BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY: Civil and Water

Resources Engineering
PROGRAM: MSc in Water Supply and
Sanitary Engineering
Course Title: Sewerage and Urban
Drainage System

BiT-BDU
December 2016
 SUDS Assignment I 2016

A proposed wastewater collection system layout with 27 contributing establishments and 18

manholes is to be designed for the downstream part of the urban area near to the treatment plant
(Figure 1). The topographic map (showing 1m contour interval and a development plan showing
settlement pattern, road network and future development of the area) is given in Figure 1. The
number of residential population contributing sewage to the manholes and per capita water
consumption at the end of the planning horizon are given in Table 1. It has been determined that
the commercial and institutional population density is ‘Individual No.’ employee /customer per
hectare and that the water consumption per capita is given in Table 1. The rate of industrial waste
generation in the process is 25000 liters per day per hectare (l/ha/d). In addition, there is
groundwater infiltration component of 5700 liters per length per day (l/L/d) in the gravity pipes
(05, 06, 08, 12, 14, 15 and 16) during the dry period. There is also an inflow into the sewer system
during the Winter season at manholes (MH 01, 05, 10, 12, 18) (Table 6).

Collection areas for the commercial, institutions and industry land uses in hectares and percent
development at the end of the planning horizon or design period are given in Table 1. The flow in
the main as it enters the manhole (at MH-07, 10 and 12) is given in Table 1. Based on the annual
operating data in a similar area, the respective adjustment factor for Summer and Winter are 1.5
and 0.8. The minimum flow factor is 0.25. The diurnal variation of wastewater flow in various
sources are given in Table 7. Use standard head-loss method to calculate the head loss at the
manholes with coefficient of 0.25.

There are two football fields, with an area of 1.44 hectare each, one near to manhole 13 and the
other near to manhole 18. The local administration has a plan to collect the runoff generated from
the two football fields with the sanitary sewer system. The runoff coefficient of the field is 0.7 and
the intensity of rainfall in the area is 0.5 mm/hr.

Local regulations require the main sewer pipes must have ND ≥ 200 mm. The minimum and
maximum velocity in the sewer pipe, cover depth and hydraulic gradient set by the local
regulation is given in Table 5. Data for system geometry and proposed pump capacities to be used
at the pumping station are given in the table below.

MSc_WSSE Page 1
 SUDS Assignment I 2016

Table 1: Wastewater source loading data

Total Per capita water Area in % development
number/amount consumption (l/d) hectare at the end of the
Node Dry Weather Load
at the end of the design period
design period
MH-02 Home (Average) 1500 Individual No. ---
Laundromat per
-- Individual No. + 10 ---
machine
MH-03 Municipal store -- 60 0.5 89
Condominium 400 Individual No. + 50 ---
MH-04 Municipal store --- 60 0.4 80
Condominium 880 Individual No. + 50 ---
MH-05 Office -- 75 1.0 95
Hospital 280 bed 75 l/bed/d ---
Condominium 205 Individual No. + 10 ---
MH-06 Coffee shop -- 50 0.05 92
MH-07 Home (Average) 3,130 Individual No. ---
Condominium 780 Individual No. + 50 ---
Direct load from
178,900 --- ---
upstream (l/d)
MH-08 Home (Average living st) 300 Individual No. ---
MH-09 Home (Average) 180 Individual No. ---
MH-10 Home (Average) 120 Individual No. ---
Direct load from
240,000 --- ---
upstream (l/d)
MH-11 Home (Average) 120 Individual No. ---
MH-12 Home (Average) 140 Individual No. ---
Direct load from
115,000 --- ---
upstream (l/d)
MH-13 Home (Average) 208 Individual No. ---
MH-14 Video center --- 45 0.2 95
MH-15 Kg schools (students) --- 5 ---
MH-16 Hotel --- 80 1.2 100
MH-17 Theater --- 10 ---
MH-18 Medium size industry
300 180 ---
(employee)
MH-18 Medium size industry 12000 lit/hec/d --- 2.5 100

MSc_WSSE Page 2
 SUDS Assignment I 2016

Table 2: Gravity pipe data

Pipe Length (m) Section Shape Material Pipe Length (m) Section Shape Material
P-01 19.6 Circular Concrete P-10 72 Circular Concrete
P-02 52.5 Circular Concrete P-11 85.5 Circular Concrete
P-03 66 Circular Concrete P-12 75 Circular Concrete
P-04 66.5 Circular Concrete P-13 85.5 Circular Concrete
P-05 57 Circular Concrete P-14 69.5 Circular Concrete
P-06 59.5 Circular Concrete P-15 78.5 Circular Concrete
P-07 84.5 Circular Concrete P-16 87.5 Circular Concrete
P-08 77.5 Circular Concrete P-17 53 Circular Concrete
P-09 79 Circular Concrete P-18 60 Circular Concrete

Table 3: Pressure pipe data

Pipe Upstream Node Downstream Node Length (m) Material Minor loss coeff
FM- -- WW-1 Pump 0.5 Ductile Iron 0.04
FM- -- Pump J-1 2 Ductile Iron 0.59
FM-07 J-1 O-1 526 Ductile Iron 0

Table 4: Proposed pump capacity data

Discharge Discharge Head
Pump 1 Head (m) Pump 2
(m3/s) (m3/s) (m)
Shutoff 0 18 Shutoff 0 12
Design 4 12 Design 1.5 8
Max. operating 6 0 Max. operating 2.25 0

Table 5: Design constraint data (automatic design for gravity portion of the sewer system)
Minimum Maximum unit
Velocity 0.61 3.50 m/s
Cover 0.5 4.00 m
Slope 0.0025 0.10 m/m

Table 6: 5-year storm hydrograph data at manholes 01, 05, 07, 10, 12, 17, 18
Time from start (hr) Flow (m³/min)
0 0
3 0.02
9 0.08
12 0.18
15 0.12
18 0.06
21 0.03
24 0

MSc_WSSE Page 3
 SUDS Assignment I 2016

Table 7: Diurnal wastewater flow variation in different sources

Residential Institutional
Time from start (hr) Multiplier Time from start (hr) Multiplier
3 0.8 3 0.6
6 1.6 6 0.8
9 1.3 9 1.6
12 1.2 12 1.6
15 1 15 1.4
18 1.4 18 0.8
21 1.1 21 0.6
24 0.6 24 0.4
Commercial
Time from start (hr) Multiplier The medium size industry works at
3 0.4 constant capacity 12 hours a day,
between 6 a.m and 6 p.m.
6 0.4
9 0.6
12 0.8
15 1
18 1.2
21 1.5
24 0.4

Dry weather load Diurnal variation

Condominium Residential
Coffee shop Commercial
Municipal store Commercial
Hospital Institutional
Direct load (l/d) Fixed
Home (Average living standard) Residential
Hotel Institutional
Laundromat per machine Commercial
Office Institutional
Kg schools Institutional
Theater Commercial
Video center Commercial
Medium size industry (employee) Residential

MSc_WSSE Page 4
 SUDS Assignment I 2016

Question:
1. Use MS-Excel, design only the gravity wastewater collection system using:
a. traditional approach to self-cleansing
b. tractive force approach to self-cleansing
2. Using SewerCAD:
a. Design the sewerage system
b. For the selection of pumps in ‘a’, find out the optimum schedule of manual operation that
can reduce the pressure variation in the system during 24 hours.
c. There is residential redevelopment in the vicinity of manhole 08 with 5200 inhabitants.
Specific water consumption of Individual No l/c/d is selected as a design parameter
assuming the same diurnal pattern for residential (Figure 7). What will be the maximum
peak wastewater generation into manhole 08 after the residential area is developed? Test
the conditions during the maximum generation hour and identify sewer network element
in the system having problem. If required, find out additional pumping capacity by
modifying the existing and/or adding maximum two new pump units. In addition,
redesign the existing sewer pipe downstream of manhole 08 by considering maximum of
two new pipes to be installed in parallel to restore the system.

Note: You can reasonably assume any data required but not included/given.

Required report:
The following reports shall be submitted by each student.
1. Report showing procedure followed in the design process and the comparison result using
the two design approaches (MS-excel)
2. Report showing procedure followed in the design process and analysis of the result using
SewerCAD model and brief description on some points:
− where the minimum and maximum constraints could not be met and give your own
recommendation on how to handle such situations.
3. Summary result for manholes and pipes (include only important information).

Submission date: January 05 and 25, 2017

MSc_WSSE Page 5
Figure 1: Urban wastewater collection system layout