Académique Documents
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Unguided
Transmission
2 Emitted then radiated through air or a vacuum. Media
longitudinal and
6 Two basic kinds of waves. transverse
Longitudinal
9 Currents that flow in the same direction. currents
Common mode
10 Cancellation of common mode signals. rejection
Parallel-
conductor
transmission lines
and
Most common metallic cables used to interconnect coaxial
data transmission
13 communications systems and computer networks. lines.
Unshielded
twisted pair and
Shielded
15 Types of twisted pair. twisted pair
Pair 1: blue/white
stripe
and blue
Pair 2:
orange/white
stripe and orange
Pair 3:
green/white stripe
and green
Pair 4:
brown/white
Standard color code specified by the EIA for CAT-5 stripe
17 cable. and brown
Rigid air-filled;
23 Types of coaxial cables. solid flexible
Secondary
25 Transmission characteristics of a transmission line. constants
Dielectric
29 Relative permittivity of a material. constant
Conductor loss,
radiation loss,
dielectric
heating loss,
coupling loss and
30 Several ways in which signal power is lost. corona
31 Voltage that propagates from the source toward Incident voltage
the load.
Unmatched or
34 Incident power returned (reflected) to the source. mismatched line
Optical
communications
1 Uses light as a carrier of information. System
Alexander
5 Experimented with an apparatus called photophone. Graham Bell
Flexible
6 Used extensively in medical field. fiberscope
Laser (light
amplification by
stimulated
emission of
7 Invented in 1960. radiation)
1. wider
bandwidth and
greater
information
Capacity
2.immunity to
crosstalk
3. immunity to
statistic
Interference
4. environmental
8 Advantages of Optical Fiber cables. Immunity
5. safety and
convenience
6. lower
transmission loss
7. security
8. durability and
reliability
9. economics
1. interfacing
cost
2. strength
3. remote
electrical Power
4. optical fiber
cables are more
susceptible to
losses introduced
by bending the
cable
5. specialized
tools, equipment,
and
9 Disadvantages of Optical Fiber cables. training
Spontaneous
Process of decaying from one energy level to another decay or
energy spontaneous
14 level. emission
Prismatic
17 Spectral separation of white light. refraction
1. ultra violet
absorption
2. infrared
Three factors that contribute to the absorption losses absorption
in 3. ion resonance
25 optical fibers: absorption
26 Caused mainly by small bends and kinks in the fiber. Radiation losses
Contants-radius
27 Caused by excessive pressure and tension and bends
generally occur
when fibers are bent during handling or installation.
1. increase in
current density
generates a
more brilliant
light spot.
2. smaller
emitting area
makes it easier to
couple its
emitted light into
a fiber.
3. small effective
area has a
smaller
capacitance,
which allows the
planar
heterojunction
Advantages of heterojunction devices over LED to be used
homojunction at a
32 devices; higher speed.
Electromagnetic
2 Electrical energy that has escaped into free space. wave
Horizontal
Polarization and
Vertical
5 Forms of Linear polarization Polarization
Elliptical
7 Field strength varies with changes in polarization. Polarization
Homogeneous
28 One with uniform properties throughout. medium
Refraction,
Reflection,
Diffraction and
30 Optical properties of Radio Waves. Interference
Absorption
43 Fraction of power that penetrates medium 2. coefficient
Specular (mirror
45 Reflection from a perfectly smooth surface. like) Reflection
46 Surfaces that fall between smooth and irregular. Semirough surfaces
1. Given enough
transmit power,
round waves
can be used to
communicate
between any two
locations in the
world.
2. Ground waves
are relatively
unaffected
by changing
atmospheric
57 Advantages of ground wave propagation. conditions.
Line-of-Sight (LOS)
59 Space wave propagation with direct waves. Transmission
The curvature of Earth presents a horizon to space
wave
60 propagation. Radio Horizon
Fade margin
Fm = 30 logD +
To accommodate temporary fading, an additional 10log (6ABf) – 10log
loss is added (1-R) –
79 to the normal path loss 70
Chapter 15: Antennas and Waveguides – Review Notes
Radiation
6 The ratio of radiated to reflected energy. Efficiency
Vertical
Monopole or
8 Another name for quarter wave antenna. Marconi
The ratio of the front lobe power to the back lobe Front to Back
19 power. Ratio
Front to Side
20 The ratio of the front lobe to a side lobe. Ratio
Must be close to
40 Main disadvantage of Marconi Antenna. the Ground