Internship Report TransMart Depok

i
UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
TRANSMART DEPOK PROJECT
INTERNSHIP REPORT BOOK
Submitted as one of the requirements to obtain

Bachelor of Engineering Degree
GIOVANNI ABEL CHRISTIAN

1406547023
R.M. FADHILAH WICAKSONO
1406545314
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
DEPOK
AUGUST 2017
Universitas Indonesia
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STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY PAGE
This Internship Final Report is our original work,

and both typewritten and referred sources
has been stated correctly
Name : Giovanni Abel Christian

NPM : 1406547023
Signature :
Date : 18th August 2017
Nama : R.M Fadhilah Wicaksono

NPM : 1406545314
Signature :
Tanggal : 18th August 2017
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PREFACE
Praise to God Almighty, for His blessings and His mercy, that we were given a
chance to experience an internship at PT PP (Persero), and finish this report. This
final report is written in order to meet one of the requirements to complete the
Internship subject at Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas
Indonesia and to achieve a degree in Engineering as well. We are aware that without
the help and guidance of our supervisor and several parties, it will not be an easy
task to complete this final report. That being said, we would like to give our humble
gratitude for:
(1) Ayomi Dita Rarasati, S.T, M.T, PhD, as our supervisor whom has given us the
pleasure of her time, work, and thoughts in guiding us in our Internship and
our Internship Final Report.
(2) PT PP (Persero), as the company whom we had the pleasure with in
welcoming us as their interns in their project as well as providing datas that
are needed in this report.
(3) Mr. Yadi Triyadi and Friends, as construction manager and supervisors whom
manages the associated project as well as guiding us throughout our internship.
(4) Writers’ parents, whom have provided their moral support and prayers.
(5) Friends, whom we have shared knowledge with regarding our project.
All in all, we would like to pray to God that He would bless all parties that has
helped us in completing this report.
Depok, August 2017

Writer
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ABSTRACT
Name(s) : Giovanni Abel Christian; R.M. Fadhilah Wicaksono

Course : Civil Engineering
Title : Transmart Depok Project by PT PP (Persero). Tbk
This final report is written for the purpose of writing and to describe our
knowledge in which we have obtained during our internship period. This
knowledge is crucial for students as students can know what can be done and
what is being done by civil engineers from the contractor’s perspective. Where
majority of the activities done in actual work environment differs significantly
than what we had learned in in-class learning session in Universitas Indonesia.
The purpose of this final report is to give a different perspective on components
that are being done and its application in the real world in construction projects,
specifically Transmart Depok Project. The scope of this report include Methods of
Contruction, Project Management, Health and Safety Environment Protection,
Project Resources and Project Problem .
Keywords :
Methods of Contruction, Project Management, Health and Safety Environment
Protection, Project Tools & Resources and Project Problem .
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE ..................................................................................................... i

VADILITY SHEET............................................................................................ ii
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY.................................................................... iii
PREFACE…………........................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT........................................................................................................ v
TABLE OF CONTENT...................................................................................... vi
FIGURE LIST.................................................................................................... viii
TABLE LIST…………...................................................................................... x
1. PREFACE ....................................................................................................1
1.1. Background ............................................................................................1
1.2. Purpose...................................................................................................2
1.3. Time And Location of The Project ........................................................2
1.4. Implementation Method of Internship ...................................................2
1.5. Scope of The Project ..............................................................................3
1.6. Viewpoint of The Project .......................................................................3
1.7. Writing Systematic.................................................................................3
2. GENERAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT ........................................................5
2.1. TransMart Depok Project Background ..................................................5
2.2. Project General Description ...................................................................5
2.3. Technical and Non – Technical Data .....................................................17
2.3.1. Non Technical Project Data ..........................................................17
2.3.2. Technical Project Data ...................................................................17
3. CONSTRUCTION METHOD ......................................................................20
3.1. Introduction ............................................................................................20
3.2. Structural Outline ...................................................................................20
3.3. Job Division ...........................................................................................25
3.4. Structural Work ......................................................................................26
3.4.1. Column Work ................................................................................27
3.4.2. Beam and Slab Work .....................................................................32
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3.4.3. Emergency Staircase .....................................................................37

3.4.4. Ramp Work ...................................................................................43
3.4.5. Beams, Slabs, and Columns Precast (Top Floor) ..........................45
3.5. Problems ................................................................................................49
4. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ........................................................................50
4.1.Introduction .............................................................................................50
4.2.Time Management ..................................................................................50
4.3.Cost Management....................................................................................58
4.4.Quality Management ...............................................................................59
4.5.Human Resource Management ...............................................................69
4.6.Risk Management....................................................................................75
4.7.Problems ..............................................................................................78
5. HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION .....................80
5.1.Introduction .............................................................................................80
5.2.General View of HSE..............................................................................80
5.3.Rules of HSE in TransMart .....................................................................81
5.4.HSE Organization Structure....................................................................83
5.5.HSE Implementation ...............................................................................83
5.6.Problem ...................................................................................................87
6. CLOSING .....................................................................................................89
6.1. Conclusion .............................................................................................89
7. APPENDIXES ..............................................................................................90
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FIGURE LIST
Figure 2.1 Project Location Map TransMart Depok ........................................... 6

Figure 2.2 TransMart Depok ............................................................................... 6
Figure 2.3 TransMart Depok Site Plan ................................................................ 7
Figure 2.4 TransMart Depok project Basement 3 Floor Plan .............................. 8
Figure 2.7 TransMart Depok project Ground Floor Floor Plan........................... 11
Figure 2.8 TransMart Depok project F1 Floor Plan ............................................ 12
Figure 2.11 TransMart Depok project Roof Plan.................................................. 15
Figure 2.12 TransMart Depok project Cross-Section View.................................. 16
Figure 3.2.1 First Floor Floor Plan…………… ................................................... 22
Figure 3.2.2 C01 First Floor Plan Column............................................................ 23
Figure 3.2.3 C01 Column Section ........................................................................ 24
Figure 3.3.1 Organization Structure ...................................................................... 26
Figure 3.4.1.1 Reinforced Steel Bars .................................................................... 28
Figure 3.4.1.2 Column Formwork ........................................................................ 30
Figure 3.4.2.1 Concrete Casting Upper side ......................................................... 33
Figure 3.4.2.2 Concrete Casting Bottom Side....................................................... 34
Figure 3.4.2.3 Reinforced Steel Bars .................................................................... 35
Figure 3.4.2.4 Concrete Casting............................................................................ 36
Figure 3.4.3.1 Emergency Staircase ...................................................................... 38
Figure 3.4.3.2 Cranked Slab Stair ......................................................................... 39
Figure 3.4.3.3 Emergency Staircase Scaffolding and Formwork ......................... 40
Figure 3.4.3.4 Reinforced steel bars on staircase .................................................. 41
Figure 3.4.3.5 Stairs mold... .................................................................................. 42
Figure 3.4.4.1 Ramp Scaffolding and Formwork ................................................. 43
Figure 3.4.4.2 Reinforced Steel Bars for Ramp .................................................... 44
Figure 3.4.5.1 Attaching column and beam precast .............................................. 46
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Figure 3.4.5.2 Beams and Column Precast ........................................................... 47

Figure 3.4.5.3 Bolt Connection Precast ................................................................ 48
Figure 4.1.1. Schedule of the occupants ............................................................... 52
Figure 4.1.2. Schedule of the managers ................................................................ 53
Figure 4.1.3. S-Curve……………….. .................................................................. 54
Figure 4.1.4. S-Curve…………. ........................................................................... 55
Figure 4.1.5. S-Curve…………. ........................................................................... 56
Figure 4.1.6 S-Curve……………. ........................................................................ 57
Figure 4.4.1. Concrete Distribution....................................................................... 64
Figure 4.4.2. Concrete Test…………… ............................................................... 65
Figure 4.4.3. Concrete Tetst by Trisakti Laboratory ............................................. 66
Figure 4.4.4. Reinforced Steel Checklist .............................................................. 68
Figure 4.4.4. Organization Structure of Main Contractor ..................................... 73
Figure 5.1 Quality Target Safety of PT.PP (Persero) Tbk .................................... 82
Figure 5.2. HSE Organization Structure of TransMart Depok Project ................. 83
Figure 5.3. Safety Room for TransMart Depok project ........................................ 84
Figure 5.4 Rumah Sakit Bhakti yudha that cooperate with the project ................ 86
Figure 5.5. Distance between RS Bhakti Yudha and TransMart Depok .............. 86
Figure 5.6 Workers who do not wear full APD Equiment.................................... 87
Figure 7.1 Acceptance Letter from PT PP for Internship ..................................... 90
Figure 7.2 Lecturer Supervisor’s Log ................................................................... 91
Figure 7.3 Field Supervisor’s Log ........................................................................ 92
Figure 7.4 Letter of Statement of finishing Internship from PT PP ...................... 93
Figure 7.5 Writers with the Field Supervisor ........................................................ 94
Figure 7.6 C02b Column Section .......................................................................... 95
Figure 7.7 C04 Column Section .......................................................................... 96
Figure 7.8 C05 Column Section .......................................................................... 97
Figure 7.9 C05a Column Section .......................................................................... 98
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TABLE LIST
Table 2.1 Project’s Dimension for each floor .....................................................18

Table 2.2 Tools of TransMart Depok Project .....................................................18
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CHAPTER 1
PREFACE
1.1 Background
Indonesia is currently pursuing the high standard of education in accordance of time and
technology. To achieve this standard, students that are currently pursuing the undergraduate
studies and graduate studies are essential to experience the field of work before graduated.
However, the quality parameters are not limited to ingenuity in science and theory, but also
includes the ability to apply the theory and knowledge to the field. Giving the chance to observe
and discover real life work activities will accommodate students about the application of
knowledge that was taught in the institution. The working experience will help the students to be
more prepared in encountering the work field in the future.
In Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia, the students are given the
chance to experience the work field through Internship subject. The Internship subject one of the
requirements to achieve the bachelor’s degree in engineering. It is designed especially for students
in final academic years, in which the students are already stuffed with abounding knowledge of
civil engineering science. Consequently, learning the Internship subject in the final years aims to
provide general ideas before finally plunged in the work specifically in civil engineering fields.
Civil engineering is the study of every aspect of human infrastructure that defines the
modern civilization. The civil engineering field is related to the design, construction and
maintenance of physical buildings and environments, such as including roads, bridges, canals,
dams and buildings. The study of Civil Engineering prepares students to become planners,
consultants, designers, constructors and managers of the civil engineering work area.
The insights from the Internship are expected to helps the students prepare the knowledge
in regard to the application of theory in the field. Learning the theory of civil engineering science
is not enough for a student to fully understand the concept of civil engineering. Experience through
the work field is necessary in providing general ideas in civil engineering work as well as
enhancing the skill for students to work in civil engineering field.
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1.2 Purpose of Internship Program

The following are the purposes of the Internship program:
1) Meet the requirements of passing the compulsory subject of Internship for
undergraduate student in the Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia.
2) Observe and study the project activities directly related to the subject of Civil
Engineering in the real world.
3) Recognize the structure and division of tasks within the project.
4) Identify the problems that may arise in the work of Civil Engineering
1.3 Time and Location of The Project

The Internship program was conducted in the Transmart Depok construction project site
located in Jalan Dewi Sartika, Depok, West Java. The internship begun on 24th of January 2016 to
16th of June 2017, with earlier briefing by the contractor, PT. PP (Persero) Tbk. at the project site
on 23rd of January 2017. Internship working hours starts from 09.00 am until 16.00 pm every
weekdays until 6th of February due to academic study. While starting from 6th of February until
16th of June, the Internship working hours starts from 08.00 am until 12.00 pm on Thursday, 11
am until 16.00 pm on Friday and 09.00 am until 16.00 on Saturday, with the exception of during
the casting process working hours may exceed the normal hours of work due to the operation of
heavy equipment which is set to come at night. Every Friday at 18.00 pm the writers has a
presentation to the supervisor to present the learning progress every week.
1.4 Implementation Method of Internship

Implementation methodology used in preparing this Internship report were performed
and obtained by:
• Direct observation on the field
• Description and explanation of the project by project officers
• Discussions with the project officers
• Standard project guidelines as well as descriptive and visual project work plans.
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1.5 Scope of The Project

The internship report is based on the results of our observation in the field, descriptions
and explanations by project officers, discussions with project officers, and from standard project
guidelines as well as descriptive and visual project work plans. Project scope that are observed in
the TransMart Depok project include, construction of basement, construction of the 3rd and 4th
floor, roof construction, project management, and health safety and environment system.
1.6 Viewpoint of The Project

In this internship program, we were assigned at the main contractor of TransMart Depok
Apartment project, where the main contractor is PT. PP (Persero) Tbk Therefore, this report will
refer to the viewpoint of the project contractor.
1.7 Writing Systematic

a) Chapter 1-Preface
In this chapter it will explained about the preface like background of our internship
program, the purpose of internship program, scope of the report, writing methodology, and
writing systematic.
b) Chapter 2-General View
In this chapter it will explain about general view of the project like background of the
project, general description of the project, function of the project, and technical and non-
technical project data.
c) Chapter 3-Construction Method
In this chapter it will explain about the method or some steps how to the construction work
where it will include about beam work, plate work, column work, core wall work, and also
stairs work.
d) Chapter 4-Project Management
In this chapter it will explain about all the project management which it will include cost
management, time management, quality management, human resource management, and
procurement management.
e) Chapter 5-Health, Safety, and Environment Protection (HSE)
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In this chapter five it will explain every kind of effort that do by the contractor side to
ensure the safety of the worker, including the rights and responsibility, and what the risk
that do for keeping the safety of the worker.
.
f) Chapter 6-Conclusion
In this final chapter, the contain will be conclusion that obtain from the observation the
project location also some suggestion that can be give for development activities of
internship program or to implement in the next project.
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CHAPTER 2
GENERAL VIEW OF THE PROJECT
2.1. TransMart Depok Project Background

The demand of department store and hypermarket in Indonesia keep rising constantly as
the time goes by. The purpose of modern department store and supermarket is to fulfill the needs
of civilians in the surrounding area. Depok, one of the town in Indonesia that is currently under
the urbanization development, has not yet satisfied with places to fulfill the needs including
supermarket, restaurant and department with current level of standards. TransMart is a newly
concept of department store which combines hypermarket, entertainment as well as food & fashion
in a single integrated district. TransMart Depok is a composite department store with a sizeable
hypermarket along with immense theme park at the top floor with additional lined up restaurants
and cafés. With 3 basement floors and 4 floors located in a 7475 m2 area, it is designed to shows
the best in quality in hypermarket and department store whilst in a strategic location.
In order to conduct the construction of this project, the owner, PT Alfaretailindo, assigned
PT. Gratama Consultant as its Management Construction Consultant, PT. Catur Inti Dinamila as
its Structural Consultant, PT. Garis Rancangan Bangun as its M&E Consultant, as well as its
Architectural Consultant. PT. PP (Persero) was assigned as its Main Contractor through the
bidding process and the project started on April 2016 and is planned to be finished by November
2017.
2.2. Project General Description

TransMart Depok department store building is one of the several department stores in
Depok, where it is located in Pancoran Mas. The building is located in the middle of street stores
and traditional markets in Jalan Dewi Sartika. It is situated in the place where citizens from
Sawangan, Citayam, Depok I, Depok Lama and Depok Baru are able to visit. It was also located
in the near of the Depok’s biggest and known street, Jalan Margonda Raya. The department store
is designed for middle class people that needs convenient and favorable department where they
can also relax at the lined-up restaurants and cafés with avant-garde. It is a multi-purpose place of
daily needs starting from grocery stores to entertainments.
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TransMart Depok project location map can be seen in Figure 2.1 and Floor-plan of the
project can be seen in Figure 2.3, until Figure 2.6
Figure 2.1 Project Location Map TransMart Depok

Source: Google Maps, 2017
Figure 2.2 TransMart Depok

Source: PT. PP (Persero) 2017
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Figure 2.3 TransMart Depok Site Plan

Source: PT. PP (Persero) 2017
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Figure 2.4 TransMart Depok project Basement 3 Floor Plan

Source: PT. PP (Persero) ., 2017
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10

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Figure 2.7 TransMart Depok project Ground Floor Floor Plan

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Figure 2.8 TransMart Depok project F1 Floor Plan

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14

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Figure 2.11 TransMart Depok project Roof Plan

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Figure 2.12 TransMart Depok project Cross-Section View

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2.3. Technical and Non-Technical Data

Technical and non-technical data is data that explain about the actual condition in project
field. This data can also be used for some explanation in the next chapters. So, these are the
technical and non-technical data from TransMart Depok Project:
2.3.1 Non-Technical Project Data
1. Project Name : TransMart Depok
2. Project Location : Jalan Dewi Sartika No.9, Depok, Jawa Barat
3. Work Scope Project : Ground Anchor, Dewatering, Excavation
Pile Cap, Structure, Architecture,
Coordination of NSC / DC / DS
4. Type of Project : Commercial Building
5. Financing Resource : Private (owner)
6. Owner : PT. Alfaretailindo
7. Constr. Mgmt. Consultant : PT. Gratama Consultant
8. Structural Consultant : PT. Catur Inti Dinamika
9. Architectural Consultant : PT. Garis Rancangan Bangun
10. M&E Consultant : PT. Garis Rancangan Bangun
11. QS Consultant : PT. Teamwork Indonesia
12. Main Contractor : PT. PP (Persero) Tbk
13. Project Duration : April 2016 – June 2017
(430 days)
14. Estimated Contract Value : Rp. 247.431.338.426,-
15. Contract Type : Lump Sum
2.3.2 Technical Project Data

1. Building Function : Commercial Building
2. Architectural Area : 81.572 m2
3. Structural Area : 87.836 m2
4. Land Area : 8.055 m2
5. Number of Story : 3 Basement + 4 stories
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6. Height of Building : 28 m
7. Structural Material : Reinforced Concrete
8. Reinforced Steel Material : Deform Steel
9. Foundation Type : Pile Foundation
10. Project Boundaries :
• North : Jalan Dewi Sartika and Street Stores
• South : Settlements
• East : Settlements
• West : Settlements
11. Structure Material :
1) Concrete
• Basement 3 Floor : K-350
• Plate, Beam, Column : K-300
• Stairs, Ramp : K-300
• Test Pile : K-300
• Bored Pile : K-300
• Diaphragm Wall : K-300
2) Steel
• Plate, Beam, Column : BJTS 40, fy 400 Mpa
• Stairs, Ramp : BJTS 40, fy 400 Mpa
• Diaphragm Wall : BJTS 40, Fy 400 Mpa
• Bolt : ASTM A-325F (HTB)
• Welding Electrodes : E-70xx
3) Reinforced Steel
• Deformed : fy = 400 kg/cm2
• Plain : fy = 300 kg/cm2
4) Formwork Unloading
• Side Beam, Wall : 12 hours
• Unloaded Column : 12 hours
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• Plate : 7 days
• Beam (without cons. load) : 7 days
• Scaffolding around beam : 7 days
• Scaffolding beam and slab : 14 days
• Scaffolding Cantilever : 21 days
12. Project Dimension

Floor Perimeter (m) Area (m) Floor To Floor (m) Elevation (m)
Basement 3 3500.06 5583.83 3 -9
Basement 2 3500.06 5583.83 3 -6
Basement 1 3506.77 5596.09 3 -4
Ground Floor 4002.82 8039.93 5 0
Mezzanine 1824.32 618.93 2.5 2.5
1st Floor 3428.08 5186.33 5 5
2nd Floor 3428.08 5186.33 5 10
3rd Floor 4649 5232.74 17.5 27.5
Table 2.1 Project’s Dimension for each floor
Source: PT. PP (Persero) Tbk, 2017
13. Project Tools :
No Tools Name Total

1 Crane Bore Pile Not
Available
2 Grabbing Crane 2
3 Placing Boom 1
4 Electric Vibrator Not
Available
5 Tower Crane 2
6 Concrete Pump 1
7 Genset 630 kVA 1
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8 Genset 210 kVA 1

9 Dewatering 1
10 Submersible Pump 3
11 Bar Bending 1
12 Bar Cutter 1
13 Auto level 4
14 Theodolite 4
16 Pick Up Not
avalailable
17 Passenger Hoist 4
18 Total Station 2
19 Auto Laser 4
20 Plumb Laser 4
Table 2.2 Tools of TransMart Depok Project
Source: Document of PT. PP (Persero) Tbk, 2017
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CHAPTER III
CONSTRUCTION METHOD
3.1 INTRODUCTION
In construction project, various of construction methods are crucial things that

will affect to strength, quality, budgeting and time. Certain types of construction
methods are utilized in project is chosen to achieve the efficiency satisfaction. Some
cases in construction field, contractors usually creative in construction method by make
innovation methods to compress the losses and gain the profit of their project.
Generally construction method is a bunch of activities following standard and
procedures to build structure building.
Transmart Depok Supermarket project is the place whereas internship did,

activities of construction process were observed and investigated in field includes
column works, beam works, plate works, curing works, and form work
3.2 STRUCTURAL OUTLINE
This supermarket is designed with 8 stories with 3 basement below surface and the
average height of each story is thereabout 3 meters in each basement for ground floor
is 5 meters, mezzanine 2.5 meters, first and second floors is 5 meters and third which
is the top floor is 17.5 meters. For the top floor the roof is precast that is made by steel,
based on this project plan top floor will be used for playground such as rollercoaster.
However rest of the building use concrete material for structural. In internship process,
our teams came at field project in Transmart Supermarket Project on column works at
the first floor level. At this level, the column has been distinguished into 5 type which
are c01(Red Circle), c02b(Orange Circle), c05(Blue Circle), c04(Red Square),
c05a(Green Circle). every type of column of this level has different dimension, this
difference are made because of the consultant may have to considered regarding to the
load above these structure, more larger dimension more strength to retain load above.
On figure of floor plan for first floor with column plan to indicate where columns are
plotted.
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These circles and square on the picture are indicate where the columns are
plotted. With this floor plan the contractor will know which column they in progress.
Detail of each column should be drawn in the beginning of construction project from
materials that are going to use for framework and dimension. The example of column
detail where were in progress while our teams arrived on field project:
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Figure 3.2.1 First Floor Floor Plan

Source: PT.PP (Persero) Tbk, 2017
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Figure 3.2.2 C01 Column First Floor Floor Plan

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Figure 3.2.3 C01 Column Section

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In accordance with figure 2 and 3 this drawing explain that C01 Column dimension which
has 3.9 meters with covered by gypsum at the outer layer of column but at the top of column they
use plywood since it will be connected to the beam, slab and column above this floor.
Dimension of the column
Formwork height : 4 meters
Formwork width : 94.4 cm
Column height : 4 meters
Column width : 70 cm
3.3 JOB DIVISION
Every construction work process particularly in structural work, each process has it is own
standards as a reference to ensure quality of work achieve satisfaction that are being produced. In
this project, Transmart Depok Supermarket project main contractor is PT. PP (Persero) that has a
position to carry out, maintain and control all construction process quality by labors such as; form
work installation, concrete casting, reinforcement bars and work methods. Furthermore, the
contractor also re – check material to make concrete by slump test, The last jobs is control
procurement and delivery of materials that are going to use for construction process. Whole part
of contractor jobs is according to the standards issued by PT. Catur Inti Dinamika as the structural
consultant of the project. However, PT. Gratama Consultant as the construction management
consultant, works to control and make sure that whole job description and tasks given to the main
contractor. For the last is Architecture, MEP, Lightning, Interior and Landscape consultant are
handle by PT. Garis Rancang Bangun that works to ensure all job description and task that given
to the PT. PP (Persero).
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Figure 3.3.1 Organization Structure

In Transmart Depok Supermarket project, PT. PP (Persero) as the main contractor handle
sub – structure works such as site clearance, bore piles, and retaining wall and structural works.
However, the writers did not start on sub – structure works but in structural work when second
basement is in processing at that time (Ramp Works, and etc).
3.4 STRUCTURAL WORK
In this section can be started while sub – structure components (excavation, foundation,
ground anchor, and retaining wall) have been finished where it used to support the main structure
or facilitate the labors in construction, and the contractor will continue then to build the structure.
Structural works includes ramp works, emergency stairs, column, beam, and slab. However, our
team started internship on column beam and slab work at the basement second level which is the
sub – structural work had been finished while team started internship. In Transmart Depok
Supermarket project, it has some typical at some floors such as at the top floor, the column and
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beam are using steel structure with I section. Then at basement (1, 2 and 3) and ground floor have
ramp whereas entrance for cars to parking lots. Furthermore job sequence for basement (1, 2, and
3), ground floor, mezzanine floor, first floor and second floor start from column works, followed
by beam works and last in slab works, those works has the same sequence which should be installed
form work, reinforced steel bar fabrication and installation, ramp works, emergency stairs and last
is finished with concrete casting and curing. In this section, it will elaborate the details of each
structural works for every single floor since this project has several typical.
3.4.1 Column Work (All Floors except 3th Floor)
Column is used primarily to hold axial compressive load from the self – weight of the
building structure. This structural components is a support that will distribute the load and lateral
(vertical) force to the foundation. The stiffness of column will determine the magnitude of the
lateral force retained by that column. The dimension of column is depending on the distribution of
loads that it sustain. Usually column distinguished into two shape which are four square and round
columns. Rectangular (square) shape column is commonly used since the design and
manufacturing process is simple and easy to apply in project and in this project they use rectangular
as well. In this project the columns are separated into precast and cast – in situ, for third basement
until second floor used cast – in situ. However, on the top floor they use precast steel column with
I section which stand for make the construction quicker and efficient.
In this section, the report will discuss more detail regarding to the methods used in column in the
Transmart Depok Supermarket project, here are the stages of construction methods includes:
a. Marking
In order to determine columns location, the engineering make measurement and
mapping of the project. Marking points or lines are used as a basis to determining the
location of the column formwork and reinforcement. Moreover, the determination of the
location of column itself are done by using Theodolite tool. This action is continuously
occur in column construction from the bottom to the top of structure.
Column position should be centric and uses limitation of design tolerance according
to the previous floor since the shape of this building is not really complicated hence the
position will be uniformed. Therefore, checking is needed to prevent any instance of tilting.
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Reference points can be applied to maintain centricity of each column in every floor.
Additionally, it can be considered as the column layout and utilize it as a guide pole for
other columns by following distances that have been determined in the planning. The
checking process is done by placing a theodolite or a laser equipment tool at the marking
point then checking the straightness column.
b. Reinforced steel bars fabrication
In order to make stronger concrete, it needs steel bars to retain any external loads. The
column consist of main reinforced bars and shear reinforced bars. The main reinforced bars
functions to resist moment and force, shear reinforced bars are used to hold shear force.
Reinforced steel bars itself has two common types such as threaded steel bars and
unthreaded steel bars. Threaded steel is used as main reinforced bars of the concrete
structure. Unthreaded steel is usually used for binding the threaded steel bars when it is
making column it acts shear reinforced bars.
Dimension of reinforcement steel bars
Diameter : 22 meters
Length : 12 meters
Figure 3.4.1.1 Reinforced steel bars

Source: Writer’s Documentation 2017
29
Shear bars are made using a cutting and bending machine, which then are installed to
the cut main reinforced bars by binding it with steel wires. After the bars are formed,
concrete blocks are plugged around to control thickness of cover concrete. In order to retain
lateral force, need to install stirrup for column with the distance is 10cm for each stirrup.
c. Installation of reinforcement steel bars
The column reinforcement bars installation are done by binding them with steel wires
in between the main reinforcement and distribution bars that has been installed on previous
floor column. The reinforcement steel bars that has been made by the labors on the ground
are lifted and dropped at the installation location using a lifted tower crane by the operator.
Afterwards the reinforcement column are connected to the overlapping part using a steel
wire.
Throughout dropping process of the reinforcement bars to existing reinforcement
column, the labors manually straighten up the reinforcing connection in order to achieve
perfection of accuracy in measurement while concrete casting.
After the reinforced steel bars are connected to reinforcement columns, the labors
justify shear reinforcement bars in accordance to the gap specification. Afterwards, the
reinforcement bar columns are tightened and supported by ropes before placing the
formwork to prevent bending and while preparing to install formwork, the surveyor check
the elevation and straightness of column.
d. Formwork and scaffolding
Before proceed to the concrete casting, it need to build or plot the case to shape the
concrete into rectangular or round and it called as formwork. In this project, it used
rectangular shape therefore the contactor have to buy rectangular formwork by labors. This
formworks are made by plywood phenol with thickness of 18 mm supported by steel. This
tool can be used for seven to nine times before the change of plywood is necessary or while
some cases like cracking on the plywood. The height of the formwork is 5 meters for each
formwork set.
30
Figure 3.4.1.2 Column Formwork

In order to reuse the formwork, first step is all formwork should be cleaned from any
cement or other gravel remains that attached to the plywood. The formworks is coated with
oil or gasoline as an action to prevent concrete stick to the formwork. Then the labors
coordinate the tower crane operator to install the formwork to exact spot that they were
previously marked with a line whereas reinforcement column will be in the middle of
formwork. Furthermore, labors set and straighten up the formwork. While setting the
formwork, the surveyor officer control the straightness of formwork by using theodolite
tool.
31
e. Concrete Casting
The next steps is concrete casting inside formwork. This action usually occurs at
midnight since this neighbor has terrific congestion at day. In Transmart Depok
Supermarket project use the quality of concrete column is K 300 for all column and for the
slump test 14±2 cm. Before casting, Quality Control (QC) surveyor and construction
manager must evaluate specification of column such as elevation, straightness, and gap in
between bars and concrete cover. For concrete design, this project chemical admixture is
Waterproof Integral to resist the water come in to column.
During concrete casting process, weather needs to be considered in order to maintain
the quality of concrete. Concrete casting cannot be done during rain and at day because
concrete tend to overheat while the intensity of heat exceed the concrete limitation
especially in Depok that has high temperature at day. At midnight, trucks usually came 4
to 5 every concrete casting but it is only first truck that has to do slump test. The samples
are taken 4 and it will bring by surveyor to the nearest lab but in this project the samples
will investigate in Trisakti University Civil Engineering Laboratory. As mention above, 4
samples will investigate in separate time for the first sample will investigate at first day,
second sample at seventh day, third at fourteenth day, and fourth at twenty-eighth day.
Actually the sample should be investigated for every truck but the engineering said that it
depends on request from the owner.
Afterwards pouring adhesive chemical mixture to connect existing concrete with new
concrete. This adhesive chemical mixture is used to improve bonding of existing with new
concrete. To cast columns, Tremie pipe should be plot at the top of the formwork. The
internal concrete vibrator should be not exceed 2 meter above the formwork since if it is
more than that the mixture will be ruined, if the consistency of the concrete is low do not
use water since it also mess up the mixture and to deal with it the labors are allowed to use
external vibrator.
f. Formwork Dismantling
The column formwork will be released 12 hours after casted. Steps for dismantling
process is started by releasing screws. While removing screws and side braces, column
formwork has been tied with steel chain of tower crane to prevent formwork collapse. After
32
finishing dismantled, the tower crane move formwork to other side and labors prepare for
the next column.
3.4.2 Beam and Slab Work (All Floors except 3th Floor)
In order to resist vertical loads, shear force and bending moment, structural member that
fit to that issues is beam. Transmart Depok Supermarket project beams are made by reinforced
concrete. These beams are with a normal reinforced concrete tensile strength due to the addition
of main or primary reinforcement and shear reinforcement. However for slabs, it also resist vertical
load, shear force and bending moment, the difference is it has larger area and volume then beam.
This section will discuss further in detail of construction method beams and slab work in Transmart
Depok Supermarket project. The stages of construction methods includes:
a. Scaffolding and Formwork

First things first in this construction process need to install the formwork of the
beams, where beam formwork fabrication and floor slab are done together continuously.
With beam formwork as benchmark to start the installation floor slab formwork which
connects the beams one to others. The installation of formwork are made with reference
from design drawings that built by consultant. Installation is begin with analyze the loads
that will be placed on the formwork such as concrete, and other construction loads. At the
top of the scaffolding contains a U – head that serves as the foundation girder formwork
and scaffolding, thus it can establish a concoction system when it is locked. At first the
workers need to set a jack base as foots for vertical post and connect all 4 vertical post with
a vertical ledger and strengthen it with vertical diagonal. On the top of vertical post, insert
U – head as the foundation girder formwork and scaffolding thus the system is locked.
Afterwards install a base formwork (bodeman) above girder, followed by a side stopper to
support the side formwork (tembereng). With 12 mm thickness of plywood as base material
for bodeman and tembereng to shape the concrete beam.
33
Side Stopper
Figure 3.4.2.1 Concrete Casting Upper side

34
Tembereng
Vertical
Post
Girder
U-Head
Figure 3.4.2.2 Concrete casting bottom side
b. Reinforcement Bars Fabrications

Reinforced bars are fabricated into two different locations. For shear reinforcement,
the bars are bended and formed by using a bending machine at the bar fabrication area
which is located at the ground floor. Reinforcement bar elements such as flexural
reinforcement, tie wire and concrete decking are assembled in situ. Concrete blocks are
used to control the distance of reinforcement bar to concrete surface. Afterwards whole
materials for reinforced beams are lifted by tower crane to the locations. At the location,
workers connect flexural bars with joint at base column. Bended shear bars are installed
into the flexural bars tied by tie wire.
In slabs work, the workers place Bondex as floor and before concrete casting is begin.
Afterwards, set slab reinforcement bars that are used wiremesh which has been
manufactured. This wiremesh is carried by tower crane to the slab site. In order to control
the spacing in between the bottom reinforced bars and top reinforced bars, this section use
steel spacer. For concrete cover section, they install concrete decking at the bottom and
35
relat pipe at upper part. Finished the arrangement of reinforcement bars for slab and beam,
the bars are connected each other tied by tire wire.
Figure 3.4.2.3 Reinforced steel bars

c. Concrete casting
After finishing formwork and reinforcement bars, move to the next step is concrete
casting. Basically it has the same methods with the column section that Quality Control
supervisor check the specification of beam and slab such as dimension of beam, spacing
and size of steel following technical drawing that given by consultant and QC need to ask
4 samples to Adhimix that used for slump test. Those 4 samples used for first day, seventh
day, fourteenth day, and twenty-eighth day however the samples only need for one truck
in concrete casting process according to owner suggestion. The slump concrete
requirement for beam and slab is 12 ± 2 cm with the quality of concrete is K – 300 and
especially for basement 3 it has K – 350 since it should be strong enough to retain loads
above it. The slump test has lower than column because beam has less time consuming
until it casted, more slump easier to set the shape but it takes longer to be casted. In order
36
to pouring the concrete into beam and slab, is not allowed to pour exceed 2 meters from
the edge of Bucket since it will ruined the mixture of concrete design and if the concrete is
a little bit wet or dry do not add more water just use internal concrete vibrator. Afterwards,
close the concrete by formwork and leave it until 14 days.
Figure 3.4.2.4 Concrete Casting

d. Curing
After the floor is casted and the concrete is in a hardening condition, curing can be done as
an after treatment. Curing in floor is needed to maintain humidity and prevent overheating
of temperature of the concrete during setting time of concrete. Over heat in concrete can
37
cause cracks to the concrete surface. Setting time is a period of time when the concrete
reaches maximum strength. In slab and beam work, curing is done by spraying water
frequently to keep concrete wet in 10 until 12 hours in seven days and to avoiding directly
heat from the sun, the engineers wear gunny sack on the floor. Another method is by closing
surface of slab by using a wet gunny sack to prevent evaporation.
e. Formwork Dismantling
Formwork releasing cannot be done immediately after the concrete is cast. However,
beams and slabs will be loaded soon because in order to level up the building, the worker
will put another formwork on the top of beams and slab casted, therefore, the formwork
stay longer in order to get the maximum strength of beams and slabs which will take 14
days.
3.4.3 Emergency Staircase (All Floors)
According to Government Regulation Republic of Indonesia (PP) number 36 year 2005

about Implementation Rules and “Undang – Undang” (UU) number 28 year 2000 about Building
Construction say that every high – rise building are compulsory to have emergency staircase each
floor and alarm to warn occupants regarding to disaster could be happened such as fire, earthquake,
etc. there are kinds of stairs such as straight flight/straight run, quarter turn/L – shaped, half
turn/180 return, spiral and elliptical and the last is winder.
In Transmart Depok Supermarket Project, the emergency staircase type that are built is
Half Turn stairs with 30° of gradient. This emergency staircase type is the most common use for
build staircase since it can be constructed within the confined vertical stair well and this half turn
stairs can be easier to fit into any kind of architectural plan. The emergency staircases are placed
in the edge of each floors.
The material that are used for emergency staircase is concrete cast – in place or commonly
called as in – situ RC stair. The decision engineers to use RC stairs because it will maintain it is
strength and integrity for a reasonable period during an outbreak of fire, it is non – combustible,
stronger and hardwearing. This concrete staircase has some typical such as inclined slab stair,
cranked slab stair, string beam stair, and cantilever stair. In this supermarket project, they used
38
cranked slab stairs. These stairs are very often used as special feature since the half space landing
has no visible support being design as cantilever slab. Bending, buckling and torsion stresses are
induced with this form of design creating the need for the reinforcement to both faces of the landing
and the waist slab, therefore the amount of reinforcement required is high which can sometimes
creating site problem with regards to placing and compacting the concrete.
Figure 3.4.3.1 Emergency staircase

39
Figure 3.4.3.2 Cranked Slab Stair

Source: https://www.slideshare.net/SefanyaRolandus/stairs-39730717, 2017
In order to build emergency staircase there are several stage of construction method
includes:
a. Scaffolding and Formwork

In staircase construction also need to use scaffolding and formwork since in this
project use cast in situ. Basically the scaffolding that use for this section is the same
with scaffolding for beams, column and slab but with modification because this
structure has a gradient.
40
Figure 3.4.3.3 Emergency Staircase Scaffolding and Formwork

To install the scaffolding and formwork are pretty much the same with previous
section, which the top of scaffolding contains a U – head that act as the foundation of
girder and formwork (bodeman) that made by plywood is placed on girder. At first the
workers need to place girder at the bottom of staircase since it is hollow and need to
make temporary foundation for scaffolding. Afterwards connect all vertical post with
vertical ledger and strengthen it with vertical diagonal. On the top of vertical post, place
U – head to retain girder, formwork and workers above it.
b. Reinforced steel bars fabrication

The staircase reinforcement bars installation are done by binding them with steel
wires in between the main reinforcement and the distribution bar that are shape as stair.
41
This reinforcement steel bar has been shaped on the floor by the workers with the
design plan that is made by the consultant.
Figure 3.4.3.4 Reinforced steel bars on staircase

The dimension of staircase is 2 meters length, 28 cm width, and 15 cm height for

each stairs and for stair slab (bordes) it is 1 meter width since the maximum width for
bordes is 1.2 meters. Afterwards the workers need to make stair mold by plywood for
each stairs based on the design plan, then place it on the distribution bars. For the stair
mold, the shape is moreless T shape.
42
Figure 3.4.3.5. Stairs mold

c. Concrete Casting
For concrete casting in emergency stairs, the engineers used K – 300 for quality of
concrete. Basically for the method of concrete casting is the same with the previous
section it needs 4 samples which are first day, seventh day, fourteenth day, and twenty-
eighth day and the requirement of slump concrete is 12 ± 2 cm and also it is not allowed
to pour concrete exceed 2 meters from the edge of bucket. The casting will be
dismantled after 21 days since this structure is cantilever need longer to make concrete
is ready to install tiles.
d. Railing
Every convenient stairs need railing to make the user safer especially for emergency
stairs, when a disaster is coming to the building then people try to escape safely and
quick from building. For Transmart Depok Supermarket Project, they build railing with
height is 1 meter from the stair and the same gradient.
43
3.4.4 Ramp Work (Basement 1, 2, and 3 and Ground Floor)
In order to build car access into basement on Transmart Depok Supermarket Project, the
engineers make Ramp. In definition ramp is sloped pathways used both inside and outside
buildings used to provide access between vertical levels. Ramps provide an alternative to stairs for
wheelchair users, people with mobility issues and people with prams, bicycles and other wheeled
items. In this project the ramps are built in all basement and ground floor with 4.3° or 1:3 for the
gradient. The calculation for gradient is made by consultant. Based on engineers side in
construction field, this configuration is made to give ease access for driver to drive more safely
and comfortable. With 3 meters width of ramp, it is only make one lane and one line for each ramp
therefore it has one entrance and one exit for cars. The stages of construction method includes:
a. Formwork and Scaffolding

First stage to build ramp is install the scaffolding. It has the same concept with the
emergency staircase but the difference is area of this section are larger than emergency
staircase and also it has lower gradient than emergency staircase.
Figure 3.4.4.1 Ramp Scaffolding and Formwork

44
In order to install the scaffolding and formwork it is the same steps with the
emergency staircase, that the top of the scaffolding contains a U – head as a temporary
to retain girder and formwork (bodeman) above it. The position of bodeman is placed
above girder since it acts mold. However before install the scaffolding, the workers
should to place girder at the bottom of the ramp since it is hollow.
b. Reinforced steel bars

After finish to install scaffolding and formwork, the workers set up the
reinforcement bars or called as wiremesh that has been built in manufacture and the
wiremesh is carried by tower crane to ramp site. Basically this section has the same
steps with the slab works, it also use steel spacer in order to control the spacing in
between the bottom reinforced bars and top bars. Afterwards install concrete decking
at the bottom and relat pipe at upper part. Furthermore after reinforcement bars for slab
and beam are arranged, the bars are then connected each other then tied by tie wire.
Figure 3.4.4.2 Reinforced steel bars for Ramp

45
c. Concrete Casting
In concrete casting section, the concrete quality for ramps are K – 300. In this stage
it also has the same steps and requirement needs such as 4 samples for slump test and
12 ± 2 cm for allowable slump. The casting will be dismantled after 21 days because it
is cantilever structure. However for this section has special case that the workers make
drainage and traction after dismantle casting, these actions purpose to transfer water
flow while raining and ease driver to climb up because of traction that is made on ramp
3.4.5 Beams, Slab and Columns Precast (Top Floor)
In Transmart Depok Supermarket Project, the owner plan to make entertainment area such
as playground, mini castle, roller coaster, and etc. in order to make an entertainment area at the top
floor, the consultant make a design to compress budget and time they make columns and beams
are precast. In order to install column, first of all column precast is carried by tower crane from
ground, then rotate it 90° until the column stand vertically and the workers give instructions to
tower crane operator to set it correctly and other workers start to attach precast column on column
cast in situ by bolts, these action are taking several hours per column.
46
Figure 3.4.5.1 Attaching column and beam precast

47
Figure 3.4.5.2 Beams and Column Precast

Furthermore, attach beam precast that carried by tower crane in between one column to another
and the workers tied it up by bolt. After all section are finished, the next job is attaching slab
precast. The slab is made by concrete and it has bolt connector that can connect this slab precast
to beam that are placed below it.
48
Figure 3.4.5.3 Bolt Connection for Precast

The problem on these actions are attaching between slab precast and columns precast because it
should be fit without gap or maybe less gap but it should not be more than a millimeter since if it
is more than that it must reallocated columns and beams, thus precision is the most important
thing. Other issues, accidents may has major possibility in these action because there is no
formwork or scaffolding, the workers only count on rope that they wear while they climb up.
However our teams saw that there was a man that was not wearing rope while climbing and the
HSE will give punishment for it.
3.5 PROBLEMS
In construction field, any actions can be changed following the owner request and the plan
was not as a guidance anymore. During construction process in Transmart Depok, it has some
changes and some of them were important because it will affected cost, time and value. For
example, the owner suddenly asked contractor and consultant to build larger area at the top of
building because they wanted to have rollercoaster and other games.
49
That requested are made while third floor is in progressing to build 3 cast in situ column.
On that case the consultant re – design upper construction and it turned out with the precast (see
Figure 3.4.5.2) and they combine between cast in situ columns with precast columns, beams and
slabs.
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CHAPTER IV
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
4.1 INTRODUCTION
A project is a sequence of temporary activities which has a beginning and an end that are
planned in order to achieve a completed product, service and result. However, the product or result
itself may not necessarily be temporary. A project has to have an ending, whether it refers to that
the project is completed or it is terminated because of the unachievable objective or goals. A
project may also produce unique output while being carried out repetitively. A project can enhance
an existing product and it also has the capability to create a product that can produce another
service.
In a construction project, it is certain that not only the technical aspects such as construction
methods that may affect the course of a project and the output it produces, but there are many non-
technical aspects which influences the success of the project as well. One of the non-technical
aspects of the most important is the project management. Project Management is the application
of knowledge, tools, technique and skills to meet a certain project requirement. Project
management process are divided into five categories, such as: Initiating, Planning, Executing,
Monitoring and Controlling, and Post Construction project. Therefore, although the success of a
construction project construction will be assessed from the results that are produced, however if
there are no fees, no good time management, and the lack of control over the quality, the results
will be difficult to achieve. To that end, in this chapter, the overall project management process
that the author collected from Transmart Depok Supermarket construction project will be
presented.
4.2 TIME MANAGEMENT
Theoretical basis
Based on the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), project time
management is a management that includes the processes required to manage the project
completion time. In other words, time management project with regard to planning and scheduling
of all activities in the project so that the project can be run on time and as efficiently as possible.
In project management there are several processes or steps needed are:
51
• Schedule Management Plan, the process of defining or setting policies, procedures and
documentation for planning, developing, organizing, implementing, and controlling the
project schedule.
• Define Activities, is the process of identifying and documenting the specific activities that
need to be done to produce the project deliverables.
• Sequence Activities, is the process of identifying and documenting relationships between
jobs in the project.
• Estimate Activity Resources is the process of assessing the type and amount of material,
human resources, equipment and the need to carry out any work.
• Estimate Activity durations, is the process of assessing the amount of time required to
complete each activity with the amount of resources that have been estimated.
• Develop Schedule, is the process of analyzing a series of work, duration, resource
requirements, and schedule constraints to create a model of scheduling.
• Control Schedule, is the process of monitoring the status of project activities to update the
progress of the project and to manage changes to the initial scheduling to achieve the
original plan.
Time Management at Transmart Depok Supermarket Project
Transmart Depok Supermarket construction project is scheduled to begin on April 1st, 2016
and ending on 30th June 2017 with a planned duration of time of 16 months and 29 days. The
duration is based on the activity and duration of each activity undertaken to complete Transmart
Depok Supermarket project.
In Transmart Depok Supermarket project, the Master Schedule be a mutual agreement
between the parties PT. PP (persero). as the executor (contractor) and PT. Alfa Retail Indo as the
owner. However, in practice, the contracting parties have internal duration for each activity that
might be sooner than that contained in the Master Schedule, where different durations are possible
to speed up the work in the event of a delay so that the project can be completed on time.
52
SCHEDULE PERSONIL KONTRAKTOR

PROYEK TRANSAMART DEPOK
DEPOK, JAWA BARAT
No Personil APR MEI JUN JUL AGST SEP OKT NOP DES JAN FEB MAR APR MEI JUN
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1 Project Manager
2 Site Engineer Manager
3 Site Operational Manager
4 Site Administration Manager L

5 Pengendalian operasioanal proyek L I
6 Site Engineer Struktur I B
Site Engineer Arsitek
B U
7
U R
8 Site Engineer MEP
R
9 Quantity Surveyor
L
10 Safety, Healty dan Enviroment Officer L E
11 Safety Supervisior E B
12 Administrasi dan Keuangan B A
13 Akuntansi
A R
R A
14 Pelaksana Struktur
A N
15 Surveyor
N
16 Peralatan
17 Drafter
18 Logistik
19 Umum

DEPOK, JAWA BARAT
2016
No Personil APR MEI JUN JUL AGST SEP OKT NOP DES
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 Project Manager
4 Site Administration Manager

L
I
B
Figure 4.1.1 Schedule of the occupants
53

DEPOK, JAWA BARAT
2017
No Personil JAN FEB MAR APR MEI JUN
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 Project Manager
4 Site Administration Manager
L
I
B
Figure 4.1.2 Schedule of the managers
In field project the schedule of site engineering manager (SEM) not always the same with
schedule above. In some reason, site engineering manager usually came to Transmart Depok
Supermarket office at night because he have to do engineering training in PT.PP (persero) central
office. It was happened to project manager that he come to project office not always corresponding
with the schedule, but he often to come almost seven days in a week.
In addition, as described in the previous section, in the implementation of a project is
necessary to time control in order to determine the progress of the projects carried out, where the
time control system is embodied in the form of S-curves
54
Figure 4.1.3 S – Curve (11th april 2016 – 24th October 2016)
55
Figure 4.1.4 S – Curve (24th October 2016 – 19th February 2017)
56
Figure 4.1.5 S – Curve (19th February 2017 – 9th April 2017)
57
Figure 4.1.6 S – Curve (10th April 2016 – 15th June 2017)
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4.3 COST MANAGEMENT

Theoretical basis
Project Cost Management is the process to determine the rules, procedures, and
documentation preparation, arrangement, use and control of project costs. Project Cost
Management includes the processes involved in planning, estimating, budgeting, financing,
funding, managing, and controlling costs so that the project can be completed within the approved
budget. The main key of this process is the process stages where it can provide guidance on how
a project cost can be managed throughout the whole project. Project cost management can
determine the effect of every decision taken related to cost such as in the usage of human resources
for labors, materials, and other supporting goods and services where the estimated cost will be
controlled according to the budget. In short, project cost management is primarily concerned with
the cost of the resources needed to complete project activities. Ultimately, cost management
planning effort occurs early in project planning and sets the framework for each of the cost
management processes so that performance of the processes will be efficient and coordinated.
According to Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), there are four process
in project cost management which are: Plan Cost Management, Estimate Cost, Determine Budget
and Control Costs.
Plan Cost Management

Plan cost management is a process that establishes the policies, procedures, and
documentation for planning, managing, expending, and controlling project costs. The cost
management plan is a component of the project management plan and describes how the project
costs will be planned, structured, and controlled. The cost management processes and their
associated tools and techniques are documented in the cost management plan. Cost management
plan can establish rules of performance measurement, set units of measure, level of accuracy, level
of precision, control thresholds, and provide organizational procedure links where it will be a
guideline for the whole cost management process.
59
Estimate Costs
Estimate costs is the process of developing an approximation of the monetary resources
needed to complete project activities, or in simpler terms, it is a process where it determines the
amount of cost required to complete project work. Cost estimates are a prediction that is based on
the information known at a given point in time. Cost estimates include the identification and
consideration of costing alternatives to initiate and complete the project. Costs are estimated for
all resources that will be charged to the project. This includes, but is not limited to, labor, materials,
equipment, services, and facilities, as well as special categories such as an inflation allowance,
cost of financing, or contingency costs. Indirect costs, if they are included in the project estimate,
can be included at the activity level or at higher levels.
The Estimate Costs process will produce Activity Cost Estimates and Basis of Estimates,
as well as update (if any) project documents. Basis of Estimates may include documentation of all
assumptions, documentation of historical data, documentation of any constraints, indication of the
range of possible estimates as well as indication of the confidence level of the final estimation.
Determine Budget
Determine Budget is a process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities
or work packages to establish an authorized cost baseline. This process determines the cost
baseline against which project performance can be monitored and controlled. A project budget
includes all the funds authorized to execute the project. The Determine Budget process will
produce cost baseline, project funding requirements, and update (if any) project documents.
The cost baseline is the approved version of the time-phased project budget, but excludes
management reserves which can only be changed through formal change control procedures and
is used as a basis for comparison to actual results. It is developed as a summation of the approved
budgets for the different schedule activities. Total funding requirements and periodic funding
requirements (e.g., quarterly, annually) are derived from the cost baseline. The cost baseline will
include projected expenditures plus anticipated liabilities. Funding often occurs in incremental
amounts that are not continuous, and may not be evenly distributed. The total funds required are
those included in the cost baseline, plus management reserves, if any. Funding requirements may
include the source(s) of the funding.
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Control Costs
Control costs is a process of monitoring the status of the project to update the project costs and
managing changes to the cost baseline. This process provides the means to recognize variance
from the plan in order to take corrective action and minimize risk. Project cost control includes:
• Influencing the factors that create changes to the authorized cost baseline;
• Ensuring that all change requests are acted on in a timely manner;
• Managing the actual changes when and as they occur;
• Ensuring that cost expenditures do not exceed the authorized funding by period, by WBS
component, by activity, and in total for the project;
• Monitoring cost performance to isolate and understand variances from the approved cost
baseline;
• Monitoring work performance against funds expended;
• Preventing unapproved changes from being included in the reported cost or resource
usage;
• Informing appropriate stakeholders of all approved changes and associated cost; and
• Bringing expected cost overruns within acceptable limits.
Cost control process normally is carried out during project execution period, where usually
there is difference between the actual working conditions with the planned condition which needs
re-adjustments in cost control which leads to the need of updating the cost baseline. Using Earned
Value Management (EVM), cost variance can provide information on predicted cost, and whether
proceeding projects are below or higher than intended planned cost.
In Transmart Depok Supermarket Project, the cost control department is managed by the
commercial manager, quantity surveyor and the buyer. The commercial manager is in charge in
managing material supply requests from the site manager. The material supply requests will then
be assessed regarding its quantity according to available budget before compiling the material
supply requests into a report, where the quantity surveyor will re-check whether the costs required
in the material supply report complies with the current available budget and whether the decision
can be sustainable cost-wise in the future.
The decision making also consider with the WBS that have been made before the construction
begin, this component is the boundary of all actions. The quantity surveyor is also in charge of
documenting every decision that are made. If the material supply report is approved, the quantity
61
surveyor will then convey and submit the finalized decision to the commercial manager, where the
commercial manager will issue the buyer to buy the site manager’s requested materials. However
during construction process, sometimes the owner give another request or change it then the project
management will have meeting with other occupants to brainstorming about control cost, time,
and also quality.
Basically while the owner give another request or change the request, they give money for
extra request but without extending time such as at the top floor of the Transmart Depok
Supermarket, at first the owner intended to place a roller coaster because of some reason.
Meanwhile after 6 month the owner changed they mind and they decided to place a roller coaster
at the top floor therefore the contractor make a deal to the owner to give extra money for build
special floor at the top since it was changed the plan.
4.4 QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Theoretical basis
Based on the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), project quality
management is an activity that consists of several processes and activities that are carried out by
an organization to define the policies, objectives and obligations relating to the quality so that the
project can meet the needs of the project as implemented. To that end, the project quality
management is one aspect in construction management that should not be forgotten in a
construction project. In quality management projects, there are several processes such as:
• Plan Quality Management, which is the identification process or quality standards required for
a project as well as its end result, and documenting how the project can meet the relevant
quality requirements.
• Quality Control, which is the process of monitoring and recording the results of quality control
activities to assess performance and provide recommendations on changes needed.
The management and quality control of PT PP (Persero) Transmart Depok Supermarket project
is under the Quality Control department, where this department oversees various implementation
procedures performed to comply with the requirements and specifications given. If at the time of
quality control is conducted and there are any defects or nonconformities found in the project, the
quality control department will issue recommendations for improvements or changes of the related
work so that the quality produced can be increased as required.
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Transmart Depok Supermarket project also uses the service of a construction management
consultant which is PT. Gratama Consultant where it acts as a supervisor on behalf of the owner
which is PT.Alfa Retail Indo. The construction management consultant in this project was
appointed directly by the owner. Additionally, broadly speaking, the role of construction
management is concerned with roles ranging from the supervision and control of materials,
implementation, equipment to labor.
Plan Quality Management

Quality standard at PT. PP (persero) refers to the international standard of ISO 14001 as a
comprehensive reference for any project that may affect the ability of the products produced by a
project to satisfy the needs. For quality management system at Transmart Depok Supermarket
project, PT. PP (persero) refers to the ISO 9001-2000, which was followed by other quality
standards such as:
• Reinforced Concrete Indonesia Regulation (PBI) 1991, published by the Foundation for
Normalization of Indonesia;
• Regulation of Construction Wood Indonesia (PKKI) 1961, published by the Foundation
for Normalization of Indonesia;
• General Regulations Building Materials in Indonesia in 1982;
• American Concrete Institute (ACI)
• American Standards for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
According to SEM or our supervisor, this project rather to use ISO 9001 than National Standard
(SNI) because this standard is already covered the national standard and it is avowed by
international. PT. PP (persero) vision and mission are giving priority to quality and effective for
every project that they build as main contractor.
Quality Control
Quality control in Transmart Depok Supermarket project can be divided into three
components: quality control of materials, quality execution, and human resources and labor. The
three components can clearly be seen in the following discussion:
• Quality Control of Material
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Material is the cornerstone of a construction work. The quality control of the material that are
to be used is the main thing that must be done. Hopefully, by the material quality control, the final
results of the construction project can meet the standards or quality requirements. Here are a few
examples of materials control carried out on Transmart Depok Supermarket Project :
a. Concrete Quality
The components of reinforced concrete structures are the component that are most widely
used in the project, therefore the amount of concrete required is not small. To adjust the
concrete products produced with the required specifications to the work, PT.PP (persero).
represented by a structural site engineer structure along with representatives of the construction
management consultant conducted a review of mixing for each quality of concrete needed for
each batch of the concrete. This was done to determine the composition of the concrete
according to the quality required, these activities are usually called job mixing.
In addition, concrete quality control is also performed at the time of acceptance of the
concrete at the project site. Quality control testing is done in the form slump and preparing test
specimens for each 7m3 (1 mixer truck) concrete delivered. Slump test is witnessed and
measured directly by the construction management consultant, therefore if there is any
mismatch of the test results with the required specifications, the concrete can be denied
admission. To manufacture the test object itself, four cylindrical samples for each 10m3 of
concrete were tested for the seventh day, fourteenth day, 28th day and the last test specimen
used as a backup in case of errors and failures in testing.
In the event of a decrease in the strength of the concrete at the time of the test, which
resulted in non-compliance with the required specifications, the test was conducted by
destructive testing such as hammer test. If after these tests there is a decrease in the strength,
the concrete construction will be considered to be demolished or given special treatment in
accordance with the recommendations of the outcome of negotiations with MK, owner and
planner. This is done to maintain the quality of the resulting projects.
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Figure 4.4.1Concrete distribution

Based on figure 4.4.1 which is a map of third floor, it shows that in Transmart Depok
Supermarket Project divide this area into 11 areas. Not only for third floor, it is applying to all
floors in this building. They said this consideration to minimize any mistaken from low quality
of concrete that delivered from concrete company. PT. PP (persero) has contract in which
concrete company such as Hoclim, and Adhimix, these company had been chosen by the
contractor with owner permission. Based on the experience of engineers in PT. PP (Persero)
every project at least has 2 concrete company once they only use one concrete company and
sometimes this concrete company has problem such as coming late or low quality, it will
affected for whole part of the building. Besides that, the purpose of this map is to scheduling
the dates and time of concrete delivery and execution of it.
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Figure 4.4.2 Concrete Test

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Figure 4.4.1 Concrete Test by Trisakti laboratory

These form of concrete tests are gathered from the laboratory that are mentioned. Forms
purpose of this form is to make sure that this project use finest quality of concrete. The tests
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that were done are Compressive strength test, Water permeability, and Water Absorption test,
for slump test were done when concrete trucks came on site.
Trisakti concrete test form is used as report from the laboratory to the quality control
division then he will make new report based on Trisakti concrete form as accountability to
project manager and if the result is not well, then usually project manager will gather occupants
and having impromptu meeting. Consideration of choosing Trisakti laboratory rather than
others, is based on contract in between owner with the contractor and the laboratory although
Transmart Depok Supermarket Project location is nearby UI.
b. Steel Quality
In practice, steel reinforcement is one of the materials that is most used after the concrete. In
the process of reinforcement procurement, some tests were conducted. The first test is testing the
density of the proposed reinforcing steel material that was given by vendor, where it aims to ensure
the compliance with the rebar’s quality and specifications given on the brochure. Further testing
is testing the tensile strength and static arch conducted in the laboratory. This testing is done to
ensure a strong tension value of the reinforcing steel used in accordance with the required
specifications. Physically, reinforcing steel of good quality must meet several requirements
namely:
i. It has the same average cross-sectional size
ii. Has appropriate size with working drawings specifications
iii. Free from dirt, rust, oil layer, and does not crack or peel
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Figure 4.4.2 Reinforceed Steel Checklist

In figure 4 which is Reinforced Steel Checklist, the objective of this form is to make sure all
delivery of reinforced steel come on time and complete. As figure above the table is divided into
3 section which are I, II, and III. These sections are indicated of completeness of delivery material,
first row means the materials already complete at first delivery, for second and third rows means
that the delivery complete at second and third times.
Actually not only the completeness but the details of materials should be matched. This failure
occurred during construction progress such as steel wire, as checklist form on Ikatan Tulangan
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(steel wire) he wrote circle and gave a comment that the delivery did not match with the request
from Consultant.
• Quality Control of Human Resources

The number and capabilities of human resources that are used for construction projects greatly
affect the level of productivity of a job. Therefore, to support the creation optimization on the job,
human resource management is needed. Through the Daily Schedule Control (Jadwal Kontrol
Harian), supervisors can see the level of labor productivity for a job, so if it is not as expected, the
contractor can make changes so that the allocation of labor productivity required can be achieved
so that the project can be run on time. The allocation of human resources during this project not
only by daily schedule control but flexibility.
Flexibility means that if there are other workers that have be done with their jobs but other jobs
are less workers, these workers can be transferred temporary to other jobs. This action are daily
basis in this project to compress time and it proves more effective.
In addition to the quantity, quality control of human resources is also done at the time of
execution of the field, where the supervisor assisted by chief foreman supervise the performance
of every worker in the field, so that if there is lack of satisfaction of the contractor then the
contractor has the authority to apply for reimbursement of labor on the part of subcontractors.
Broadly speaking, the human resources and labor quality control in Transmart Depok Supermarket
project is done by:
• Selection of foreman and labor
• Controlling the quality of the work produced
• Giving time off to workers so that the work is not affected by physical condition
• Giving color difference on the helmet as well as the vest worn between the labors,
contractors, and subcontractors, as well as construction management consultant.
4.5 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Theoretical basis
Human Resource Management is a process which includes organizing, managing and
leading the project team. The project team consists of people with roles and responsibilities for
completing the project. Project team members have different skills, there are full- or part-time,
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there is also team members that are later added to or dismissed from the team as the project
progresses. Project team members often referred to as project staff. Although each member has a
role and responsibility, the involvement of individual members in the planning and decision-
making is very profitable. The participation of the team members during the planning stage will
add their expertise to the work processes and increase their commitment to the project.
1. Plan Human Resource Management: the process of identifying and documenting roles and
responsibilities, required skills, reporting relationships and create a plan of management
staff.
2. Acquire Project Team: a process to ensure the availability of human resources and get the
team needed to complete project activities
3. Develop Project Team: the process of increasing the competency, the interaction of team
members, and build a working environment to improve project performance
4. Manage Project Team: the process of evaluating the performance of the team members, get
feedback, solve problems and manage change to optimize project work
Project Organization Structure

At Transmart Depok Supermarket construction project there are four main elements
involved, namely PT Alfa Retail Indo as the Owner, PT Gratama Consultant as the construction
management consultant, three planning consultants and PT PP (persero) as a contractor.
Supervising consultant, planner and contractor is responsible directly to the owner due to
their contractual relationship. For project planning, owner is directly related to the project planning
consultants, while for field supervision is related to construction management. Contractors who
acts as project manager deals directly with construction management consultants in the field and
directly responsible to the owner. In order to facilitate the work of the contractor in cooperation
with sub-contractors to facilitate and accelerate the work. Sub-contractors deal directly with
contractors due to their full contractual relationship.
a. Owner
Owner is the owner of the idea and funds to build or deliver the project where the owner can
appoint an expert or a legal entity to conduct as the planning process pleases. The owner of this
project is PT. Alfa Retail Indo. The Owner has the duty and authority as follows:
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• Selecting a planning consultant

• Selecting a main contractor
• Issuing Work Order (SPK) to contractors
• Approving Work Order (SPK), Letter of Agreement, and payment documents with
contractors
• Finance all expenditures for the construction of the project
• Approve or disapprove of the job change
• Receive the results of the work of the contractor in accordance with the conditions agreed
by the contract documents
b. Planning consultant
The planning consultant functions to implement procurement planning documents,
construction documents, providing an explanation of work at the time of the auction and providing
clarification and completion suggestions on planning issues that arise during the construction
phase. The planning consultant works since the planning stage until the time of handover by the
contractor. In this project there are several planning consultants which have expertise in their
fields.
• PT. Garis Rancang Bangun as Architectural Planning Consultant.
• PT. Catur Inti Dinamika as a Structural Planning Consultant.
• PT. Garis Rancang Bangun as Mechanical and Electrical Planning Consultant.
The planning consultant has duties and authorities as follows:
• Design and plan a structure according to the owner’s likings and orders
• Has overall responsibility for all planning that are made
• Give consideration and advice on every structural work
• Make all project calculations project based on the technical data that was previously set
c. Construction management consultant

The construction management consultant is assigned by the owner to supervise and oversee
the implementation of the project so that the building can be well built, timely effective as well as
efficient. In Transmart Depok Supermarket project, the construction management consultant
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appointed by the owner is PT Gratama Consultant. The construction management consultant has
duties and authorities as follows:
• Approve work plans and shop drawings of the contractors
• Conduct daily surveillance which includes monitoring of the quality of materials,
equipment, labor and direct supervision of the field work practice, and supervision of the
testing of materials and equipment
• Evaluating the results of tests performed by contractors
• Coordinate various parties related to the construction work practice
• Pause or withhold a job under certain circumstances when there is a deviation or irrelevant
practices that are set by the regulations contained in the contract documents
• Prepare and submit monthly reports and final report to owner
d. Contractor
The contractor or service provider is the party that won the procurement tender of construction
services in which they have a duty to implement or work on the project in accordance with the
agreed contract. In Transmart Depok Supermarket project, the main contractor is PT.PP (persero).
The contractor has duties and authorities as follows:
• Create work methods
• Carry out work in accordance with the contract
• Prepare material, labor, equipment and everything that is used to support the project
• Carry out revisions and design changes as instructed by the owner
• Has overall responsibility for all the work and the errors of any related works regarding the
contractor’s scope of work
• Hand over finished work to the owner
In the project, there are a group of people in the contractor’s team who have a working
relationship, cooperate and interact with each other in carrying out a scope of work in the field of
construction to achieve a common goal which is levelled according to their position and expertise
which altogether forms an organizational structure. The project organizational structure serves to
set facilitate each members in coordinating the project from the given directives or orders
according to their position and status.
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Figure 4.5.1 Organization Structure of Main Contractor

Transmart Depok Supermarket Project is leading by Project Manager which is Mr. Ir. Arso
Anggoro, with all commands during construction progress come from Project Manager. The
Project Manager has subordinates that are Site Engineering Manager (SEM), Site Operation
Manager (SOM), and Site Administration Manager (SAM), these sections have direct order from
the Project Manager and also they are responsibility of their jobs. Site Engineering Manager acts
as day – to – day managers on a construction site, and the main source of technical advice and
quality control for everyone working on it. The role also involves levelling and surveying a site,
checking drawings and quantities and ensuring the accuracy of calculation from consultant works,
for this section takes over by Mr. Triyadi and he is our supervisor during internship.
A site operation manager has a broad role and managing day – to – day activities during
construction progress, analyzing statistic and write report, and he also have to do a lot of interaction
with human resources such as mandor (Foreman) and he’s subordinates to control the operation.
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Not only the human resources, but all the operations that should be successfully done such as
concrete casting actions, installing precast and so on, in this section takes over by Mr. Suyadi.
Last manager is a site administration manager that takes over by Mr. M. Fajar. A great
administration manager has excellent communication and organizational skills. The ideal
candidate will be well-versed in departmental procedures, procurement and policies it will be able
to actively discover new ways to do the job more efficiently. The goal is to ensure all support
activities are carried on efficiently and effectively to allow the other operations to function
properly.
The organizational structure in Transmart Depok Supermarket Project has other sections that
have ordered directly by Project Manager which are Quality Control and Health Safety and
Environment. These two section have no subordinates thus they job are independent since during
construction progress, budget should be compressed and all action should be effective therefore
the project manager is selective to choose the most experience and expert occupants for this
section.
In quality control that is Mr. Sujanto jobs, he is the most important things in every construction
project since it control the quality of everything start from materials until human resources. For
the quality of materials, he should interpret and review shop drawings for example in concrete
casting situation, in Transmart Depok Supermarket Project they use 2 different concrete company
and each concrete company has different areas to pour their concrete. As quality control he has to
monitor concrete casting to pour in exact place and time based on shop drawing that has been
planned by consultant. For quality of workers, he has to educate workers on the required standards.
Health safety and environment section takes over by two occupants which are Mr. Budianto
and Mr. Gofar. These two people are partner with the same jobs description. In this section, they
have to educate workers to use costume that are should be used during construction progress such
as helmet, vest and boots, monitor workers to make sure all of them are wearing costume during
construction progress and give punishment whether they are not using costume during construction
progress. In facts, in this section both of them are not collaborates well since only one man is done
his job really well even though he is almost taking all of this jobs and the other more likely has
longer rest then that man.
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4.6 RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk management is one of the ten knowledge areas defined in PMBOK. Project risk can
be defined as an unforeseen event or activity that can impact the project's progress result or
outcome in or activity that can impact the project s progress, result or outcome in a positive or
negative way. The PMBOK project management knowledge areas is the Project Risk Management
knowledge area, which consists of the following processes:
• Plan Risk Management
• Identify Risks
• Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
• Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
• Plan Risk Responses
• Monitor and Control Risks
Plan Risk Management

This process entails how you intend to manage risks. Key inputs to this process are: Project
Scope Statement, Cost Management Plan, Schedule Management Plan, and Communications
Management Plan. Your organization may also have a certain attitude towards risk and risk
tolerance. Therefore, Enterprise Environment Factors is also a key input. The output of this process
is the Risk Management Plan, which can include:
• Roles and Responsibilities, which is also used in many PMBOK project management
knowledge areas
• Risk categories, which is more easily done by using a Risk Breakdown Structure
• Definitions of risk probability and impact, which is useful in computing the Expected
Monetary Value (EMV)
• Reporting formats
• Tracking
• The output of the PMBOK Project Risk Management process is the Risk Management
Plan.
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Identity Risk
The Identify Risks process of PMBOK Project Risk Management entails identifying risks
and documenting their characteristics. Identify Risks is a process that you’ll revisit several times
during the project. For example, you may identify risks during the daily team meeting. Key inputs
to this process are: Risk Management Plan, Activity Cost and Duration Estimates, Scope Baseline,
and Stakeholder Register. There may be other project documents, such as Assumptions Log and
Work Performance Reports, which can help in this process. Some Tools and Techniques used in
this process are: Brainstorming, SWOT Analysis, and Expert Judgment. The output of this process
is the Risk Register, which contains the list of potential risks and the potential responses. Project
Risk Management is one of the critical PMBOK Project Management knowledge areas.
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

This process entails assessing the impact and likelihood of identified risks. The purpose
(output) of this process is to prioritize risks and update the Risk Register, which was created in the
Identify Risk process. Therefore, the Risk Register is a key input to this process. Other inputs are
the Risk Management Plan and the Scope Statement. Some Tools and Techniques used in this
process are: Risk Categorization, Probability/Impact Rating Matrix, and Expert Judgment. The
output of this process is an updated Risk Register, which will contain relative ranking of risks and
watch-lists of low priority risks. In PMBOK Project Risk Management quantifying risks is the
next step.
Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

This process involves the quantification of each risk with numerical values. Key inputs
include: Risk Register, Risk Management Plan, Cost Management Plan, and Schedule
Management Plan. Some Tools and Techniques used in this process are: Expected Monetary Value
Analysis Using Decision Trees and Expert Judgment. The output of this process is an updated Risk
Register, which will contain a prioritized list of quantified risks and probabilistic analysis of the
project. In PMBOK Project Risk Management quantifying risks is the process
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Plan Risk Responses

In this PMBOK project management knowledge areas, Risk Response planning involves
the process of reducing negative risks (threats) and enhancing positive risks (opportunities). Key
inputs of PMBOK project risk management include: Risk Register and Risk Management Plan.
Some Tools and Techniques used in this process are: Strategies for Negative Risks, Strategies for
Positive Risks, and Expert Judgment. Some outputs of this process of PMBOK project risk
management are:
• An updated Risk Register, which will contain residual risks, secondary risks, and
contingency amount.
• Project Management Plan Updates and Risk-Related Contractual Agreements
Monitor and Control Risk

In this PMBOK project management knowledge areas, the process of keeping track of risks
during the project is involved. It requires the Risks Register and Risk Management Plan as the key
inputs. Some tools and techniques include Risk Audits and Status Meetings. Key outputs are: Risk
Register Updates and Requested Changes. For a complete list of the Inputs, Tools and Techniques,
and Outputs (ITTO) of PMBOK project risk management, refer to the PMBOK. This is the last
process of the PMBOK project risk management knowledge area. The PMBOK project
management knowledge areas consist of many others. A common problem area is project cost
management.
In PT. PP (persero), the company has determined risk management policy as part of
corporate policy signed by President Director. The risk management policy contained risk
management implementation objectives and direction as well as duty of every unit in the
Company’s risk management. The risk management policy regulated clearly that every employee
is being responsible and accountable in managing each risks in consistent and continuous manner.
Meanwhile, as the highest accountability holder in risk management, the Management draws
strategic direction and set risk parameter.
As the risk management supervisor in the Company, Risk Management Division (DVMR)
was established under the Finance Director. As risk manager in the Company, DVMR provides
recommendation upon risk measurement in every unit according to best and most update
information to give recommendation in management strategic decision making.
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The risk management implementation is an integrated part of strategic planning and

operational activity of the Company, as embodiment of Good Corporate Governance (GCG)
implementation. With good risk management, every risk is expected to be identified, managed,
controlled and mitigated properly that will not encourage negative implication against the
Company’s target achievement. In addition, good risk management implementation will also
explore opportunity to boost profit of the Company as well as increase trust from the stakeholders.
Problems
During this project not whole parts were going well although the plans were well – prepared
and well – consideration, there are some problems that occurred in construction management
section.
• Time Management
• Schedule of employee particularly on managers it does not match with reality, such
as our supervisor. In the schedule, he has to come to construction field at least once
in a week but sometime he has not come to the construction field because of some
reasons.
• It has extended time for this project because of procurement at the finishing,
actually this issue was the owner mistaken since they did last procurement. Last
procurement is the roller coaster and other games for the top floor. The influence
of that action, last wall as finishing for this construction were late.
• Quality Management
• In concrete test it only use 1 sample for 4-5 trucks. In this section, were actually
based on the owner request but it is break the engineering ethics, since during
construction process every truck has to be tested no matter.
• It is less effective for concrete test since the test is done in Trisakti although the
project is located in Depok. Based on the engineers interviewed, this action is made
because of the contract between contractor company and the laboratory, although
the place between this laboratory with the construction field.
• Human Resources
• For some reasons, there are some employee in this project seems lack of duty. For
example like one of the HSE occupants are frequently seems took more rest than
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the other one. Once our teams came to the construction field, as a HSE he should
give any directions to avoid any kind accidents for every stakeholders however he
just gave us a letter of statement and other paper that include of any action that
should not do without any explanation from him.
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CHAPTER 5
HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
5.1 Introduction
Safety is very necessary in any kind of workplace. In the construction industry,
there are a lot of hazard that present in the project site. There are risks associated with every
workplace. In some industries, the outcome of a typical incident may be relatively slight,
for example an office worker shaken and upset by slipping on a wet floor. In other
industries, specifically in the construction work area, a typical incident can have far more
severe consequences, such as a worker pinned beneath an overturned structure, a building
worker hurt in a fall, or a steel worker caught up in machinery. Even more extreme
consequences may also lead to death. Accidents create not only personal grief and distress
but also huge financial costs and unwelcome negative publicity for the organization and
industry concerned. They are of great interest and concern to all of the organization’s
stakeholders such as its employees, managers, shareholders, local residents and businesses,
and suppliers.
Therefore, a certain precise management system is crucial in the involvement of a
construction process. This management system includes an organizational structure, plan,
responsibility, implementation, procedure, process, and resources needed for development,
implementation, achievement, assessment, and maintenance of occupational health and
safety policy in controlling the risk where it is associated with work activities in order to
create a comfortable and safe workplace, and also productive, where usually it is called by
HSE management.
5.2 General View of HSE

HSE (Health, Safety, and Environmental Protection) is one of the main focus in
construction work in order to guarantee the sustainability of the project, and to assure that
the project is hazard as well as danger-free. Moreover, HSE is to guarantee the safety of
the physique and soul of the workers, as well as the surrounding construction area,
especially to prevent any sort of mishaps such as accidents during work, injuries because
of work activities, fires, explosions, and also environmental contamination. That being
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said, Health Safety and Environmental Protection is vitally important in the building and
construction industry. Every worker has the right to work in a safe environment, and
employers should ensure safety is their number one priority on site. Employees have the
right to stop work if there is an imminent risk to their health and safety. If this occurs,
employees must follow any reasonable direction of their employer to perform other work
that is safe and appropriate for them.
HSE are all the conditions and factor which it can affect to the safety and health of
the worker or even another concerned stakeholder such as the contractor, supplier, guest,
or even the society around the work area. On the other hand, the explanation from ILO
(International Labor Organization) is that Health Safety and Environment acts as an
activity to prevent and increase the degree of physique, mental, as well as its social aspects
into the highest level for all workers in every position to prevent the declination of health
of the workers caused by the condition of their job; protect every work from any possible
risk that may happen from any factors that will be detrimental to health; placement of
workers in their designated work place should be in accordance with the physiological and
psychology of the workers itself.
5.3 Rules of HSE in TransMart
HSE regulations and programs on TransMart Depok project is the implementation
of the legislation on occupational safety and health that have been set by the government
and the implementation of regulatory standards of the HSE division of PT. PP (Persero)
Tbk. Basic HSE regulations used as a reference in the TransMart Depok project include:
1. Safety standards of PT. PP (Persero) Tbk.
2. Act No. 1 of 1970 About the Work Safety
3. The Minister of Health No. 1405 / Menkes / SK / XI / 2002
4. The Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 2 of 1980 On Medical Examination
of Labor
5. Act No. 18 of 2008 on Waste Management
6. Minister of Environment Decree No. 112 of 2003 on Water Quality Domestic
Waste
7. Act Number 23 Year 1997 on Environmental Management
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8. Government Regulation No. 18 of 1999 on Waste Management of Hazardous

and Toxic Materials
9. Act No. 7 of 2004 on Water Resources
10. Government Regulation No. 41 Year 1999 on Air Pollution Control
11. Ministry of Manpower Decree No. 186 of 1999 on Fire Prevention Unit at Work
12. Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 1 Year 1970 About Safety at Work
13. Act No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower
Besides the official standard regulation of HSE, PT PP (Persero) Tbk has its
own standard quality of safety environment.
Figure 5.1 Quality Target Safety of PT PP (Persero) Tbk

The Quality Target Standard of PT PP (Persero) Tbk is present in every
project site’s office of PT PP. The Quality Target Safety of PT PP consist of the
mandatory condition of some aspectrs in the construction site of PT PP
(Persero) Tbk. The Quality Target standard ensures that the construction project
is secured and avoid hazards in the site.
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5.4 HSE Organization Structure

PT PP (Persero) Tbk organized the Health Safety and Environment protection issue for the
project as the main contractor. There is a HSE division in organization TransMart Depok Project
which consist of HSE Specialists. The HSE of this project follows the standard of ISO 9001,
OHSAS 2007 and ISO 14001.
Figure 5.2 HSE Organization Structure of TransMart Depok Project

Source: PT PP (Persero) Tbk
The HSE Officer is the highest position of Health, Safety and Environmental Organization
in TransMart Depok Project, occupied by Mr. Budianto. The HSE Officer is fully responsible for
the implementation and application of HSE throughout the TransMart Depok project. Under the
HSE Officer, there is a HSE Supervisor position, occupied by Mr. Govar. The Supservisor of HSE
usually consist about one or two persons. However, there is only one HSE supervisor in the
TransMart Depok Project. The HSE officer and Supervisor are constantly controlling every worker
and any aspect that is related to the safety, health and environmental issue.
5.5 HSE Implementation

TransMart Depok project has the Health Safety and Environment program to ensure the
convenience of the people in the project site. The HSE program is designed from the beginning of
the project and is used as an implementation reference or guideline of HSE actions that should be
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done throughout the project. This program is presented in the form of a list of programs, rules of
the related program, program implementation schedule, and the person in charge of each HSE
program.
There are several implementation to the project, which are:
Safety Agreement
Before entering the project site, all of the individuals must read and sign the Agreement
provided by the HSE officer, including submitting their copy of identity card. The individuals are
not limited to the workers and employees of the project site but also any visitors that needs to enter
the project site. The agreement is consisted of required conditions and equipment that the person
must obey. Every individual who has not yet visit the project site or in their first time visiting the
project site are directly be commanded to enter the HSE office and sign the agreement.
Personal Protection Equipment (APD).
Personal Protection Equipment or Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) is the equipment set
mandatory to be equipped inside the project site. The function of APD is to protect the safety of
the person or the people around it. The APD also gives alert to the anyone of the worker’s existence
in the project site and preventing from the any potential dangerous risks. PT PP (Persero) Tbk has
its own standard for the APD which are safety boots, hard helmet and construction vest.
During the implementation, any workers who do not use the proper safety equipment will
be given a warning letter. If a worker is caught not following the rules for the second time, that
worker will be fired. This method is used to prevent any worker that is not constantly following
the HSE rules. The HSE officers are controlling and observing the workers every day to make sure
that the HSE Safety rules is properly followed.
85
Figure 5.3 Safety Room for TransMart Depok project

The safety room based on figure above is the office for the both HSE officer and
HSE supervisor as well as the room to store the APD for office workers. The visitors who are
entering the project site for the first time are mandatory to enter the safety room. Either the safety
supervisor or the
Safety Talk
Besides that, there is a safety talk once in a month for every worker. A safety talk is a
hands-on way to remind workers that health and safety are important on the job. Each talk takes
about five minutes and can help workers recognize and control hazards on the project. Safety talks
demonstrate the commitment of employers and workers to health and safety. Use the Safety Talk
Report Form to keep a record of each talk delivered. Record the date, topic, and names of attendees.
Incident
The HSE organization is fully responsible for the safety of people, both inside the project
and outside the project. Whenever there is an accident during the work, the project work will be
stopped immediately for a certain amount of time. The HSE organization also conduct a
cooperation with the nearby hospital, which is Rumah Sakit Bhakti Yudha. The purpose of this
cooperation is to fasten the process of treating the injury of the workers. The HSE of the project
86
site will be the one to asked for responsibility if there is any accident happens inside the project
site as well as its surroundings.
Figure 5.4 Rumah Sakit Bhakti Yudha that cooperate with TransMart Depok project
Source: Kota.com
Figure 5.5 The distance between RS Bhakti Yudha and TransMart Depok
Source: Google Maps, 2017
87
Based on the Figure 5.5, the location of RS Bhakti Yudha and TransMart Depok is not far.
It can be easily reached by only 5 minutes using a car. The flexibility in the location between RS
Bhakti Yudha and TransMart Depok project site allows the workers or any visitors to be escorted
directly to the hospital when an accident happens. The cooperation between PT PP (Persero) Tbk
and RS Bhakti Yudha was established before the project work starts. It is one of conditions that
must be fulfilled before starting a project of PT PP (Persero) Tbk.
5,6 Problem
There are some problems that was seen in regard to the HSE during the construction work
of TransMart Depok. Even though that the PT PP already provide the whole APD for all the
workers, some of the workers are still not following the safety standard.
Figure 5.6 Workers do not wear full APD equipment during concrete casting
Source: Writer’s Documentation, 2017
As seen in Figure 5.5, some workers only wear the hard helmet and safety boots, without
wearing any construction vest. The construction vest may not seem very influential as an alert of
the existence of a person, which is why some of the workers did not wear the construction vest.
88
The construction vest itself gives more prominently presence of a person. It may also be happening
due to the limited HSE supervisor during the construction work.
These rules violation occurs is highly due to the former rules that was applied. Up until
March 2017, the HSE officer confirmed a rule for the workers who violate the safety standard. The
consequences for not following the safety standard is a fine to the foreman of the worker. Later
on, the HSE will charge to the foreman which had the worker who violate the safety standard (not
wearing proper APD). However, it turns out that this method of consequences is not effective
because the worker does not certainly pay to the foremen for his own violation. Due to that, the
HSE Officer change the consequences for not using the proper APD. The new consequences are
giving warning letter the first time the workers are violating the safety standard. The warning letter
warns that the next time they done it again, they will be fired immediately.
89
CHAPTER 6
CONCLUSION
Attending the Internship subject in TransMart Depok project has certainly giving experience
for the writers in regard to civil engineering project. During the Internship subject, the writers
directly experience the work inside the project site including the structural work, construction
management and HSE application. These experiences and knowledge which obtained through the
Internship at TransMart Depok has supplied the writer’s preparation in entering the work field
later.
The writers have fulfilled the purposes of the Internship Program as written in Section 1.2
Including observing and study the construction method and construction management in
TransMart Depok. The construction management includes the understanding the detail of some
division’s task of quality management, time management and human resources management. The
writers also encounter some problems inside the project side such as the changes in structural
placement and unequipped safety attire by the workers.
The Internship Report solely written based on the writer’s experience during the Internship
subject at TransMart Depok. The Internship Report is surely gainful in sharing about the works in
the construction project. Hopefully, this Internship report may be beneficial for both the writers
and the reader.
90
APPENDIXES
Figure 7.1 Acceptance Letter from PT PP for Internship

Source: PT PP (Persero) Tbk, 2017
91
Fig
Figure 7.2 Lecturer Supervisor’s Log
92
Figure 7.3 Field Supervisor’s Log

93
Figure 7.4 Letter of Statement of finishing Internship from PT PP

Source: PT PP (Persero) Tbk, 2017
94
Figure 7.5 Writers with the Field Supervisor

94
Figure 7.6 C02b Column Section

Source: PT.PP (Persero), Tbk
95
Figure 7.7 C04 Column Section

96
Figure 7.8 C05 Column Section

97
Figure 7.9 C05a Column Section


Internship Report TransMart Depok

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TRANSMART DEPOK PROJECT

INTERNSHIP REPORT BOOK

Submitted as one of the requirements to obtain

GIOVANNI ABEL CHRISTIAN

STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY PAGE

This Internship Final Report is our original work,

Name : Giovanni Abel Christian

Nama : R.M Fadhilah Wicaksono

Depok, August 2017

Name(s) : Giovanni Abel Christian; R.M. Fadhilah Wicaksono

TITLE PAGE ..................................................................................................... i

3.4.3. Emergency Staircase .....................................................................37

Figure 2.1 Project Location Map TransMart Depok ........................................... 6

Figure 3.4.5.2 Beams and Column Precast ........................................................... 47

Table 2.1 Project’s Dimension for each floor .....................................................18

1.2 Purpose of Internship Program

1.3 Time and Location of The Project

1.4 Implementation Method of Internship

1.5 Scope of The Project

1.6 Viewpoint of The Project

1.7 Writing Systematic

2.1. TransMart Depok Project Background

2.2. Project General Description

Figure 2.1 Project Location Map TransMart Depok

Figure 2.2 TransMart Depok

Figure 2.3 TransMart Depok Site Plan

Figure 2.4 TransMart Depok project Basement 3 Floor Plan

Figure 2.5 TransMart Depok project Basement 2 Floor Plan

Figure 2.6 TransMart Depok project Basement 1 Floor Plan

Figure 2.7 TransMart Depok project Ground Floor Floor Plan

Figure 2.8 TransMart Depok project F1 Floor Plan

Figure 2.9 TransMart Depok project F2 Floor Plan

Figure 2.10 TransMart Depok project F3 Floor Plan

Figure 2.11 TransMart Depok project Roof Plan

Figure 2.12 TransMart Depok project Cross-Section View

2.3. Technical and Non-Technical Data

2.3.2 Technical Project Data

12. Project Dimension

No Tools Name Total

8 Genset 210 kVA 1

In construction project, various of construction methods are crucial things that

Transmart Depok Supermarket project is the place whereas internship did,

3.2 STRUCTURAL OUTLINE

Figure 3.2.1 First Floor Floor Plan

Figure 3.2.2 C01 Column First Floor Floor Plan

Figure 3.2.3 C01 Column Section

Dimension of the column

Formwork height : 4 meters

Formwork width : 94.4 cm

Column height : 4 meters

3.3 JOB DIVISION

Figure 3.3.1 Organization Structure

3.4 STRUCTURAL WORK

3.4.1 Column Work (All Floors except 3th Floor)

Dimension of reinforcement steel bars

Figure 3.4.1.1 Reinforced steel bars

Figure 3.4.1.2 Column Formwork

a. Scaffolding and Formwork

Figure 3.4.2.1 Concrete Casting Upper side

b. Reinforcement Bars Fabrications

Figure 3.4.2.3 Reinforced steel bars

Figure 3.4.2.4 Concrete Casting

3.4.3 Emergency Staircase (All Floors)