006/4.
17
E/CN.9/2006/5.
18
Geneva, Global Commission on International Migration, October 2005.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 47

International Migration Report 2009
debate on international migration and development, and taking note further of the report as an input for
consideration at the High-level Dialogue,
1. Reaffirms the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and
Development1 and the key actions for its further implementation;2
2. Acknowledges the important contribution made by migrants and migration to development
in countries of origin and destination;
3. Recognizes the need for Member States to consider the multidimensional aspects of
international migration and development in order to identify appropriate ways and means of maximizing
the development benefits and minimizing the negative impacts;
4. Requests States to effectively promote and protect the human rights and fundamental
freedoms of all migrants regardless of their immigration status, especially those of women and children,
in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights9 and the international instruments to
which they are party;
5. Reaffirms the responsibility of Governments to safeguard and protect the rights of migrants
against illegal or violent acts, in particular acts of racial discrimination and crimes perpetrated with racist
or xenophobic motivation by individuals or groups, and urges them to reinforce measures in this regard;
6. Recognizes that trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants continue to pose a serious
challenge to humanity and require a concerted international response, and to that end urges all States to
devise, enforce and strengthen effective measures to prevent, combat and eliminate all forms of
trafficking in persons, to counter the demand for trafficked victims and to protect the victims, in particular
women and children subjected to forced labour, or sexual or commercial exploitation, violence or sexual
abuse;
7. Requests all Member States, in accordance with their relevant international obligations and
commitments, to promote cooperation at all levels in addressing the challenge of undocumented or
irregular migration so as to foster a secure, regular and orderly process of migration;
8. Calls upon States that have not yet done so to enact domestic legislation and to take further
effective measures to combat and prosecute international trafficking in persons and smuggling of
migrants;
9. Reaffirms the right of Governments to enforce their migration laws, consistent with their
international obligations;
10. Invites Governments, with the assistance of the international community, where
appropriate, to seek to make the option of remaining in one’s own country viable for all people, in
particular through efforts to achieve sustainable development, leading to a better economic balance
between developed and developing countries;
11. Calls upon States to facilitate family reunification in an expeditious and effective manner,
with due regard for applicable laws, as such reunification has a positive effect on the integration of
migrants;
12. Recognizes the importance of public awareness of opportunities, limitations and rights in
the event of migration;
13. Urges Member States and relevant international organizations to incorporate a gender
perspective in all policies and programmes on international migration in order to, inter alia, reinforce the
positive contributions that migrant women can make to the economic, social and human development of
their countries of origin and their host countries as well as to strengthen protection of women migrants
from all forms of violence, discrimination, trafficking, exploitation and abuse, by promoting their rights

48 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
and welfare, while recognizing in this regard the importance of joint and collaborative approaches and
strategies at the bilateral, regional, interregional and international levels;
14. Reiterates the need to consider how the migration of highly skilled persons and those with
advanced education impacts the development efforts of developing countries;
15. Acknowledges the need to analyse the impact of certain forms of temporary migration and
return migration;
16. Reaffirms that there is a need to address and to promote conditions for cheaper, faster and
safer transfers of remittances in both source and recipient countries and, as appropriate, to encourage
opportunities for development-oriented investment in recipient countries by beneficiaries that are willing
and able to undertake such action;
17. Invites the countries of origin and destination, in accordance with domestic legislation, to
undertake appropriate measures to facilitate the contribution of migrants and migrant communities to the
development of their countries of origin;
18. Recalls the commitments contained in the 2001 Declaration of Commitment on
HIV/AIDS19 to develop and begin to implement national, regional and international strategies that would
facilitate access to HIV/AIDS prevention programmes for migrants and mobile workers, including the
provision of information on health and social services;20
19. Invites Governments to set up or, where they already exist and where necessary, to
strengthen relevant institutions and mechanisms for, inter alia, data collection, analysis, the subsequent
elaboration of policies, programmes and projects, and their monitoring and evaluation, including by
improving skills and increasing resources, with a view to their providing timely, reliable and
disaggregated information, including, inter alia, sex- and age-specific information, on international
migration flows in countries of origin, transit and destination and their effects on development, and in this
regard invites the international community to provide financial and technical assistance to developing
countries;
20. Invites relevant international organizations and multilateral institutions to enhance their
cooperation on methodologies for the collection and processing of statistical data on international
migration and the situation of migrants;
21. Encourages efforts by Member States and the international community to promote a
balanced and comprehensive approach to international migration and development, particularly by
building partnerships and ensuring coordinated action to develop capacities, including for the
management of migration;
22. Invites Governments, where appropriate, to consider the linkages between international
migration and development in policy formulation by, inter alia, promoting, through a comprehensive
approach at the national level, collaboration and coordination among the governmental authorities in
charge of international migration, and those focusing on development or development cooperation, and
other relevant policy areas;
23. Recognizes the need to take concrete actions to strengthen bilateral, regional and
international cooperation and dialogue in the area of international migration and development and, where
appropriate, to develop and implement national policies and cooperative strategies to ensure that
migration contributes to the development of both countries of origin and countries of destination;
24. Urges the relevant United Nations bodies, organizations, funds and programmes, and other
relevant intergovernmental organizations working on international migration, including the International

19
General Assembly resolution S-26/2, annex.
20
Ibid., para. 50.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 49

International Migration Report 2009
Organization for Migration, to enhance within their respective mandates the coordination of their
activities, and to strengthen cooperation and collaboration;
25. Requests the Secretary-General to continue his substantive work on international migration
and development and, in collaboration with other relevant international organizations, funds and
programmes, to continue assessing the progress made in achieving the goals and objectives on
international migration and development set out in the outcomes of major United Nations conferences and
summits;
26. Looks forward to the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development to
be held during the sixty-first session of the General Assembly;
27. Recommends in this regard that the Economic and Social Council transmit the report of the
Commission on its thirty-ninth session to the High-level Dialogue.

50 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 PART THREE:

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION PROFILES

This page is intentionally left blank
 VI. DEFINITIONS AND SOURCES

International migrants

Total (thousands): The estimated total number of international migrants, both sexes combined, as
of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands. The basic data used to estimate the number of international
migrants was obtained mostly from population censuses. For 179 countries or areas, the estimate shown
corresponds to the number of persons born in a country other than that in which they lived, that is, the
foreign-born population. For a further 42 countries or areas where information on place of birth was not
available, the estimate shown corresponds to the number of foreigners. For the remaining 9 countries or
areas, no information on the number of foreign-born or foreign persons was available; the estimates were
imputed using a model.

The coverage of refugees in population censuses is uneven. In countries where refugees have
been resettled, granted refugee status and allowed to integrate, they are normally covered by the
population census as any other migrant. In such cases, there is no reason to make a special provision for
the consideration of refugees in estimating the international migrant stock. However, in many places,
refugees are required to reside in camps and other designated areas. In most countries in which refugees
are maintained segregated from the rest of the population, it is unlikely that population censuses cover
them. Furthermore, when refugee flows occur rapidly in situations of conflict, it is uncommon for a
population census to take place soon after and to reflect the newly arrived refugee population.
Consequently, for many countries hosting large refugee populations, the refugee statistics reported by the
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) are the only source of
information on persons who are recognized as refugees or find themselves in refugee-like situations.

In order to ensure that the estimates of the international migrant stock reflect properly the
numbers of refugees, the refugee figures reported by UNHCR and the United Nations Relief and Works
Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) were added to the estimates of the
international migrant stock for most developing countries. In doing so, care was taken to estimate refugee
stocks at mid-year (1 July) from the UNHCR data, which usually refer to the end of the year.

For developed countries, where most refugees have been admitted for resettlement and are
routinely included in population counts, be it by censuses or population registers, no such adjustment was
made. Nor was any adjustment made to reflect the number of asylum-seekers.

For more information on the data and methodology for estimating the international migrant stock,
see: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Trends in
International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Rev.2008).

Males (thousands): The total number of male migrants as of 1 July of the years indicated, in
thousands.

Females (thousands): The total number of female migrants as of 1 July of the years indicated, in
thousands.

Percentage of female migrants: The number of females as a percentage of the total international
migrant stock.

Percentage of total migrant stock: The number of international migrants living in the country as a
percentage of the total migrant stock in the world.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 53

International Migration Report 2009
 Migrants as a percentage of the total population: The number of international migrants as a
percentage of the total population of the country where they live.

Annual rate of change: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the international
migrant stock.

Annual rate of change excluding refugees: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the
international migrant stock excluding refugees.

Net migration of foreign born (thousands): An estimate of the net gain in the migrant stock
between two periods accounting for the effects of mortality.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009).
Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database,
POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2008). See: www.unmigration.org.

Refugees

Total (thousands): The total number of persons who are recognized as refugees under the 1951
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol or under the 1969 Organization of
African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa; those granted
refugee status in accordance with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR) Statute; those granted humanitarian status or temporary protection by the State in which they
find themselves; those in refugee-like situations; and Palestinian refugees registered with UNRWA.
Sources: UNHCR (2009). 2008 Global Trends: Refugees, Asylum-seekers, Returnees, Internally
Displaced and Stateless Persons. See: www.unhcr.org/statistics. UNRWA (2009). UNRWA in figures,
figures as of 31 December 2008. See: www.unrwa.org.

Percentage of international migrants: The number of refugees as a percentage of all international

migrants in the country where they live.

Percentage of total refugee population: The number of refugees living in the country over the
total number of refugees in the world.

Annual rate of change: The estimated exponential annual rate of change of the number of
refugees.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009).
Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2008 Revision (United Nations database,
POP/DB/MIG/Rev.2008). See: www.unmigration.org.

54 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 Remittances

Total (millions of current US dollars): The main source of data used by the World Bank is the
Balance of Payments Statistics of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). For countries that do not report
data on remittances in the Balance of Payment Statistics of the IMF, or that report only certain types of
remittances, the World Bank uses alternative estimates provided by World Bank country desks or data
from central banks. Remittances are defined as the sum of three types of transactions. “Workers'
remittances” are current private transfers from migrants staying in a country for a year or longer to
households in another country. Usually they are transfers between members of the same family residing in
different countries. If migrants are staying in a country for less than a year, their entire income in the host
country is recorded as “compensation of employees”. “Migrants' transfers” are related to the transfer of
household effects and financial assets that arise at the time when a migrant changes her or his country of
residence. They are not transactions between two different parties. Regional aggregates were calculated
by the United Nations Population Division.

Percentage of gross domestic product: The percentage of gross domestic product (GDP)
attributable to remittances.

Sources: World Bank (2009). Migration and Development Brief No. 10. See:
www.worldbank.org/prospects/migrationandremittances. International Monetary Fund (2009). World
Economic Outlook Database - April 2009. See: www.imf.org/external/data.htm. Central Intelligence
Agency (2009). The World Factbook 2009. See: www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-
factbook/index.html.

Population

Total (thousands): De facto population, both sexes combined, as of 1 July of the years indicated,
in thousands.

Males (thousands): De facto male population as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Females (thousands): De facto female population as of 1 July of the years indicated, in thousands.

Annual rate of change per 1,000 population: The estimated annual exponential rate of change in
population size, including change due to migration, expressed in per thousand population.

Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population: The estimated annual exponential rate of
change in population size due to births and deaths, expressed in per thousand population. It does not
include change due to international migration.

Total net migration (thousands—annual average): Net average annual number of international
migrants during the period, that is, the average annual number of immigrants minus the average annual
number of emigrants defined as individuals born in a country other than that to which they arrive or from
which they depart, including both citizens and non-citizens, in thousands.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 55

International Migration Report 2009
 Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population: The net number of international migrants during
the period divided by the average population of the country, expressed in per thousand population.

Percentage of total population: The total population of a country as a percentage of the total
population in the world.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009).
World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. (United Nations publication,
Sales No. E.09.XII.6). See: www.unpopulation.org.

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant)

Total population (thousands) with migration: De facto projected total population for 2050
according to the official United Nations medium variant projection, in thousands.

Total population (thousands) without migration: De facto projected total population for 2050
according to the official United Nations medium variant projection, assuming zero net international
migration for each country or area for the period 2010-2050, in thousands.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009).
World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. Extended Dataset: Disk 1. Sales No. E.09.XII.6. See:
www.unpopulation.org.

States parties to United Nations legal instruments (as of 1 July 2009)

The United Nations instruments listed in the Annex of this report are: the 1951 Convention
Relating to the Status of Refugees; the 1967 Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees; and the 1990
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their
Families. In addition, two Protocols relevant to international migration supplement the United Nations
Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, namely: the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and
Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and the 2000 Protocol against the
Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. Ratification includes acceptance, approval, accession or
succession. Ratification is the act whereby a State indicates its consent to being bound to a treaty if the
parties intend to show their consent by such an act. The table in the Annex indicates whether a State has
ratified the relevant international instrument and, if so, the year of ratification.

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection. See: http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

56 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
VII. PROFILES BY MAJOR AREA, REGION AND SPECIAL GROUP
World
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 155 518 165 969 178 499 195 245 213 944
Males (thousands) 79 132 84 208 90 242 99 171 109 149
Females (thousands) 76 386 81 761 88 256 96 074 104 795
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 3 49. 4 49. 2 49. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 2.9 2.9 3. 0 3. 1
Annual rate of change 1. 3 1. 5 1. 8 1. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 2. 0 2. 2 1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 142 17 670 22 050 24 360

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 18 481 18 498 15 646 13 852 16 346
Percentage of international migrants 11. 9 11. 1 8. 8 7. 1 7. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
Annual rate of change 0. 0 -3. 3 -2. 4 3. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 68 502 101 561 131 519 270 504 380 050
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 5 290 452 5 713 073 6 115 367 6 512 276 6 908 688
Males (thousands) 2 665 038 2 879 035 3 082 319 3 282 865 3 482 894
Females (thousands) 2 625 413 2 834 038 3 033 048 3 229 412 3 425 794
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 4 13. 6 12. 6 11. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 4 13. 6 12. 6 11. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 9 149 984 9 150 481

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250,000 5.0 2.5
4.5
Rate of change

200,000 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

4.0
150,000 1.5
3.5
100,000 1.0
3.0
50,000 2.5 0.5
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

58 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
More developed regions
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 82 355 94 123 104 434 117 188 127 711
Males (thousands) 39 571 45 462 50 340 56 696 61 975
Females (thousands) 42 784 48 662 54 094 60 492 65 736
Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 51. 7 51. 8 51. 6 51. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 53. 0 56. 7 58. 5 60. 0 59. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.2 8.0 8.7 9. 6 10. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 7 2. 1 2. 3 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 3 2. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 14 884 13 808 16 544 14 715

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 010 3 871 3 198 2 528 2 371
Percentage of international migrants 2. 4 4. 1 3. 1 2. 2 1. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 10. 9 20. 9 20. 4 18. 3 14. 5
Annual rate of change 13. 1 -3. 8 -4. 7 -1. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 35 500 46 524 53 537 98 732 134 457
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 1 147 345 1 174 680 1 194 967 1 216 550 1 237 228
Males (thousands) 556 199 569 832 579 848 590 494 601 110
Females (thousands) 591 146 604 848 615 119 626 056 636 118
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 7 3. 4 3. 6 3. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 4 1. 2 0. 9 1. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2719. 1 2675. 3 3186. 3 2700. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 4 2. 3 2. 7 2. 2
Percentage of total population 21. 7 20. 6 19. 5 18. 7 17. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 275 243 1 145 074

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140,000 11.0 3.0
120,000
Rate of change

10.0 2.5
Percentage
Thousands

100,000
9.0 2.0
80,000
60,000 1.5
8.0
40,000 1.0
7.0
20,000 0.5
0 6.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 59

International Migration Report 2009
Less developed regions
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 73 163 71 845 74 065 78 057 86 232
Males (thousands) 39 561 38 746 39 903 42 476 47 174
Females (thousands) 33 602 33 100 34 162 35 582 39 059
Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 46. 1 46. 1 45. 6 45. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 47. 0 43. 3 41. 5 40. 0 40. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.8 1.6 1.5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change -0. 4 0. 6 1. 1 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 2 1. 5 1. 6 1. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 064 4 486 6 116 10 283

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 16 471 14 627 12 447 11 324 13 975
Percentage of international migrants 22. 5 20. 4 16. 8 14. 5 16. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 89. 1 79. 1 79. 6 81. 7 85. 5
Annual rate of change -2. 4 -3. 2 -1. 9 4. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 33 002 55 037 77 983 171 772 245 593
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 1. 0 1. 2 1. 6 1. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 4 143 107 4 538 393 4 920 400 5 295 726 5 671 460
Males (thousands) 2 108 839 2 309 203 2 502 471 2 692 371 2 881 784
Females (thousands) 2 034 267 2 229 190 2 417 929 2 603 355 2 789 676
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 2 16. 2 14. 7 13. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 8 16. 7 15. 3 14. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2719. 1 -2675. 3 -3186. 3 -2700. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 78. 3 79. 4 80. 5 81. 3 82. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 7 874 742 8 005 407

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

100,000 4.0 2.5
3.5
Rate of change

80,000 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 1.5
60,000
2.5 1.0
40,000
2.0 0.5
20,000 1.5 0.0
0 1.0 -0.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

60 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Least developed countries
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 11 119 12 721 10 884 10 908 11 531
Males (thousands) 5 929 6 661 5 728 5 741 6 060
Females (thousands) 5 190 6 060 5 156 5 167 5 472
Percentage of female migrants 46. 7 47. 6 47. 4 47. 4 47. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 7. 1 7. 7 6. 1 5. 6 5. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.1 1.6 1. 4 1. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 7 -3. 1 0. 0 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 4 1. 9 1. 8 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 250 -1141 542 1 090

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 4 805 5 585 3 052 2 336 2 145
Percentage of international migrants 43. 2 43. 9 28. 0 21. 4 18. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 26. 0 30. 2 19. 5 16. 9 13. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 0 -12. 1 -5. 3 -1. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 555 4 040 6 060 11 907 17 334
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 2. 7 3. 4 3. 9 4. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 524 764 599 098 676 929 761 846 854 696
Males (thousands) 261 804 298 755 337 496 379 959 426 567
Females (thousands) 262 960 300 344 339 433 381 888 428 129
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 24. 4 23. 6 23. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 1 25. 1 24. 3 23. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 220. 5 -469. 0 -474. 7 -314. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 -0. 8 -0. 7 -0. 4
Percentage of total population 9. 9 10. 5 11. 1 11. 7 12. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 672 414 1 697 457

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

13,000 4.0 3.0
12,500 3.5 2.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

12,000 3.0 1.0

11,500 0.0
2.5
11,000 -1.0
10,500 2.0
-2.0
10,000 1.5
-3.0
9,500 1.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 61

International Migration Report 2009
Less developed regions, excluding least developed countries
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 62 044 59 124 63 181 67 149 74 701
Males (thousands) 33 632 32 085 34 175 36 734 41 114
Females (thousands) 28 412 27 039 29 006 30 415 33 587
Percentage of female migrants 45. 8 45. 7 45. 9 45. 3 45. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 39. 9 35. 6 35. 4 34. 4 34. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.5 1.5 1. 5 1. 6
Annual rate of change -1. 0 1. 3 1. 2 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 1 1. 4 1. 6 1. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1186 5 627 5 574 9 193

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 11 666 9 042 9 396 8 989 11 830
Percentage of international migrants 18. 8 15. 3 14. 9 13. 4 15. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 63. 1 48. 9 60. 1 64. 9 72. 4
Annual rate of change -5. 1 0. 8 -0. 9 5. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 29 447 50 997 71 923 159 865 228 259
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 0. 9 1. 1 1. 6 1. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 3 618 343 3 939 294 4 243 472 4 533 880 4 816 763
Males (thousands) 1 847 036 2 010 448 2 164 975 2 312 412 2 455 216
Females (thousands) 1 771 307 1 928 846 2 078 496 2 221 467 2 361 547
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 0 14. 9 13. 2 12. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 15. 4 13. 9 12. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2939. 6 -2206. 3 -2711. 6 -2385. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 68. 4 69. 0 69. 4 69. 6 69. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 202 328 6 307 950

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80,000 4.0 2.5
70,000 3.5 2.0
Rate of change

60,000
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
50,000 3.0
1.0
40,000 2.5 0.5
30,000 2.0 0.0
20,000 -0.5
10,000 1.5
-1.0
0 1.0 -1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

62 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Sub-Saharan Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 14 967 16 847 15 991 16 539 18 007
Males (thousands) 8 008 8 850 8 461 8 737 9 505
Females (thousands) 6 960 7 996 7 530 7 802 8 501
Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 47. 5 47. 1 47. 2 47. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 9. 6 10. 2 9. 0 8. 5 8. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 2.8 2.4 2. 2 2. 1
Annual rate of change 2. 4 -1. 0 0. 7 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 3. 3 1. 9 2. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 673 34 1 346 2 245

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 5 179 6 147 3 388 2 660 2 377
Percentage of international migrants 34. 6 36. 5 21. 2 16. 1 13. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 28. 0 33. 2 21. 7 19. 2 14. 5
Annual rate of change 3. 4 -11. 9 -4. 8 -2. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 780 3 205 4 623 9 406 18 615
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 1. 0 1. 3 1. 5 2. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 518 053 593 183 674 842 764 328 863 314
Males (thousands) 257 033 294 447 335 211 380 230 430 132
Females (thousands) 261 021 298 736 339 631 384 098 433 182
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 1 25. 8 24. 9 24. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 3 26. 1 25. 3 24. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -148. 6 -212. 1 -318. 9 -360. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 -0. 4 -0. 5 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 9. 8 10. 4 11. 0 11. 7 12. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 753 272 1 769 641

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

20,000 4.0 4.0
3.5
Rate of change

3.0
15,000
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 2.0
10,000 2.5 1.0
2.0 0.0
5,000
1.5 -1.0
0 1.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 63

International Migration Report 2009
Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 15 973 17 921 17 062 17 736 19 263
Males (thousands) 8 595 9 481 9 095 9 445 10 253
Females (thousands) 7 378 8 441 7 967 8 291 9 010
Percentage of female migrants 46. 2 47. 1 46. 7 46. 7 46. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 3 10. 8 9. 6 9. 1 9. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 2.5 2.1 1. 9 1. 9
Annual rate of change 2. 3 -1. 0 0. 8 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 3. 1 1. 9 2. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 764 51 1 491 2 327

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 5 350 6 363 3 575 2 895 2 568
Percentage of international migrants 33. 5 35. 5 21. 0 16. 3 13. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 29. 0 34. 4 22. 9 20. 9 15. 7
Annual rate of change 3. 5 -11. 5 -4. 2 -2. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 8 973 10 201 11 231 22 481 36 853
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 2. 0 1. 9 2. 3 2. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 638 729 726 285 819 462 921 073 1 033 043
Males (thousands) 317 784 361 439 407 922 458 922 515 266
Females (thousands) 320 945 364 845 411 540 462 151 517 777
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 7 24. 1 23. 4 22. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 2 24. 7 23. 9 23. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -352. 7 -451. 2 -510. 5 -532. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6
Percentage of total population 12. 1 12. 7 13. 4 14. 1 15. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 998 466 2 023 588

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25,000 4.0 4.0
3.5
Rate of change

20,000 3.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 2.0
15,000
2.5 1.0
10,000
2.0 0.0
5,000 1.5 -1.0
0 1.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

64 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Eastern Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 950 5 347 5 220 5 124 5 034
Males (thousands) 3 104 2 745 2 657 2 590 2 538
Females (thousands) 2 846 2 602 2 563 2 534 2 496
Percentage of female migrants 47. 8 48. 7 49. 1 49. 4 49. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 3. 2 2. 9 2. 6 2. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 2.4 2.1 1. 8 1. 5
Annual rate of change -2. 1 -0. 5 -0. 4 -0. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 2. 5 0. 4 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -247 176 184 152

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 315 2 187 1 639 1 465 1 281
Percentage of international migrants 55. 7 40. 9 31. 4 28. 6 25. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 17. 9 11. 8 10. 5 10. 6 7. 8
Annual rate of change -8. 3 -5. 8 -2. 2 -2. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 244 578 1 085 1 726 2 901
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 1. 0 1. 6 1. 9 2. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 192 959 219 874 252 710 287 413 327 186
Males (thousands) 95 406 108 694 124 986 142 393 162 427
Females (thousands) 97 553 111 180 127 724 145 020 164 759
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 1 27. 8 25. 7 25. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 27. 2 26. 6 26. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -393. 9 131. 1 -255. 9 -323. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 0 0. 6 -1. 0 -1. 1
Percentage of total population 3. 6 3. 8 4. 1 4. 4 4. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 711 430 716 933

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6,200 4.0 4.0
6,000
3.5 3.0
Rate of change

5,800
Percentage
Thousands

5,600 3.0 2.0

5,400 1.0
2.5
5,200 0.0
5,000 2.0
4,800 -1.0
1.5
4,600 -2.0
4,400 1.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 65

International Migration Report 2009
Middle Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 456 2 651 1 392 1 567 1 615
Males (thousands) 742 1 316 715 806 832
Females (thousands) 714 1 335 677 761 783
Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 4 48. 6 48. 6 48. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 6 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 3.1 1.4 1. 4 1. 3
Annual rate of change 12. 0 -12. 9 2. 4 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -2. 3 1. 6 1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 279 -1086 254 136

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 447 1 694 539 642 609
Percentage of international migrants 30. 7 63. 9 38. 7 41. 0 37. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 2. 4 9. 2 3. 4 4. 6 3. 7
Annual rate of change 26. 7 -22. 9 3. 5 -1. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 23 19 28 101 195
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 72 813 86 424 98 060 113 185 128 909
Males (thousands) 35 939 42 718 48 520 56 085 63 950
Females (thousands) 36 873 43 706 49 539 57 100 64 960
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 3 25. 3 28. 7 26. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 7 28. 5 28. 4 26. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 277. 7 -297. 2 24. 3 -30. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 8 -3. 4 0. 2 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 1. 4 1. 5 1. 6 1. 7 1. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 272 969 274 344

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,000 4.0 15.0
2,500 3.5
Rate of change

10.0
Percentage
Thousands

2,000 3.0 5.0

1,500 2.5 0.0
1,000 2.0 -5.0
500 1.5 -10.0
0 1.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

66 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Northern Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 278 2 186 1 925 1 836 2 010
Males (thousands) 1 242 1 203 1 075 1 039 1 138
Females (thousands) 1 037 983 850 797 872
Percentage of female migrants 45. 5 45. 0 44. 2 43. 4 43. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 5 1. 3 1. 1 0. 9 0. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.5 1.3 1.1 0. 9 0. 9
Annual rate of change -0. 8 -2. 5 -0. 9 1. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 8 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -9 -192 -34 220

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 071 916 590 379 401
Percentage of international migrants 47. 0 41. 9 30. 7 20. 6 19. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 5. 8 5. 0 3. 8 2. 7 2. 5
Annual rate of change -3. 1 -8. 8 -8. 9 1. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 7 255 7 342 7 249 14 091 20 007
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 9 3. 6 2. 8 3. 9 4. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 147 767 163 943 179 525 195 444 212 921
Males (thousands) 74 363 82 501 90 273 98 171 106 883
Females (thousands) 73 404 81 442 89 252 97 273 106 037
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 8 18. 2 17. 0 17. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 3 19. 8 18. 6 17. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -237. 8 -284. 4 -298. 0 -144. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 6 -1. 7 -1. 7 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 9 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 321 077 329 897

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 3.0 3.0
2.5
Rate of change

2,000 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 1.0
1,500
1.5 0.0
1,000
1.0 -1.0
500 0.5 -2.0
0 0.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 67

International Migration Report 2009
Southern Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 444 1 296 1 246 1 505 2 163
Males (thousands) 886 779 733 870 1 227
Females (thousands) 557 517 513 636 936
Percentage of female migrants 38. 6 39. 9 41. 2 42. 2 43. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.4 2.7 2.4 2. 7 3. 7
Annual rate of change -2. 2 -0. 8 3. 8 7. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 0. 2 3. 8 7. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -101 -2 321 738

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 42 99 35 42 45
Percentage of international migrants 2. 9 7. 6 2. 8 2. 8 2. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 5 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 17. 2 -20. 6 3. 7 1. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 776 674 705 1 223 1 535
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 41 980 47 240 51 387 55 041 57 968
Males (thousands) 20 689 23 209 25 209 27 047 28 557
Females (thousands) 21 292 24 031 26 178 27 994 29 411
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 6 16. 8 13. 7 10. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 1 16. 1 11. 3 8. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 155. 7 33. 7 127. 4 134. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 7 0. 7 2. 5 2. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 67 388 68 065

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 5.0 8.0
4.5
Rate of change

2,000 6.0
Percentage
Thousands

4.0 4.0
1,500
3.5 2.0
1,000
3.0 0.0
500 2.5 -2.0
0 2.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

68 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Western Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 845 6 441 7 279 7 703 8 440
Males (thousands) 2 621 3 438 3 915 4 140 4 518
Females (thousands) 2 224 3 003 3 364 3 563 3 923
Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 46. 6 46. 2 46. 3 46. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 1 3. 9 4. 1 3. 9 3. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.6 3.1 3.1 2. 9 2. 8
Annual rate of change 5. 7 2. 4 1. 1 1. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 5. 4 2. 4 2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 842 1 155 766 1 082

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 476 1 467 772 366 231
Percentage of international migrants 9. 8 22. 8 10. 6 4. 8 2. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 2. 6 7. 9 4. 9 2. 6 1. 4
Annual rate of change 22. 5 -12. 8 -14. 9 -9. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 675 1 588 2 164 5 340 12 216
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 2. 2 2. 6 3. 0 4. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 183 210 208 805 237 781 269 990 306 058
Males (thousands) 91 387 104 317 118 934 135 226 153 449
Females (thousands) 91 824 104 487 118 848 134 763 152 609
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 0 25. 4 25. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 9 26. 1 25. 8 25. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -154. 3 -34. 3 -108. 4 -167. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 2 -0. 5 -0. 6
Percentage of total population 3. 5 3. 7 3. 9 4. 1 4. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 625 601 634 350

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10,000 5.0 6.0
4.5
Rate of change

8,000 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

4.0 4.0
6,000
3.5 3.0
4,000
3.0 2.0
2,000 2.5 1.0
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 69

International Migration Report 2009
Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 50 876 48 768 51 915 55 128 61 324
Males (thousands) 27 782 26 661 28 204 30 342 33 978
Females (thousands) 23 093 22 107 23 711 24 786 27 346
Percentage of female migrants 45. 4 45. 3 45. 7 45. 0 44. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 32. 7 29. 4 29. 1 28. 2 28. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.4 1.4 1. 4 1. 5
Annual rate of change -0. 8 1. 3 1. 2 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 1. 2 1. 6 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1498 3 764 3 802 6 769

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 9 922 8 159 8 820 8 385 10 870
Percentage of international migrants 19. 5 16. 7 17. 0 15. 2 17. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 53. 7 44. 1 56. 4 60. 5 66. 5
Annual rate of change -3. 9 1. 6 -1. 0 5. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 18 141 32 439 47 849 98 512 145 200
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 6 0. 9 1. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 3 178 810 3 448 034 3 698 296 3 936 536 4 166 741
Males (thousands) 1 628 298 1 766 256 1 894 173 2 015 864 2 132 626
Females (thousands) 1 550 512 1 681 778 1 804 122 1 920 672 2 034 116
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 3 14. 0 12. 5 11. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 7 14. 4 12. 9 11. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1572. 8 -1432. 0 -1495. 9 -1075. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 60. 1 60. 4 60. 5 60. 4 60. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 231 485 5 297 198

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

70,000 4.0 2.5
60,000 3.5 2.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

50,000 3.0 1.5

40,000 1.0
2.5
30,000 0.5
20,000 2.0
0.0
10,000 1.5
-0.5
0 1.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

70 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Central Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010
International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 628 5 815 5 182 5 060 4 970
Males (thousands) 2 971 2 606 2 313 2 262 2 226
Females (thousands) 3 657 3 210 2 869 2 798 2 744
Percentage of female migrants 55. 2 55. 2 55. 4 55. 3 55. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 3 3. 5 2. 9 2. 6 2. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.1 10.9 9.4 8. 7 8. 1
Annual rate of change -2. 6 -2. 3 -0. 5 -0. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 8 -2. 4 -0. 5 -0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -599 -426 50 84

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 53 74 73 8
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 9 1. 4 1. 4 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 6. 8 -0. 4 -44. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 117 131 967 2 629
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 3 1. 2 1. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 50 411 53 400 55 362 58 114 61 349
Males (thousands) 24 737 26 280 27 247 28 549 30 093
Females (thousands) 25 674 27 120 28 115 29 565 31 256
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 5 7. 2 9. 7 10. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 6 15. 1 13. 4 13. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -473. 7 -426. 1 -209. 0 -160. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 4 -8. 0 -3. 8 -2. 8
Percentage of total population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 79 076 84 266

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 14.0 0.0
6,000 13.0
Rate of change

-0.5
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 12.0
-1.0
4,000 11.0
3,000 10.0 -1.5
2,000 9.0 -2.0
1,000 8.0 -2.5
0 7.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 71

International Migration Report 2009
Eastern Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 484 5 083 5 716 6 185 6 485
Males (thousands) 2 287 2 514 2 691 2 820 2 920
Females (thousands) 2 197 2 569 3 025 3 366 3 565
Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 5 52. 9 54. 4 55. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 9 3. 1 3. 2 3. 2 3. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 3 1. 6 0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 7 2. 5 1. 6 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 697 747 600 461

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 303 295 299 304 304
Percentage of international migrants 6. 8 5. 8 5. 2 4. 9 4. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 6 1. 6 1. 9 2. 2 1. 9
Annual rate of change -0. 5 0. 2 0. 4 -0. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 247 3 284 8 501 23 330 36 448
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 3 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 1 336 700 1 411 675 1 472 444 1 520 717 1 563 951
Males (thousands) 685 250 724 877 756 963 782 678 805 489
Females (thousands) 651 449 686 798 715 481 738 039 758 462
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 9 8. 4 6. 5 5. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 0 8. 5 6. 7 5. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -168. 0 -108. 1 -374. 2 -291. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 3 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 25. 3 24. 7 24. 1 23. 4 22. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 600 005 1 609 999

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 3.0 3.0
6,000 2.5
Rate of change

2.5
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 2.0 2.0

4,000
1.5 1.5
3,000
2,000 1.0 1.0
1,000 0.5 0.5
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

72 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
South-Eastern Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 060 3 552 4 838 5 624 6 715
Males (thousands) 1 590 1 832 2 463 2 860 3 384
Females (thousands) 1 470 1 720 2 375 2 764 3 331
Percentage of female migrants 48. 0 48. 4 49. 1 49. 1 49. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 0 2. 1 2. 7 2. 9 3. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.7 0.9 1. 0 1. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 0 6. 2 3. 0 3. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 5. 6 3. 8 3. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 561 1 363 890 1 212

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 210 130 311 151 167
Percentage of international migrants 6. 9 3. 6 6. 4 2. 7 2. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 1 0. 7 2. 0 1. 1 1. 0
Annual rate of change -9. 7 17. 5 -14. 4 2. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 946 8 537 10 306 25 785 31 893
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 1. 3 1. 7 2. 9 2. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 439 591 479 834 517 193 554 079 589 615
Males (thousands) 218 753 238 788 257 348 275 643 293 372
Females (thousands) 220 838 241 046 259 845 278 437 296 243
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 5 15. 0 13. 8 12. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 4 15. 7 14. 3 12. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -393. 9 -353. 8 -292. 0 -293. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 8. 3 8. 4 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 765 966 784 539

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 3.0 7.0
7,000 2.5 6.0
Rate of change

6,000
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 5.0
5,000
4.0
4,000 1.5
3,000 3.0
1.0
2,000 2.0
1,000 0.5
1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 73

International Migration Report 2009
Southern Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010
International migrants a
Total (thousands) 20 196 16 272 15 669 13 847 14 304
Males (thousands) 11 141 8 958 8 635 7 636 7 925
Females (thousands) 9 055 7 314 7 035 6 211 6 379
Percentage of female migrants 44. 8 44. 9 44. 9 44. 9 44. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 13. 0 9. 8 8. 8 7. 1 6. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.2 1.1 0. 9 0. 8
Annual rate of change -4. 3 -0. 8 -2. 5 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 2 -1. 0 -0. 9 -0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -3220 -83 -1363 841

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 6 907 3 753 3 780 2 496 3 397
Percentage of international migrants 34. 2 23. 1 24. 1 18. 0 23. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 37. 4 20. 3 24. 2 18. 0 20. 8
Annual rate of change -12. 2 0. 1 -8. 3 6. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 572 11 605 17 748 34 124 56 605
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 1 1. 9 2. 5 2. 8 3. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 1 200 043 1 332 535 1 462 960 1 592 522 1 719 123
Males (thousands) 621 737 688 818 754 941 820 466 884 078
Females (thousands) 578 306 643 717 708 019 772 056 835 045
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 9 18. 7 17. 0 15. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 19. 1 17. 5 15. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -485. 2 -582. 5 -834. 7 -575. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 4
Percentage of total population 22. 7 23. 3 23. 9 24. 5 24. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 414 606 2 450 953

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25,000 3.0 1.0
2.5
Rate of change

20,000 0.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 -1.0
15,000
1.5 -2.0
10,000
1.0 -3.0
5,000 0.5 -4.0
0 0.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

74 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Western Asia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 16 508 18 046 20 509 24 413 28 850
Males (thousands) 9 793 10 751 12 103 14 765 17 523
Females (thousands) 6 715 7 295 8 407 9 648 11 327
Percentage of female migrants 40. 7 40. 4 41. 0 39. 5 39. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 6 10. 9 11. 5 12. 5 13. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.9 10.6 10.8 11. 6 12. 4
Annual rate of change 1. 8 2. 6 3. 5 3. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 2 2. 7 3. 3 2. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 062 2 164 3 625 4 170

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 502 3 928 4 356 5 361 6 993
Percentage of international migrants 15. 2 21. 8 21. 2 22. 0 24. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 13. 5 21. 2 27. 8 38. 7 42. 8
Annual rate of change 9. 0 2. 1 4. 2 5. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 8 376 8 896 11 163 14 306 17 626
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 6 1. 5 1. 1 1. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 152 066 170 590 190 336 211 104 232 702
Males (thousands) 77 821 87 494 97 674 108 529 119 592
Females (thousands) 74 245 83 097 92 662 102 575 113 110
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 9 20. 7 19. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 3 21. 7 19. 6 18. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -52. 0 38. 5 214. 0 244. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 0. 2 1. 1 1. 2
Percentage of total population 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1 3. 2 3. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 371 833 367 441

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

35,000 13.0 4.0
30,000 12.5 3.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

25,000 3.0
12.0
20,000 2.5
11.5 2.0
15,000
11.0 1.5
10,000
1.0
5,000 10.5
0.5
0 10.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 75

International Migration Report 2009
Europe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 49 401 54 718 57 639 64 399 69 819
Males (thousands) 23 352 26 026 27 208 30 609 33 282
Females (thousands) 26 049 28 691 30 431 33 790 36 537
Percentage of female migrants 52. 7 52. 4 52. 8 52. 5 52. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 31. 8 33. 0 32. 3 33. 0 32. 6
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.9 7.5 7.9 8. 8 9. 5
Annual rate of change 2. 0 1. 0 2. 2 1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 3 2. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 427 5 292 9 205 8 098

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 318 3 005 2 487 1 912 1 593
Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 5. 5 4. 3 3. 0 2. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 7. 1 16. 2 15. 9 13. 8 9. 7
Annual rate of change 16. 5 -3. 8 -5. 3 -3. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 31 198 39 685 46 973 91 033 125 429
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 720 989 727 361 726 568 729 421 732 759
Males (thousands) 346 781 350 109 349 618 350 928 352 809
Females (thousands) 374 209 377 252 376 950 378 493 379 950
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 8 -0. 2 0. 8 0. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 3 -1. 4 -1. 5 -0. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1080. 7 822. 6 1668. 7 1340. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 5 1. 1 2. 3 1. 8
Percentage of total population 13. 6 12. 7 11. 9 11. 2 10. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 691 048 640 032

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80,000 10.0 3.0
70,000 9.5
Rate of change

2.5
60,000 9.0
Percentage
Thousands

50,000 8.5 2.0

40,000 8.0 1.5
30,000 7.5
1.0
20,000 7.0
10,000 6.5 0.5
0 6.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

76 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Eastern Europe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 22 351 21 542 20 944 20 991 21 046
Males (thousands) 9 716 9 316 8 970 8 968 8 992
Females (thousands) 12 634 12 227 11 974 12 023 12 054
Percentage of female migrants 56. 5 56. 8 57. 2 57. 3 57. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 14. 4 13. 0 11. 7 10. 8 9. 8
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.2 7.0 6.9 7. 1 7. 2
Annual rate of change -0. 7 -0. 6 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 7 -0. 6 0. 1 0. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 266 519 1 212 1 194

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 36 33 67 25 35
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change -1. 6 13. 8 -19. 9 6. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 3 635 4 102 21 513 37 582
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 5 0. 6 1. 3 1. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 310 332 309 804 304 088 296 912 291 485
Males (thousands) 146 967 146 730 143 643 139 575 136 649
Females (thousands) 163 365 163 075 160 445 157 338 154 835
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 3 -3. 7 -4. 8 -3. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -1. 2 -4. 2 -4. 9 -3. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 270. 7 152. 0 25. 5 -10. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 9 0. 5 0. 1 -0. 0
Percentage of total population 5. 9 5. 4 5. 0 4. 6 4. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 239 961 237 388

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

22,500 9.0 0.2
8.5
Rate of change

22,000 0.0
Percentage
Thousands

8.0
21,500 -0.2
7.5
21,000 -0.4
7.0
20,500 6.5 -0.6
20,000 6.0 -0.8
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 77

International Migration Report 2009
Northern Europe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 680 7 211 7 982 9 413 10 657
Males (thousands) 3 180 3 406 3 745 4 415 5 005
Females (thousands) 3 500 3 805 4 237 4 998 5 652
Percentage of female migrants 52. 4 52. 8 53. 1 53. 1 53. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 3 4. 3 4. 5 4. 8 5. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.3 7.7 8.5 9. 8 10. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 5 2. 0 3. 3 2. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 2. 0 3. 4 2. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 812 1 068 1 739 1 589

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 223 402 458 493 467
Percentage of international migrants 3. 3 5. 6 5. 7 5. 2 4. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 2 2. 2 2. 9 3. 6 2. 9
Annual rate of change 11. 8 2. 6 1. 5 -1. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 821 4 005 5 975 10 758 14 453
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 92 121 93 261 94 359 96 439 98 909
Males (thousands) 44 827 45 376 45 978 47 164 48 538
Females (thousands) 47 294 47 885 48 381 49 275 50 370
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 5 2. 3 4. 4 5. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 2 1. 0 1. 3 2. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 23. 3 121. 6 296. 3 285. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 3 1. 3 3. 1 3. 0
Percentage of total population 1. 7 1. 6 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 112 524 97 868

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12,000 11.0 4.0
10,000 10.5 3.5
Rate of change

10.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
8,000 9.5 2.5
6,000 9.0 2.0
4,000 8.5 1.5
8.0 1.0
2,000 7.5 0.5
0 7.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

78 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Southern Europe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 139 5 965 7 256 11 294 14 664
Males (thousands) 1 955 2 833 3 493 5 616 7 318
Females (thousands) 2 184 3 132 3 763 5 678 7 346
Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 52. 5 51. 9 50. 3 50. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 7 3. 6 4. 1 5. 8 6. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.9 4.2 5.0 7. 5 9. 5
Annual rate of change 7. 3 3. 9 8. 8 5. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 3 5. 3 10. 1 5. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 972 1 510 4 247 3 771

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 31 869 611 262 162
Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 14. 6 8. 4 2. 3 1. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 4. 7 3. 9 1. 9 1. 0
Annual rate of change 67. 0 -7. 0 -17. 0 -9. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 13 615 14 101 16 320 24 407 32 141
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 7 0. 8 0. 7 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 142 549 143 698 145 119 149 711 153 778
Males (thousands) 69 629 70 068 70 744 73 172 75 327
Females (thousands) 72 920 73 630 74 375 76 540 78 451
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 6 2. 0 6. 2 5. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 56. 9 239. 6 859. 3 738. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 1. 7 5. 9 4. 9
Percentage of total population 2. 7 2. 5 2. 4 2. 3 2. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 153 654 135 179

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

16,000 10.0 12.0
14,000 9.0
Rate of change

10.0
12,000 8.0
Percentage
Thousands

10,000 7.0 8.0

8,000 6.0 6.0
6,000 5.0
4.0
4,000 4.0
2,000 3.0 2.0
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 79

International Migration Report 2009
Western Europe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 16 231 19 999 21 457 22 701 23 453
Males (thousands) 8 500 10 472 11 000 11 610 11 968
Females (thousands) 7 731 9 528 10 457 11 090 11 485
Percentage of female migrants 47. 6 47. 6 48. 7 48. 9 49. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 10. 4 12. 1 12. 0 11. 6 11. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 11.1 11.7 12. 2 12. 4
Annual rate of change 4. 2 1. 4 1. 1 0. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 1. 9 1. 4 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 377 2 195 2 007 1 544

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 028 1 700 1 352 1 133 930
Percentage of international migrants 6. 3 8. 5 6. 3 5. 0 4. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 5. 6 9. 2 8. 6 8. 2 5. 7
Annual rate of change 10. 1 -4. 6 -3. 5 -4. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 14 762 17 944 20 576 34 355 41 254
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 175 986 180 598 183 001 186 358 188 587
Males (thousands) 85 356 87 935 89 252 91 018 92 294
Females (thousands) 90 630 92 663 93 749 95 340 96 294
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 2 2. 6 3. 6 2. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 1 0. 9 1. 0 0. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 729. 9 309. 4 487. 6 326. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 1 1. 7 2. 7 1. 8
Percentage of total population 3. 3 3. 2 3. 0 2. 9 2. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 184 908 169 597

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25,000 13.0 5.0
12.5
Rate of change

20,000 4.0
12.0
Percentage
Thousands

15,000 11.5 3.0

11.0
10,000 10.5 2.0
10.0
5,000 1.0
9.5
0 9.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

80 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Latin America and the Caribbean
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 7 130 6 234 6 471 6 869 7 480
Males (thousands) 3 587 3 125 3 232 3 431 3 735
Females (thousands) 3 544 3 108 3 239 3 439 3 746
Percentage of female migrants 49. 7 49. 9 50. 0 50. 1 50. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 6 3. 8 3. 6 3. 5 3. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.3 1.2 1. 2 1. 3
Annual rate of change -2. 7 0. 7 1. 2 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 9 1. 2 0. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -723 386 549 769

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 197 101 50 37 529
Percentage of international migrants 16. 8 1. 6 0. 8 0. 5 7. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 6. 5 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 3. 2
Annual rate of change -49. 4 -14. 3 -5. 9 53. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 781 13 438 20 157 50 398 63 435
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 0. 7 0. 9 1. 9 1. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 442 310 482 265 521 228 556 512 588 649
Males (thousands) 219 858 239 284 258 212 275 175 290 636
Females (thousands) 222 452 242 982 263 016 281 337 298 013
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 3 15. 5 13. 1 11. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 8 17. 1 15. 2 13. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -686. 0 -764. 1 -1148. 6 -1049. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 2 -1. 9
Percentage of total population 8. 4 8. 4 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 729 184 765 594

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 4.0 2.0
7,000 3.5
Rate of change

6,000 1.0
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 3.0
0.0
4,000 2.5
3,000 2.0 -1.0
2,000
1.5 -2.0
1,000
0 1.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 81

International Migration Report 2009
Caribbean
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 057 1 140 1 233 1 319 1 379
Males (thousands) 557 594 635 678 707
Females (thousands) 500 546 598 640 672
Percentage of female migrants 47. 3 47. 9 48. 5 48. 6 48. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 6
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 3.1 3.2 3. 3 3. 3
Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 6 1. 3 0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 6 1. 4 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 111 122 117 95

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 3 2 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -15. 4 -12. 2 -15. 9 -2. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 747 1 731 3 514 5 931 7 278
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 8 1. 4 2. 2 2. 7 2. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 34 384 36 640 38 650 40 566 42 312
Males (thousands) 17 101 18 205 19 169 20 103 20 954
Females (thousands) 17 283 18 435 19 481 20 463 21 357
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 7 10. 7 9. 7 8. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 9 14. 0 12. 5 11. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -111. 8 -123. 8 -111. 6 -124. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -3. 4 -2. 9 -3. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 49 491 54 983

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,600 5.0 2.0
1,400 4.5
Rate of change

1,200
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
1,000 4.0
800 3.5 1.0
600 3.0
400 0.5
200 2.5
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

82 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Central America
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 834 929 1 093 1 341 1 547
Males (thousands) 908 466 549 672 773
Females (thousands) 926 463 545 669 774
Percentage of female migrants 50. 5 49. 8 49. 8 49. 9 50. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 2 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 0.7 0.8 0. 9 1. 0
Annual rate of change -13. 6 3. 3 4. 1 2. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 7 4. 3 4. 6 2. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -867 181 266 229

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 162 81 40 18 38
Percentage of international migrants 63. 4 8. 7 3. 7 1. 3 2. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 6. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2
Annual rate of change -53. 3 -14. 0 -16. 2 14. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 786 6 238 10 796 32 191 39 356
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 1. 8 1. 7 3. 7 3. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 112 363 124 004 135 171 144 288 153 115
Males (thousands) 55 838 61 493 66 920 71 175 75 361
Females (thousands) 56 525 62 511 68 250 73 113 77 755
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 7 17. 2 13. 1 11. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 3 20. 6 18. 2 16. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -427. 6 -430. 1 -721. 4 -634. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 8 -3. 5 -5. 3 -4. 4
Percentage of total population 2. 1 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 196 844 219 629

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 3.0 10.0
2.5
Rate of change

1,500 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
0.0
1,000 1.5
1.0 -5.0
500
0.5 -10.0
0 0.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 83

International Migration Report 2009
South America
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 240 4 164 4 145 4 210 4 554
Males (thousands) 2 122 2 065 2 048 2 080 2 254
Females (thousands) 2 118 2 099 2 096 2 129 2 300
Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 4 50. 6 50. 6 50. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 7 2. 5 2. 3 2. 2 2. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 1.3 1.2 1. 1 1. 2
Annual rate of change -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 3 1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 3 -0. 0 0. 3 -0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 33 83 166 445

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 29 17 8 18 491
Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 4 0. 2 0. 4 10. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 3. 0
Annual rate of change -9. 9 -16. 2 17. 1 65. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 248 5 469 5 847 12 276 16 800
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 4 0. 4 0. 8 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 295 562 321 621 347 407 371 658 393 221
Males (thousands) 146 918 159 586 172 122 183 897 194 320
Females (thousands) 148 644 162 036 175 285 187 761 198 901
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 9 15. 4 13. 5 11. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 4 16. 0 14. 4 12. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -146. 6 -210. 2 -315. 6 -290. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 -0. 7 -0. 9 -0. 8
Percentage of total population 5. 6 5. 6 5. 7 5. 7 5. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 482 850 490 983

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4,600 3.0 2.0
4,500 2.5
Rate of change

1.5
Percentage
Thousands

4,400 2.0 1.0

4,300
1.5 0.5
4,200
4,100 1.0 0.0
4,000 0.5 -0.5
3,900 0.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

84 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Northern America
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 27 774 33 595 40 395 45 597 50 042
Males (thousands) 13 593 16 534 20 005 22 626 24 966
Females (thousands) 14 181 17 061 20 390 22 971 25 076
Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 50. 8 50. 5 50. 4 50. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 17. 9 20. 2 22. 6 23. 4 23. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.8 11.2 12.7 13. 6 14. 2
Annual rate of change 3. 8 3. 7 2. 4 1. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 8 3. 8 2. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 687 7 770 6 377 5 760

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 583 797 640 544 726
Percentage of international migrants 2. 1 2. 4 1. 6 1. 2 1. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 3. 2 4. 3 4. 1 3. 9 4. 4
Annual rate of change 6. 2 -4. 4 -3. 2 5. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 170 2 179 2 835 2 890 2 972
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 282 688 300 073 318 654 335 175 351 659
Males (thousands) 138 798 147 396 156 842 165 214 173 646
Females (thousands) 143 890 152 677 161 812 169 961 178 013
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 12. 0 10. 1 9. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 6. 4 6. 0 6. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1440. 8 1742. 0 1352. 5 1219. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 1 5. 8 4. 2 3. 6
Percentage of total population 5. 3 5. 3 5. 2 5. 1 5. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 448 464 378 282

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60,000 15.0 5.0
50,000 14.0
Rate of change

4.0
Percentage
Thousands

40,000 13.0
3.0
30,000 12.0
20,000 11.0 2.0

10,000 10.0 1.0

0 9.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 85

International Migration Report 2009
Oceania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 365 4 733 5 016 5 516 6 015
Males (thousands) 2 223 2 381 2 497 2 719 2 935
Females (thousands) 2 142 2 352 2 518 2 797 3 080
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 7 50. 2 50. 7 51. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 8 2. 9 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.2 16.3 16.1 16. 4 16. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 2 1. 9 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 1. 2 1. 9 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 485 407 626 637

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 110 74 74 78 59
Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 1. 6 1. 5 1. 4 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 4
Annual rate of change -8. 0 0. 0 1. 2 -5. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 239 3 619 2 475 5 191 6 161
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 8 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 26 926 29 054 31 160 33 559 35 838
Males (thousands) 13 520 14 550 15 552 16 762 17 913
Females (thousands) 13 405 14 503 15 608 16 798 17 926
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 2 14. 0 14. 8 13. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 11. 2 10. 7 10. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 90. 1 82. 6 133. 9 96. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 3 2. 8 4. 3 2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 51 338 45 786

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 18.0 2.5
6,000 17.5
Rate of change

2.0
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 17.0
4,000 1.5
16.5
3,000
16.0 1.0
2,000
1,000 15.5 0.5
0 15.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

86 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Australia and New Zealand
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 105 4 448 4 713 5 193 5 674
Males (thousands) 2 078 2 221 2 329 2 541 2 748
Females (thousands) 2 027 2 227 2 383 2 652 2 925
Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 50. 1 50. 6 51. 1 51. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 6 2. 7 2. 6 2. 7 2. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.0 20.4 20.5 21. 2 22. 0
Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 2 1. 9 1. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 1. 2 2. 0 1. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 455 383 601 613

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 103 64 67 70 49
Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 1. 4 1. 4 1. 3 0. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3
Annual rate of change -9. 6 1. 2 0. 6 -6. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 132 3 509 2 355 3 729 4 478
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 8 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 20 477 21 804 23 039 24 505 25 815
Males (thousands) 10 191 10 831 11 412 12 158 12 821
Females (thousands) 10 286 10 972 11 627 12 348 12 994
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 6 11. 0 12. 3 10. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 7 6. 5 6. 1 6. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 102. 7 101. 6 148. 8 110. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 0 4. 7 6. 5 4. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 34 073 27 970

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6,000 22.0 2.5
5,000 21.5
Rate of change

2.0
Percentage
Thousands

4,000 21.0
1.5
3,000 20.5
2,000 20.0 1.0

1,000 19.5 0.5

0 19.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 87

International Migration Report 2009
Melanesia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 91 98 98 105 111
Males (thousands) 51 55 55 58 61
Females (thousands) 41 43 43 47 49
Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 9 44. 0 44. 5 44. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.6 1.4 1. 3 1. 3
Annual rate of change 1. 4 0. 1 1. 2 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 1. 0 0. 8 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 9 3 9 8

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 10 6 9 10
Percentage of international migrants 8. 1 10. 3 6. 4 8. 4 9. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 6. 1 -9. 4 6. 8 2. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 35 62 68 722 791
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 5. 0 4. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 5 489 6 204 7 010 7 871 8 778
Males (thousands) 2 834 3 183 3 576 4 006 4 463
Females (thousands) 2 655 3 022 3 434 3 865 4 314
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 5 24. 4 23. 2 21. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 5 25. 7 24. 2 22. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 1 -8. 7 -7. 4 -5. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 4 -1. 1 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 15 632 15 907

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 4.0 1.6
100 3.5 1.4
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

1.2
80 3.0
1.0
60 2.5 0.8
40 2.0 0.6
0.4
20 1.5
0.2
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

88 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Micronesia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 111 124 137 145 151
Males (thousands) 62 69 76 80 83
Females (thousands) 49 55 61 65 68
Percentage of female migrants 43. 9 44. 3 44. 6 44. 8 45. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 26.6 26.6 27.5 27. 0 26. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 2 1. 9 1. 2 0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 1. 9 1. 2 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 15 10 9

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 7 7 7 7
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4 1. 2 1. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 417 466 497 537 573
Males (thousands) 216 238 249 267 284
Females (thousands) 202 228 248 271 289
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 0 12. 9 15. 6 13. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 3 22. 4 19. 1 16. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 0 -4. 6 -1. 8 -2. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 5 -9. 9 -3. 6 -3. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 802 850

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 29.0 2.5
140 28.5
Rate of change

120 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

100 28.0
1.5
80 27.5
60 27.0 1.0
40
26.5 0.5
20
0 26.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 89

International Migration Report 2009
Polynesia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 58 63 68 73 79
Males (thousands) 33 35 37 40 42
Females (thousands) 26 28 31 34 37
Percentage of female migrants 44. 1 44. 3 45. 0 45. 9 46. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.7 10.9 11.1 11. 4 11. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 7 1. 5 1. 5 1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 1. 5 1. 5 1. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 6 6 7

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 67 41 45 733 885
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 1 1. 0 1. 2 12. 1 12. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 543 580 614 646 672
Males (thousands) 281 299 316 331 344
Females (thousands) 262 281 298 315 328
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 2 11. 5 10. 0 8. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 0 19. 1 16. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -5. 5 -5. 7 -5. 7 -5. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 1 -9. 8 -9. 3 -8. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 831 1 059

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

100 13.0 1.7
12.5 1.7
Rate of change

80
Percentage
Thousands

12.0 1.6
60
1.6
11.5
40 1.5
11.0
1.5
20 10.5
1.4
0 10.0 1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

90 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
VIII. PROFILES BY COUNTRY OR AREA
Afghanistan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 58 70 76 86 91
Males (thousands) 33 40 43 49 51
Females (thousands) 25 31 33 38 40
Percentage of female migrants 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 3
Annual rate of change 3. 9 1. 6 2. 6 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 5 8. 0 2. 6 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 17 11 16 11

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 19 — 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 27. 6 — 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 — 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 133. 1 — — 4. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 12 580 18 084 20 536 24 507 29 117
Males (thousands) 6 527 9 374 10 639 12 694 15 079
Females (thousands) 6 054 8 709 9 896 11 813 14 038
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 72. 6 25. 4 35. 4 34. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 29. 2 28. 1 26. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 653. 3 -73. 5 161. 0 200. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 51. 9 -4. 1 7. 8 8. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 73 938 71 274

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

100 3.0 10.0
2.5 8.0
Rate of change

80
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 6.0
60
4.0
1.5
40 2.0
1.0
0.0
20 0.5
-2.0
0 0.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

92 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Albania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 66 71 77 83 89
Males (thousands) 31 33 36 39 42
Females (thousands) 35 38 41 44 47
Percentage of female migrants 53. 7 53. 5 53. 1 53. 1 53. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.3 2.5 2. 7 2. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 4 2. 0 2. 1 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 7 8 8

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 4 2 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — 5. 4 2. 9 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -11. 0 -74. 4 4. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 427 598 1 290 1 468
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 17. 2 16. 4 15. 8 13. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 3 289 3 134 3 068 3 111 3 169
Males (thousands) 1 687 1 579 1 525 1 539 1 563
Females (thousands) 1 602 1 555 1 543 1 571 1 606
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -9. 7 -4. 3 2. 8 3. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 7 13. 0 9. 3 8. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -84. 7 -53. 4 -20. 0 -15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 7 -17. 1 -6. 5 -4. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 303 3 846

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

100 4.0 2.5
3.5
Rate of change

80 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
60 1.5
2.5
40 1.0
2.0
20 1.5 0.5
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 93

International Migration Report 2009
Algeria
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 274 299 250 242 242
Males (thousands) 150 164 137 133 133
Females (thousands) 124 135 113 109 109
Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2 45. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.1 1.1 0.8 0. 7 0. 7
Annual rate of change 1. 7 -3. 6 -0. 6 -0. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 4 -2. 4 5. 9 5. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 31 -43 -3 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 169 206 167 132 94
Percentage of international migrants 61. 7 68. 9 67. 0 54. 3 38. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 9 1. 1 1. 1 0. 9 0. 6
Annual rate of change 3. 9 -4. 1 -4. 8 -6. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 352 1 120 790 2 060 2 120
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 2. 7 1. 4 2. 0 1. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 25 283 28 265 30 506 32 855 35 423
Males (thousands) 12 736 14 257 15 392 16 583 17 882
Females (thousands) 12 547 14 008 15 114 16 271 17 540
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 3 15. 3 14. 8 15. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 7 16. 2 15. 7 15. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -28. 0 -28. 0 -28. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -1. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 49 610 50 665

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 3.0 8.0
300 2.5 6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

250 2.0 4.0

200 2.0
1.5
150 0.0
100 1.0
-2.0
50 0.5
-4.0
0 0.0 -6.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

94 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
American Samoa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 21 23 25 27 28
Males (thousands) 11 12 13 14 14
Females (thousands) 10 11 12 13 14
Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 9 48. 2 48. 6 49. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 45.2 43.7 43.2 42. 3 41. 4
Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 6 1. 3 1. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 6 1. 3 1. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 47 53 58 63 69
Males (thousands) 24 27 29 32 35
Females (thousands) 23 26 28 31 34
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 2 18. 3 16. 9 17. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 7 26. 2 23. 7 20. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 9 -8. 3 -7. 1 -3. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 107 114

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

30 46.0 2.0
25
Rate of change

45.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
20
44.0
15 1.0
43.0
10
42.0 0.5
5
0 41.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 95

International Migration Report 2009
Andorra
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 39 44 42 50 56
Males (thousands) 21 23 22 26 29
Females (thousands) 18 21 20 24 26
Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 9 47. 6 47. 4 47. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 73.7 68.3 63.5 63. 1 64. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 6 -1. 0 3. 5 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 -1. 0 3. 5 2. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 -1 9 7

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 53 65 66 80 87
Males (thousands) 28 34 35 42 45
Females (thousands) 25 31 32 38 41
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 40. 7 5. 3 36. 6 16. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 0 4. 3 4. 0 3. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 1 0. 1 2. 4 1. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 39. 6 1. 0 35. 8 13. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 137 80

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 74.0 4.0
50 72.0
Rate of change

3.0
Percentage
Thousands

40 70.0 2.0
30 68.0 1.0
20 66.0 0.0
10 64.0 -1.0
0 62.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

96 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Angola
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 34 38 46 56 65
Males (thousands) 18 20 23 27 31
Females (thousands) 15 18 23 29 35
Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 47. 6 49. 3 51. 1 53. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 2 4. 1 3. 9 3. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 11 13 13

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 12 11 13 14 13
Percentage of international migrants 36. 5 28. 8 27. 3 24. 9 19. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -2. 5 3. 1 2. 1 -2. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 10 661 12 539 14 280 16 618 18 993
Males (thousands) 5 251 6 179 7 038 8 192 9 362
Females (thousands) 5 410 6 360 7 242 8 426 9 631
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 4 26. 0 30. 3 26. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 9 27. 7 28. 0 25. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 28. 6 -24. 0 35. 0 16. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 -1. 9 2. 5 1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 42 267 42 197

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

70 3.0 5.0
60 2.5
Rate of change

4.0
Percentage
Thousands

50 2.0
40 3.0
1.5
30
1.0 2.0
20
10 0.5 1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 97

International Migration Report 2009
Anguilla
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3
Females (thousands) 1 2 2 3 3
Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 52. 0 53. 0 54. 0 55. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.2 32.8 36.4 37. 3 39. 2
Annual rate of change 6. 3 4. 5 4. 5 3. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 3 4. 5 4. 5 3. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 8 10 11 14 15
Males (thousands) 4 5 6 7 8
Females (thousands) 4 5 6 7 8
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 5 24. 2 40. 6 24. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 3 9. 1 10. 2 10. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 2 0. 4 0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 16. 4 16. 1 33. 6 14. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 20 19

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7 40.0 7.0
6 38.0 6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

5 36.0 5.0
4 4.0
34.0
3 3.0
2 32.0
2.0
1 30.0
1.0
0 28.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

98 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Antigua and Barbuda
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 12 14 16 18 21
Males (thousands) 6 6 7 8 9
Females (thousands) 6 7 9 10 12
Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 53. 0 54. 0 55. 1 56. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 19.4 20.3 20.6 21. 8 23. 6
Annual rate of change 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 3 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 13 3 10 22 24
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 3 0. 6 1. 5 2. 5 2. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 62 68 77 84 89
Males (thousands) 30 33 36 39 42
Females (thousands) 32 35 41 44 47
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 2 24. 7 15. 9 11. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 7 12. 3 13. 0 11. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 6 0. 9 0. 2 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 0 13. 2 3. 1 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 112 112

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25 24.0 2.8
2.8
Rate of change

20 23.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.8
15 22.0
2.8
10 21.0 2.8
2.8
5 20.0
2.8
0 19.0 2.8
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 99

International Migration Report 2009
Argentina
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 650 1 588 1 540 1 494 1 449
Males (thousands) 788 744 718 696 676
Females (thousands) 862 844 822 798 774
Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 53. 2 53. 4 53. 4 53. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.1 4.6 4.2 3. 9 3. 6
Annual rate of change -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 8 -0. 5 -0. 6 -0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -12 -1 -1 -2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 12 11 2 3 3
Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 7 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -1. 9 -30. 9 4. 7 1. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 56 86 432 607
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 32 498 34 772 36 939 38 732 40 666
Males (thousands) 15 974 17 074 18 127 18 995 19 947
Females (thousands) 16 524 17 697 18 812 19 736 20 719
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 5 12. 1 9. 5 9. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 8 11. 6 10. 0 9. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 24. 0 17. 3 -20. 0 6. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 7 0. 5 -0. 5 0. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 50 943 50 601

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,700 6.0 0.0
1,650 5.5
Rate of change

1,600 -0.2
Percentage
Thousands

1,550 5.0
-0.4
1,500 4.5
1,450 4.0 -0.6
1,400
3.5 -0.8
1,350
1,300 3.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

100 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Armenia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 659 682 574 493 324
Males (thousands) 271 280 236 202 133
Females (thousands) 388 402 338 290 191
Percentage of female migrants 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9 58. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 18.6 21.1 18.7 16. 1 10. 5
Annual rate of change 0. 7 -3. 4 -3. 1 -8. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -9. 0 -7. 7 -1. 5 -0. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 43 -86 -64 -153

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 261 288 227 59
Percentage of international migrants — 38. 4 50. 2 46. 2 18. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 4 1. 8 1. 6 0. 4
Annual rate of change — 2. 0 -4. 8 -26. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 65 87 498 846
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 5. 1 4. 6 10. 2 9. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 3 545 3 223 3 076 3 065 3 090
Males (thousands) 1 719 1 529 1 446 1 431 1 440
Females (thousands) 1 825 1 694 1 630 1 634 1 650
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -19. 0 -9. 4 -0. 7 1. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 5 4. 9 5. 8 6. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 -45. 0 -20. 0 -15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -28. 2 -14. 0 -6. 5 -4. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 018 3 405

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 22.0 2.0
700 20.0
Rate of change

0.0
600
Percentage
Thousands

500 18.0 -2.0

400 16.0 -4.0
300 14.0 -6.0
200
100 12.0 -8.0
0 10.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 101

International Migration Report 2009
Aruba
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 14 21 29 33 34
Males (thousands) 6 9 13 15 15
Females (thousands) 8 11 16 18 19
Percentage of female migrants 55. 5 54. 9 55. 1 55. 2 55. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 22.8 25.8 32.5 33. 1 31. 9
Annual rate of change 7. 2 7. 1 2. 5 0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 2 7. 1 2. 5 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 9 5 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 4 8 14 13
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 63 80 91 101 107
Males (thousands) 31 40 44 48 51
Females (thousands) 32 41 47 53 56
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 47. 9 24. 1 21. 7 12. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 1 8. 9 6. 1 4. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 6 1. 3 1. 5 0. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 41. 6 16. 2 16. 4 7. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 106 106

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 34.0 8.0
35 32.0 7.0
Rate of change

30
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
25 30.0
5.0
20 28.0 4.0
15 26.0 3.0
10 2.0
5 24.0
1.0
0 22.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

102 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Australia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 581 3 854 4 027 4 336 4 711
Males (thousands) 1 817 1 930 1 996 2 129 2 290
Females (thousands) 1 764 1 924 2 031 2 207 2 421
Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 49. 9 50. 4 50. 9 51. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 2 2. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.0 21.3 21.0 21. 3 21. 9
Annual rate of change 1. 5 0. 9 1. 5 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 0. 9 1. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 368 276 410 486

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 98 60 63 64 46
Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 1. 6 1. 6 1. 5 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3
Annual rate of change -9. 8 0. 9 0. 5 -6. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 370 1 651 1 903 2 990 3 828
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 17 091 18 118 19 171 20 395 21 512
Males (thousands) 8 519 9 012 9 509 10 131 10 695
Females (thousands) 8 572 9 106 9 662 10 264 10 817
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 7 11. 3 12. 4 10. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 5 6. 3 5. 9 5. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 74. 2 93. 1 128. 2 100. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 3 5. 1 6. 7 4. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 28 724 23 170

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

5,000 23.0 2.0
22.5
Rate of change

4,000
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
22.0
3,000
21.5 1.0
2,000
21.0
1,000 0.5
20.5
0 20.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 103

International Migration Report 2009
Austria
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 793 989 997 1 156 1 310
Males (thousands) 368 467 478 564 649
Females (thousands) 425 522 518 592 661
Percentage of female migrants 53. 6 52. 8 52. 0 51. 2 50. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.3 12.5 12.4 14. 0 15. 6
Annual rate of change 4. 4 0. 1 3. 0 2. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 -0. 1 3. 6 2. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 227 44 195 194

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 37 38 49 20 28
Percentage of international migrants 4. 7 3. 8 4. 9 1. 7 2. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2
Annual rate of change 0. 2 5. 2 -18. 3 7. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 635 1 012 1 441 2 941 2 965
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 4 0. 7 1. 0 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 7 671 7 936 8 005 8 232 8 387
Males (thousands) 3 671 3 828 3 871 4 001 4 093
Females (thousands) 3 999 4 108 4 133 4 231 4 294
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 8 1. 7 5. 6 3. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 1 0. 2 -0. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 46. 8 13. 0 44. 0 32. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 1 1. 6 5. 5 3. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 515 7 355

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 16.0 5.0
1,200 15.0
Rate of change

4.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 14.0 3.0

800
13.0 2.0
600
400 12.0 1.0
200 11.0 0.0
0 10.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

104 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Azerbaijan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 361 525 348 255 264
Males (thousands) 158 228 150 109 113
Females (thousands) 203 296 198 145 151
Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 6.7 4.3 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change 7. 5 -8. 2 -6. 2 0. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 2 -4. 2 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 174 -163 -84 16

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 233 111 6 2
Percentage of international migrants — 44. 4 31. 9 2. 3 0. 9
Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 3 0. 7 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -14. 8 -59. 0 -17. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 3 57 693 1 287
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 1. 1 5. 2 4. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 7 212 7 784 8 121 8 453 8 934
Males (thousands) 3 529 3 804 3 956 4 117 4 371
Females (thousands) 3 683 3 980 4 165 4 336 4 563
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 3 8. 5 8. 0 11. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 3 11. 7 10. 4 12. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -23. 1 -25. 5 -20. 0 -10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 2 -3. 3 -2. 5 -1. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 579 11 017

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

600 7.0 10.0
500
Rate of change

6.0
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
400
5.0
300 0.0
4.0
200
3.0 -5.0
100
0 2.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 105

International Migration Report 2009
Bahamas
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 27 28 30 32 33
Males (thousands) 14 15 15 16 17
Females (thousands) 13 14 15 15 16
Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5 48. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 10.1 9.8 9. 7 9. 7
Annual rate of change 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 1. 0 1. 2 1. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 — —
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 3 — —
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change — 64. 4 — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 256 281 305 325 346
Males (thousands) 127 139 150 160 169
Females (thousands) 129 142 155 166 177
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 1 16. 1 13. 1 12. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 14. 7 11. 9 10. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 6 1. 4 1. 3 1. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 455 432

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 12.0 1.2
35 11.5
Rate of change

30 1.2
Percentage
Thousands

25 11.0
1.1
20 10.5
15 10.0 1.1
10
9.5 1.0
5
0 9.0 1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

106 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Bahrain
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 173 206 239 278 315
Males (thousands) 124 145 166 190 212
Females (thousands) 49 61 74 89 104
Percentage of female migrants 28. 5 29. 8 30. 8 31. 9 32. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 35.1 35.7 36.8 38. 2 39. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 5 3. 0 3. 0 2. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 3. 0 3. 0 2. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 35 36 41 40

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 — 0 — 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 — 0. 0 — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 — 0. 0 — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 493 578 650 728 807
Males (thousands) 286 337 374 418 463
Females (thousands) 207 241 276 309 344
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 7 23. 6 22. 5 20. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 5 18. 2 16. 7 15. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 9 3. 3 4. 0 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 9 5. 7 6. 2 5. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 277 1 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 40.0 4.0
300 39.0 3.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

250 3.0
38.0
200 2.5
37.0 2.0
150
36.0 1.5
100
1.0
50 35.0
0.5
0 34.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 107

International Migration Report 2009
Bangladesh
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 882 1 006 988 1 032 1 085
Males (thousands) 759 867 851 889 935
Females (thousands) 122 139 137 143 150
Percentage of female migrants 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9 13. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.8 0.7 0. 7 0. 7
Annual rate of change 2. 6 -0. 4 0. 9 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 162 16 73 80

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 84 22 21 27
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 8. 3 2. 2 2. 0 2. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2
Annual rate of change 140. 9 -26. 8 -1. 1 5. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 779 1 202 1 968 4 314 6 562
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 6 3. 2 4. 3 7. 5 9. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 115 632 128 086 140 767 153 122 164 425
Males (thousands) 58 949 65 069 71 294 77 483 83 134
Females (thousands) 56 683 63 017 69 473 75 639 81 292
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 5 18. 9 16. 8 14. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 19. 7 17. 8 15. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 -110. 0 -140. 0 -114. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 9 -1. 0 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 2. 2 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 222 495 232 332

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 3.0 3.0
1,000 2.5 2.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
800 2.0
1.5
600 1.5 1.0
400 1.0 0.5
0.0
200 0.5
-0.5
0 0.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

108 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Barbados
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 21 23 25 26 28
Males (thousands) 9 9 10 10 11
Females (thousands) 12 13 15 16 17
Percentage of female migrants 58. 1 58. 8 59. 4 60. 1 60. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.2 8.9 9.7 10. 4 10. 9
Annual rate of change 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4 1. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 38 53 102 140 140
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 2. 8 4. 0 4. 5 3. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 260 258 252 253 257
Males (thousands) 125 124 122 123 125
Females (thousands) 135 134 130 131 132
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -1. 3 -5. 0 1. 3 2. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 4 4. 4 3. 6 3. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 0 -2. 4 -0. 6 -0. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 7 -9. 3 -2. 4 -1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 237 250

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

30 11.0 1.4
25 10.5 1.4
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

1.4
20 10.0
1.4
15 9.5 1.4
10 9.0 1.4
1.4
5 8.5
1.4
0 8.0 1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 109

International Migration Report 2009
Belarus
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 249 1 185 1 124 1 107 1 090
Males (thousands) 572 543 515 507 499
Females (thousands) 677 642 609 600 591
Percentage of female migrants 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2 54. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 12.2 11.5 11.2 11. 3 11. 4
Annual rate of change -1. 1 -1. 1 -0. 3 -0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -0. 8 -0. 3 -0. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -10 -2 43 43

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 15 0 1 1
Percentage of international migrants — 1. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -75. 2 14. 1 -1. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 29 139 255 354
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 2 1. 3 0. 8 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 10 260 10 270 10 054 9 816 9 588
Males (thousands) 4 808 4 821 4 708 4 577 4 456
Females (thousands) 5 451 5 449 5 346 5 239 5 132
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 2 -4. 3 -4. 8 -4. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -4. 3 -5. 2 -4. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — 4. 0 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — 0. 4 —
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 7 275 7 372

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,300 13.0 0.0
1,250 12.5 -0.2
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

1,200 12.0 -0.4

-0.6
1,150 11.5
-0.8
1,100 11.0
-1.0
1,050 10.5
-1.2
1,000 10.0 -1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

110 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Belgium
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 892 916 879 882 975
Males (thousands) 480 487 456 451 493
Females (thousands) 411 429 423 431 481
Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 46. 8 48. 2 48. 9 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.0 9.1 8.6 8. 5 9. 1
Annual rate of change 0. 5 -0. 8 0. 1 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 -0. 7 0. 1 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 59 -2 37 125

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 26 26 18 14 17
Percentage of international migrants 2. 9 2. 8 2. 0 1. 6 1. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -0. 1 -7. 3 -4. 2 3. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 583 4 937 4 005 7 242 8 557
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 7 1. 7 1. 9 1. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 9 933 10 084 10 193 10 415 10 698
Males (thousands) 4 850 4 931 4 987 5 097 5 240
Females (thousands) 5 083 5 153 5 206 5 318 5 458
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 2. 2 4. 3 5. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 3 0. 9 0. 5 1. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 17. 0 12. 3 39. 2 40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 1. 2 3. 8 3. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 11 493 10 377

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 11.0 2.5
980
10.5 2.0
Rate of change

960
Percentage
Thousands

940 10.0 1.5

920 1.0
9.5
900 0.5
880 9.0
860 0.0
8.5
840 -0.5
820 8.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 111

International Migration Report 2009
Belize
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 30 38 36 41 47
Males (thousands) 16 20 19 20 22
Females (thousands) 14 18 18 21 24
Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 47. 4 48. 9 50. 5 52. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.0 17.5 14.5 14. 4 15. 0
Annual rate of change 4. 7 -1. 0 2. 2 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees - 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 9 -1 5 7

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 30 9 2 1 0
Percentage of international migrants 100. 0 22. 9 5. 7 1. 7 0. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -24. 8 -28. 9 -22. 3 -9. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 18 14 22 46 75
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 4 2. 4 2. 6 4. 1 5. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 190 220 252 282 313
Males (thousands) 96 111 127 142 158
Females (thousands) 94 109 125 140 155
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 29. 8 26. 5 23. 1 20. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 7 27. 3 23. 8 21. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -0. 9 -0. 8 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 506 516

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 18.0 5.0
17.5 4.0
Rate of change

40
17.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
30 16.5
2.0
16.0
20 15.5 1.0
15.0 0.0
10
14.5 -1.0
0 14.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

112 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Benin
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 76 146 134 188 232
Males (thousands) 40 78 72 101 126
Females (thousands) 36 69 62 86 106
Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 46. 9 46. 4 46. 0 45. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 2.6 2.0 2. 4 2. 5
Annual rate of change 13. 0 -1. 8 6. 8 4. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 4 5. 4 5. 4 5. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 74 -6 59 51

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 47 4 18 9
Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 32. 2 3. 0 9. 4 4. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 85. 5 -49. 4 29. 7 -12. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 101 100 87 173 224
Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 5 4. 6 3. 7 4. 0 4. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 4 795 5 723 6 659 7 868 9 212
Males (thousands) 2 354 2 846 3 322 3 956 4 651
Females (thousands) 2 441 2 878 3 338 3 912 4 560
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 4 30. 3 33. 3 31. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 3 31. 2 30. 5 30. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 21. 0 -5. 9 19. 8 10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 4 -1. 0 3. 0 1. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 21 982 22 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250 4.0 15.0
3.5
Rate of change

200
Percentage
Thousands

10.0
3.0
150
2.5 5.0
100
2.0
50 0.0
1.5
0 1.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 113

International Migration Report 2009
Bermuda
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 16 17 18 19 20
Males (thousands) 8 8 9 9 10
Females (thousands) 8 9 9 10 10
Percentage of female migrants 51. 8 51. 7 51. 7 51. 7 51. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 26.2 27.1 28.1 29. 3 30. 7
Annual rate of change 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 60 61 63 64 65
Males (thousands) 29 30 31 31 32
Females (thousands) 31 32 32 33 33
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 4 4. 6 4. 1 2. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 4 4. 6 4. 1 2. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 63 63

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25 31.0 1.2
1.2
Rate of change

20 30.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.2
15 29.0
1.2
10 28.0 1.2
1.2
5 27.0
1.2
0 26.0 1.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

114 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Bhutan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 24 28 32 37 40
Males (thousands) 19 23 26 30 33
Females (thousands) 4 5 6 7 7
Percentage of female migrants 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5 18. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.3 5.4 5.7 5. 7 5. 7
Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 5 6 6 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 549 509 561 650 708
Males (thousands) 281 259 285 342 373
Females (thousands) 267 250 277 308 335
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -15. 2 19. 6 29. 3 17. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 1 19. 6 17. 7 14. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 2 0. 0 7. 0 2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -36. 8 0. 1 12. 5 3. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 013 1 004

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 7.0 3.5
6.5 3.0
Rate of change

40
Percentage
Thousands

6.0 2.5
30
2.0
5.5
20 1.5
5.0
1.0
10 4.5
0.5
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 115

International Migration Report 2009
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 60 70 89 114 146
Males (thousands) 30 35 46 59 76
Females (thousands) 29 34 43 55 70
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 1 48. 6 48. 1 47. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.9 1.1 1. 2 1. 5
Annual rate of change 3. 1 4. 9 4. 9 4. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 5. 1 4. 9 4. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 22 28 35

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 1 0 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 4 1. 0 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 22. 1 -14. 0 8. 2 2. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 7 127 346 927
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 1. 5 3. 6 7. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 6 671 7 484 8 317 9 182 10 031
Males (thousands) 3 304 3 717 4 138 4 575 5 003
Females (thousands) 3 366 3 767 4 179 4 607 5 028
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 0 21. 1 19. 8 17. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 8 23. 6 22. 1 19. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 0 -2. 7 -2. 4 -2. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 14 908 16 085

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 3.0 6.0
140 2.5
Rate of change

5.0
120
Percentage
Thousands

100 2.0 4.0

80 1.5 3.0
60 1.0 2.0
40
20 0.5 1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

116 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 56 73 96 35 28
Males (thousands) 27 35 46 18 14
Females (thousands) 29 38 50 18 14
Percentage of female migrants 52. 6 52. 3 51. 6 49. 8 50. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 2.2 2.6 0. 9 0. 7
Annual rate of change 5. 4 5. 4 -20. 1 -4. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 4 -10. 2 -17. 1 0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 25 -58 -6

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 52 16 9
Percentage of international migrants — — 54. 1 46. 6 31. 8
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change — — -23. 1 -12. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 1 595 2 043 2 700
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 35. 2 19. 0 18. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 4 308 3 332 3 694 3 781 3 760
Males (thousands) 2 129 1 616 1 780 1 819 1 809
Females (thousands) 2 179 1 716 1 913 1 962 1 951
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -51. 4 20. 6 4. 7 -1. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 6 4. 5 1. 4 -0. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -205. 0 56. 4 12. 4 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -47. 6 16. 9 3. 3 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 008 3 058

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 3.0 10.0
100 2.5 5.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

80 2.0 0.0
-5.0
60 1.5
-10.0
40 1.0
-15.0
20 0.5
-20.0
0 0.0 -25.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 117

International Migration Report 2009
Botswana
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 28 39 56 80 115
Males (thousands) 17 23 32 45 62
Females (thousands) 11 16 24 36 53
Percentage of female migrants 39. 6 40. 5 42. 4 44. 3 46. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.5 3.2 4. 4 5. 8
Annual rate of change 7. 0 7. 2 7. 2 7. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 6. 5 7. 3 7. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 18 27 38

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 0 2 3 3
Percentage of international migrants 4. 4 1. 0 4. 3 3. 7 2. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -23. 1 36. 8 4. 1 -1. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 86 59 26 125 141
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 5 1. 3 0. 5 1. 4 1. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 1 352 1 550 1 723 1 839 1 978
Males (thousands) 665 765 853 915 989
Females (thousands) 687 785 869 924 988
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 4 21. 1 13. 1 14. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 18. 3 10. 8 12. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 8 4. 6 4. 0 3. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 1 2. 9 2. 3 1. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 758 2 667

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140 6.0 8.0
120
Rate of change

5.0 7.5
Percentage
Thousands

100
80 4.0 7.0
60 3.0 6.5
40
2.0 6.0
20
0 1.0 5.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

118 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Brazil
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 799 731 685 686 688
Males (thousands) 426 390 366 368 369
Females (thousands) 372 341 318 318 319
Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 6 46. 5 46. 4 46. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.4 0. 4 0. 4
Annual rate of change -1. 8 -1. 3 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 -1. 3 0. 0 -0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -48 -28 18 18

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 5 2 3 3 21
Percentage of international migrants 0. 7 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 3. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change -18. 3 3. 5 5. 8 36. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 573 3 315 1 649 3 540 4 382
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 4 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 149 570 161 692 174 174 186 075 195 423
Males (thousands) 74 305 80 111 86 090 91 780 96 199
Females (thousands) 75 266 81 581 88 084 94 294 99 224
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 6 14. 9 13. 2 9. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 8 15. 1 13. 5 10. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -36. 8 -42. 0 -45. 8 -45. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 9 2. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 218 512 220 432

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

850 3.0 0.5
2.5
Rate of change

800 0.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
750 -0.5
1.5
700 -1.0
1.0
650 0.5 -1.5
600 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 119

International Migration Report 2009
British Virgin Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 8 8 8 8 9
Males (thousands) 4 4 4 4 4
Females (thousands) 4 4 4 4 4
Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 6 48. 6 48. 6 48. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 46.0 43.2 40.9 38. 4 36. 6
Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 17 18 21 22 23
Males (thousands) 8 9 11 11 12
Females (thousands) 8 9 10 11 11
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 4 21. 2 14. 0 11. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 16. 5 14. 0 11. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 1 — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 9 5. 0 — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 28 28

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

9 46.0 1.2
8
Rate of change

44.0 1.0
8
Percentage
Thousands

8 42.0 0.8
8 0.6
8 40.0
0.4
7
38.0
7 0.2
7 36.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

120 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Brunei Darussalam
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 73 87 104 124 148
Males (thousands) 42 49 58 69 81
Females (thousands) 31 38 46 56 67
Percentage of female migrants 42. 8 43. 5 44. 1 44. 8 45. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.5 29.6 31.2 33. 6 36. 4
Annual rate of change 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5 3. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 15 18 21 25

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 257 295 333 370 407
Males (thousands) 136 155 174 192 210
Females (thousands) 121 140 160 178 197
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 6 24. 5 20. 8 19. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 0 22. 3 18. 8 17. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 2. 4 2. 1 1. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 658 552

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 3.5
140 36.0
3.5
Rate of change

120
Percentage
Thousands

34.0 3.5
100
3.5
80
32.0 3.5
60
40 30.0 3.5
20 3.5
0 28.0 3.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 121

International Migration Report 2009
Bulgaria
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 22 47 101 104 107
Males (thousands) 9 20 42 44 45
Females (thousands) 12 27 59 60 62
Percentage of female migrants 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9 57. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.6 1.3 1. 3 1. 4
Annual rate of change 15. 5 15. 5 0. 6 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 9 15. 8 -0. 1 0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 26 57 8 9

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 1 5 5
Percentage of international migrants — 2. 6 1. 0 4. 4 4. 4
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -3. 3 30. 1 0. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 58 1 613 2 132
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 5 5. 9 5. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 8 819 8 357 8 006 7 739 7 497
Males (thousands) 4 347 4 093 3 902 3 755 3 622
Females (thousands) 4 472 4 264 4 104 3 984 3 875
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -10. 8 -8. 6 -6. 8 -6. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 7 -5. 9 -5. 7 -5. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -69. 7 -21. 7 -8. 3 -10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -7. 9 -2. 6 -1. 0 -1. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 392 5 910

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 3.0 20.0
100 2.5
Rate of change

15.0
Percentage
Thousands

80 2.0
10.0
60 1.5
40 1.0 5.0

20 0.5 0.0
0 0.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

122 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Burkina Faso
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 345 464 573 773 1 043
Males (thousands) 166 224 278 378 513
Females (thousands) 179 240 294 395 530
Percentage of female migrants 52. 0 51. 7 51. 4 51. 1 50. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.6 4.9 5. 6 6. 4
Annual rate of change 5. 9 4. 2 6. 0 6. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 2 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 140 135 229 308

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 40 1 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 1 8. 6 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 94. 4 -81. 3 -6. 2 0. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 140 80 67 50 50
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 5 3. 4 2. 6 0. 9 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 8 814 10 127 11 676 13 747 16 287
Males (thousands) 4 345 5 000 5 777 6 851 8 138
Females (thousands) 4 469 5 127 5 899 6 896 8 149
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 28. 5 32. 7 33. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 6 31. 0 34. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 5 -24. 1 20. 0 -13. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -2. 4 1. 7 -0. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 40 830 41 531

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 7.0 7.0
1,000 6.5 6.0
Rate of change

6.0
Percentage
Thousands

800 5.0
5.5
4.0
600 5.0
4.5 3.0
400
4.0 2.0
200 3.5 1.0
0 3.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 123

International Migration Report 2009
Burundi
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 333 295 77 82 61
Males (thousands) 163 142 36 38 28
Females (thousands) 170 153 41 44 33
Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 51. 9 52. 8 53. 7 54. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.9 4.8 1.2 1. 1 0. 7
Annual rate of change -2. 4 -26. 9 1. 2 -5. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -15 -199 9 -17

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 268 237 25 35 19
Percentage of international migrants 80. 4 80. 2 32. 0 42. 6 31. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 4 1. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1
Annual rate of change -2. 5 -45. 3 6. 9 -12. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 0 0
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 5 681 6 167 6 473 7 378 8 519
Males (thousands) 2 770 3 003 3 140 3 602 4 179
Females (thousands) 2 912 3 164 3 332 3 776 4 340
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 4 9. 7 26. 2 28. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 8 22. 3 20. 6 20. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -50. 0 -80. 0 38. 3 64. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 8 -13. 0 5. 9 8. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 14 846 15 057

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 6.0 5.0
300 5.0 0.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

250 4.0 -5.0

200 -10.0
3.0
150 -15.0
100 2.0
-20.0
50 1.0
-25.0
0 0.0 -30.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

124 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Cambodia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 38 116 237 304 336
Males (thousands) 19 58 116 148 162
Females (thousands) 19 59 121 156 173
Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 50. 6 51. 0 51. 3 51. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 1.0 1.9 2. 2 2. 2
Annual rate of change 22. 2 14. 2 5. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 22. 2 14. 2 5. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 80 125 75 41

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 15. 3 44. 2 -12. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 12 121 200 353
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 4 3. 3 3. 2 4. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 9 690 11 380 12 760 13 866 15 053
Males (thousands) 4 615 5 475 6 181 6 754 7 374
Females (thousands) 5 075 5 905 6 579 7 112 7 679
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 2 22. 9 16. 6 16. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 21. 5 16. 5 16. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 0 16. 0 2. 0 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 1 1. 4 0. 2 -0. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 23 795 23 898

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

400 3.0 25.0
350 2.5
Rate of change

300 20.0
Percentage
Thousands

250 2.0
15.0
200 1.5
150 1.0 10.0
100
0.5 5.0
50
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 125

International Migration Report 2009
Cameroon
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 265 246 228 212 197
Males (thousands) 146 135 125 115 107
Females (thousands) 120 111 104 97 90
Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 3 45. 4 45. 6 45. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.2 1.8 1.4 1. 2 1. 0
Annual rate of change -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 4 -2. 0 -3. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -6 -5 -4 -4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 49 45 46 55 48
Percentage of international migrants 18. 6 18. 2 20. 3 26. 2 24. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3
Annual rate of change -1. 8 0. 7 3. 5 -3. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 23 11 11 77 167
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 12 233 14 054 15 865 17 823 19 958
Males (thousands) 6 080 6 991 7 902 8 895 9 981
Females (thousands) 6 153 7 063 7 964 8 928 9 978
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 24. 2 23. 3 22. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 24. 2 23. 4 22. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 1 -0. 0 -2. 4 -3. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 2 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 36 736 36 821

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

300 3.0 0.0
250 2.5 -0.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

200 2.0 -1.0

-1.5
150 1.5
-2.0
100 1.0
-2.5
50 0.5
-3.0
0 0.0 -3.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

126 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Canada
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 498 5 047 5 555 6 304 7 202
Males (thousands) 2 206 2 450 2 680 3 028 3 445
Females (thousands) 2 291 2 597 2 875 3 276 3 757
Percentage of female migrants 50. 9 51. 5 51. 8 52. 0 52. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 9 3. 0 3. 1 3. 2 3. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.2 17.2 18.1 19. 5 21. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 3 1. 9 2. 5 2. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 1 2. 5 2. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 667 643 898 1 071

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 145 169 125 144 164
Percentage of international migrants 3. 2 3. 4 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 8 0. 9 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change 3. 1 -6. 0 2. 8 2. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 27 701 29 302 30 687 32 307 33 890
Males (thousands) 13 733 14 503 15 196 16 000 16 787
Females (thousands) 13 967 14 799 15 491 16 307 17 103
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 2 9. 2 10. 3 9. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 3 3. 4 3. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 128. 5 146. 6 217. 7 210. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 6 5. 0 7. 1 6. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 44 414 33 429

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 22.0 3.0
7,000 21.0
Rate of change

2.5
6,000
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 20.0 2.0

4,000 19.0 1.5
3,000 18.0 1.0
2,000
1,000 17.0 0.5
0 16.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 127

International Migration Report 2009
Cape Verde
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 10 10 11 12
Males (thousands) 4 5 5 6 6
Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 6
Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4 50. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 2.4 2.4 2. 3 2. 4
Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 59 106 87 137 139
Percentage of gross domestic product 19. 2 21. 6 16. 1 13. 6 9. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 354 398 439 477 513
Males (thousands) 166 188 208 228 245
Females (thousands) 188 210 231 250 267
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 4 19. 5 16. 8 14. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 25. 2 22. 2 19. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 0 -2. 4 -2. 5 -2. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 6 -6. 0 -5. 7 -5. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 703 867

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

14 5.0 1.5
12 4.5
Rate of change

1.5
Percentage
Thousands

10 4.0 1.5
8
3.5 1.5
6
4 3.0 1.5
2 2.5 1.5
0 2.0 1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

128 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Cayman Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 13 18 24 34 36
Males (thousands) 6 9 12 17 18
Females (thousands) 6 9 12 17 17
Percentage of female migrants 50. 8 50. 2 49. 6 49. 0 48. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 48.6 54.8 59.2 64. 6 63. 0
Annual rate of change 7. 0 5. 6 7. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 0 5. 6 7. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 6 10 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 26 33 40 53 57
Males (thousands) 13 16 20 26 28
Females (thousands) 13 17 21 27 29
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 46. 1 41. 0 52. 7 14. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 10. 9 9. 4 7. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 0 1. 1 2. 0 0. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 38. 3 33. 4 49. 5 7. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 66 56

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 8.0
35 63.0 7.0
Rate of change

30
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
25 58.0 5.0
20 4.0
15 3.0
10 53.0
2.0
5 1.0
0 48.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 129

International Migration Report 2009
Central African Republic
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 63 67 71 76 80
Males (thousands) 33 36 38 40 43
Females (thousands) 29 31 33 35 38
Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6 46. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.0 1.9 1. 8 1. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -16. 6 -6. 7 20. 1 6. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 9 9 10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 41 52 25 10
Percentage of international migrants 5. 4 61. 2 73. 9 32. 8 12. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1
Annual rate of change 49. 8 5. 0 -15. 0 -18. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 2 928 3 335 3 746 4 101 4 506
Males (thousands) 1 438 1 636 1 837 2 013 2 214
Females (thousands) 1 491 1 698 1 908 2 089 2 292
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 0 23. 3 18. 1 18. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 5 22. 6 20. 4 18. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 7. 5 2. 3 -9. 0 1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 0. 7 -2. 4 0. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 7 603 7 587

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

100 4.0 30.0
3.5
Rate of change

80 20.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
60 10.0
2.5
40 0.0
2.0
20 1.5 -10.0
0 1.0 -20.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

130 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Chad
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 74 78 105 358 388
Males (thousands) 40 42 56 186 202
Females (thousands) 34 36 48 172 186
Percentage of female migrants 46. 0 46. 1 46. 1 48. 0 48. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.2 3. 6 3. 4
Annual rate of change 1. 0 5. 8 24. 6 1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 31 260 52

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 21 268 290
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 19. 6 74. 7 74. 8
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 1. 9 1. 8
Annual rate of change — 105. 6 51. 3 1. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 6 105 7 128 8 402 10 019 11 506
Males (thousands) 3 016 3 527 4 164 4 973 5 720
Females (thousands) 3 089 3 600 4 238 5 045 5 786
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 0 32. 9 35. 2 27. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 31. 0 30. 4 29. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 1 13. 9 43. 8 -15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 1. 9 5. 2 -1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 27 776 28 541

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 4.0 30.0
3.5
Rate of change

400 25.0
3.0
Percentage
Thousands

300 2.5 20.0

2.0 15.0
200 1.5
10.0
1.0
100
0.5 5.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 131

International Migration Report 2009
Channel Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 40 57 63 68 75
Males (thousands) 19 27 29 32 35
Females (thousands) 21 30 33 36 40
Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 53. 0 53. 0 53. 0 53. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 28.3 39.8 42.7 46. 0 49. 8
Annual rate of change 7. 1 1. 8 1. 8 1. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 1 1. 8 1. 8 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 8 8 9

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 142 144 147 149 150
Males (thousands) 69 70 72 73 73
Females (thousands) 73 74 75 76 77
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 3. 7 2. 6 1. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 4 0. 3 0. 6 -0. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 3. 5 2. 0 2. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 144 128

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 8.0
70 48.0
7.0
Rate of change

60
Percentage
Thousands

43.0 6.0
50 5.0
40 38.0 4.0
30 3.0
20 33.0 2.0
10 1.0
0 28.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

132 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Chile
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 108 136 177 231 320
Males (thousands) 55 68 87 110 149
Females (thousands) 53 68 91 121 171
Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 49. 9 51. 1 52. 3 53. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.9 1.2 1. 4 1. 9
Annual rate of change 4. 7 5. 3 5. 3 6. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 7 5. 3 5. 3 6. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 31 44 57 94

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 6. 7 6. 4 13. 9 12. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 .. 13 13 3
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 13 191 14 410 15 419 16 297 17 135
Males (thousands) 6 515 7 125 7 626 8 062 8 474
Females (thousands) 6 676 7 285 7 793 8 236 8 661
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 7 13. 5 11. 1 10. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 4 12. 7 10. 7 9. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 18. 0 12. 0 6. 0 6. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 0. 8 0. 4 0. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 20 657 20 344

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 3.0 7.0
300 2.5 6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

250 2.0 5.0

200 4.0
1.5
150 3.0
100 1.0
2.0
50 0.5
1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 133

International Migration Report 2009
China
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 376 437 508 590 686
Males (thousands) 192 219 254 295 343
Females (thousands) 184 219 254 295 343
Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 10. 0 7. 2 6. 1 5. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 71 82 95 111

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 286 288 294 300 301
Percentage of international migrants 75. 9 65. 8 57. 8 50. 9 43. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 1. 6 1. 9 2. 2 1. 8
Annual rate of change 0. 1 0. 4 0. 4 0. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 210 1 053 6 244 20 337 32 833
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 9 1. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 1 142 090 1 210 969 1 266 954 1 312 253 1 354 146
Males (thousands) 589 213 625 939 656 022 680 544 702 843
Females (thousands) 552 877 585 030 610 932 631 709 651 304
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 7 9. 0 7. 0 6. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 9 9. 2 7. 3 6. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -165. 9 -157. 2 -411. 7 -346. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 3 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 21. 6 21. 2 20. 7 20. 2 19. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 417 045 1 432 567

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 2.0 12.0
700 1.5
Rate of change

10.0
600
Percentage
Thousands

500 1.0 8.0

400 0.5 6.0
300 0.0 4.0
200
100 -0.5 2.0
0 -1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

134 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 218 2 431 2 669 2 721 2 742
Males (thousands) 1 125 1 180 1 226 1 185 1 178
Females (thousands) 1 094 1 251 1 443 1 536 1 563
Percentage of female migrants 49. 3 51. 5 54. 1 56. 5 57. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 4 1. 5 1. 5 1. 4 1. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 38.9 39.1 40.0 39. 5 38. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 8 1. 9 0. 4 0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 9 0. 4 0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 257 285 105 81

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 10 2 1 2 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -36. 9 -9. 7 13. 3 -12. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 136 297 317
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 5 704 6 214 6 667 6 883 7 069
Males (thousands) 2 922 3 087 3 221 3 292 3 348
Females (thousands) 2 782 3 127 3 446 3 591 3 721
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 14. 1 6. 4 5. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 4. 7 3. 0 2. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 60. 0 60. 0 22. 7 22. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 5 9. 7 3. 4 3. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 623 5 698

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,000 41.0 2.5
2,500 40.5
Rate of change

2.0
Percentage
Thousands

2,000 40.0
1.5
1,500 39.5
1,000 39.0 1.0

500 38.5 0.5

0 38.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 135

International Migration Report 2009
China, Macao Special Administrative Region
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 200 224 240 278 300
Males (thousands) 94 103 109 130 145
Females (thousands) 106 121 131 148 155
Percentage of female migrants 53. 0 53. 9 54. 6 53. 4 51. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 53.9 54.5 54.5 57. 0 54. 7
Annual rate of change 2. 3 1. 4 2. 9 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 1. 4 2. 9 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 27 19 42 26

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 — — —
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 0 — — —
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 — — —
Annual rate of change -71. 0 — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 588 399
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 5. 1 2. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 372 412 441 488 548
Males (thousands) 181 199 212 233 261
Females (thousands) 191 213 229 255 287
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 2 13. 7 20. 1 23. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 5 6. 5 2. 9 3. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 8. 0 10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 2 7. 4 18. 1 20. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 593 486

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 58.0 3.5
300 3.0
Rate of change

57.0
Percentage
Thousands

250 2.5
200 56.0
2.0
150 55.0 1.5
100 1.0
54.0
50 0.5
0 53.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

136 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Colombia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 104 109 110 110 110
Males (thousands) 53 56 56 57 57
Females (thousands) 51 54 53 53 53
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 1 48. 7 48. 3 47. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 2
Annual rate of change 0. 9 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 3 3 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -15. 5 -2. 6 -9. 2 1. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 495 815 1 610 3 346 4 523
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 0 0. 9 1. 9 2. 7 2. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 33 204 36 459 39 773 43 049 46 300
Males (thousands) 16 475 18 025 19 626 21 213 22 785
Females (thousands) 16 728 18 434 20 147 21 836 23 515
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 7 17. 4 15. 8 14. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 1 18. 2 16. 4 15. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -50. 0 -30. 0 -24. 0 -24. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 5 -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 62 877 64 152

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

112 3.0 1.2
110 2.5
Rate of change

1.0
Percentage
Thousands

108 2.0 0.8

106 1.5 0.6
104 1.0 0.4
102 0.5 0.2
100 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 137

International Migration Report 2009
Comoros
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 14 14 14 14 14
Males (thousands) 7 7 7 6 6
Females (thousands) 7 7 7 7 7
Percentage of female migrants 52. 3 52. 5 52. 8 53. 1 53. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.8 2.5 2. 2 2. 0
Annual rate of change -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — -46. 1 —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 10 12 12 12 12
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 1 5. 2 5. 9 3. 1 2. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 438 493 552 616 691
Males (thousands) 219 247 277 309 347
Females (thousands) 219 246 275 307 344
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 9 22. 4 22. 1 22. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 2 24. 7 25. 5 26. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 -1. 2 -2. 0 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -2. 4 -3. 6 -3. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 226 1 334

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

14 4.0 -0.2
3.5
Rate of change

14 -0.2
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
14 -0.2
2.5
14 -0.2
2.0
13 1.5 -0.2
13 1.0 -0.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

138 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Congo
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 130 131 105 129 143
Males (thousands) 64 65 53 65 72
Females (thousands) 65 65 52 64 71
Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 50. 1 49. 9 49. 6 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.3 4.7 3.5 3. 8 3. 8
Annual rate of change 0. 2 -4. 4 4. 1 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -31. 6 19. 4 8. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 -20 29 20

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 17 82 67 47
Percentage of international migrants 2. 5 13. 4 77. 8 52. 2 32. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 5 0. 5 0. 3
Annual rate of change 34. 0 30. 8 -3. 8 -7. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 4 10 11 15
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 2 446 2 782 3 036 3 417 3 759
Males (thousands) 1 218 1 385 1 512 1 704 1 877
Females (thousands) 1 228 1 397 1 524 1 713 1 882
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 7 17. 4 23. 7 19. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 6 23. 4 21. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 9 -18. 1 0. 7 -10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -6. 5 0. 2 -2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 863 6 630

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 6.0 30.0
140 5.5 20.0
Rate of change

120
Percentage
Thousands

5.0 10.0
100
0.0
80 4.5
60 -10.0
4.0
40 -20.0
20 3.5
-30.0
0 3.0 -40.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 139

International Migration Report 2009
Cook Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 2
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 44. 2 44. 2 44. 3 44. 3 44. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.6 14.8 15.9 14. 6 14. 1
Annual rate of change 1. 1 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 1 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 18 19 18 19 20
Males (thousands) 9 10 9 10 10
Females (thousands) 9 9 9 9 10
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 1 -10. 5 16. 6 8. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 3 18. 6 14. 0 11. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 5 0. 0 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 4 -28. 3 2. 7 -3. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 24 27

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3 16.0 1.2
3 15.5
Rate of change

1.0
3
Percentage
Thousands

3 15.0 0.8
3 14.5 0.6
3 14.0 0.4
3
3 13.5 0.2
2 13.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

140 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Costa Rica
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 418 228 311 443 489
Males (thousands) 212 116 157 222 245
Females (thousands) 205 113 154 220 244
Percentage of female migrants 49. 2 49. 4 49. 6 49. 8 50. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.6 6.6 7.9 10. 2 10. 5
Annual rate of change -12. 1 6. 2 7. 1 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 5 7. 5 7. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -183 86 136 53

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 278 24 14 11 17
Percentage of international migrants 66. 4 10. 7 4. 6 2. 4 3. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -48. 6 -10. 8 -5. 4 9. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 12 123 136 420 635
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 1. 0 0. 9 2. 1 2. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 3 078 3 479 3 931 4 328 4 640
Males (thousands) 1 566 1 769 1 999 2 200 2 356
Females (thousands) 1 512 1 710 1 932 2 128 2 284
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 5 24. 4 19. 3 13. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 6 17. 5 15. 2 12. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 12. 5 25. 5 16. 8 6. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 1 7. 3 4. 3 1. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 373 6 040

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

600 14.0 10.0
500 13.0
Rate of change

12.0 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

400 11.0 0.0

300 10.0
200 9.0 -5.0
8.0
100 -10.0
7.0
0 6.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 141

International Migration Report 2009
Côte d'Ivoire
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 816 1 985 2 336 2 371 2 407
Males (thousands) 1 012 1 102 1 290 1 302 1 321
Females (thousands) 805 883 1 047 1 069 1 085
Percentage of female migrants 44. 3 44. 5 44. 8 45. 1 45. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 2 1. 2 1. 3 1. 2 1. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.4 13.3 13.5 12. 3 11. 2
Annual rate of change 1. 8 3. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 3 5. 7 1. 0 0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 243 434 138 131

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 136 329 130 57 26
Percentage of international migrants 7. 5 16. 6 5. 5 2. 4 1. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 8 0. 8 0. 4 0. 2
Annual rate of change 17. 6 -18. 6 -16. 5 -15. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 44 151 119 163 179
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 1. 4 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 12 610 14 981 17 281 19 245 21 571
Males (thousands) 6 548 7 759 8 898 9 843 10 976
Females (thousands) 6 063 7 222 8 384 9 402 10 595
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 5 28. 6 21. 5 22. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 26. 4 25. 2 24. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 75. 0 35. 0 -67. 7 -29. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 9 2. 3 -3. 9 -1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 43 373 43 085

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,000 15.0 7.0
2,500 6.0
Rate of change

14.0
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
2,000
13.0 4.0
1,500 3.0
12.0
1,000 2.0
11.0 1.0
500
0.0
0 10.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on a combination of foreign-born persons and foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

142 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Croatia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 475 721 616 661 700
Males (thousands) 223 338 289 311 329
Females (thousands) 253 383 327 351 371
Percentage of female migrants 53. 2 53. 1 53. 1 53. 0 53. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 15.4 13.7 14. 9 15. 9
Annual rate of change 8. 3 -3. 2 1. 4 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 1. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 264 -77 71 67

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 191 25 3 2
Percentage of international migrants — 26. 5 4. 1 0. 5 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 1. 0 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -40. 4 -40. 9 -9. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 544 641 1 222 1 394
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 9 3. 5 3. 2 2. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 4 517 4 669 4 505 4 443 4 410
Males (thousands) 2 185 2 250 2 170 2 139 2 125
Females (thousands) 2 332 2 419 2 335 2 304 2 285
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 6 -7. 1 -2. 8 -1. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 0 -0. 2 -2. 2 -2. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 5 -32. 0 -2. 6 2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 8 -6. 9 -0. 6 0. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 825 3 723

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 16.0 10.0
700 15.0 8.0
Rate of change

600
Percentage
Thousands

14.0 6.0
500
4.0
400 13.0
300 2.0
12.0
200 0.0
100 11.0
-2.0
0 10.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 143

International Migration Report 2009
Cuba
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 35 25 18 15 15
Males (thousands) 25 18 13 11 11
Females (thousands) 10 7 5 4 4
Percentage of female migrants 29. 1 29. 0 29. 0 29. 0 28. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -6. 6 -6. 6 -3. 0 -0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 8 -6. 1 -2. 9 0. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -9 -6 -2 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 4 2 1 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 11. 5 7. 7 5. 4 4. 9 4. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -14. 7 -13. 8 -4. 9 -3. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 10 587 10 910 11 087 11 193 11 204
Males (thousands) 5 325 5 478 5 550 5 614 5 616
Females (thousands) 5 262 5 432 5 537 5 579 5 588
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 0 3. 2 1. 9 0. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 2 6. 2 4. 8 3. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 0 -32. 9 -32. 7 -38. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 3 -3. 0 -2. 9 -3. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 9 725 10 491

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 2.0 1.0
35 1.5 0.0
Rate of change

30
Percentage
Thousands

-1.0
25 1.0
-2.0
20 0.5 -3.0
15 0.0 -4.0
10 -5.0
5 -0.5
-6.0
0 -1.0 -7.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

144 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Cyprus
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 44 55 80 116 154
Males (thousands) 20 25 35 50 66
Females (thousands) 23 30 45 66 88
Percentage of female migrants 53. 3 54. 6 56. 6 57. 1 57. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.4 7.5 10.2 13. 9 17. 5
Annual rate of change 4. 6 7. 4 7. 4 5. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 7. 4 7. 4 5. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 26 38 41

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 5 0. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 25. 6 9. 3 37. 0 10. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 79 49 64 190 172
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 4 0. 5 0. 7 1. 1 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 681 731 787 836 880
Males (thousands) 339 365 387 407 429
Females (thousands) 341 366 399 429 451
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 4 14. 5 12. 2 10. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 9 6. 9 5. 0 4. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 2 5. 8 5. 8 5. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 7 7. 9 7. 4 6. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 175 904

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

200 18.0 8.0
16.0 7.0
Rate of change

150
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
14.0
5.0
100 12.0 4.0
10.0 3.0
50 2.0
8.0
1.0
0 6.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 145

International Migration Report 2009
Czech Republic
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 424 454 453 453 453
Males (thousands) 189 205 207 210 212
Females (thousands) 236 249 246 244 241
Percentage of female migrants 55. 5 54. 9 54. 3 53. 8 53. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 4.4 4.4 4. 4 4. 4
Annual rate of change 1. 3 -0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 2 0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 47 18 18 18

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 2 1 1 2
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -9. 3 4. 0 5. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 191 297 1 026 1 332
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 5 0. 8 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 10 303 10 319 10 224 10 195 10 411
Males (thousands) 5 001 5 015 4 975 4 971 5 115
Females (thousands) 5 302 5 304 5 249 5 224 5 296
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 3 -1. 8 -0. 6 4. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -2. 1 -1. 9 -0. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 6 2. 4 13. 4 45. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 2 0. 2 1. 3 4. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 294 9 148

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

460 6.0 1.4
450 5.5 1.2
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

1.0
440 5.0
0.8
430 4.5 0.6
420 4.0 0.4
0.2
410 3.5
0.0
400 3.0 -0.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

146 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 34 35 36 37 37
Males (thousands) 17 18 18 18 17
Females (thousands) 17 18 18 19 20
Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 50. 0 51. 0 52. 0 53. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.2 0.2 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 20 143 21 717 22 859 23 529 23 991
Males (thousands) 9 870 10 656 11 227 11 592 11 852
Females (thousands) 10 273 11 061 11 631 11 937 12 139
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 0 10. 2 5. 8 3. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 0 10. 2 5. 8 3. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 24 562 24 562

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

38 2.0 0.8
37 1.5 0.7
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

0.6
36 1.0
0.5
35 0.5 0.4
34 0.0 0.3
0.2
33 -0.5
0.1
32 -1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 147

International Migration Report 2009
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 754 1 919 616 480 445
Males (thousands) 363 920 295 226 209
Females (thousands) 391 999 322 254 236
Percentage of female migrants 51. 9 52. 0 52. 2 52. 9 53. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 1. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 4.3 1.2 0. 8 0. 7
Annual rate of change 18. 7 -22. 7 -5. 0 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 214 -1166 -97 -5

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 379 1 579 309 202 193
Percentage of international migrants 50. 2 82. 3 50. 1 42. 0 43. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 2. 0 8. 5 2. 0 1. 5 1. 2
Annual rate of change 28. 6 -32. 6 -8. 5 -0. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 37 016 44 921 50 829 59 077 67 827
Males (thousands) 18 233 22 174 25 125 29 249 33 620
Females (thousands) 18 783 22 747 25 705 29 828 34 208
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 7 24. 7 30. 1 27. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 7 30. 4 30. 9 27. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 241. 6 -275. 8 -47. 3 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 5 -6. 1 -0. 9 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 147 512 148 375

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 5.0 30.0
Rate of change

2,000 4.0 20.0

Percentage
Thousands

1,500 3.0 10.0

0.0
1,000 2.0
-10.0
500 1.0
-20.0
0 0.0 -30.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

148 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Denmark
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 235 297 371 421 484
Males (thousands) 114 145 180 202 237
Females (thousands) 121 152 191 218 247
Percentage of female migrants 51. 4 51. 2 51. 5 51. 9 51. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.6 5.7 7.0 7. 8 8. 8
Annual rate of change 4. 7 4. 4 2. 5 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 3 4. 5 3. 9 4. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 72 86 64 79

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 32 57 70 55 32
Percentage of international migrants 13. 5 19. 2 18. 9 13. 0 6. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 2
Annual rate of change 11. 7 4. 0 -4. 9 -10. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 523 667 867 1 028
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 5 140 5 228 5 335 5 417 5 481
Males (thousands) 2 533 2 580 2 637 2 680 2 718
Females (thousands) 2 607 2 648 2 698 2 737 2 763
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 4 4. 1 3. 0 2. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 1 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 11. 7 14. 7 9. 1 6. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 3 2. 8 1. 7 1. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 551 5 213

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

600 9.0 5.0
500
Rate of change

8.0 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

400
7.0 3.0
300
6.0 2.0
200
100 5.0 1.0
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 149

International Migration Report 2009
Djibouti
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 122 105 110 110 114
Males (thousands) 64 55 58 59 62
Females (thousands) 58 50 52 51 52
Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.8 16.9 15.1 13. 7 13. 0
Annual rate of change -3. 0 0. 9 0. 0 0. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 3. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -11 10 5 8

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 55 30 23 14 8
Percentage of international migrants 44. 6 28. 9 21. 1 12. 9 7. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change -11. 7 -5. 3 -9. 8 -11. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 12 .. 26 29
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 4 .. 3. 6 3. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 560 624 730 805 879
Males (thousands) 279 311 364 402 439
Females (thousands) 281 313 365 403 440
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 21. 5 31. 3 19. 7 17. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 5 22. 4 19. 7 17. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -3. 0 6. 0 — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 4 9. 6 — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 469 1 400

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

125 22.0 4.0
120 3.0
Rate of change

20.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
115
18.0 1.0
110 0.0
16.0
105 -1.0
14.0 -2.0
100
-3.0
95 12.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

150 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Dominica
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 3 4 5 6
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3
Females (thousands) 1 1 2 2 3
Percentage of female migrants 48. 0 47. 4 46. 8 46. 2 45. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 4.5 5.5 6. 7 8. 3
Annual rate of change 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9 3. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 14 3 3 25 26
Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 4 1. 4 1. 1 8. 3 8. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 69 69 68 67 67
Males (thousands) 34 34 34 34 33
Females (thousands) 35 34 34 34 33
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 9 -1. 8 -2. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 2 8. 8 7. 1 6. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -0. 7 -0. 6 -0. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 5 -10. 6 -8. 8 -8. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 66 80

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6 9.0 3.9
5 8.0 3.9
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

3.9
4 7.0
3.9
3 6.0 3.9
2 5.0 3.9
3.9
1 4.0
3.9
0 3.0 3.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 151

International Migration Report 2009
Dominican Republic
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 291 322 356 393 434
Males (thousands) 182 198 216 235 256
Females (thousands) 109 124 140 158 178
Percentage of female migrants 37. 6 38. 4 39. 3 40. 1 41. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.0 4.0 4. 1 4. 2
Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 1 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 37 41 45 50

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 1 1 — —
Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 0. 3 0. 2 — —
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change -17. 2 -13. 6 — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 315 839 1 839 2 719 3 414
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 4 5. 4 7. 8 8. 1 8. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 7 374 8 124 8 830 9 533 10 225
Males (thousands) 3 725 4 096 4 446 4 795 5 135
Females (thousands) 3 649 4 027 4 384 4 739 5 090
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 4 16. 7 15. 3 14. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 7 20. 0 18. 5 16. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 8 -27. 9 -29. 5 -28. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 5 -3. 4 -3. 3 -2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 13 441 15 040

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 6.0 2.2
5.5
Rate of change

400 2.1
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
300 2.1
4.5
200 2.0
4.0
100 3.5 2.0
0 3.0 1.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

152 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Ecuador
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 79 88 101 124 394
Males (thousands) 39 44 51 63 203
Females (thousands) 40 45 50 61 191
Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 50. 5 49. 8 49. 1 48. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.8 0.8 0. 9 2. 9
Annual rate of change 2. 3 2. 7 4. 0 23. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 4 2. 6 2. 6 2. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 11 15 24 272

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 0 1 9 263
Percentage of international migrants 0. 8 0. 3 0. 9 7. 5 66. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 1. 6
Annual rate of change -20. 9 29. 2 45. 4 67. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 51 386 1 322 2 460 3 094
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 5 1. 9 8. 3 6. 6 7. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 10 278 11 407 12 310 13 063 13 775
Males (thousands) 5 167 5 731 6 180 6 550 6 898
Females (thousands) 5 111 5 676 6 130 6 513 6 877
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 8 15. 2 11. 9 10. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 7 20. 3 18. 2 15. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -60. 0 -80. 0 -70. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 0 -5. 3 -6. 5 -5. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 17 989 19 712

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 3.0 25.0
2.5
Rate of change

400 20.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
300 15.0
1.5
200 10.0
1.0
100 0.5 5.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 153

International Migration Report 2009
Egypt
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 176 174 169 247 245
Males (thousands) 93 92 90 131 131
Females (thousands) 83 82 79 115 114
Percentage of female migrants 47. 1 47. 0 46. 8 46. 7 46. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.2 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change -0. 1 -0. 6 7. 6 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 7 -0. 7 -0. 7 -0. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 -1 81 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 6 7 90 93
Percentage of international migrants 1. 1 3. 6 4. 0 36. 3 37. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 6 0. 6
Annual rate of change 24. 4 1. 2 51. 9 0. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 4 284 3 226 2 852 5 017 7 656
Percentage of gross domestic product 10. 9 4. 7 2. 9 5. 1 5. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 57 785 63 858 70 174 77 154 84 474
Males (thousands) 29 074 32 157 35 339 38 822 42 477
Females (thousands) 28 711 31 701 34 835 38 333 41 998
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 0 18. 9 19. 0 18. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 6 20. 5 19. 7 19. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -99. 6 -107. 3 -58. 3 -68. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -1. 7 -0. 8 -0. 9
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 2 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 129 533 134 445

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

300 3.0 8.0
250 2.5
Rate of change

6.0
Percentage
Thousands

200 2.0
4.0
150 1.5
100 1.0 2.0

50 0.5 0.0
0 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

154 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
El Salvador
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 47 28 32 36 40
Males (thousands) 22 13 15 17 19
Females (thousands) 25 15 17 19 21
Percentage of female migrants 53. 1 53. 2 53. 0 52. 8 52. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.5 0.5 0. 6 0. 7
Annual rate of change -10. 3 2. 3 2. 5 2. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 2. 4 2. 4 2. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -18 4 5 5

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 21 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 43. 3 0. 5 0. 1 0. 4 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -97. 7 -26. 1 24. 4 -25. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 366 1 064 1 765 3 030 3 711
Percentage of gross domestic product 7. 6 11. 2 13. 4 17. 7 18. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 5 330 5 728 5 945 6 059 6 194
Males (thousands) 2 593 2 773 2 855 2 879 2 918
Females (thousands) 2 737 2 955 3 090 3 180 3 276
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 4 7. 4 3. 8 4. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 4 20. 6 15. 1 13. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -49. 9 -76. 8 -67. 9 -55. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 4 -13. 4 -11. 4 -9. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 7 882 8 917

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 3.0 4.0
2.5 2.0
Rate of change

40
Percentage
Thousands

0.0
2.0
30 -2.0
1.5 -4.0
20
1.0 -6.0
10 -8.0
0.5
-10.0
0 0.0 -12.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 155

International Migration Report 2009
Equatorial Guinea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 4 5 6 7
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 3 4
Females (thousands) 1 2 2 3 4
Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 47. 4 47. 0 47. 0 47. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.8 0.9 1. 0 1. 1
Annual rate of change 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0 5. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 379 452 529 609 693
Males (thousands) 187 223 262 302 344
Females (thousands) 192 229 267 307 349
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 1 31. 4 28. 1 26. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 25. 2 22. 8 22. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 9 6. 6 5. 7 3. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 445 1 445

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8 3.0 5.0
7 2.5
Rate of change

5.0
6
Percentage
Thousands

5 2.0 5.0
4 1.5 5.0
3 1.0 5.0
2
1 0.5 5.0
0 0.0 5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

156 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Eritrea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 12 12 13 15 16
Males (thousands) 6 6 7 8 9
Females (thousands) 6 6 6 7 8
Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 0.4 0.4 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 0. 2 1. 6 2. 4 2. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -1. 1 -0. 4 2. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 2 4 5
Percentage of international migrants — 7. 5 19. 1 29. 6 29. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 20. 4 11. 2 2. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 3 .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 4 .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 3 158 3 206 3 657 4 473 5 224
Males (thousands) 1 549 1 564 1 790 2 194 2 571
Females (thousands) 1 609 1 642 1 868 2 279 2 653
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 0 26. 3 40. 3 31. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 6 26. 8 28. 9 28. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -71. 7 -1. 8 45. 9 11. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 7 -0. 6 12. 5 2. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 787 10 726

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

20 3.0 3.0
2.5
Rate of change

15 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
1.0
10 1.5
1.0 0.0
5
0.5 -1.0
0 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 157

International Migration Report 2009
Estonia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 382 309 250 202 182
Males (thousands) 172 132 101 82 74
Females (thousands) 210 177 149 120 109
Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 57. 3 59. 6 59. 6 59. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.4 21.4 18.2 15. 0 13. 6
Annual rate of change -4. 3 -4. 3 -4. 3 -2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 3 -4. 3 -4. 3 -2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -54 -44 -36 -10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 30. 1 5. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 3 264 426
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 1 1. 9 2. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 1 567 1 439 1 370 1 347 1 339
Males (thousands) 734 667 632 621 618
Females (thousands) 834 772 738 726 722
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -17. 1 -9. 8 -3. 5 -1. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 7 -4. 6 -3. 6 -1. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -21. 6 -7. 3 0. 2 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 8 -5. 1 0. 1 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 233 1 233

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 25.0 0.0
23.0
Rate of change

400 -1.0
Percentage
Thousands

21.0
300 -2.0
19.0
200 -3.0
17.0
100 15.0 -4.0
0 13.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

158 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Ethiopia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 155 795 662 554 548
Males (thousands) 607 419 351 293 290
Females (thousands) 548 376 312 261 258
Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 47. 1 47. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.4 1.4 1.0 0. 7 0. 6
Annual rate of change -7. 5 -3. 6 -3. 6 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -287 -87 -75 18

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 742 371 228 108 91
Percentage of international migrants 64. 2 46. 7 34. 4 19. 6 16. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 4. 0 2. 0 1. 5 0. 8 0. 6
Annual rate of change -13. 9 -9. 7 -14. 9 -3. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 27 53 174 358
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 4 0. 7 1. 5 2. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 48 292 56 983 65 515 74 661 84 976
Males (thousands) 23 965 28 294 32 547 37 117 42 281
Females (thousands) 24 327 28 689 32 968 37 544 42 694
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 33. 1 27. 9 26. 1 25. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 28. 8 27. 1 26. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 153. 7 -55. 4 -68. 1 -60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0 -0. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 9 1. 0 1. 1 1. 1 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 173 811 174 406

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 3.0 2.0
1,200 2.5
Rate of change

0.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 2.0
800 -2.0
1.5
600
1.0 -4.0
400
200 0.5 -6.0
0 0.0 -8.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 159

International Migration Report 2009
Faeroe Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 2 2 3 3
Males (thousands) 2 1 1 2 2
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 44. 0 44. 0 43. 9 43. 8 43. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.1 4.0 4.9 6. 2 6. 5
Annual rate of change -10. 0 5. 0 6. 0 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -10. 0 5. 0 6. 0 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 1 1 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 47 43 46 49 50
Males (thousands) 25 22 24 25 26
Females (thousands) 23 21 22 23 24
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -18. 5 10. 7 12. 9 6. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 6 6. 8 6. 5 6. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 2 0. 2 0. 3 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 8 4. 1 6. 6 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 58 58

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4 7.0 10.0
3 6.5
Rate of change

6.0 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

3
5.5 0.0
2
5.0
2
4.5 -5.0
1 4.0
1 -10.0
3.5
0 3.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

160 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 1 2 2 2
Males (thousands) 0 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 0 0 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 43. 0 41. 7 40. 4 40. 4 40. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 41.2 46.6 54.0 55. 3 57. 0
Annual rate of change 6. 5 6. 3 1. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 5 6. 3 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 2 2
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 40. 6 33. 4 5. 2 4. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 8 6. 3 5. 0 4. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 36. 3 29. 5 0. 1 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 3

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2 7.0
55.0 6.0
Rate of change

2
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
50.0 4.0
1
3.0
1 45.0 2.0
1.0
0 40.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 161

International Migration Report 2009
Fiji
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 14 15 16 17 19
Males (thousands) 7 8 8 9 10
Females (thousands) 7 7 8 8 9
Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 3 48. 1 47. 9 47. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.9 1.9 2.0 2. 1 2. 2
Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 22 33 24 184 165
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 1. 7 1. 4 6. 1 4. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 724 768 802 828 854
Males (thousands) 367 390 407 420 433
Females (thousands) 356 378 395 408 421
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 8. 6 6. 5 6. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 2 19. 3 16. 8 14. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 0 -8. 4 -8. 4 -7. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 6 -10. 9 -10. 5 -8. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 910 1 229

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

20 4.0 1.5
3.5
Rate of change

15 1.5
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
1.5
10 2.5
2.0 1.5
5
1.5 1.5
0 1.0 1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

162 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Finland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 63 103 134 171 226
Males (thousands) 32 52 66 85 112
Females (thousands) 32 51 67 87 114
Percentage of female migrants 49. 9 49. 6 50. 4 50. 6 50. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 2.0 2.6 3. 3 4. 2
Annual rate of change 9. 8 5. 1 5. 0 5. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 5 5. 1 5. 6 6. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 42 34 42 60

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 10 13 12 9
Percentage of international migrants 3. 4 9. 5 9. 8 6. 7 4. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 30. 2 5. 7 -2. 4 -5. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 63 74 473 693 772
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 1 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 4 986 5 108 5 173 5 244 5 346
Males (thousands) 2 419 2 487 2 525 2 567 2 621
Females (thousands) 2 567 2 621 2 648 2 677 2 725
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 8 2. 6 2. 7 3. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 1 1. 8 1. 4 1. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 5 3. 9 6. 7 11. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 0. 8 1. 3 2. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 445 5 091

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250 5.0 12.0
4.5
Rate of change

200 10.0
4.0
Percentage
Thousands

150 3.5 8.0

3.0 6.0
100 2.5
4.0
2.0
50
1.5 2.0
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 163

International Migration Report 2009
France
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 897 6 085 6 279 6 479 6 685
Males (thousands) 2 999 3 047 3 093 3 175 3 259
Females (thousands) 2 898 3 038 3 186 3 304 3 426
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 49. 9 50. 7 51. 0 51. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 3. 7 3. 5 3. 3 3. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.4 10.5 10.6 10. 6 10. 7
Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 0. 8 0. 6 0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 396 407 412 412

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 187 175 131 139 149
Percentage of international migrants 3. 2 2. 9 2. 1 2. 1 2. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 1. 0 0. 9
Annual rate of change -1. 3 -5. 8 1. 1 1. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 4 035 4 640 8 631 11 945 13 745
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 56 842 57 999 59 128 61 013 62 637
Males (thousands) 27 642 28 163 28 700 29 645 30 461
Females (thousands) 29 200 29 836 30 429 31 368 32 175
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 0 3. 9 6. 3 5. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 2 3. 2 3. 7 3. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 47. 9 38. 4 152. 1 100. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 7 2. 6 1. 6
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 67 668 63 403

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6,800 13.0 1.0
6,600 12.5
Rate of change

0.8
Percentage
Thousands

6,400 12.0
6,200 0.6
11.5
6,000
11.0 0.4
5,800
5,600 10.5 0.2
5,400 10.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

164 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
French Guiana
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 57 68 80 100 108
Males (thousands) 31 36 41 50 54
Females (thousands) 26 32 39 50 54
Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 47. 2 49. 2 50. 0 50. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 49.0 48.8 48.5 49. 3 46. 5
Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 4. 4 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 3. 4 4. 4 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 13 21 9

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 0 — — —
Percentage of international migrants 11. 6 0. 0 — — —
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 — — —
Annual rate of change -140. 1 — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 116 139 165 202 231
Males (thousands) 61 72 85 101 115
Females (thousands) 56 67 80 101 116
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 35. 1 34. 9 40. 3 27. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 1 26. 1 24. 4 21. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 9 1. 3 2. 9 1. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 6 9. 5 17. 5 5. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 462 393

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 50.0 7.0
100 49.5 6.0
Rate of change

49.0
Percentage
Thousands

80 5.0
48.5
4.0
60 48.0
47.5 3.0
40
47.0 2.0
20 46.5 1.0
0 46.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 165

International Migration Report 2009
French Polynesia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 26 28 30 32 35
Males (thousands) 15 17 18 18 19
Females (thousands) 10 11 13 14 16
Percentage of female migrants 40. 2 40. 6 42. 0 43. 7 45. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.2 13.1 12.9 12. 7 12. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 7 1. 5 1. 4 1. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 7 1. 5 1. 4 1. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 3 3 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 557 666
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 10. 7 10. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 195 216 236 255 272
Males (thousands) 102 112 122 131 139
Females (thousands) 94 104 114 124 133
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 9 17. 9 15. 8 13. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 4 16. 4 14. 3 12. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 0. 3 0. 4 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 5 1. 5 1. 6 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 354 354

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 15.0 2.0
35 14.5
Rate of change

30
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
25 14.0
20 13.5 1.0
15 13.0
10 0.5
5 12.5
0 12.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

166 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Gabon
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 128 164 210 245 284
Males (thousands) 73 94 120 140 162
Females (thousands) 55 70 90 105 122
Percentage of female migrants 42. 9 42. 9 42. 9 42. 9 43. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.8 15.1 17.1 17. 9 18. 9
Annual rate of change 5. 0 5. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 9 3. 4 3. 7 3. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 41 53 42 48

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 1 17 11 9
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 4 7. 9 4. 6 3. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 24. 0 63. 4 -7. 8 -5. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 4 6 11 11
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 926 1 084 1 233 1 369 1 501
Males (thousands) 459 538 612 682 750
Females (thousands) 468 547 621 687 751
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 5 25. 7 20. 9 18. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 5 23. 2 19. 4 17. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 0 2. 9 1. 9 1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 3 2. 7 1. 6 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 471 2 425

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

300 19.0 6.0
250 18.0
Rate of change

5.0
Percentage
Thousands

200 17.0 4.0

150 16.0 3.0
100 15.0 2.0
50 14.0 1.0
0 13.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 167

International Migration Report 2009
Gambia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 118 148 185 232 290
Males (thousands) 66 81 98 119 144
Females (thousands) 52 67 87 113 146
Percentage of female migrants 43. 9 45. 4 47. 0 48. 7 50. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.2 13.6 14.2 15. 2 16. 6
Annual rate of change 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 5 5. 5 4. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 36 45 55 68

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 4 15 7 14
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 3. 0 7. 9 3. 2 4. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 94. 5 24. 0 -13. 8 13. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 10 19 14 57 47
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 0 5. 0 3. 3 12. 4 7. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 896 1 085 1 302 1 526 1 751
Males (thousands) 443 537 645 757 868
Females (thousands) 453 548 657 770 882
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 4 36. 5 31. 8 27. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 28. 8 27. 3 25. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 9. 0 9. 0 6. 2 3. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 0 8. 3 4. 8 2. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 763 3 721

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 17.0 6.0
300
Rate of change

16.0 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

250
15.0 4.0
200
150 3.0
14.0
100 2.0
13.0
50 1.0
0 12.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

168 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Georgia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 338 250 219 191 167
Males (thousands) 148 109 94 82 72
Females (thousands) 190 141 124 109 95
Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.2 4.9 4.6 4. 3 4. 0
Annual rate of change -6. 1 -2. 7 -2. 7 -2. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 1 -3. 3 -2. 3 -2. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -76 -22 -19 -16

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 6 3 1
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 2. 9 1. 3 0. 7
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 97. 0 -18. 6 -14. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 274 346 695
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 9. 0 5. 4 6. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 5 460 5 069 4 745 4 465 4 219
Males (thousands) 2 595 2 407 2 246 2 108 1 983
Females (thousands) 2 865 2 662 2 498 2 356 2 236
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -14. 9 -13. 2 -12. 2 -11. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 8 2. 7 1. 3 0. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -108. 8 -78. 0 -61. 8 -50. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -19. 9 -15. 4 -13. 0 -11. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 267 3 896

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

400 7.0 0.0
350 6.5 -1.0
Rate of change

300 6.0
Percentage
Thousands

-2.0
250 5.5
-3.0
200 5.0
150 4.5 -4.0
100 4.0 -5.0
50 3.5 -6.0
0 3.0 -7.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 169

International Migration Report 2009
Germany
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 936 8 992 9 981 10 598 10 758
Males (thousands) 3 293 4 966 5 322 5 651 5 737
Females (thousands) 2 643 4 026 4 659 4 947 5 021
Percentage of female migrants 44. 5 44. 8 46. 7 46. 7 46. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 8 5. 4 5. 6 5. 4 5. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.5 11.0 12.2 12. 9 13. 1
Annual rate of change 8. 3 2. 1 1. 2 0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 3. 3 1. 6 0. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 298 1 343 994 564

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 722 1 311 941 788 592
Percentage of international migrants 12. 2 14. 6 9. 4 7. 4 5. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 3. 9 7. 1 6. 0 5. 7 3. 6
Annual rate of change 11. 9 -6. 6 -3. 5 -5. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 4 876 4 523 3 644 6 933 9 839
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 79 433 81 622 82 075 82 409 82 057
Males (thousands) 38 309 39 707 40 066 40 301 40 255
Females (thousands) 41 124 41 915 42 009 42 107 41 801
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 4 1. 1 0. 8 -0. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 2 -1. 5 -2. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 529. 8 190. 4 186. 0 110. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 7 2. 3 2. 3 1. 3
Percentage of total population 1. 5 1. 4 1. 3 1. 3 1. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 70 504 64 756

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12,000 14.0 10.0
10,000 13.0
Rate of change

8.0
Percentage
Thousands

8,000 12.0
11.0 6.0
6,000
10.0
4,000 4.0
9.0
2,000 8.0 2.0
0 7.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

170 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Ghana
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 717 1 038 1 505 1 669 1 852
Males (thousands) 399 591 876 972 1 078
Females (thousands) 318 447 629 698 774
Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 1 41. 8 41. 8 41. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.8 6.0 7.7 7. 6 7. 6
Annual rate of change 7. 4 7. 4 2. 1 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 5 9. 2 1. 7 2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 348 505 225 251

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 4 98 13 48 40
Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 9. 5 0. 9 2. 9 2. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1 0. 3 0. 2
Annual rate of change 63. 6 -40. 5 26. 1 -3. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 6 17 32 99 117
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 3 0. 6 0. 9 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 14 968 17 245 19 529 21 915 24 333
Males (thousands) 7 566 8 725 9 890 11 103 12 333
Females (thousands) 7 402 8 521 9 639 10 812 12 000
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 3 24. 9 23. 1 20. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 25. 4 22. 9 21. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 0 -10. 3 2. 3 -10. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 5 -0. 6 0. 1 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 45 213 45 428

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 8.0 10.0
7.5
Rate of change

1,500 7.0 8.0

Percentage
Thousands

6.5 6.0
1,000 6.0
5.5 4.0
500 5.0
2.0
4.5
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 171

International Migration Report 2009
Gibraltar
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 8 8 9 9
Males (thousands) 5 4 4 4 4
Females (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5
Percentage of female migrants 47. 7 49. 5 51. 4 51. 4 51. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 31.4 29.4 28.1 30. 0 29. 8
Annual rate of change -0. 9 -0. 8 2. 5 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 9 -0. 8 2. 5 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 1 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 28 29 29 31 31
Males (thousands) 14 14 14 15 16
Females (thousands) 14 14 15 15 15
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 9 1. 2 12. 1 2. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 2 3. 0 2. 1 2. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 0 -0. 1 0. 3 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 9 10. 4 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 30 30

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10 32.0 3.0
2.5
Rate of change

31.0 2.0
9
Percentage
Thousands

30.0 1.5
9 1.0
29.0 0.5
0.0
8
28.0 -0.5
-1.0
8 27.0 -1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

172 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Greece
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 412 549 732 975 1 133
Males (thousands) 220 296 398 535 627
Females (thousands) 192 253 333 440 505
Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 0 45. 5 45. 1 44. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 5.1 6.7 8. 8 10. 1
Annual rate of change 5. 7 5. 7 5. 7 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 5. 8 5. 9 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 151 203 271 195

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 8 6 6 2 2
Percentage of international migrants 1. 9 1. 1 0. 9 0. 3 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -5. 4 1. 2 -19. 5 -1. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 817 3 286 2 194 1 220 2 484
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 9 2. 5 1. 7 0. 5 0. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 10 161 10 672 10 942 11 064 11 183
Males (thousands) 5 006 5 270 5 414 5 478 5 545
Females (thousands) 5 154 5 402 5 528 5 586 5 638
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 8 5. 0 2. 2 2. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 93. 9 60. 1 30. 9 30. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 2 5. 6 2. 8 2. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 939 9 391

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 11.0 7.0
1,000 10.0 6.0
Rate of change

9.0
Percentage
Thousands

800 5.0
8.0
4.0
600 7.0
6.0 3.0
400
5.0 2.0
200 4.0 1.0
0 3.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 173

International Migration Report 2009
Greenland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 8 7 7 6
Males (thousands) 6 5 5 5 4
Females (thousands) 3 2 2 2 2
Percentage of female migrants 30. 8 31. 2 31. 6 32. 0 32. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 15.4 14.2 12.9 11. 7 10. 2
Annual rate of change -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -2. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 56 56 56 57 57
Males (thousands) 30 30 30 30 30
Females (thousands) 26 26 26 27 27
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 2 2. 1 3. 5 0. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 3 9. 9 8. 1 7. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 7 -0. 4 -0. 3 -0. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 1 -7. 8 -4. 7 -7. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 50 63

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10 16.0 0.0
15.0
Rate of change

8 -0.5
Percentage
Thousands

14.0
6 -1.0
13.0
12.0 -1.5
4
11.0 -2.0
2
10.0 -2.5
0 9.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

174 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Grenada
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 6 8 11 13
Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6
Females (thousands) 2 3 4 6 7
Percentage of female migrants 50. 6 51. 5 52. 4 53. 3 54. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.8 7.8 10. 6 12. 1
Annual rate of change 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 2 6. 2 6. 2 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 3 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 18 18 22 52 55
Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 1 6. 5 5. 4 10. 2 10. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 96 100 101 103 104
Males (thousands) 47 50 50 51 52
Females (thousands) 49 51 51 51 52
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 1 2. 1 2. 5 3. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 9 13. 7 12. 4 13. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -1. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 0 -11. 6 -9. 9 -9. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 97 151

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

14 7.0
12 12.0
6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

10 10.0 5.0
8 4.0
6 8.0 3.0
4 2.0
6.0
2 1.0
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 175

International Migration Report 2009
Guadeloupe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 66 74 83 93 105
Males (thousands) 33 36 40 44 50
Females (thousands) 33 38 43 49 55
Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 51. 3 52. 2 52. 4 52. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.1 18.3 19.4 20. 5 22. 5
Annual rate of change 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3 2. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 11 12 14

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 386 405 429 456 467
Males (thousands) 189 196 206 219 224
Females (thousands) 197 208 223 236 243
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 2 11. 8 11. 9 5. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 4 11. 0 9. 1 6. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 0. 3 1. 3 -0. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 3 0. 8 2. 9 -1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 477 523

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 23.0 2.3
100 22.0 2.3
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

80 21.0 2.3
20.0 2.3
60
19.0 2.3
40 18.0 2.3
20 17.0 2.3
0 16.0 2.3
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

176 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Guam
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 70 72 74 76 79
Males (thousands) 39 41 42 43 45
Females (thousands) 30 31 32 33 34
Percentage of female migrants 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6 43. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 52.1 49.4 47.8 45. 4 43. 9
Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 4 4 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 134 146 155 169 180
Males (thousands) 71 76 79 86 91
Females (thousands) 63 70 76 83 88
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 7 12. 8 16. 6 13. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 2 19. 2 15. 6 13. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 -1. 0 0. 2 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 8 -6. 7 1. 0 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 242 242

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 53.0 0.6
78
Rate of change

51.0 0.6
76
Percentage
Thousands

74 49.0 0.6
72 0.6
70 47.0
0.6
68
45.0
66 0.6
64 43.0 0.6
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 177

International Migration Report 2009
Guatemala
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 264 46 48 53 59
Males (thousands) 113 19 21 24 27
Females (thousands) 152 26 27 29 32
Percentage of female migrants 57. 4 57. 5 55. 9 54. 4 54. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 0.5 0.4 0. 4 0. 4
Annual rate of change -35. 2 1. 1 2. 1 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -211 4 6 7

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 223 3 1 1 0
Percentage of international migrants 84. 5 6. 8 1. 5 1. 0 0. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -85. 6 -28. 9 -6. 5 -6. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 119 358 596 3 067 4 254
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 2. 7 3. 5 11. 3 12. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 8 910 10 007 11 231 12 710 14 377
Males (thousands) 4 492 4 975 5 516 6 202 7 007
Females (thousands) 4 418 5 032 5 715 6 508 7 370
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 2 23. 1 24. 7 24. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 8 30. 4 29. 7 27. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -72. 0 -78. 0 -60. 0 -40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 1 -7. 8 -5. 3 -3. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 27 480 28 298

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

300 3.0 10.0
250 2.5
Rate of change

0.0
Percentage
Thousands

200 2.0
-10.0
150 1.5
100 1.0 -20.0

50 0.5 -30.0
0 0.0 -40.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

178 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Guinea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 241 814 710 401 395
Males (thousands) 119 388 337 189 185
Females (thousands) 122 425 373 212 209
Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 52. 3 52. 5 52. 8 53. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 5 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 10.9 8.5 4. 4 3. 8
Annual rate of change 24. 3 -2. 7 -11. 4 -0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 18. 8 4. 0 4. 0 4. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 587 -59 -275 10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 163 613 464 101 28
Percentage of international migrants 67. 4 75. 3 65. 4 25. 3 7. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 9 3. 3 3. 0 0. 7 0. 2
Annual rate of change 26. 5 -5. 5 -30. 4 -25. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 1 42 151
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 1. 3 3. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 6 147 7 478 8 384 9 221 10 324
Males (thousands) 3 098 3 773 4 231 4 655 5 214
Females (thousands) 3 049 3 705 4 152 4 565 5 110
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 39. 2 22. 8 19. 0 22. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 8 28. 5 28. 7 28. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 70. 0 -45. 4 -85. 0 -60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 4 -6. 1 -10. 1 -6. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 23 975 24 095

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 11.0 30.0
10.0 25.0
Rate of change

800 20.0
9.0
Percentage
Thousands

600 8.0 15.0

7.0 10.0
400 6.0 5.0
0.0
5.0
200 -5.0
4.0 -10.0
0 3.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 179

International Migration Report 2009
Guinea-Bissau
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 14 32 19 19 19
Males (thousands) 7 16 10 10 10
Females (thousands) 7 16 10 10 10
Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0 50. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 2.7 1.5 1. 3 1. 2
Annual rate of change 16. 6 -10. 0 -0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 19 -10 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 20 7 8 8
Percentage of international migrants 10. 8 61. 8 38. 2 39. 4 40. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change 51. 4 -19. 6 0. 6 0. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 .. 2 28 29
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 .. 0. 9 9. 2 8. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 1 022 1 166 1 304 1 473 1 647
Males (thousands) 505 577 645 729 816
Females (thousands) 517 589 658 743 831
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 3 22. 3 24. 4 22. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 6 24. 0 24. 2 24. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 0 -2. 1 0. 2 -2. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 9 -1. 8 0. 2 -1. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 555 3 614

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

35 3.0 20.0
30 2.5 15.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

25 2.0 10.0
20 5.0
1.5
15 0.0
10 1.0
-5.0
5 0.5
-10.0
0 0.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

180 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Guyana
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 5 8 10 12
Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6
Females (thousands) 2 3 4 5 5
Percentage of female migrants 46. 3 46. 5 46. 4 46. 5 46. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.7 1.1 1. 3 1. 5
Annual rate of change 5. 6 7. 7 4. 5 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 6 7. 7 4. 5 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 3 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 2 27 201 278
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 3. 8 24. 4 26. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 749 759 756 764 761
Males (thousands) 365 369 367 388 391
Females (thousands) 384 390 389 376 370
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 6 -0. 7 2. 0 -0. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 8 15. 2 12. 5 9. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -10. 0 -12. 0 -8. 0 -8. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 3 -15. 8 -10. 6 -10. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 558 975

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

14 3.0 10.0
12 2.5
Rate of change

8.0
Percentage
Thousands

10 2.0
8 6.0
1.5
6
1.0 4.0
4
2 0.5 2.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 181

International Migration Report 2009
Haiti
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 19 22 26 30 35
Males (thousands) 11 13 15 17 20
Females (thousands) 8 10 11 13 15
Percentage of female migrants 44. 4 43. 2 43. 2 43. 2 43. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 4 5 6

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 61 109 578 985 1 222
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 4. 7 16. 4 24. 7 20. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 7 108 7 861 8 648 9 410 10 188
Males (thousands) 3 506 3 883 4 273 4 645 5 033
Females (thousands) 3 602 3 978 4 375 4 765 5 155
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 1 19. 1 16. 9 15. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 7 22. 4 20. 0 18. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -26. 7 -27. 2 -28. 1 -28. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -3. 5 -3. 2 -3. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 15 485 16 966

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 3.0 3.0
35 2.5
Rate of change

3.0
30
Percentage
Thousands

25 2.0 3.0
20 1.5 3.0
15 1.0 3.0
10
5 0.5 3.0
0 0.0 3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

182 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Holy See
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 51. 2 51. 6 51. 8 52. 1 52. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0
Annual rate of change 0. 3 0. 2 -0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 2 -0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 1. 5 -1. 0 0. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -8. 5 -9. 4 -12. 5 -13. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 4 11. 0 11. 4 14. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 0

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1 102.0 0.4
1 101.5
Rate of change

0.3
Percentage
Thousands

1 101.0 0.2
1 100.5 0.1
1 100.0 0.0
1 99.5 -0.1
1 99.0 -0.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 183

International Migration Report 2009
Honduras
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 270 31 28 26 24
Males (thousands) 138 16 15 14 13
Females (thousands) 133 15 14 13 12
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 48. 9 48. 8 48. 6 48. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.5 0.6 0.5 0. 4 0. 3
Annual rate of change -43. 4 -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6 -1. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -233 -2 -2 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 237 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 87. 7 0. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -158. 9 -40. 7 14. 8 -0. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 63 124 416 1 821 2 625
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 2. 6 5. 8 18. 7 21. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 4 901 5 588 6 230 6 893 7 616
Males (thousands) 2 457 2 798 3 111 3 437 3 806
Females (thousands) 2 444 2 790 3 119 3 455 3 809
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 21. 8 20. 2 19. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 8 27. 8 24. 8 22. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 0 -36. 0 -30. 0 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 9 -6. 4 -4. 8 -2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 12 402 12 975

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

300 6.0 0.0
250 5.0
Rate of change

-10.0
Percentage
Thousands

200 4.0
-20.0
150 3.0
100 2.0 -30.0

50 1.0 -40.0
0 0.0 -50.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

184 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Hungary
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 348 293 297 333 368
Males (thousands) 156 131 131 146 160
Females (thousands) 191 162 165 187 208
Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 55. 4 55. 7 56. 1 56. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.4 2.8 2.9 3. 3 3. 7
Annual rate of change -3. 4 0. 3 2. 3 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 0. 4 2. 2 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -36 19 51 51

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 36 7 5 8 8
Percentage of international migrants 10. 4 2. 4 1. 7 2. 4 2. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change -32. 4 -7. 0 9. 0 0. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 152 281 1 931 2 530
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 3 0. 6 1. 7 1. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 10 365 10 332 10 215 10 078 9 973
Males (thousands) 4 979 4 936 4 860 4 786 4 734
Females (thousands) 5 386 5 396 5 355 5 292 5 239
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -0. 6 -2. 3 -2. 7 -2. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 6 -4. 2 -4. 1 -3. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 20. 8 19. 6 14. 1 15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 0 1. 9 1. 4 1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 934 8 156

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

400 5.0 3.0
350 4.5 2.0
Rate of change

300
Percentage
Thousands

4.0 1.0
250
0.0
200 3.5
150 -1.0
3.0
100 -2.0
50 2.5
-3.0
0 2.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 185

International Migration Report 2009
Iceland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 10 11 16 23 37
Males (thousands) 4 5 7 11 19
Females (thousands) 5 6 9 12 18
Percentage of female migrants 55. 7 55. 9 54. 7 52. 0 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 4.0 5.7 7. 6 11. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 3 7. 8 7. 0 10. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 1 7. 8 7. 1 10. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 5 7 15

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 4 1. 7 1. 6 1. 2 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 28. 5 6. 6 1. 3 -10. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 62 63 88 88 41
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 0 0. 9 1. 0 0. 5 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 255 267 281 296 329
Males (thousands) 128 134 141 148 169
Females (thousands) 127 133 140 147 160
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 7 9. 9 10. 2 21. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 7 8. 8 8. 3 8. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 0. 3 0. 5 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 0 1. 2 1. 9 13. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 407 381

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

40 12.0
35 11.0
Rate of change

10.0
30
Percentage
Thousands

25 9.0 8.0
20 6.0
7.0
15
4.0
10 5.0
5 2.0
0 3.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

186 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
India
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 7 493 7 022 6 411 5 887 5 436
Males (thousands) 3 914 3 643 3 304 3 026 2 788
Females (thousands) 3 579 3 379 3 108 2 861 2 648
Percentage of female migrants 47. 8 48. 1 48. 5 48. 6 48. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 8 4. 2 3. 6 3. 0 2. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.7 0.6 0. 5 0. 4
Annual rate of change -1. 3 -1. 8 -1. 7 -1. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 -1. 7 -1. 7 -1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -183 -363 -313 -266

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 111 243 175 151 160
Percentage of international migrants 1. 5 3. 5 2. 7 2. 6 2. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 6 1. 3 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0
Annual rate of change 15. 6 -6. 5 -3. 0 1. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 384 6 223 12 890 21 293 38 666
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 1. 7 2. 8 2. 6 3. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 862 162 953 148 1 042 590 1 130 618 1 214 464
Males (thousands) 448 026 494 810 540 485 585 075 627 198
Females (thousands) 414 135 458 337 502 105 545 543 587 266
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 1 17. 9 16. 2 14. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 3 18. 2 16. 5 14. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -192. 0 -280. 0 -308. 0 -200. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 16. 3 16. 7 17. 0 17. 4 17. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 613 800 1 627 364

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 3.0 0.0
7,000 2.5
Rate of change

6,000
Percentage
Thousands

-0.5
5,000 2.0
4,000 1.5 -1.0
3,000 1.0
2,000 -1.5
1,000 0.5
0 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 187

International Migration Report 2009
Indonesia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 466 219 292 136 123
Males (thousands) 230 111 153 73 68
Females (thousands) 236 108 139 62 55
Percentage of female migrants 50. 6 49. 1 47. 6 46. 0 44. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.1 0.1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -15. 1 5. 8 -15. 4 -2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -15. 0 -7. 6 -2. 0 -2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -232 79 -149 -10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 0 143 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 0 48. 8 0. 1 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 9 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -72. 1 156. 1 -140. 2 17. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 166 651 1 190 5 420 6 174
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 3 0. 7 1. 9 1. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 177 385 191 501 205 280 219 210 232 517
Males (thousands) 88 886 95 910 102 675 109 513 116 062
Females (thousands) 88 499 95 592 102 605 109 697 116 455
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 3 13. 9 13. 1 11. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 1 14. 8 14. 1 12. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -145. 0 -180. 0 -200. 0 -146. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 8 -0. 9 -1. 0 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 288 110 295 981

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 2.0 10.0
1.5
Rate of change

400 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.0 0.0
300
0.5 -5.0
200
0.0 -10.0
100 -0.5 -15.0
0 -1.0 -20.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

188 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 292 3 016 2 804 2 062 2 129
Males (thousands) 2 457 1 757 1 662 1 243 1 303
Females (thousands) 1 835 1 258 1 142 819 825
Percentage of female migrants 42. 8 41. 7 40. 7 39. 7 38. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 8 1. 8 1. 6 1. 1 1. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.6 4.8 4.2 2. 9 2. 8
Annual rate of change -7. 1 -1. 5 -6. 1 0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1171 -145 -680 111

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 512 2 154 1 852 1 010 966
Percentage of international migrants 81. 8 71. 4 66. 0 49. 0 45. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 19. 0 11. 6 11. 8 7. 3 5. 9
Annual rate of change -9. 8 -3. 0 -12. 1 -0. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 600 536 1 032 1 115
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 56 733 62 205 66 903 70 765 75 078
Males (thousands) 29 218 31 633 34 048 36 058 38 154
Females (thousands) 27 515 30 572 32 854 34 707 36 924
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 4 14. 6 11. 2 11. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 3 14. 7 14. 1 13. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -232. 8 -11. 1 -198. 5 -100. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 1 -0. 2 -3. 0 -1. 4
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 96 975 98 536

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

5,000 8.0 4.0
7.0
Rate of change

4,000 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

6.0 0.0
3,000
5.0 -2.0
2,000
4.0 -4.0
1,000 3.0 -6.0
0 2.0 -8.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 189

International Migration Report 2009
Iraq
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 84 134 147 128 83
Males (thousands) 56 91 101 88 57
Females (thousands) 28 43 46 40 26
Percentage of female migrants 33. 3 32. 2 31. 1 31. 1 31. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.6 0.6 0. 5 0. 3
Annual rate of change 9. 4 1. 9 -2. 7 -8. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -33. 5 3. 5 29. 2 -13. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 52 16 -16 -42

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 118 128 48 43
Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 88. 3 87. 4 37. 6 52. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 6 0. 8 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 111. 4 1. 7 -19. 6 -2. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 711 389
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 2. 1 0. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 18 079 20 971 24 652 28 238 31 467
Males (thousands) 9 115 10 537 12 432 14 285 15 909
Females (thousands) 8 965 10 434 12 220 13 952 15 557
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 29. 7 32. 3 27. 2 21. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 32. 4 28. 8 25. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -30. 8 -3. 6 -44. 8 -115. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -0. 2 -1. 8 -4. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 63 995 62 533

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 3.0 40.0
140 2.5 30.0
Rate of change

120
Percentage
Thousands

20.0
100 2.0
10.0
80 1.5 0.0
60 1.0 -10.0
40 -20.0
20 0.5
-30.0
0 0.0 -40.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

190 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Ireland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 228 264 385 618 899
Males (thousands) 112 131 192 310 453
Females (thousands) 116 133 193 308 445
Percentage of female migrants 50. 8 50. 5 50. 2 49. 9 49. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.5 7.3 10.1 14. 8 19. 6
Annual rate of change 2. 9 7. 6 9. 5 7. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 9 7. 5 9. 4 7. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 43 130 243 296

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 3 7 9
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 7 1. 1 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change 0. 5 38. 1 18. 6 4. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 286 347 252 513 580
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 3 515 3 609 3 804 4 187 4 589
Males (thousands) 1 755 1 792 1 891 2 093 2 299
Females (thousands) 1 759 1 817 1 913 2 094 2 290
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 3 10. 5 19. 2 18. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 5. 4 5. 6 7. 7 9. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 18. 3 45. 9 40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 5. 1 12. 1 9. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 295 5 249

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 20.0 10.0
18.0
Rate of change

800 8.0
Percentage
Thousands

16.0
600 14.0 6.0
400 12.0
4.0
10.0
200 2.0
8.0
0 6.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 191

International Migration Report 2009
Isle of Man
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 35 36 39 42 44
Males (thousands) 16 17 19 20 22
Females (thousands) 18 19 20 21 22
Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 52. 6 52. 0 51. 3 50. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 49.6 49.7 50.9 51. 8 54. 6
Annual rate of change 0. 6 1. 7 1. 3 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 1. 7 1. 3 1. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 5 4 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 70 72 77 80 80
Males (thousands) 34 35 37 40 40
Females (thousands) 36 37 39 41 41
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 3 12. 5 9. 2 0. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 9 -0. 7 0. 1 0. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 1. 0 0. 7 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 2 13. 6 9. 3 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 75 75

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 55.0 2.0
54.0
Rate of change

40
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
53.0
30
52.0 1.0
20
51.0
10 0.5
50.0
0 49.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

192 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Israel
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 633 1 919 2 256 2 661 2 940
Males (thousands) 771 894 996 1 175 1 298
Females (thousands) 862 1 025 1 260 1 487 1 643
Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 53. 4 55. 9 55. 9 55. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 0 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 1. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 36.2 35.7 37.1 39. 8 40. 4
Annual rate of change 3. 2 3. 2 3. 3 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 2 3. 2 3. 3 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 325 382 452 333

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 2 1 1
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — -25. 3 10. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 812 702 328 850 1 042
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 4 0. 7 0. 3 0. 6 0. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 4 514 5 374 6 084 6 692 7 285
Males (thousands) 2 248 2 651 3 004 3 312 3 615
Females (thousands) 2 266 2 723 3 080 3 380 3 670
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 34. 9 24. 8 19. 0 17. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 2 15. 1 15. 4 14. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 96. 9 55. 3 23. 0 17. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 21. 5 10. 3 3. 8 2. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 649 10 298

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,500 41.0 3.5
3,000 40.0 3.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

2,500 39.0 2.5

2,000 2.0
38.0
1,500 1.5
1,000 37.0
1.0
500 36.0
0.5
0 35.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 193

International Migration Report 2009
Italy
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 428 1 723 2 122 3 068 4 463
Males (thousands) 642 786 977 1 426 2 095
Females (thousands) 786 938 1 145 1 642 2 369
Percentage of female migrants 55. 0 54. 4 54. 0 53. 5 53. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 0 1. 2 1. 6 2. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.5 3.0 3.7 5. 2 7. 4
Annual rate of change 3. 8 4. 2 7. 4 7. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 1 5. 0 7. 3 7. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 348 463 1 024 1 508

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 12 74 6 18 32
Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 4. 3 0. 3 0. 6 0. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 4 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2
Annual rate of change 35. 7 -48. 8 20. 8 11. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 075 2 364 1 937 2 395 3 165
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 56 998 57 207 57 116 58 645 60 098
Males (thousands) 27 617 27 664 27 616 28 459 29 252
Females (thousands) 29 381 29 543 29 500 30 186 30 846
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 7 -0. 3 5. 3 4. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 3 -1. 1 -0. 8 -0. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 58. 9 42. 6 350. 0 330. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 0 0. 7 6. 1 5. 6
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 57 066 49 355

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

5,000 8.0 8.0
7.0 7.0
Rate of change

4,000
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
6.0
3,000 5.0
5.0 4.0
2,000
4.0 3.0
1,000 2.0
3.0
1.0
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

194 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Jamaica
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 21 22 25 27 30
Males (thousands) 10 11 12 14 15
Females (thousands) 11 11 12 13 15
Percentage of female migrants 51. 2 50. 7 50. 1 49. 4 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 0.9 1.0 1. 0 1. 1
Annual rate of change 1. 5 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 9 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 3 3 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 — —
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 2 — —
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change — 3. 4 — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 229 653 892 1 784 2 144
Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 4 11. 3 11. 3 18. 4 19. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 2 364 2 466 2 568 2 668 2 730
Males (thousands) 1 161 1 215 1 265 1 306 1 336
Females (thousands) 1 203 1 251 1 302 1 361 1 394
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 5 8. 1 7. 6 4. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 15. 9 13. 5 12. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -22. 6 -19. 6 -15. 2 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -9. 6 -7. 9 -5. 9 -7. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 683 3 716

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

35 3.0 2.5
30 2.5
Rate of change

2.0
Percentage
Thousands

25 2.0
20 1.5
1.5
15
1.0 1.0
10
5 0.5 0.5
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 195

International Migration Report 2009
Japan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 076 1 363 1 687 1 999 2 176
Males (thousands) 548 680 797 920 979
Females (thousands) 528 682 890 1 079 1 197
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 50. 1 52. 7 54. 0 55. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 1.1 1.3 1. 6 1. 7
Annual rate of change 4. 7 4. 3 3. 4 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 8 4. 3 3. 4 1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 315 362 361 245

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 6 4 2 2
Percentage of international migrants 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -3. 1 -7. 1 -14. 3 -1. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 151 1 374 1 080 1 577
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 123 191 125 442 126 706 127 449 126 995
Males (thousands) 60 430 61 496 61 976 62 194 61 834
Females (thousands) 62 761 63 946 64 729 65 255 65 161
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 6 2. 0 1. 2 -0. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 1. 9 1. 0 -0. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 94. 9 9. 0 16. 4 30. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 8 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2
Percentage of total population 2. 3 2. 2 2. 1 2. 0 1. 8

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 101 659 98 789

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 3.0 6.0
2.5
Rate of change

2,000 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 4.0
1,500
1.5 3.0
1,000
1.0 2.0
500 0.5 1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

196 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Jordan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 146 1 608 1 928 2 345 2 973
Males (thousands) 586 821 983 1 194 1 511
Females (thousands) 560 787 945 1 151 1 462
Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 1. 0 1. 1 1. 2 1. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 35.2 37.4 39.7 42. 1 45. 9
Annual rate of change 6. 8 3. 6 3. 9 4. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 7 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 107 44 198 405

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 929 1 289 1 571 1 946 2 527
Percentage of international migrants 81. 1 80. 2 81. 5 83. 0 85. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 5. 0 7. 0 10. 0 14. 1 15. 5
Annual rate of change 6. 5 4. 0 4. 3 5. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 499 1 441 1 845 2 500 3 434
Percentage of gross domestic product 12. 4 21. 4 21. 8 19. 8 21. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 3 254 4 304 4 853 5 566 6 472
Males (thousands) 1 696 2 250 2 511 2 863 3 317
Females (thousands) 1 558 2 054 2 342 2 703 3 155
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 9 24. 0 27. 4 30. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 7 23. 4 21. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 101. 9 -17. 2 20. 8 50. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 31. 3 -4. 0 4. 3 9. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 241 10 611

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,500 10.0
45.0
3,000
Rate of change

8.0
Percentage
Thousands

2,500 43.0
2,000 41.0 6.0
1,500
39.0 4.0
1,000
500 37.0 2.0
0 35.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 197

International Migration Report 2009
Kazakhstan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 619 3 295 2 871 2 974 3 079
Males (thousands) 1 666 1 517 1 322 1 369 1 418
Females (thousands) 1 953 1 778 1 549 1 605 1 662
Percentage of female migrants 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 3 2. 0 1. 6 1. 5 1. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 21.9 20.7 19.2 19. 6 19. 5
Annual rate of change -1. 9 -2. 8 0. 7 0. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 9 -2. 8 0. 7 0. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -197 -283 217 228

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 10 18 12 4
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 3 0. 6 0. 4 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 10. 8 -8. 5 -19. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 116 122 178 223
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 6 0. 7 0. 3 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 16 530 15 926 14 957 15 194 15 753
Males (thousands) 8 004 7 695 7 172 7 261 7 497
Females (thousands) 8 526 8 231 7 785 7 933 8 257
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -7. 4 -12. 6 3. 1 7. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 2 4. 6 5. 8 8. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -301. 8 -264. 1 -40. 0 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 3 -16. 6 -2. 7 -1. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 17 848 18 785

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4,000 22.0 1.0
3,500 21.5 0.5
Rate of change

3,000 21.0
Percentage
Thousands

0.0
2,500 20.5 -0.5
2,000 20.0 -1.0
1,500 19.5 -1.5
1,000 19.0 -2.0
500 18.5 -2.5
0 18.0 -3.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

198 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Kenya
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 163 528 755 790 818
Males (thousands) 83 266 376 388 402
Females (thousands) 80 262 379 402 416
Percentage of female migrants 49. 0 49. 6 50. 2 50. 8 50. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 1.9 2.4 2. 2 2. 0
Annual rate of change 23. 5 7. 2 0. 9 0. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 12. 8 12. 8 0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 371 249 71 62

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 13 244 215 246 269
Percentage of international migrants 8. 3 46. 1 28. 5 31. 1 32. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 1. 3 1. 4 1. 8 1. 6
Annual rate of change 57. 9 -2. 5 2. 7 1. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 139 298 538 805 1 588
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 2. 5 4. 3 4. 2 5. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 23 433 27 492 31 441 35 817 40 863
Males (thousands) 11 673 13 692 15 664 17 883 20 431
Females (thousands) 11 760 13 800 15 777 17 934 20 432
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 31. 9 26. 8 26. 1 26. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 26. 9 25. 9 27. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 44. 3 -4. 3 5. 0 -37. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 9 -0. 2 0. 2 -1. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 85 410 85 932

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 3.0 25.0
2.5
Rate of change

800 20.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
600 15.0
1.5
400 10.0
1.0
200 0.5 5.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 199

International Migration Report 2009
Kiribati
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 7 48. 7 48. 8 48. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 2.6 2.4 2. 2 2. 0
Annual rate of change -1. 3 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 3 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 7 7 7 7
Percentage of gross domestic product 19. 5 18. 3 15. 0 11. 4 9. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 72 77 84 92 100
Males (thousands) 35 38 41 45 49
Females (thousands) 37 39 43 47 50
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 5 16. 8 18. 1 15. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 0 24. 2 20. 1 17. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 9 -0. 6 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 9 -7. 7 -2. 0 -2. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 151 162

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2 4.0 0.0
2 3.5 -0.2
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

2 3.0 -0.4
2 -0.6
2.5
2 -0.8
2 2.0
-1.0
2 1.5
-1.2
2 1.0 -1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

200 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Kuwait
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 585 1 090 1 500 1 870 2 098
Males (thousands) 966 748 1 013 1 309 1 468
Females (thousands) 619 341 487 561 630
Percentage of female migrants 39. 0 31. 3 32. 5 30. 0 30. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 0 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 74.0 63.2 67.3 69. 2 68. 8
Annual rate of change -7. 5 6. 4 4. 4 2. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -7. 8 6. 7 4. 4 1. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -479 420 382 246

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 17 4 2 38
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 1. 5 0. 2 0. 1 1. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2
Annual rate of change 101. 3 -30. 9 -17. 0 64. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 2 143 1 725 2 228 2 700 3 051
Males (thousands) 1 218 1 037 1 355 1 629 1 811
Females (thousands) 925 688 874 1 071 1 239
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -43. 4 51. 2 38. 4 24. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 6 18. 8 16. 8 16. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -119. 6 63. 5 52. 9 24. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -55. 8 36. 8 23. 7 8. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 240 3 955

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 74.0 8.0
72.0 6.0
Rate of change

2,000 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

70.0 2.0
1,500
68.0 0.0
1,000 -2.0
66.0 -4.0
500 64.0 -6.0
-8.0
0 62.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 201

International Migration Report 2009
Kyrgyzstan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 623 482 373 288 223
Males (thousands) 260 201 156 120 93
Females (thousands) 363 280 217 168 130
Percentage of female migrants 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2 58. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 14.2 10.5 7.5 5. 5 4. 0
Annual rate of change -5. 1 -5. 1 -5. 1 -5. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 9 -5. 0 -4. 8 -5. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -123 -95 -74 -58

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 17 11 3 1
Percentage of international migrants — 3. 6 2. 9 1. 1 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -9. 6 -24. 3 -29. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 9 322 715
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 7 13. 1 19. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 4 395 4 592 4 955 5 221 5 550
Males (thousands) 2 149 2 260 2 443 2 575 2 739
Females (thousands) 2 245 2 333 2 512 2 646 2 811
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 8 15. 2 10. 5 12. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 9 16. 3 13. 4 15. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -54. 6 -5. 4 -15. 0 -15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -12. 4 -1. 2 -3. 0 -2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 882 7 654

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 15.0 0.0
600 13.0 -1.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

500 11.0 -2.0

400 -3.0
9.0
300 -4.0
200 7.0
-5.0
100 5.0
-6.0
0 3.0 -7.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

202 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 23 23 22 20 19
Males (thousands) 12 12 11 11 10
Females (thousands) 11 11 10 10 9
Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 48. 3 48. 2 48. 1 48. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.4 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 0. 5 -1. 5 -1. 4 -1. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 -1. 5 -1. 4 -1. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 -1 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 11 22 1 1 1
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 1. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 4 207 4 809 5 403 5 880 6 436
Males (thousands) 2 104 2 402 2 702 2 928 3 213
Females (thousands) 2 103 2 406 2 701 2 952 3 223
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 3 16. 9 18. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 26. 7 21. 0 20. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 0 -17. 5 -23. 0 -15. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -3. 6 -4. 3 -2. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 744 11 656

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

25 3.0 1.0
2.5
Rate of change

20 0.5
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 0.0
15
1.5 -0.5
10
1.0 -1.0
5 0.5 -1.5
0 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 203

International Migration Report 2009
Latvia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 646 527 430 380 335
Males (thousands) 291 228 178 156 136
Females (thousands) 355 300 253 224 199
Percentage of female migrants 55. 0 56. 8 58. 7 59. 0 59. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.3 21.2 18.1 16. 6 15. 0
Annual rate of change -4. 1 -4. 1 -2. 5 -2. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 1 -4. 1 -2. 5 -2. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -85 -69 -28 -25

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 9. 0 16. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 72 381 552
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 9 2. 4 2. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 2 663 2 492 2 374 2 292 2 240
Males (thousands) 1 239 1 150 1 091 1 054 1 033
Females (thousands) 1 425 1 342 1 283 1 238 1 207
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -13. 3 -9. 7 -7. 0 -4. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 9 -6. 4 -5. 3 -3. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -26. 8 -8. 0 -3. 9 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 0 -3. 2 -1. 7 -0. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 854 1 883

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 0.0
24.0
600
Rate of change

-1.0
Percentage
Thousands

500 22.0
400 20.0 -2.0
300
18.0 -3.0
200
100 16.0 -4.0
0 14.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

204 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Lebanon
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 524 656 693 721 758
Males (thousands) 268 335 353 367 385
Females (thousands) 256 321 340 354 373
Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.6 18.8 18.4 17. 7 17. 8
Annual rate of change 4. 5 1. 1 0. 8 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 9 0. 3 0. 4 -1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 94 15 12 19

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 305 348 380 402 463
Percentage of international migrants 58. 3 53. 0 54. 8 55. 8 61. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 7 1. 9 2. 4 2. 9 2. 8
Annual rate of change 2. 6 1. 8 1. 2 2. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 818 1 225 1 582 4 924 5 769
Percentage of gross domestic product 64. 7 11. 2 9. 5 22. 8 23. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 2 974 3 491 3 772 4 082 4 255
Males (thousands) 1 449 1 719 1 848 2 000 2 083
Females (thousands) 1 525 1 772 1 924 2 082 2 172
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 0 15. 5 15. 8 8. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 15. 5 10. 7 8. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 46. 0 — 20. 0 -2. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 15. 5 — 5. 3 -0. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 033 5 233

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 20.0 8.0
700 19.5
Rate of change

600 6.0
Percentage
Thousands

500 19.0
4.0
400 18.5
300 18.0 2.0
200
17.5 0.0
100
0 17.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 205

International Migration Report 2009
Lesotho
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 8 6 6 6 6
Males (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3
Females (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3
Percentage of female migrants 47. 6 46. 2 45. 9 45. 7 45. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.3 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change -6. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 0 0 — —
Percentage of international migrants 27. 1 0. 5 0. 0 — —
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change -86. 9 -67. 3 — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 428 411 252 327 443
Percentage of gross domestic product 69. 2 44. 2 29. 5 22. 9 27. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 1 602 1 726 1 889 1 995 2 084
Males (thousands) 743 805 883 937 985
Females (thousands) 859 921 1 005 1 058 1 099
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 8 18. 0 11. 0 8. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 9 22. 0 14. 7 12. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -16. 8 -7. 2 -7. 2 -7. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -10. 5 -4. 2 -3. 8 -3. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 491 2 807

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10 3.0 1.0
2.5 0.0
Rate of change

8
Percentage
Thousands

-1.0
2.0
6 -2.0
1.5 -3.0
4
1.0 -4.0
2 -5.0
0.5
-6.0
0 0.0 -7.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

206 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Liberia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 81 199 160 97 96
Males (thousands) 44 109 88 53 53
Females (thousands) 36 90 72 44 43
Percentage of female migrants 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1 45. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 10.2 5.7 2. 9 2. 3
Annual rate of change 18. 0 -4. 4 -10. 0 -0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 5 -0. 5 1. 8 -0. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 123 -29 -56 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 120 83 13 13
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 60. 4 51. 9 13. 1 13. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 6 0. 5 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 137. 4 -7. 4 -37. 5 1. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 33 65
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 6. 1 8. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 2 167 1 945 2 824 3 334 4 102
Males (thousands) 1 069 961 1 398 1 654 2 039
Females (thousands) 1 098 984 1 426 1 680 2 063
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -21. 6 74. 6 33. 2 41. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 2 29. 6 29. 1 28. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -104. 5 105. 4 12. 5 49. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -48. 2 54. 2 4. 4 14. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 841 9 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250 20.0
10.0
15.0
Rate of change

200
Percentage
Thousands

8.0 10.0
150
5.0
100 6.0 0.0
4.0 -5.0
50
-10.0
0 2.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 207

International Migration Report 2009
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 457 506 559 618 682
Males (thousands) 295 326 360 398 440
Females (thousands) 162 179 198 219 242
Percentage of female migrants 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5 35. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.5 10.5 10.5 10. 4 10. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 7 2. 0 2. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 56 61 68 75

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 3 11 12 3
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 6 2. 0 2. 0 0. 5
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 26. 1 1. 9 -25. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 9 15 16
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 4 365 4 834 5 346 5 923 6 546
Males (thousands) 2 302 2 534 2 787 3 072 3 381
Females (thousands) 2 063 2 300 2 559 2 850 3 165
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 4 20. 1 20. 5 20. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 0 19. 7 20. 0 19. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 0 2. 0 2. 8 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 5 0. 4 0. 5 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 9 819 9 598

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 13.0 2.5
700 12.5
Rate of change

600 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

500 12.0
1.5
400 11.5
300 11.0 1.0
200
10.5 0.5
100
0 10.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

208 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Liechtenstein
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 11 12 11 12 13
Males (thousands) 6 6 6 6 6
Females (thousands) 5 6 6 6 6
Percentage of female migrants 45. 4 48. 3 49. 3 48. 8 48. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 37.6 38.5 34.1 34. 2 34. 6
Annual rate of change 1. 8 -1. 2 1. 2 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 -1. 3 1. 0 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 -0 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 3 1. 3 2. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 29. 1 12. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 29 31 33 35 36
Males (thousands) 14 15 16 17 18
Females (thousands) 15 16 17 18 18
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 0 12. 0 11. 0 8. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 3 5. 0 4. 1 2. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 7. 0 7. 2 7. 1 5. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 45 34

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

13 39.0 2.0
13 38.0 1.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

12 37.0 1.0
0.5
12 36.0
0.0
11 35.0
-0.5
11 34.0
-1.0
10 33.0 -1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 209

International Migration Report 2009
Lithuania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 349 272 212 165 129
Males (thousands) 152 118 92 72 56
Females (thousands) 198 154 120 94 73
Percentage of female migrants 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6 56. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.4 7.5 6.1 4. 8 4. 0
Annual rate of change -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -62 -48 -38 -29

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 1 1
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 3 0. 5
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 46. 1 3. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 50 534 1 433
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 4 2. 1 3. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 3 698 3 630 3 501 3 416 3 255
Males (thousands) 1 749 1 710 1 638 1 593 1 525
Females (thousands) 1 949 1 920 1 863 1 823 1 731
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -3. 7 -7. 3 -4. 9 -9. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 7 -1. 3 -2. 8 -3. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -19. 8 -21. 1 -7. 2 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 3 -5. 8 -2. 0 -5. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 579 2 717

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

400 10.0 -4.9
350 9.0
Rate of change

-5.0
300
Percentage
Thousands

8.0
250 -5.0
7.0
200 -5.0
6.0
150
5.0 -5.0
100
50 4.0 -5.0
0 3.0 -5.1
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

210 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Luxembourg
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 114 127 141 156 173
Males (thousands) 56 63 70 78 86
Females (thousands) 58 64 71 79 87
Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 50. 6 50. 5 50. 3 50. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 29.8 31.1 32.2 33. 7 35. 2
Annual rate of change 2. 2 2. 1 2. 1 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 17 18 20 22

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 1 1 2 2
Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 1. 1 1. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 7. 5 7. 6 17. 0 7. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 579 1 269 1 565
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 2. 9 3. 4 3. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 382 409 437 464 492
Males (thousands) 187 200 215 230 244
Females (thousands) 195 208 222 235 248
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 5 13. 4 12. 0 11. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 3. 8 3. 1 3. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 2 4. 1 4. 0 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 11. 0 10. 0 9. 3 8. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 733 492

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

200 36.0 2.3
35.0 2.2
Rate of change

150 2.2
Percentage
Thousands

34.0
2.1
33.0 2.1
100
32.0 2.0
31.0 2.0
50
1.9
30.0
1.9
0 29.0 1.8
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 211

International Migration Report 2009
Madagascar
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 46 44 42 40 38
Males (thousands) 25 24 22 21 20
Females (thousands) 21 20 19 18 17
Percentage of female migrants 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1 46. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.4 0.3 0.3 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -0 -0 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 — —
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 — —
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change — 1. 1 — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 8 14 11 11 11
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 11 273 13 121 15 275 17 614 20 146
Males (thousands) 5 644 6 554 7 616 8 773 10 031
Females (thousands) 5 629 6 567 7 660 8 841 10 116
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 4 28. 5 26. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 4 30. 4 28. 5 26. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 4 -1. 2 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 42 693 42 751

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 2.0 -1.0
1.5
Rate of change

40 -1.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.0 -1.0
30
0.5 -1.0
20
0.0 -1.0
10 -0.5 -1.0
0 -1.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

212 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Malawi
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 157 325 280 279 276
Males (thousands) 561 158 136 135 133
Females (thousands) 595 168 144 144 142
Percentage of female migrants 51. 5 51. 5 51. 6 51. 6 51. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 12.2 3.2 2.4 2. 0 1. 8
Annual rate of change -25. 4 -3. 0 -0. 1 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -763 -28 14 10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 875 46 3 4 3
Percentage of international migrants 75. 6 14. 0 1. 0 1. 4 1. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 4. 7 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -59. 1 -55. 8 6. 9 -2. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 1 1 1
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 9 451 10 144 11 831 13 654 15 692
Males (thousands) 4 645 5 011 5 859 6 771 7 802
Females (thousands) 4 806 5 133 5 972 6 883 7 890
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 1 30. 8 28. 7 27. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 9 32. 3 29. 1 28. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -184. 0 -17. 0 -6. 0 -4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -19. 5 -1. 7 -0. 5 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 36 575 36 795

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 13.0 0.0
1,200 11.0
Rate of change

-5.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 9.0 -10.0

800
7.0 -15.0
600
400 5.0 -20.0
200 3.0 -25.0
0 1.0 -30.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 213

International Migration Report 2009
Malaysia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 014 1 193 1 554 2 029 2 358
Males (thousands) 561 661 858 1 116 1 292
Females (thousands) 453 532 696 913 1 065
Percentage of female migrants 44. 7 44. 6 44. 8 45. 0 45. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 9 1. 0 1. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.6 5.8 6.7 7. 9 8. 4
Annual rate of change 3. 2 5. 3 5. 3 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 4 4. 7 5. 7 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 198 382 502 363

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 63 5 51 29 35
Percentage of international migrants 6. 2 0. 4 3. 3 1. 4 1. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 0 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change -49. 4 45. 1 -10. 9 3. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 325 716 981 1 281 1 803
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 0. 8 1. 0 0. 9 1. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 18 103 20 594 23 274 25 633 27 914
Males (thousands) 9 185 10 462 11 836 13 026 14 170
Females (thousands) 8 919 10 132 11 437 12 607 13 744
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 8 24. 5 19. 3 17. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 8 19. 9 18. 1 16. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 57. 4 99. 6 30. 0 26. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 2 4. 8 1. 3 1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 39 664 38 925

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 9.0 6.0
8.5
Rate of change

2,000 5.0
8.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,500 7.5 4.0

7.0 3.0
1,000 6.5
2.0
6.0
500
5.5 1.0
0 5.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

214 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Maldives
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 2
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 45. 2 45. 0 44. 8 44. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.2 1.1 1. 1 1. 0
Annual rate of change 1. 6 1. 1 0. 8 0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 1 0. 8 0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 2 2 2 3
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 9 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 216 248 272 292 314
Males (thousands) 110 126 138 148 158
Females (thousands) 105 121 134 144 155
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 9 18. 8 14. 3 14. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 9 18. 8 14. 3 14. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 455 455

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4 3.0 2.0
3 2.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

3 1.5
2.0
2
1.5 1.0
2
1 1.0
0.5
1 0.5
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 215

International Migration Report 2009
Mali
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 165 174 164 165 163
Males (thousands) 85 90 85 86 85
Females (thousands) 80 84 79 79 77
Percentage of female migrants 48. 5 48. 3 48. 0 47. 8 47. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.9 1.8 1.6 1. 4 1. 2
Annual rate of change 1. 0 -1. 2 0. 2 -0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 21 2 12 7

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 17 8 11 10
Percentage of international migrants 4. 1 9. 7 5. 1 6. 8 6. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 18. 4 -14. 0 5. 9 -2. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 107 112 73 177 344
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 3 4. 1 2. 7 3. 2 5. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 8 655 9 549 10 523 11 833 13 323
Males (thousands) 4 298 4 727 5 196 5 841 6 580
Females (thousands) 4 357 4 822 5 326 5 992 6 743
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 7 19. 4 23. 5 23. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 25. 1 25. 8 26. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -52. 0 -56. 8 -26. 8 -40. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 0 -5. 9 -2. 6 -3. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 28 260 30 487

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

175 4.0 1.5
3.5
Rate of change

1.0
170
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 0.5
165 2.5 0.0
2.0 -0.5
160
1.5 -1.0
155 1.0 -1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

216 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Malta
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 7 9 12 15
Males (thousands) 3 3 4 6 7
Females (thousands) 3 4 5 6 8
Percentage of female migrants 56. 6 57. 2 55. 3 51. 6 51. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.6 1.9 2.3 2. 9 3. 8
Annual rate of change 4. 1 4. 6 5. 3 5. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 9 5. 3 2. 6 5. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 3 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 2 3
Percentage of international migrants — 6. 0 2. 6 15. 0 17. 5
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -12. 1 40. 5 8. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 58 20 14 34 43
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 0. 6 0. 4 0. 6 0. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 360 378 389 403 410
Males (thousands) 178 187 193 200 204
Females (thousands) 182 191 196 203 206
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 6 5. 8 6. 9 3. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 5 2. 4 1. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 1 0. 5 1. 8 1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 9 1. 3 4. 6 2. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 413 361

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

20 4.0 6.0
3.5
Rate of change

5.0
15
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 4.0
10 2.5 3.0
2.0 2.0
5
1.5 1.0
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 217

International Migration Report 2009
Marshall Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0 41. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.3 3.1 3.1 2. 9 2. 7
Annual rate of change 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 47 51 52 57 63
Males (thousands) 24 26 27 29 32
Females (thousands) 23 25 25 28 31
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 15. 1 4. 4 16. 8 22. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 8 35. 9 34. 2 30. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 1 -1. 6 -0. 9 -0. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 5 -31. 9 -18. 1 -8. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 92 126

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2 5.0 0.5
2 4.5 0.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

0.5
2 4.0
0.5
2 3.5 0.5
2 3.0 0.5
0.5
2 2.5
0.5
1 2.0 0.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

218 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Martinique
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 39 46 54 65 71
Males (thousands) 19 22 25 30 33
Females (thousands) 20 24 29 35 39
Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 52. 0 53. 3 53. 8 54. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 10.8 12.4 14.2 16. 2 17. 6
Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 10 12 9

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 359 370 385 398 406
Males (thousands) 173 177 182 186 190
Females (thousands) 186 193 203 212 216
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 0 8. 0 6. 7 3. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 6 8. 2 7. 1 4. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 3 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -0. 2 -0. 4 -1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 393 428

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 18.0 4.0
70 17.0 3.5
Rate of change

60 16.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
50 15.0 2.5
40 14.0 2.0
30 13.0 1.5
20 12.0 1.0
10 11.0 0.5
0 10.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 219

International Migration Report 2009
Mauritania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 94 118 63 66 99
Males (thousands) 55 68 36 38 57
Females (thousands) 39 49 26 28 42
Percentage of female migrants 41. 8 41. 9 42. 0 42. 1 42. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.7 5.2 2.4 2. 2 2. 9
Annual rate of change 4. 5 -12. 6 1. 1 8. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 28 -50 6 36

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 38 58 0 1 30
Percentage of international migrants 39. 9 49. 6 0. 5 0. 8 30. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 2
Annual rate of change 8. 8 -106. 3 13. 1 80. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 14 5 2 2 2
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 3 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 1 988 2 270 2 604 2 985 3 366
Males (thousands) 999 1 142 1 314 1 511 1 707
Females (thousands) 989 1 128 1 289 1 474 1 659
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 27. 5 27. 3 24. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 8 26. 6 25. 2 23. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 9 2. 0 6. 0 2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 5 0. 9 2. 3 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 061 6 281

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140 6.0 10.0
120 5.5
Rate of change

5.0 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

100
4.5 0.0
80
4.0
60
3.5 -5.0
40 3.0
20 -10.0
2.5
0 2.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

220 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Mauritius
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 18 39 41 43
Males (thousands) 4 8 14 15 16
Females (thousands) 4 10 25 26 27
Percentage of female migrants 50. 9 56. 8 63. 3 63. 3 63. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 1.6 3.3 3. 3 3. 3
Annual rate of change 14. 9 14. 9 1. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 9 14. 9 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 21 3 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 — —
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 1 — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 132 177 215 215
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 3. 3 3. 9 3. 4 2. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 1 056 1 129 1 195 1 252 1 297
Males (thousands) 527 563 594 622 642
Females (thousands) 529 566 600 631 655
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 2 11. 4 9. 4 6. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 14. 5 11. 8 9. 4 6. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 4 -0. 4 — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 3 -0. 4 — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 426 1 426

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 4.0 16.0
3.5 14.0
Rate of change

40
3.0
Percentage
Thousands

12.0
30 2.5 10.0
2.0 8.0
20 1.5 6.0
1.0 4.0
10
0.5 2.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 221

International Migration Report 2009
Mayotte
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 15 27 40 57 72
Males (thousands) 9 14 20 29 36
Females (thousands) 6 13 20 28 36
Percentage of female migrants 42. 6 47. 0 49. 4 49. 7 49. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.1 22.1 27.0 32. 7 36. 0
Annual rate of change 11. 9 8. 0 7. 0 4. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 11. 9 8. 0 7. 0 4. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 12 14 17 15

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 82 .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 92 122 149 174 199
Males (thousands) 47 62 75 88 100
Females (thousands) 45 60 74 87 99
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 4 39. 7 32. 1 26. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 4 34. 2 27. 6 22. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 0 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 21. 7 5. 9 4. 9 4. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 386 346

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 14.0
70 35.0
12.0
Rate of change

60
Percentage
Thousands

30.0 10.0
50
8.0
40 25.0
30 6.0
20 20.0 4.0
10 2.0
0 15.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

222 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Mexico
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 701 458 521 605 726
Males (thousands) 353 231 263 306 367
Females (thousands) 348 227 258 299 358
Percentage of female migrants 49. 6 49. 5 49. 5 49. 4 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.5 0.5 0. 6 0. 7
Annual rate of change -8. 5 2. 6 3. 0 3. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -230 71 93 132

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 356 43 21 4 2
Percentage of international migrants 50. 8 9. 4 4. 1 0. 6 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 9 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -42. 3 -13. 9 -34. 7 -8. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 098 4 368 7 525 23 062 27 136
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 2 1. 5 1. 3 3. 0 3. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 83 404 91 650 99 531 105 330 110 645
Males (thousands) 41 349 45 396 49 283 51 976 54 466
Females (thousands) 42 055 46 253 50 247 53 354 56 179
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 9 16. 5 11. 3 9. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 0 18. 9 16. 6 14. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -272. 9 -235. 3 -540. 4 -486. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -2. 6 -5. 4 -4. 6
Percentage of total population 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6 1. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 128 964 148 414

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

800 3.0 6.0
700 2.5 4.0
Rate of change

600
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
500 2.0
0.0
400 1.5 -2.0
300 1.0 -4.0
200 -6.0
100 0.5
-8.0
0 0.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 223

International Migration Report 2009
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 3 3 3 3
Males (thousands) 2 2 2 2 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 35. 9 36. 2 45. 3 46. 4 46. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 3.1 2.9 2. 6 2. 4
Annual rate of change -2. 0 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 96 107 107 109 111
Males (thousands) 49 55 54 56 57
Females (thousands) 47 52 53 54 54
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 21. 5 -0. 2 4. 3 3. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 8 25. 2 22. 2 19. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 4 -2. 7 -1. 9 -1. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 6 -25. 4 -18. 1 -16. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 128 186

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4 5.0 0.0
4 4.5
Rate of change

3 -0.5
Percentage
Thousands

3 4.0
-1.0
2 3.5
2 3.0 -1.5
1
2.5 -2.0
1
0 2.0 -2.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

224 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Monaco
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 20 21 22 23 24
Males (thousands) 9 10 10 11 12
Females (thousands) 11 11 11 12 12
Percentage of female migrants 53. 4 52. 7 52. 0 51. 3 50. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 68.6 68.2 68.0 69. 8 71. 6
Annual rate of change 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 29 31 32 32 33
Males (thousands) 14 15 16 16 16
Females (thousands) 15 16 16 17 17
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 3 8. 9 2. 8 2. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -3. 3 -2. 6 -0. 2 0. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 4 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 12. 9 11. 7 3. 0 2. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 38 28

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

24 72.0 0.8
23 0.8
Rate of change

71.0
Percentage
Thousands

22 0.8
70.0
0.8
21
69.0 0.8
20
0.8
19 68.0
0.8
18 67.0 0.8
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 225

International Migration Report 2009
Mongolia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 7 7 8 9 10
Males (thousands) 3 4 4 4 5
Females (thousands) 3 4 4 5 5
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 50. 7 53. 2 54. 0 54. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 4 0. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 12 180 194
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 1. 1 7. 8 5. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 2 216 2 270 2 389 2 550 2 701
Males (thousands) 1 106 1 135 1 184 1 262 1 336
Females (thousands) 1 110 1 135 1 205 1 287 1 366
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 8 10. 3 13. 0 11. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 2 14. 5 11. 6 12. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -34. 6 -9. 9 3. 4 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -15. 6 -4. 4 1. 4 -0. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 446 3 534

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12 3.0 2.0
10 2.5
Rate of change

2.0
Percentage
Thousands

8 2.0
2.0
6 1.5
4 1.0 2.0

2 0.5 2.0
0 0.0 2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

226 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Montenegro
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) .. .. .. 55 43
Males (thousands) .. .. .. 21 16
Females (thousands) .. .. .. 33 26
Percentage of female migrants .. .. .. 60. 9 61. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock .. .. .. 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population .. .. .. 8. 7 6. 8
Annual rate of change .. .. .. -5. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees .. .. .. -9. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) .. .. .. -10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) .. .. .. 0 8
Percentage of international migrants .. .. .. 0. 0 18. 2
Percentage of total refugee population .. .. .. — 0. 0
Annual rate of change .. .. .. 143. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) .. .. .. 625 626
Males (thousands) .. .. .. 308 308
Females (thousands) .. .. .. 317 318
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population .. .. .. 0. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 2 6. 8 4. 8 1. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 3. 0 3. 0 -10. 3 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population .. .. .. -1. 6
Percentage of total population .. .. .. 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 618 625

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 9.0 0.0
50 8.5
Rate of change

-2.0
Percentage
Thousands

40 8.0
-4.0
30 7.5
20 7.0 -6.0

10 6.5 -8.0
0 6.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 227

International Migration Report 2009
Montserrat
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 2 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 1 1 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 1 1 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 48. 9 47. 8 46. 7 46. 4 46. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 18.8 17.8 3.7 2. 0 1. 8
Annual rate of change -2. 0 -46. 1 -10. 1 -0. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -46. 1 -10. 1 -0. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -2 -0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 11 10 5 6 6
Males (thousands) 5 5 2 3 3
Females (thousands) 5 5 2 3 3
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -9. 5 -144. 9 25. 4 11. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 2 15. 0 14. 1 11. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 3 -1. 2 0. 1 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -26. 1 -114. 2 12. 0 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 7 7

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3 0.0
16.0
Rate of change

2 -10.0
Percentage
Thousands

2 11.0 -20.0
1 -30.0
6.0
1 -40.0
0 1.0 -50.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

228 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Morocco
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 58 55 53 51 49
Males (thousands) 29 28 27 26 25
Females (thousands) 29 28 27 25 24
Percentage of female migrants 50. 4 50. 3 50. 1 49. 9 49. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.2 0.2 0.2 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 8 -1. 3 -0. 7 -0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 2 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 0. 5 0. 4 2. 8 2. 3 1. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -9. 0 40. 7 -5. 0 -11. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 006 1 970 2 161 4 590 6 730
Percentage of gross domestic product 7. 0 5. 3 5. 8 7. 8 9. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 24 808 26 951 28 827 30 495 32 381
Males (thousands) 12 371 13 397 14 257 15 008 15 897
Females (thousands) 12 436 13 553 14 570 15 487 16 484
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 6 13. 5 11. 2 12. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 0 17. 0 15. 0 14. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -90. 0 -100. 0 -110. 0 -85. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 6 -3. 7 -3. 8 -2. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 42 583 45 545

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 2.0 0.0
58 1.5 -0.2
Rate of change

56
Percentage
Thousands

1.0 -0.4
54
-0.6
52 0.5
50 -0.8
0.0
48 -1.0
46 -0.5
-1.2
44 -1.0 -1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 229

International Migration Report 2009
Mozambique
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 122 246 366 406 450
Males (thousands) 58 118 175 194 216
Females (thousands) 64 128 191 212 234
Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 52. 2 52. 1 52. 1 52. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.9 1.5 2.0 1. 9 1. 9
Annual rate of change 14. 0 8. 0 2. 1 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 14. 1 8. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 133 136 62 68

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 1 3
Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 0. 3 0. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -12. 0 -1. 0 35. 9 14. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 70 59 37 57 99
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 2. 3 0. 9 0. 9 1. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 13 543 15 945 18 249 20 834 23 406
Males (thousands) 6 473 7 608 8 768 10 076 11 399
Females (thousands) 7 070 8 337 9 482 10 758 12 006
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 7 27. 0 26. 5 23. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 8 26. 1 26. 7 23. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 130. 0 15. 0 -4. 0 -4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 6 0. 9 -0. 2 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 44 148 44 313

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 3.0 16.0
2.5 14.0
Rate of change

400
Percentage
Thousands

12.0
2.0
300 10.0
1.5 8.0
200
1.0 6.0
100 4.0
0.5
2.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

230 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Myanmar
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 134 114 98 93 89
Males (thousands) 72 61 52 49 46
Females (thousands) 61 52 46 44 43
Percentage of female migrants 45. 9 45. 9 46. 8 47. 7 48. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.2 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change -3. 2 -3. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 -3. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -15 -11 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 6 81 104 131 125
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 1. 0 1. 4 1. 1 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 40 844 43 864 46 610 48 345 50 496
Males (thousands) 20 167 21 646 23 000 23 687 24 657
Females (thousands) 20 677 22 218 23 610 24 659 25 839
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 14. 3 12. 1 7. 3 8. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 14. 9 12. 1 11. 5 10. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -25. 2 0. 8 -200. 0 -100. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 6 0. 0 -4. 3 -2. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 63 373 63 898

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 2.0 0.0
140 1.5 -0.5
Rate of change

120
Percentage
Thousands

1.0 -1.0
100
-1.5
80 0.5
60 -2.0
0.0
40 -2.5
20 -0.5
-3.0
0 -1.0 -3.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 231

International Migration Report 2009
Namibia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 112 118 125 132 139
Males (thousands) 60 63 66 69 73
Females (thousands) 52 55 59 62 66
Percentage of female migrants 46. 6 46. 9 47. 1 47. 3 47. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.9 7.3 6.8 6. 6 6. 3
Annual rate of change 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 -1. 7 2. 5 1. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 10 12 11

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 17 10 6
Percentage of international migrants — 1. 2 14. 0 7. 6 4. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 50. 3 -11. 0 -10. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 13 16 9 18 16
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 1 417 1 620 1 824 2 009 2 212
Males (thousands) 692 792 893 988 1 091
Females (thousands) 725 828 931 1 021 1 121
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 8 23. 7 19. 3 19. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 24. 4 19. 4 19. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 7 -1. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 9 -0. 8 -0. 1 -0. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 588 3 545

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

160 9.0 3.0
140 8.5
Rate of change

120 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

100 8.0
1.0
80 7.5
60 7.0 0.0
40
6.5 -1.0
20
0 6.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

232 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Nauru
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 4 5 5 5
Males (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3
Females (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2
Percentage of female migrants 44. 0 44. 5 45. 0 45. 0 45. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 42.9 42.5 45.4 48. 7 51. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 9 10 10 10 10
Males (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5
Females (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 1. 5 1. 4 2. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 7 14. 6 13. 4 11. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 0 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 -13. 2 -12. 0 -9. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 11 13

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6 52.0 1.5
5 1.5
Rate of change

50.0
Percentage
Thousands

4 1.5
48.0
1.5
3
46.0 1.5
2
1.5
1 44.0
1.5
0 42.0 1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 233

International Migration Report 2009
Nepal
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 431 625 718 819 946
Males (thousands) 122 181 215 253 301
Females (thousands) 308 444 503 566 645
Percentage of female migrants 71. 6 71. 1 70. 1 69. 1 68. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.3 2.9 2.9 3. 0 3. 2
Annual rate of change 7. 4 2. 8 2. 6 2. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 8 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 213 115 121 147

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 17 124 129 126 131
Percentage of international migrants 4. 0 19. 8 17. 9 15. 4 13. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 0. 8
Annual rate of change 39. 4 0. 7 -0. 5 0. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 57 111 1 212 1 734
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 2 1. 8 13. 4 14. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 19 105 21 624 24 432 27 222 29 853
Males (thousands) 9 714 10 832 12 193 13 535 14 824
Females (thousands) 9 390 10 792 12 239 13 687 15 028
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 8 24. 4 21. 6 18. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 7 25. 2 22. 4 19. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 2 -19. 8 -20. 0 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -0. 9 -0. 8 -0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 49 028 49 516

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 5.0 8.0
4.5 7.0
Rate of change

800
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
4.0
600 5.0
3.5 4.0
400
3.0 3.0
200 2.0
2.5
1.0
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

234 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Netherlands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 192 1 387 1 585 1 735 1 753
Males (thousands) 596 687 780 841 839
Females (thousands) 596 700 806 895 913
Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 50. 5 50. 8 51. 6 52. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 9.0 10.0 10. 6 10. 5
Annual rate of change 3. 0 2. 7 1. 8 0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 3 1. 8 2. 2 0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 234 244 201 71

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 17 71 142 122 94
Percentage of international migrants 1. 4 5. 1 9. 0 7. 1 5. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 4 0. 9 0. 9 0. 6
Annual rate of change 28. 4 13. 9 -3. 0 -5. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 709 1 359 1 157 2 197 2 548
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 14 953 15 448 15 915 16 316 16 653
Males (thousands) 7 391 7 640 7 873 8 070 8 259
Females (thousands) 7 562 7 809 8 042 8 246 8 394
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 5 5. 9 5. 0 4. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 0 3. 6 3. 6 2. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 38. 2 36. 9 21. 9 20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 6 2. 4 1. 4 1. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 17 399 16 180

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 11.0 3.5
10.5 3.0
Rate of change

1,500 10.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.5
9.5
2.0
1,000 9.0
8.5 1.5
500 8.0 1.0
7.5 0.5
0 7.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 235

International Migration Report 2009
Netherlands Antilles
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 38 44 46 47 53
Males (thousands) 17 20 20 20 23
Females (thousands) 21 24 26 26 30
Percentage of female migrants 55. 1 55. 2 55. 7 56. 3 56. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.1 23.1 25.5 25. 0 26. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 7 0. 9 0. 2 2. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 7 0. 9 0. 2 2. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 3 2 8

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 11 12 8 32
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 191 191 181 186 201
Males (thousands) 91 91 85 87 93
Females (thousands) 99 100 95 100 108
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 0 -10. 8 6. 3 14. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 3 9. 4 7. 5 6. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 5 -3. 7 -0. 2 1. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -13. 3 -19. 6 -1. 2 9. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 192 205

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 27.0 3.0
50 26.0
Rate of change

2.5
25.0
Percentage
Thousands

40 24.0 2.0
30 23.0 1.5
20 22.0
1.0
21.0
10 20.0 0.5
0 19.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

236 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
New Caledonia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 38 45 50 54 60
Males (thousands) 21 25 27 29 32
Females (thousands) 17 20 23 25 28
Percentage of female migrants 44. 6 45. 0 45. 8 46. 6 46. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 22.0 23.1 23.1 23. 2 23. 6
Annual rate of change 3. 4 2. 1 1. 9 1. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 2. 1 1. 9 1. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 8 6 6 6

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 512 586
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 8. 2 7. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 171 193 215 235 254
Males (thousands) 87 99 109 118 127
Females (thousands) 84 94 106 116 127
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 2 21. 7 17. 5 15. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 4 16. 2 13. 2 11. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0 1. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 2 5. 8 4. 5 4. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 362 317

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

70 24.0 4.0
60 23.5 3.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

50 3.0
23.0
40 2.5
22.5 2.0
30
22.0 1.5
20
1.0
10 21.5
0.5
0 21.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 237

International Migration Report 2009
New Zealand
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 523 594 685 858 962
Males (thousands) 261 292 333 412 458
Females (thousands) 262 302 352 445 504
Percentage of female migrants 50. 1 50. 9 51. 4 51. 9 52. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 15.5 16.1 17.7 20. 9 22. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 8 4. 5 2. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 6 2. 8 4. 5 2. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 86 107 190 127

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 5 4 5 5 4
Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 0. 6 0. 7 0. 6 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -4. 6 5. 4 1. 8 -6. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 762 1 858 452 739 650
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 7 3. 0 0. 9 0. 7 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 3 386 3 685 3 868 4 111 4 303
Males (thousands) 1 671 1 819 1 902 2 027 2 126
Females (thousands) 1 714 1 866 1 966 2 084 2 177
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 0 9. 7 12. 2 9. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 9 7. 4 7. 0 6. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 28. 5 8. 5 20. 5 10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 4 2. 3 5. 3 2. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 349 4 800

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 23.0 5.0
1,000 22.0
Rate of change

21.0 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

800 20.0 3.0

600 19.0
400 18.0 2.0
17.0
200 1.0
16.0
0 15.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

238 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Nicaragua
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 41 27 31 35 40
Males (thousands) 21 13 15 18 21
Females (thousands) 20 13 15 17 19
Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 49. 8 49. 3 48. 8 48. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 0.6 0.6 0. 6 0. 7
Annual rate of change -8. 5 2. 7 2. 7 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 2. 8 2. 8 2. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -13 4 5 6

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 16 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 38. 3 1. 7 1. 3 0. 7 0. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -71. 1 -2. 1 -8. 7 -6. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 75 320 616 740
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 2. 4 8. 1 12. 7 13. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 4 138 4 659 5 101 5 455 5 822
Males (thousands) 2 064 2 321 2 539 2 709 2 881
Females (thousands) 2 074 2 339 2 562 2 746 2 941
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 7 18. 1 13. 4 13. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 24. 6 21. 2 20. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -22. 8 -31. 6 -41. 3 -40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 5 -6. 8 -8. 1 -7. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 143 9 479

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 3.0 4.0
2.5 2.0
Rate of change

40
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 0.0
30
-2.0
1.5
20 -4.0
1.0
-6.0
10 0.5
-8.0
0 0.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 239

International Migration Report 2009
Niger
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 136 171 165 183 202
Males (thousands) 64 80 77 85 93
Females (thousands) 72 91 88 98 109
Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 53. 1 53. 3 53. 6 53. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.7 1.8 1.5 1. 4 1. 3
Annual rate of change 4. 6 -0. 6 2. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 46 7 28 29

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 21 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 3 12. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 79. 7 -93. 0 9. 2 -0. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 14 8 14 66 78
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 6 0. 5 0. 8 2. 0 1. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 7 904 9 302 11 031 13 102 15 891
Males (thousands) 3 898 4 613 5 510 6 554 7 961
Females (thousands) 4 006 4 689 5 521 6 548 7 931
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 6 34. 1 34. 4 38. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 6 33. 5 34. 8 38. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 5 4. 8 -5. 7 -5. 7
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 58 216 58 559

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250 4.0 5.0
3.5
Rate of change

200 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 3.0
150
2.5 2.0
100
2.0 1.0
50 1.5 0.0
0 1.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

240 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Nigeria
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 447 582 751 972 1 128
Males (thousands) 251 322 409 520 593
Females (thousands) 196 260 342 452 535
Percentage of female migrants 43. 8 44. 7 45. 6 46. 5 47. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.5 0.6 0. 7 0. 7
Annual rate of change 5. 2 5. 1 5. 2 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 167 209 269 214

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 4 7 7 9 9
Percentage of international migrants 0. 8 1. 2 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 13. 1 0. 1 4. 1 -0. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 10 804 1 392 3 329 9 221
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 2. 7 3. 0 3. 0 5. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 97 338 110 449 124 842 140 879 158 259
Males (thousands) 48 389 55 020 62 326 70 498 79 343
Females (thousands) 48 949 55 430 62 516 70 381 78 916
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 3 24. 5 24. 2 23. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 4 24. 6 24. 4 23. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -19. 2 -19. 0 -34. 0 -60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 3 -0. 4
Percentage of total population 1. 8 1. 9 2. 0 2. 2 2. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 289 083 292 271

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 3.0 6.0
1,000 2.5
Rate of change

5.0
Percentage
Thousands

800 2.0 4.0

600 1.5 3.0
400 1.0 2.0
200 0.5 1.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 241

International Migration Report 2009
Niue
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 46. 9 46. 6 46. 4 46. 3 45. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.0 20.6 21.8 23. 7 25. 6
Annual rate of change -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1 -1. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 2 2 2 2 1
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -16. 5 -23. 2 -27. 5 -26. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 3 8. 3 7. 5 5. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -27. 7 -29. 7 -32. 7 -30. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 2

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1 26.0 -1.1
25.0 -1.1
Rate of change

0
Percentage
Thousands

24.0 -1.1
0 23.0 -1.1
0 22.0 -1.1
21.0 -1.1
0
20.0 -1.2
0 19.0 -1.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

242 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Northern Mariana Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 27 36 45 51 55
Males (thousands) 14 19 24 27 29
Females (thousands) 13 17 21 24 26
Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 7 46. 9 47. 2 47. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 61.6 62.8 65.0 63. 4 62. 0
Annual rate of change 5. 9 4. 3 2. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 9 4. 3 2. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 9 6 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 44 58 69 80 88
Males (thousands) 23 29 32 35 38
Females (thousands) 21 29 37 45 50
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 55. 2 35. 7 30. 1 19. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 5 17. 0 13. 2 12. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 7 1. 2 1. 3 0. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 39. 8 20. 5 18. 1 7. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 151 97

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 66.0 7.0
50 6.0
Rate of change

65.0
Percentage
Thousands

40 5.0
64.0
4.0
30
63.0 3.0
20
2.0
10 62.0
1.0
0 61.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 243

International Migration Report 2009
Norway
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 195 237 299 371 485
Males (thousands) 101 119 148 181 237
Females (thousands) 95 118 150 189 248
Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 49. 9 50. 4 51. 1 51. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.6 5.4 6.7 8. 0 10. 0
Annual rate of change 3. 9 4. 6 4. 3 5. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 5. 7 5. 1 6. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 49 71 82 127

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 19 46 46 44 39
Percentage of international migrants 9. 8 19. 5 15. 3 11. 7 8. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2
Annual rate of change 17. 7 -0. 2 -0. 9 -2. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 158 239 246 505 613
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 2 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 4 241 4 359 4 484 4 635 4 855
Males (thousands) 2 097 2 156 2 220 2 299 2 415
Females (thousands) 2 144 2 204 2 264 2 337 2 440
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 5 5. 6 6. 6 9. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 5 3. 3 2. 9 3. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 5 10. 5 16. 9 27. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 0 2. 4 3. 8 5. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 947 5 021

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

600 10.0 7.0
500 9.0 6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

400 8.0 5.0

4.0
300 7.0
3.0
200 6.0
2.0
100 5.0
1.0
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

244 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 911 1 201 1 408 1 661 1 924
Males (thousands) 466 613 718 845 978
Females (thousands) 445 588 690 815 946
Percentage of female migrants 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0 49. 1 49. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 42.3 45.9 44.7 44. 1 43. 6
Annual rate of change 5. 5 3. 2 3. 3 2. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees - - - -
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) - - - -

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 911 1 201 1 408 1 661 1 924
Percentage of international migrants 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 4. 9 6. 5 9. 0 12. 0 11. 8
Annual rate of change 5. 5 3. 2 3. 3 2. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 626 859 598 598
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 19. 4 20. 9 12. 3 11. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 2 154 2 617 3 149 3 762 4 409
Males (thousands) 1 104 1 329 1 600 1 913 2 244
Females (thousands) 1 050 1 289 1 549 1 849 2 165
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 38. 9 37. 0 35. 5 31. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 38. 7 36. 9 34. 8 32. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 — 2. 1 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 1 — 0. 7 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 265 10 530

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 46.0 6.0
45.5
Rate of change

2,000 5.0
45.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,500 44.5 4.0

44.0 3.0
1,000 43.5
2.0
43.0
500
42.5 1.0
0 42.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 245

International Migration Report 2009
Oman
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 424 582 624 666 826
Males (thousands) 335 461 494 528 655
Females (thousands) 89 122 130 138 172
Percentage of female migrants 21. 0 20. 9 20. 8 20. 8 20. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 23.0 26.8 26.0 25. 5 28. 4
Annual rate of change 6. 4 1. 4 1. 3 4. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 4 1. 4 1. 3 4. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 165 48 49 167

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 39 39 39 39 39
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 1 843 2 172 2 402 2 618 2 905
Males (thousands) 1 026 1 281 1 392 1 487 1 636
Females (thousands) 817 891 1 010 1 131 1 269
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 8 20. 2 17. 2 20. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 5 26. 3 21. 2 19. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 4. 5 -14. 0 -10. 0 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 4 -6. 4 -4. 2 1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 4 878 4 809

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 29.0 7.0
28.0 6.0
Rate of change

800
Percentage
Thousands

27.0 5.0
600 26.0 4.0
400 25.0 3.0
24.0 2.0
200
23.0 1.0
0 22.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

246 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Pakistan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 556 4 077 4 243 3 554 4 234
Males (thousands) 3 604 2 232 2 334 1 960 2 341
Females (thousands) 2 952 1 844 1 909 1 594 1 893
Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 45. 2 45. 0 44. 8 44. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 2 2. 5 2. 4 1. 8 2. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.7 3.1 2.9 2. 1 2. 3
Annual rate of change -9. 5 0. 8 -3. 5 3. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2241 295 -569 772

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 266 1 129 1 602 1 188 2 114
Percentage of international migrants 49. 8 27. 7 37. 8 33. 4 49. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 17. 7 6. 1 10. 2 8. 6 12. 9
Annual rate of change -21. 2 7. 0 -6. 0 11. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 006 1 712 1 075 4 280 5 998
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 5 2. 1 1. 4 3. 4 3. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 115 776 130 397 148 132 165 816 184 753
Males (thousands) 60 185 67 557 76 505 85 476 95 115
Females (thousands) 55 591 62 840 71 627 80 339 89 638
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 8 25. 5 22. 6 21. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 0 25. 5 24. 1 23. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -522. 1 -8. 1 -247. 9 -283. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 5 -0. 1 -1. 7 -1. 7
Percentage of total population 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 335 195 345 324

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 6.0 6.0
6,000 4.0
Rate of change

5.0 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

5,000
4.0 0.0
4,000 -2.0
3,000 3.0 -4.0
2,000 -6.0
2.0 -8.0
1,000
-10.0
0 1.0 -12.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 247

International Migration Report 2009
Palau
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 5 6 6 6
Males (thousands) 2 3 4 4 3
Females (thousands) 1 2 3 2 2
Percentage of female migrants 36. 0 40. 7 40. 2 40. 2 40. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 19.2 27.3 32.7 30. 0 28. 1
Annual rate of change 9. 7 6. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 9. 7 6. 0 -0. 9 -0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 2 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 15 17 19 20 21
Males (thousands) 8 9 11 11 11
Females (thousands) 7 8 9 9 10
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 6 24. 5 8. 6 4. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 0 10. 3 8. 7 8. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 3 -0. 0 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 14. 6 15. 1 -0. 0 -5. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 26 25

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7 33.0 12.0
6 31.0 10.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

5 29.0 8.0
4 27.0 6.0
3 25.0 4.0
2 23.0 2.0
1 21.0 0.0
0 19.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

248 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Panama
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 62 73 86 102 121
Males (thousands) 33 38 44 51 59
Females (thousands) 29 35 42 51 62
Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 2 49. 2 50. 2 51. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.6 2.7 2.9 3. 2 3. 4
Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4 3. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 6 3. 3 3. 3 0. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 15 17 21

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 1 1 2 17
Percentage of international migrants 2. 3 1. 3 1. 5 1. 6 13. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change -8. 4 7. 2 4. 7 46. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 110 112 16 130 180
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 8 1. 2 0. 1 0. 8 0. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 2 413 2 673 2 951 3 232 3 508
Males (thousands) 1 221 1 350 1 490 1 630 1 768
Females (thousands) 1 191 1 323 1 461 1 601 1 740
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 20. 5 19. 8 18. 2 16. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 19. 8 19. 0 17. 7 15. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 6 2. 2 1. 6 2. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 7 0. 8 0. 5 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 092 4 990

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140 5.0 4.0
120 4.5 3.5
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

100 3.0
4.0
80 2.5
3.5 2.0
60
3.0 1.5
40
1.0
20 2.5
0.5
0 2.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 249

International Migration Report 2009
Papua New Guinea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 33 31 26 25 25
Males (thousands) 19 19 16 16 15
Females (thousands) 14 13 10 10 9
Percentage of female migrants 42. 6 40. 1 37. 8 37. 6 37. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 0.7 0.5 0. 4 0. 4
Annual rate of change -1. 1 -4. 1 -0. 0 -0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 9 -2. 9 -2. 9 -2. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -5 1 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 7 9 6 9 10
Percentage of international migrants 22. 4 28. 9 24. 6 34. 6 41. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 9 -7. 3 6. 8 2. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 5 16 7 13 13
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 3 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 4 131 4 709 5 388 6 118 6 888
Males (thousands) 2 139 2 418 2 747 3 112 3 500
Females (thousands) 1 992 2 292 2 641 3 006 3 388
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 9 25. 4 23. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 2 26. 9 25. 4 23. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 12 871 12 871

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

35 3.0 0.0
30 2.5
Rate of change

-1.0
Percentage
Thousands

25 2.0
20 -2.0
1.5
15
1.0 -3.0
10
5 0.5 -4.0
0 0.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

250 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Paraguay
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 183 183 175 168 161
Males (thousands) 96 96 91 87 83
Females (thousands) 87 87 84 81 78
Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 7 47. 9 48. 1 48. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.3 3.8 3.3 2. 8 2. 5
Annual rate of change -0. 0 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 0 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 4 -3 -4 -3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 0. 7 -22. 0 16. 7 5. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 34 287 278 269 484
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 7 3. 6 3. 9 3. 6 4. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 4 250 4 802 5 350 5 904 6 460
Males (thousands) 2 148 2 428 2 707 2 985 3 260
Females (thousands) 2 102 2 374 2 643 2 919 3 200
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 4 21. 6 19. 7 18. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 7 23. 3 21. 3 19. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -6. 1 -8. 6 -8. 9 -8. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 4 -1. 8 -1. 7 -1. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 9 867 10 242

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

185 5.0 0.0
180 4.5
Rate of change

-0.2
Percentage
Thousands

175 4.0
170 -0.4
3.5
165
3.0 -0.6
160
155 2.5 -0.8
150 2.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 251

International Migration Report 2009
Peru
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 56 51 46 42 38
Males (thousands) 28 25 22 20 18
Females (thousands) 28 26 24 22 20
Percentage of female migrants 49. 9 51. 2 52. 4 52. 4 52. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.2 0.2 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 0 -2. 0 -2. 1 -2. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -4 -4 -3 -3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 1. 3 1. 3 1. 5 1. 9 2. 5
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -2. 2 1. 8 3. 0 3. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 87 599 718 1 440 2 131
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 3 1. 1 1. 3 1. 8 2. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 21 776 23 943 26 004 27 836 29 496
Males (thousands) 10 931 12 018 13 047 13 958 14 782
Females (thousands) 10 846 11 926 12 957 13 878 14 715
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 0 16. 5 13. 6 11. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 6 19. 3 17. 5 15. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -60. 0 -70. 0 -105. 0 -125. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 8 -2. 9 -4. 0 -4. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 39 776 41 940

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 2.0 -1.9
50 1.5
Rate of change

-2.0
Percentage
Thousands

40 1.0
-2.0
30 0.5
20 0.0 -2.1

10 -0.5 -2.1
0 -1.0 -2.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

252 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Philippines
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 159 210 323 375 435
Males (thousands) 84 109 164 187 213
Females (thousands) 75 101 159 188 223
Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 2 49. 1 50. 1 51. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.3 0.3 0.4 0. 4 0. 5
Annual rate of change 5. 5 8. 6 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 6 8. 6 3. 0 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 55 117 58 67

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 23 1 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 14. 6 0. 3 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -69. 3 -28. 7 -10. 6 0. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 465 5 360 6 212 13 566 16 302
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 3 7. 2 8. 2 13. 7 11. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 62 427 69 965 77 689 85 496 93 617
Males (thousands) 31 485 35 274 39 161 43 081 47 149
Females (thousands) 30 942 34 691 38 528 42 415 46 467
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 8 20. 9 19. 2 18. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 5 23. 4 21. 3 20. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -180. 0 -180. 0 -180. 0 -180. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -2. 6 -2. 3 -2. 1
Percentage of total population 1. 2 1. 2 1. 3 1. 3 1. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 146 156 156 003

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 3.0 10.0
2.5
Rate of change

400 8.0
Percentage
Thousands

2.0
300 6.0
1.5
200 4.0
1.0
100 0.5 2.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 253

International Migration Report 2009
Pitcairn
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3 33. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 9.8 10.3 12. 0 12. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —
Annual rate of change excluding refugees - - - -
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 - 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -12. 7 -10. 1 -29. 7 -
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 6. 3 10. 1 -3. 7 -
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 0 -0. 0 -0. 0 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 5 -19. 7 -24. 1 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 0 0

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

0 13.0 1.0
0 12.5
Rate of change

12.0 0.8
Percentage
Thousands

0
11.5 0.6
0
11.0
0
10.5 0.4
0 10.0
0 0.2
9.5
0 9.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

254 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Poland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 128 964 823 825 827
Males (thousands) 482 404 337 338 339
Females (thousands) 646 560 486 487 488
Percentage of female migrants 57. 2 58. 1 59. 0 59. 0 59. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 6 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.0 2.5 2.1 2. 2 2. 2
Annual rate of change -3. 1 -3. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 2 -3. 2 -0. 0 -0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -122 -106 31 32

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 1 4 8
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 4 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Annual rate of change — 13. 6 25. 8 16. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 724 1 726 6 482 10 496
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 5 1. 0 2. 1 2. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 38 111 38 595 38 433 38 198 38 038
Males (thousands) 18 574 18 782 18 638 18 467 18 338
Females (thousands) 19 537 19 813 19 794 19 732 19 700
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 5 -0. 8 -1. 2 -0. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 9 0. 7 -0. 2 -0. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -15. 5 -60. 0 -40. 0 -24. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 4 -1. 6 -1. 0 -0. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 32 013 32 067

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 4.0 0.5
1,000 3.5 0.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

-0.5
800 3.0
-1.0
600 2.5 -1.5
400 2.0 -2.0
-2.5
200 1.5
-3.0
0 1.0 -3.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 255

International Migration Report 2009
Portugal
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 436 528 635 764 919
Males (thousands) 208 256 312 377 456
Females (thousands) 227 272 323 386 462
Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 51. 6 50. 8 50. 6 50. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.3 6.2 7. 2 8. 6
Annual rate of change 3. 8 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 9 3. 7 3. 7 3. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 108 127 152 184

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -22. 5 9. 9 -1. 9 -1. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 4 479 3 953 3 406 3 101 3 941
Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 9 3. 5 3. 0 1. 7 1. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 9 979 10 038 10 226 10 547 10 732
Males (thousands) 4 811 4 836 4 935 5 103 5 197
Females (thousands) 5 169 5 202 5 291 5 444 5 535
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 2 3. 7 6. 2 3. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 8 0. 6 -0. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 29. 9 58. 2 40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 0 3. 0 5. 7 3. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 015 9 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 9.0 3.9
Rate of change

800 8.0 3.9

Percentage
Thousands

600 7.0 3.8

3.8
400 6.0
3.7
200 5.0
3.7
0 4.0 3.6
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

256 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Puerto Rico
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 322 339 355 352 324
Males (thousands) 153 160 166 167 153
Females (thousands) 169 179 189 186 171
Percentage of female migrants 52. 4 52. 8 53. 2 52. 7 52. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 9.1 9.3 9. 0 8. 1
Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 -0. 1 -1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 -0. 1 -1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 26 27 7 -18

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 3 528 3 701 3 819 3 913 3 998
Males (thousands) 1 708 1 786 1 839 1 879 1 917
Females (thousands) 1 819 1 915 1 980 2 034 2 081
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 6 6. 3 4. 9 4. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 9. 8 7. 6 6. 3 5. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 8 -5. 0 -5. 4 -4. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 2 -1. 3 -1. 4 -1. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 4 103 4 302

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

360 10.0 1.5
350 9.5 1.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

340 9.0 0.5

0.0
330 8.5
-0.5
320 8.0
-1.0
310 7.5
-1.5
300 7.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 257

International Migration Report 2009
Qatar
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 370 406 471 713 1 305
Males (thousands) 274 301 349 529 969
Females (thousands) 95 105 121 184 337
Percentage of female migrants 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8 25. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 6
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 79.1 77.2 76.3 80. 5 86. 5
Annual rate of change 1. 9 3. 0 8. 3 12. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 3. 0 8. 3 12. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 41 70 247 598

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 17. 7 —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 467 526 617 885 1 508
Males (thousands) 313 346 400 648 1 138
Females (thousands) 154 179 216 238 371
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 5 32. 0 72. 3 106. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 16. 8 13. 2 10. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 8 8. 6 43. 8 112. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 0 16. 4 71. 1 127. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 316 1 666

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 14.0
86.0
1,200 12.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 84.0 10.0

800 82.0 8.0
600 6.0
80.0
400 4.0
200 78.0
2.0
0 76.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

258 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Republic of Korea
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 572 584 568 551 535
Males (thousands) 307 310 284 268 253
Females (thousands) 265 275 285 283 282
Percentage of female migrants 46. 3 47. 0 50. 1 51. 4 52. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.3 1.3 1.2 1. 2 1. 1
Annual rate of change 0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 4 -0. 6 -0. 6 -0. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 24 -4 -6 -5

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -86. 8 16. 9 41. 9 12. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 037 1 080 735 848 1 128
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 42 983 44 651 46 429 47 566 48 501
Males (thousands) 21 529 22 364 23 121 23 561 24 016
Females (thousands) 21 454 22 287 23 308 24 006 24 485
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 6 7. 8 4. 8 3. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 10. 5 8. 1 5. 1 4. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -125. 4 -13. 1 -13. 1 -6. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -0. 3 -0. 3 -0. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 8 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 44 077 44 362

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

590 3.0 0.6
580 2.5 0.4
Rate of change

570
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 0.2
560
0.0
550 1.5
540 -0.2
1.0
530 -0.4
520 0.5
-0.6
510 0.0 -0.8
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 259

International Migration Report 2009
Republic of Moldova
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 579 473 474 440 408
Males (thousands) 254 208 209 193 179
Females (thousands) 324 265 266 247 229
Percentage of female migrants 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.3 10.9 11.6 11. 7 11. 4
Annual rate of change -4. 0 0. 1 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 0 0. 1 -1. 5 -1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -82 22 -12 -11

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — 12. 5 15. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 179 920 1 498
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 13. 9 30. 8 34. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 4 364 4 339 4 100 3 759 3 576
Males (thousands) 2 080 2 073 1 959 1 789 1 698
Females (thousands) 2 284 2 266 2 142 1 971 1 878
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -1. 2 -11. 3 -17. 4 -10. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 4 0. 7 -1. 1 -0. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 2 -50. 5 -64. 0 -34. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 5 -11. 6 -15. 6 -9. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 2 734 3 266

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 14.0 1.0
600 13.5
Rate of change

0.0
13.0
Percentage
Thousands

500
12.5 -1.0
400
12.0 -2.0
300
11.5
200 -3.0
11.0
100 10.5 -4.0
0 10.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

260 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Réunion
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 58 79 106 143 175
Males (thousands) 31 41 55 73 87
Females (thousands) 27 37 51 70 88
Percentage of female migrants 46. 4 47. 3 48. 2 49. 2 50. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 11.8 14.7 18. 3 20. 9
Annual rate of change 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0 4. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 0 6. 0 6. 0 4. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 22 29 39 35

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 604 664 724 784 837
Males (thousands) 296 325 354 383 408
Females (thousands) 308 339 370 401 429
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 18. 9 17. 3 16. 0 13. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 2 14. 9 14. 7 13. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1. 7 1. 7 1. 0 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 8 2. 6 1. 4 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 096 1 096

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

200 21.0 7.0
19.0 6.0
Rate of change

150
Percentage
Thousands

17.0 5.0
4.0
100 15.0
3.0
13.0
50 2.0
11.0
1.0
0 9.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 261

International Migration Report 2009
Romania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 143 135 134 133 133
Males (thousands) 62 61 63 64 65
Females (thousands) 81 74 71 70 68
Percentage of female migrants 56. 5 55. 1 52. 9 52. 1 51. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.6 0.6 0.6 0. 6 0. 6
Annual rate of change -1. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -2 5 5 5

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 1 2 2
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 5 1. 1 1. 4 1. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 15. 3 4. 6 -1. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 9 96 4 733 8 539
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 3 4. 8 5. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 23 207 22 681 22 138 21 635 21 190
Males (thousands) 11 449 11 124 10 815 10 539 10 297
Females (thousands) 11 758 11 557 11 323 11 095 10 893
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -4. 6 -4. 8 -4. 6 -4. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 0 -1. 7 -2. 1 -2. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -105. 8 -70. 0 -54. 0 -40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -4. 6 -3. 1 -2. 4 -1. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 17 279 17 438

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

144 3.0 0.0
142
2.5 -0.2
Rate of change

140
Percentage
Thousands

138 2.0 -0.4

136 -0.6
1.5
134 -0.8
132 1.0
130 -1.0
0.5
128 -1.2
126 0.0 -1.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

262 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Russian Federation
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 11 525 11 707 11 892 12 080 12 270
Males (thousands) 5 020 5 051 5 045 5 101 5 181
Females (thousands) 6 505 6 656 6 847 6 979 7 089
Percentage of female migrants 56. 4 56. 9 57. 6 57. 8 57. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 7. 4 7. 1 6. 7 6. 2 5. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 7.8 7.9 8.1 8. 4 8. 7
Annual rate of change 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 3 0. 2 0. 4 0. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 742 799 877 854

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — 53 2 2
Percentage of international migrants — — 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — 0. 3 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — -69. 0 -1. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 2 503 1 275 3 012 4 713
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 6 0. 5 0. 4 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 148 065 148 497 146 670 143 170 140 367
Males (thousands) 69 303 69 599 68 541 66 400 64 820
Females (thousands) 78 762 78 898 78 129 76 770 75 547
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 6 -2. 5 -4. 8 -4. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 4 -5. 5 -6. 2 -4. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 443. 9 441. 6 192. 9 50. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 0 3. 0 1. 3 0. 3
Percentage of total population 2. 8 2. 6 2. 4 2. 2 2. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 116 097 113 483

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12,400 10.0 0.5
12,200 9.5
Rate of change

0.4
Percentage
Thousands

12,000 9.0
11,800 0.3
8.5
11,600
8.0 0.2
11,400
11,200 7.5 0.1
11,000 7.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 263

International Migration Report 2009
Rwanda
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 73 337 391 436 465
Males (thousands) 34 156 181 201 215
Females (thousands) 39 182 211 235 251
Percentage of female migrants 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9 53. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 6.2 4.9 4. 8 4. 5
Annual rate of change 30. 6 3. 0 2. 1 1. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 38. 0 1. 7 1. 5 1. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 275 81 68 53

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 23 7 31 48 51
Percentage of international migrants 32. 2 2. 0 8. 0 10. 9 11. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 0 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change -24. 5 30. 3 8. 4 1. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 21 7 21 51
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 1. 6 0. 4 0. 9 1. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 7 150 5 440 7 958 8 992 10 277
Males (thousands) 3 459 2 608 3 824 4 342 4 981
Females (thousands) 3 691 2 833 4 134 4 651 5 296
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -54. 7 76. 1 24. 4 26. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -0. 9 18. 1 24. 3 26. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -336. 2 382. 3 1. 2 3. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -47. 0 70. 3 0. 1 0. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 22 082 22 082

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 7.0 40.0
6.0 35.0
Rate of change

400
Percentage
Thousands

5.0 30.0
300 4.0 25.0
3.0 20.0
200
15.0
2.0
100 10.0
1.0 5.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

264 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Saint Helena
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 42. 0 44. 7 46. 9 48. 1 49. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.9 7.5 8.0 8. 8 9. 7
Annual rate of change 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 6 5 5 5 4
Males (thousands) 3 3 3 2 2
Females (thousands) 3 3 3 2 2
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -10. 3 -7. 7 -14. 4 -13. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 6 15. 5 10. 1 8. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -25. 3 -22. 8 -23. 7 -21. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 5

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

0 10.0 0.6
0 9.5 0.6
Rate of change

0 9.0
Percentage
Thousands

0.6
0 8.5 0.5
0 8.0 0.5
0 7.5 0.5
0 7.0 0.5
0 6.5 0.5
0 6.0 0.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 265

International Migration Report 2009
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 4 4 5 5
Males (thousands) 2 2 2 2 3
Females (thousands) 2 2 2 2 2
Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 47. 7 47. 0 46. 3 46. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 8.4 8.8 9. 2 9. 6
Annual rate of change 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2 2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 19 2 4 34 37
Percentage of gross domestic product 11. 9 0. 9 1. 2 7. 7 7. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 41 43 46 49 52
Males (thousands) 20 21 23 24 26
Females (thousands) 21 22 23 25 26
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 4 13. 3 13. 0 12. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 4 13. 3 13. 0 12. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 69 69

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6 10.0 2.2
5 9.5 2.2
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

4 9.0 2.2
2.2
3 8.5
2.2
2 8.0
2.2
1 7.5
2.2
0 7.0 2.2
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

266 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Saint Lucia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 6 7 9 10
Males (thousands) 3 3 4 4 5
Females (thousands) 3 3 4 4 5
Percentage of female migrants 50. 7 51. 0 51. 3 51. 3 51. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.9 4.3 4.7 5. 3 5. 9
Annual rate of change 3. 4 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 4 3. 2 3. 2 3. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 16 2 3 29 31
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 8 0. 4 0. 4 3. 4 3. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 138 147 157 165 174
Males (thousands) 68 72 77 81 85
Females (thousands) 70 75 80 84 89
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 4 13. 1 10. 0 10. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 1 14. 1 11. 0 11. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 8 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -5. 9 -1. 1 -1. 0 -1. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 217 226

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12 6.0 3.4
10 5.5
Rate of change

3.4
Percentage
Thousands

8 5.0 3.3
6 4.5 3.3
4 4.0 3.2
2 3.5 3.2
0 3.0 3.1
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 267

International Migration Report 2009
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0
Percentage of female migrants 49. 1 48. 3 47. 6 47. 3 47. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 17.7 21.2 22.9 18. 4 16. 9
Annual rate of change 3. 7 1. 4 -4. 8 -2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 3. 7 1. 4 -4. 8 -2. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 6 6 6 6 6
Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Females (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 0. 7 -0. 9 -4. 2 -3. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 4 16. 4 14. 5 12. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 7 -17. 3 -18. 5 -15. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 8

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2 23.0 6.0
1 22.0
Rate of change

4.0
1
Percentage
Thousands

21.0
1 2.0
20.0
1 0.0
19.0
1
18.0 -2.0
0
0 17.0 -4.0
0 16.0 -6.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

268 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 5 6 7 9
Males (thousands) 2 3 3 4 4
Females (thousands) 2 3 3 4 4
Percentage of female migrants 51. 4 51. 6 51. 7 51. 8 51. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.7 5.1 5.9 6. 8 7. 9
Annual rate of change 6. 3 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 3 3. 0 3. 0 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 2 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 16 2 3 26 31
Percentage of gross domestic product 8. 1 0. 8 0. 9 6. 0 5. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 107 108 108 109 109
Males (thousands) 53 54 54 55 55
Females (thousands) 54 54 54 54 54
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 1. 2 -0. 4 1. 6 1. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 16. 6 13. 8 10. 8 10. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 7 -1. 5 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -15. 5 -14. 1 -9. 3 -9. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 119 139

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10 8.0 7.0
6.0
Rate of change

8 7.0
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
6 6.0
4.0
4 5.0 3.0
2.0
2 4.0
1.0
0 3.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 269

International Migration Report 2009
Samoa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 5 6 7 9
Males (thousands) 2 2 3 4 5
Females (thousands) 1 2 3 3 4
Percentage of female migrants 45. 6 45. 3 45. 1 44. 9 44. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.0 2.7 3.2 4. 0 5. 0
Annual rate of change 7. 0 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 7. 0 4. 5 4. 5 4. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 2 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 43 41 45 110 120
Percentage of gross domestic product 38. 4 20. 5 19. 4 25. 9 23. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 161 168 177 179 179
Males (thousands) 85 88 92 93 93
Females (thousands) 77 81 85 86 86
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 8. 4 9. 6 2. 7 -0. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 2 25. 9 23. 5 18. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 6 -2. 8 -3. 7 -3. 3
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 1 -16. 7 -21. 0 -18. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 192 331

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

10 6.0 8.0
7.0
Rate of change

8 5.0
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
6 4.0 5.0
4.0
4 3.0
3.0
2 2.0 2.0
1.0
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

270 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
San Marino
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 9 9 11 12
Males (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5
Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 6
Percentage of female migrants 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5 53. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 36.2 34.9 34.1 37. 7 37. 0
Annual rate of change 0. 5 0. 5 4. 3 0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 5 0. 5 4. 3 0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 2 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 24 26 27 30 32
Males (thousands) 12 13 13 15 16
Females (thousands) 12 13 14 15 16
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 4 9. 5 23. 1 8. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 4. 3 1. 9 2. 1 1. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 2 0. 2 0. 6 0. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 3 7. 8 22. 3 6. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 33 27

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

14 38.0 5.0
12
Rate of change

37.0 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

10
8 36.0 3.0
6 35.0 2.0
4
34.0 1.0
2
0 33.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 271

International Migration Report 2009
Sao Tome and Principe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 6 6 5 5
Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Females (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Percentage of female migrants 47. 5 47. 7 47. 8 47. 9 48. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 4.4 3.9 3. 5 3. 2
Annual rate of change -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 1 2 2
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 1. 3 1. 3 1. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 116 128 140 153 165
Males (thousands) 58 63 69 76 82
Females (thousands) 59 64 71 77 83
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 4 18. 2 17. 1 16. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 6 27. 2 26. 6 24. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 0 -1. 2 -1. 4 -1. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 6 -9. 4 -10. 0 -9. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 296 323

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

6 6.0 -0.5
6 5.5 -0.5
Rate of change

5.0
Percentage
Thousands

6 -0.5
4.5
-0.5
5 4.0
3.5 -0.5
5
3.0 -0.5
5 2.5 -0.5
5 2.0 -0.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

272 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Saudi Arabia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 743 4 611 5 136 6 337 7 289
Males (thousands) 3 324 3 248 3 434 4 428 5 093
Females (thousands) 1 419 1 362 1 703 1 909 2 196
Percentage of female migrants 29. 9 29. 5 33. 2 30. 1 30. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 3. 0 2. 8 2. 9 3. 2 3. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 29.2 25.3 24.7 26. 8 27. 8
Annual rate of change -0. 6 2. 2 4. 2 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 6 2. 2 3. 4 2. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -51 597 1 275 1 042

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 16 5 241 241
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 3 0. 1 3. 8 3. 3
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 1. 7 1. 5
Annual rate of change - -21. 0 75. 8 0. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 16 259 18 255 20 808 23 613 26 246
Males (thousands) 9 029 10 190 11 520 13 046 14 355
Females (thousands) 7 230 8 064 9 288 10 567 11 891
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 2 26. 2 25. 3 21. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 9 25. 4 22. 7 19. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -100. 0 14. 0 57. 0 30. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 2 0. 8 2. 7 1. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 43 658 41 061

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 30.0 5.0
7,000 29.0
Rate of change

4.0
6,000
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 28.0 3.0

4,000 27.0 2.0
3,000 26.0 1.0
2,000
1,000 25.0 0.0
0 24.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 273

International Migration Report 2009
Senegal
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 269 291 231 220 210
Males (thousands) 139 143 113 108 103
Females (thousands) 130 148 118 112 107
Percentage of female migrants 48. 3 50. 8 50. 9 51. 0 51. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.6 3.4 2.3 2. 0 1. 6
Annual rate of change 1. 6 -4. 6 -1. 0 -0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 7 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 35 -46 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 56 70 21 21 21
Percentage of international migrants 20. 7 24. 0 9. 2 9. 4 9. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 4. 5 -23. 9 -0. 4 -0. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 142 146 233 789 1 192
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 3 3. 0 5. 0 9. 1 10. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 7 538 8 660 9 902 11 281 12 861
Males (thousands) 3 781 4 324 4 927 5 600 6 375
Females (thousands) 3 756 4 336 4 974 5 681 6 486
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 8 26. 8 26. 1 26. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 2 28. 9 27. 9 27. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 7 -2. 3 -2. 0 -1. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 26 102 27 115

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 4.0 2.0
300 3.5 1.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

250 3.0 0.0

200 -1.0
2.5
150 -2.0
100 2.0
-3.0
50 1.5
-4.0
0 1.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

274 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Serbia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 99 874 857 675 525
Males (thousands) 47 399 380 296 228
Females (thousands) 53 474 477 379 298
Percentage of female migrants 52. 9 54. 3 55. 7 56. 1 56. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 5 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.0 8.1 7.9 6. 8 5. 3
Annual rate of change 43. 5 -0. 4 -4. 8 -5. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 23. 8 2. 4 4. 8 -1. 6
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 778 17 -147 -120

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 1 551 493 212 98
Percentage of international migrants 0. 9 63. 0 57. 5 31. 5 18. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 3. 0 3. 1 1. 5 0. 6
Annual rate of change 127. 5 -2. 2 -16. 8 -15. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 1 132 4 650 5 577
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 12. 5 17. 8 13. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 10 156 10 828 10 795 9 856 9 856
Males (thousands) 5 044 5 375 5 356 4 874 4 877
Females (thousands) 5 112 5 453 5 438 4 982 4 979
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 8 -0. 6 -18. 2 -0. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 7 1. 5 1. 2 -
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 90. 1 -29. 6 -67. 7 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 8. 9 -2. 7 -6. 3 —
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 9 193 9 193

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,000 50.0
8.0
Rate of change

800 40.0
Percentage
Thousands

6.0 30.0
600
4.0 20.0
400
10.0
200 2.0
0.0
0 0.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 275

International Migration Report 2009
Seychelles
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 4 4 7 8 11
Males (thousands) 2 3 4 5 6
Females (thousands) 2 2 3 4 5
Percentage of female migrants 40. 8 40. 7 41. 6 42. 5 42. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.2 5.6 8.1 10. 2 12. 8
Annual rate of change 2. 8 8. 6 5. 0 5. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 8 8. 6 5. 0 5. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 2 2 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 8 1 .. 12 11
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 0. 2 .. 1. 7 1. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 72 76 81 83 85
Males (thousands) 36 38 41 42 43
Females (thousands) 36 38 40 41 42
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 0 13. 9 3. 7 4. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 7 11. 0 10. 4 9. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 3 0. 2 -0. 6 -0. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 8 3. 0 -6. 8 -4. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 97 100

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

12 10.0
12.0
10
Rate of change

8.0
Percentage
Thousands

8 10.0
6.0
6
8.0
4 4.0
6.0 2.0
2
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

276 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Sierra Leone
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 154 101 97 152 107
Males (thousands) 89 57 54 83 58
Females (thousands) 65 44 43 69 49
Percentage of female migrants 42. 1 43. 2 44. 4 45. 7 45. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.8 2.5 2.3 3. 0 1. 8
Annual rate of change -8. 5 -0. 9 9. 1 -7. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2 -0. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -39 4 62 -36

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 63 10 7 63 18
Percentage of international migrants 40. 7 10. 2 6. 8 41. 2 16. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 3 0. 1 0. 0 0. 5 0. 1
Annual rate of change -36. 2 -9. 0 45. 2 -24. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 24 7 2 148
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 9 0. 8 0. 2 7. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 4 084 3 989 4 228 5 107 5 836
Males (thousands) 1 985 1 933 2 048 2 481 2 844
Females (thousands) 2 099 2 056 2 181 2 626 2 992
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -4. 7 11. 7 37. 8 26. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 19. 0 23. 3 24. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -90. 0 -30. 0 67. 2 12. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -22. 0 -7. 5 15. 9 2. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 12 446 12 771

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

200 4.0 10.0
3.5
Rate of change

150
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
3.0
100 2.5 0.0
2.0
50 -5.0
1.5
0 1.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 277

International Migration Report 2009
Singapore
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 727 992 1 352 1 494 1 967
Males (thousands) 343 455 602 661 865
Females (thousands) 384 537 750 833 1 102
Percentage of female migrants 52. 8 54. 1 55. 5 55. 8 56. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 0. 8 0. 8 0. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 24.1 28.5 33.6 35. 0 40. 7
Annual rate of change 6. 2 6. 2 2. 0 5. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 6. 2 6. 2 2. 0 5. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 277 378 166 501

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -32. 4 -82. 5 13. 9 22. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 3 016 3 480 4 018 4 267 4 837
Males (thousands) 1 518 1 752 2 023 2 147 2 429
Females (thousands) 1 499 1 728 1 995 2 120 2 408
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 6 28. 8 12. 0 25. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 2 9. 1 5. 3 3. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 50. 0 73. 6 27. 8 100. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 16. 6 21. 1 6. 9 23. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 5 221 4 279

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 7.0
38.0 6.0
Rate of change

2,000
Percentage
Thousands

5.0
1,500 33.0 4.0
1,000 3.0
28.0 2.0
500
1.0
0 23.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

278 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Slovakia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 41 114 118 124 131
Males (thousands) 18 50 52 55 58
Females (thousands) 23 64 66 70 73
Percentage of female migrants 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0 56. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.8 2.1 2.2 2. 3 2. 4
Annual rate of change 20. 2 0. 9 1. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 20. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 74 9 10 11

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — 1. 1 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -20. 4 -2. 9 -7. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 26 18 946 1 483
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 1 0. 1 2. 0 2. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 5 256 5 352 5 379 5 386 5 412
Males (thousands) 2 570 2 606 2 613 2 614 2 625
Females (thousands) 2 686 2 745 2 766 2 772 2 787
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 3. 6 1. 0 0. 3 1. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 3. 7 1. 0 -0. 1 0. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 6 0. 0 2. 0 4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 0. 0 0. 4 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 4 917 4 720

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140 3.0 25.0
120 2.5
Rate of change

20.0
Percentage
Thousands

100 2.0
80 15.0
1.5
60
1.0 10.0
40
20 0.5 5.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 279

International Migration Report 2009
Slovenia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 178 200 174 167 164
Males (thousands) 89 103 92 89 88
Females (thousands) 89 97 82 78 76
Percentage of female migrants 50. 0 48. 5 47. 0 46. 8 46. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.2 10.2 8.8 8. 4 8. 1
Annual rate of change 2. 3 -2. 8 -0. 8 -0. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 29 -19 -1 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 26 4 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — 12. 9 2. 1 0. 2 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -39. 3 -51. 2 -1. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 272 205 264 284
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 1. 3 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 1 927 1 966 1 985 2 001 2 025
Males (thousands) 933 956 967 976 989
Females (thousands) 993 1 010 1 018 1 025 1 036
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 4. 1 1. 9 1. 6 2. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 0. 2 -0. 5 -0. 7 0. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 7. 5 4. 8 4. 5 4. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 9 2. 5 2. 3 2. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 954 1 733

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

250 11.0 3.0
10.5 2.0
Rate of change

200
10.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.0
150 9.5
0.0
9.0
100 8.5 -1.0
8.0 -2.0
50
7.5 -3.0
0 7.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

280 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Solomon Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 5 6 6 7
Males (thousands) 3 3 3 4 4
Females (thousands) 2 2 3 3 3
Percentage of female migrants 44. 5 44. 3 44. 1 44. 0 43. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.5 1.5 1.4 1. 4 1. 3
Annual rate of change 2. 5 2. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 7 6. 7 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 1 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 — — —
Percentage of international migrants — 18. 9 — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 2 7 20
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 6 1. 9 4. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 314 362 416 474 536
Males (thousands) 163 187 215 245 277
Females (thousands) 151 174 200 228 258
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 7 26. 2 24. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 6 27. 6 26. 2 24. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — — — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — — — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 007 1 007

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8 4.0 8.0
7 3.5
Rate of change

6.0
6
Percentage
Thousands

5 3.0 4.0
4 2.5 2.0
3 2.0 0.0
2
1 1.5 -2.0
0 1.0 -4.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 281

International Migration Report 2009
Somalia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 633 19 20 21 23
Males (thousands) 333 10 11 11 12
Females (thousands) 300 9 9 10 10
Percentage of female migrants 47. 4 47. 3 47. 1 46. 5 45. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 0.3 0.3 0. 3 0. 2
Annual rate of change -70. 5 1. 3 1. 4 1. 4
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 1. 5 1. 3 1. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -567 2 3 3

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 615 1 0 0 1
Percentage of international migrants 97. 1 2. 7 1. 7 2. 0 3. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 3. 3 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -142. 0 -7. 8 4. 2 12. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 6 596 6 521 7 394 8 354 9 359
Males (thousands) 3 262 3 226 3 660 4 139 4 642
Females (thousands) 3 333 3 295 3 734 4 215 4 717
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -2. 3 25. 1 24. 4 22. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 24. 9 28. 0 29. 5 28. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -178. 7 -20. 0 -40. 0 -50. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -27. 1 -3. 1 -5. 4 -6. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 23 522 23 837

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 10.0 10.0
600 0.0
Rate of change

8.0 -10.0
Percentage
Thousands

500
6.0 -20.0
400 -30.0
300 4.0 -40.0
200 -50.0
2.0 -60.0
100
-70.0
0 0.0 -80.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

282 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
South Africa
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 224 1 098 1 022 1 249 1 863
Males (thousands) 767 671 612 732 1 068
Females (thousands) 457 427 410 517 795
Percentage of female migrants 37. 3 38. 9 40. 1 41. 4 42. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 9
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.3 2.7 2.3 2. 6 3. 7
Annual rate of change -2. 2 -1. 4 4. 0 8. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 0 0. 1 3. 8 8. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -87 -34 278 684

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 97 15 29 36
Percentage of international migrants — 8. 8 1. 4 2. 3 1. 9
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2
Annual rate of change — -37. 5 13. 2 4. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 136 105 344 658 834
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 36 745 41 375 44 872 48 073 50 492
Males (thousands) 18 182 20 382 22 059 23 661 24 903
Females (thousands) 18 563 20 993 22 813 24 413 25 590
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 23. 7 16. 2 13. 8 9. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 19. 1 15. 3 10. 8 7. 0
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 180. 0 39. 9 140. 0 140. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 9 1. 0 3. 1 2. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 56 802 57 254

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 5.0 10.0
4.5 8.0
Rate of change

1,500
Percentage
Thousands

6.0
4.0
4.0
1,000 3.5 2.0
3.0 0.0
500 -2.0
2.5
-4.0
0 2.0 -6.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 283

International Migration Report 2009
Spain
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 830 1 041 1 753 4 608 6 378
Males (thousands) 397 504 875 2 411 3 321
Females (thousands) 433 537 878 2 197 3 056
Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 51. 6 50. 1 47. 7 47. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 6 1. 0 2. 4 3. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.6 4.4 10. 7 14. 1
Annual rate of change 4. 5 10. 4 19. 3 6. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 6 10. 4 19. 4 6. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 238 746 2 913 1 919

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 8 6 7 6 5
Percentage of international migrants 1. 0 0. 5 0. 4 0. 1 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -8. 3 4. 0 -4. 3 -1. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 186 3 235 4 517 7 961 10 739
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 5 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 38 839 39 391 40 264 43 060 45 317
Males (thousands) 19 026 19 290 19 718 21 186 22 360
Females (thousands) 19 813 20 101 20 546 21 874 22 956
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 4. 4 13. 4 10. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 1. 2 0. 4 1. 4 2. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 64. 7 158. 5 500. 8 350. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 7 4. 0 12. 4 8. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 51 260 42 719

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 15.0 25.0
6,000 13.0
Rate of change

20.0
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 11.0
4,000 9.0 15.0
3,000 7.0
10.0
2,000 5.0
1,000 3.0 5.0
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

284 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Sri Lanka
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 459 426 395 366 340
Males (thousands) 231 214 198 184 171
Females (thousands) 228 212 197 182 169
Percentage of female migrants 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8 49. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.7 2.3 2.1 1. 9 1. 7
Annual rate of change -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -22 -19 -19 -18

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 4. 7 30. 0 14. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 401 809 1 166 1 991 2 527
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 9 6. 1 7. 0 8. 2 7. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 17 290 18 233 18 767 19 531 20 410
Males (thousands) 8 726 9 156 9 353 9 655 10 042
Females (thousands) 8 565 9 077 9 414 9 876 10 368
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 10. 6 5. 8 8. 0 8. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 13. 5 10. 1 12. 6 11. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -51. 2 -80. 0 -88. 4 -60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 0 -4. 4 -4. 7 -3. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 21 705 25 149

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 4.0 -1.5
3.5
Rate of change

400 -1.5
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
300 -1.5
2.5
200 -1.5
2.0
100 1.5 -1.5
0 1.0 -1.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 285

International Migration Report 2009
Sudan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 273 1 111 854 640 753
Males (thousands) 655 572 441 331 390
Females (thousands) 619 539 413 309 363
Percentage of female migrants 48. 6 48. 5 48. 4 48. 3 48. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 8 0. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.7 3.6 2.4 1. 7 1. 7
Annual rate of change -2. 7 -5. 3 -5. 8 3. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 9 1. 9 1. 9 1. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -100 -208 -179 138

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 899 701 403 144 209
Percentage of international migrants 70. 6 63. 1 47. 2 22. 6 27. 8
Percentage of total refugee population 4. 9 3. 8 2. 6 1. 0 1. 3
Annual rate of change -5. 0 -11. 1 -20. 5 7. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 62 346 641 1 016 1 769
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 3. 1 4. 9 3. 1 3. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 27 091 30 841 34 904 38 698 43 192
Males (thousands) 13 612 15 509 17 562 19 479 21 750
Females (thousands) 13 480 15 333 17 342 19 219 21 442
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 25. 9 24. 7 20. 6 22. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 1 26. 1 23. 5 21. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -33. 7 -45. 4 -106. 4 27. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -1. 5 -3. 0 0. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 75 884 75 950

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 5.0 4.0
1,200 4.5
Rate of change

2.0
4.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000
3.5 0.0
800
3.0 -2.0
600
2.5
400 -4.0
2.0
200 1.5 -6.0
0 1.0 -8.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

286 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Suriname
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 18 22 28 34 39
Males (thousands) 10 12 15 18 22
Females (thousands) 8 10 13 15 18
Percentage of female migrants 46. 2 46. 0 45. 8 45. 6 45. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.4 5.1 5.9 6. 8 7. 5
Annual rate of change 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 2 4. 2 4. 2 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 5 6 7 6

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 0 — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 — — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 .. .. 4 140
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 .. .. 0. 3 6. 8

Population
Total (thousands) 407 436 467 500 524
Males (thousands) 207 221 236 251 263
Females (thousands) 200 215 231 249 262
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 13. 8 13. 9 13. 5 9. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 15. 4 16. 4 13. 5 11. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 7 -1. 1 -0. 0 -1. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 7 -2. 6 -0. 0 -2. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 619 679

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50 8.0 5.0
7.5
Rate of change

40 4.0
7.0
Percentage
Thousands

30 6.5 3.0
6.0
20 5.5 2.0
5.0
10 1.0
4.5
0 4.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 287

International Migration Report 2009
Swaziland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 71 35 37 39 40
Males (thousands) 38 19 19 20 21
Females (thousands) 33 16 17 18 19
Percentage of female migrants 46. 5 46. 8 47. 1 47. 4 47. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.3 3.6 3.4 3. 4 3. 4
Annual rate of change -14. 2 0. 9 1. 0 0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -34 3 4 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 38 1 1 1 1
Percentage of international migrants 53. 9 1. 9 1. 8 1. 9 1. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -80. 8 -0. 8 2. 3 1. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 113 83 74 95 100
Percentage of gross domestic product 13. 0 6. 1 5. 3 3. 7 3. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 864 969 1 080 1 124 1 202
Males (thousands) 407 465 520 546 588
Females (thousands) 457 504 559 578 613
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 9 21. 6 8. 1 13. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 31. 2 23. 9 16. 5 14. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 6 -2. 4 -9. 2 -1. 2
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -8. 8 -2. 5 -8. 5 -1. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 749 1 792

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 9.0 5.0
70 8.0
Rate of change

60
Percentage
Thousands

0.0
50 7.0
40 6.0 -5.0
30 5.0
20 -10.0
10 4.0
0 3.0 -15.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

288 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Sweden
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 778 906 993 1 113 1 306
Males (thousands) 377 437 475 532 624
Females (thousands) 400 468 517 581 682
Percentage of female migrants 51. 5 51. 7 52. 1 52. 2 52. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 6
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 10.3 11.2 12. 3 14. 1
Annual rate of change 3. 0 1. 8 2. 3 3. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 3. 3 4. 4 3. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 159 123 158 234

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 125 200 158 74 77
Percentage of international migrants 16. 0 22. 1 16. 0 6. 7 5. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 1 1. 0 0. 5 0. 5
Annual rate of change 9. 4 -4. 7 -15. 2 0. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 153 288 510 612 775
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 8 559 8 827 8 860 9 066 9 293
Males (thousands) 4 228 4 361 4 379 4 492 4 614
Females (thousands) 4 331 4 466 4 482 4 575 4 679
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 2 0. 8 4. 6 4. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 7 -0. 4 0. 4 1. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 30. 2 9. 8 37. 2 30. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 3. 5 1. 1 4. 2 3. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 10 571 9 105

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 15.0 5.0
1,200 14.0
Rate of change

4.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 13.0
800 12.0 3.0
600 11.0
2.0
400 10.0
200 9.0 1.0
0 8.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 289

International Migration Report 2009
Switzerland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 376 1 471 1 563 1 660 1 763
Males (thousands) 692 740 785 834 886
Females (thousands) 685 732 777 825 877
Percentage of female migrants 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7 49. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 8
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 20.5 20.9 21.8 22. 3 23. 2
Annual rate of change 1. 3 1. 2 1. 2 1. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 8 1. 4 1. 5 1. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 142 140 146 154

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 39 79 70 48 47
Percentage of international migrants 2. 8 5. 4 4. 5 2. 9 2. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3
Annual rate of change 14. 2 -2. 5 -7. 6 -0. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 924 1 473 1 119 1 828 2 035
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 6 715 7 038 7 184 7 441 7 595
Males (thousands) 3 277 3 436 3 509 3 641 3 707
Females (thousands) 3 438 3 602 3 675 3 800 3 887
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 9. 4 4. 1 7. 0 4. 1
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 8 2. 2 1. 6 1. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 45. 4 13. 8 40. 0 20. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 6. 8 2. 0 5. 6 2. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 514 6 970

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 24.0 2.0
23.5
Rate of change

1,500 23.0
Percentage
Thousands

1.5
22.5
1,000 22.0 1.0
21.5
500 21.0 0.5
20.5
0 20.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

290 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Syrian Arab Republic
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 690 817 924 1 326 2 206
Males (thousands) 354 418 473 678 1 126
Females (thousands) 336 398 451 648 1 080
Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 8 48. 8 48. 9 49. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5 0. 7 1. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.4 5.6 5.6 6. 9 9. 8
Annual rate of change 3. 4 2. 5 7. 2 10. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 3. 9 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 77 68 366 840

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 283 376 388 748 1 581
Percentage of international migrants 41. 0 46. 0 42. 0 56. 4 71. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 5. 4 9. 7
Annual rate of change 5. 7 0. 7 13. 1 15. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 385 339 180 823 824
Percentage of gross domestic product 3. 5 2. 5 0. 9 2. 9 2. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 12 721 14 610 16 511 19 121 22 505
Males (thousands) 6 412 7 370 8 333 9 654 11 363
Females (thousands) 6 309 7 241 8 178 9 467 11 142
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 7 24. 5 29. 4 32. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 7 26. 1 25. 9 24. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -14. 0 -26. 0 60. 0 160. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 8 3. 6 8. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 36 911 38 679

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,500 10.0 12.0
Rate of change

2,000 9.0 10.0

Percentage
Thousands

1,500 8.0 8.0

6.0
1,000 7.0
4.0
500 6.0
2.0
0 5.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 291

International Migration Report 2009
Tajikistan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 426 305 330 306 284
Males (thousands) 186 133 142 132 122
Females (thousands) 239 172 188 175 162
Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.0 5.3 5.4 4. 7 4. 0
Annual rate of change -6. 7 1. 6 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 7 1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -106 35 -15 -15

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 1 10 1 1
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 2 3. 0 0. 5 0. 4
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 54. 3 -38. 9 -6. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 467 1 691
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 20. 2 45. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 5 303 5 775 6 173 6 536 7 075
Males (thousands) 2 634 2 888 3 093 3 237 3 492
Females (thousands) 2 669 2 887 3 079 3 298 3 583
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 1 13. 3 11. 4 15. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 7 24. 5 22. 3 21. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -59. 2 -66. 6 -69. 0 -40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -11. 5 -11. 2 -6. 1
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 11 111 12 122

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

500 9.0 4.0
8.0
Rate of change

400 2.0
Percentage
Thousands

7.0 0.0
300
6.0 -2.0
200
5.0 -4.0
100 4.0 -6.0
0 3.0 -8.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

292 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Thailand
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 387 549 792 982 1 157
Males (thousands) 207 288 408 506 597
Females (thousands) 181 261 383 476 560
Percentage of female migrants 46. 7 47. 5 48. 4 48. 4 48. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.7 0.9 1.3 1. 5 1. 7
Annual rate of change 7. 0 7. 3 4. 3 3. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 8. 7 8. 7 4. 5 3. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 171 259 215 208

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 100 104 103 119 129
Percentage of international migrants 25. 8 18. 9 13. 0 12. 1 11. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 9 0. 8
Annual rate of change 0. 7 -0. 2 3. 0 1. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 973 1 695 1 697 1 187 1 635
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 1 1. 0 1. 4 0. 7 0. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 56 673 60 140 62 347 65 946 68 139
Males (thousands) 28 221 29 762 30 647 32 461 33 501
Females (thousands) 28 452 30 378 31 700 33 484 34 639
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 11. 9 7. 2 11. 2 6. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 12. 0 8. 7 6. 8 5. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -7. 7 -92. 9 282. 3 60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 1 -1. 5 4. 5 0. 9
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 73 361 72 435

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,400 3.0 10.0
1,200 2.5
Rate of change

8.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,000 2.0
800 6.0
1.5
600
1.0 4.0
400
200 0.5 2.0
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 293

International Migration Report 2009
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 95 115 126 120 130
Males (thousands) 40 48 52 50 54
Females (thousands) 55 67 73 70 76
Percentage of female migrants 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3 58. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.0 5.8 6.2 5. 9 6. 3
Annual rate of change 3. 7 1. 9 -0. 9 1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 22 15 -1 13

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 12 15 1 1
Percentage of international migrants — 10. 5 12. 0 0. 9 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 4. 7 -51. 7 2. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 81 227 345
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 2. 3 3. 9 4. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 1 909 1 963 2 012 2 035 2 043
Males (thousands) 958 983 1 007 1 017 1 020
Females (thousands) 951 981 1 005 1 018 1 023
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 6 4. 8 2. 3 0. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 4 5. 5 3. 3 1. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -5. 5 -1. 4 -2. 0 -2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 9 -0. 7 -1. 0 -1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 857 1 915

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

140 7.0 4.0
120 6.5
Rate of change

3.0
Percentage
Thousands

100 6.0 2.0

80
5.5 1.0
60
40 5.0 0.0
20 4.5 -1.0
0 4.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

294 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Timor-Leste
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 9 10 9 12 14
Males (thousands) 4 5 4 6 7
Females (thousands) 5 5 5 6 7
Percentage of female migrants 50. 3 51. 1 51. 8 52. 6 52. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.1 1. 2 1. 2
Annual rate of change 1. 5 -0. 8 5. 0 3. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 5 -0. 8 5. 0 3. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 1 0 3 2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — 0 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — -8. 1

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 740 849 815 992 1 171
Males (thousands) 381 436 416 505 596
Females (thousands) 359 413 399 487 575
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 27. 3 -8. 0 39. 2 33. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 27. 3 32. 9 30. 0 31. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) — -34. 0 8. 2 2. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population — -40. 1 10. 1 2. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 217 3 244

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

16 3.0 6.0
14 2.5 5.0
Rate of change

12
Percentage
Thousands

4.0
10 2.0
3.0
8 1.5 2.0
6 1.0 1.0
4 0.0
2 0.5
-1.0
0 0.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 295

International Migration Report 2009
Togo
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 163 169 176 183 185
Males (thousands) 80 83 87 91 92
Females (thousands) 83 86 89 92 93
Percentage of female migrants 51. 0 50. 8 50. 6 50. 4 50. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 3.8 3.4 3. 1 2. 7
Annual rate of change 0. 8 0. 8 0. 7 0. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 0. 8 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 13 13 13 8

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 3 12 12 10 4
Percentage of international migrants 2. 1 6. 9 6. 9 5. 6 2. 1
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change 24. 4 0. 9 -3. 4 -19. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 27 15 34 193 229
Percentage of gross domestic product 1. 5 1. 0 2. 6 9. 2 9. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 3 926 4 432 5 247 5 992 6 780
Males (thousands) 1 940 2 191 2 594 2 964 3 357
Females (thousands) 1 986 2 241 2 653 3 028 3 423
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 24. 3 33. 8 26. 5 24. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 1 28. 4 26. 6 24. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -24. 4 25. 5 -0. 7 -1. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -6. 2 5. 8 -0. 1 -0. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 13 196 13 305

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

190 5.0 1.2
185 4.5 1.0
Rate of change

180
Percentage
Thousands

0.8
175 4.0
0.6
170 3.5 0.4
165 3.0 0.2
160 0.0
155 2.5
-0.2
150 2.0 -0.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

296 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Tokelau
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 45. 7 47. 3 49. 4 51. 2 52. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 16.7 17.6 16.9 21. 3 21. 5
Annual rate of change -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 4 -0. 1 0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 2 1 2 1 1
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -14. 0 4. 5 -46. 8 -1. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 30. 9 30. 6 21. 0 15. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 1 -0. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -43. 4 -26. 4 -60. 5 -16. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 2

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

0 22.0 0.2
21.0 0.1
Rate of change

0
Percentage
Thousands

20.0 0.0
-0.1
0 19.0
-0.2
18.0
0 -0.3
17.0
-0.4
0 16.0 -0.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 297

International Migration Report 2009
Tonga
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 2 2 1 1
Males (thousands) 2 1 1 1 0
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0
Percentage of female migrants 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7 48. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.3 1.6 1. 1 0. 8
Annual rate of change -6. 4 -6. 4 -6. 3 -6. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -6. 4 -6. 4 -6. 3 -6. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 24 .. .. 66 100
Percentage of gross domestic product 17. 8 .. .. 30. 3 40. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 95 97 99 102 104
Males (thousands) 48 49 50 52 53
Females (thousands) 47 48 49 50 51
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 5. 8 2. 5 6. 6 4. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 8 21. 9 22. 5 22. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 7 -1. 9 -1. 6 -1. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -18. 2 -19. 6 -16. 2 -17. 7
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 123 191

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

4 4.0 -6.3
3 3.5 -6.3
Rate of change

3.0
Percentage
Thousands

3 -6.3
2.5
2 -6.3
2.0
2 -6.3
1.5
1 1.0 -6.4
1 0.5 -6.4
0 0.0 -6.4
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

298 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Trinidad and Tobago
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 51 46 42 38 34
Males (thousands) 23 21 19 17 16
Females (thousands) 27 25 22 20 19
Percentage of female migrants 53. 6 53. 7 53. 8 53. 9 54. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 4.1 3.6 3.2 2. 9 2. 6
Annual rate of change -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9 -1. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -3 -3 -3 -2

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 32 38 92 109
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 1 0. 6 0. 5 0. 6 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 1 219 1 265 1 295 1 318 1 344
Males (thousands) 601 621 633 642 653
Females (thousands) 618 644 662 676 691
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 4 4. 8 3. 6 3. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 11. 2 7. 9 6. 6 6. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -4. 8 -4. 0 -4. 0 -4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 9 -3. 2 -3. 1 -3. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 1 278 1 476

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

60 5.0 -1.9
50 4.5
Rate of change

-1.9
Percentage
Thousands

40 4.0 -1.9
30 3.5 -1.9
20 3.0 -1.9
10 2.5 -1.9
0 2.0 -1.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 299

International Migration Report 2009
Tunisia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 38 38 36 35 34
Males (thousands) 19 19 18 18 17
Females (thousands) 19 19 18 17 17
Percentage of female migrants 50. 2 49. 7 49. 6 49. 5 49. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.5 0.4 0.4 0. 4 0. 3
Annual rate of change -0. 2 -0. 8 -0. 8 -0. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 2 -0. 9 -0. 6 -0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 -1 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 3 1. 2 0. 3 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 39. 7 28. 1 -32. 2 1. 7

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 551 680 796 1 393 1 716
Percentage of gross domestic product 4. 5 3. 8 4. 1 4. 8 4. 9

Population
Total (thousands) 8 215 8 935 9 452 9 878 10 374
Males (thousands) 4 152 4 512 4 770 4 973 5 216
Females (thousands) 4 063 4 423 4 682 4 905 5 158
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 16. 8 11. 3 8. 8 9. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 8 12. 5 10. 5 10. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -8. 6 -11. 1 -16. 1 -4. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 1 -1. 2 -1. 7 -0. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 12 711 12 931

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

39 3.0 0.0
38 2.5
Rate of change

37 -0.2
Percentage
Thousands

36 2.0
-0.4
35 1.5
34 1.0 -0.6
33
0.5 -0.8
32
31 0.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

300 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Turkey
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 150 1 212 1 263 1 334 1 411
Males (thousands) 569 591 607 641 677
Females (thousands) 581 621 656 693 734
Percentage of female migrants 50. 5 51. 2 51. 9 52. 0 52. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7 0. 7
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.1 2.0 1.9 1. 9 1. 9
Annual rate of change 1. 0 0. 8 1. 1 1. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 3 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 92 79 98 106

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 31 19 3 3 5
Percentage of international migrants 2. 7 1. 6 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -9. 6 -37. 1 -1. 7 11. 4

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 3 246 3 327 4 560 851 1 209
Percentage of gross domestic product 2. 2 2. 0 2. 3 0. 2 0. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 56 086 61 206 66 460 71 169 75 705
Males (thousands) 28 317 30 862 33 470 35 788 38 016
Females (thousands) 27 769 30 345 32 990 35 381 37 689
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 17. 5 16. 5 13. 7 12. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 7 16. 4 13. 9 12. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -14. 0 2. 9 -14. 2 -8. 9
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 0. 0 -0. 2 -0. 1
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1 1. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 97 389 97 276

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,600 4.0 1.4
1,400 3.5 1.2
Rate of change

1,200
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 1.0
1,000
0.8
800 2.5
600 0.6
2.0
400 0.4
200 1.5
0.2
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 301

International Migration Report 2009
Turkmenistan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 307 260 241 224 208
Males (thousands) 134 113 104 96 89
Females (thousands) 172 147 137 128 119
Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.4 6.2 5.4 4. 6 4. 0
Annual rate of change -3. 3 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 9 -1. 3 -1. 2 -0. 4
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -37 -11 -11 -10

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 19 16 13 0
Percentage of international migrants — 7. 5 6. 8 5. 6 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -3. 4 -5. 2 -67. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 3 668 4 187 4 502 4 843 5 177
Males (thousands) 1 809 2 067 2 222 2 390 2 550
Females (thousands) 1 859 2 120 2 279 2 454 2 626
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 26. 5 14. 5 14. 6 13. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 9 16. 8 15. 7 14. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 10. 0 -10. 0 -5. 0 -5. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 2. 7 -2. 4 -1. 1 -1. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 6 796 7 020

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

350 9.0 0.0
300 8.0
Rate of change

-1.0
Percentage
Thousands

250 7.0 -2.0

200
6.0 -3.0
150
100 5.0 -4.0
50 4.0 -5.0
0 3.0 -6.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

302 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Turks and Caicos Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 5 5 6 6 6
Males (thousands) 3 3 3 3 3
Females (thousands) 2 3 3 3 3
Percentage of female migrants 48. 4 48. 4 48. 5 48. 5 48. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 44.4 35.1 30.0 19. 5 19. 0
Annual rate of change 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 12 15 19 31 33
Males (thousands) 6 8 10 15 17
Females (thousands) 6 8 9 15 16
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 56. 7 41. 6 96. 2 15. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 17. 6 16. 9 17. 5 15. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 0. 5 0. 4 1. 9 —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 45. 0 27. 4 100. 7 —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 40 40

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7 1.0
43.0
6 1.0
Rate of change
Percentage

38.0
Thousands

5 1.0
4 33.0 1.0
3 1.0
28.0 1.0
2
23.0 1.0
1 1.0
0 18.0 1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 303

International Migration Report 2009
Tuvalu
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Males (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Females (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 43. 7 44. 2 44. 8 45. 4 45. 7
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.6 2.9 2.3 1. 9 1. 5
Annual rate of change -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8 -3. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 9 9 10 10 10
Males (thousands) 4 4 4 5 5
Females (thousands) 5 5 5 5 5
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 1 6. 8 4. 6 4. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 1 17. 5 15. 0 14. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -10. 8 -10. 5 -10. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 11 16

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

0 4.0 -3.7
0 3.5 -3.7
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

0 3.0 -3.8
0 -3.8
2.5
0 -3.8
0 2.0
-3.8
0 1.5
-3.8
0 1.0 -3.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

304 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Uganda
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 550 661 628 652 647
Males (thousands) 291 341 316 327 324
Females (thousands) 260 321 312 326 323
Percentage of female migrants 47. 2 48. 5 49. 7 49. 9 49. 9
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.1 3.2 2.6 2. 3 1. 9
Annual rate of change 3. 7 -1. 0 0. 7 -0. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 4 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 146 9 59 25

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 138 258 227 254 250
Percentage of international migrants 25. 0 39. 0 36. 2 38. 9 38. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 1. 4 1. 5 1. 8 1. 5
Annual rate of change 12. 5 -2. 5 2. 2 -0. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 238 322 452
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 4. 2 3. 5 3. 6

Population
Total (thousands) 17 731 20 954 24 433 28 699 33 796
Males (thousands) 8 825 10 430 12 184 14 351 16 932
Females (thousands) 8 906 10 524 12 249 14 348 16 864
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 33. 4 30. 7 32. 2 32. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 32. 1 31. 1 32. 2 33. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 24. 0 -9. 1 -1. 0 -27. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 1. 4 -0. 4 -0. 0 -0. 9
Percentage of total population 0. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 5

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 91 271 93 232

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 4.0 4.0
600 3.5
Rate of change

3.0
Percentage
Thousands

500 3.0 2.0

400
2.5 1.0
300
200 2.0 0.0
100 1.5 -1.0
0 1.0 -2.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 305

International Migration Report 2009
Ukraine
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 6 893 6 172 5 527 5 391 5 258
Males (thousands) 2 954 2 645 2 368 2 310 2 253
Females (thousands) 3 939 3 528 3 159 3 081 3 005
Percentage of female migrants 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2 57. 2
Percentage of total migrant stock 4. 4 3. 7 3. 1 2. 8 2. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 13.4 12.1 11.3 11. 5 11. 6
Annual rate of change -2. 2 -2. 2 -0. 5 -0. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -0. 5 -0. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -372 -303 181 182

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 5 3 2 7
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change — -12. 2 -3. 2 22. 2

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. 33 595 4 503
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. 0. 1 0. 7 3. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 51 583 51 063 48 870 46 936 45 433
Males (thousands) 23 856 23 681 22 633 21 677 20 944
Females (thousands) 27 726 27 383 26 237 25 260 24 489
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population -2. 0 -8. 8 -8. 1 -6. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population -2. 4 -6. 6 -7. 4 -6. 2
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 20. 1 -109. 4 -34. 6 -16. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 -2. 1 -0. 7 -0. 3
Percentage of total population 1. 0 0. 9 0. 8 0. 7 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 35 026 35 829

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

8,000 14.0 0.0
7,000 13.5
Rate of change

6,000 -0.5
Percentage
Thousands

5,000 13.0
-1.0
4,000 12.5
3,000 12.0 -1.5
2,000
11.5 -2.0
1,000
0 11.0 -2.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

306 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
United Arab Emirates
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 330 1 716 2 286 2 863 3 293
Males (thousands) 891 1 209 1 646 2 070 2 389
Females (thousands) 440 507 640 793 904
Percentage of female migrants 33. 1 29. 5 28. 0 27. 7 27. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 9 1. 0 1. 3 1. 5 1. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 71.3 70.6 70.6 70. 0 70. 0
Annual rate of change 5. 1 5. 7 4. 5 2. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 5. 1 5. 7 4. 5 2. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 401 585 595 452

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 1 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 48. 4 6. 0 -32. 5 9. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 1 867 2 432 3 238 4 089 4 707
Males (thousands) 1 222 1 607 2 186 2 782 3 157
Females (thousands) 645 825 1 052 1 307 1 550
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 52. 8 57. 3 46. 7 28. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 20. 9 16. 5 15. 0 12. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 68. 0 114. 4 115. 4 68. 6
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 36. 4 47. 0 35. 6 16. 8
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 8 253 5 631

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3,500 72.0 7.0
3,000 71.5 6.0
Rate of change
Percentage
Thousands

2,500 71.0 5.0

2,000 4.0
70.5
1,500 3.0
1,000 70.0
2.0
500 69.5
1.0
0 69.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 307

International Migration Report 2009
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 716 4 191 4 790 5 838 6 452
Males (thousands) 1 789 1 995 2 256 2 731 2 998
Females (thousands) 1 927 2 196 2 534 3 107 3 454
Percentage of female migrants 51. 9 52. 4 52. 9 53. 2 53. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 2. 4 2. 5 2. 7 3. 0 3. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.5 7.2 8.1 9. 7 10. 4
Annual rate of change 2. 4 2. 7 4. 0 2. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 2. 2 2. 4 3. 6 2. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 625 767 1 230 828

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 45 88 168 301 301
Percentage of international migrants 1. 2 2. 1 3. 5 5. 2 4. 7
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 5 1. 1 2. 2 1. 8
Annual rate of change 13. 5 12. 9 11. 7 -0. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 2 099 2 469 3 614 6 302 8 234
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3

Population
Total (thousands) 57 237 58 042 58 907 60 261 61 899
Males (thousands) 27 819 28 213 28 692 29 480 30 388
Females (thousands) 29 419 29 829 30 215 30 781 31 512
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 2. 8 3. 0 4. 5 5. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 2. 2 1. 3 1. 4 2. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 33. 5 98. 7 189. 5 189. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 6 1. 7 3. 2 3. 1
Percentage of total population 1. 1 1. 0 1. 0 0. 9 0. 9

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 72 365 61 713

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

7,000 11.0 5.0
6,000
Rate of change

10.0 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

5,000
4,000 9.0 3.0
3,000 8.0 2.0
2,000
7.0 1.0
1,000
0 6.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

308 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
United Republic of Tanzania
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 576 1 134 900 798 659
Males (thousands) 291 571 451 398 327
Females (thousands) 285 563 449 400 332
Percentage of female migrants 49. 4 49. 7 49. 9 50. 2 50. 4
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 7 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.3 3.8 2.6 2. 0 1. 5
Annual rate of change 13. 6 -4. 6 -2. 4 -3. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2 -2. 2
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 590 -173 -58 -105

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 265 856 652 575 460
Percentage of international migrants 46. 0 75. 5 72. 4 72. 1 69. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 4 4. 6 4. 2 4. 2 2. 8
Annual rate of change 23. 4 -5. 5 -2. 5 -4. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. 1 8 18 14
Percentage of gross domestic product .. 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 25 455 29 972 34 131 39 007 45 040
Males (thousands) 12 601 14 847 16 932 19 406 22 466
Females (thousands) 12 854 15 125 17 199 19 601 22 574
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 7 26. 0 26. 7 28. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 3 27. 2 28. 6 30. 1
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 118. 3 -41. 2 -69. 0 -60. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 4. 6 -1. 4 -2. 0 -1. 5
Percentage of total population 0. 5 0. 5 0. 6 0. 6 0. 7

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 109 450 111 309

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,200 4.0 15.0
1,000 3.5
Rate of change

10.0
Percentage
Thousands

800 3.0
5.0
600 2.5
400 2.0 0.0

200 1.5 -5.0

0 1.0 -10.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 309

International Migration Report 2009
United States of America
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 23 251 28 522 34 814 39 266 42 813
Males (thousands) 11 373 14 069 17 311 19 583 21 507
Females (thousands) 11 878 14 453 17 503 19 683 21 306
Percentage of female migrants 51. 1 50. 7 50. 3 50. 1 49. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 15. 0 17. 2 19. 5 20. 1 20. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.1 10.5 12.1 13. 0 13. 5
Annual rate of change 4. 1 4. 0 2. 4 1. 7
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 0 4. 1 2. 5 1. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 6 018 7 125 5 478 4 688

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 438 627 515 400 562
Percentage of international migrants 1. 9 2. 2 1. 5 1. 0 1. 3
Percentage of total refugee population 2. 4 3. 4 3. 3 2. 9 3. 4
Annual rate of change 7. 2 -4. 0 -5. 0 6. 8

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 170 2 179 2 835 2 890 2 972
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Population
Total (thousands) 254 865 270 648 287 842 302 741 317 641
Males (thousands) 125 002 132 830 141 583 149 149 156 794
Females (thousands) 129 863 137 818 146 259 153 591 160 847
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 12. 0 12. 3 10. 1 9. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 7. 0 6. 6 6. 2 6. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 1313. 0 1596. 0 1135. 2 1010. 4
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 5. 2 5. 9 3. 9 3. 3
Percentage of total population 4. 8 4. 7 4. 7 4. 6 4. 6

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 403 932 344 720

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

50,000 14.0 5.0
13.0
Rate of change

40,000 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

12.0
30,000 3.0
11.0
20,000 2.0
10.0
10,000 9.0 1.0
0 8.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

310 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
United States Virgin Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 52 54 57 59 62
Males (thousands) 25 26 27 28 29
Females (thousands) 27 29 30 31 33
Percentage of female migrants 52. 2 52. 5 52. 8 53. 0 53. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 50.4 50.8 52.3 54. 0 56. 5
Annual rate of change 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 3 3 4 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 103 107 109 110 109
Males (thousands) 50 51 52 52 52
Females (thousands) 53 56 57 58 58
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 2 2. 8 2. 1 -0. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 18. 2 12. 3 8. 7 6. 6
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -1. 2 -1. 0 -0. 7 -0. 8
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -11. 2 -9. 5 -6. 7 -7. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 75 119

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

64 57.0 0.9
62 56.0
Rate of change

60 0.9
Percentage
Thousands

58 55.0
0.9
56 54.0
54 53.0 0.9
52 52.0 0.9
50
48 51.0 0.9
46 50.0 0.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 311

International Migration Report 2009
Uruguay
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 98 93 89 84 80
Males (thousands) 46 43 41 39 37
Females (thousands) 53 50 48 45 43
Percentage of female migrants 53. 5 53. 7 54. 0 54. 0 54. 0
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.2 2.9 2.7 2. 5 2. 4
Annual rate of change -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -1 -1 -1 -1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 0 0 0 0 0
Percentage of international migrants 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 2
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change 4. 3 -7. 9 5. 5 4. 0

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 77 96
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 0. 5 0. 4

Population
Total (thousands) 3 110 3 224 3 321 3 325 3 372
Males (thousands) 1 508 1 562 1 607 1 605 1 628
Females (thousands) 1 602 1 662 1 714 1 720 1 745
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 7. 2 5. 9 0. 3 2. 8
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 8. 5 7. 5 6. 5 5. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -4. 0 -5. 2 -20. 8 -10. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 3 -1. 6 -6. 3 -3. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 3 637 3 814

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

120 5.0 -1.0
100 4.5
Rate of change

-1.0
Percentage
Thousands

80 4.0 -1.0
60 3.5 -1.0
40 3.0 -1.0
20 2.5 -1.0
0 2.0 -1.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

312 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Uzbekistan
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 653 1 474 1 367 1 268 1 176
Males (thousands) 724 642 589 545 505
Females (thousands) 929 832 778 723 671
Percentage of female migrants 56. 2 56. 5 56. 9 57. 0 57. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 1. 1 0. 9 0. 8 0. 6 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 8.1 6.4 5.5 4. 8 4. 2
Annual rate of change -2. 3 -1. 5 -1. 5 -1. 5
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -2. 4 -1. 7 -1. 9 -0. 8
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -135 -71 -67 -62

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — 5 20 44 1
Percentage of international migrants — 0. 4 1. 4 3. 5 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — 0. 0 0. 1 0. 3 0. 0
Annual rate of change — 26. 2 16. 2 -71. 6

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 20 515 22 919 24 776 26 320 27 794
Males (thousands) 10 141 11 370 12 316 13 086 13 815
Females (thousands) 10 374 11 550 12 459 13 233 13 979
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 2 15. 6 12. 1 10. 9
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 25. 3 18. 9 15. 2 13. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -68. 1 -80. 0 -80. 0 -80. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 3 -3. 5 -3. 2 -3. 0
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 36 439 38 685

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

2,000 9.0 0.0
Rate of change

8.0 -0.5
1,500
Percentage
Thousands

7.0 -1.0
1,000
6.0 -1.5
500
5.0 -2.0
0 4.0 -2.5
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 313

International Migration Report 2009
Vanuatu
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 2 2 1 1 1
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 0
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 0 0
Percentage of female migrants 45. 2 45. 7 46. 3 46. 5 46. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.4 1.0 0.7 0. 5 0. 3
Annual rate of change -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9 -4. 9
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -0 -0 -0 -0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — 0
Percentage of international migrants — — — — 0. 1
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — 0. 0
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 8 13 35 5 6
Percentage of gross domestic product 5. 2 5. 3 14. 3 1. 4 1. 2

Population
Total (thousands) 149 172 190 216 246
Males (thousands) 77 88 97 111 125
Females (thousands) 72 84 93 106 120
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 4 19. 4 26. 3 25. 4
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 29. 4 27. 2 26. 3 25. 4
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -1. 4 — —
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -1. 2 -8. 3 — —
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 482 482

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3 3.0 -4.8
2.5 -4.9
Rate of change

2 -4.9
Percentage
Thousands

2.0 -4.9
2
1.5 -4.9
1 -4.9
1.0 -4.9
1 0.5 -4.9
-4.9
0 0.0 -4.9
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

314 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 024 1 019 1 015 1 011 1 007
Males (thousands) 517 513 510 506 503
Females (thousands) 506 506 506 505 504
Percentage of female migrants 49. 5 49. 6 49. 8 49. 9 50. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 7 0. 6 0. 6 0. 5 0. 5
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 5.2 4.6 4.2 3. 8 3. 5
Annual rate of change -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1 -0. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 1 -0. 0 -0. 1 -4. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 14 15 15 15

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 2 2 0 0 201
Percentage of international migrants 0. 2 0. 2 0. 0 0. 0 19. 9
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 1. 2
Annual rate of change -0. 4 -49. 4 14. 2 128. 5

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 2 17 148 136
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 19 741 22 092 24 408 26 726 29 044
Males (thousands) 9 958 11 133 12 284 13 432 14 576
Females (thousands) 9 782 10 960 12 124 13 294 14 468
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 5 19. 9 18. 1 16. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 1 19. 6 17. 8 16. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0 8. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 0. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 42 042 41 611

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

1,030 6.0 0.0
1,025 5.5
Rate of change

-1.0
Percentage
Thousands

1,020 5.0
1,015 -2.0
4.5
1,010
4.0 -3.0
1,005
1,000 3.5 -4.0
995 3.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 315

International Migration Report 2009
Viet Nam
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 29 39 56 55 69
Males (thousands) 16 23 36 35 44
Females (thousands) 13 16 21 20 25
Percentage of female migrants 45. 0 40. 6 36. 6 36. 6 36. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 0.0 0.1 0.1 0. 1 0. 1
Annual rate of change 5. 6 7. 3 -0. 6 4. 8
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 19. 3 15. 0 5. 0 5. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 10 18 -0 16

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 22 20 15 2 2
Percentage of international migrants 75. 1 50. 7 27. 6 4. 3 3. 4
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 0. 0 0. 0
Annual rate of change -2. 3 -4. 8 -37. 6 —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 4 000 5 500
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 7. 6 7. 7

Population
Total (thousands) 66 247 72 957 78 663 84 074 89 029
Males (thousands) 32 055 35 515 38 532 41 348 44 011
Females (thousands) 34 192 37 442 40 131 42 726 45 018
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 19. 3 15. 1 13. 3 11. 5
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 21. 7 15. 6 13. 8 11. 9
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -168. 1 -40. 0 -40. 0 -40. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -2. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5 -0. 5
Percentage of total population 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3 1. 3

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 111 666 113 667

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

80 2.0 25.0
70 1.5
Rate of change

20.0
60
Percentage
Thousands

50 1.0 15.0
40 0.5 10.0
30 0.0 5.0
20
10 -0.5 0.0
0 -1.0 -5.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign citizens.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

316 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Wallis and Futuna Islands
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3
Males (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 1 1
Percentage of female migrants 48. 3 49. 5 49. 5 49. 5 49. 5
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 9.6 11.8 13.7 15. 9 18. 1
Annual rate of change 4. 8 3. 5 3. 3 3. 3
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 4. 8 3. 5 3. 3 3. 3
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 0 0

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 14 14 15 15 15
Males (thousands) 7 7 7 7 8
Females (thousands) 7 7 7 7 8
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 6. 7 4. 9 3. 2 7. 0
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 22. 5 15. 1 13. 3 12. 3
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -0. 2 -0. 1 -0. 2 -0. 1
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -16. 1 -10. 3 -10. 2 -5. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 17 21

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

3 19.0 5.0
3
Rate of change

17.0 4.0
Percentage
Thousands

2
15.0 3.0
2
13.0 2.0
1
1 11.0 1.0
0 9.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 317

International Migration Report 2009
Western Sahara
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 3 3 3 4 4
Males (thousands) 1 2 2 2 3
Females (thousands) 1 1 1 2 2
Percentage of female migrants 45. 5 45. 0 44. 1 43. 2 43. 1
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 1.2 1.1 1.0 0. 9 0. 8
Annual rate of change 1. 8 2. 2 3. 8 2. 1
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 8 2. 2 3. 8 2. 1
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 0 0 1 1

Refugees b
Total (thousands) — — — — —
Percentage of international migrants — — — — —
Percentage of total refugee population — — — — —
Annual rate of change — — — —

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 221 259 315 440 530
Males (thousands) 116 135 166 234 280
Females (thousands) 105 124 149 207 250
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 32. 0 39. 3 66. 8 37. 2
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 23. 2 20. 6 18. 6 17. 5
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 2. 1 5. 3 18. 0 9. 5
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 9. 4 20. 6 57. 1 21. 6
Percentage of total population 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 0

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 938 763

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

5 3.0 4.0
2.5 3.5
Rate of change

4
Percentage
Thousands

3.0
2.0
3 2.5
1.5 2.0
2
1.0 1.5
1 1.0
0.5
0.5
0 0.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimate based on imputation.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

318 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Yemen
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 344 378 414 455 518
Males (thousands) 212 233 255 281 320
Females (thousands) 131 145 158 174 198
Percentage of female migrants 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3 38. 3
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 2.8 2.4 2.3 2. 2 2. 1
Annual rate of change 1. 9 1. 8 1. 9 2. 6
Annual rate of change excluding refugees 1. 6 1. 5 1. 5 1. 5
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 49 50 55 75

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 42 51 61 74 107
Percentage of international migrants 12. 1 13. 5 14. 6 16. 3 20. 6
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 7
Annual rate of change 4. 1 3. 5 4. 1 7. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 498 1 080 1 288 1 283 1 322
Percentage of gross domestic product 43. 3 20. 7 13. 4 7. 6 6. 1

Population
Total (thousands) 12 314 15 523 18 182 21 024 24 256
Males (thousands) 6 206 7 874 9 213 10 640 12 262
Females (thousands) 6 108 7 649 8 969 10 384 11 994
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 46. 3 31. 6 29. 0 28. 6
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 36. 8 32. 7 30. 0 29. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) 130. 0 -20. 0 -20. 0 -27. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population 10. 6 -1. 3 -1. 1 -1. 3
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 53 689 54 846

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

600 4.0 3.0
500 3.5
Rate of change

2.5
Percentage
Thousands

400 3.0 2.0

300 2.5 1.5
200 2.0 1.0
100 1.5 0.5
0 1.0 0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 319

International Migration Report 2009
Zambia
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 280 271 357 287 233
Males (thousands) 144 139 182 145 117
Females (thousands) 136 132 176 142 116
Percentage of female migrants 48. 6 48. 9 49. 1 49. 4 49. 6
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 1 0. 1
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 3.5 3.0 3.4 2. 4 1. 8
Annual rate of change -0. 7 5. 5 -4. 4 -4. 2
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) 7 105 -44 -36

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 138 136 229 165 117
Percentage of international migrants 49. 2 50. 0 64. 0 57. 4 50. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 0. 7 0. 7 1. 5 1. 2 0. 7
Annual rate of change -0. 3 10. 5 -6. 5 -6. 9

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) .. .. .. 53 59
Percentage of gross domestic product .. .. .. 0. 7 0. 5

Population
Total (thousands) 7 910 9 108 10 467 11 738 13 257
Males (thousands) 3 934 4 529 5 204 5 845 6 616
Females (thousands) 3 976 4 579 5 263 5 893 6 641
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 28. 2 27. 8 22. 9 24. 3
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 28. 4 26. 1 24. 4 25. 7
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -2. 2 16. 7 -16. 3 -17. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -0. 3 1. 8 -1. 6 -1. 4
Percentage of total population 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 28 957 29 209

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

400 4.0 8.0
350 3.5 6.0
Rate of change

300
Percentage
Thousands

3.0 4.0
250
2.0
200 2.5
150 0.0
2.0
100 -2.0
50 1.5
-4.0
0 1.0 -6.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

320 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
Zimbabwe
Year / 1990 1995 / 2000 / 2005 / 2010 /
Indicator
Period 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010

International migrants a
Total (thousands) 627 433 411 391 372
Males (thousands) 390 269 256 243 232
Females (thousands) 237 163 156 148 141
Percentage of female migrants 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8 37. 8
Percentage of total migrant stock 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2
Migrants as a percentage of the total population 6.0 3.7 3.3 3. 1 2. 9
Annual rate of change -7. 4 -1. 0 -1. 0 -1. 0
Annual rate of change excluding refugees -0. 6 -1. 1 -1. 4 -0. 7
Net migration of foreign born (thousands) -172 3 8 4

Refugees b
Total (thousands) 183 1 3 10 4
Percentage of international migrants 29. 2 0. 3 0. 8 2. 6 1. 0
Percentage of total refugee population 1. 0 0. 0 0. 0 0. 1 0. 0
Annual rate of change -98. 1 16. 5 24. 2 -20. 3

Remittances c (US dollars)

Total (millions) 1 .. .. .. ..
Percentage of gross domestic product 0. 0 .. .. .. ..

Population
Total (thousands) 10 461 11 713 12 455 12 475 12 644
Males (thousands) 5 201 5 784 6 095 6 049 6 118
Females (thousands) 5 260 5 929 6 361 6 426 6 526
Annual rate of change per 1,000 population 22. 6 12. 3 0. 3 2. 7
Annual rate of natural increase per 1,000 population 26. 0 17. 2 11. 5 13. 8
Total net migration (thousands - annual average) -38. 4 -60. 0 -140. 0 -140. 0
Annual net migration rate per 1,000 population -3. 7 -5. 1 -11. 2 -11. 2
Percentage of total population 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 0. 2

Projected population in 2050 (UN medium variant) with migration without migration
Total population (thousands) 22 178 21 581

International migrants Migrants annual rate of change

700 6.0 0.0
600 5.5 -1.0
Rate of change

5.0
Percentage
Thousands

500 -2.0
4.5 -3.0
400
4.0 -4.0
300
3.5 -5.0
200 3.0 -6.0
100 2.5 -7.0
0 2.0 -8.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 1990-95 1995-00 2000-05 2005-10

International migrants (thousands) Total migrants

Percentage of total population Migrants excluding refugees

a
Estimated number of foreign-born persons.
b
Estimates prepared by the United Nations Population Division based on data supplied by the United Nations High Commisioner for Refugees.
c
Based on data compiled by the World Bank. Data reported under 2010 refer to 2007.

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 321

International Migration Report 2009
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ANNEX
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 I. STATE PARTIES TO INSTRUMENTS RELEVANT TO INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
(AS OF 1 JULY 2009)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

World.......................................................................... 49 23 144 145 41 131 119

Africa.......................................................................... 10 7 48 48 16 36 33
Eastern Africa............................................................ 6 2 14 13 3 10 10
Burundi........................................................................ … … 1963 1971 … … …
Comoros ...................................................................... … … … … … … …
Djibouti ....................................................................... … … 1977 1977 … 2005 2005
Eritrea.......................................................................... … … … … … … …
Ethiopia ....................................................................... … … 1969 1969 … … …
Kenya .......................................................................... 1965 1979 1966 1981 … 2005 2005
Madagascar.................................................................. 2001 … 1967 … … 2005 2005
Malawi......................................................................... 1965 … 1987 1987 … 2005 2005
Mauritius ..................................................................... 1969 … … … … 2003 2003
Mayotte ....................................................................... - - - - - - -
Mozambique................................................................ … … 1983 1989 … 2006 2006
Réunion ....................................................................... - - - - - - -
Rwanda........................................................................ … … 1980 1980 2008 2003 2006
Seychelles.................................................................... … … 1980 1980 1994 2004 2004
Somalia........................................................................ … … 1978 1978 … … …
Uganda ........................................................................ … 1978 1976 1976 1995 … …
United Republic of Tanzania ....................................... 1964 … 1964 1968 … 2006 2006
Zambia......................................................................... 1964 … 1969 1969 … 2005 2005
Zimbabwe.................................................................... … … 1981 1981 … … …

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 325

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Middle Africa............................................................. 1 1 9 9 — 5 4
Angola ......................................................................... … … 1981 1981 … … …
Cameroon .................................................................... 1962 1978 1961 1967 … 2006 2006
Central African Republic............................................. … … 1962 1967 … 2006 2006
Chad ............................................................................ … … 1981 1981 … … …
Congo .......................................................................... … … 1962 1970 … … …
Democratic Republic of the Congo ............................. … … 1965 1975 … 2005 2005
Equatorial Guinea........................................................ … … 1986 1986 … 2003 …
Gabon .......................................................................... … … 1964 1973 … … …
Sao Tome and Principe................................................ … … 1978 1978 … 2006 2006

Northern Africa ......................................................... 1 — 5 5 4 4 4

Algeria......................................................................... 1962 … 1963 1967 2005 2004 2004
Egypt ........................................................................... … … 1981 1981 1993 2004 2005
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya .............................................. … … 2004 2004 2004
Morocco ...................................................................... … … 1956 1971 1993 … …
Sudan........................................................................... … … 1974 1974 … … …
Tunisia......................................................................... … … 1957 1968 … 2003 2003
Western Sahara............................................................ - - - - - - -
Southern Africa ......................................................... — — 5 5 1 4 4
Botswana ..................................................................... … … 1969 1969 … 2002 2002
Lesotho........................................................................ … … 1981 1981 2005 2003 2004
Namibia ....................................................................... … … 1995 1995 … 2002 2002
South Africa ................................................................ … … 1996 1996 … 2004 2004
Swaziland .................................................................... … … 2000 1969 … … …

326 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Western Africa........................................................... 2 4 15 16 8 13 11
Benin ........................................................................... … 1980 1962 1970 … 2004 2004
Burkina Faso ............................................................... 1961 1977 1980 1980 2003 2002 2002
Cape Verde.................................................................. … … … 1987 1997 2004 2004
Côte d'Ivoire ................................................................ … … 1961 1970 … … …
Gambia ........................................................................ … … 1966 1967 … 2003 2003
Ghana .......................................................................... … … 1963 1968 2000 … …
Guinea ......................................................................... … 1978 1965 1968 2000 2004 2005
Guinea-Bissau ............................................................. … … 1976 1976 … 2007 …
Liberia ......................................................................... … … 1964 1980 … 2004 2004
Mali ............................................................................. … … 1973 1973 2003 2002 2002
Mauritania ................................................................... … … 1987 1987 2007 2005 2005
Niger............................................................................ … … 1961 1970 2009 2004 2009
Nigeria......................................................................... 1960 … 1967 1968 … 2001 2001
Saint Helena ................................................................ - - - - - - -
Senegal ........................................................................ … … 1963 1967 1999 2003 2003
Sierra Leone ................................................................ … … 1981 1981 … … …
Togo ............................................................................ … 1983 1962 1969 … 2009 …
Asia ............................................................................. 7 4 19 19 8 27 21
Central Asia ............................................................... 2 1 4 4 2 5 4
Kazakhstan .................................................................. … … 1999 1999 2008 2008
Kyrgyzstan .................................................................. 2008 … 1996 1996 2003 2003 2003
Tajikistan..................................................................... 2007 2007 1993 1993 2002 2002 2002
Turkmenistan............................................................... … … 1998 1998 … 2005 2005
Uzbekistan................................................................... … … … … … 2008 …

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 327

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Eastern Asia ............................................................... — — 3 3 — 1 1

China ........................................................................... … … 1982 1982 … … …
China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ..... - - - - - - -
China, Macao Special Administrative Region............. - - - - - - -
Democratic People's Republic of Korea ...................... … … … … … … …
Japan............................................................................ … … 1981 1982 … … …
Mongolia ..................................................................... … … … … … 2008 2008
Republic of Korea ....................................................... … … 1992 1992 … … …
South-Eastern Asia.................................................... 2 1 3 3 2 5 4
Brunei Darussalam ...................................................... … … … … … … …
Cambodia .................................................................... … … 1992 1992 … 2007 2005
Indonesia ..................................................................... … … … … … … …
Lao People's Democratic Republic.............................. … … … … … 2003 2003
Malaysia ...................................................................... 1964 … … … … 2009 …
Myanmar ..................................................................... … … … … … 2004 2004
Philippines................................................................... 2009 2006 1981 1981 1995 2002 2002
Singapore..................................................................... … … … … … … …
Thailand....................................................................... … … … … … … …
Timor-Leste................................................................. … … 2003 2003 2004 … …
Viet Nam ..................................................................... … … … … … … …
Southern Asia............................................................. — — 2 2 1 — —
Afghanistan ................................................................. … … 2005 2005 … … …
Bangladesh .................................................................. … … … … … … …
Bhutan ......................................................................... … … … … … … …
India............................................................................. … … … … … … …
Iran (Islamic Republic of)............................................ … … 1976 1976 … … …
Maldives ...................................................................... … … … … … … …
Nepal ........................................................................... … … … … … … …
Pakistan ....................................................................... … … … … … … …
Sri Lanka ..................................................................... … … … … 1996 … …

328 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Western Asia .............................................................. 3 2 7 7 3 16 12

Armenia....................................................................... 2006 2006 1993 1993 … 2003 2003
Azerbaijan ................................................................... … … 1993 1993 1999 2003 2003
Bahrain ........................................................................ … … … … … 2004 2004
Cyprus ......................................................................... 1960 1977 1963 1968 … 2003 2003
Georgia ........................................................................ … … 1999 1999 … 2006 2006
Iraq .............................................................................. … … … … … 2009 2009
Israel............................................................................ 1953 … 1954 1968 … 2008 …
Jordan .......................................................................... … … … … … 2009 …
Kuwait ......................................................................... … … … … … 2006 2006
Lebanon....................................................................... … … … … … 2005 2005
Occupied Palestinian Territory .................................... - - - - - - -
Oman ........................................................................... … … … … … 2005 2005
Qatar............................................................................ … … … … … 2009 …
Saudi Arabia ................................................................ … … … … … 2007 2007
Syrian Arab Republic .................................................. … … … … 2005 2009 2009
Turkey ......................................................................... … … 1962 1968 2004 2003 2003
United Arab Emirates .................................................. … … … … … 2009 …
Yemen ......................................................................... … … 1980 1980 … …
Europe ........................................................................ 16 11 42 42 2 37 36
Eastern Europe .......................................................... 1 — 10 10 — 9 9
Belarus......................................................................... … … 2001 2001 … 2003 2003
Bulgaria ....................................................................... … … 1993 1993 … 2001 2001
Czech Republic............................................................ … … 1993 1993 … …
Hungary....................................................................... … … 1989 1989 … 2006 2006
Poland.......................................................................... … … 1991 1991 … 2003 2003

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 329

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Republic of Moldova................................................... 2005 … 2002 2002 … 2005 2006

Romania ...................................................................... … … 1991 1991 … 2002 2002
Russian Federation ...................................................... … … 1993 1993 … 2004 2004
Slovakia....................................................................... … … 1993 1993 … 2004 2004
Ukraine ........................................................................ … … 2002 2002 … 2004 2004
Northern Europe ....................................................... 2 2 10 10 — 8 8
Channel Islands ........................................................... - - - - - - -
Denmark ...................................................................... … … 1952 1968 … 2003 2006
Estonia......................................................................... … … 1997 1997 … 2004 2004
Faeroe Islands.............................................................. - - - - - - -
Finland......................................................................... … … 1968 1968 … 2006 2006
Iceland ......................................................................... … … 1955 1968 … … …
Ireland ......................................................................... … … 1956 1968 … … …
Isle of Man .................................................................. - - - - - - -
Latvia........................................................................... … … 1997 1997 … 2004 2003
Lithuania...................................................................... … … 1997 1997 … 2003 2003
Norway ........................................................................ 1955 1979 1953 1967 … 2003 2003
Sweden ........................................................................ … 1982 1954 1967 … 2004 2006
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland................................................................... 1951 … 1954 1968 … 2006 2006
Southern Europe........................................................ 9 9 13 13 2 11 11
Albania ........................................................................ 2005 2006 1992 1992 2007 2002 2002
Andorra ....................................................................... … … … … … … …
Bosnia and Herzegovina.............................................. 1993 1993 1993 1993 1996 2002 2002
Croatia ......................................................................... … … 1992 1992 … 2003 2003
Gibraltar ...................................................................... - - - - - - -
Greece ......................................................................... … … 1960 1968 … … …
Holy See ...................................................................... - - 1956 1967 - - -

330 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Italy ............................................................................. 1952 1981 1954 1972 … 2006 2006

Malta ........................................................................... … … 1971 1971 … 2003 2003
Montenegro ................................................................. 2006 2006 2006 2006 … 2006 2006
Portugal ....................................................................... 1978 1978 1960 1976 … 2004 2004
San Marino .................................................................. … 1985 … … … … …
Serbia........................................................................... 2000 2000 2001 2001 … 2001 2001
Slovenia....................................................................... 1992 1992 1992 1992 … 2004 2004
Spain............................................................................ 1967 … 1978 1978 … 2002 2002
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia............. 1991 1991 1994 1994 2005 2005
Western Europe ......................................................... 4 — 9 9 — 9 8
Austria ......................................................................... … … 1954 1973 … 2005 2007
Belgium ....................................................................... 1953 … 1953 1969 … 2004 2004
France.......................................................................... 1954 … 1954 1971 … 2002 2002
Germany ...................................................................... 1959 … 1953 1969 … 2006 2006
Liechtenstein ............................................................... … … 1957 1968 … 2008 2008
Luxembourg ................................................................ … … 1953 1971 … 2009 …
Monaco........................................................................ … … 1954 2010 … 2001 2001
Netherlands.................................................................. 1952 … 1956 1968 … 2005 2005
Switzerland.................................................................. … … 1955 1968 … 2006 2006
Latin America and the Caribbean ........................... 15 1 27 27 15 26 24
Caribbean................................................................... 8 — 9 8 1 6 6
Anguilla....................................................................... - - - - - - -
Antigua and Barbuda................................................... … … 1995 1995 … … …
Aruba........................................................................... - - - - - - -
Bahamas ...................................................................... 1976 … 1993 1993 … 2008 2008
Barbados...................................................................... 1967 … … … … … …
British Virgin Islands .................................................. - - - - - - -
Cayman Islands ........................................................... - - - - - - -
Cuba ............................................................................ 1952 … … … … … …

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 331

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Dominica ..................................................................... 1983 … 1994 1994 … … …

Dominican Republic.................................................... … … 1978 1978 … 2008 2007
Grenada ....................................................................... 1979 … … … … 2004 2004
Guadeloupe.................................................................. - - - - - - -
Haiti............................................................................. … … 1984 1984 … … …
Jamaica ........................................................................ 1962 … 1964 1980 2008 2003 2003
Martinique ................................................................... - - - - - - -
Montserrat ................................................................... - - - - - - -
Netherlands Antilles .................................................... - - - - - - -
Puerto Rico.................................................................. - - - - - - -
Saint Kitts and Nevis ................................................... … … 2002 … … 2004 2004
Saint Lucia................................................................... 1980 … … … … … …
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines................................ … … 1993 2003 … … …
Trinidad and Tobago ................................................... 1963 … 2000 2000 … 2007 2007
Turks and Caicos Islands............................................. - - - - - - -
United States Virgin Islands ........................................ - - - - - - -
Central America ........................................................ 2 — 8 8 6 8 8
Belize........................................................................... 1983 … 1990 1990 2001 2003 2006
Costa Rica ................................................................... … … 1978 1978 … 2003 2003
El Salvador .................................................................. … … 1983 1983 2003 2004 2004
Guatemala.................................................................... 1952 … 1983 1983 2003 2004 2004
Honduras ..................................................................... … … 1992 1992 2005 2008 2008
Mexico......................................................................... … … 2000 2000 1999 2003 2003
Nicaragua .................................................................... … … 1980 1980 2005 2004 2006
Panama ........................................................................ … … 1978 1978 … 2004 2004

332 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

South America ........................................................... 5 1 10 11 8 12 10

Argentina..................................................................... … … 1961 1967 2007 2002 2002
Bolivia (Plurinational State of).................................... 1983 1983 1982 1982 2000 2006 …
Brazil ........................................................................... 1965 … 1960 1972 … 2004 2004
Chile ............................................................................ … … 1972 1972 2005 2004 2004
Colombia ..................................................................... … … 1961 1980 1995 2004 …
Ecuador ....................................................................... 1978 … 1955 1969 2002 2002 2002
Falkland Islands (Malvinas) ........................................ - - - - - - -
French Guiana ............................................................. - - - - - - -
Guyana ........................................................................ 1966 … … … … 2004 2008
Paraguay ...................................................................... … … 1970 1970 2008 2004 2008
Peru ............................................................................. … … 1964 1983 2005 2002 2002
Suriname...................................................................... … … 1978 1978 … 2007 2007
Uruguay....................................................................... 1954 … 1970 1970 2001 2005 2005
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) ............................ … … … 1986 … 2002 2005
Northern America ..................................................... — — 1 2 — 2 2
Bermuda ...................................................................... - - - - - - -
Canada......................................................................... … … 1969 1969 … 2002 2002
Greenland .................................................................... - - - - - - -
Saint Pierre and Miquelon ........................................... - - - - - - -
United States of America............................................. …. … … 1968 … 2005 2005
Oceania....................................................................... 1 — 7 7 — 3 3
Australia and New Zealand ...................................... 1 — 2 2 — 2 2
Australia ...................................................................... … … 1954 1973 … 2005 2004
New Zealand ............................................................... 1950 … 1960 1973 … 2002 2002

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division 333

International Migration Report 2009
 I. STATE PARTIES TO UNITED NATIONS LEGAL INSTRUMENTS (AS OF 1 JULY 2009) (continued)

1975 ILO Convention

concerning Migrations
in Abusive Conditions
1949 ILO and the Promotion of 1990 International 2000 Protocol to
Convention Equality of Convention on the Prevent, Suppress 2000 Protocol
concerning Opportunity and Protection of the and Punish against the
Migration for Treatment of Migrant 1951 Convention 1967 Protocol Rights of All Migrant Trafficking in Smuggling of
Employment Workers Relating to the Relating to the Workers and Persons, Migrants by
(Revised) (Supplementary Status Status of Members of their Especially Women Land, Sea and
(No. 97) Provisions) (No. 143) of Refugees Refugees Families and Children Air

Melanesia.................................................................... — — 3 3 — — —
Fiji ............................................................................... … … 1972 1972 … … …
New Caledonia ............................................................ - - - - - - -
Papua New Guinea ...................................................... … … 1986 1986 … … …
Solomon Islands .......................................................... … … 1995 1995 … … …
Vanuatu ....................................................................... … … … … … … …
Micronesia.................................................................. — — — — — 1 1
Guam ........................................................................... - - - - - - -
Kiribati ........................................................................ … … … … … 2005 2005
Marshall Islands .......................................................... … … … … … … …
Micronesia (Federated States of) ................................. … … … … … … …
Nauru........................................................................... … … … … … … …
Northern Mariana Islands ............................................ - - - - - - -
Palau............................................................................ … … … … … … …
Polynesia..................................................................... — — 2 2 — — —
American Samoa ......................................................... - - - - - - -
Cook Islands................................................................ - - - - - - -
French Polynesia ......................................................... - - - - - - -
Niue ............................................................................. - - - - - - -
Pitcairn ........................................................................ - - - - - - -
Samoa .......................................................................... … … 1988 1994 … … …
Tokelau........................................................................ - - - - - - -
Tonga........................................................................... … … … … … … …
Tuvalu ......................................................................... … … 1986 1986 … … …
Wallis and Futuna Islands............................................ - - - - - - -

Source: United Nations Treaty Collection; see http://treaties.un.org (as of 1 July 2009).

334 United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division

International Migration Report 2009