UNIT-1

1. State any two advantages and disadvantages of deep-groove ball bearings

2. What is meant by conformability and embeddable with respect to sliding contact bearing
materials
3. The following data is given for 3600 hydrodynamic bearing journal diameter=100mm, bearing
length=100mm, radial load=50kn, journal speed=1440rpm, radial clearance=0.12mm,
viscosity=16cp. Calculate (a) minimum film thickness (b) coefficient of friction (c) power lost in
friction
4. Define dynamic load carrying capacity of rolling contact bearings
5. The radial load acting on a ball bearing is 2500N for the first 5 revolutions and reduces to 1500N
for the next 10 revolutions. The load variation then repeats itself. The expected life of bearing is
20 million revolutions. Determine the dynamic load carrying capacity of bearing
6. A full journal bearing of 50mm diameter and 100mm long has a bearing pressure of 1.4N/MM2.
The speed of the journal is 900rpm. And the ratio of journal diameter to the diametral clearance
is 1000. The bearing is lubricated with oil whose absolute viscosity at the operating temperature
is 350C. Find i) the amount of artificial cooling required and ii) the mass of the lubricating oil
required. If the difference between the outlet and inlet temperature of the oil is 100C. take
specific heat of the oil is 18550 J/Kg/0C
7. Explain with reference to a neat plot the importance of the bearing characteristic curve (2015)
8. A ball bearing is subjected to a radial load of 4000N is expected to have a satisfactory lofe of
12000 hours at 720rpm with a reliability of 95%. Calculate the dynamic load carrying capacity of
the bearing, so that it can be selected from manufacturer’s catalogue based on 90% reliability. If
there are four such bearings each with a reliability of 95% in a system. What is the reliability of
complete system
9. The rolling contact ball bearing are to be selected to support the overhung countershaft. The
shaft speed is 720rpm. The bearings are to have 99& reliability corresponding to a life of 24000
hour. The bearing is subjected to an equivalent radial load of 1KN. Consider life adjustments
factors for operating condition and material as 0.9 and 0.85 respectively. Find the basic dynamic
load rating of the bearing from the manufacturer’s catalogue, specified at 90% reliability
10. What is boundary lubrication? Differentiate between hydrostatic and hydrodynamic lubrication
11. Design a journal bearing for a centrigugal pump running at 1440rpm, diameter of journal is
10cm and the load on each bearing is 2000kg. the factor ZN/P may be taken as 2800 for
centrifugal pump bearings.
12. Why are ball and roller bearings described as anti friction bearings
13. A ball bearing is subjected to radial forces of 2500N and an axial force of 1000N. The dynamic
load carrying capacity of the baring is 7350N. The values of X and Y factors are 0.56 and 1.6
respectively. The shaft is rotating 720rpm. Determine the life of bearing.

UNIT-2
1. Name the materials used for piston rings
2. What is the difference between centre and overhung crankshaft
3. Determine the dimensions of small and big end bearings of connecting rod for diesel engine
with following data. Cylinder bore=100mm, maximum gas pressure=2.45Mpa, l/d ratio from
piston pin bearing=1.5, l/d ratio for crank pin bearing=1.4, allowable bearing pressure for piston
pin bearing=15Mpa, allowable bearing pressure for crank pin bearing=10Mpa
4. The following data is given for piston of 4S diesel engine. Cylinder head=250mm, material of
piston rings= grey cast iron, allowable tensile stress=100N/MM2, allowable radial pressure on
cylindrical wall= 0.03mpa, thickness of piston head=42mm, number of piston rings=4, calculate
all dimensions related to piston and piston rings
5. Design a cast iron piston for a single acting four stroke engine for the following data: cylinder
bore=100mm, stroke=125mm, maximum gas pressure=5N/mm2, indicated mean effective
pressure=0.75 N/mm2, mechanical efficiency=801%. Fuel consumption=0.15,kg per brake per
hour, higher calorific value of fuel= 42 x 103 KJ/kg, speed=2000rpm. Any other data required for
the design may be assumed
6. Design a trunk type cast iron piston for an IC engine from the given data. Diameter of the
cylinder is 100mm, stroke 120mm, maximum explosion pressure is 40Kg/cm2, maximum
permissible tension for cast iron for the design of head thickness is 300Kg/cm2, and the flexural
stress for the pin may be taken from 900 to 1200 Kg/cm2. The gudgeon pin should be hardened
and ground and should turn in phosphor bronze bushing. Bering pressure should be limited to
200Kg/cm2. Sketch the piston inserting important dimensions of the piston with piston pin,
piston rings and scrapper ring in position
7. Design a center crank shaft for a single acting four stroke engine for the following data:Bore =
200mm, stroke = 300mm, engine speed = 1000 rpm, length of connecting rod=600mm,
maximum combustion pressure = 1N/mm2, the crank shaft carrying one fly wheel at one end of
each journal. Weight of each flywheel = 2KN, distance between flywheel and its nearest
journal=150mm. maximum torque is experienced in the crank shaft when the crank angle is 300
from the inner dead centre position. Permissible stresses for crank shaft material are 70N/mm2
in bending, 40N/mm2 in shear, limiting bearing pressure is 8N/mm2. The length to diameter ratio
1:2 for both crank pin and journal. Assume required data
8. Design a cast iron piston for a single acting four stroke diesel engine with the following data
Cylinder bore = 300mm
Length of stroke = 250mm
Speed=600rpm
Brake mean effective pressure = 0.6Mpa
Maximum gas pressure = 4Mpa
Fuel consumption = 0.25kg per BP per h
l/d ratio for bush in small end of connecting rod = 1.5
assume suitable data if required and state the assumptions made
9. Design an overhung shaft for a 300X350mm single acting cylinder vertical engine using
following data:
Maximum gas pressure = 25Mpa
L/r ratio = 4.5
 Weight of flywheel cum belt pulley = 10 KN
Total belt pull = 5 KN
Width of hub for flywheel cum belt pulley = 10KN
The torque on the crank shaft is maximum when the crank turns through 350 from the top dead
centre and at this position the gas pressure inside the cylinder is 1Mpa. The belts are in the
horizontal direction. Assume suitable data
10. Design a cast iron piston for a single acting four stroke engine for the following data
Cylinder bore = 100mm, stroke=125mm, maximum gas pressure = 5N/mm2, induced mean
effective pressure = 0.75 N/mm2, mechanical efficiency = 80%, fuel consumption = 0.15 Kg per
BP per hour, highest calorific value = 42X103 KJ/KG, sped= 2000rpm, assume suitable data if
required and state the assumptions made

UNIT-3
1. What are the desirable properties of belt materials
2. How will you designate the roller chain
3. It is required to select a flat belt drive to convert two transmission shafts rotating at 800
and 400 rpm. The centre to centre distance between shaft is 3m an belt drive is open
type. The power transmitted by belt is 30kw and load correction factor is 1.3. the belt
should operate at a velocity between 17.8 to 22.9 m/s. The power transmitting capacity
of belt per mm width per ply at 1800 arc of contact and at a belt velocity of 5.08m/s is
0.0147kw. select preferred pulley diameter and specify the belt
4. A simple roller chain 10B is used to drive cam shaft of an internal combustion engine.
Both shaft rotates at 360rpmand the center distance between the two axis should be
550mm. The number of teeth on each sprocket wheel is 19. Calculate a) number of
chain links b) correct center distance
5. A pulley of 0.9m diameter revolving at 200rpm is to transmit 7.5KW. find the width of a
leather belt if the maximum tension is not exceed 1545N in 10mm diameter of the shaft
and the dimensions in the various parts of the pulley, assuming it to have 6arms.
Maximum shear stress is not exceed 63Mpa
6. Design a chain drive to actuate a compressor from 15kw electric motor running at
1000rpm, the compressor speed beiong 350rpm. The minimum centre distance is
500mm. the compressor operates 16 hours per day. The chain tension may be adjusted
by shifting the motor on slides
7. A simple chain No. 10B is used to transmit power from a 1400rpm electric motor to a
line shaft running at 350rpm. The number of teeth on the driving sprocket wheel is 19.
The operation is smooth without any shocks. Calculate i) the rated speed for which
chain drives can be recommended, ii) the tension in the chain for the rated power and
iii) the factor of safety for the chain based on the braking load.
8. A flat belt is required to transmit 30KW from a pulley of 1.5m effective diameter running
at 300rpm . the angle of contact is spread over 11/24 of the circumference. The
coefficient of friction between belt and pulley surface is 0.3. determine taking
 centrifugal tension in to account, width of the belt required. It is given that the belt
thickness is 9.5mm density of belt material is 100 Kg/m3 and the permissible working
stress is 2.5Mpa
9. It is required to select a flat open belt drive for a compressor running at 720rpm, which
is driven by a 25KW, 1440rpm motor space is available for a center distance of 3m.
10. It is required to select a v belt drive connect a 15KW 2880rpm normal torque AC motor
to a centrifugal pump, running at approximately 2400rpm , for a service of 18 hours per
day. The centre distance should be approximately 400mm. assume that the pitch
diameter of the driving pulley is 125mm.

UNIT-4
1. Why is pinion weaker than the gear made of same material
2. What kind of contact occurs between worm and worm wheel? How does it differ from
other types of gears
3. It is required to design a pair of spur gears with 200 fulll depth involute teeth consisting
of 20 teeth pinion meshing with 50 teeth ger. The pinion shaft is connected to 25kw,
1440electric motor. The starting torque of motor can be taken as 150% of rated torque.
The material for pinion is plain carbon steel Fe410, while the gear is make of grey cast
iron FG200. The factor of safety is 2. Design gears based on Lewis Equation and using
velocity factor to account for dynamic load
4. A pair of helical gears consisting of 18 teeth pinion meshing with 45 teeth gear 7.5KW
power at 2000rpm is supplied to pinion through its shaft. The normal module is 6mm
while normal pressure angle is 200. The helix angle is 230. Determine tangential, radial
and axial component o resultant tooth force between meshing teeth
5. A pair of spur gears with 200 pressure angle, consists of a 25 teeth pinion meshing with a
60 teeth gear. The module is 5mm, while the face width is 45mm. the pinion rotates at
500rpm. The gears are made of steel and heat treated to a surface hardness of 220BHN.
Assume that dynamic load is accounted by means of the velocity factor. The service
factor of safety is 1.75 and 2 respectively. Calculate
i) Wear strength of gears
ii) The static load that the gears can transmit without pitting and
iii) Rated power that can be transmitted by gears
6. A herringbone speed reducer consists of a 26 teeth pinion driving a 104 teeth gear. The
gears have a normal module of 2mm. the pressure angle is 250. The pinion receives
100KW power through its shaft and rotates at 3600rpm. The face width of each half is
35mm. the gears are made of alloy steel 30NiCrl (Sut=1500 N/mm2 ) and heat treated to
surface hardness of 40BHN. The surface factor is 1.25. determine the factor of safety is
1.25. determine the factor of safety against failure and against pitting failure
7. A pair of helical gears consists of 20 teeth pinion meshing with a 100 teeth gear. The
pinion gear rotates at 720rpm. The nominal pressure angle is 200 while the helix angle is
250, the face width is 40mm and the normal module is 4mm. the pinion as well as gear is
made of steel 40C8 (Sut=600N/mm2) and heat treated to a surface hardness of 300BHN.
 The service factor and the facto of safety are 1.5 and 2 respectively. Assume that the
velocity factor accounts for the dynamic load and calculate the power transmitting
capacity of gears.
8. A pair of helical gears is to transmit 15KW. The teeth are 200 stub in diametral plane and
have a helix angle of 450. The pinion runs at 10000rpm and has 80mm pitch diameter.
The gear has 320mm pitch diameter. If the gears are made of cast steel having allowable
static strength of 100mpa, determining a suitable module and face width from static
strength considerations and check the gears for wear, given σes=618Mpa
9. A pair of straight teeth spur gears is to transmit 20KW when the pinion rotates at
300rpm. The velocity ratio is 1:3. The allowable static stresses for the pinion and gear
materials are 120Mpa and 100Mpa rtespectively. The pinion has 15 teeth and its face
width is 14 times the module. Determine
i) Module
ii) Face width
iii) Pitch circle diameters of both the pinion and the gear from the stand point of
strength only,
Taking into considerations the effect of dynamic loading. The tooth from factor
can be taken as y= 0.154*(0.91/no of teeth). And the velocity form factor cv= 3/(
3+v) where v is expressed in m/sec.

UNIT-5
1. A triple headed power screw, used in screw jack, has a nominal diameter of 50mm and
pitch of 8mm. the threads of square and length of nut is 48mm. the screw jack is used to
lift a load of 75KN. The coefficient of friction at threads is 0.12and collar friction is
negligible. Calculate
a) Principle shear stress in screw body
b) Transverse shear stress in screw and nut
c) The unit bearing pressure

State whether the screwing is self-locking

2. The load screw of lathe has single-start ISO metric trapezoid threads of 52mm nominal
diameter and 8mm pitch. The screw is exerted to an axial force of 2KN. In order to drive
the tool carriage during turning operation. The thrust is carried on collar of 100mm
outer diameter and 60mm inner diameter. The value of coefficient of friction at screw
threads and collar are 0.15 and 0.12 respectively. The lead screw rotates at 30rpm.
Calculate
a) Power requires to drive lead screw
b) The efficiency of screw
3. Explain the force diagram for trapezoidal thread and derive its equations
4. Explain the design procedure of power screws
5. Explain the mode of failure in worm gearing
6. How the coefficients of friction vary in worm gearing with change in rubbing velocity?
Explain
7. The lead screw of lathe has ACME threads of 50mm outside diameter and 8mm pitch.
The screw must exert an axial pressure of 2500N in order to drive the tool carriage. The
thrust is carried on a collar 110mm outside diameter and 55mm inside diameter and
lead screw rotates at 30rpm. Derive
i) The power required to drive the screw
ii) The efficiency of lead screw

Assume the coefficient of friction of 0.15 for screw and 0.12 for collar