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STATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF
PRESSURE CONTROL SYSTEM
RT030
[DOCUMENT SUBTITLE]
[DOCUMENT SUBTITLE]
SIYAR M. SALEEM
PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION
Group B
Report No. 5
November 27, 2018
INTRODUCTION:
This compact experimental unit offers every opportunity to learn the
fundamentals of control engineering through experimentation on a pressure
control system. The experimental setup is mounted in a housing which
accommodates all the electronics.
• Dynamic characteristics
the relationship between the system input and output when the measured
quantity (measurand) is varying rapidly.
• Static characteristics
the performance criteria for the measurement of quantities that remain constant,
or vary only quite slowly.
The static characteristics of instruments are attributes that changes slowly with
time. Static characteristics can be divided in to desirable and undesirable.
Accuracy
Sensitivity
Repeatability
Reproducibility
Drift
Dead zone
o Threshold
o Hysteresis
o Creep
o Resolution
Static error
Trueness: Trueness is the closeness of the mean of a set of measurement results to the actual
(true) value
Calibration
The precision of the laser meter used in the example above is good and the
accuracy of the meter can be improved with calibration as
calibration = 6.01 m - 6 m
= 0.01 m
Sensitivity
Sensitivity is the increment of the output signal (or response) to the increment of
the input measured signal - and can be expressed as
Repeatability
Repeatability is the variation in measurements taken on the same item under the
same conditions.
Reproducibility
Reproducibility is the ability of a measurement to be duplicated, either by the
same person or by someone else under changed conditions.
Dead zone
Dead zone errors are created by
Hystersis: Hysteris is when unloading applied input don't creates the same output.
Creep: Creep is caused by the time an instrument needs to adapt to change in applied input.
Resolution: Depending on the instrument - but minimum change in input may require for change
in output
1 20 0 0.03 0.15
2 22 0 0.03 0.15
3 24 0 0.03 0.15
4 26 0 0.03 0.15
5 28 0 0.12 0.26
6 30 0 0.15 0.31
7 32 0 0.19 0.34
8 34 0 0.25 0.4
9 36 0 0.3 0.44
10 38 0 0.35 0.46
11 40 0 0.43 0.58
12 42 0 0.51 0.61
13 44 0 0.58 0.71
14 46 0 0.7 0.85
15 48 0 0.83 0.97
16 50 0 1.04 1.2
17 52 0 1.18 1.3
18 54 0 1.24 1.39
1.4
1.2
Piezo-electric sensor
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Y% Input
Slope expressed by
∆𝑦
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 =
∆𝑥
∆y=change in y
∆x=change in x
Slope = 0.0362
1.6
1.4
1.2
Manometer
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Y% Input
Slope expressed by
∆𝑦
𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 =
∆𝑥
∆y=change in y
∆x=change in x
Slope = 0.0366