.. ...

362 OR[': DEPOS I'l'::i OF UTAH .

Qod dcgr.uJa.t.ion , and by tI\lu",eoqucnt ag:;r.ldntiofl which ilOI-I.IS'J't.:R, O. J .. Gold and silver mink,; in Utab: .\m .
may bo due to "light depreK3"ion. it .. .it l ost.. :\IiJI . Eng. Trnn j ., \"01. ] 6, pp. 3- 18, ISS".
During theae h nd mo\'cmentJ:I tboacLivity of the ero...q\,c K BITR, A R·mUlt . Sl'e Dot1twell.
agents has v~cd nccordc.ntl y. At aD early date aurifer- KL'\G , C. , Sy;; I {~ma.ticge:J l ogy: U. S. G·ool. E:'I:pi. 401.h Pu.
ous grd.\'cl W:ltl formed by the oro~iou of so ld-beari ng ore Final R epL, vol. 1, pp. 1&4, 1~5, !:!i:1-21<J, :nI, 293,
:-thoots in li.m~to lle.i and of igneous :lnd probab ly ~d i­ 090, 1 ~i8 .
mcnt.uy 9.urifcrous roeb . Porti olls deposited in stream LAV,.U;X(XO, G .. The Old Tole~raph mine, Utah: Am . Inst.
bood w ore Bl!o:requcntly loft P1I benched by furthcr e<tream "rin. Eng . T ram-1 ., vol. 16, pp. 25-3.1 , 1 8~S; :\liu. a.nd
inci.'1ion. Repeated d eposit.ion Bnd Embsequentdisacction Sci. Prc.~, vol. 78, p. 5&1, 18U9 .
ha.... e produced a series oi bigh bench .nod rim deposit8of llincml Re."Ource.'-1 of 1-he Un itcd g ra te:!. anuual \·olurnes
auriforou!t grovel. The principal d cpoHlw of Q.Urll\,row 1882- :917. '
gra.vel were }a,.id down (1) at th'e c1000 of t.he erooion stage. :"fURf'DY, J . R, Th o mineral re;ource~ of th o Tcrriton' of
ma.rked by the mature slope,. oud (2) after tho closo of U~h. with minir.; s t.a.la;tics, nw.p!'! , etc., pp. 1-i, 6,
th e (:u tting of the recent canyon Qnd tho succeeding d~ H- 19,lSi2.
prtftriOD. -The ionncr is recorded by tho Art;:ouaut and RAY)(O-S D, R. W., S L:1.ti.-ltic:'4 cf milles ann mining ill the
Dhton bench gm\'c~, and tbe b.tter by the wed~eof cr~ek States a.nd 'l'crritories weal oi the Rocky }.[ountaiw,
gnlvels. E:l.Ch l'I!lnov3.1 of Cra,vol a nd its included pa.y ,·ol•. 1-7, 1869- 1877.
from higher to lower leveht, as well fl.i each tmusportation - - Production of co ld and Hih'c r i n th o United Swte8:
down.'\ tr~. h~ acted furth er to eort and to conccn trate Am. Insl. Jriu . Eng. Trn TL~ " vol. 3, pp. 202-20i, ]876.
th e gold. Thus the pretJCnt creek grnvel9, including their l
ea.itcrn continuation. include all t he gol d relCtLSCd from RUSH VALLE Y AND OPHIR DISTRICTS.
b~rock from earliest to )ate~t time, except the relatively
~f]NIN G HI S'rORY AX 0 PRODUCTION.
:m1all ])er cent leCt on the bench c3 ond that removed by
man. Tho pre'lant recent dL"OCctioa of the c~k gnwcls Uy V. C. HV.IK L.:::'.
and c.uy normal succc.~ioll of act idUes which mo.y foll ow
will con tinu e th is process of natur.ll cOJlcen t.r..&.t ion of the LOCATION OF THE DISTRICTS.
pi ""or gold.
Dl1lLIOGR .\P)rf .
The Rush VnUoy and Ophi.r disLricts, in
Tooelo CounLy, were formed June 12, 181H, and
A'I'WOOO, 'V. W., The pbYHiogrophic conditions at Dutte. August 6, 1370, respectively. These disLrict.
~Iont., and Bin; ham, l'w.ll, wh en tilo copper 0l't'H in wem originally pnrt of the West Mountain
theta ditltricta wero enriched: &"'011 . Geology, vo1.11, (Bingham) district. In 1863 they comprised
pp. 697-740, 1916.
the mining secti.ons now known us Camp Floyd
B&ESo!ol, l. J ., Tho dittlemiuiltc:>d copper orcs of Diugh ll.m
c..UYOD, UL3h: Am . Iuat. .Min . EuS. TJ'3ll.."'. , vol. 54, O<[ercur), Enst and Dry Canyon, Tintic, MId
pp. 306-401, 1917. Tooele districts. A narrow-gage r~ilroad, the
Bill{.".ulm BuUetCl, Dingluun, Ur.ar., M(l,Y 5, ]899. Utah & Nevada. R ..ilway, wus construct.ed in
lloUTW't::LL, J. M., Economic gcoiO'dY of the Dinguam min· Lhe seventies from Salt Lake City to St.ockton,
in~ district, {;t-lh, with n ~c::: t. ion on ared geology by
.\rthur Ke~th and 111\ ir.trcducticn on Slluer:U goology
and in 1905 this wos mll.de broad gage nnd
by S. F. Emmollit: U. S. Gco l. Su rvey Proi. PGpcr3S, became n. part of the u,s Angeles & S"lt Lake
1005. Railroad. In 1912 .\ branc.h of this ra.ilroad
Dn.\u I::x, E. n., Special report on Utah in ruportd of th o WIIS completed from SL Joh"s t.o Ophir, doing
Diroctorof tho ~Iint for 1807, 1898, l S!)tJ.
away with a wagon haul of about 16 mi.\es.
DUltClf.\nD, H. C., Ucpor1.3 of th~ Director of the ~rint lor
18S1, 1882, lSSJ, 1884. HISTORY.
E~D[oNS, S. F., Descriplivo geology: U. S. Ge:Jl. Expl.
R US H \' ALLE\· D ISTRlor.
40th Pat. Fin:.Ll f\.-C pt., vol. 2, pp. 4·13-454, 1877.
- - Introductioll, On t ho Oquirrh Mountain.'\, to report Rush Lake, from which Rush Valley takrs
by J . E . Spurr, on the "rercllr mining- d Ui tricl., Utah its name, is a l·emn ..nt of Lake non~eville.'
U. S. Gool. Survey SLxtcenth Atlll . Rept., pt. 2, pp.
3·l{)-369. 1895. In 1855 it was included in Il nUlit....y reserva-
- - The seconda.ry ellrichment of oro d epocdta: A.m . tion laid out by Lieut. E. J . St.eptoe for the
In~t. Min . Eng. Tmn:4., \'01 . 30, PI" . 19·1-19':', ]901. purpose of secu ..ing to the military post at
Sec also Boutwt>U. Camp Floyd the meadow llnd pasturage about
P.R:-;N~: n, C., Tho Old 1'~l t"~rnph mine: St'hool of ~IiQ.OlJ
Qu:nt., p p. 3D.>--:l.:;!l, l S9:1,
the lake shore. Gi.\bert allY.: I
GILlJERT, G. ' K ., Report on th e ~coIO'.;y (If portioos of Tho lund swveye in tho vnlley in 1856 did Dot inclu~e
Nc\,:w.n, U Lah , C~ornh, and .\rizoM: U. 8. Goog. the military reservation bu t :thowed the exiateDce uponlt
Ilud Geo!. Survoy:. \\'. tOOth !lor. Final Rept. \'01. 3 of a. Jo.ko. According to Gen. P. E. Connor, who SUC-
p. 2':', 1873. ' , ('.ccded Col. Steptoe in l SG2, there W;l.ij then onJy a "mall
HANAUER, A., Sped:ll report on U tah ill report~ of I.\w
1 (;ilI~rt, o. K., IA.\«(\ Donno,'iU~, : U. S. GC(j1. Sun ny)[on. I, p. 2J.C..
Director oi th o l(int for 188i.i-!SnG. 1~.
 0QvrnRH R '\~ GE,
363
ad tho r"""iuder of .he la!; e hed l)cillg "'--curie.] hy ' fl'om t,he Delmont<l and Great EMin 10 1,,0,s '
po , I d In l S6!) the u-.tft'r h(:~n t.) iacre:lM<' the T G'\. ' W - t. 1:1 ,
mold'" .~ , h'
tart )x>1"bL .... ed'111 l' 8-6
("'OS a\>«Atn f
' 1S-7
or "
I I atnl,;Q ' f
'hich ," . tuson In tho sume_~'vr:u' erect~d
II.
.
nnd llUt
gro>
IUoO It "-'IH~ed • Tho r;"o of. ihe
• h:w•"Ive -
....
.
'·r
~
IUbm......
.....·6.....
III operatiOn a smelter•WIth
. rtt cnpaclt,
,. of fjOO
the .... dow bUld ond rend."", tbe r...,n" h~ \180",," ~or po~nds a day. The Uruon '\ e.dotto says:
;111 odginQl purpc..:te.· It "'M tbere ioro olfida11y rc!m- Nllla rollS b:.l\'e b~D m::tdp. III :l. hundred pounds each
n.iE,boo hy {hel War Department in 1869. Tn }:,72, the and ZOO pounds of Dle~-u W08 obtained, .~me or WhlCh h:l~
~~I€r h€.ing nelr its highest. trt~de,
"" the lako W:l.IIb heen .ur\'eY~I:~
to this and ~)r,'ught
hy }l.Jhm ('.i t~· M5ay~l ~\ ~InlitoT
in collMctit)Q with the 8urrou.n mg C(.unt.ry y noe ()f h~ all,l gJn'tt $2'19 ill sil\-er p~r ton. The remainder is n~a.rly
p::.rtic:l of the Whccl.~r 8.W"\·ey nnd tho length wa.s de- pure l(,".ltl. .. • •
termiued t t) he ott Hll l:B . In l~SO, ""ht~,~ the l:~kQ ~'!l.'i Sotlll ufter t.ho t.ho CiyU 'Yur the
c}t}se of
vi;;ited 1'1 th~ wnttlr, It WUoS MId 1:)' re::lden(~ le· htw e I t C DId' b d d
'
abrunken to h~If s'. s max.!...,-.
. 'mum tn·z... li at
IVO' llll eel'S
nmp I
oug 115 We1'O 1~ an (' ,
. ,. 'elllg r(' evec! by regullir troops from the C'ISt.
I
The reservaLlOn 1 for t~o lUllitnry post \'OIlS ~ll)st of thoso ,,-ho hod mining prospects, lIfter
sold by th? Government m 18&1 nnd "'liS re- mc"ting and nmending the by-laws so us to
purchased ill 1864 b! Gen. Conner! wh~ oceu- make claims pcrpetuolly 'l'"lid which had hut
pied it with a portIOn of the. Coliform>l. nnd little work dona on them, left the Territory
Novoda volwlteers then stu.h oned nt Camp . to seok employment elsewhere. This net-ion,
I
Douglas, ne"r Snlt Lake. .The ~wn of Stocl,ton which prevented ull SUbsequent reloclltion of
was 6urveyed nod org:mtzed In :Marcb:. 18tH. I tho sumo ground, greatly retarded li.lld ill fuet
nnd ",,,de 11 )l1l1l tnl'Y p ost known us Cump prC'l'cl1t.ed for Eomo years t.he development of
RclieJ." the Rush Yalley district..'
Tho Ru. h Vulley deposits wcre diseovored' The mining claims of t,he disttict. cUlllrr in
in April, 181H, hy some members of Company tho footJillI, 1 to 2 mil,,, due enst, of Stocktol1,
" Second Clivalr)', Culifornia Volunteers, who und extcnd about 2 mil"s 1l00th alld " like dIS-
\r~r.gu8rdingstock on t,hereservation. Assays tance >0111.11.
from tho fil'St ledge~ di3covered proved to be Tho cnrly eondit,io lls of mining, rcview,)d in
rich in silver, und a mining diot-riet WIIS organ- bril,f dot nil by SIO.,l1 • in 1873, Ilre of interest.
iud. Tho fu'St house WIIS built in Stockton Sloan Sfly" in PllI't:
during July, 1864, and in 1866 the town had About midway tho district and 1 mile j",m Stockl.On
40 rnmilies and 400 inhabitants, L'f ~~ IH.':wv ouk.rop of il b(lit cd blue lim<>:stone running eo.al
Soon after the organizat.ion of tho district , nud wcst., Dippi ng under this if; a 'i':{·n~clirlL'!i " Cln,
Ueut Jwneos Finner ty erected It smnI1 t.nul (~ot iu width, carryi.n~ nrgenti1erouB galena, mix~d witb
;1,
• iron ()l~ ber. The iollo'4·i ng mines nre on thilt belt, which
fl1l11,ce to test oro, o.nd about the same time ..,tentl. about ,_ mile in kngtb, On tb. cast ~"d i. the
, largo one WIIS built by the Rush Valley rust ,lli<;overl' i u tbe district, caUed tho Lincoh., now
Fvnace & Smelting Co. Both were only kuo\nl:l8 the .\rgeut,; dCI-cloped by shait 100 feet \" dep.h
pt1tly successful) owing to the imperfect fwd one &0 feet; ore 00 per cent leud :.Uld 40 ounces ~il\'{'r
qaality of the fire brick used. Subsequently w tbo ton , tb<lUSh one k>t yielded ,60 pcr ceut I""" o" d 2()
Ii d OUllf;t"oi 8~lY c r. .. • •
'eul Finnerty built a second fW'uace 8lI Adjolningwcot .. tho 'l'UCOOIl * • *. On. lot of om
nut iL with good results fot' a number of weeks, yielded GO peT""u! lead and 87 oU1lc.. llih'or_10 t,he tUIl,
lnnting out a quantity of metal from suMMe Tbo form.'ll.ion is ,1IOIIl... bat broken w.... 01 tb. :ru~~,
ore. Attempts to separate the gold 8lId silver but it .. ovident tbe Dolivia i. "" tho ..me "om; It ..
/tom lend by menns of the .. Lyon proCCS'l," opened by • oItoit over l00l.etin depth, oud thero i, much
hi h
'W C WtlS USoo to amelt the ores of the Perigo
ore on the dump • • •,
w<.. t from tho Dolivi. io Ih. Silver King, truUI whieb
..

lIline' in Gilpin County, Colo., were made by w.. ohipped tb.> rlood oIlPlena ore oent from Uuh, ,rat ••
tbo
:\
Knickerbocker & Araenta
b
Millin'"
b
& t
• • * Av-
"'''"D-
of ore in "u!ue '~O\lt SO pcr ccut lead
Slneltin" Co. but wero not successful and the and 40 ouru:...ilver t" the ton.. . . . ,
min 0 ' f Toward tho nerth port of tb. district .. the Southport,
es W~re abandoned in the later p"rt 0 ., . g ~'.na nnd carl!oont"" L~ ''''ll''
1865 Th )[ l ' & J lu Co' qunrtZiIo ven corrym ~ .
• e .1 o n 'Ielm ~ 0 lSon . COD1- tlties' cau!'leQf Y~in Dorthand80uth; * * • "elIl
plcted • ul!l.st f urnnce in 1SGB to tl'eat 01''''' ~~:t 8 fe~tin width *'.. *. The Sl Patr.iek, "[",ned
l~alCIQ \'~etk-, PU bU11)c(J. nt {' ;1.IUp nouglas, 8.s1l ] ,s ke Cit.~'. Apr. :n, by Q.U. iucliue cC 100 feet. 'l'his miue at one hOle )1.clded
Q. b.rge umount of ore.
: titaa.Apr. 2, 1~.
Jll~~~orosa a oct l'l!ril:O mlnCt-, Colo.: Union V~d.,lte, Jun. 271100 • W bltnflY 's History or l; l~h, &!ott La.1o:.~ CU r. 1.."11111. \'01. :, Pl). :;1-
27:1 1!''l3. . H~ 1"1
· t1tdZ Vedl"l le, '\"t. :!, l ,'\U;. ,,~Uoou. E . i". sa lt. ,Lako City D\.nctOI"f. 11)7-1, pp. p " •

364
t;p Quandary gllkb, OflC·(Olll"'lh of :L nlile irom Si lver
Spring, i.s the Quandary lllde, clcnlopcJ hy a ~h:aft (l\"er
100 feet iu depth with levels nm thQrefrom.
Op ~ite I.he gu'kh irom thoQu;ual;try,ltf tbcGrc.tt Rn.cin
lode, opened by tunnel 100 fIX", :md elmfL no fcut; h3.K
produced high-grad e ow. . <Iny and t.urning out nbout 5} tOM of lJ\lllion
A Shul1.di..rt.1nce :lbovc tho QU:lnutlry up tb,,c gulch;8 the
fir:lt extension nort h of tbe Groot Centr"t lodo, a. well-
defined, t.ruo fit-;.·.mro vei.n, in quartzite, nwuhlg nort_~ nnd
80u.h; oro about 50 pcr f'ellt }rod :lOd $150 per ton of Kll\'Cf.
North irom tbe Quandary, on tho top of the bill, is 1hc
min!! Om Frlt7., ~';'; lh shah. 100 feet in (ITe ull tho '9.'~.y,
which ",~y~ ~hou(. to pcr cent. 'Cold ~ud f;:)'( b I'l"il\'cr to
the t.Qo; 'II- it .. ,
The :Fi:lIf. Na60nnl (formerly F1ol"i~ 'f(>IDplo) is [l well- w:w buiJt in 1873 by the Chicago 8i.1n~·r ~riniJ\g Co ., :'10
developc.'d mille with [l t'.haft over 100 feet; strong "eio ::md E):~ g1ish COlliEX'D)" which an('c o~ed the ~hi('ago and tbe
£;ood b(Jtly of orc.
1f~ny of the daims, which were worked in t.o Jrfr. 'nrook~ , who r:1n it. uutil the ;'l.utumn of lSSO, wh(>.n
the early days lIS individutll properties, now il wus shut down .
form port of groups owned by tho Bullion
Coalition (formerly Honcrine), Golenn King,
~ew Stockton, Dlnck Dinmond, C)'clOM, Silver
Coin, and Southport.
Tho Grellt Busin claim, which btm· become
tho property of the Honcrinc, also known as
tho Nationnl, wos included in Lhe group of 77
I' "tOil ted mining clllims and fmctions t.mns-
ferred to the Bullion Coalition 11incs Co. in
1910. Tho property is opened by · u.n adit
13,000 fet,t long. The tot"l output of the
HonerinG nud its predecessors is reported 1 to
hnyo been 80,000 tons of oro vlllued at. Sl,250,-
000 to the end of 1889. At thot time thc.re
were ll,500 leet of openings Ilnd tbe grentest
depth WilS 660 feet. A J.u·go concentrutor WIlS
in opomtion and hos been wOl·ked intermit-
tently up to tbe end oI 1m3. Between l890
nnd 1901 there nppo"rs to 11Ilve be.en very little
oro produced from the H onorine mine"; nt
leust., tho United SbLtos Geologico.! Survey is not
in pos.'>OSsion of tho records.
Tbo Jncobs smoltor, built at St(\c.ktn!) in
1872, consisted of three yertienl blnst fur-
nnees ond used ores Irom tbe Fourth of July
nnd Keursn.rgc mines nonr Ophir. The Fourth
of July was owned by I~ny, Leisenri.ng & Co.,
of Phill1dl'lphia, who wero OWIlers of the J aoobs
works. In 1879 t.ho Grout Bu;;in conce.ukotor,
(~on~isting of jigs, W~lS in8bllcd in nn oxt<msion
buih.1ing covering the Jacobs furlla('.cs, fl.ud in
I Joruo-t(, 1(. E., lu len"'l tOlOllU'rco of tho l"nitcd SIMt.l, p . b':rJ, l!\..ftO.
..
ORE n~PO:';ITS Of' UTAH.
l880' was milling LOO tons of ore a dny, pro-
ducing 20 tons of concentrate. QnO- 'lnck of
tho J,l cobs smelte r wos in opurntioll at t.he
same time, reducing about 25 I.-on ~ of ore n.
nssnyiug LOO ounces of silver per ton.
The Chicngo smelter; long ago dismnn\,]ed,
wos built on the enst shore of Rush Luke DC~r
Stockton, in August, 1873. Its lust oper;ltiOll
w.us recorded in 1880. Huntley ·' suys:
The Chicago &llclter i~ at SI~rrt.oWD, on \hc. (:.1.slem
~horo o( Rush Lake, about 2 lll.ile8 $)uth of Stockton.
It
Queen of tho TIilhi mines in Dry C:lOYOll, It'rJ.n quito
stendilv lInlillSi7. It was then ilile until !c:lk'c.i in 18i9
The Carson 8;; Buzzo smelLing works, n.bout
hull 11 milo south of the Chicngo, erected two
v",rLieol blast furnaces in Mareh , 1873, nnd
commenced opernLions shortly ufterward.
Tho ores used were obtained chiefly from the
t:toh-Queen mine, owned by the same intel"esls.
Lu.ter Carson & BuzZ() erected extensive re-
duction works at West Jordan.
Tho Wnterm!>n smelting work_ were the
most importunt ond were operated ot n I.tel"
dat~ (886) thnn any in the yi r inil), . HunUe)"
SIlYS:
The fin;t furnace in the iorrilory, all Iw sl.lccessfuJ rc-
verl,oratory, WnB crect~d here in ]8M hr Gen, Connor
and hifJ offiE:en'I. It. \f.18 bought in lSil or 1872 by Mr.
L S, Waterman. --(. * -4 This srueHerranqu.ito !tcQdiJy
for ::ic\'ernl )leaI'll on llidden TreruHlre ore r.n d ~me cwtom
reck, hut not profitably. .. .. * During- th o four yeilm
cmUug .\prH 1, 1878 ,26,270 ton.'l of are were !;ruehed, fUld
yielded 8,312 tollS of bo..::e hullion, \\"wch sold jor $109.&1
per ton, or $9ll,3fJO. During- U.llS time 3,300 ton.:s (If fluo
dust were caught, which o.&::lyed froru :16 10 57 VN ccnt
It'ad Dnd from 1a to 3!i ounCe! si! ....er.
The production of t.be Rush Vnlley distric.t
during its early activity is hnrd t<J nscertni~.
No complete roc<Jrds nro 11\' ailn.ble, and estI-
matcs from the district have been oonlbincd
witl;l those collected for the Ophir district.
Since 1nOl tho figures have been collecled by
tho Unite,1 States Geologie-nl Sur·yey.
t Poeflt. Dlr~t('r d )lint U[IOU production of pro..-clouJ me~ '\I~, I~,
p. BO.
3 ('al1)cr~l. J. E.,lr.,:.r.
E., lI lnC"$ool f UTUi\CIelllof Opbir, Dry ('alIYO:l,
aud R Wib \'olk)" lH ll rlct~, Ulo.h llitlln, On:t.Q tt~, Jun _ tip 187__ .
, Prtc.lon.l metsis": TeQl.h ~rutu8 U. S., vel. 13, p. ~. l8$5.
 ..V'eto.l. pr<.odUceJ (n 1M RUJlh YoJl<!I mining Nlriet~ lIKJJ-19J7.
,
Gold. Sil....er. Copper . L=.J. :Rccovcrnblo ·"Lnc.
O,e
TOLal
Year. ~ort ....:\llle .
n.). Fine V3.1ue.
.
Fino Value. Pounds. Value. Pound5. VtJ.luo. \' ~,luc .
ounces. ounces. Pound " .

I90J ... .............. ..... .. . .. .. .. 0400 34.54 $714 6,618 $3,971 .. .... ... . .. .. .. ... 1 a200, 000 ~g , 600 · ..... .. . . .. .... . $ 1~ , 2S
1902.. .... . " ...... . ... " .•• • . ".,. 406 . 64. 00 1,323 7,179 3,964 ..... ..... ... .. .... 250 / 651 10,271 . .. . . ... . . . .... . . 1.5 , 5rJ
1903 .... " .. .... .... . .... . .. " .. " 142 1.69 07 1,211 6.'>4 . .. .. .. ... . ........ 2'i,OO!) I , 1:)4 ...... ... . .. .. .. . 1, 83 :;
1004 .. ... "., ... ... ................ 644,115 292.99 6,056 176,610 101, 052 5,243 $656 11 , 9iS, 0]18 52-1,0;j7 · .... . .. . " .. ... . 63J, 82
1905.." .. ... .. '" '" ''' ''' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' b 10, ·131 322.00 6,656 56,025 33,839 113 65 3,499,020 lOa, 11 9.. . .. .. . . .... .. . . 19;;,97
1906 .......•. .... ..••.... . . . ... .... b c 37, -100 398.83 8, 216 95,861 64,227 3,8;8 745 4,982, 872 284, 024 ........ . .... .. .. 35i', 2-4.
1907 .... .. . " ..... .. .. . .. . ...... " . 648,318 324. 43 G,707 130,48i &;,121 ~18 63 6, GZ2, ().12 350,068 .. . ..... . ....... . ·t43,85
1908 . ..... .. .. " ............ . ...... b2,602 14. 70 304 31,386 16,635 5,77g 76 ~ 1, 676,217 70, -101 ........ . ... ..... 88, JO
1909 .. " ..... ... .. . . ........... " . b 5,627 21. 48 4-14 24,096 12,530 1,781 232 J, 2Ia,2GO 52, JiO ........ . ..... .. . G5,37 1

1910 ..... ... .. . " ... .... " .. " " ... 6 I , 981 27.32 565 16,8SS 8,580 10,3.').1 1, 315 g65, 1-113 42, -tGG ....... . . . ...... . 52,92<
1911 .. " .. . . .. . . . . .... ... . . " .... . . 10, 107 477. 38 9,868 102 1 863 &1,517 12,689 I, :;86 4, 9tjO, 47fj 223,621.i · ... . . .. . . ..... .. 239, .W
1912 .. __ ... .. .... . ...... . .. .. .... " r.l45,4;J:J 1, HI. 31 23,.')93 261,588 160, 877 319,85~ 52,777 10,971,278 493 ,708 .... .. .. . . .. . . ... 730,9i')l
1913 .... ......... " " .... .. " ... " ....
1914 ..... .... . . . .. . ... . ... __ •. .... •
b~ 14, 807
19,332
58;;.0 ~
120.13
12,0!J.I
8,686
128, 675
108, 979
77,720
60,265
29,521
21,680
1,57G
2,883
1, 6J9,25~
3, 101,497
203,247
H 7,868
9,010
6!), 582
$~O5
:l, .=)~I!)
298, 14~
:!"23,25]
:g
1915 .. .. .. ....... ... __ ............. 19,780 398. 15 8, 230 90,666 45,968 37, 890 6,G~3 4, 151,1 51 l!J5, ]()'1 ~m, 03·1 12, 2f!O 268 1 21~ c:
1916 ........ ..... . ... .. .... ... .. ... 2·1,710 139. 31 9,081 108, 841 71',G17 118,9·13 20,260 5, ·1U,04~ 37:1, &00 1:«;, Clf> 18,306 b(),] , 76-1
;;
1917. __ .. __ . .. ..... .... ....... ... 10,713 708.53 11/047 79,797 65. 753 43,335 11, 8:m 3,310,077 28>,097 56, ·190 5, 7G2 383,OS{ '"
tI:
0,67,1. 98 1 11'1, 3il \1,126,970 I 868, 290 611, 677 113,381 1(8) 645,451 ' 3,421,660 870,710 /10,402 4,561,047 ,..'"
I 326,5131
II Est\.mn\.ed. . " Ittly ruIlllnf:" (JIll, cOIlc.J.llr.&~ produee4. tI MCdlly ol4 tAll1ne.s. d lDcludcs 'Zl,e..J.1 &.oll$ or old :JIlt: tram ~y . . .u.'.Ilg ojX'I'.&UQw. • Itu:lude::l 2.()t.!'I l QrlS of old la.iJiJ:lg¥ IWd Ilae'. ,.,'""

'"
0'>
"n
 ....

ORE DEPOSITS OF UTAH.

366
ormll DISTRICT. )I uch or th e orc of tb o district has bee n vcry rich, the
~ys
6omc timc:; ftvem:;i ng am ong the hundreds, and oven
Tho ores in the Opllir district were discovered Ihou$ md!4. Tn East. r:tnyoD th o ore was lL':'Ull lly :'. vc::ry
in 1865. 1 Treasure Hill, in East Cllnyon, had silieC'ou:-I or milli ng ore; but that. from Pry Canyon con-
long been a. sacred spot whither the Indians re- tained much Xf:ari and wa.<J sme.ltPfI. Th iB diht.rict ba.<:! pro-
. du ccd many milli on doHa.l's ; h ow m:l.0Y Cfln nover bo
paired each y4!ur to hold ~ouneils nnd to obttll,ll known, II.S the miuo Qwuel"l:I of tho early d oy~:ue !'~attcred
metal for bullets. Soldiers of Gen. Connor s ovcr Ihe P'LCifie co""l. )lany 10<:,,1 .ttompl, to Ire,t Ibo
command, attracted by these legends, located ores w~ro m:1do iu E''LBt. Ca nyoD, but were for Ihe ffi06t p:ut
I

n. cropping of lead ore at the St. Lows lode, now bi!nI'e-s . Th.13 ~'or~ rt~OI f\ i Di~g at the porioc l llnd('f reviow
known ns the Hidden Trcosuro mine. Other ",.re tho bu,ldlDgs of tb. PIOneer and I·he Bailie mill.,
. f I d h' h tl and the Cleve land and tho Now Jersev :\rrast:re~
locntlOns soon olowe , ftluong W Ie were Ie Tho Pion ..r mill '"as built )" 187 1 'hy \\,,1«,; n i
Pocatello, mnde near wbere the Velocipedo was Salt Lake City, !o work ore irom tho Z{)lb group 311:;;i,: r
"ft.crward loclltcd on Silver Shield Hill, nnd the. min ... on Lion Rill. It '"a" 20 ,lamp <\ry·crll.'ihin"sil vcr
fam ous Wild Dolirium at the foot of Ophir Hill. mill wilh 1111 Aiken fllrn,cc , M,<I co", about $75,000. ~loll)'
.
V ery litt.!o w ork \VRS dono 011 tho locutions huutired Iholl..<a"d dollo,. in hull ion were .,(",c1ed. The
"1 1870 w h en tl16 axel. t emeoll• CUUS ed \o
unlll the y ' wa. moved 10 Du!tc, ~[Ollt. , ",""",I yo"", ' ·0
J:]acbi.ucrv e .
. I ' . . . The Baltic mill was a 6mall 5-6tarnp roitl, wit-h two pc.ns
rIch developments III the Little Cottonwood (1Is- andn ~ett lor, and W:I:Hun hy a t.urh iu o wat er wheel. ltw:\.'1
trkt stimulo.ted prospecting. In the summer of not worked reguhrly . Thoarrastres * • • wercIJ.uly
1870, A. W. ~{oore laid out the town of Ophir, ."cc'38ful, owing.o Lhe bi~h.grade ~nd froo lIaluro of Lho
and a Dew mining district was orgn.nized. In ore. LatterlY, or" hOB heen shipped 10 S!llt. I.:lke City or
Au"ust 1870 · horn sih'cr WllS found on Silver- to the Sto<:k~o smellere. * *, *. .
... , ., I-Ii!l' ·'h b Vr 'r B - 'b ' d th Th e foll owlng' works \ver.e hc~lt 10 ~arly hmes but had
uuO 1 pel ~ps y 'Y. . 31 ee, Iln e b<!cn movoo .way or wcre In ruws: PIOII""r SIDdle( huilL
Silveropolis, Chloride Point, Shamrock, and in 1871 ; prou:>bly produced 121, Ions 01 bullion. 'Ophir
other claims were located. A few days ,uter smol"'r, huilt io 1872; produced but little. Faucett
the discovcry of the Silveropolis lode, the "",_I"'r, buil<inI872; ,mall product. Brovoort mill, built
MountlLin Lion, Silver Chief, Mountain Tiger, in 1872; two "",?p". Enterprise mill, b ~ iltin 1873; fiv_
't.!' .• d .!ampe, Doe mIll (name unkn o~.,. ) , blllit III 1874; fivo
R.DCkwe.II' und 0 th er IOCR ons were ma e on stamps.
.
J\lq() Mwornl sm3.l1 arrnatres run by w'ater wheels.
LIOn Hill. Tho Zell. group IE .. t Canyon and vicinity] compr"'''
The nearest railroad point to Ophir in 1872 tho Zelia,' ~[ou ota.io Tiger, SHvor Chief, and Rockwell,
was the Ut"h Southern Rllilroad, which termi- pateDted, aod .overnl othe .. unpalented . It is ,i,".ted
nated ILt Lehi "Ild WIls reached via Lewiston and 00 tho wco!.ern oido and near the summit of Lion Hill.
Fairfield. In 1872 t.he Pioneer mill helon in Tho:nine. werO du.:overed in Lho au hlma of 1870 ,.ad ",Ie
. ' g g to" alker BrOt!. III
to W"lker Bros., was treatwg 25 to 30 tons of linN whicb timo they have been l"""ed, The ore out-
1811, who worked them uolll 187&,

ore a d"YI using R Blake crusher, fifteen ercppe<1 in two ploc,,", the croppings """,ying $200 per
750-pound stamps, au Aikin fW'cBee, si.'{ ton. Three lar~e bodi"" ond several sm.lIer on,," \<ere
"Wheeler pnns, and three settlers. There were found ahout 20 ieot. below the surface. .. • It Tho
three smeltiuO' plDnts in tho vicinity.' Hunlr """,I product. of this group '""" .","mated at $750,0~ . .
I ,4. • 0 The pnn clpol work [on the )lonarcb group I was oono UI
eJ sllYs. 187.; and 1870. Since Lhon Ibo pro pert)' 1.".. b""n 1c:l>!C<l .
Tho Ophir dit4uict .. " ,. inciudC'S several CaJl"OllS • .. * It iij B:lid '.hat the orO averages l :W QUDce:'J t:tilvcr
and rid.:;cs IJn lhe wcstern slope of the Oquirrh Range; tho per ton with from nothing to $8 ill gold, and from nothing-
lJrincipD..I of wbich arc Ophir or En..q,t C'anyon and Dry to)2 por cent of le3d. )luch of it, ho"'over, would :\S..~y
C':wynn. ("onlaini ng the mining (,UIlIp.'! of Ophir ril \' and upw;'.Id of $500. "* .. * The total proci'Jct to the clO5O
Jamb Cif),. rct'P<'d ircly. Th~ro \\'1\5 much o~ritern~T~ t in of tho eODSUS year waa $117, 500.
1872,1 873, and IS7·l. siuce whit-h time the CIlmp baagradu- 'I'be Dougl:l.S mino was loca.ted in 1871, nnd WM worked
oily declined. At Hie rcric:d ulld~r rel'iew (·hero were not principally in 187,), 187(;, nnu 1877. It has bCl?n idlo Of
~ »CflIOWf where iorml.:rly thore were 1,000 . The rerord. ItJaseu (tinc(t. It is sit.uateu Ue1r the we~tefn s ummit of
ahowed about. 2.,500 luralions, on not over ]50 of which Wnll !.ion Hill, nhout l\ milo southeast. or Ophir City. It ll! nCQ£
MllCMmont work kept uv. .. * .. tho ~r o llarch group, wbich it great.ly rellembl~ ill g~g'Jo
and ore. * .. .. Tho t4)t:ll prod uct is !r•.dd 10 be at lC"..tit
1 wt'n~ Spicer, nab. ~(lnlllI: Ollutltt , len. 7, 1S7.J,
1,000 tOM of 100-ounce oro .
• H \U)tic)" D. n., Prfdou.s ~eb.: T~nlh CeOt1.1S U. S., '·01.13, p . 171.
1~. The fu cogrou p wutlloc!1t ell in Auguttt, 1878, BDd worked
'W))£'Gk!r, n, M.., U. S. Geog-. Sun--ry~ W. IOOth lI.('r. Pros. Itcpt., ill rIo- tlmali way sin ce by the OWllOrs. .. • "* Tho toLal
PP. IO&-~, 1.'.72. product to tho euu oi th e C0DSUS year \V3,S $11,565.
, Op. dt., Pl'. f~l.
The olhor m.in e~ of East Canyon DJ..ld vicinity (\l9:
 OQUIRRH RINGE.
367
Mines of Ea~t Canyon and ViMl1it!J.
lOI:utcd in 1870-71, Bnd Wfre wc-rkt>d ext(;Dsi\.{~I)' hotweon
Tot',11
length
I Tot.1 1873 nod 1877 but \'cry liU.le sin l'c. Short.ly after the
purchase tbe Chicago t.'Oropaoy came 10 I,he faulL and
of open- prod- Rcmarbl. i:lil~. • .. • The product of Iheeo min{'s ... ... *
ings. uct. was proh!lbly O\'et" ~I,OOOlOOO.
Tho Mool) mille il:l situated b:llf a milo FOUth of Jacob
Cit~,. It WIlS d.ittCovcred in the autumn of IS71, Ilud WaB
Fed,
owned in tbo (ar!y days hy Gisbom, Emi.>ody, neaton &:
Elcbango and),000 1$80,000 ~Iiller. It Watl worked \'igorou:dy hy them uut.il 1575,
.Sun"},l"e, l 000 '120 000 when GislXlnl bouHht the remaining 'h\' o-thirds interest
Lm•.. · .. · · ···•·· , I '
CbIOOdo Poir.t, . ....... , : ..... . Sc\'~ral hundred f('ct. for $iOO!OOO, mOTtg3f;bg the wholo to eas!.crn co.pit.ali.8ls (or
and other:) ~D ' of cuttin~; pro- tho monoy. Ab'lut three months ruler tho ~lo a. fault was
Silycropo1ts duced D.l:l.u y thon · found, ortho ore ('h'lle " pinched," o.od ooly Q 61lln.ll prC3"
Hill, :;:anc19 in e;lrly
day •. pectins: force "'Q.S
t"mployed until June, ]S79, sincc which
}licer', ~light (1300 .. .. ... .. Orea.."l!.:lYfI 19 ouuces time it ha.~ been idle. • • • The tola.l product was
group, sil\'or and n t o J.t Dot known , e v en by t ho original ownOnl, tU:I th ey divided
per cent lC1d; eel!:s I.he proceedg nfl.(>r t he tctle of ('adt lot. Dy one it 'wns
lor $7 per ton;
./ tot:ll product,
mzny thousand ,~I , OOO,OOO ,
p:a.("il IIOmewhnt o\'cr aud hy nllotbcr NJff!cwhnt \lnder

I tons; l,:WO tons The )Iono tUn.:ld sil<> itJ in tho r:l,'io c SOt) fee L below the
extract(>d in ceo· ~rono minc. Work W,lli hegun in ISi2 or IS7:1 . Tho tun.
8tlft )"(';~r.
Bcaan7.a ....... , ... ' " . ... ........ TIM produced con- nel i ~ a.bout 1,1.00 feet. in I("Jglh . • • •
~iderable oro. The Kea~:uge mino, located hal! a mile we:tl of J n.cob
C1t...elnnd lfin-
in:. C-4>.
'&l.Jalo:allwn.,.__
I
1,4::;0 100, 000 O~~ O~lY~ $1.50 to Cit.y, was di~covered in 1871. • It It The'tot..:ll product
~1,OOO per ton.
750 3.5,000 Oro 1~J.y9 $100 to
waa unknown, perhapa $1,000,000. • • .. ~\ few hun.
$400 per ton. dred. tons of 4O--<JUDCO are were produced,
Poorman, .. .. . .. b 600 Small. Little are over Tho D~ret group • .. .. ,.. era ioco.l<...od in 1870-71.
shipped. Work OD them was begun in lSi..( and discontinuerlJQ.llu.
Baclhom ••••• _. a 300 .. . ..•.. Ore ll.6.'Qys 20 ouoce!! sry I, 1879 . • It ,It The total production of tbe Croup
silvor, 35 per cent l'dtimated at $30,000.
wn,:,
lead; much ore
formerly pro- The other minc:J of Dry Canyon are:
duced .
lIcu.ntain Gem 1,000 ........ SurfaceoroMS.'lY!t20 _Vi1Ui 01 Dry Canyon.
ADd Antelope,

I I
ounces lIilver, 30
per cent lead; aev-
eral t housanrl tons
shipped in 1877
'Tot~1
length Tol~1
!dines. of (Jpcn- product. Remarks,
Rnd 1878,
California .................. __ .... Oro A58:\)'S 2'> ounce.., ings.
silver, 55 per cent
lead, - - --------
Fu t.
tod.o; also OIh~ cullin.,..
III
W n..nrlcring I e·,o: •.. 4,2W ....... . j\ few hundred tons
~ DrJ'l.s; .lso!~lt of severnl hu odroo kott. of 3().ounco Erilver
aDd :35 per cent
The llidden Ttea.suro mine [Dry Canyon] is sHuated aD ludoroextmcted,
,!teep h.illsido ·above and t.bree--quart:crs of u. mile nortb.- U~'!h Queen .. . ,., 900 Large amount of are
extracted.
f!UC, of Jacob City. It was located ill ISG5 as tho St.. lAu.is Socmmento .... . .. 800 Conz,;.idGrahle oro
100.e by Gen. Connor'a SOldiers, who had boen told by t.'\kcn out for·
l..u... o( the outcropping houlde... o( gulena, Little merly,
)'Ioun~iIlSa":go l,O~W "2,100 Oro a......'4I1.)'lt 40 ounced
Fl"u!\ WIIB done until April, 1870 , when it was relocated as ,dlnr and 25 per
and!. X, I..
lb6 Bidde::t Trenaure. The mine hM beeu extensively cCDt-lead.
,but irregularly worked since 1372. ,. • ,. The ore Emporia .......... 1, 600 $30,000
"')'1 from 15 t() 40 ()UDC~ silver and 20 tAl 60 per ceut Fourth of July .. .. '4·LO c l,OOO Oro a..~yd 30 OUIlCes
eilver and 35 per
1Cld. • • .. During !.ho four y('ars endi.ng April 1, CGnt lead , .
18i'S, 28,-(00 tons wore m.ined. ~iost oi thitt .-U !1J'Delted I Ev;ening St..:lr .. ... :1OO Some good Sr.ldo oro
It Ibe Waterman.sruclter at Stockt-on. The cash rec.('i ved ohipped ,
C-:.rlhiaIUnOUc.t of are, whether sold rl.s oro or a.I bullion, "3' llogDOIi•.... " ." " ..... . . .... ... Sc\'crJ.l l1Undred
[eet of iucline Slid
~,iq.
mo. Several thousand LQllS of ore .,..ero p-roduced drilt!!!; much
,nil< to 1874. money spent ) lit,.
E '!'be Chic:J,,"O ruille W,," located in )871, nnd ..,Id to lUI tie received .
,ngloo eompany soon aiterward, Tho mine WM worked Raw ........ . . .. .............. . . FeW" h UD<.' red [eet of
work dono.
~I.)o, y for ~eyernl years but has heen idle ainca Brooklyn .. . ............ . .. .... . . Do.
"I • • • T0hmlne
12,000 ' produce d~' hI 0 y er
con..<Q(.lcr.l'y Elgin ... . . •. .. ,,· ....... . .. . .... •
tons of oro. This company m'i'llS the Chicago Noy ..... .. ..... ... ..... . ·· .. · ···1
:'11"" IlJId When UIe mine f.iled bou!;h~ t.he Queen o(
Hil~ FolviU" &od Mahogany locatio"", They were • TOni". " IOC!Jioe; abo otbtr cuttings .
 ORE DEPOSITS OF UTA H.
368
L l:iAD OI1E ASD CONCE},"l'RATES.
METAL CONTENT OF THE ORFS.
OUI on SrtIC~OUS OIU:S. In generul, t.ll" crude lend Oro is thot con-
Tho dry OL' siliceous 01'03 shipped to smelters tnining over 4} pe.L· cent ofleud. The pL'oducers
f~om t.he Ophir and Rush Valloy districts com- during tho la~t de.cnde, nnmed according to
prise gold und sil,er orl?S cncL'ying copper and tho frequency of thei r shipments, were tho
leud in amounts too smull to be of ....lUG. The Ophir Hill, Honerine, N c'" Stockton, GLllene.
mines. named in order, nccording to tho fre- King, ClifT, .Jny Bird, 13u Ilion Coolit.ion, Buck.
quene:y of their shipments in the Illst decade, horn, Black Diamond, Sih'cr Engle, Queen of
were tbo Chlorido Point, Lion Hill, BllfhlD, the Hills, Southport, 1Iucrurook, Hidden
Qu een of the Hills, Hidden Trcnsurc, .und Sun- TroosLlre, Cyclone, HonCLino "Vest., Honerine
l;se Tunnel. Tho UVCl'ugo grude 01 the ol'e E"'.<msion, ;\fonuclnock, Utah Quoon, Commo-
shipped is shown iII the following tubl,,: dore, Eurck .. Ophir, Grund Cross, Northern
DMI 0; rilicoous (i re, 'Cllh al'c,aye, fPlt!allic C.orJ~ltJ., prrWlI.-ccd Light, Miner's Deligl-.t, Argenta, Lion Hill,
in Oy,IMT ((I,d R u;J~ Valley dl¥(ricl'llud "ltppc.d to 6:mdtnj, Qunndury, Emilie, Lost Boy, Buffalo, Brook·
J!J{)3-1911.
lyn, Mono, nnd Ben HLlITison. The Ilvernge
A\, (>T- grade of tho products shipped is shown in the
Quan· r.old Sih,et Co age following tuule:
Lead
Yea.r. tilv (;·.1"0 (oun';" (:c~ (per gr<'"
(~hort per per cent). cenl ). vnluCl Lrod ore and crmantralu, with al'trOl}t metallic ron.ter.t, prl)-
lollS) . Ion). Ion). pcr d/l ~c d in the Ophir and Rtl3h l'al{NJ di6tnr...', and M!.pptd
ton. to Imci!ns, 19VJ-1917.
---1'-- - - -------- Crud~ ore.
1903 ...... 200 . ...... . . ... .. $79.S ~
51. 55 145.00
l!.H.H ..•••. HI ....... . ...... 4R.02
2.20 79. 00
1905 ...... 17 8. 05 41. 53 O. 69 . ...... 31. 12 . Avor.
1900 ...... 40 L 45 65.00
....... 0.98 61.2S
.
.. ..... . . . . . . 45.65 ' Quan- Gold Silver Copper LeO<! age
1007 ......
1008 ......
180
200
2. 55 87.40
....... .3.S 67.37
1.58 101. 67
Year. lily
(,bor~
( vlllue (ounces (p"..
per per . (per an'"
value
cenl) . <eDt).
19(1) ....•. 193 1.84 74.13 . ...... 1, 20
41 . :;9 tons). wn). oon). per
1910 ...... 72 2. 02 48.79 ....... . !H
29.22 ton .
. ...... .......
1911. .....
1912 ......~30
49 2. \0 1ro.19
2. 2;} 63.82
38. n ~
....... I. 10
SGo 08 ------ - - --
1913 ...... 250 L 3.) 43. 79
.03 1.26 29.01 1903 ..... 3-18 ~O. 29 15.29 0.06 SO.M $II~ .
OIl
19HG .... 1901. .... 4,856 .55 II. 60 ....... 34.26 36. 70
1915 ••••.
19:0 •..•.
1917 .....
15
284
IH
1.47 61. 80
.80 29.10'
3.58 47.20
. 02
.03
.36 2.10
.. F~rif~
lOOb. __ •• 2,50G
1906 ..... S,085
48. 09 1907..... . 14,742
.74
.59
.37
12.90
V. 77
10. 70
.43
.45
.04
27.87
18. 07
KI8
36.15
29. 58
21.73
1908 ....• IV, 698 .22 10. 73 .47 21. 77 26.43
oJ Non." ;909 ..... 14,020 .24 8. 65 , 60 17.33 20.91
1910 .... • 18,330 .25 8. 11 .46 16. 5.1 ZO.35
corv.<It OK~. 1911. .... 24,420 .69 10. 29 .38 IS. 67 2:!.62
1912 ••••• 31,099 .47 10. 09 . 64 19. 13 25.67
The eopper 01'03 include those carrying oyer 1913 ..... !22.976 .44 9.59 .45 15. 90 21.63
2~ per cent copper. The Hidden 1"reasure nnd 1914 .. ..• '19; saG .42 13.69 .81 J 7.!XI 2:!. 13
Eureka·Ophir properties shipped most fre- 1915 ••• .• 425 l27, .26 12.32 1.67 13. 76 2;;.29
SI. 19
1916 ..... '$8, OSI .22 10. 66 I. 40 · 12. 35
quently dUting the lust doo,lde. The u,ernge 1917 . .... 081 135, .47 ]0.76 I . DI 11.16 39. ~)
grnde of tho ores WIlS as follows:
ConcenluLCiJ.
CODper orlf, 1.U'~h aurage m.tUJJlic Cr.mI(1U. proouud in til,
pItir and Rum l'allt¥ rfiwid. and sJdJ,,}-(d to I1Ilel1C'1.
Im-1917.
1901 •••. 'Ill,274
1905 ..... 4,120
$0.31
1.33
10.86
9. G3
0.02
.......
38: 43
80.48
ts9. 71
3~ lib
Axcr· 1906 .....122, 366 .36 1'1. S4 3.09 20.'2 4·1. 20
QU:ln- Gold SHv(>r ago 14.38 27.&1
lily {value (uuuce Copper r...d 1907 .....:,26,875 .32 10.74 1.30
20.31

'~~.'"
Yeur . (per (per ,groNI .11 12.26 2. Gil 8.20
(Mhort per pet 'alue 1909 ..... 9,976 .24 12.21 2.42 10.37 21.81
tOllS). ton). Ion) . cent), cent). pcr 1910. .. .• 109 .57 12.56 .93 22 .• ~ J!t.46
Ion. 1912 ..... 19,909 .17 12.23 2.39 10. 24 2'.~

1003 ......
- -
100 ....... 21. CO
-- - -
33 .. )8
-- -- 19J:l ..... 27,376
....... $103. 34 1914 ..... 3,471
.19 11. 73 2.02
1. 9·\
10. !7
12. e5
%3. 10
!l. 7'l
. 27 1l .60
1907 ...... :;2 ...... . 4. 00 ..... -. 16.00 1915. __ •. 28,077 .IS 11.31 1.68 13.68 !-I.r;;
1910 ...... lOG ....... S. Iii 1tl. S4 .. .... . 4-1. ·18 1916 •... .fl?, 6-12 .19 11.-12 1.89 13. n SS. ~
1911 ...... 70 ....... ". 50 2~. -t6 68. ;\ 1917 •• '''113,SS9 .15 II. 67 2.03 13.M 68. Il
19 ....... 1. 95
""'"
1912 ...... 21i.85 .. . .... 8f,.8·' -
1913 ...... 1(4 _...... 1. 78 IU. SS .. ..... 5.1. 38
191:1 ..... 127 ... " " 7.46 17.20 ....... 49.86 CQPPER-LEAD ORE _-\SD CONCESTJlA.TEI::L
1915 ..... 138 " " ' " 6') IS. !O . . . .... 63. 68
1916 ..... -4,835 ....... 10.10 4. 87 .. " . _. 30.69 Copper-lead ore and concentrates a.re clOS"i·
1917 ..... I227 .. ..... 6. 95 7. 70 ... ... . '\7.99
fled liko the copper und ICIld oreS. The pro-
 OQllrRRfI RANGE.
369
ducelS for t.ho past decade, named nCGording
to {.ue frequcncy of their shipments, are the
Enrekn-Ophir, Hidden Treasure, Mono, Ophir .
Hill Ut.ah Queen, Kearsarge, Queen of the
rr~, Montana, Surprise Tunnel, and Selah,
TJle a'l'erage gmde of the product slupped IS
shown in tho following table: Year,
QU:1n· Gold 8ih'er I
tit \' ("'~\llle (OllJlCN I Copper J,c;ld
(oI,,;rt per pcr -- (per (pcr
A ver-

1"''''''
Coppt'f.kad ore altd eOl1fXr•.t rat.cs, 'IJ.'ilh arf'Tll.qe metallic ron.
torlA) . ton). ton). ce nt). ('Cn l ). "'aperlne
Imt prod.u:{. d 1'n til t! Rush Valley and Ophi.r di.ttr1cU and tou.
t~ip'pi:d t o enid/us, 190,;-191 i . - - -';--- -. - - - - - --- - --
C rude orr. 1903, . , " H .2 1O SO. 24 ) ,). $5 3.20 9. 12
190-1.... . 16, 707 $25. 18
, , ,20 13.47 2,9·1 7.07 21. 6.1
1905 .. '" 19, 062 ,18

I,
J:l.03 3.·11} 9.19 27. 58
Av(' r. 1907, . . .. 8 1.00 30.00 4. 70 21.00 GI. 57

Ye~r,
QU:lll· Gold Silver C
lit " (\':!Iue (ounce~' (oCfr
I
er Lpoo
( r
age
gro..~
(""irt per per pe \':duo ZI XC OIU: A:->O CO ~("E~T n."1'&S.
OODB) . ton) . tOil). cent). ('cut), p('r, . .
Ion. : Tho "lite ores nl'o t.hose contulllmg :?~ pOl' cent
- - --- --- --___ ! Or moro of 1.inc, il'fc"pe<:tivc of precious m e talg
-1903
-'-.-. -. .-.I- -G8- $3. (l.1 29. 15 3.23 20. H $;5. 39 Cnrbont\t~sprovailed and SOmO su)~hidrs
were
l'j()I. . . .. IW.... . .. 19.00 12.00 28. 05 6.1.86 lllduded m the shIpments. Tho sl"ppcNl ,,"cro
1::: ::: Gg~ :~~ I~: g~ ~:~; ~: j~ ~::;;; t~10 Hidden Trensure, Cliff, nnd Bullion Coali
1107 .. ... 192 I. 02 IH. 10 6.39 10. O.J 49. 15 hOll.
1908.. ... 01 .7B lB. 78 7. 91 13.1S ,12. 9~ The uverogo gmrlo of the Orcs is omitted, 118
1000.... . 819 .05 13.31 e. 94 H .7L 37.6, nl' f . .
1910.. ... 1,218 . ,10 16. 14 3.95 10. 72 28.;;7 thorO' WllS 0 y ono shIpper 0 concent!'llte m
1911. .... 61l-!
Ill!.!.. . .. 3,387
.30
1. O~
H. 85
40. 95
o. O.J
~. 32
20. 10
12. 58
38.86
51. 82
1913'. IlJldonl"
"
two in 191"nnd
-
IOI'l
, .
19;3 ... : , 1, 419 . IS 12.90 " 1. 57 18. G:l 38.53
~I·I. .... · fil .98 IB.08 4.55 17.72 3G. 92 PRODUCTION,
m5, . ... ' 5,016 .2-l 12. (6 3. 22 B. 57 25. iJ9
19U;..... 2,072 . 27 19.28 3,61 10. &7 5a.ij8 The .metal produotion of Ophir Imd Rush
1917 .. ... 5,536 . 22 12. 90 2, &1 H. 09 45. 48 Villey djstrie.t3 froUl the b0<Jinnillg of opera
lions to 1917 is shown in the following tab!"",:
3il4ICO--19----24
 J/etaL'l produced in OpJ,ir and RU$h l'CJllcy' 17I.in·i7ig di,n;cu. 1901-1917. V:>
-:r
o

Ye-.u .
Ore.
I Gold. Silver. Copper. I.eod . Recover-.lble zin c.
Total
Short Fin. Valuc. Fine
Yalue. Poundtt. Value. "Pound_. Value.
I value.

~~ F
tOJJ.H. ouncetL
OUllCC6.
I
!
l!)Ol
W()2
u •• _ . . . • • . . . . _._ .•

. .. . -. . --- . -----
30,000
34, GlI
227.51
2tS. 3:~
U,700
4.i~
3]8, 910
:/5.4, S05
$191 , S4t
]37, fift7
1,199, 476
913, fi2'2
$200, ~12
111,462
4, 5-)7, gl8
3,609,186
~l{L), 9S6
147,977
~ - - - . -- _.
.---- • ••
. - -- -- --- . -
-0 _. ___ I _ .
$592, 347
'101 , SU()
10<Xl.................... 36,23S 186. n7 3,865· 2(;1 , 8.38 H'l,3!t3 966,291 132,382 2,584, 15) lo.~ , ~~l :lM, 174
11)(>. . ... .... . . .. ..... 81,716 419.01 9,902 417,:m 238, !>f.l ··········1··· .. ·····
1,02:1, "26 127,978 1-1 , 440,385 631,7{j7 1, 008, 607
1905 ..... ............
19O1i . .. _.. ... .•.. . _... ..
]007 .... _. _... _._ ..... ..
79,003
7S,2G7
98,DW
[)sO. 00
647.88
719.63
10,956
13,3!J3
H,!i!:76
321,55e
353,036
465, 86.~
1~,220
238,~
307, ~M)
1,093,197
1,570, GS9
7:19,5:tl
170,539
303, J..l3
Hi., 904
6, S05, 814
2, ::S!Jl, 100
12,535, 100
819,873
700, 293
6G4 3G;
::::::•:•::!••••••• ::: 695,588
I, 2WJ 36:}
1~
!OO~. __ ...... "
]909 .............. . .....
55, G04
03,081
23G.34
301. 21
4,886
6,226
359,992
268,~36
loo,iOO
IS8,M7
1,059,138
738, 299
1$9,806
95,071)
7,676,385
7, 164,721
322: 'JOS
307.&>3
::::::::::.C::::::::
.......... ·1........ ..
13'1, 614
1)57, 89G
M8, .{05
IBIO .................... 20, Z,li 257.89 5,332 174, ]4,'; !)4,039 307,607 39,066 7,908,992 3-17, DB:; - . -. . . . . . -- - - . . . . . . .
. 41M3, 4.l2
]011. ..... ..... - . .. 2:', 773 7]9. !).$ H, ,&i,2 21iG, HI 141, '004 289, :329 SO, 166 9,406,042 423, 2i2 333, 876 S19,031 634,405 o
l!JJ i __... _.. ... . _...... ..
1913. ... . . _ ... ..... .
99,M6
8D,658
1, '118.28
822.05
~ , ~18
16,992
43111,475
5'17,3·J8
326,8.>7
348, '119
1, On5, 384
1,492,0",3
175,788
231,271
17,21>0,30"1
lol,O!>4,7AA
776,26S
618, ,no
:-sn,~iO
778,1t)2
2.'), 797
43,5i7
I, 33'1, 0'2-8
1,258,Of19 ''""
':l
191-L. ......... .. ....... 9.\ -116 701.32 l·I ,'WS 541,652 299,5:>'3 1,277,015 169,843 12, 6ll, 432 491,84.6 nZ,3G7 37, :Nl t, 01;1, 07l
1H15 .. _. _ . • ..•• •. . _....
19]6 .................. ..
111,352
11(J, 16~
735. 73
799.~0
15,208
1(;,523
728,309
833, us
369, Zc;3
5'18,lDO
2,250,276
2,821,11)8
393, 799
ts!J:1, B93
16,383 , '/00
18,275,58!)
770,0:1-1
1,261,002
1, H1H, 172
776,866
148,;:,n
10·1, JOO
1,696,867
2, 6n, 80S
'::len"
l017 .... ~ ... _ .. '" _ .. _._ 91,657 986 . ·15 20,392 618,[J42 509,679 2,277,022 621,627 12,89G,789 1,100,124 630,018 64,262 2. ::;~5, OK·1 ;::J
U,
H, 201, 841 9,997.85 206,672 7,295,561 14,414,286121,08:1,872 3,791,058 1'10:542,26919,202,80714,823,331 1 4·1~,ml1 !lS,()f)7,::'1·1 o

CI Par~J1 cstlm:J.t~. to Some lead QIld copper-l('ad CIJD('(lctrute proouccd; '"

r.
;;
J/ctau prod~d in Opllir and Rw;h Yalwj mining d~trids, 1b7U-1917, by pt:TU.a~"I.
~
I
Gold. Silvot. Copper. LeAd. Recovomble zinc.
Period . I,
I
Total
yaluc.
Fi n c ou nct'S. VILIne,... Vine (lU D(·C3. Value. Poundtl. Valuc. Poundt>. Value. round!. Value.

1870-18SO ................ I~, ·'36. 25 $'t ;;7,08O 3,885,938 $-1,789,119 ......... _.- ............ 7i,582,430 $-1 , 3.%, 597 · .......... . .... _ .. _-- SfJ, 3S2,396
1881-\ 890 ................ 2.M8.99 52,713 l,502,G-!3 I, 4!)!),742 ............ ............ 10,3"0, 100 417, 930 · .......... - ......... . 2~ O()O, :J85
J89J-HIOO. ___ . 3,411.00 70,;]3 1, 570,538 1,114,9;)1 1,942,682 f253,315 17,358,239 657,364 ........... . . . ... ... . . 2,096,143
\901-1910 ................ 3,SH.77 78,859 3,198,97S 1,871,001 9,611. 6C5 1, '16S, i>71 69,66:',7-12 3,7;)2, Ko')l · ... ....... . ...... _-_. 7,171 , 282
1911-1917 ...... .. ....... . 6,183.08 127,613 4, 09\), 583 2,543,285 11,472, ZO', 2,322,487 100,878,527 ;',449,956 4,~3, 331 4.J2,6HI 10. >!Sl;, 2:12

28,394. 15 1 586,978 114, 259, ~~O 11,818,69S 23, O'".lG, 554 4,~ ) 3n 270,f<G(I,038 1'1, G,'3, 698 1 'J, 823, 331
- - -_ .
I 'H2,691
-- - _. - ..
31,63(;, ·ns
. ... -

j
 OQ{71R1:!-[ RANGE.
RUSIl VALLJ::Y (ST()CKTO~) DlSTTnCT.
GEOGRAPHY.
The Rush Vulky di.t.ril't is 01\ the wost ,ide
I tho Oquirrh Rnnge, nbout 40 milcs sout,h-
~.c:;t of Salt Litke City. The shipping points
for the dist,riet nrc St.ol'kton, on tho Los
Angel"" '" Salt Luke Rnilroad, and Bauer, a
sid in" nonr tho portH 1 of the dmin tunnel of
tho nUlliun eonlitio ll Co, All ore, excepting
thut token through the Bullion C.olllitioll tun-
nel, is hlluled by tcnms 1 to 3 milrs from the
mblCS to the railroad,
Tho moin mincl'IIlized nrelt of t.he Rush
Vc,Uoy (Stockton) district is rnthCl low down
Oil the western s lope of the Oquirrh Range,
the outcrops of tho mnin oro bodie>! boing
between 5,000 Hnd 7,000 leet :>bove sea level.
Iii tho higher p!lrts of the range the topoglophy
i, rugged, but in tho lower slopes it is rather
subdued. The earlier developmon ts were
mainly by winzes following the oro bodies, as
the relief is not sufficien t to mnke it possible
ta gain depth rupidly by tUII nels , Severnl ore
bodie, hllve been developed hy tunnel", how-
'for, R bove the wlI,ler level lind the large flows
01 wllter encoll.ntered us the workings \VOI'e
deepened made dt'llin tunnels : nece.ssnry. A
large lIow Irom tho druin tunnel of the Bullion
CORlit,ion Co., the oll ly deep tunnel of tho dis-
trict, is utilizod for irrigation.
GEOLOGY.
SEDll{J:~STAny nOCKS.
The sedimentary locks lU'e interbedded
limestones llnd qunrtzites. On the south,
townrd Soldiers Cltllyon, limestones predomi-
nnte, but townrd the north quo,rtzites become
mcrensingly nbundunt nnd uppenr to greatly
predominnte in the central and northem pruis
01 the district, This rtppenrnnce is duo in
part lo the fuet thnt the arell is Inrgely cov-
ered by' d~ bris nnd that the qunrtz.ite, being
the more resistant uecumulutes IDOro r.'pidly
tit
, ~~ the limestone.' Underground the <]unrtz~
'Ul IS not eOllspicuous, hut th.is is in purt be-
",'113~ prospecting hilS beon Inrgely confined to
t!le lirne;tone !H'ens,
The quartzite is commonly fino "t'oined II.nd
~.t1\cr close join ted nnd readily b~llks down
1111.0 allgular fragments, The limestone is blue
: black nnd whit.e, Tho blue beds nre snid to
nenrly pure calcium clII'bonate nlld the
wlut.u lled~ to 1>0 (lolomitie nnJ ~i li('eo\l8. The
limestone of the Honerino m ine is bluo and lies
between heds of whit~ siliceous mngnesinn
lUUl'ston0, locally cnlled " dolumite." With
hydrochloric ncid tho blue lime~tollc cfTcn'esces
fnr moro Ireely (,bl1n tho whit(), It hilS a
specific grn\'it.y of 2.G2 und the whitc oi 2.88.
Pnrtiul chemical .. nnlyses by R. C. '\Yells (If
the blue limestone nnd t.\w whito limestone
overlying it (see p. 174 ) show tbnt th~ blue is
nendy pure cnrbon,'te, whe.'eus t.he white is
very sil iceous. The close suniln rity 01 the
white be.d ulldcrlyulg tho blue limestone to
thut ovel'lying it wru...nnls t.hc conclusion thnt
tho two nre of essent.inUy the slUlle composition,
8nd it is probable thtl,t Itsunilur chcmiml ditTer-
en ee exist,s between t.he blue fmd white lime-
stones in othm' plll't, of the district,
ro~::ou~ ROCKS.
Therc Ilro numerous dikes in the district,
but thoy nre' not c(lnspicuous on the surfit,ce,
IlS they weuther more readily thnn the inclosing
roeks nnd lire obscul'"d by dGbris, ~{nny fl·re
encountered in t.Jw mine workings. In genem l
thoy slrike north, like the main &sures of the
district. They TIluge in thiekuC>IS from It lew
inches to 60 foot 0 1' more,
Tho dil<cs vnry considerably in genoml
appearance, owing lu.r gely to their texture.
MOlly nre charnctetized by phenocrysts of
orthoeluse feldspar, some 01 which nrc nn
ineh ill greatest dimension.
In the cont'Ser rock,. there II.rc m"ny cryst ..ls
of altered pll\gioclsso nnd fl.1l II.bundnDce of
biotito crystlus. In some of the dikes nugite
CI1U be seen in the IH'-Od spooimen, though this
m.inern.l is commonly &!tcred to other minoruls.
The dikes are commonly too highly lut<lred
to mnko ILC<:UTILle doterminMion of theu' original
composition possible, but thoy nil "ppo[tr to
hnve essenti.illy t,ho composition of n quartz
rooMonit<l.
srnU(;l'URF..
The brgest structur.u lea.turo of tho d;"trict
is It broad "nticline that stri kl'S \Vest of north
rmd pitehcs rnther steeply north, The mo.in
mlnerlll.izcd I\fen of the district is ncur the
crest of this n.utie.\ine, nnd consequently the
beds stl'ike geucr.illy eust nnd dip 60° t<l 70°
K., varying somewh"t with the,ir position rel,,-'
tivo to the "xis of t,h e I~nt icline tu.d to loe&!
structurll.l foatures,
 ORE DEPOSITS OF UTA 1I.
372
The sediment.uy rocks in I.he distr!ct h,,,,e ,Iisl.inet.]y fj,yornble. A similnr condit.ion hIlS
heen CDt bv 1\ scries of fissures th"t I\re a bOD t· been noted ill othel' districts, however, Dol.abl.v
plll"l\lIcl with J
the nutir.line :l.Dd Ilre most st,rongIy in the Fish Sprin!rS ~
district. IlIld rna" J
be of
't
d 0"0 Iope d nenr I s creSo. 'They dip west u.u- eOlL,iderl1hlo import,anee. Alt,hough t,here dol'll
b ., I' I
. 'h t gl' some renchin" 70°. not "PIX'"r to e any mtlml1le re ntlOn )etween
ItII y n t a H'o or s ccp lI,n e, ."". ks d' d -' h
'fl le (lOren
I'ff t fi ssures 'V 0",
__ ;
sonlewhat m dip " 'mtruslve roc . 1m ore ' epo~lts, nevert eless
n.s do nl,o indi,..jdunl fissures at different points. the l"?portan,t Ore dcpo~lts nre not fn1' from
Sorno movoment h'L' occurred along nearly all int.I'USIVO bodIeS ~d n~e absent from parts of
t 'ne fiISSllrcs.
' I n n I.,
ost of them
, it is not more the range " where mfitrusl vo Irocksd' are absent.
than 1\ few fret; in one, however, it is us much Faultmg along sSW'OS IUS lsplaocd some
ag 1~
no f'co t'. beds from 1\ few inches to 11S much 1m 120 fcet.
ORE DEPOSITS, Th(l mrun movement appeRrs t.o have t.aken
place before tho are deposition, though some of
m·;OLOGJC Uf;LATIOS8.
, it was nCterward. The fact that t,he f&ulting
Pructically !Ill I,h" larger oro bodies arc found preceded t.he minerruization makes it no less
in beds, locally designated eust-west "veins," import-nnt t.o find t.he sepnmted portions of
of bluo limcstone. neur the intell;tlctionofnorth- the oro bed, as both are likely to h,we been
80uthfissurcslmo~us t.ho north-south" veins." mineralized.
TI,e ore occurs lIS shoots, pitching northwest, ~fETAlotOnl'HIIiM •
with theintcrseet.ion of tho oro beddillg and fis-
sures. Soma repl:>eements eX t~,nd along t,he ore The t,ypi",u chrmge in tho mineralized lime-
bod,ling for 100 Ieet, or even moro, and SOlTla for stone is silicificat,ion Ilnd Ilddi tion of sluphid"".
only a few feet from tho fissure. Indiyi,IUf,1 In many doposits tho cnrbonates h"VO been
shoots vary ml\rkedly from point l<l point, lurgcly repll\(:cd by quartz nod sulphides.
Some of th~m have been Iolloweu for 1,200 to Locally, fillc-grnined muscovite (sericite) :.
1,300 fcet on the dip. present. 'LIld specimens of limestone pm·tly
Expericlll:O h"-'l showl! th.,t mino]'alizo.tio:l is nltered to cpidot-e wwe collcfltcd from the
V(lry likely t<l occur lit the iJl(ell;ec,t.ioll of one du:np of the ill'H,in tUILIlel of tho Bullion Cor-li-
of t,ho oro beds with the fi>sul'cs, find :>.t present tion mine. Contnet silicates, however, are not
thi~ is the b'Uido to pl'ospect.ing. Drifts are I1bundl\Ilt. TIle principal metullic sulphides
c"rricd ,uong the oro bc,ls to the fissW'cs or in t!1c ore shoots are gIllen", sphruorite, f.nd
Cl'Osscuts uro extRutled fuong the fissnres to the pyrite, a liHle ehoJcopp'itc "nd tetro.hedrite.
oro herls, as is fouud most .>.civnntugcous in c.nd in some specimens arsenopyritR, though
indj"idU:1I clISes. MIUlY of theso intersections this Inst does uot npp<Hlr to be nn impol't"nt
show but litLle minel"luizMion, hut fL large per- constituent. The distribution of the sulphides
ccntllgc of them 8ho\l'some. in t,he unoxidized ore is irregular, soma P0l'-
"\lthough for the most part tbo ore hus t:OIlS of a shoot being rich m gruenl\, ot.hell;
formed in ccrtlUn beds, somo mineralization is in sphalori te or pyri te, I\Ild still others contain
present along the north-sou th fiSSUl'OS, both all three in considerable amounts, As yet
botween t,he dolomitic or siliceous w,\lIs !\Ud compl\rntively little zinc oro of sufficient rich-
botwe..,n walls of the purer limestone. These ness to muko its Dlurketing profituble has been
doposits w'o commonly !;m,iller thl\l\ the lime- developed, though some hilS been shipped llJId
,tOllO replacements, but some of them £Olltain sorno mixed sulphido ore, both iu tho mmes ,,,ud
oro of relat,ively high grade'" on the dumps, lOlly at some time be pro!it,llbly
'No roce.gnizcd close rollltioll C.Xists botween trented.
thc dike rocks and the ore deposits. M.\Dy The upper portioll of the ore shoots hilS un-
dikes oe=py the north-south fissures, anti ore dergone oxidllt.ioll, lind the met" Is nre com-
has fO.TIDed adjaC<'ut to some of them. mouly presNlt us t.he cnrbollates. oxidos. sul-
Soma of the more ",Juable oro bodies h,we phates. >lnd resiuual sulphides. The curbon-
formed on the footwall side of dikes. either ate ce.rusite is t.he most abundant 16l1d mineral
immcdiately or several feet below. lIIinoml- in the oxidized zone. It is usuully mixed
ization hus ,.Iso occmrecI on Lllo han"in"-wull with hydrutcd il'Oll oXides but is ocensiono.lly
sido, I\lld it. is !lot certnul t,lw.t the fo"ot\~all is found llS smnll boclit'S of white, enrt.hy ('Ilr-
 OQumnH nAXGE,
373
bODnto res~mbling chalk, The Rulphotc al1- 'l1le Hone.rine mine WfiS located in 1865 bv
alesite is doubtless prE'Sent to Mme extent., Gen, COlmer and in enrly days made .\ Inri~
though not importllJlt., Plumbojtlrosit:e, the r,roduc.lion, pstimuted at about 81,250,000.
hosic 10n,l-il'on 8ulpbllte, formed by the oxi- 1 he Inrgest oro shoot., ",web occurred at the
dation of lelld nnd iron sulphides, Was noted int.e.rsection of the" Honerine '1'6,," or hed of
fronl t.be 600 cfoot tunnel level of t.he Bullion hlue limestone "lid 0. prominent nort.h-sout.h
Conlit.ion workings and from the Ren Hnn'ison fi""ure , has be.en followed practicnlly continu-
mine, It is not possible to stille how .bun- ously, t.bough pinc:hing find swelling, for J,200
dnnt it is IlS ao ore mineral, ns it has not to 1,300 feet dO\\~l the clip, Vnlullble ore
ocneralll' been recognized, Ziuc is present in shoots hnve heen developed in oth,'.r beds of
"t.he oxidized
'
ore us the c"rbonnte smithsonite, limestone at t.he intersection of nnrth-soltth
but tto hodies of o~idv.od 1-inc comptl""blo fissur<'S, incincling those locally known tlS t·he
with those ill t.he sulphide zone huve heen de- St. I'lltrick, Hercules, and Ad.,
v~loped, In Dry Conyoll, to t.he sout.h, zinc The mine Wl1ll fiN~ devdopcd hy a winze.
oceltro in cOll3idcrable omount in the oxid.i7.e.d Luter 0. t"'llnd WtlS dl'ivell tl",1. cu~ Uti) m"in
""ne. In llunlerous lelld mines in (.he West. ore shoot nbout (lOt) feet hdow the ouh'rop.
oxidi7.ed zinc hus been oveTlookcd or neglec.t<ld When t.he cOI?t of pumping become oxec,sive, II
"lid hus bter been reveuled in pnynble hodies ""'"in turmo) WI19 driwn from II point just
upon the exnminot.ion of old workillgs, nnd it aboye the level or Rush ""lieI', In 1912 1.IUs
is possible thut su('h would be found in this htld been extended about 1,200 feot find inl!·r-
district, t.hough the writer knows of no renson sected the <ore bodi"" about 600 feet below i·he
~xcept the pre3ence of considernble zinc in the upper or 600-foot tunnt'l. L,,(<,I', pumps were
Sluphide zone for so believing, The iron slll- installed lI11d a winze sunk below t.he tUlu,d
phide hns commonly nltered to hydrouR Iron le~el. Ne,t!' thtl port al 0. conce.nt.rating mill,
o,ide and to the bnsic sulphate, . wwch ut·ili.es t,he Iftrge flo,,- of wllt."r from the
tWillel, 11M b«n opert\ted i,ot.ermitt.ent.iy in rc~
TENOR Of Tnt: ORKS .
cent yeors, The mine bus been opcfl\tcd in
The ores of the dish'iet us tl whole are of rela- pllrt by tbe compilny 1I0d in pnrt by Il'S.qees,
tively low grado, Ilnd concentration hos been Some of tbe ore ,"'os hond sorted hy lessees,
ner.e'iS.ry to raise mueh of the ore t.o u ship- and seoond-doss ore Wns concelltruted in jigs
ping grade, to il profitable grade, • J
According to the ceosus report for 1880 the The G,,]ena King mine is in the gu\c.h o.bo'l'o
fmlt'c1ess ores from the Great Busin mine, t,he the HOllerine mine, 'I'be geologic relutions IIrc
most important producer ot that time, (l.Ver- ill ge.ueml similar, ' tbough the sedimentary'
aged 40 per cent leo.d, from IS to 21 ounces hods stund Ill. .. somewbll.t steepc.t· angle, The
silver, I!Jld S2 gold per ton,1 C.onceot.rllting ore forms shoots near t.he intessectioo of cer-
ores ore estimtlted to have 8yeraged 8 ounces tuin limestooe beds with nort.h-south /lo;sures,
silver per ton aod 13 per cent lend, Oxidl1tion hus beilll ruther complete to 11 depth
The ore in the sulpwde zone, liko thut ill of "bout 800 feet, 13e.t\vecn 800 nud 1,000
~Dost of the lelld-silver deposits of t.he State, feet sulphides predominnte., t.hough there hilS
IS of lower grnde thun the oxidized ore ' and been consid,'r" ble oxid"t.ion, Some of the
'oems likely to pn"'e less profit:lble, shoots corry c.onsiderable zinc in the lower
levels, tbough it is not reported t.hut :&inc wos
luNES .
uhundnnt in t.he upper levels. Tho original
. The prindpill mines operllting ill the dist.rict ",,,tOI' leyci W:1S nt uhout the 800-foot. depth, but
Ul J912 wore the Bullion Coalit.ion, including t.he mine is now drained by t.h e Honerine twml'i
",haL W,\S formerly known us tbe Hone.rine Illld to the lowest workings, The mille is dC'\'eI-
at In cnrlier period os the Greut Basin; the oped to the I ,OOO-footlevel by un inclined shaft.
New, Staci-i.en, fonnet'ly known lIS the I>co The Ben Hllrrison mine, of tho New Stockton
Runscn, ond the Gulena· Kitl", Other pros- Co. is in the oortheastem pllrt of I.he district,
~Issbipped some ore in the s'l~e yellr, 'Thesedimeul.u.ry rocks 6,'e fi til higher horizon
tTtnlh el'u:ms tr, S., \""01. 1:1, 11.l47, 1~'I.'j.
thun those further soltth, lind qUllrtzitic sand-
 onE n~POSlTS OF U'l'Afi.
374
stoncsprcdomin"lewif.hint er:)cddrdlimcstone. ' to 1912 tho or"" 'from the Ophir "nd Lion Hill
'1110 dip ot' t!t(\ h,,"" is "1'0 stceper, heing 1l1"1.riy dist.rids were t'reigltl.ed to St. J ohns and thos~.
perpendieulul' 01' 10("111), dippillg to t.i1O ")lIth. from DI'Y Canyon to Stockton. In 1012 n
Dikes of po_rph.rl'!t ir.. rock , ::;i.milnr in ch;lr'lcter standol'd-ga.ge 1'::lilronJ Wits completed from St..
to the other dikes "f the district., Ilre present. .Johns t<:> Ophil·.
Tho sedimclltlll'Y sel'ies f10I'C, ti S fnrt.h cr soul;.t , The distl'iel. is 01\0 of strong relief. The erest
iq cut hy nort.h·.,ollth fj", UI'C;; t.llIlt dip rather of t.he rn"ge is "bout 10,500 fect. ulld the plnin
stc,{)ply w<"L a.t its westel'll hnso nbou t 4,500 feet. nbove sell
Oro OP'('.1l1"S 1.18 11 rep]~H'em cJ)t of tho liml""itono lc:wC'1. 'l'ho western s lope is cut, int.o n series of
ncnrtJw jnt cr~cf~tion so f thCllf)l't.h-~'iOut.h fl!'!~ t1res. I'ingc.>s sopnl'tl.ted by CflOP cUllyons, of W11ich
T Ile min eroliz:tl.ion is "im il:n' ill dUlI'I1C!.Ct· to Soldiers, Dry, and OphiJ' "!tnyons oro tbe most.
lImt f,"· thc~ to tho south, hut. the deposits <:011- import ullt.
tllin more 1n :tngn ne~o. Oxidal·ion has been GE OLOGY.

mt.hcr compld." [0 " dCl'I,1t of ahout 800 feet

The rocks of th e dis tl'ict ore hU'gcly sed:-
hoiow wili("h L1w O l'l) i:-o mainly :'Iu lphid l~ , though
mentn.r)", t.hOllgh th ere ore dil<es und sills of
sorne ox iil:lt.ion p.xl.cutls b) t.he 1,000-foot l~vel.
intrusive rocks.
The mino is open eel hy n J ,OOO-fo<) t verti,,,,1
sID.ft. It is cquipped with n mill of It cop"city SEDI}It;NTARY ROCKS.

of "bont 50 t(ln ~ u day. Iu 1912 dill mine

• wos being worked hy I c""ce.~. The second-clnss Tho sedimentury rocks consist of quartzites,
ore wus jigged to bring it to shipp;,," grade. shales, nnd limestones ranging in ngo from
In a proporty northeust of the BCI~ Hurrison C.unbri611 to CnrbOluferous. 'fhe lowest forma-
mine the 01'0, unlike most of t.il"t from the ' tion exposed is '1 medium-grainer! reddish
district, is confined lurgely to the 1I0rth-south Cambrian qunrtzite on the north sido of Op!!ir
fissures in quartzito. The oro is ill pIli'! gnlenn Cnnyon. I ts thickness is not known, though
and in p"rt oxidized "nd mns lmnslHlJiy high b severnl hundred feet of its uppor portion is ex-
silYeI' for t~tis district. Some of it is siliceous posed.
and owes its value m'linly to silvel'. The are Ovorlying the quartzite is It series of sholes
bodies are small us compared with those form- with interbcdded limestono. to which the name '
ing 0., a repla coment of the limeston e beds. ?phir formo t.ion is I:erein given. (See p. 79.)
Othel' properties in tho. district hnvc mode fhese rocks show some metllmol'phism, tho
production iu the past lind some of them doubt- shu.les espeeiu.lly lllwing developed Il schistose
10.."9 will contl'ibu te to the futlll'e output of t.he chu.racter. Certllin beds of the limestone ere
district. commonly composed of light-gray lUld dnrk-
UmUOQRAPBY. grny bunds, most of t.hem only >t fmction of un
Rnt.""n, R. B.. W"ing and OIilung nl. Stockton, t"lah: inch thick. Both t.he light. IIl1d dark elfor-
.:ng. 'JI,Ufin. Jour .• \'01 . 85, p. all, 1905. vesce wilh diluted hydrochloric acid, but the
Ilitern,,1 Commerce of t.ho t:hlted Stoto., p. 8r12, ] 800. light :oro appal'ently the purcl'. In mnny
~rtJKI'Wr, J. R ., Tho minornl rL'SOur COlt of the Territor,' of places, whcro pnl'tly replaced by ore 01' other
Utnl! ....i.th. mining HhujSlic" D1UP, (lk., p. 20, Salt
bko CII\', U72. mineru]s, tho hUDding is pl'eserved. This sc-
Tonth C"....;M tho Unitocl St"t.s, vol. 1 ~, p . .m, 1885. rics has a thickness of upw.ll'd of 100 feet.
Wn..,oN, G. B., Gccl()o~y of tho Honorit'.v mimI, Stockkln Fossils collec ~crl from it were report.cd by L. D.
l!I.!>: Ent;. and Wn. Jour" vol. 8·).1<' 869, 1!)()8, ' nlll'ling to he of Lower C"mbrilln lIge nne! toe
OPlln< DISTill"':. rocks 10 bo prob"bly corrcl"ted with the
Pioche shuk Overlying t.ho shnles, lIpporeDi.ly
QEKERAI. )'"EATUREB.
conformably, " gl'Ctlt thickness of rathel' heoyy
The Oplul' dist.riet is on t.ho wc, t side of the bedded limest.ones, mostly bluish, with some
Oquh'rh Range, "bout 8 miles south of t.he Rush ~ghter colored "ud n few shuly heds, cxtends
Va\ley digt~i('t . It extends from Soldiers Cun- mto Dry Conyon. Nort.h of Dry CnUYOU
yon on the north to the Camp Floyd or Mercux consiciemblo quartzil e is intcrbedded with tho
district on tho soulh. It has tlu'ee divisious- limest.ono. A poorly preserved trilohite 001-
Dry Cunyon , in tho 11orth, Ophir Cun yon in the lected severnl hundred feet uboye the 'shalo
con tor. ontl Lion Hill in tho south. Previous series Wus reportod by 111'. BurliIlg as probably

Colllo"io,n. Gnnsl ,,,,<I Keep' report. i ,20() f.et
of C"robrilU' limest.one.
1'he lowest horizoll from whie.1> Ca rhonifer-
. d b
OtiS fossils (deternunc y G. H. Gi r t.y to ho
low~r ~I i;;sissijll)i:ln) were collected is 200 to
30a feet below the ore hed of t.lm Cliff min,, ; !Luel
several C,)Il(,et ion, illll.de bet ween t.his k",,,1 Ilnd
the summit. of the divide hOI.ween Ophir nud
DrJ' c/loyou, proved 1.0 be of t.he some nge.
CoUeeLions fro m t.he . nort.h sirle of Dry Canyon
/lnd from mkhnt.y hetween Dry nnt1 Sold'iors
tnuyous pl'l)\'ed ( 0 be upper ~[ississippi"jl, nurl
fossils frol11 just. north of Soldier,; Cunyon wero
detNllluled >1 5 POlUlsylvHninn.
Sllccimells of d.uk sblll.,' rock collected from
the clump of t.ho Hidden 'frellSure miJlo in 1912
proved on examinution in t.he Survey Inborn-
tmy to be phosphatic. Since thut t.ime con-
sidcroblc phosphatic rock hus been reported
from this horizon.
In Lion Hill, south of Ophir Cunyon t.he
Sluna serif'S of rocks is exposed llS to (.he north,
though the section is not so complete.. Neit.her
the CiUllbriu.u qUlll'tzito nor shnle series is ex-
posed sout.h of the cunyen, and the rocks huve
been oroded from t.he surfnee down to the
lower C"rboniforOlIS.
Sufficient fOSbils have not been collected to
show how much of the grOtlt series of limestones
belongs to t.he periods between CtUlIbri"u lind
Carboniferous. No fossils of Dovonian, Siluriun,
or Ordovicinu "ge wero eollected, nnr! no sed.i-
ruents mny hnve been deposited during t.h ose
poriods, though this does not. seem probnbl(" ns
both Ordoviciun nnd Devoniun 1l1'0 present, in '
lbcuoighboring Tintic district.. 'L'ncnnformities
llre prescut iu the Tint.ie dist.rict below t.ho
Ctlrbonifel'ous and Ordovician, und it. is possi-
blo u,,\t the Devoninn "ud Ordovic.iun nntl tho
uppop pnrt of the 'Ci\mbritlll were removed by
erosiou . . It seems probable thut t.h e lowor
1,200 feet of the formation is pre-Cnrhonifer-
<lU8 ..nd muy include some post-Cambrinn
strat..
lOS I>:O U .s ROCKS.
.. I~eous r ocks hll.ve l'elll.tively slight are III
QlS(nbutioQ in tho d.istrict. Tho largest bodies
nro around Lion Hill, whero t.hey have been
mopped hy Emmons and Sp"rr. In his
:,:port on the lIereur tlis!.rict to (he south
9~~1.1. C., I'IIJ.t1 K00D, a, A' I Tua Ophir mining
t!. ~ Ie, Rev.• vol. 12, p. 17, UH!).
OQU IRRH RAXGE.
375
Spun" hos d
.
'b 1 t
. esen e,. wo types of porphYTY
whICh he bas c.1lled tho Enzle Hill and BU:ds-
h . ~
eye porI' ynes. The" Birdseye" is composed
of Ilbultcinnt phenocrysts of fclds pur with
r n1.1WI' l' Ie ,~t.''fII I b'IOtite und n. few phenocrysts
of q~"rt. 7. 111 u fine-grained grollndmnss. Tho
r OC k' IS ~ o.mll1on Iy I' ughly altered und its ori!!illnl
con l1'o,,,.'on
t e/ln not h 0 positively determined, ~
though It 's probably that of it quart.z 1110n-
wlli!.o. Tho Eugle lIill porphyrl' is a fine-
grll illed rock cont.niuing few i~COllSpicu ous
phenocrysts of feldsp.n, biutito, and qUHrtz.
Tho freshest rook is light gray to '"' HI'h , w1,ito
but ill 1'lac[)S alte,,, to yellow or pinkish. It
also "0o too· h,'"llly-
" altl'red
, . t 0) lieI'm".
" , I' .
c,omunu-
tion of its originn'! comp";'it.ioll, t.hough it
"PPCIl'" to h'1\'e beon more acidic thull the
"Bil'dscy,," porpbyry.
Tho" nirdseye" porphyry 'out e- rops ILt
numerous points "round Lion Hill lind hilS
been cocount.el'ed in the underground \\'ork-
ings. Apparently it. forms 0 sheet betwecn
tho linlll.tono st,l'ut.,.. Ii. is "Iso presont on
Porphyry Hill llnd Porphyry Knob southwest
of Lion I-Iill.
The E>lJ;le Hill porphYTY is shown on II
recoonaisstUloe map by Emmons nnd Spu,'!"'
l\S a sheet neu.r t.he summit of Lion Hill, but
the rock is diflkult, to recognize in its bighly
altered condition, and" detniled study of tho
areo is ueces.,ary t,o determine its extent nnd
posit.ion.
North of Ophir C,myon dikes cu~ t.he lime-
stoues. Ono st.l'iking g<luernlly nort.1t outcrops
()tlSt of the Cliff mino nnd cnn be followed with
some interrupt.ion, for more tbo.n tl mile. N etH
t,be divide between Ophir tmd Dry CIlll.l"ons its
outcrop forllls " con~pieuous whit" elilI. The
rock is fino gruined ll11d rcsemhles the Eagle
Hill porphyry. .
Severn I dik,'s arc present. ill Dl'y CllllYOO, all
of those noted s t.riking guuernlly no,·th. SOlDe
of them contn;u .. hllnd"nt porph)'1·it.ic cryst"ls
snd resemble t.he "Birdseye" porphyry moro
strongly t.hnn t.he Engle Hill porphyry.
Spurr cons incrs t.hut the two typl'S of por-
phyry of the Merl'llf dist·rict were dori",d from
" common mugm'\, nud it. seems probable (.hllt
t.ho 8Uwe holns t.rue for t.he porphyries i.n I.ho
Ophir dist ,ict..
'SPUrT, J. r.., EroDOmJa aro1CU' of tho l.Iercur lDinlnJ d(:l1r!ct : U. S,
dis~rict of Vl.&h: Gool, Sun~ ,. 9i.x~"h .\nO. napt .• pr. J77~I. I .
. I 0 1'. ('It., VI. lS, po. 300.
 ORE DEPOSITS O}' UTAH.
376
STRUCTunE.
Fouk-Folding is the most prominent stru,:"
turnl fellt.lIro in tho Ophir dist.riet und ~
bellutifully shown on t.ho steep slopes of Oph.lr
Canyon. Emmolls nnd Spurr I b~vo sbown
that t.ho southern end of t.ho OquID'h Rnnge
consists of u brond f1.nt.iclino Oil tho west nnd a
COlTcsponding 8;ncJbe on t.he eost, botb
st.riking gcnel'lllly nort.hwret. 'ne crest o~ t.he
nntieiine pllsses "Lout. through tho sumrrut of
Lion Hill, through tho main workings .of .t.he
Ophir Hill mine, n litt.Lo west of tho pnncIJlul
mines in Dry Canyon, Ilnd through tbo work-
ings of tho Queen of t.he n ill mino on the north
side of Dry Canyon. . .
From Ophir tbc rocks of t.bo western nnt.Jehac
dip away in nil dirediow; in n pron ou~ cc.d dome
01' qun'lullvCl'Sal structurt'. Tho dIps to the
nort,h nrc ruthor pronounced, hning ns much n~
25° t.o 30° just north of Ophir nnd becoming
steeper fnrtbel' noti.h. Sout.h of Ophir Cnnyo~
the dips Ilre much less.
Faults. -In dotermining tho principlll largo
felltmes of t.his pnrt of t.he mngo fnulting hos
been much less important tban folding. Some
fnults, bowever, nre importnnt structurnlly
and somo of, less mn~nitudo 0 nre import-ont
economically.
Tho import.ant Ophh' Cnnyon {"ult strikes
nortb of east, ne.a rly pnrollel with OpbirCnnyon,
and dip" steeply south. The vertical forco
thnt domed the strot" oppareat.ly caused t-bem
to broak ulollg the line of this fnult and rl1ised
t.he port.ion to tho nort.h more thon that to t.ho
south, hringing tbe Cambril1n quartzites Ilgainst
the lower port of t.he gron t limes to no series.
Tho displucoment WIlS grontest 'ltt tho center
of tho domo und doereflSed both to t.he east nnd
wcst. To determino the t,hrow of the fnult
will requiro dctlliled gcologic work to con·elll.to
the. corresponding horizons in the limestones ou
opposite sid,,,, of Ophir Cilnyon. It. is evident,
however, t.bot H,o t.hl·ow is lit lco.<t equiviLlent
to t.bo thickncss of the Cumbl'inn qWlI'tl,itos
find sholes exposed to t.he north of t.he fault,
wbich amounts to sevor"l hundred feet.
Fltult.s plu-Illlel to t,he msin Ophir Conyoll
fnult wit.b tbrowo of 40 feot 01' les~ have beon
encountered in t.be workings of the Ophir Hill
mine, "nd ot.her minor faults Ilrc present toword
t.be Dry CnnyolJ dhide. III t.he Dry Canyon
1 Spurr, J. F.., or. <!It., p). 2S, p. 3(;0.
area detniled m"pping will be required to
deterlJl.ine t.be position Itnd t,hrow of the ruther
complex {"ults. Some of the import.not Ore
bodies of t.his dist.rirt. lire report.cd (.0 havo
been cut 0/1' by faults.
FisSlLl'es.- 'I'bolimcstoncltns been hroken by
fissw'es that t.ro)ld gencr,,11y north. TheysholV
little displncement and UI'O importllut chiefly as
channels fOI' the ore-bearing solutions. They
can not be rccogn ized or trl\-ccd on the SUr-
face IU1d tbeir dis tribution is lmo"" only
so jl\1' us they hlwe bean c·ncowl !ered in
mino workings. ~'rom this, however, tbey
appear to bo most nblwddnt ~ear the crest of
the Slnt.idulO and to decrens,' 1\1 Importnnce as
the distnnce {rom the c r~st iu creases. This is .
of course tho condition t·hut would he normal
if they hove resulted from the bonding ~f the
limestone beds, for t.he crest o( the antlclme
would be subjeded to t·be gJ'elttest strain.
ORE DEPOSITS.
. The 01'0 deposits of the district show a ?en-
e,roJ simiJnrity .i n modo of OCCWTence but differ
greatly in mewl contents. The Dry Canyon
and Opbir Canyon oreS carry len.d-silver and
some 7..inc nnd copper; nnd the ores {\'Om Lion
Rill r,arry typically silver, commonly ~me
gold and load, but very little copper and zme.
RKPLAC},;lIKNT DEr091TS.
Pract.ic.illy all the deposits of the district
have formed us rep!tl-Cemeots of certain beds of
limostone in typical shoots or pipes following
tbe intersections of the repltlced beds Rnd tl10
ore-bearing fissures. In detail, bowever,. they
diffor considerahly. In some replllCement h8S
extended for n collsidernble distance from lh.
fusures nlld bus formed tubulnr bodies of ore;
in othors it hns forroed rel'lJ,ivcly sman pipe!.
Tho position of t.he Orc sboot is largely con-
trolled by the position of the replaced limestone
bed and the 01'0 fissure. Most of the fissures
are very steep, nnd m n.ny of them are nearly
vertic"l, but t.he dip of tho limestone ~eds
vl1rie.s grOilt,\y, and this dip govel11s tbe pitch
of tho ore shoots.
ALn:HAT[QX- Ot' TUB LJln:STO~E.
III SOIllO plnees the alterntion of the ~&­
stone by the ore-bearing solut.ions consISts
mainly of It replncement of tbe rock by ~
sulphide lIIinel'Uls Iormin~ the primor}' ore.
 V . B. QEOLOOI C A1~ SURVEY
PRO.·IlSSIOS.\L rAPEU III PI,ATE .J:X!.VU

-,,_ SPE C I~IEN 0.' ROC K FROM THE OPHIH IlILJ. MINE. S IIOWING ALTERATION 01-' 1.I;\Il;STOi\'F:
'THAT CONTAINS ORE DEPOSITS.
L:I:-'C~ ooo ta.ini1J.,!.; r.ryollt'.h uf P1rJ'...o IlIf'U comoo..d I/ur,dy d e:pidotii ",jl!:a orLhlX:IoM uno.l quw-tzi i.Jltcnmliol{ bond ..
eQUIpage;' 1.lrl'tly or qWf~rl.l wttl ()t\.ltocl~ T wo-third. naUlral "ii!~.

8. PHO'rO:'lllCROa HAI'H SHOWING GftADATJON FROM EPIDOTE LAYEH TO QUARl'Z-ORTIIOCLASE LAYEn .

1..ow(,'f' n:.;ht llI'( iJ, mdilll y f'pifIQ~~: ;;:!n lrllt bund. wainl)' Ql1l\Cl7. lind ,:rai!Lo.; o~ JIFi ' 4J: Uppt'f r.:h U/"C.J, fJuar!./. aad or!lrocl:1.ooc ~·ith 1IoOUl~
cptJot.c. I=:ular...l.u:w d l:W lc l cnt.
 ..

U. B. GEOLOO1CA1~ flunVET PROf'ESSIONAL PAPER 111 PLAT.!:: XXXVUI

..4. VIEW 01-' WEST TIN TIC DISTRICT I N THE ViCINiTY OF SCOTIA MJNE, SHOWING CHARACTERISTIC EXPOSUO.E OJ.<' GEOLOGIC l'OnMATIONS•

.ll. LIUN 1I1LL, ::illuW1N(J, Ol' HUt "'l'"TlCLtN}:; oN SOUTH. S lOE UF Ul'HU~ CA.NYuN . Or-HJlI..
I·............. ~"I ... l . .. c_~ .... ~H . C I "i • .
 OQUJIlRR MNGE.
other pl;'C'lS t,he elll\raet.er of t.h e limestone ad-
jacent to ~he ore hus bcen cnt,ird." "hanged.
In the Dry Cnnyon ,wc,' the limes tonc shows
relatively slight tllt ernt.ion, It. ha ~ undcrgone
some though u~u,llly not pro nottn ec.d silicificn-
t.ion allli contains SOll',e s ilicat.e minel'ok Vci:1-
like Illn,"es o( t,remolite tlnd wollastonite in
limestBn<' found on t.he dump o( tho Hidde n
Treasure "line howe uppnrent.Jy result ed from
renhcelUcnt nlong fi ss nrcs. In the s ilieified
ro:,.kn"tdy perfee t q ullrt.z eT),stnls in eo rb<illn te
groins Iltltl rather abundant negative rholllbo-
hedrrtl I·rystnls filled wi t h liquid ond gns arc
presen~, indicating that tho cnrboll a tl' hns nlso
been recrystullized. The 1!"S hubbies in these
cavities do Ito t ordinnruy ocellpy nlore tha n
20 per l'ent of the spu('e. Nellr UIC, Clift' mill"
garnet intergt'o wn 'nth. sulph.idt>~ \VIIS collected
It sever:ll points, Epidute was n,)t"d in 0, .im-
rror relnt-ioll, anel it is evident t.hllt these sui-
efttrs bllvo resllltcu from the tt otion 0 tit" ore
solutions on t.l l" limcs tonc.
Tbelimcstone beels adjucellt to the ore hod ie~
01 tho Ophu'lIillminc htlvO s uITered very great
obliges. Least nltered is II light-groy lime-
stOlle having II mther striking and churnc ter-
istic bonding of light and dnrk gmy luyers,
both of which. effervesce freely with dilute hy-
drocblorie acid . No chemical anulysis of the
roeb has been mude, but the lighter-colored
bands from qUlllitu tive tests appeur to consist
«neMly pW'e calciulll curbonate nnu the darker
beds to contl\in more impurity, llIuinly in tho
10 m of silicll. In t,h e ore deposit s th.is lim e-
atone hus been Inrgely replflCe d by ore sulph.ide.s
and by gungue minerals and tltis grades .Iong
tae bedding int<> !'Ock thftt has beoll converted
Tery largely into silicntes lind qUI\rtz lind some
IUlphidcs. Th ' bunding hus conmlOnly been
preserved in th.is "Itemtion (see PI. x..'C,{VII ),
UC'8pt that inst e'l d of forming cont.uluou8ly in
the hQJlds the sccondllr\" mincrals hllYOin muny
pk~ fOlllled in lons:shapcd bodies nlOl:g 1\
partICUlar bUild, . there wus compnrativdy little I1.ct'\\1ty.
In thi~ nltered roek epidote is nbunclant in
grtlCO bunds Or lenses, surroundc.,l by tl light
hond.obout tin e.ight!:t of nn ineh thick und the
retntUnder consists of It gmy moss, resembling
~lt~d limestone but horder. In thin see-
han tho gmcu nreos nre seen to consist Iftrgely
o[ epidote with minor amounts o( orthOcltlSC
~nG a jow ervsw s o( wollastonite. The light
•rea surroU~(lillg the epidote is composed
377
largely of ortboclase tllld some epidote; und
t.he gray ma~s eon~ists of o l' tho cla~c, lninutc
?rystnls o~ epidote, quart,z, lind sorieite, which
m pluces IS rnther plentiful. Tho Iltincruls in
t.l.l cse gray nrells nro vp.ry fine gro.inC(l nnd
dlffie-ulto( determintlt.ion, nntl i~ is possiblo that
st,ill others llre presont. It is evident, however,
that tbe moro important mincl'llls resulting
f!'Om the nlterot,ion :!ro "pido((!, urthoclase,
sericite, u,nd qUltrt.z .
A purtil.l nn:tll'sis of t Ito Inllteri"l o( t.he nomy
,
nreus tl nd t.he light bnlt!1s hy t\'. C. Wheeler,
'"
of i,he United StMes Geologic .. l Survey, .gllvo
K,O 9..,0 I,c.r cellt" NI~") O.S:l per ceut. If the
alkalies "re aU calcul"t eri :IS Il,ldsptll"S it gives
6:3 per ccnt. as tbe. Cdds i'lIl' eont ellt of tho rock . .
I ~ mny ho mcu:ion"d t hIlt, loeully, cspecinUy
along HIC 'cont~et of 'lullrt."it o Illtd limesto ne,
scridt c (musc.ovitd is pl'(,8cnt. ill l'(~lHt.ivo PUllt,y
as a white miCllccoUS suh~tu-l1 ce comm only
('. lll1cd II tHle,"
The t,l'pic,u "llcl'!ltioll of t he limc"tollo at
Lion Hill is siliciticntioll, t.ho ul tel'ed limest.ollo
or "zouo roek" being very IlIrgl'i.V replttced i)y
'lu.trt,z. Considemhl •. sericite is, howovor, scnt-
tererl through the rock .\IId in pla.ecs is mther
ubundllllt; burito is also mUter 1'lonti(ul Imt
t,ypien.Uy is n veiu \'lither than n replacement
minel·al.
The a1t~rntion in the "rea is confined to Ii
rnthe.· definite stratum rnnguig from 1\ few
feet to severlu scores of feet in thickness t·hat
normnlly and possibly ulvnrittbly lics directly
or closely beneuth tl sheet o( porphyry. It is
ill this nrea of altered rock thu t most of the
ore h owes have been found nnd for this renson
it is commOluy designuted in t.he district US
l.ho ""zone rock."
DIO: CAXY OX .
In the c,,~ly dnys of !!lining Dry Clmyon
yielded ' lur"e .1mounts of ore, some of it o(
.' I>
hinolt (!J'udc. At t.he t.lme of visit, UI 1912,
a b , . L('5-
sees were tnking oro (rom t,lto Hidden 1'ro...-
W'e property bot.h from underground n.nd
from the old dumps, nnd some ore wos bemg
tnken (rom other properties, Since 1912 can-
sidem!>lo zinc from oxid.ized orcs lind ot,ber
metnls hus been produced,
As ill muny of the older distI;cts , t,h e in-
nc<*ssihility of mnny of t.It e workulgs makes
study o( t,he ore deposits ntther tIllslltis(oet.ory .
 zq

ORE OEPO:>ITS OF UTAH.

378
],[oroo\,('.r, I.h ere h'i~ beell considcmblc r""ltiJlg
th.t cun be worked (lut SJl.(.isf"clorily Oldy by
delailed mopping. 'l1te following not es 01.\ the
mines nre derived in purt from OUI·ly des("flp-
tions nnd in purt fJ'om tho writer's ob~er"H­
tiOM. Fnl'sevcl'al mines no dda. nl'O H,Ttlilablo.
The oxidized Zll!n and ("opper orcs have been
described bv L oughlin.'
lliddm Ttws ure ·mine.- Th o l1idden Treu5-
m e mil:e was t.he {In;t 1.0 b" lo"nt.~.d in t.ho Dry
Cnfl,'un nuc! h ll~ hern one of (,he In.rgeo::;t pro-
duc~r.,. The liroostolle he us s(.rikc "hou t
N. 70° K (lml dip "bou t ~() o ~W. These beds
0
,we cut. by fissll'·cs striking N. :lb" to 40 w.
Ilnd by s~vel"rll porphyry Itikl'S, which, l1OW-
ever, uppeou· llut t·o be int.imat.ely IIssociatcd
with the oro.
The ore deposits have formnd us a replace-
ment of tho limestoIle udjacent, to the fisstlr~s.
Tho worki!lgs ]11[\'0 heen describod "S follows:'
The nrc ia found in one or two chimneys in (\ bedded
vein in compa.<.:t hlui~l limestone, which dip~ "-hout 30° It is generally in the form of the carbonftt~s,
(1
is mentioned
. . as occurring in tho min~ , but at.
that time ZinC ores were of no vnluo. In 1912
thc principfLI production Was ill t·he zinc carbon_
ate ore t:hn t wnil heill~ ta ken f!"Om old stopc-s
from which lead 0("(1 hud h een cxtmcte(1. Ap-
parent.l), tho zinc ore "'us nenrly f,."o from lend
und Mc()nliog to descript.ions milch of I.h ~
IC!.d ore mined wus cOIHp"mtil'ely freo from
zinc, suggesting tl sopal'nt,ioll of the 1·\\'0 mcW3
dlU"jll~ oxidatiou.
In places, ho,,"(\vo,., th~
oxidir.ed zinc ore could he trnC<\d into sulpltide
Ol·C, wh.ich wns quito os f,·co from leod us Ihe
zillc ore, a fact which st!"Ongly snggesL>scpnm-
tion of the sulphides. Bota the suJphiuP. and
cnrbonllt.o zinc ores were I'elntiveiy low in silver.
That ",inc oro wus rath er Ilbllndant in tho mine
is shown by t.he amount tllI·own on t.ho dump
as wuste in the extraction of t.ho lead orcs. In
1912 tho dumpti WMe being sorted principally
for t.h eir zinc.
Copper is present but not in Inrge quantit.y.

N. 3ZO W. ~\bout:\ feet above the ore thc..'re i8 11 eonUcl mnlachito and aZlU"ite, though tho copper-
vuin n.n inch or ro in width between an o'.'t'rlyinsst.rnt.um iron-lead sulphate beo.verite and the double
uf fliliceolL8 Hlole (lOt'nll~' ca.lI~ II block Elate ") and the
copper-zinc co.rbonate nuricho.lcite were col-
Iimef!tono hCDC'<l.th. Vcry rardy , however, does the orc
hody make t.o the conLnct (in SOUle of thQ lIPpC'f workR th e lected from the mine dump . Some specimens
oro \Gas on t he. contact ). One (.'binm cy began o.t t he 811r~ of tho zinc ore tho.t wero not st.ailloo with
ioce, at ot leQ.ilt within 60 feet of i~, ond conti.uued for 600 iron are slate-bluo in color and on testing
feet. It t hon fipiit into two chimnoys , whidl continued show the presence of eOllsidCl·ablb copper.
8C() feet or morc. 'T ue upper chimIley W3! from 20 to ]00
It is probable thnt this bluish zinc car-
feet wide (lnd from 3 to 20 feet thick. The brnnchC'8 were
from ]Q to 2..5 feet wide :l.nd from 1 in ch to 20 ieet thick. bonate contains varillble am01mts of copper
The oro iO'.lnd in tho Chimgo miue W:lJ:I iu two bedded Illld that it is not of definite composition.
pipet, which were in ~~ IitnC'Stone st~tum about lflO feel Specimens collected from the dump show the
beueath ~hese oro 'bodies. The pipes turned upward t\nd rephlc-omellt of sphnlcrito, chtllcopyrite, and
fin311y cOlluodoo with tho Hidd en 'Treasure vcio. The
oro of tb.e Hiddon Tl'CatlUTQ La Q. so ft rcddi!:lh-bro'J,'n ocher
gnleno. by eovollite, but no opportunity ..~
co~lt::J.ining cOnI.!Iite, go)en:l, and me of ('opper tnrhoD- afforded for determining t.ho nmoullt of tb:s
P.tcs. It ~Y!:1 froDl 15 to 40 oun~ sil\'(',r and 2'0 to 50 socondary sulphido oro.
ver cent lend. A Cow hundred feet. to the lIorth' of this (Jh;ca.go mi-n.c.-ThH Chicago mine is de·
mine , ill the direction in wh.ir.h tho ore bodies dip, a grtY.l l scribed IlS follows: J
dik e of graniLic porpb)TY cuts throuSh lhe t,."Ounln'. The
mine WtAH formerl y opened by fi 1' 0 inr.1illcs, three ~r ,"ru ch 'fbI.! Chic!I!::o mi TlO Wl\5 lncnted in 187l, and sold \0 an
w('re in oro. nod sc\·crnl tllnnell!. 1t ".~ "" orkcd nt lhl~ En ....li slL cotnpanY fCooll arwn.ardl!. Th(~ JTlinewasworked
pe~od llnder rtwie'K through 1\ bOO·foot tunnel. fro~ 'i~rollslr for &J\'cT1l1 Vt,.>91'8 hut h~ heon idle 8inro )~ltl.
whl("h :m R)O..joot. lodiJlo \\"3.1 !!un~, hetwoon the two O~ wns found in (.\VO pipes 60 {cot 3()llrt in tbe " rceP' M
('hll t~ of ort". The c~t(>nt. 01 the workin~ (I n tbi81!trotllID Jiuw~tJ.me l.!udt1r th e- II idden 'rrC;\RIIJ'c. TbEee pipe! O)JI~e
W:\l:I 1.r-oo (0(0\ on too dip OM ".j() f('('t IloriWIIl:lllr. to wit.hin :1. few !('~t of th e BtlffllCC. roreroo oDly hy the
Since tho abovo dpscrlpt.ioll WUI:\ wTitt.r,ll, n. irou cap, ~d dh'orgcd Mmowbd as :b~)~ we:~:O:,
lowor tunnr.! h.s bcoll ,h.ivOll and COlmer·ted They we'" In son.",1 .bout 2~ foct 10 am
varied in shape (onwk·rnbly, mpeciutly beyond 4~ f~&.
.h I I
w,t.
Th t le 0 d workinz;;.
. . '-' O · f II
DO pl]te WI\.'i 0 OWO
d J:lOO
)
f00t . t
I d·~
- -"-' 10 "'.. .n
I
.. e Pl'oouotton III tho eorly dovs 'YHS from Iintil it was 0111\- G inc1:€11 in diameter. whon \fork ns
tho loo.d,'ilvor "curbonate" oro". ··Zinc blclldo .b.udom.'\. This had f',·e amnller pi]>" brancJU ng
_ _ it. Tho ae<.'(lnd pjpe "'cnt down qllil(! ~ 1811y for 'fil
r:
, ' . , L. ~ ,tlnt)' • 6~. pJ'l. I-H, lU18 (Bull. &510-.'\).
I
O~)J~~~~: ~ ~,~I:c:~ln' ulR~U rdlll(l tl ooppe' ""l bouUleOf~8t (cut, then 8uddenly rose 00 fc."Ct and continued 00 :.
11 , eutn ~ruU!l n, 8., ",,01, 13, p. .f.5'l1,lSS5. " Tenth Cen~1l.'& 11. 8., voL 1:1, p . .f.:i:l, 1SS6.

flC('ond rise brough, it. to the llidden. 'fn"'\l8tlre
rotInl'l. :\
vew. The ore j~ Of"b"rous, ~Y;I\; frum 25 to .3;') ounces
sh'd' and irom ·10 to '1.3 pl'.r f'cnt I(·RII. On- .tho ~id~ o(
tho piptl thP.fp. W l1.~u ally (rom G ioebes t.o a foot of a. V:l.!llo-
leiI o:(iJe of iron, £rcxluonUy 5ta.iOP-rl hy I'opper ('3r)lOl1·
.11.'l!. TlJe tob11 ('lIttin~ amount to :lh()ut. 5.000 fcot.
Tbr. nline prudurt<1 ('onwdcrahly o\'er 12.0:m t.ons of om.
.Mollo ·7J'!·inf .- 11H' :Mollo luill~ hn:o; heun one
oftltelnrg~l)rodur.o.rs of tho distri<:L Th,,·cxu('t
t:l~tnl o:Jtput is not, kllO,,'n hut hns heon psti-
rn.wrl.~ .bout, 81,000,000. Tit" m"in jlrodUl"
tion was mnd() ill enrl)' tlnys- , "ht,;n a l.'Ihoot of
vcry ridl or. was foll owed till ( IlS (l'poctcd) it.
~"'" cut otJ by u foulL. For PIl!·t of its extent nt.
Ionst Lho ore shooL underlies 11 rnt.her tbi"k bed
of bl.ck shale whi ch in Dlllny pl".,cs iltls been
crushed to an imporvious gouge thut oppe .. ,..s
to huvo stopped the oro solutions nnd cfluHcd
Ihem to replnr.o tho limest.()l\e underneuth.
'The .... ,·Iy working>< werc dcseribe.d as follows;'
siderabl" production in eurly days Wert' the
Dcsol'ot gr'oup, 11 t.uh Quce.n, Sacrll m€lll to, ~Ioun­
Ord ·bc·;.m ol.•• the tturfu\"o :lntl \T"tUI fouod in;\. chulo from t.nin Su\""oge, Emporia, FotU't.h · oC July, and
10 tQ r.o b ' long, rrom:\ t.o I) inc!; "dde, and 3')~ iect d(!Op. 'Wandoring
R~low t.hat depth it w:n!'l in a 8nriC'":3 of ~1D.nll depooils. JI.
_!WI IU\ oxidized oro, irom flilver, lend, ('opper, and iron
IlUlphi~. Sl.t. of horn silver were frequontly found to
,.ft Ih11hoy would rolrun ,t.
impression of 11 c'OiD, like
Ir.u. Jls \'al"o, by tho ton, w.. from ~l.j() '" 'S,'JOO in slope of Ophir Canyon, I~ few huodred feet
!.'ih.'er. Thi~ lire OCCUl"8 in :l ~tnll .um of d3y Hhalc. T;,c
orochute!ccm1:l to t'ro~ thjs 8tmturu aod enter a. black below the
"',!ocI.deptb o( -too feet. In lbe lower workiD!:" I~o
cr. " .... limitod in quantily and only",""yed ol>"nl ~lOO
per toc.
The )(ono tu.nnel is in t.h e ",ulch ahout 800
,~
feet below th" upper workings snd is designed
to cevelop tho urell at greuter depth. Some
Ore bas been found ill this tunnel, but us vet no
bodie3 (:ompu.rnble in nmount lind vuiue to
those i.u the opper workings hove been found,
.Q",",: of the Hi.UoS m.;.nc.- 1'he Queen of Lhe
Hills. mille, ineludillg the Queen of the Hills,
Flovillll, and ){uhogany 10cl~tioOB, ""19 not
III operaLion at the Limo of visit. These c1.illls
hove boon d escribed liS follows;'
Th cl'
CflQ iU lJ\8 am on threo c.himnc\'s in :l
~7m 1 to .6 l oot. wide, dippiu).": 170 Lo 250 W. between a
belcooue llluoatone ;liJO\'e <lncl u. blU Q limestono jjtr!lh.:.m
~~. ~ • • 111e dip of th e- chirnneyoH i.'t N. 300 W' I
, ~ ohlIque to th~ dip of t.he ~tr:lt..'l. .,. "" .. The fill!t
ClnmnCY WI8
tl' 3:lO'loe t Iong ( bfo.oebemg ' ,.",. h)' Ih e fau lt)
"IS!) • W":lI from 25 to 40 fcot ~·id e , h~\\· i.ng:l, I.hkknees of from
'nch".. 2 I
00 eet of ochorou9 ore rontaini!)'" ·b ut little
copper aud 8.lid to QM8)' from 20 to 250UDces sUver and 50
:~nlleod . . Th.""t'ood cllimHey W3B 1.000 feel long,
.. .0 to 70 feel wide, and .Iso bad from 18 inci,,,,, 10 2
'fl'ut/t Ce.1kI D.!I lJ . 8 ., YO!. 13, p .•,u, l~j!I .
OQUIRRH nANGE.
379
'eet of ore. ~c~er.l.l1y upon tho h.10ging "'<ali, L.cying ahoo.t
-tOollnc:~sl!\"crl.nd30·,"lerl·c"'ll_d ~. "" ' . 1'telh·
1 . In t· I: I'
11(),OO\,
"fruS :ll"lOllt '.he ~n::.(} ~7.e ~ the :OO<'ood, bill. the (I ro cotlt:li~'
~mo tc lr..!i.J(-'(lnl(', mudl m:lJ:t.C'hitn, and li :.t.le Ie-.u! and
~ayen. alxmt flO ounc'C8 mh("r. Recently zin c or~ );ae
lleen Rhlpped (rom tbif.t mine.
Ke(lrsn'7'~6 tninf:.-The Kearsnl'go mine hn:'t
hoe" drsenhed 'IS follows;'
'I.-lit! o rl~·hro rin~ form:ltioo i~ " IIi-Tat.tlll) of !iroc'{4tone, i..n.
wiu('h Lhc ore o rC"llnJ in (:himnc.~'$ om! (>xcoedinglv irregu_
lar mJs.."<.'s. The on;'rlying 8trahm) or hnng-jng ~nIl jd n
ve ry r Olll!lUf't silicooll!t liro ee:tooe. One l'himncy l~ n
?t the ijmlal'c :Inci 'ftent dowo 300 foot. • .. tt The ore
IS;'\ ~ft o<· OOr. 6imi lar to wator t.h~ Hidden 1'fOO8I.lre Imt
nllh'h ri{'her. 'I"hc m.ine \\""$ opened by a. 9·1,j..{oot indtne
h:\vi n~ a dip of 30 0 to 3.ju. Tbo ore continued in the bot:
tom of Ih e in('line 20 incbe:! in wide.b, Imt w:tt('r hnd
stoppc~ I t he work.
O/h.,. minc.,.-Other mim"S thllt' llwdo can-
J,,,,,.
OPilin CANYOX.
Clift -minc.-The Cliff illwe is on the north
Dry Canyon divide. The mine
was worked in t.he . ,arly days and since J 905
hus been oue of tho im~rt.u~t, producers of the
districL.
The sedillUlntary rocks lire limestones of
low~.r Carboniferous age, probably neur the
base of the Carboniferous, for fossils of this age
lI'ore fou.nd only a few hundred feot below the
oro borizon. The .m ain development is n little
to the eost of the crest of the ant,icline, where
. tho Rodimentnry beds dip .bout 30° a little
cust· of north. A promiuent porphyry dike
striking obou.t nodh nnd dipping steeply enst
cots tho sedimenL.ry sericR Il short distance,
west of the main workings. The se.diment ... y
roo.ks are also cut by fISSures slriki.ng u lit.t.le
hedded \'ein
east of Jlort.h llnd dipping steeply 0ftR L.
Ore bodies haye been developed fiS vcry
incgulnf replacements of the limpstono ulong
foul' {i ss l1re~ aL t.wo main horizons olD to 50 fe e t.
&Pllrt, The" pitch northeust in common with
"
tho intersection of the bedding und fissures.
The limestone associated with the ore hos b e rn
silicified nnd gornct,ized La SOIDe extent. The
contact of the limestone Rnd porphyry dike
hag heen prospected for a short distance.
...
ORE DBPOfilTS OF UTAH.
380
Some minertllizcd l'ock, is prp.sent but no orr, has but in t.ho most northerly it id t.o tho south.
been found.
Tho principal primnry sulphjde minemls nre
gnlenn, pyrit{l, sphalerite, and chokop)'1'ito.
A<ijllcent to the fissures these have been largely
,dtered to 8ccondnr), minemls, principally
('urbonates and oxides and minor nmounts
of other minerals. including tho leud-iron
sulphate plumbojnrosite. Ncar the fi ssures
oxidation hns usually been rather complete,
but further from the fissurcs, awny from the
moin chnnneis of circulntion, sulphidcs a·re
more plentiful nnd some nonrll' pure snlphide
or e hu."I bC(l.n mined.
'rhe most importfLTlt output has been ·lea.u
!lnd "ilvor, but. t.he m ine h", "bo prou lIeed
coI,sirlernblo OOt'p"!' all,1 ,orn e zinc. The oreil
h,lY" beon only IUorlc.... ,t.ciy rith, but those thus
fl\l' extruded hlwc been of It shippi.ng g,·arle.
The mino hns been opened by thmo t.unnels nt.
8uc"C',ivcly I,"ve,' dept.h", no.! in 19.12 Itn in-
cline h •• d h"en Slin k to " uept.h of 550 feet. on
tho dip below t.he lower t.unnel. The ore is
tmnspo)'ted to t.ho raill'oad in Ophir Canyon by
!lJl Iteri,,1 t·mm. Previous to 1912 it WflS
freighted by trnetion engine from t,he buse of
the tmm to St. Johns.
Oph·ir lIm mine.-The Ophir Hill mine of
the Ophir Hill (,,ollsolid,,ted Min iIlg (', 0. is on
the north side of Ophir Cunyon, nbout hull
B milo northwest of Ophir. Tho ore bodies
occur in the Cambl'il1n shrue-limCl:!tone series
(Ophir fOl'mution) overlying the Cilmbri"o
quartzite. III the mining developments five
strata of limestone have. been recognized,
though they ure not eutiraly distinct Ilt nil
points. Tho shluo, especil\lly in tho lower p ..rt
of the seri..." hilS Iwen met.llmorphosed to a
distincUy schist.ose rode The limest<>no beds
hlwo suffered cornpamt.ivdy litt'!e IIlteratioo
exc<JIJt thfLt. "I",sed hy tho oro s,)lut.ions. Sln--
eml of the bede lire c<>Lnposoo of light and dark
gl'ny layers which give t.he roek a chariLc teri~tic
bl\nded structure. Overlying tho limest<J no-
shnle sm'ies 111'0 helwy-beudcd blue lime.3tones
in which little on' hilS been dc\·eloped. ' osit,ion of the bedded ore.
The developed n.ren. is jw<l north of t,he Ophir
Canyon fn.ult and nOM' the ercst of the dome.
The beds stTike generully ellst Ilnd lijp IllJout 25°
It ht.tlo eust of north. Severul minor fUlllt s thlLt
appelLr in the mino striko genemllv elLS\. In
mo.st of t·hem the down throw is 10' the north,
:::q
Most of the throws are only II fow fee t, though
that of the "Big" fauit is abo ut 40 iect,.
A series of fissures striking 1\ li t t.le enst of
north cut the sediment"ry rocks neudy nt
right .mgles to the bedding find "bout parallol
to the anticlino Ml(1 dip steeply west. They
show 110 extensin) moYc.rnent, "nd (1S thoy
cross the eus(..west fm,lts with lit :'!e or no dis-
pllLccment, t.hey appclll' to be tho youngest _
st.ructuml ie"turco. Four s)'stems of replace-
roent deposits-the Wild Delirium, Mine,,, D,,..
light, WesL stope, .tnd elm'k s tope-have been
.leveloped mljlLeont, to thesc fissures in each
of five limestono bed~ or "veins."
The t h iekllc~ of the ore bed", (;ht\J1ge~ :':iomc-
what from pbt<J to phce but. i, "pl',·o" imlltely.
ItS follows: Top vein, 5 feet.; Dig vein, 20 feet ;
Middle vein, 10 Ieet ; C<Jl'per \'oin, S feet; nbo
vein, 6 feet. 'l'hes.e IIvein~ I! nrc nn J... everr-
where entirely dist.inct, !1nd [It some points the
Top and Big veins "nd tho Blue nnd Copper
ycins nro mined toget.her. The muxunllm dis-
IImco from the m s ures t... whieh t.he Iim!'SloDe
hus boon repltt.eed by OTe minerills is 40 feet,
flnd po&<i bly more. The most extensive de-
posit.s are associnted with the MS(..west faults,
the limestone ndjucent t o whlch appears to
h ..ve been crushed and thus rendered more per-
menble I1nd susceptiblo to replncement. The
primary ore minerlils are p}Tito lind glliena,
some sph ..lerite and ch>llcopJI'itc, n little tetra-
hedrite and bornite, and probably othor me-
tallic minemls in snlltll nmounts, The more
ilnportant gangue minern]s arc epidote, qu:~rt.zJ
orthoclflSe, sericite, nnd residultl cllleite.
The north-south fissures Crl IT)' n o deposit, of
vfllue. At the am horiwns they commonly eOll-
tnin are from the thlclmess of !l knife blllde to
2 or a inch,,,,, but except for [.\us they nre Sllid
t.o be nearly or quite bllrren. Even thig ore
I1ppears to bo distinct from t.he bed ore, fOl' it is
sepnmtoo from the beds by rustinct. wltlls, and
it cnrries II much higher perc.entt-go of copper
nnd zinc. Tlus condition s uggests thnt t.be
lis.,ure" were reopened flUU filled lutor t.he dep-
Oxidation in this deposit liltS been rdlLlivcly
slight. The ore milled in' mccnt yel1rs is &
concent.rnting oro of rnthcl' l ow grode, averag-
ing flround 8 pe.r cent lend aud ab(}ut on ounco
of silYcl' per llrut of lead. Tho ore yields
considerable copper and some gold lind zinc.
 OQU:RRft nAXGE.
Tite mine w'us first worked tlll'ough indine.s
on t.ilO dip. The main incline follows tho ore
t a depth of about 1,800 fcrt. A e1min "'Id
o,rkin" tWlDel, through which the ore is trans-
m ~ .' .
rted by ciect.f1c tnuns, IliIS be~n d"lvcn to
1'0
tho 01" body from n. pomt. 'Just nI)0"0 t 11e" ml 11 .
1 Jorge tonnage of conrontrnting ore is de"el-
oped in tbe mine lind enn bo cbenply extructed,
owing to the lllrge s~e .of the ore bodl~ and
the small amount of tImoN' reqwred. In 1912
the cupaciLy of the 150-ton mill Wus nbout
doubled.
LlO:.f DILl ..
The Liou Hill urOll is south of Ophir Cnnyon,
the principal producing Urea being nelu' the
s~mnut of t.h" lUll. (See Pl. xX~\'1rr, A.)
Owi"g to the high l:ro.de of (he Ol'es, the
rclo.t.:vcly simple recovery o( the met.uls, and
tho e3se of deV'elopment, t.he deposits being
ncnr the sldnce und in a position favorable to
. rl,,~e1opment by tunnels, this section of the
district was el1l'ly developed l.od for severul
yc~rs in the seventies WaS nn important pro-
ducer. With the exho.ust.ion of the richer nnd
n\QI'C acc=ible deposits Itctivity greatly d~­
dined lind fol' many yom'S OPOI'I1tiOD9 werc
conducted principn.lly by lessees. Recently
sc"ernl of tho old properties hllve been r·om-
bined as the Lion HiU Consolidated Co., nnel
mor" systcmlttic development of its territory
he.s b""" uuderto.ken.
The sediment"ry rocks of Lion Hill ore
mainly limestones with interbedded enlcnreouti
tih.ll's. The Im,"er purt of tho series, like thut
north of the co.nyon, is probnhly of Cambrilln
age, aud for soveral hundred fee.t below tho
crest the rocks Itre of lower Carboniferous Itge.
Tho igneous rocks consist of porphyry dikes
and sheets. The most important body out-
crops Ilt numerous points around the hill neo.r
the sUllllnit nnd appeal'S to be a sheet, though
it hftS not been sho"'n to be continuous. It
has been cOl'l'elllted hy Emmons and Spurr I
with tho Engle Hill porphyry of the Mercu I'
district, but in several plllces it is COllrger
grained, mom porphyritic, und IDOre bllsic in
appcnrunce, find resemble., mOl'e elosely the
"Birdseye" porphyry. 'The other porphyry is
on Porphyry Hill and Porphyry Knob Ilnd is
the "Birdseye" porphyry of Emmolls and
Spurr in the }.orel'Cllr district.
lOp, tit., pr. 377-379.
381
TllC nurt.hwctit-southcllst ".nticlino is belluti-
fully exposed in Ophir Cllnyun. The dome
s(.ruct.:Jre in this anticlino ccntering Ilt Opuir
Cltnyon hilS given the rocks 0. slight sout.hwnrd
d'p. The rocks here, liS well J :O north of the
cllnyon, hllve been broken by two series of
fissures und fnults, 3n e:l.St~wcst sori<'3 genemlly
pal'ullel to Ophir Canyon and R north·sou th
series Ilbout pllrullel with the trend of the
nnticline. TI,e ore deposits nre dosely associll-
ted with the nortu-sonth fi.sm·es "nd o.re com-
monly found Il short distnnce below the POI'-
phFY sheet. Ovel' Il cOllSidel'llble part of tue
mineralized arell this pOl'phYl'y is not present,
but in mnny plnccs the relntions strongly sug-
gest that it \'9'ilS once present n,nrl WtIS removed
by el'Os;on.
Underlying tho porphyry sheet llnd lu\jllL'Ont
to the north-south fl8sures the limestone has
been ehuructeristielllly 1I1tered I<> 11 cuerty,
porous mllss composed principally of silica
with considerable sericite und smnll gl'uins of
residuIII cnleito. Tlus mllt.cl'il11 is lo(, ..lly known
us the u zone " rock nnd is asso('.inted with
mucu of the ore.
T!!e ores thus fill' don·loped nrc within a
,"erticnI distance of a few hundl'ed feot. W",U-
defined (iS8UJ''''' ex tend bdow the ore zone bu t
ure commonly open 01' nl'e filled with culeite
"nd contain no ore. The ores ure olmost. en-
tirely oxidized, the rich deposits contn.ining
horn ";1 vc.1' lind lond cmbonllte. · Some ore col-
Iceted by tuo "'l1tOI' contained in conside.ruble
nbundRnee " yellm," lend minernl, consi"ting
of suJohur, lend, ,ersenic, iron, und in some
SpCC;n;OllS eopper. :lrnteri,,1 of sufficient pur-
ity for careful ,!uI1ntitntive study was not ob-
tained . In some of the rich silver ore IL possi-
bly similllr light-yellow sulphllte fills smnU
cllvities. Plumbojnrositc is mU,er abundo.nt,
nnd som" of this ore is so.id to be rich in
silver. In purts oC the I1ren, o.ppnrent.iy
especiully in th" northellstcrn, mango.n~se ox-
ides nuxed with the iron o,;ides >11'0 mt.her
abundaut.. The orc is c.hamctcristiclllly Il
silver ore, though it contllinll consiuemble
leud and "old lind in pllleL's It little copper,
zinc nnti7uony, and lIJ'senic. Tho typical
u1n~uc mineI'll} is the silicified limestone, but
0 1 0 ' .
b rite nl80 occurs, nnd calcIte IS COIllDlOII.
n
Locully, . .
scrlmtc: c,omnlOIl Iy en11 e d "tnlc, " IS
.
presQnt in c.onsidemble nmounts. In ~omc
plu(,," tllll oro is surround"d hy n gray, frll,ble
 aq

o r-:E Df.POSITS OF UTAH.

882
mllSs composed largely of smull qUlHtz cry,tal.q,
many of which nro nearly clIhcdi',ll ill form and
contllin many smnll dark inc\u. ions.
The oms of tho urea mllge in metal content
fromruilli.ug ores cllrrJ'ing II few doll'lrs a ton 1,(,
high-grado ore9 carrying hundreds of ounces.
Considcl'I\ble low-grade are lies on t.ho dum ps
and is cont.ained. in the mines, nnd some favor
l sI:ine C,,"yo~; nlld Wes t. Dip (on the West dip
of the untlchne) , about 2 miles 'Yest. of ~fcrcur
nonr the w('s!.ern pnrt of the mnge. The SnIt
Lake & )fe rclII' n,)iJroad, which "'us dismuuLled
ill 1!l14, conllcctcd with thc Los :\ngcles
& Salt Lllke nllill'oud ut F"irfie1d Junction
lind furnished (runsport"tion for t.he district..
The district WtlS first organized fit the berlin
a

ablo ground ill the dist!'ict has noyel' been sys- ning of a sil'"er exnitement on April 16, 1870,
tcml1t.ielllly Pl'o$pected. Mnny of the old lind Intel' Wns practiclilly ubnndonc.d until the
workillgs I1re 1I0t now acceesihlo. Some of discovel'Y of gold ore, which Wns suco.c$sfullv
them have be.en describcd fl" follows:' treated by cynwdlltion in 1891. On June 24,
Tho ?ella grOl:p ~
.j!. itt on th e western side nnd 1894, it was reorganized.
•

nonr the summit of Lioll Hill. • • , 1'bree large The early his to ry of I.be district is renewed
h():Ji(~ [of oroJ and He\'cral MnalloT 011('9 woro iound about by Huntley,'! who s uys :
20 fcot helow the 6nrf:lcc. The ore is Po soft, yellow,
fo iliccout.( (:blorido ~ n)'ing t!CVCf"J.l hundred dolJDrs pt'T The C.8mp FIo~rd dil1t.rict itJ so uth of the Opbir clistrict
ton. • .. If It W:'l!4 imJ.H$li blc to a.sccrt:-.iu, exropt and is ou the WUJI C range. I t i,:1 nn irre<JUlar rt..'C tangie,
nppro~imt\tol)'. the total produd of this group, 111.~t it from 7 t.o D mil ~ Or! n. aide , the m.iU(~ theDlsclves, ho\v-
WM (~t..iolat('d at ~6(\ .OOO . .. .. • over, being indudt..'<1 .....ithin lin aIe-I1- of :l equa.te mile.
Tho oro [of the MODorcb groupl i!t fou ud in Il ~ tratum of • .. .» The Carrie Steele mine .. .. -II" , ...M dis-
QUart1jtc. dipping 91ightly oortl:<".J8t. Th(ltc is limestone covered in 1873 hy Leandro Stecle ~ was worked from 1876
helowand por;thyry, in oomc 111a.('e'i.4 at h.>ast, Ilhovo HUff toJuly, 1879 , when it WR6 ooltt to the Co.rric Steele )tiulDg
strotum. ~ * ~ 'fhere oro two or thl1?c l~e bodies en., oi :New York. 'I .. ... OD~ largo body of anti-
... .» .. ~od severnl Bmoll~" r ont~. Th~ oro i:f ~'. poromi monial ore 20 fC'ct thick Ilnti 60 by 70 fo(!t. in edremo
quartz ('Ontaining cnv.itit"8 lilJed with the "chloride " of width aDd length was found ott tho tlurfaec. Th (~ richest
tho minc-r!l nnd BOrne earbonllw of lend. In the contC'r of ore a\'(>rng-cd ~7()() ami Qccurred in a B('!lJl.l. from S to 10
tho body it hi (Illite 80ft anjl iine but upon tho edges vcry inches wide next. to the roof. ... ... ~ Tho m.ill " ••
IU!I"ci uDd C()(1f3A. • -<II ... 'fbe t.')h11 product t~ tho clooc WRa built hy un English ('ompo.ny in ):'172- /3 to work tho
of tho ceDRUS ycar WM $117,500. ore~ oi t,bo ~parmwhnwk minc o .. flo • It. Wl:t>: pur-
Tho Douglas mine • .. • is near t ho 1I0narch ehil.'iCd by the Carrio Steele :Mining Co. in 1879, rmd ran
graop, ....hich it gre-2t.iy r~oJOblC8 in gall.guO nnd ore. from Yay ]0 t.o AUbrtisL ]5, 1&,0. • .. ..
* .. 'fo """0 ixxti(!l [oi oro] h~."c heen fouud of about The other minCH of Lhe Camp Floyd disllid nre :
the 8Illl)(l.oro: 60 fOd Ilpa rt.
.llinc~ of Camp Floyd.
BIliLlOGRAPHY.
T<tnllt Cone08 U . 8., vol. 13, p. 450, 1eS.), Tot.• )
G.~StIL, G. C.• r.nd KBt;P, C. A., Ophir mining Jist net oi Tetal
).ril\~.
le~fh Rcrua:rk~.
Ut.h: Min. World, \'01. 12, p . 17, 1910. prod-
~{ulU'ltr, J .. R ..• ,!h,Q nune.:at. tcsources of to'1 Tl'rritary oi open- nct.
Utah, "1 t.b Ullnlng::;t.1.tlt!t.lC8 :md Innp~, p. 20, S:~lt Lake
iDB""
('it)', 1~72.
S1'l!RK, J . E., and F..· OIO !\S) S. ·F ., )Jcrcu r min.iDg" (:iot.rid, Fed .
Uf.ub: U. S, Geo!. Survey Sixtconth AWl. Rept., Sparrow Hawk ... 6, 000 $300, 000 Oro similar to tbtttof
pI. 2, pp. 343-155, ISDS. Iho Cnrrie 8",,1 •.
~b-lr of tho \V('tjt. . 500 None. No ore shipped.
1ntcrnlll Cri'mml!T'co ofJ the United St.Met!' lS!JO P 892 Silver Circle .. _. . 1,000 Small. In 1873 ID:clnY ~hou­
WMhir'lttm , 18\11. " . " ... od doll"'" apeot
in Pf"OSpecting.
CAMP FLOYD Ol? MERCUR DIS Tl?ICT. SilYer Cloud .. . .. 800 ........ Formerly shipPed :\
f Clw hundred tOIl.i
HISTORY AND PROD t:Ol'rON. of $30 orc.
Uy V. C. Hfmn:!:I.
)Jonnon Chief . .. . 1, 000 ...... .. Litt lo done since
1875.
The Cnmp Fluyd district is nbout 55 miles Elkhorn ......... :;so 60,000
~outh of Sult L .. ko Cit.\" in Tooele County ad-
JOlJllJlg tho Oph.ir miuing dist.l·ict. It cO~~l1iIlS The pl'oduction of the w striet from lS71 to
tlt.ree dis tinct cllmps- Mercur, the most impor- 1881 is esljml\!.ed by Spur.' ' at 46,000 ouneoS of
tllnt, in Lowis ton Conyoll (see PI. L\:XIX)' silver; I.h e ore" cbell \\"orked con tained no lead,
Sunsbine, Ilhou~ 4 miles south oOfercul' in Sun~ i Jd~rI, pp• .1.501-455 .
• ~[lUTT, 1. E., ECOllomlc g'IKItoey of tho rtl"cur Ill1olrr& dbtrld: U, S.
Genl. Sur\'~>' ::il.x k-cntb Ann. Ropt. lS8f-.US. 1)t.:I, p. 3M, I$S.
Ii. S. G£Ou)(;IC/,L SUI1\' J::Y

VIEW O}o' :'\IERCUR BASlN AI~D CONSOI.lDA.l'J::D ME

AND COi\SOLIDATEn MERCUR MINES MILL.
 •

OQUlRRH RAXGE.
383
copper, nor ~ol(L 'l'he. gold prodlldion of \";n tc r ot 1~8?!)O ~ome work was douo on the )(ercll r lod e.
Cump Floyd dj$tnct., whwh hl""llrnn imporlont. A .1·lno
•
le.i. 0 1 Ih·
-...
o·r 0 "''3.'! 1.rongb t o.c.~.s the tiltH'OIl to the
in 1892, Il.mounted in t·hut. IUHI t.be ""r(""~cJing MOI, on Inlll :lnd trcatl'd with allp3.rent 8\1CCee:tI . •
year to n.b out 10,000 ounces. l' c.~r.s: G. R "P{'~·ton :lIlU H . W. Bnm·o a.~iatl'd liI<"ol '
~I,,('s wllh Capt.. ~n~t h ill ~I a r('h, lS90, and illcorpor:.HloU
Gemmell' g'vcs t·he following his tory of t.ho the Mercllr Gold )'IInlng: ~~ "filling Co. it 'if * 'l\n'nw-
district up to 1897, five thou~:l nd dolhrn w. .·re spenl. uHd(~r tJ1I) uirecti(lh ~(
When the dh::. !rict. W ;""I8 org.:w h',ed on April 16 , 1870, it C::s.pt. ~hlll tb in building t\ mill nr:n Ii, ~pl'tnt"? ut what i:J
n:l1!Ir:llly ,,'.\.~ c:all<'! d 1',hQ Camp Floyd mining district., The' no~ c~ lled If:.nniTl$, :thou •. ha1fW:lY h('hfet~Il!:l.\I'm'ur aud
6rs~ location in th e dist.rit:t, was a p lacer claim, lo('ald, by F'aU'6dd station. Thi.:.; was an IIUlal~matill" will liko
L. Greeley 0 11 April 20, ::870. , Other :UJd similn!" 1ccntiona n~(j ono pr<'\'iotlsly built OIl Iho )[arj ~1 gmwld. ,,' It It
foUv ...·cd. but. pt....t:(:!r d:6S'lnh"S could not po..~ibly be mado Ph-a th.otlsand ciolla['.o:l W'l'-rc .!Ipeol ill devl'luping tht' min e
((.I P:lY, ior t.wo very good ~asorur-J;' ck of gold thnt could Illld ti Xlng up the w'lgon road from th o min e 10 the mill.
be panned snd hlCk of walor. Tht:: Spanow IIa\d" LfWtt 'I'l.le att~lnpt 10 tre3t the ore hy amalgamation proved a
Cb30ce, and .\brion claims were among lhe fin.t lode failure, bowev('r, und once ~"'3.in tho h op~ of getting any
c1a.ln1Jt.lccawu. Somo vory rich s il",~r ore Wf\l:I discovered money out of tho or~ 01 Camp F1nrd distric t w·ere blasted.
on them (~om e of it going $4,000 or $5,000 to !hc Ion ) and Abent. 1,500 tous wero put through tho mill1hll.t hy t'llrdul
Ctcy were l'lOcn ~ Id to ~ n English syndicate. The oro e4~'pliIlg had nvemg:ed about $tS J>C'f ton. A :':~ {lya or the
proved t.,l be vcr}' "po<,' ket y. " and aft er: build in .... n. mill tallings showed an e xtraction of abont 80 pe-r cent but
treading about , 700,000 and t'1t~ring only about $100,000: t.he c1l>:lD-up , iD!ol-tr·:.ld of Itmowlting h) i.Lout ~21,OOO,
11':.0 compauy 5 u ~pe Dded operatious. provcd to be 100 than $Jj,OOO. Cynwde of p~t.a......~illm had
Soon a't~ r tho Sparrow Hawk d i.'icovery R rich strike w,., bccu .llscd ror dC<lning tho qU1C'ksil \'or, and ~ub..'lequent.
cxpeullumts pronod that th ~ gold had been diflOOlvcd nnd
JUd~ in the Carri e St.eele. It i3 sil-id that irom thi'i pocket
.. Ie..: moo took out about $83,000 in throo months. Oth(lf carried off by the cyanide .
"-met followed, I\ud in 1872 and 1873 the hills W£lrtl E'war1D- A bout thUt time the ll uCCE-.'<iIful treatm(>ut of gold orcs
i.o;with prOl:lpcctorn. Tho toWTI of Le\\-lston "'n~ built on by t.he cyauide prOCl~ bet1Une gene-mlly know n, Dt\d
tlle present., ~it~ of Mere ur <,¥ nd ,,',l." wo n a full.fledged mln- .. • .... a carload of ore Wll.d shipped 1.0 DCD\'or for a.
ingclUUp....... But no t\Leady producing miued wera pmc tirol t e:~f,. An cxt.r.1Ctlon of about ~O p('r cent was
Mundj th~ o:.;cite mout be~an to nie away. nnn Lewiston, obt.... ined hy thilf tCiit, &.nd in 'he t1tInllll('r of IS!)O t.he mill
whicbhnd grown tou to'll.'l1ofoomo l,.,)OOpooplcby 1880, had at Manning W!)8 remodeled and turned in to a eyaoidll
d'o'.int1k-d dowu to ODe house :and to o ne inhabitant, MO~:II:"i pl:mt, by which the ore WilS sliccetL'.trully (,rooted. Cupt.
Yannin;;, \~h o remai ned t.-J wcrk ou t hiB o n'n ~nd others' Smil.h , h~l\il\g aeverod bill counl'Ct ion ,,:iLh tho ~t crcur
1.S.~menfA . H ilt cst.imntcd that. during this excitement miue, turned !U.~ atten tion to tbe development of the gold
onl), about ~,OOO were taken out and th at man y times ledge in the Ma.rioTl Stoup oi cillims. B e r<! modl'lC'd QutI
tb::.t. aJDOOn.t Vial ~xpended. Machinery. SUP1)lie.'t, and added to the :Iowalgamating mill previou~ly built, QUU by
labor welD IIII'tO .high that it. req u ired $(iO ore to pay, June, 1 89~, started lip the aecood <:ynnide pln.nt i.n ~fercu r.
On Apri.l30, 1871), . German named Af'ie Pinedo locnLed Tbe successful t. re~trnent of t.be gold ores
tbe )(en.:llf lode, belio"i ng he ll ad dll3co\'eroo a v a.lua.ble
vein of ciJln~bar aod nllming the claim uiLer the Germ~m being IlSsUl'ed, prospectors nguin sWll.rmed in.
word for ~1<.'rcury-:derclJ.r. Some ciunabar W!l.B fOlWd, Artbur Murphy and C. L. Prehlo 10C.Il kd t·wo
but JKlt in p:1yitlg qUlwtitiM, Uolld Pinedo .!loon ll.baudoned claims 0 11 t.he old site of Lowiston, staked t.hom
!hcdai'ru.nnd left the country. Other pro:.ped.onl drifted out int.o town lots, and Sll'" II new town (Moreur)
In, ad 800ut 1883 the gold ledge W:ui ditleo\,cfEd. Tbe
grow to be flbout t.ho snn~o size I1S Lewistown
b....! rcturn ~ s howed tuo yellow metal La be prO:Jl'nt iu
~illlgquantit.i~, but. ~rtcf numerous ~ttempUl a.t. pauning
in its palmy dilys-llbout 1,.500 inhubit.... ut.s.
'nth. never a color, th e pr~pt..-'Ct<In! gave it up. J3y 1897 1fercur bud become" regularl.v olgo.n-
~n ~Ia!'cb, 1889, Capt. J o::;eph S mith * • ~ put up u. ized municipulity, with n wll.tor system Ilnd
~ ou the !darion ground i Ol' the purpose of working the fire doportment. In 1900 t.be populll.tion
w\'('f ore "d .- " .
~ Of C L.U.U.mg d ump. * * ....\flor spt.~cdLDg .
reached 2,351, but dwindled in t.ho Dext demde
, u{) or $10,000 wlth no substantial r~'iJHlt, Capt. Smith
to 1,0<17 inhabitunts, nnd in J 913 wus "Imost
Was forced. to aband on the idl'a. 01 :nn-ki ng tuc Biher ores
par n o remembered the storie'S of cicn'.1.bar tnd gold entiroly "I)!tndon,," 011 the d o.<ing of oporntions
\x>lDg found in. tlie )(c.rcur ore, sampled the vein in th e by tho Consolidn.t.od Mereur Mines Co.
of .:rof 1889fan cI ,,"Ot good return" In
~umml' . cold. .A II tho ught The follo,,~ng t"hle shows the metol output
IIllDJItg for tilver or cinnal-har \i'auish(..>(I. and during the from t·he Comp Floyd district from tho h~gin­

t'm meI I, R. c., EOI;. lIud :\lIn . J oue.,

IG
Apr. Z~. 1~"'17. ning of opemt.ions t.o t.ho close of 1913 :

384
1(etlll.x prodt.v~d in Camp FlIJyd diJrlrid I by periods,a
"
Period.
]871-1881 b...•..•....•. _, •• . ...• • .•..•..
1890-1000.. . ... . .............. . ... . . . .
1001-1917 .........•... _, .- ............
<IFr(!(D 1!Yl3 to;) I'J07 :\.JJ8 nM'k1 n{ quk1r.sOV(>t were productd from tao S3Cro~HtO mhle..
LSPUrT, J. R., '&OOmnic ~lllil Y. oIln. MereuI' minlu~ illsmct., UUlh: U. S. lil"ol. Sunny SJxI.e(!n\.h A "n. Rcpt., pt . 2, p. 3.:-1, IS~J.
G A ,~mxo nIICO\-try, $4.10 pert on.
4.h'OflgO flICO \,!fl' , .... N. per 1.o1l.
F,um 1890 to the clos() of 1917 there were
produced in the Cnmp Floyd district by the
J\Iercur, Dcln,mllr, Geyser-~.Jl1rioll l Sn.crnmcllto,
Sunshine, OverllLnd, Dnisy, nnd LII. Cigule
propertics 5,58:1,51:3 tons of oro valued at
$19,034,984. All had milli, nnd nil except
the Lil Cigu-Ie wero successful ill ext.meting fuir
vnlues from the orcs. The first five properties
pnj!! $:3,881,323 in dividends to stockholdcrs-
t.he total amount pair! during the greutes!'
!>Ctivity ill tho district. Tho old )fercur Gold
Mining&MiUingCo. pnid dividends of $1,481,000
and ~hc Del.mnr lfcrcUl' ~fim>s Co. dividends
of $689,812.99 to August. 1, 1000.' Th()se two
compalli~s' hud mined up to t.Ilat time 1,045,-
136 toilS of ore ll~ n profit oC 52,181,401, 01'
about $2.09 per ton. From August 1, 1900, to
1913, inclusive, the. Consolid,\tcd MOI'Cul' Mines
Co. produced gol.l ill precipitatos ultd hullion
valued Ilt 810,549,377, rocovered from 3,291,-
485 tOilS of oro (including some tailings), 01'
.m ''''crago ruc-overy vllluo of $:l.20 per ton of
material treatrAlnt,~ total cost' oC82.82 per l.on.
Dividends p&id aggregltted 81,374,.500 to July
31, 1913. Tho 1fercur & llrickYllrd-Golden
Gute (DellLmlLr) property yielded 4,3:36,621
tOIls of ore, from which 516,419,541 was l'e-
covered, an average oC *3.78 per tOIl. Divi-
dends puid during the liCe oC the combined
properties amowlted to 83,445,312.
After tho first test wus made on Marion nnd
Mereur gold 01'0 by amu.lgnmat,ion at the Murioll
mill in Lewiston Canyon, th() mill erected at
}fllIlning iu Fnirficld Cnnyon Cor the tmatment
of t.ho ore in 1890 WI\S silnilllrly equipped, using
pun nmnlgumntion.
, I ~M\:l;oI.k1:lIf'(] l(e.n"ur G(Jl.:1lUnesC.o,,, . rulll:],1 f'('t:"rt felr the yrarrcd.
Ln!: Juna 30, 1001.
IdHb, p. 13.
1
I TJ09o':t.ld, L. 0., IIond Ifsgl1tr(', ll ., C>·au.ida.llo.n 10 tho :\(ucurdbtrict
of Ut·:lh: PamphH pllhUSM(1 b)" Snll t.Rh )(in. RoY., p. ~ 1913,
• LA.lttN from G. 1:'. ['(lylon to V. C. R oUc", dat~td ~o"NlJlb(r Z3 1914
Ur. Peyton wns 1Iwo lh'hlF:' I"Iot RtI.(l'kt'rby, Cat.
:q
om; DEPOSIT, OF UTAH.
Gold. SHYer.
O,e Tobl
\8hort. I grot;..'1 vruue
tODS}. Fine Fine recc"ered.
Value. Value.
ounces. O110ceB.
. - ... ..... .. - . . . - . . . . . 46,000 ,=%,930
.. i: 929; 003' .S82, 790. 00 S7, 912, U7:3
11, 122, . ... 2: 760' j' ... i: 576'
$55,9:36
C7, 912,973
3.6li3,U90 538,052. P-7 5:H) dIl, 124, 115
5,583,983 920,842. ,87 19,0.35,512 I ;8,760 I
I
57 •.,,12 1~,OO3,O'll
. In I> persolll~l communication • G. S. Peyton;
discoverer of the proc~s" tlm~ made MereuI'
famolls, gives tho e'll'ly histol'y of the MercUT
mill fiS follows:
Tho ).fercur miU was built under the advice and auper-
vision of Jcseph Smith, superintendent, at Manning in the
years ]890-91 by the ~ler(,' ur Gold Mining Co., or.:;aniz.ed
in )1::.)" 1890. * .. 1(0 The a.mount of gold firat !:i;wed
by this proc~ oi nmj,lgn.m.u.tioD was $3,000, representing
about ]5 per cent of the \'slue oi the ore. Tn July, 1891,
a car oi the $17 ore was allipped to Denver ior trial bytlle
cyanido proces~, whkh. sUC:ce&ifully extracted 02 per (ent
of the "alu~. 1'h13 amnlg2.mation equipment and con-
centrators wera then uiSC'..arded, :!.lld the cyanide pbnt
completed and st:lrted iu February, 1892, on om Ilvercging
$12 per ton in gold, of whi c h SO per cent v;-rut sowed.
As e':pericnce WfiS gained in Lhe hltndling of
the orcs by t.he lle\V ey{midc process the mill
wus ellln.rged. * • • In 1896 th.e mill WlIS
trcl>t.ing 22,; tons of ore dn.ily, 01' altogelhCl'
~J14S0 tons for the year, llve raging in vuluc
"bout SI2 pCI' t.OIl \1.1 gold, of which IIbout 80
per c.ent Wil...<; !=1ft.vod. 1'hc uvel'ugo cos t of min-
ingand milling WitS about 82.80 pCI' ton. The
total amount paid in dkidends up t<l .January
1, 1897, wus 8600,000.
During 1897 imd 1898 the Golden Gate mill
wus built "t Mel'e-ur, aud ill 1900 the Delllffi31~
Mereur Mines Co. I>nd the Merew' Gold Mining
& Milling Co. wcrc combined and thereafter
cl>llcd the Consolidl>ted Me.-{:ur Mines Co. All
of t.he ore from t.he ~[ er{:lIr and Delamar mines
WI>S aCterward t.roo.ted ill tho Golden G.te mill,
the Manning mill b ein" used intermittently by
thecolllpany {.ud lesse;s for the re-~reatl1lent of
tailings. The originnl {:ap!>City of the Gold:n
Gate mill W08 500 tons but bv 1900 it was 111-
creased to 1,000 tons oC ore d';;ly.'
A 8umm.\I'Y of the pl'oduct-ioll and costs of
operation, i" gi veil in t.he rollo\\~ng table:
~ For 110 full dt'~rlpt~1l of tho criftinol pllllnt on tho r>cfllloma.r ~
see- Dil\'C"tor nL\(lnt RfPt., upan produtl'tiol\ of p redoWi I!lllla1.1 lor-'
• .
pp. lSl-I~7, IO~.
 SU'mm4'11" qfcla..(fimorc. and laili~ trco.t«l at u.c C07MQlidar~d .Vucu'" Mina Co. '. mitt, ' ~'(J l lo J9J.? U,.OIU ('"(.)ml.r~"y rl!lHHU) •

..... da..etion.
_..
Dividcnd~.

~ ~ Gross prod uc- Other Tons

TOIlB bo..'16 oxidized Average
Re- ~ailings Value Mining ~filling Total Profit
P<:r
c~nt
0;" Tot.'lltol18. daily
tion. incomo. are.
tonnage. covery. lo.ss. per ton. cost. c:()I3.t. cost. per ton. Pcr extra
i or\3 .
Amount. cent of
gross.
ti.)n.

f-
t~ 1
--
· $1,~93,903.80
.
'•........... .......... · ...... ' " 288,295 875 ~. 19 ~O . 95 ~.H
I
..
. .. . . . . " .... . ~3.1R
-
~2.01 ~23fj,OOO
. - - --'-
}.').73 52 8
I l , -457, O(H. ·17 $1,712.50 .......... · . ... ..... 321,626 895 4.63 L 19 5.72 ~1. ~I ~2.ro 3.50 I. 03 -160, 000 31. DI 7!l 2
I J,321, 009. 63 9,277. 60 .... . .. ... .... ...... 3S5,.l6:J 931 3.8-1 1.21 5.0~ 1.30 1.1>8 2.88 .96 330,000 21. 98 ;6. o
I 61S,516.~8 8, ~32 .6R ........ _. . . . ....... 226,701 630 2.86 1.03 3.89 1.10 I. 60 3. 00 .M .. ............... . 7:3- 5
I H2,291.76 12,385. 15 70,703 165,32"3 2'1~, 026 6i1 2.07 .98 3. 05 I. !;1 1.12 2. 63 . ;j-I 2;;, O(~) :1.37 ib. 3
I 870, 887. 14' 9, ·J91. 77 126, 5:l8 176, 2G8 :502,806 830 2.80 .956 S. 76 IAI I. 0', 2.~S 3" 100, 000 I !. 48 i·l. 5
I 612,8-13. 90
· H, ·Hf). 10 !lO,069 135, 100 245,IG9 672 2.G2 .08 3.60 I. ·Hi I. 18 2. 6:! . 01 7. 7S
W,OOO 72 . 8

. . .. ..p
6-14, 3a3. fll 87,492
I
1
· 761,235. GG
15,587.2~
J3, 182. 10 107,607
138,7:n
17~,262
226,229
~2,:!69
G25
773
2.85
2. 70
.92
.68
3. 77
3.(;8
I. w
1 . ~3
1. 2(;
!. 09
2.91
2.62
.00 .......... . .. ' ....
. OS ·· ·· ····,·· ·1·······
75. 6
7~ . 1
I · 613, I1S. 92 12,741. 12 99,4017 J:l2, 190 231,631 63-~ 2.65 .9'1 3.59 1. ~s 1. 15 2.G3 .02 ......... ... . .. .. . 73. 8
I 650,G95.70 7,933.49 7l::, .1]97 131,622 c2~, 190
I
· d ~~'1, 133. 65 3,970. 9B 6i, 816 JJ9, 776 <201, Gl,;2
659
~
2.32
2.4'
.88
.82
3. 20
3.27
1. 20
1.32
1. 04
I. JO
2. 33
2.42
.01
.03 SO, OOO 6. 0J
U. 3
H. §
I I ;;
- ,...'"
flO, 240, 175. 021109, 162. 64 ....... ... · ......... ~,H~, 7~7 731 3. 26 1 .99 4.21>.') 11.~31/1.33 2. 82~ 1,235,000 J 2. .~J iG. 1

M.c~,.i.II........
'"
1009 1910 1911 J9J2 J909 19!O 1911 l!l12 "C'""
Oxide ore treated ..... ... ...... tons.. . 175, 2G2 190
1 :~2, 13J,622 J W, 776 OrE." and t.:lil:-I leac hed . ...... per <;Cllt • • . . . .. .. ... . ........ . iG.-I 75.5
B~ ore treated ................ do.. •. 107, 607 99,447 7S,S97 67,816 Oxidized classified.. . . . . . .. . .. do ... . &1. i 00.9 SiJ.O 79. 4
SlUuc pln.nt: Base cl~fi~d ....... . . ........ do .... .0 ~ 1. n 00.2 9·1. H
~:lnd ...................... do.... :H, -17'0 82,763 12S, 031 110,020 Total orc c1llMifiod •...... ...... clo .. . . 21. B 52. 7 S·'.6 S.5.0
Oxidh'.-cd .... • ......... do. .. . 34, ·fj'O 51,5;i:2' 74, 600 Gl,SM Ore and t3ih ('ISe1ifi~~d ......... do .. . . . ......... . . ......
, . i7. 1 79.0
D............. .. . ......
Slimc ....... ... .. . ... .. . ... do.. . .
dO····I··········
27.523
31,231
39,362
1;3,131
56,482
48,1 72
49, :J77
Oxidized filtered . ............. du ....
Bose tilwred ..... .. .. ..... . ... do .. ..
Ii). 7
.0
2J.9
]0.:;
20.:5
22. (;
27.7
23.8
Oxidiz(.'d .......... . .. do.... Z"i, 52:~ 28,953 38, G21 33,243 Tot:llorem(.cred ....... .. . . .... dn ... n.B l.7.0 2G.S 20.3
Bo..o1.o ... . . . .•...••.••..• oo ......... ... . . 10, ·109 17,861 IG,I301 Ore and tails filtered ... _. . . .. . do. _.. . . . . .. . . . . .. ..... - . . 2:1 . 6 24.5
Oxicli .....ed Je:lched _.. .. ..•... per tent .. J 84. 3 78.1 '10. 7 72.3 In sand tuil::! ......•.... C,I:Dll'l j)QT ton . . 72 .rq ~ .. .. .. ....
D_ I.""hed ........... ... . . ... do... . 100. 0 8fl . •"J 77.-1 7G.2 In I!.limc t~ils ........... .... . . . do .... [,1 83 "lOO . .. ~......
Totul arc leached .......... " ... do. . . .
I, tlO.2' 33.0 73.2 n. 7
"e:."tl.Dlclutiooln u..o MWt'ur d ~~:ict, liL<U:I, pamphlet pubIL<thr.4 by Salt Lako .\lin. Rov., 1913. tI COI'T'eCli'd n"ourlJ:ll ft(J1Il conrptmy r"pcrt..
II For 11 JaQlllbs. • 1oc1uda H .IIOO Wll.:III( W lLnp.
, lnc:lll.dd 2S,GT1 tM.." 01' WllDcJ. I Y'Jt 11 )"fIIt1

".""00
 ..
OI!E DEPOSITS OF UT,\lf.

Tho ehurucLPr of tlw oxidized ant! hase OI'<'S Tho llllrion was tho first mill to be built in
or tho Golden Gnt" chlims in Cnmp Floyd dis- tho ll('roul' area. It was part of tho old Spllr-
trict >1ro discussed by D. C.•Jnclding,' who snys: row Hawk works erected for the tIwtt.ment of
Locally, the ore, are cla.--~jfied into tbree varietie.3, ac-
silver ores in 1872-73, operated again on silver
cording to their modo oi o'catment: Ol"('S in 1880, and Ilgain, for the lu.st timo, in
Firet., "oxidized oroo," conMing of a mixture in which ~Illrch, 1889, wben It treated 12 tons of oro
the calcareous and siliccO'!ls varieties predominate und in duily by pun 'amtllgamation with poor sUoC{'ss.
which. t.he proportion of cla.y and talc is immilident to In 1893 it was ehllnged to a cyanido plant, the
interfero with percolation.
1'his cJa..o::.s of ore conwrns only an insignificant ql1 l.ntlty
seeond in tho district, and was equipped for a
of cornp~lUndH of base elemcnt~, showing only v€ry m mll capacity of "bout 50 tons of ore duily.
fmclionai percent-ages of mercury, as einnahaT and 3tsCnic In 1893 tho Camp Floyd district producc.d
oxidhed compollnda. betweon 14,000 and 1.5,000 ounc!'s of gold from
Second, "talcr oreg," which arC' aim(l:,1, ent.irely c1a.y and
tho lIorcur and ],[aJ~on minos. The scarcity 0:
talc, and soit, uC{'ornpo.":cd porphyry. Th(~c or~!i. Ii ke ! he
class above, are a.lmoot free rrom hll.o!! e clement. cOlupounds wa tel' wus a decided obstacle to milling in
but imp0i'sible (If I*rcolatlon, for thl} r C':1.SOD that on con- Lowiston Canyon until a pipe line was run from
tact ,,,,'ith water they ditiintngrat G I1nd ."1 ~tll e to ;lU almost Ophir district in 1893. Ore from tho Million
imperviolls maS3. was erushed to a size that would pnss t11rOll"h o
Third, "btulCOfe8, n COl]ms!.ing o( n mixture of t.ho above
11 l-indl mesh screen. Tho n,""crugo eost of
c1n&'Ies, with tbe C"".J.lcareoll!:l :~Ild taleooc varieti es pre<lom-
irHltjng, and containi ng largo qlHlIIt-ilics of ba.w-rnetal mining nnd milling was said to bo nbout ,32 prr
sulphid C:9 . Arneni c is thl2 chief of Uletse, occuning as ton.
realgar, orpiroent., and ruhlpickel, in quuntitiffi sometimes The next "ummel' (1891) tho Geyser Co.,
llli h~h (L8 50 p(1r cent., but n-v entgiug not to exceed 2 pel'
whose cltlim adjoins the l.ftlrion, commenced
cent, Itelllgtn is by fn,r the roos t plentiful of the arsenic-
bC'u.ring nUnem.I~ , fully three·foliTthd of tbe aruenic appc<'l.r-
work on u· e.yanide plant with n Ctlpllcityof
ing in Om way. Antimony iB pr€~ent as stibnite. Oe- ahout 100 tons of ore daily, but finished it too
c::w.ional ~mn.n quantities of galeua occur. late in tho yem- to permit much production.
Con.~idemble qUfl.ntiti~ of iron pyrites nrc frequently The ore took 90 homs to leach, IlS it was not
encGuntered in minuto crystals. )'lercllry is invaria.bly
put through screens but was simply erushod in ~
present but in less quantitiE"3 tban in t.he oxidized ores.
V:1.riOU9 hydrollS sulphate.s of iron are prC3ent, as well as Gates gyrntory crusher. The amount of cy-
oxidi7Ation products of arsenic, both simple and in com- anide consumed was about three-eighths or a
binat.ion with lime finu magnesia. Some of the l'"..uer potUld per ton of oro treated, and the cost of
elemen1~'i, moot nota-bly t.ellurium, are also pre!!ent., in
mining and milling was said to be ahout S1.60
b'fiC('."I only. The days of this cIuss of ore fire inviUiably
dark groy or black in color, due to a coruddcrnble quantity per ton.
of earbon, frequently as much as 4 pcr cent, and in these In 1897 the Geyser-1farioll interests wero
nrc sometime.!! found organic c.ompounds which decompose combined, nnd the Murion equipment "dded
pot.,,,":llium cyanide vet-y rapidly. Silver is very sparingly to the Geyser mill. The yield ill gold from
diRtributed in all clusses of are, rarely exceeding 1 .ounce this property was reported to be $120,000 in
of silver to 10 Ollllces.of golu. No metallic gold is visihle
1899. The property was lost operated under
in :lny of the orcs until after they havc been roasted, when
occasiona..l minute, irregular particIoo may be disc.'Overed its old nltme in 1900. It was sold at sheriff's
under tho microscope. All the clean, base minerals arc sllle shortly olter and worked with little sue-
invariably poorer iu gold than the gangue with which they ~ss by a new compuny until put into tho
aro (L.'\SOCiate:d. 'rhe clear cryst.nJEl of realg::>.f Bnd. orpiment hIl.llds of !1 lessee, who bm'ely succeeded in
carry none at n.1l, or ouly traces, .showing that the increased making the property pay expenses. The divi-
value~ of t.he rnlSB
orc are Ilot directly due to these hase-
dend record shows nenrly S100,000 w.s p,ud to
metal minemls. The gold in whatever ore fOlmd diMoh'e3
very rapidly and completely in solutions of pota~.hun stockholders, and it is estimnted thut close to
cyanide, indicating that it is "Very finely divid~d in what- S500,000 in gold was recovered between 189:l
evor condition it OCCtllJi, aud thCl'le various fact:; havc led and 1913.
me to the conclusion that the gold in thE"ciC ores is pre.ient A fomth cyanide plant was built on the
in 0. fiuely divided amorphous metallic state, having the Sacramento property in 1895. Succ<)ss was
black or brown color clm,mcterit1tic of the meta.l ?'hen in
this condition, nnd consequently being unrecogni zable-
pOol' at first, owinO' to the buseness of the ores,
under the nucroacope in its nnturnlly occurring -smte. nnd thereafter o~y oxidized mstori,,1 w"s
hundled. Roasting furnaces were added to "n
I Dt 1\.'{ 'Ior of M.int H('.)lt. on produc!1ou of p~cjOl\~ JUt!.;ll" ror 1~~1 I'P
181-182,1!QI. ' -",. enlarged mill in 1901 and slime tanks the rol-
 OQL'tn r. H r:ANGE.
387
lowing yenl'. The ore tl·cnl"'.!. at. the mill i uhont 82.:30. 'I. t<m at tho hlSt, yielding ~ll unt
rcrn<7rd $4.60 III gold )J<" ton In the hcgm- 40 cellts ot Its gold, wluch rem'llncd 111 th e
mu~
". " ;nd US low as 83 per ton at t.he end of tuilings. The mill was closed for "It erations
'fl f" I ' d
ope r~~'II'ons in , 1907. _ ane In 1899 un wus started """ill
10 costs 0 nlllllllg o in " 1901
} hn vin <7
, eo
milling nrc smd ~o hnve b~en about $1..)0 PCI' be~n enlurged to trent 500 tons ?f. ore dUlly.
1 and the loss In the tailings avemgcd about. It IS reported tha t the cost of mmlllg wus 85
S~n;x.r ton. 'fhe tot?1 vnllle uf t~1C
gokl 1'0- cents und milling 25 cents POI' tsn. Tlro lust

~308,OOO
vrrcd dwing the life of the nune IS CStl- work on the proporty wus done under a re-
ro ted at 81,500,000 and WtlS pu.id eeil'cl' in 1904-5. No dividends W{Jro ever
~:" diridc.nds . In addition, t.!Je S~cl'lImcnto
reported, ,:ltho~gh
tho property lwd R. record
.,inc wns for so \'e",,1 .venl'S the most Imponnnt of producmg ~219,646 In gold from nbout
producer of mercury ill U tllh. 15G,OQO t{)lIS of oro.
6UNSH!NE.
WEST DlP.
A few yenl'S ,If tel' tho (iI'St gold disco\'cries
were mndo in the C,Ull p Floyd district the Wrst Dip is 4~ miles northwrst of Mr.I'Cur
Suushine and Overlan d mills . were built. ,It IlIHI Wos so nnmed from t.be fnct t.hnt the I'odes
SHlIsbine, 4 mile.,; south of ~lercw', to tren t gold ut that point dip about. 45° W., ill "ontrast with
orrs similar to thoso of Uercur. The Sunshine the ellst dip in the MercUl' cump, on the oppo-
uropcrty wUs tho first to be equipped with a site sille of the ont iclinc.
~y.mide mill, which opemted from Decem!Jer, Uining begnn in 1897, and in July, 1898, tho
1895 until October, 1896, mlllmg about 9,000 Daisy mill, with a cRpncit.y of 112 t(lIlS a
tOllS 'of $3 to 84 gold ore ,md obtnu.ling about day,'wns erected. It is said to have produced
$7,000 ill gold at the expenditure of severnl 875,000 in gold precipitates up to the end of
time> usmuch. In 1898-99,fl.CCordiug to Charles 1899. In July, 1900, the Daisy mi.JIO and mill
B:Jtters,' another unsuccessful effort wus made went into the hands of a receiver. The Daisy
to treat the ore. In 1902 the mill W.IS again property' is opened by an inclino shoft to the
stolrt.cd but was closed at the end of the year 700-foot level and had ore nssaying from 84
efter producing about 870,000 in gold bullio!l. 1.0 88 per ton. Tho total costs of mining and
In 1908 the mill was overhauled by the Boston milling amounted to 83 per ton. Equipped
SUllShine Gold Mining Co., wh.ich treated 125 about 1910 with modern machinery cOllSisting
to 150 tollS of ore daily, beginning in May, of elru;sifiers, mixers, and /ilter presses, the mill
1909. By July, 1910, the ore supply of the wn~ the first to make" sucC<'s. of t.he Wo:st. Dip
Sunshine mine was exhausted after slightly orcs. It wr.s cOllipletely destroyed by ftre in
1917.
ol'er 50,000 tons had been treated with an
average recovery of 52.81, or a total of 5141,532, In December, 1898, n mill wus stmted on the
La Ci"lllc property, wh.ich is developed by
extracted at n m.illing cost, it is reported,' of
severnoI shafts, the deepest ill • 1897 be'mg 4'0 _
8S cer.ts per ton, with only 20 to 40 cen ts loft
leet sunk on an incline of 45°. The ore is diffi-
ill the taili.ng8. Dividends from these lust
cult to treat, and at the end of 1899 work
operations ag.,OTegnted 827,261. In nil the
W,; 8 nbnlldoned. No other nttempts hU\T" been
SUIJ9hine mine is believed to h.IVe yielded
about S22 1,OOO ill gold. reported.
The Overland Co. erected the second mill TOPOORAPHY,
in the ramp, starting opemtions in November, By B. S. BUTLER.
189S, on ore from its property. It \Vas th e
Jlrst mill in the dist·rict to use electric,,1 power. The topogl'nphy of the dist.rict is less rugged
~velopment Ul the upper levels of t he mine thnn that of the Ophir district to the north but.
11'08 by an incline shltft filld in the lower by a i.~ otherwiso similnr. The main ennYOllS from
VQrticnlshnft that cut the ore bed ut 1,600 feet Lewiston Peak cro.."S the dist.rict toward the
on the dip. The first ores treated rnnged from southwest tha direction becoming more south.
S6
--
to $8 P CI' ton in o "old, but .
decrellsed to e.rly town'rd the southern extremity of the
: p~ ~llilIOlltoQ.
runge. The area is .thus ~omposed of n sel'le~
La. ~:.ItJon in the l{\~rl!lU" district of lihl, p::unphlcl publL-;hed by
of sout,hwest - trendlllg ndges sopornted b)
Js.{l lAlce lOn . RI!\" .. 1913. canyons.
p

ORB n;:POSITS OT' UTAH.

388
Gnfll n bl ~ limellton(;.-Next clbove t.he LoweT Iht-9n.;l.
GEOLOGY.
lated ~riCij come-:t lhe (ormation which occupies the moot. oi
Til!) geology of the ~!ercur district hilS been the llercur lJi\,iin. 'I'hiB is a. compa.m tively uniform, ma,a..
drscribed by J. E. Spurr,' from whose report. sive limestone, oi 1\ dark gray-hl ue colo r, neu-1r like
t.bat.of the Lower limtmone. It hre<\b with;\ rough, COTI_
the present Ilccount is Illrgely t.nken, though the choiurd il-']'cture; on weatheri ng it becomc8 pulv8ntlellt,
writer spent several days in t.he district in tbe greenish or ph,ki.:h, or nearly white. From its color one
B\lmmer of 1912. ;night Stlpp:>'le tha t it is impure, but ~\U ::t.n;J.ly:ri~ of::. typica.l
~pecimell &hOW8 tbllt in reality it is veri pure, co nt ~inlng
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
only :~8m:Lll llW.OUlJt of it180lubic IIl1l.ttcr. I t is a.n entirely
The sedimentary rockH arc mllillly limestono e::km'colTslimestonc, b~ilJg quito free from ml1J:,"'1lesia ; tho
is due to (.he preMtnce or ~ small :U.QOUlit oi org.\nic
with ~ome sundy nnd shul.\' beds, nil being of color
materiaL Usually tbe outcrop i:i very iresh, tho changed
Carboniferous age. SplUT hus separated them matcri;lI heiHg carri ed :.L''':.L~' ;1.3 bst as produ(.'(..l(I, bUL in
into the "Lower Bluo limestone," " Lower In- many plaCe:! the nltcraLion procluct.::l have accumulated,
terealnted series," " Groat muo limestone," s:) tUM the rock is more or lc~ nltered to a depth of m2.ll}'
contnining two shulc mombol'S, Ilnd "Uppcr feet·. A not.'l.ble instance is t:ecn iu the cut (or the r.".ilID.1d,
Intorcalat.cd serios," which he describe" as fol- just. 8Onthea.rrt. of t} 19 SUllri!te shaft, whcro the roc k ha..<1 been
:.lltered to a lisht-grny powue r ior ~ (1epth of 20 fuct or more,
lows:' apparently by surface ~en c i es :lione.
Lou:r.r BZu.f, !imC,1'IOll(!.- Thc lowcst,hori:lJJn * * .; is T he upper Unlit oi thi.s rock , which may be caBed tho
a d:lrk bluo, at tirn cfI sewicr),R31l ill e lirncstollc, cr..rrying Gre-d.t Blue lime::ltooe, is notdksLinct, for it p~ gradually
lowcr C:l.rhoniicrous foerrils. It (orms n. type wbich !a oreli· into the e('rioo Bext h.igh~r up. Its t.hickoe5.i, therefore,
nf'.rily distinct from the other Timertones of the t.listrict by may be V:uiOU9iy ~t.imatod, t\Ccord.bg u.s the upper
r~ll8()n of it3 somewhnt darker color, a.~ well 08 of (.he gmu- boundary i8 defined; the me.xim\ml, however, is about
ubr n.p~a.''Uoco which it derives from the (IOan!er grain 5,000 icet.
a.nd t.he typiCllly aem.icrystalline cond ition. It iii ollly in Shalt; br.ds.-Thel'C are cerroin "';arh),.tioDS iu the nature
umi8ton Canyon that this lowl'3t horizon i.E; expoaed within of the g€!:J.crolJy uniform BCdimenta which have enough
tho district. .. * * Going d own the canyon from )"fer· character and persistence to be noticed. }locrt m:lJ'ked
cur, it. is met s.t about t.hree-quarters oi a mile (rom the among these geologically, nod mO::lt important economi-
town, oiling up ill th e bed of the cu.nyon 'l'tith gentle l~orth- cally, are the belts of black carbonaceous and calcare:ms
easterly dip. It continues to form the bed. of the canyon shale. These ere two in number, one situated near the
till \'ery near the point. where the canyuu opens out upon bottom p..nd the other near the top of the Great mue lime-
tho plnin. At this point the sUeht southwestern dip h~ Btone. Tho upper oue ia the 1arger a.nd the more persistent
brought it down again, a.nd it d.i!Ilppcars below tb~ over· in regard to it~chflrnc t e r8. It liCSRbout 1,000 feet from the
lying bed8; In the m.irldle of the expos\lre, di.rec!.ly iT. the top of tho G~t Blue lim.estono, if tb e latter is c.on~ideNd
anticlinal arch, R thiclrnCSfl of u.oout 200 feet of this lime- in itt! maximum tbic kllCttJ, as e!!tiruatcd abovo; but if it is
stoue itt shown in tho walla of the canyon. The bottom, conaide-roc:l in its xrJOllnum thickneu, then the sha!e
&owevcr, is not seen, aud 90 no statement iu regard. to the itself may be h eld to incl.icate ita upward terlOiuation.
totr..l thickn e~ of the hori7:on can he madf.'. A typical The sb~Je li~ in 1\ strike valley "hich evidently OWe! its
locnlity of t.his rock is n.1 the mouth of Qm'.rtzite Gulch; this existence to tho Ulore ready erotdon of the shale beW. as
itt aJ.Eo one of t.he best loculit.ice lor fO&..<IU s. Sperimells ("01- compared wit.b t hOt:!e of the hlVder limeatones. The thick-
lcrt.e<i Ilt th1Jpoint have been found hyMr. C. B. Sc:lluchert nc..<t8 of tbe belt is t!ome.....-bo.t more thaO 100 feet. These
to be of lower C:l.rboniI~rous age. shales cun not. be coosidered utypical detriL'\l e.ediments;
Lou;tr Inb:rO'llllted .ur\u.-Dirc<'tly ahove the lower lime-- they ru-o simply ph~ of the limestone. 10 place~ eElpe·
stolle cumes I\. &1rlea of o.lten.mting tbin htoOS of limeslolle eiany where they hll\'e been u.cted 00 by running water,
IUld (.'alc....rcoua Ktndatolle, ....ith roek~ reprt!..<;Qnting V:1.lioll!l they are ~oit 3ud bave no great cobesion ; in other placM
st.'lgC8 l)Ot\\'oen tIle IWlinly siliceoua and tho purely calm. on the same horizon tho rock is l!O h lu d and COl1l~liml tl:O
rcoU8sedimcuts.. ThiIJ soriClt ia nbout 600 foot thick:. Tbe much lime that it d~crve!j ra.ther the na.me of n. !!/hnly lime·
t hickest. bed of snndstQno, which htU5 a. t.h.ic\rneE!8 of ,lOout stone, jf cOD~idcrod wii.bou\ r efere nco to the oth er locali-
100 foet, is at the bott.om of the seriet. Prom this bed to tiel. SpeciD.1eD~ irom thi, eba.le belt. nrorl y alwaytt oHer-
tho top of the .seri~ t.hero f'.J"O b-eq uent f\lw D.i.\tiona of Mili. veace wi.th acid . Th e carbo oaceou:t m~'t t.er is \'llr,i.ng in
CeolL8 and oocun.."OWt BodimcnL:t, 80 closoJy ioUov.-1ng one amount but never very great. - ... ..
l\1\olhcfand p~nti.n G" lluch numerous tnntitionll from the The lower shale belt lie~!t.bou t 2,~OO foe>t hdow the lIppM'
oue to t.he oth~r as to show tha.t. the entire 'CriM .....l.S de- one, and about 1,000 leet abovo the bottom of the Great
pccdted nt IL compan.ti\'oly uuifonn depth. jl.l.St. 011 t.he Blue limestone. Ita ctH\r:\Cte~ are eticut.i:,Ur the t440\t}
border between detritAl dopO!\it8 and those of organic as the uuper but 3.re l~ empha.:iized; iOt', M it is not 90
ol'igiJ,. N~ly .11 UUl ~nd8Wllea AN more or lees cah."'l- . thick, i~ relation to the pure limestone on both sides is
reoWl, and the Iim~ton68 are UHllll lly silkeou9. I clrn:er. 'l'LrisMhale beltaver.l{,"€:.'1 a.bout 25 feet in thicknetc!,
but it i~ va.ri..nb lo nud often bccomce Mhnly limestone, ~
' Spurr, J. B., FA-ooomle I:(oologr Ilf ~ VllfCllr mJ.nln l dhtrict. Ut."\b
wtt.h lnlrod0C4 ~un by 8. ro. t.':mIUOI\I: U. S. Geol. SIl.n'e)' Si.J.f.ot,n l'h AJlI1~ that it i.s Dot alw~l.ytl po~ible to identify it ex.actly. The:;o
Ikpt.., pt. 2, lIP. ).13-1..\5, 1896. two l!hale bclt.:f carry IiPrillb~ which iUIn.Uh the entire
I IUOnt, PI). 37 1-3i1. water supply of the )Iercur ditltrict.
 OQU II-:RH RANGI::..
Ju.-.t :,bo,'c lhQ la rger ~hale belt ~uc usually llliu -bedded . bel onjllo tl-.e clnse or qU:u1z·porphy ri~, II I Lh('lll ~h I ht·v arc
fOP}(lw bat tlbo ly liOlC!5toues, ~'hich nre tran:ci.t.jotml b ctw~ n
the 8b31() and the rr...J....·~'$ive blu e limcstone. 1'llt~e rocks
aro dbtlogullihcd by the thin piatC'd int·) which they split
on wf!llthering. and the by bright er redd ish. and' ,greelliM
color of t he ~Iigb tly wmthel'cd tipCdmcM. There l~ 00
eruu-p boundary between {,he till,'.!)' limt~ton es n.od the
rock! o.b(}\re j'l,nd below.
Upper 17llcoClrlali!d .su"'~II.-. \b o \'C thQ u pper l'ob11e b t"h
the rockt& begin to contain arcna ~eou 8 Iny0'n!-, l!epa:rntod
b\' ,'ery Ihick bed., oi pure lim~t.oli-O. l\ t a di.slance of I
&bou'\ 1,000 feet above the top of t3e Ilha.l'e the:te l':mdatoDe
beds b€CODlO EO common :'L.S to mark the lower limi t. of \l
ll<!\\' lllhclogic:d aerie'S, the Uppcr Intercalated seri ~ .
This reprodu c~ on a larger It~a.l e the ch!lr.lct.ern of the
Lower Intercah ted seri~ , The rec k types are nearly
the !JIIle, but the inaividual bootJ :uc thicker a.nd farth er
&fdrt. l<roID the bottom of l"::te ~i es to the top of the
ridge there are probably about n. dor.cn beds of 8!Lndst(.ne:
389
very di.&iinlil.u ill appe.1rance. '. -
Engk HiU 'POfphyry.-Que of th(>!,-~ \'Iriolies i~ iOllnd in
greatest. thic~ a.nd' fcshellt condition in the " icicitv of
Elgie nilJ, OD tbo dhido whicb lICl.IA:nLes the Me~Ul'
n~in frotn. SuDtibioo ODd' the aouthcru end of the r.m ge.
T~lIJ rock In ita (rCllbettt. cond ition is D(!Atly pure white.
~ r,h :Ii gm.yiab. brownish. or: sometimes pinkish t.inge; it
18 compact a.nd fino grnined, u.ud hre<lks with n. conchoidal
(raeLuro nod fl rough texture. Small phenocrysts of qulU'tr.,
feldspar, 2.nd biotite may often be observed, tilough t.h ey
are DOVer conspicnolls; rarely the t.hin plates oi biotite
hecome neo.rly a quarLer of an inch ncf'O...'\1.
A specimen oi fresh rock shows under the microtlcopc!\
finely microcrystalline groUlldm3SS, in pla ces made up of
ve ry amall sphemlit€!s. which occasiolla ll y grade into a
micropegmaLiLic intergroW'th of quartz and feleapa.l'.
LaLb-flhaped microlitee oi f.eldlJpII are very conunoD, but
the main part of the 8rov.ndmas!l is Dot COlll'1)() enough to
l

e.acb of wbicb hs.8 a th.iCknOSd oi 100 feet or more: yet in reoder the component mineral. diJti.nguisi::. llb le. Pheno-
placet the lCdimenb 8eem to alternate even more closely cryltlare rete hut are- ireth when found. Thoy consist.
thu in, the lower Mr1etli. ~lnny of the bcdd pre!lellt for so far M obse rved, or quartz, biotite, and orthoclase feld-
coosiderable di:rltaOCCi 5\ complete ktermediate ~ t.:l.ge spar. Tb.e quart.z ie ill crytffil]s or irregular g-mins, which
between !UUdl:lh:ne l.I.:.d limt"~t one , ,lIld in pL1e(>.~ layera of ahow' cor'J'06i.on h y t.he m:1gma. previous 1.0 tho consolid~
troiuly calcareout4 scd ill:.ents alternat.e ,'er)' uniformly tion of the rock. The feldspa r bits crystal out-lines, often
,nib I:t.Yerd which :lre mainly arena.ceou::!, each layer bein:; rcundecl. hy corrosion, acd shows no decomposition. 'l'he
ooJy .a ,few inches thiclr:, a.nd thl) ~lterJJtlt.ioo being mony biot.ltc i5 dark colored and 8lTOngly pleocilroic; nloll g its
tUtre6 repoo.ted. The thic}[nesil of t.hi. Upper intercnlated cleavage erueh some ofthe iron hil880paruted out aa oxide.
K-ri(.'tl" as esti(J~at.ed from it. baae to the IUlllmlt of the Ex cept where t.h e beds aro thiCKest, the porphy ry is
rirle"C wbkh divides )fercur D»in from Pole Canyon, itt u.laUy considern bly decompol!Cd, and tho thinner the
6,000 or 6,000 rect. . 'l'hiw, h o....ever. i~ not the top of'the sheet tho more, usa r u!c, has itsllffered from co ntac t with
:Jet1C'3,. io! the rocks pl"~rve their northC3.'!terly dip for n atmospheric or otber disintf'-gra ting agencies. 0 11 WCB Lber-
coDzriderable ditltance d ov."U the oiber s.id e of the mountain in S', the rock lose. cohesion .nd becol:lCtl a compllct, very
into Pole Canyon before heginting to riNe :l.gJ.in on t!le fine grained, cb.rky mOM, "" &oft as to be """il), ur.pre"ed
otber ~ide of the ~yu clin e . . The total thi('kllE:'8, tterefore , ,nth tile finger nail, or finally & Jo:>se powdQr. The
mm:tb o l:.pward of 6,000 feet, ODd may be as much n,.<; 10,000 Wel\t.hered rocks nre usually of .a crea.m.yelJow color, bu L
(eel they :n e of Len stained in & variety of ebadcs--red , yellow,
.Age of thCi strata .- F~~ i1li wero ~ol1ect.ed from the beds green.ish gray, or lMW'ly blark .
iu the Mercur BMin at various poin.." :;'0 Rd to l·t"'prE!1;Cnt Tbe Easle Hill porpb)' 'Y ...m. to beaplit up chiefl), in to
If, well as ~ibl e the en tire ficrie.'t from the Lower Blue two principnl sheets, whi("h!\rQ well exposed all thE'! sides
Iin:flt11oue to the Upper Jntercalated series. The.!c were of Eagle Hill. Dotb are in a general way pa.mllel to th e:
~bmilt.ed tI> Mr. Charles Sbuchert, of the United Sta~ bedding of the limeswne, so tb at they are true shce ls;. in
G~lcticaJ Survey. who found them all to be of Carboni!- place!', how-over. the bound r..ry <;:u ts a.cro...~ tbe beddu1g
erol1l age. According!o hi!; report, the Lower Dlue lime· at a. considerable angle, \vbich sometimes is as mu ch na
IWOO aoo tbe Lo,ver Intercaluted ~rie3 :ll'e in the lO1\'cr 90°. * * "" 'W hen a. continuous contnt't is mapped n.nd
C1rbonilero~\fI. while th e Upper ln termlnted aerie.s i~ plotted over f\ consider.lble distance the true rel ation of
probably in tbe Co:-~l Measu r&!. T"::t(l boundary between the !imeswno to the porpbyry is very clenrly soon.
~ac two diviFions cr.D not be c1~ely d efined . It may be Since t.he hilht illround llercurare Dot co\'ered. by drift or
La Lbe middle or the upper par.. of tbe Great mne lime· Q,lluvhUll, it b compruuti"cly e:t.':'y to tl'1lCO ~ontinuou~ly
1toDo, or, more probllb ly. ~.t the top oi it. 1'he flBii::; the lioe of contact of the erupl,j\'8 with \b o tK'dimcntnry
fun & grJdu~II)' chuuging se:1.f:'o:'I, whlch begins ::IvmewhCTt" rocb. - • •
Ibo\'c Lne bQiQ 01 the IO"'er (':uboniferouti and seem!' to The uppermost o' the two prioc:p:.\l ~beeu W • • •
lquUootc i ll tho upper Cllrbol1iierous} eMt of &b"'e Hi.II OD the ridge 'fouth of }icrc ur. The top
or tbe Imvb next ~ (rom Eag-lo Hill u of Ii m(~toue.
ERC'PTlVE ROC KS. and tho porpbyry forlT~ Q bro:ad bel t on" ita l'Ii~~~ . 'l'h~!I
,h ..1 u. probably belweell goo RII~ :!OO
Spurr ' describes t.he j'meous rocks os follows: die':! out rapidly, and to tho Do.rth\\"~t the oUl~rop does
ree, '"' c ~, but It

"
In tbe ~l crc\U di~trict there are two distln ct vo.rieties of not dcscood from the hill, but 13 replaced b y hn:,-~toD~.
d~l~ ro~ted erupt.ive rocks, which forDl sheet., or swall The 8CCOnd sheet. wilich il'l e-tirnnk>ci to be str.u.lgmph.lw
dikes 1n li:lo Great Blue lime!tOl1e. Doth oj th~e rocks cnlly about 700 ieet below the. fin; (., is round in ita ~test
thicknesa nnd ,,<ith il.tJ rocks 18 the fft"'jhc'tIt condloon on
~lhOf . $rff... 0' fcss.il br!o·07-01U\.$ 1.11::1 lH\lCbiopod.<l from t he 1o""~r »h.1", tho tJPur bet"!eetl E agle Hill ,lLnd. Suprise Hill. ~ho
~~tIY rttcln d, Mr. Sch uc.hert )ilLys ~ "They nre or lhl! aGO (Bur· greatest thicku~ oxpos.ed h erG 18 prob:\~I~ ulnnlrd or .UJO
10 1i:e..N:lJk) 01 Ule MiSi:d5al.pplaD ~r!e&. "-s. F . Emmons.
P. cit., Pp. 37~j6. feet. but i t ::.eerr.s to thio "dtb greut rnpldtt,y to the north
 onE DB POSITS OF UT,\ I I.
390
all " ftlL~'-. U1d fa fOplit in to
1'(.'\ '(!f1I,! small sbeef.q , (ossil:-o tlll\t lea ..: p nO dou ht. (,f t Iwi,. ~( 'dillwn t nry
Owing . . .
10 the rtOTtb~t di p, these thin ..h eets arc well e~po;..;ell ongm.
only in lhe p l!lC of dt'cpe~L C('()3ion, in thiH CtlfC 1I~ Lbe The "'Titer did not· "pcnd s uflkicut time
10000'eflt. part ot th~ Mercur D:'~M, at 'he head of Le"""8ton
in 1-110 district to follow out the sUppooed
Canyon. Here, Olt.-ing to their "rnoll thick ne-s , tJl cy are
m~b d ecomp~cd ; t.hey am 'olso intimat ely. connected PQrpbyry horizons in detail. At severnl romts
with the. ore d epo:.n li on . The re are h ere tnn'o "mall he W03 unahle t.o rccogni7.e uny pOl'phyry
Hhc<.l.tI, iLv(·rnging a.boul 10 or l,.j feet, in thickn~. On the and b elieves tlla I. porphYI)' at t.hese horizons
other 8icle of Ihe bQtUD they seelO to unite o..ga1n, aud the does not form r.o ntinu ous shcets ex tending out
porphyry he('OfJl(i::' t(Jmpo~rily thicker thlln ill t.he b~in.
Yet it. is p:-obably 1.l 0W herl? more th~ln 100 feet t.blCk l
from t.he main masses.
and Utiuullv it joS mu ch IC'"NI. 1'he e~llne ~eJlcml tlh eet or
Birdseye p'Jrphyr!(. -Tb e a lh cr variety oi porphyry,
p\l~Jlllyry ilU~ be('n traced to 'he nortbrml bide of Lion
ce.lled by miller~ and exp lorel1l "b irdl'lcye " porphyry, i3
Bill , at 3. point ovcrlookin::;- Opllir Canyoll . exposed on t.ho (:.TU!l of t ho Mel'eur D!Uo;n map oo lr in
0,. the flollthcrn f:(i cl ~ of )·:aglc B ill the upper ~eet
the DCI'Ulwe;,t comer . H iorms part o i '.wo ccnspi l' uotl~
cccu pi<'tJ :~ ('onllid cr.lhlc ~r(>a; the lowe r ,h('ct Seem R to
c-m i ne nCC8/ which have heen c dl ed P orp hyr y Hill :md
be t\plit up iu!o two thin ~h\. ct:l, one of whid~ r~ around
Porpby ry Knob . 'th.is rock d ~ {Jot in any w~\)r re::!emble
and joins t.h c u ppe r body wh il e I.hCl oth<>r pc~itlf8 in the
the pOrpb)TY jll.Et d esc ribed . Tn its i resh ~t condit.ion
boltom oi SUIll<hiu o Gulch, I>~t the Gl eocoe and the Sun·
ikl general eclot" is g r..ly. Th e porphyrit.ic crystals !\Ie
Hhint' mines, t.iil it d ~ppeara i.D the loothills eouth of
well d evl'icped and make up al:.1.rge. parl of th e bulk of fbe
SUllshine. X(,:lrly all tbe80 ol1tcrops o.fC en the norJ1CWJt
rock . They consi.s:t of liSht.-gwy feldspa rs oj T"athcr
limb of tho nnt idine, wbew th~ rock... d ip to the Dorlhea.;t.
unifo rDlsir.e, t h e larger vary ing from:tn eighth to a 4uru-ler
'l'ho :lrchillg oi the (old (>a u~c:.: th o outc rop to d e:i'cribe ~
of ::w inch in diam e-ler; 3.~ regular!.y cli.'!-sNni nale<i biotit'!
c urve on Ih e eou lh~t ::o:dc of iAwi... toOn Canyon. H ere
in hl ac k h~:<a.gonal prisms a bou t: an ei~ hth of an inch
tho porphyry can bo t:nlc('ll rh,ing up :)1)0\"'6 th e top of Ihe
in <.li?~mctcr, a nd oc-c.:l t-l ioll:l l quartz c r>rlit..dti. Tb(!:IC,
canyon wull, till wilh thp. nl'\\' dip to the gauthWE$t it
with lll:lllY sll)o.Jle r pbe n(lcryl:lt~, o..re eet in a g'l'e<'niloh.gruy
COn1(>;i d own to the bottmn of the ca.uyon agai n at it, -rery
g roUD dma.~ . On d ecomposit.ion t.he grouodmlU:i3 ~8Uru ('5
rnoulh. Ou the ether sido of the canyon tber(! is II. part
9. deep oth·e-!!.recn color, whicb becomes browni6h in pbCC'.!;
of th e corr~:lpond ing Cti r\' (!, bllt it d~ no t appe-J.r to be
th e je!dsp~~rd bet'orne. whit er, tiC that t.hey Hhmd out DlOTic!
c.:o rnploled, MJ l~ to joiu iltl.clf ",·i.th the finlt. T11is may
BbarplY fro m the r c~ t. oj f.he rock nllft t.b o m ica assum (>$ n
be du e to .. loea.l disappe-.:.rnnce of tbe tlh eet.grecn i s.b-bro n 7.~ co lor. Tit\! procetss 01 nlterotion of this
Th o POrph}TY hu... ilB groo.t(lf!t. d evelopmen t around
J'ock is a.~ difier<mt froDl that at' the E:l~l e H ill porphyry
Engle Hill, and It S(~ D~ probable that Eomewhcre in tbi.
113 are t he 'two fOCke in appE"Orance. I II t:hc beginniD~
vicici Ly t.~xi~18 the channel through wh ich i t C'JHlO up
of the p~ t he E':lg lc Dill \';.ricly br.eilk:t up into3UWII,
from below. Tho lower aheet is thickctlL OQ Aline runni ag
sba:rp frnpm eni!!, \1;hidl become d u,lodgcd and lie in
directly from E:lgIB lim to Lion lIiIl a.Dd appears to thin
grca.L nu mhcTI! on Ih o l urfaco a bo ve the solid rock . .\s
gradually from t.h6 fonner toward the lotter, thougb th e
disin tc.gr.ltion proceeds t.ho roc k is fio:l. tiy red uced 100 Ihe
efU!'ion of tho d eeper V r.l U C~ hilS fCIDO\'cd i t from milch
puln:"rulcnt state. In the birdseye porph .vry, h~'c"er,
o( Lho inwrmed iAt.e rC'gion. N Or1J:,,~··.\l:I (,wa.rd {rom thi::ll ine
thi:s is bot tbc casG. Tbe n lt-eration proceeds grndrudly
it th illtt mpidly, tlnd to t.ho northt\·~t",·urd it Ih ick ('n.....
t.hronghol1l. the roc k, 08 it does in toile (li..-;inLegmt ion oi
granit.('6. The rock doC'lJ n ot. ~p lit or ~hell but rcmuuJs
There hns been mueh mining dC"f"clopment
fi rm fiU the procv~ it> iar :ld"~nee d; hcuc ~, by the limo
in tho dist.riet since the t.illlc of Spurr's inves- it loses its cobesiveoes:d it is so muc h decomposod M 10 be
tigation ilnd e"posures in t.he oro zo ne arc read" to fo rm soil. When the roc k c rumb1ce the mincr:..'"
fl\l' more cx.tensiYe, giviug n correspondingly Wlli~h make up tho porpllyrit.ic c ryatllis Cft fl still ordinarily
fa~ornble opportwlity for observ"tion. The be d.i8tinguhhed.
writer w"s informed hy tho m'lO"gemcut of On the edge oi Lb o Mere ur D:l8b tb~ bird80ye por}J"~'I'Y'
COI1Bi..sw oi ~ sln<>' lc sheot coniormc.ble with tbe It:rat.ifica·
tho Consolidated Mereul' Mines Co. thtlt dC"ol- tion and with t.he o ,
t!hcets or Eagle HiU porpbrcy.
1'be
opments hnd f"iled to show the presonco of horizon or the two porpilyriC9 is in D ge neral WilY about
thin porphyry sheets in connect.ion with the the same, nllhougb near Porphyry Hill th e II:heet 01 \b e
oro zones Ilnd un e"~miuMiou of some of tho E ngle Hill \':lrict.y is aevt\ral hund red feet lO'Ke.f ~'Q1
best ox posures in t.ho miue fuiled to di~closo than th e binlooyc porphYTY . Tho hitter OCCUplCtt tber
aummi t. o( P orph yry Knoh, whl'.re it bat! a columoo
thorn. Most of the rocks nrc much "Itered, and a structure, which is de\'cloped by wMt4cring. Bet... eea.
sheet of a!tOl'ed porphyry might well be mistaken Porpb~rry Knob Rnd Porph y ry Hi ll eroBioD hlUl worn down
for nn ultered sodiment, but it WIlS possible through !.he sheet and revea.led the limaJtone bcDcath.
to truce se~eral supposed porphyry beds 'l'he southwest sl opa o f Porphyry lli~I stlllld~ at rigb~
nlong tho st,riko into unmist.lknble sedi- nnglel:i to the di p of t.ho strat l\ and . th e lull thlclrn~ 0
the porp hyry flh eet ia tihO\\' U i u eecLioll, the 9uma.lH. ~
mentul'v, rock. ~Ioreover, seyernl shnlo beds t.he hill being formed ot' lim(,l'Itono 6tr,\t:l . The porphy?
. ,
commonly e!tlled "porphyry," cuny ubu\\(hmt out l'rop fo IlO\,",~d sOlllht.'Il$t dimiui.t:lbeJt very gr.J.duaUy lD
 •

OQUIf:HH nANG1~.
391
-' 'ckn(BS iOf!OIllC di~t:\n('e :lnd .hEm termina lt'!-l so:\lo rnpt}y ~1l. '·t:R DEPOSITS.
1.:11(0 !Ughre:tt a lau
• It·.N " •
1 0 ot"l.~r cndcn-ce of a faull , how·
~'er, can be iouod, ::.nd it is ccrtdrlo that lJlJ l1lun:- mcnt 1~h(\ sil."\"('I·" IClIge" oeew'S· (It 11 I'Ilt1l<.'r uefinite
of f,rre-.lt. iD)port~lOCC !l.llS oecurred; n~oroo\'(or, r,o oukrop
h(:rtzO~t III tilo limestone nnd cun he truced,
of p:J(phyry repr~mtl.ng {.he Of her !lldu nf a f<llilt (':l.r1 h(l
iotmd. ~ ortb'-~'cst,\\'ard the porphyry ran rle l':.l::rily with Interruption", from Lion Hill on the
lr.-.ctj., It rtl~11J t.:) the C'...";.~ oli Lion nm and itt exposed nm'tJ.: t() Engle Hill 011 the south. At hoth
h~rb up on t.he n(lrtlwm wall ot Ophir ('an)"01l. LIOn HI~ Ilnrl E~lglc Hill the leoge appcnrs to
Th,~ bird~y('. pl!Il'pJtyry itl the ~l'er(,\1.J di.':itrid, t.hen?roro bo ussl>c.lntcd With porphrr}' hodics, hut be-
i~ oHly the edge of t.ho t:.ulin milES. It $cemit to have it; t\~'CCl1 these two points its eioBo 1l~~oeil1tinn
;re-J.le.". dcrt'loprucnt oonsidembly north ..... c..'ft (It th.~t o{
fh{:l E:lglo Hill !Klrphyry, nlthongh. it ;..ppt·a.r~ at. about
wlt.ll porphyry is not. so apparent. 'fhe ledgo
Ih~ ~wc bOfi1.o11 a~lcf 00 t.he ~11U~ ~ene.r'l.l topographical docs, ho~vcvor, appear to occupy i,hout tho
~nd lft.rat.ibrraplli(,RI line. It i.8 prou:.lbl{-, t-hcrcforu, I1l0 t same horizon throughout its cxtent.
Ihey ~ genetica 11:,: (onnected-that .they tcpr~ent tho Th~ typieal "ilYer lodge is I> cherty material
~lDC gcnerul wagma· which aaceilded atong lht>. line of rcsultmg from the silicification of limestone.
"'eaknes3 indu cod by the mountain building and crys-
[t is resistant to crosion nnd USultUy outcro!>"
'allizeJ at diftt'rent tim~8 nntl under v;uyillg l"onciil ions.
NQ (~ \'idenc(! Qi v~lb e. with regard .to tlie reLa.tivc ase or mtlte!' prominently. In ndJit.ion to chorty
the t¥.·o v:trieU('1; of porphyry has. bf'to found. In a :twgle quart? It commonly include. considernble cal-
p l3.ce-oll Lion HilI-a contact bet-ween the t.wo Wilt' cite "nd hurite, t'lB hurite heing. cspcciilly
lotmd. by the Ifirtc of t.be road whi.ch leaC.~ to the millet', ubUl~d., ut in the ores. Sericite is present in
but. it w:lS of such a (',barRcter and t.he TOC&" were ~o thor·
co.nslIlerublc Itmount in mnny pltrt. of Lion
ouC;hly rl CCO lliPCR~ d tbnt no pvidenre could be derivoo
frolll it.
HilI und in Ie" nmonnt in the Morenr eump.
STRUCTURE. Locully, the lerlg() is an ore cont.nhdng, in
Tlll1 m"in strueturul feutures of t.hc Cnmp tho Mercm district, stihnito find possibly other
Floy.! dis~rict nre relntively simplo. The west u~timollY minerllls; eoppcI' cf.l.l'bonntcsj scoro-
sidl~ of tho rango i8 tl. siInplc [1ntic.lillc striking dttL\ find po~ihly other 1l1'"Sonic InillCl'llls;
northwest nbout with t.h e trend of the mngc. <ilver inslIlulI Ilmount, mn.inl}' ns I·he chloride,
This u.nLiclino is \\"011 exposed in Lewiston Cilll- though in tho primnry oro douhtles~ ns tho
yun, and in Ophir Cunyon to the north. Its sulphide I)l" some sih·or-il.ntimony mincl'Hl ; und
r.n:st in Lewiston Canyon is about I! miles " little gold.
southwcs t of ~!ercUl". The Upr"ur Busin is 'Tho following ii' nn aJlalv~i~ of oxidized silver
therefore on tl:o enst limb of tho "nt.ieline, .1nd ore frolll t·ho ~p"rro"'ha\;'I' mine:
the cump of West Dip, ns indiblted !Jy the
nnme, is on the west limb. The sume st.ructure [w . It. llilMm\lld , IlIlJ!YS t.]
,xtonus south to the limit of the I'llnr;c. Per cl'tot..
Silicon dioxide (SiO,)...................... . . HI. 70
Fl1ulting is of minor ,,(ructmul tho:Jgh of
'l'itolli\lm dio,;do ('NO,) ............ . .,.. . .. . ... . .20
some economic. importunee. Tho northeast .\tuminum I:lcsq!li()xido (AI .P~).............. . . . . . . 3.24
6>sures are of much importance in COIUlection Inm tI€squioxiue (F'e,OJ)........ .......•......... . 5.41
with the oro deposits but hUVl1 exerted littie lroll proto, ide (1"eO) .............. "'. .. . .......... .28
inliuence in tho general struetw'e of tbe dis- Ciltciuru oxide ((',,0). ........... . ......... ... . . • .44
trict. D.ril:m o,ide (n.O) ........... .,. . .......... . . . .. .43
Maguesium o:xido (lfgO)................. . .. . . . ... . .10
onE DEPOSITS.
Potassium oxide (~O) ..........• . ....... _. . . . . . . 1. 10
MERCUR. S()(Lium oxide (Nfl:O) ...........•........... ,.,.. .12
Lith.ium oxid e' (T..~O) ...... . •......•. , . ... Stroug tr..t.ce.
The Oro de.pos its of tho ~Iercul' area com- W'tor balow 110· C... . ........ " .. ....... - . . . . . .. . 29
prise silver depos.its ond gold deposits, hoth \V.torah.va 110· C . • . ............ , .... _.. _. . . . . .. 2. 16
I?cnlly cilled "Iedgcs." Sma.ll amounts 01 Sulphu.r trio<id<- (SO,) ... . _. . . . _... . ., . ... 2. 97
'ilvcr orcs hnva been mined from Lhe "old PhOtlpbofmt pcntoxid() (:r.,O~).. . ................. . .05
'1d .ld.timony pentoxid'C' (SbPs)' .. ...... ........ . . . . 1. 02
. e ges," and smoll amounts of "old from0 Lhe .\ntC[lic pClotoxidc ('\~O.!l) ................. , .. . ,.. .40
silrer "ledges," but in "cner.:i the 5ilYer ~(olybdeDlIm Plo) ................. .. ..... S!.rong trJ.('O.
"ledge" curries little gold :nd the gold ledge Tellurium (Tc) .....................••... ~ .. Stroug lruco.
ores are remnrkllbly free from silyor. The 99.97
~"er orcs are of littie commercial importance,
LSpurr, J, r:., op. cit., p. :flJ-1.
ut the gold orcs have yielded largely.
392 ORE m :P OS.TS OF UTAH.

The potas.,ium nnd aluminum firc present ill monly, howe"er it is more massive and does
J

very nellrly the proportions for muscovite unJ not"possess t,hc 811m B poru us r.hal'Rc',t{',r. The
urc probablv present as sericite, though somo upper purl, known n~ tho Soft Magazine vein,
of tho poto.~si um may be present as jarosite
und some of both tho potussium and .,'uminum
us alunite.
The gnngue minnrnls of the Mercur Bllsin lind
those of Liun Hill Ilrc very similar, hut the
metallic c.onst.ituents dill'cr considerably, those
of Lion Hill coat.aining considerable load , more I Upper vtin"porphyr/'
copper, nnd some zinc. ~cithcr lend or zinc
are reported from the :VIereur deposits. Tbe Uppt:r \'ein
flaM rol"tions nne! tho ebaructer of the gnogue Upper vein (oolw:Jl

II
minor".!. leave little doubt thnt tho silver ores
of the two areos arc of common origin though
they diffor somowhnt in metnl content.
The average gmde of the silver ores is not ;diddle streak
knO\vo. Some rich pockets were mined, but
opcrntions wore never very extensi vo nnd soon
ceased indie:l.ting thnt the "verage grade was
not hi~h,
OnI.n DP.l'OSlTS.

Tho nccompanyiug gellerulized section (fig.

41) through tho ore-beoring formation of the lkreur vlJi:J
~lCl'our di,trict furnished by tho Consoli- I
WI19 Mrttur \'~;n (cot ..... :lll
Lo\\'tr hr.Jt
dated ~lercur Co. It does not represent the
thickuess of the different formations at auy
given point hut is un approximate nverago of
tbeir thickn ess as they have been encountered
in the mine workings.
Gerural .,"ctio".-The mLmeti givon for tbe
stmtn. in the general section (fig. 41) of the ore-
be.,u'ing formation of the 1[erour urea I\l'e those
in common 11:;e and do not necessarily repre- LEGEND

sent the ch(lCIlCtel' of the material ; in fn ct,

soma of tho beds co.Uod "porphyry" contain
fossils fiud (HO generally recogni7.cd to be
sedimentary.
At th(l huse of the 0 1'0 scries is a lnMsive blue
limestone with beds of shuly m.teri ..]. These
61'0 unminemlizerl und pmeticully unaltered.
Overlying this is the silver ledge., whieh is a
cha.r ty, mther porous milS', resulting from the
silicification of limestone. It cunies silver,
and ill places is 1\ eommerciol arc. Localll',
notably in the anticlinal body in the Brickyn;'d
...-
""d ill tho Geysor mines, gold oro hus been
mined from the silver vein. ~ •
Sifu(\O~
Ovorlying tho silve.· ledge is tho )Jngn.zine l.blfttu:·
vein. Tho lowol' pnrt, known us the Hard
:Mngft zine, is 11 cherty 1lll1tel'i:ll, l'esultiuO' from
tbo silicifiettlioll of lillle~t()nC >lnd in °many
pllU:e8 closely resembles the sil vcr vein; co"'-
I Vertica l KJlte
~~~=-B:~~o======~~~......~·F~
FIQlJIlE ·H.-Gcu~ru.hzed :section of oro bed.!! h.l Metcur dlstrid.
 OQUTnUH RANGE.
393
i, •• haly materi'll, light colored and 1>Il~ldcci
'here o:ddi7.cc\ imd black whero unoxldlZcd. cherty quaMz wif·h smnll Ilmounls of n mineral
~be hard mnguzino is about 20 feot thick and resem bling sericite. Tho shllly beds nppeur
t.ho soft about 7 feet. lloth c:Hry gold und (·0 have suffel'L'c1 less alteration though t.hey
have becn mine.d. . . hun prob .. bly goincd silicu "lld possibly some
Overlviug the MogazlUe velll nnd about 30 potnssium, which buve form ed sCI~cite. The
feel. of "horty matcrial (".!tered limestone) that potlk"Sium, howover, mft y ht\\-O been originally
wries little gold is the shaly Apex vein which pl'Csent i" the shllle. Most of t.he ore cont.tllns
i, IIbout 8 fect thick a.nd cOlTies gold. It is nlso considerable bllrite nod secondary ClLlcite.
overlain by about <1 fec t of eher!y matarial The plincipnl mof.ullie minernls are pyrite,
that is not orc and by 60 fee t of rell1f.i vely realgm' wit.h some orpime.nt., and dnll1lbar.
unaltered limestone. The follOwing nnnlysis is of sulphido ora from
'fhe )[ercw' "oin, which lies next above, is tho Grasshopper sh.lft. of t.he Golden Gut.o mino:
20 to 25 feet t.hick. Its uppor 4 feet is known
as the )[ercur vein "porphyry." Its lower {W. F , DiUl'bnmd, an!llyst.J
20 feet is separated in to two parts by the l'cr~nt
Silicon dioxide (8iO,) ..... ... .. .. . .............. . 66. '12
~lercur vein footwoll, a thin persis ten t layer Titauium dioxid o (TiO,)...... .. .. .. ... .......... .8&
of shsly material. The upper 12 feet is known ,lluClinum lleSquioxid. (AL,O,) . .. ................. H.85
...qlli~dxid(eYo'c),O')· · ·""··"· ··"·" ··"··1 .31
8S the )[ercw' vein nnd t.he lower 6 feet us the lI
roo
Lower Half. The }.[erclll' vcin is charnctcr- ron prow", e "C ............................ . .
Iron di,ulphid. (FeS,).... ....... .. . . .. ... .. ...... G. f,()
ized by nodular cherty mllSses, which are Calcium oxido (CaO). ......................... .. .. .35
present where the limestone is little a1tcred D.,illm oxide (0.0).. ..... ... .. . .. .. . .... ... ..... .10
and appear to be originol in the limestono MQgn(·~iuDl oxido (}{gO) ... . _.. ... ............. . _. . .83
rather than a result of minernlizlltion. In Po~""iuru oxide (K,O)......... .. ......... . .... .. 2.13
many pluces the Mercur vein hos been altered Sodium oxide (Na.JO ) . ... _.... . . ... ... _. . _.. ... .. .13
LithiuDI oxice (Li~O) .. .. _........ .... Very 8:!.rong trace .
to n cherty mass v ery similar to the silver Water below llO" C. .. .. .. . ......... ... .. .. .. . . . .. .53
" Ied~e" and tho M"~azino vein. The Mereur Wa.tcrabo\·o llO°C ...... .. ..... .. .. ... .. .. ...... . 3.65
veil't.~lporphyrYI" where seen in the mine, is Sulphur I,noxidc (SO~) ..... _. .. ... •. . ... . . . _. . . . . .31
commonly e. mt!:ter nlilSSive W·.IY rock that is Phosphoms p. ntoxide (P,a,). . ................... .04
'olL aDd eilsily ponetrated by the pick. It is Aroonic pcotm<ido (.10,0,). .. ..... .. .... ... .... ... .11
0f !'uther shuly tcxtW'e nud "ppears to be nn Al>:euic di,ulplude (A.,S,). ......... ... .... . ...... 1.75
aliered sedimentary rock. TeU,,;uID (Te) ... ..... .. ..... ............... . 'Truce (1)
Above the ~lercur vein" porphyry " i. ubou t 99. 9&
36 leet of limestone followed by about 6 feet The alterat ion of the rock and I.he ndclition
of shaly :'ossiliferous mote.rilll, gruy where of gangue minerals in tha oro shoots hnve not
oxidized and blnck where bnse. TiJis is Imown 'been sufficient to permit II. relinbla estirnllt-e
as the middle strellk and is gold beuring. Next of tho ""lue of the orc from its Ilppeurance.
Ob0ye is 20 leet of limos tone, above which lies ~fuch good ore docs not. percept.ibly differ from
the highest miuemlized zone-about 40 feet wnste nud it is necessary tosnmple and assny to
01 shaly nnd siliceous material as follows: deter~inc
its va.lue. Renlgur or cinn(,bnr
Upper YBin lootwall, 5 feet; Upper vein, 8 usually indiclll.es good orc, but t.heir nbsence
leet; Upper ~ein p.orphyry, 20 ~aat;
shal.e, 8 is no proof of barrenness. .
leet.. OverlYIng tlllillS the IllllSS1va blue lirue- There is c.ommolllv n considernbl", difference
stone . h .~,_ d d
s ~~.e .
beds nXe cut by a. s~rles
. in nppeornnce between t e OXllJJ.Ze nn UD-
of fissures oxidized (buse) ore. The oxidizod 01'0 is
L~.ung cast of north nud dLppmg very "!<Jeply ~enernll
li"ht colored nnd mora friablo t.hlUl
~e'I.. The ore shootsfollow npproxlwutely t·he b h Y . / ed. 't Incb sulphides lind con-
Illterseet.ion of t.he Ihsures wit.h t.ho ore beds. t e UDul°XlhlZ ,! I cling scol'Oclite mlllunto-
Tho relation between ore bodies and fissures is, til ins. s pales, mc u . ,
IlOwever, less st.rikin~ in t.his dist.riet thun in rite, )1IJ'oslte, and g,l' PSum.
the Ophir aod Stockt.on districts. • SPWT, 1. E" up. 'II ., p..... Ihill In 'b. .. mplo
In tho Oplaklll or Dr UIJIt!lmUld Ihf.TC! ~ l.(!
tho b 0 11 .:o..ount of tile Illlnll qUAll 1it1' obf~ bit ""»
Aile t' Th e n 1trrntlOn
. f 'h J'
::~;:!; ~bm~1t ~III(lSt,
um
. I"a '101L - 0 '" e roc {8 I S I I

largely
any dependent ou t.heir origiuul churactel'0 j to;l M(II/' JerdoRl thottCbt bctt to indi-
1l of the limestono beds nre silicified to a colo 'llll bel< .r","""'I, by 'b,Inlem>" U"""""k.
 ORE: DEPOSIT'; OF FrMr.

Tlw followlIlg; is Ill~ a nalysis of oxilliy.t'd i '11tH i n~lllllhle gold giv(:ll i:; Hn aYel'a.gc of t1
"olrl Ol'f'from the ,tope. oi the Al'e, t.ulllwi in I number of tests mude on raw' ore "ftcr lime
o : o,i,I:\[.ion bv I~itl~tion of 5 pOllnris of ore,
t,he ~lcJ'eur miJlt ~.1 .J
gl'Ollnel [.0 pas.~ 200-mesh, hy ,til' in " 2-pouud
[W. f' , 1I1I 1('b r.l))d, : Hl .l~yt<i t. 1
cyanide solution with 25 pounds of lime. 11le
1'{ Oru·n'. tlilJel'ent orcS were boiled for fL wc(~k, the earbou
Silicon dioxide (Si()~i ___ .. . .. _. .. _.. _.. - 89: ~~ scum being skimmed rcpcI\tcdly. The ox i-
'fi~lJ.nium dioxide (Ti0 1 )··· . . . . . .
2.02 dizcd Ore glwo alm ost no oll.rhon, hut the py-
Aluminum 8c~quioxiue (,\1-/)3)··-·· ..... ... .
I ron se~uioxidQ (FC:lO,I) - . - .. _.... . . 1. t}5 ritie base gn.vo t\ In.rgo n.mount. An fl.llalysis of
I ron protoxide (1·'cO). _. _........ . . ..... - . . . . .... . the seum gave 10.~ per cent frec earbon and
.';2
Cu.1ciulTI oxide (Ca.O) .. _. __ ................ _•. ' _. .% .59.10 gold; after agitt\tion in potassium auro-
Unrillm oxide (Oa'O) .... _. _'" - . . . . .. ....... . .72
.23 cyanide (K.'\ uCy, ) solution ll.nd w","hing· il.
:~fagn ~jllm oxide (~fb{) ) ""' " . •. . . .... . . ..
Pot ~ iurn oxide ( K~O) ........ ... . . . . . . .47 nss"yed 890.60 pCI' ton.
Sodium oxido (K a.:O) ... . . .. . ... . .... .. .. . There is considefl,ble coneentmtion of gold
Lithium oxido( LiO) ....... ...... .. .. .. .... . Slrong \.mec. in the cllJ'bon coutent of thl' ore, "" showlI by
Wa.ter below 110 Coo .......... . . . .. . . .. . ··
0 .56
0
L 16 he"d Ilsst\y dter boiling : R"w !,yrite bilse,
Wa.lc r;\bo\,o 110 C ...... ........... . ..... .
Sulphur Irioxiuc (SO,) ....... ...... " ... "
..14 ·3;1.31; dter boiling, S2.27.
PhosphoruS" Jxmtoxido (P;O I).··· ·. ··· · ··· · • OS It is of course well known thl\t cill'bon will
An:enic pentoxjde (A~lO.J ...... . .... . ..... . I. GO precipitate gold from solution, though no gen-
Molybdenum (:\10)............ .. . .. . .. . . . . ,. (?) er,tl n.greement hus been rll/whed us to the
Tollurium ere)............ ..... . .. ... ...... . . (?)
causo of such preeipitl.tion; and it hIlS also been
100.00 shown i th"t in gold-silver cyn.nide solul.iom
Occur,.""",, ·oftlw gold.-Gold i ~ nC\'0r "isible carbon precipitll.tes gold more rcudily the.ll
in either tIm oxidized or Wloxidizod orcs of the silver, Rnd that little silver precipitt\\<',s while
district, und tho form in which it is present hns gold remll.ins in solution. Spurr has shm<JI
nevor heen posit,ival}, deOOI'mined, though tlmt the gold is not, partieulul'ly l\ssociated with
Spurr tlllllks it is present IlS the (."llurido in thc the sulphides, und t,he d"tn. tit hand point to
bllso oro und us fre e gold , though prob" bly in ' its lI,socintion with the c;,rbon of the rocks
some ~.pcci"l "ondition, in the. oxidized ore. It Down the dip the character of the ore docs
has bf"''' suggested hy Sptu'!' nnd others that not change notubly "fool' the sulphide ore lIP"'
the gold of the ]\ferclIr district OCCUl'S in un been rClwhcd , but t,ho gold content decrel""';
nllotropic fOl'm thnt will not rcadily umlllga- in n short distanco irom good orc [,0 mr-leri,,1
mate witl, mcrcmy hut is attl\cked by cltlorino too low in gold fol' commercial tr""tment.
"!lei potassium 0YI\nidc. UufortltUI\\<,ly ·gold 'l1le maximum distanoo from the outcrop to
has neyer bcen fotmd in the oxidized orcs of the which ore has been developed is about 1,500
Merom district ill sufficient concentration to· feet. The gnH,t bulk of tho ore, however, hns
mnke " careful chemic..l eX lUninn.tion of its come from within 11 few hundred feet of the
cendition possible. outcrop.
Experimonts clU'!'ied 011 for the Consolidated Tho decrease in tbe gold content of the oro
Merour lIfillOS Co. indiClltc 1m association of the with incre,)sing dist~l1ce from the surfnce
oarbon of tho oro with tho gold. The following su~"csts omichmcnt bv sw·Cuco solntions. On
nro the c"rbon coulont lind the insoluble gold the0"other hund, the ores "
iLt or Vel')' nOl1r the
ill different typc", of ore cXI,mincd:
surface nrc Illl rich vs lit any gI'elll.er depth, an.d
.A.tl-ociation. of carbon (md i~i801 ubk go!d i n ~lJt1'CUT oru. in the absence of nn overl.viug leached zone II.
is not ells), to find" source for slIch enricbment.
Carbon. I n.:tolublo The grllde of the oro is low. In 1902 II
gold.
nverltged 85.72 pel' ton, of which 81.19 wus losl.
PloT unto
in t.be tn.ilings. From thn t time the uverage of
Oxidized oro .. · .. · .. · .............. 1 0.105 SO. 40 the oro trcllted has decrel\sed till in recent yen'"
H.~\W..ba..io
p (,ln~eni(').. .............. f'):::S .90 it hus been us low us 53.50 per ton with 80 to 90
ynttc b :IlIc .................... '" .~:;o
.<)0)

All hut·
truce. cents lost in tailings.
~ Cowl6, R. K .• Prtc(l)iI:lt~ of book! Illd IUnr tly C'.Irboo: lttn. aDd:
I Spurr, J. E., op. ci t., p.-t::!6.
SM.. P'rtl$ \-'01. 10.:;, l!. 7:10, 1!)l2,
 :395
Tho ;1'·Cl'uge g'l'lldo of the 01'1' ll"l i1l0.d iH of ) ore::;; lind second, thnt SOf.l0 conslituent of tho
cnuf'?j:C dcpelld0nt on the eru-t. of ext!'aetwll nnd : ~hlllc acted us It reducillg agent unO. prer.ipit rded
(I'Cn (.U1('.n t·, for :l~ low-grade ruck I~ tllken os I
the gold [l'om the Sol11tions. It is well known
r.,n be pl'ofit.ably hnndled. thnt inte.rfercncc h.Y shnlc byers tends to CulISO
QUICKglLn:n DEJ'OSITS . preeipitatioll) hut in the Camp Flore} district. the
solutions must. hnve pnsscrl t.hrough severu]
The Sacramento is tbe only Il)ille in the dis- "hnl)' heds , for several 01'(\ Zones lie on(\ nbovo
triel from which quicksilyer htls been produced IlOot.her. The ability of ctlrhon or snnw sub-
in commercitl.l qunntjti~, and it \,ns inHl'Ccs- stonce nsgociuted with it. to precipitllte gold from
sible when the wl'iter visited t.he distl·iet. solut.ion is ulso known: lind the ilppnre.nt. nsso{'itl-
Boutwell' hIlS descl'ibe<1 tho deposit flS follows: tiOI1 of gold with the ctl.rbonncoous mnttel' sug-
The ore it; (.~rt.h)' cinoabar with :I. siliceou9 gangue :lnd gests thltt tbis hus been un tlctivo fnctor in tho
yields 6 per cent on, an :~vE'n~gc nn~ 80 per cent i~l picked fOl'mat.ion of the deposits. Moreovor, ns goltl is
aample&. I tOCC11l"SlD bands 11) an Il~tcrcd cherty 11m~8to ne
adjll.C(lDt to a. dike and to a fr.:.1ctur e zone .. ln, general th,e
ortlinfl!'ily mo!'c I'cndily precipitnted tlHln 8ih'cr,
p!Jrti()o oi tbis limestone wbc~ bears q Ulcl~st1\'~r CO~8ti­ n solution thtlt contnined both gold unci sil"lll'
tutau. lenticular shoo t measuring ahout 10 feet 10 tlllck- might hnve hud mudl of its gold Itnd litt Ie of
D~, an feet Iiong lh e st.rike, and HO teet. on the dip, 'l'hia it s silver precipit.lited by t.he clll'hon of the
leu. is coincide.nt with the bedding of lJ.e limest.one nlong rocks.
the middlo I1nd ,major porion of its dip, but at it.s llpper
Spurr considet'S thllt t.he silver deposits UfO
eoi:re it beuds :lod cnl~ abruptly a('r(lSS the bedding; while
atild lower edge, on approaching t.ho dike and fr-J.cture on distinctly oldo!' tluUl the gold deposits ilnd thut
iLtldio, itdropsf'harply down {lCrcss the hedding, pinching t.hore is no illtimtlte rol.tio)l between the two.
out at. hot.h its upper ~m d lower t.eI1llin:lti(ll~S to thin cdgea. The writer fnilcd t.o find convincing ovidcuco
WEST DIP. of (!tis und is inclined to consider nil t.lto de-
posits of essen tinily the SRme uge, t.hough ho is
The deposits at West Dip IiI'C ahout 4I miles not prcpaJ'cd to offer 11 definito oxplnIll,tiofl fO!'
we.gt of Mercur in st.rnta thnt dip I'itthel' gently tho differcIIce in the mettll oont,'nt of tlte 01'e8.
west. The deposits were not being opcmted Ill. In other purts of the Sttlte, whel'e n simill\!'
the time of visit nnd consequently were not differcnc:o exists, t.here is pt'ttcticully lIO douht
examined, but so fn1' us lonrned from descrip- th;,t t.he Ol'e deposits .ue of t·he Stime t1go nnd of
t.iolts, tho OCCUlTenco of tho orcs is similar to common origin. (Seo p. J 80.) The 0),0 solu-
[hut ut. ~Iercur. tiolls '\I'e helievcd to have been deep sellted
SUNSliINE. und nssocintell wi~h t.he gcnel'ill minerulizilt.ioll
The Sunshine district, nhout. 4 miles south of of the l'I111ge. (Seo p. 339.)
~lercur, wos lilso itlle in H1l2, but the OCClll'- mnLIOGIL\PllY.
renee of its ores is apparently similar to thtlt lit
R. H" ~.liues and mills oi the ConJ::iOlidak~ cl )h~ rcur
~!ercltr nnd West Dip. I\LLEN,
l1iu~ Co.: Eng. a nd :\Iiu. Jour., \'01. ~!) , pp. 127:l-
OENESIS OF THE ORES. 1277,1910. . .
The origin of the ores of the Cnmp Floyd DER~, G. n., The geology of )l ~rcur IDlnQ.'lllnd mlll.cral!',
vol. 24, Pl'. 513-545, lDQ.!'
district is not 8S applirent tiS in many districts G£)U.lI:LL, R. C., Eng. nnd Min. JOllr., Apr. 2-1, ~8?7 . .
of tho Stnte. So fuJ' tiS the ch.~raeter of the II ILLS, R .C. , Ore d epc8i ts of the C~'mp Floyd P dl~
IlII1llng
. . ...
rock is conoorned the location of the deposits trict, Tooele County, Utah: Colorudo ::;Cl. t;oc. roc.,
appeurs to be due to the shuly stl'llt.a, for the AuS . G, 1894. _, _
HUSTLt.:Y, D. B., Tenth COIlb1.H! U. S., yolo 1:1, pp. 41)'s-45o,
ores are tlssoeiated with this zone und hnve
1685.
not been found in the limestone 01' quartzite )fAOUIR£, D., and HOWARD, L. 0.: The rom:lUcc . of .9.
either above or below . f[lmou~ gold mine: Sait. Lake )1.lU. Rev., pp. 1.1-1..>,
This 1ll3S0eiation of ore wi th shale is sus- June 15, 1913j pp. 13-17, JtlDe 30, 1913; pp. 10-15,
ceptible of at lenst two interpretations: First, J"ly 15, 1913. .
. L. J\ ., -;\ffilinp practices at the COIL.Q()hduted ~{e....
t~at t.ho shale layers were rellitively imper- P AL){EI1, ~
cur: Salt Lake ~fiD. Rev., vol. 10, p. IG, 19~9.. .
\'JOllS to solutions nnd by interfering wi th tho E Economic geology of the ~1ercur Dumng dis-
J
SPURR, • ., • S F E - t" S
(ree CIrculation caused the deposition of the t . t Utah with introductioD br . . !.mmon::;: . .
rIC" R '
Geo1. Sut\·cy Sixteenth Ann. ep"., \ '0 . - , \Opp395 . -
1 8o'1:t"'~1) 1. V ., Q,u lcbth't'r: U. S. G(!(II. SU!·...cY Mln('lrul Ikf,QUf~,
, ...
P. i e.i. IQI]7. ·155, 1896 .

396
EAST TINTIC MOtNTAINS.
Dy W ,U DE>UR l.nmO)H·:x :J,nd G. F.
GENERAL FEATURES.
The Rust Tintie lIIountains ill cent!"al l ; tnh
form one. of the cllStcrrun08t ranges of the
Great Bnsin. They nrc crossed hy Int.itudc
40° )/. and 100l"itude
o IIZ o W. They . include
two organized mining clistricts, the Tintie in
t.h e ccntrol ancl the North Tint.io (including thc
Boulter district) in t.he northern part of the
raoge. The boundnr)' bot.weco thcsc t.wo dis-
tricts is approximately m,u'kcd by the Denn'r
& Rio Grande Rnilroad , which extends "nslr-
ward from En!"eka, the largest settleUlent in
the range. The nrc.l extending .1 few miles
south of the milroad and east· of longit.ude 112 0
5' W. is locallv known 3S the. Eust Tintic dis-
tric.t but is he;o included in t.he Tintie district.
The Tint.ie district prope,' hus long bcen one
of t.hc most productive io U!<lh and hus been
studicd in dctail. The North oml East Tilllie
districts h .. ,e only a few productive mines and
hllvo b,'cn studied only in !"ceonnuis.unce.
These three di~ tricts nre described in a recent
Survey report,' an ubstract of which IS gIven
on pages 396-418 of this p"per.
TOPOGRAPHY.
. The E.st Tin tic ~Io\lltains are mllLurely
dlssc?ted u nd show ev idouce of typicnl block
fuultmg at only tl few places .. Tho highest
penksattoin clevotions of 0\'01' 8,000 fcct.. The
dovution of Tintic Vnlley on the west is about
?,.500 feet nud that of Gosben Valley On the eust
IS 4,500 feet . Tho rnnge is penetmtcd by a
~ew prominent trnnsvorse gulches, in the Ulost
lllportant of wbich are Burek . , nnd 11ommoth
the principII I settlements of the Tin tic district.:
(See fig. 42.) Silver City, the only otber nctive
seU.lement, is 3 miles south of }.laUUIloth at
t.he mouth of u 8m.llcr gulch. These IIr~ nil
fl'.ucbed by the Dcll\w & Rio Grando :\l,d the
Los Angolcs & Salt Luke milronds. Abuildoned
camps and old mill und smelter sites lire Dia-
mond, south of Silver City; Homollsville,
northeast of Eurekn; ond Tintic, to the south-
west ill Tintic Vulley .
.T~ere lire no pcrmonent streams in the Enst
Tintle Mountains, but sen""l SPI'in"" rise ill
the area of igncous rocks olld t\ 0"roup" of thcm
. shlily Oplill' formoti on (see p. 398), and several
1 LIDdgftln , T'lnldelluu, und Loughlin, G, F " 0 ('(1100' ;\nd Oh!!dt}1cr.,ita
at the TluH(I rulnJog dbtrlct: l:. S. Gcoi. SW"\"cy )l ruf. PnJ;~~ 107,1'119.
-
ORE DEPOSITS OF UTAH.
supplies Silver Cit.y. Th o "atpr snpplies of
LOUGHLI ~.
Eurekn , I,be Denver & Rio Grnnne I1nilrond
fln" sevCI"n l mines n.re obtoin('d fl"Om wells and
infillration glllleries dri\'cn in surfn("e debris
o\·c.r rhyolitc nnd in th" rh}'olite itself. The
wllkr supply of Mllmmoth (including Robin-
son) is piped I S miles from Cherry Creek in the
West Tintic 1!ountuins.
TINTIC DISTRICT.
GEOLOGY.
GE!rr~L FEATUllES.
The East Tintie R auge is composed of Paleo-
zoic sedimentary uDd Te,·ti,u-y igneous rocks.
(See fig. 42.) The scdinlent.ary rocks nre
chjefly a qUflrtzite 0\' 0" 6,000 feet thick , ovor-
lain by 6,500 to 7,000 fee t of lin'est<:>ne, includ-
ing a small amount of shale. The igneous
rocks are in pllrt intrusive rhyolite porphyry
and monzonite und in part extrusive rhyo-
lites, Intites, IlDd perhups andesit;lS. The sed i-
mentnry rocks for the most part form a great
nort.h-trending anticline in tbe western pllrt of
the North Tintic distriet Md un IlCcompanyiug
syncline whicb oppe'll"S in the Tintic dist.rirt
proper and the eustem pnrt of the Nort.h Tint.it
district. The lin,b common to both theso folds
hilS steep to vert.icnl dips uod locully even
overturned dips . The wt'Stero limb of the
Ilnt,icline and the eastern limb of the syncliue
have prevailing dips of 30° or less. The fold ing
east nnd south of the Tintic district proper is
Inrgely conceuled beneath volca.oic rO("ks, but. •
smoU part of u.n unticline is e.xpose.d at the hend
of Goshen Valley. The stratigruphy und st.rue-
ture nre compliellted by a Illrge number of
faults , the largest of whicb, in thc Tintic dis-
triet, ure prevolc'lnic lind have had little influ-
ence on t.he distribution und size of ore bodies.
SEDUIENTARY ROCKS.
Tbe sedimeut.nry rocks included Cum brinn,
Ordoviciuo, Devonian, nnd Mississippian strata,
interrupted by uLlco oformities ot or near Ihe
top of the Cambrilln nnd lit tbe buse of tho
Mississippilln.
The Camhri.ln strato include the great
Tintic quart.zite, over 6,000 feet thick, the
limestones nod dolomites. They runge (rom
Lower to Upper Cambriun.