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PHYSICS PROJECT

ON
Full Wave Rectifier
2016-2017

Name – KARTIK MISHRA


Class – XII Sec – E
School Roll No –10
Board Roll No – 5699682
School – KVIIT KANPUR
INDEX

1.AIM

2.ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3.CERTIFICATE

4.INTRODUCTION

5.MATERIALS REQUIRED

6.CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

7.WORKING

8.BIBLOGRAPHY
AIM

“To construct a full wave


rectifier and show that
Alternating Current is
rectified into a Direct
Current”
Acknowledgement
I would like to express a deep sense of thanks and
gratitude to my PHYSICS teacher Mr. AK Sharma Sir
for guiding me immensely through the course
of the project. He always evinced keen interest in
my work. Her constructive advice and constant
motivationhave been responsible for the
successful completion ofthis project.

My sincere thanks goes to Shri R.N. Wadalkar , our


principal sir, for this coordination in extending
every possible support for the completion of this
project. I also thank to my parents for their
motivation and support.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank all those
who had helped directly or indirectly towards the
CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT KARTIK MISHRA OF
CLASS XII-E HAS PREPARED THE PROJECT
ENTITLED ‘FULL WAVE RECTIFIER’. THE
PROJECT IS THE RESULT OF HIS EFFORTS AND
ENDEAVOURS. THE PROJECT IS FOUND
WORTHY OF ACCEPTANCE AS FINAL PROJECT
THE PROJECT HE HAS PREPARED THE REPORT
UNDER MY GUIDANCE

(Mr. R.N. Wadalkar) (Mr. AK Sharma)


The Principal (PHYSICS)
Kendriya Vidyalaya, Kendriya Vidyalaya,
IIT Kanpur IIT Kanpur
Introduction
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to
rectify all thealternating current components in
an alternating supply and make it purely a direct
current. The two alternating halvesof an
alternation current are rectified in a full wave
rectifierwhich is an advantage over a half wave
rectifier. Mostelectronic devices cannot withstand
very high voltage or alternatingcurrent due to its
intense high power. The use of
batteriesin all devices is not practical
as their replacement and durability is a huge
problem as the device has to be dismantled each
time forsuch a replacement. So these rectifiers
are used in most of theelectronic devices like TV’s,
Radios, Chargers,
and Lightings etc.
Materials required

1.Connecting wires
2.A plug
3.Single lead wire - 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A Transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor (1 K Ω )
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11. Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,
soldering lead, soldering iron &sand paper
circuit diagram

Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C.
supply is given to both theinput wires of the
transformer and the two ends of the
secondary coil is given to the P side of the two
diodes and theN sideof the diodes are twined and
then connected to one end of thecapacitor and the
other end to the center tap lead and to
theresistor.Further, the other end of capacitor
with the diode connect ion isconnected to the
other end of the resistor. Connect 2 leads on both
theends of the resistor to measure the output and
this is connected to the +ve & -veterminals of the
bulb.
Working

1st when the A.C. is supplied to thetransformer, it


steps down the 230V mainsupply to 6 volts. It has
a capability of delivering acurrent of 500mA. The
6 volts A.C. appearingacross the secondary is the
RMS value and thepeak value is 8.4 volts. During
the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode D1 is
forward biased and a current ‘I’ flows inthe
circuit in the directionS1D1 ABEOS1. During this
time diode D2is reverse biased. So it does not
conduct any electric current. During the next
half cycle, the diodeD2 is forward and D1 is
reversed. Hence D2 conducts current in the
directionS2D2 ABEOS2and D1does not conduct
any current. In subsequent half cycles of the A.C
current the above processes are repeated.

In both the half cycles it is clear that current


flows through the resistor in only one direction
ABE. Even though the voltage across RL is
unidirectional it will still contain a few A.C
components. This is filteredand made smooth
using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C
current. A resistor is then used to adjust the
output voltage. Capacitor also nearly filters all
A.C components from the supply and resistance is
adjusted for the required output. As this is a
simple circuit, only one capacitor and a resistance
are being used. But there will be slight factor of
A.C.current still left in the output but it is
negligible. The output Direct Current and voltage
light up the LED.
Bibliography

 Physics – Textbook for XII (NCERT)


 Modern’s ABC of Physics
 Laboratory Manual

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