BEERSEBA SR. SEC.

SCHOOL
2018-19

PROJECT ON
RECTIFIER

Submitted to Submitted by
Mr.L.D.Tewari Riya Bhardwaj
12th D

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 INDEX

1.Certificate

2.Acknowledgement

3.Introduction

4.Aim

5. Materials required

6.Half wave rectifier

7. Full wave rectifier

8.Bibliography

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 Certificate
This is to be certify that the project on ‘ Rectifier’
has been completed with all the efforts by Riya
Bhardwaj of class 12th D under supervision.

Physics teacher signature

External Examiner's signature

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 Acknowledgement

The project could have never been possible

without the support of various sources. It is
extremely impossible to thank every individual
who has helped me in completing this project. I
am extremely grateful to my mentor,
Mr. L.D Tewari for his invaluable guidance in the
project right from the beginning. His vital support
helped the project to take a logical and suitable
shape. Last but not the least; I would like to thank
everyone who has offered a helping hand when
required.

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 Introduction

A rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all

the alternating current components in an
alternating supply and make it direct current. The
two alternating halves of an alternating current
are rectified in a full wave rectifier which is an
advantage over a half wave rectifier. Most
electronic devices cannot withstand very high
voltage or alternating current due to its intense
high power. The use of batteries
in all devices is not practical as their replacement
and durability is a huge problem as the device has
to be dismantled each time for such
a replacement. So these rectifiers are used
in most of the electronic devices like TV’s, Radios,
Chargers,
and Lightings etc.

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 AIM

“To describe the working of

half wave and full wave
rectifier and show that
Alternating Current is
rectified into a Direct
Current”

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 Materials required

1. Connecting wires
2. A plug
3. Single lead wire - 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3 cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A Transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor (1 K Ω )
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11. Insulation tape.

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 Full wave rectifier
circuit diagram

Connection details:
The A.C. supply is given to both the input wires of
the transformer and the two ends of the
secondary coil is given to the P side of the two
diodes and the N side of the diodes are twined
and then connected to one end of the capacitor
and the other end to the center tap lead and to
the resistor. Further, the other end of capacitor
with the diode connection is connected to the
other end of the resistor. Connect 2 leads on both
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the ends of the resistor to measure the output
and this is connected to the +ve & -ve terminals of
the bulb.

Working

1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer,

it steps down the 230V main supply to 6 volts. It
has a capability of delivering a current of 500mA.
The 6 volts A.C. appearing across the secondary is
the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts.
During the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input Diode
D1 is forward biased and a current ‘I’ flows in the
circuit in the direction S 1D1 ABEOS1. During this
time diode D2 is reverse biased. So it does not
conduct any electric current. During the next half
cycle, the diode D2 is forward and D1 is reversed.
Hence D2 conducts current in the direction S2D2
ABEOS2and D1 does not conduct any current. In
subsequent half cycles of the A.C current the
above processes are repeated.

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In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows
through the resistor in only one direction ABE.
Even though the voltage across RL is
unidirectional it will still contain a few A.C
components. This is filtered and made smooth
using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C
current. A resistor is then used to adjust the
output voltage. Capacitor also nearly filters all A.C
components from the supply and resistance is
adjusted for the required output. As this is a
simple circuit, only one capacitor and a resistance
are being used. But there will be slight factor of
A.C. current still left in the output but it is
negligible. The output Direct Current and voltage
light up the LED.

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 Bibliography

● Physics – Textbook for XII (NCERT)

● Modern’s ABC of Physics

● Laboratory Manual (Rachna Sagar Pub.)

● www.slideshare.com

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