5520 AMS Release 9-3-10 Glossary

Alcatel-Lucent 5520
ACCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM| RELEASE 9.3.10

SOLUTION GLOSSARY
3 JL- 0 10 01 - CAAA -W DZ Z A E d i t io n 0 1
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Preface
The 5520 AMS provides fault, configuration, and performance management of the
underlying access networks, using a GUI and hierarchical tree navigation. The
5520 AMS also supports network-productivity features such as equipment profile
management, NE backup and restore, and NE software management.
Documentation
The 5520 AMS Release Notice describes changes or enhancements made to the
software and its features, as well as information about delivery, compatibility, and
customer documentation.
The 5520 AMS Solution Planning Guide describes planning the purchase and
configuration of hardware and software to support the deployment of the 5520 AMS.
The 5520 AMS Server Configuration Technical Guidelines describes how to prepare
hardware for installation of the 5520 AMS, including information about installing
the server, setting up a cluster and configuring a network.
The 5520 AMS Installation and Migration Guide describes how to install, optimize,
and uninstall the 5520 AMS server, client, and plug-in components as well as how to
migrate data to the 5520 AMS from other element management systems.
The 5520 AMS Administrator Guide describes administrative functions, including
management of server-client communication, users, NE communication, schedules,
links and codes.
The 5520 AMS User Guide describes user functions, including monitoring, fault, and
alarm management and performing tasks that are common to all NEs.
The 5520 AMS Northbound Interface Guide describes functions supported by the
5520 AMS NBI.
Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10 June 2014 iii
3JL-01001-CAAA-WDZZA Edition 01 Solution Glossary
Preface
The 5520 AMS Solution Glossary provides descriptions of terms and acronyms
related to the 5520 AMS and 5529 Enhanced Applications.
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Contact information
If you have questions or comments about this documentation, contact:
documentation.feedback@alcatel-lucent.com
iv June 2014 Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10

Solution Glossary Edition 01 3JL-01001-CAAA-WDZZA
Table of contents
Table of contents
Preface
Documentation ........................................................................................ iii
Multiple PDF file search .............................................................................. iv
Procedure 1 To search multiple PDF files for a term ........................................ iv
Contact information .................................................................................. iv
Solution Glossary
Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10 June 2014 v

Table of contents
v June 2014 Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10

Solution Glossary
This chapter contains a list of 5520 AMS and 5529 Enhanced Applications
acronyms and their expansions and definitions.
Numerics
100Base-TX An IEEE 802.3 LAN transmission standard for Fast Ethernet. Data is carried
at 100 Mb/s over two pairs of shielded twisted-pair or Category 5 unshielded
twisted-pair wire.
5520 AMS 5520 Access Management System
The Alcatel-Lucent Solaris and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) based,
client-server architecture controller for various NE systems.
5523 AWS 5523 ADSL WorkStation
The 5523 AWS is a legacy element management platform that managed the
Alcatel-Lucent DSLAM platforms. It provided the following basic services:
configuration management, alarm handling, performance management and
security aspects. It also provided basic support for the provisioning of new
services.
5529 APC 5529 Access Provisioning Center
The 5529 APC is an Enhanced Application that integrates with the
5520 AMS server and that helps you automate daily operations for the
service provisioning of access NEs, such as DSLAMs and GPON NEs,
either through specialized GUIs or through an XML/SOAP Northbound
Interface.
Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10 June 2014 GL-1
Solution Glossary
5529 Enhanced A set of optional products that expand the management capabilities provided
Applications by the 5520 AMS. Each application provides a specific management
function. The supported applications are:
• 5529 Access Provisioning Center
• 5529 Inventory Data Manager
• 5529 Large-scale Release Manager
• 5529 OSS Alarm Dispatcher
• 5529 Statistics and Data Collector
See 5529 APC, 5529 IDM, 5529 LRM, 5529 OAD, and 5529 SDC.
5529 IDM 5529 Inventory Data Manager
The 5529 IDM is an Enhanced Application that integrates with the
5520 AMS server, and facilitates the retrieval and management of inventory
data.
5529 LRM 5529 Large-scale Release Manager
The 5529 LRM is an Enhanced Application that allows you to plan and
perform upgrades on large numbers of NEs concurrently from a single
operator position, and monitor the upgrades as they proceed to completion.
5529 OAD 5529 OSS Alarm Dispatcher
The 5529 OAD is an Enhanced Application that provides an XML/SOAP
interface to retrieve active alarms or alarm counts, and to subscribe to
notifications.
5529 SDC 5529 Statistics and Data Collector
The 5529 SDC collects and stores NE-related statistics on a network-wide
basis.
5530 NA-C 5530 Network Analyzer-Copper
5530 NA-F 5530 Network Analyzer-Fiber
5750 SSC 5750 Subscriber Services Controller
The 5750 SSC administers centralized, reliable, flexible control to deploy
user-driven and user-centric triple play broadband services.
7300 ASAM Alcatel-Lucent 7300 Advanced Services Access Manager; see ASAM.
7301 ASAM Alcatel-Lucent 7301 Advanced Services Access Manager; see ASAM.
7302 ISAM Alcatel-Lucent 7302 Intelligent Services Access Manager; see ISAM.
A standalone xDSL multiplexer designed for the rapid deployment of
high-bandwidth IP services between high-bandwidth, optical fiber-based
transmission media, and copper-based xDSL subscribers.
GL-2 June 2014 Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10
Solution Glossary
7302 ISAM xVPS 7302 ISAM with Voice Package

The 7302 ISAM with integrated voice services provides VoIP media
gateway functionality to the 7302 ISAM family.
7330 ISAM FTTN Alcatel-Lucent 7330 Intelligent Services Access Manager Fiber to the Node;
see ISAM.
A standalone xDSL multiplexer designed for the rapid deployment of
high-bandwidth IP services between high-bandwidth, optical fiber-based
transmission media, and copper-based xDSL subscribers.
7342 ISAM FTTU Alcatel-Lucent 7342 ISAM Fiber to the User; see ISAM.
The 7342 ISAM FTTU uses GPON technology to provide a high-speed
access network for single-family residences and multi-dwelling units.
7353 ISAM FTTB 7353 ISAM Fiber to the Building; see ISAM.
7354 ISAM FTTB RU Alcatel-Lucent 7354 ISAM Fiber to the Building Remote Unit; see ISAM.
7356 ISAM FTTB Alcatel-Lucent 7356 Intelligent Services Access Manager Fiber to the
Building; see ISAM.
7360 ISAM FX 7360 Intelligent Services Access Manager FX
The 7360 ISAM FX system is a frame-based multi-service access
platform, offering high-density fiber connections for multimedia,
high-speed Internet access, voice, and business services. It uses EPON tech-
nology.
802.1x An authentication standard for clients connecting to an IEEE 802 network
such as Ethernet access networks and 802.11 public wireless LANs. The
standard specifies a mechanism to exchange EAP messages between an
Ethernet supplicant and an Ethernet authenticator that controls the
operational state of the ports.
802.3x A flow control standard for full duplex Ethernet networks. The standard
allows receiving connections to control the transmission rate of sending
connections by sending PAUSE frames to a reserved multicast MAC
address.
AACU ADSL Alarm Control Unit

A card that performs alarm control functions and provides connectivity for
a craft terminal and Ethernet 10Base-T connectivity for maintenance access.
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
Protocol used by ATM to segment and reassemble data for insertion into an
ATM cell; also performs error checking and correction.
AAL2 ATM Adaptation Layer 2
Type 2 class of AAL service, characterized by voice and video transfer.
Solution Glossary
AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5

Type 5 class of AAL service, characterized by high-speed data transfer.
AAL5 transforms higher layer PDUs into multiple ATM cells with minimal
error checking and no error detection.
ACL Access Control List
An access control list, also known as a filter policy, is a template applied to
a service or port to control ingress or egress network traffic based on IP and
MAC matching criteria. Filters are applied to services to examine packets
that enter or exit a SAP or network interface. An ACL policy can be used on
multiple interfaces. The same filter can apply to ingress and egress traffic.
Active site The site where the 5520 AMS configuration is fully operational. There can
be only one active site.
ACU Alarm Control Unit
A component located on the optical line termination (OLT) shelf that
collects rack alarms, controls top rack unit alarm displays, and provides an
alarm interface to the central office alarm system.
ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
Technology that enables high-speed asymmetric data transmission between
two modems, one at a service provider location and one at the subscriber
premises, over a single twisted-pair copper telephone wire. There is more
than one type of ADSL; collectively, the different types of ADSL (for
example, ADSL, ADSL2, READSL) are referred to as multi-ADSL.
ADSL2 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line 2
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AI Application Intelligence
AID Access Identifier
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
A code sent downstream in a digital network to indicate that a traffic-related
defect has been detected. It is also known as a yellow alarm. See also RAI.
Alarm An alarm is a message generated by an NE and created as a result of an event,
such as an interface status change. Alarms that currently exist (as opposed to
alarms that existed in the past) are referred to as standing alarms.
ALOM Advanced Lights Out Manager
ALOM is a system controller for remote out-of-band management of
Oracle® servers.
AMS See 5520 AMS.
Solution Glossary
ANCP Access Node Control Protocol

ANCP is an IP-based protocol used in DSL networks. ANCP is an extension
of GSMP.
ANI Access to Network Interface
ANM Access Network Module
A card in the G6 voice gateway that provides an interface to the VoIP
network.
ANSI American National Standards Institute
A nonprofit, nongovernmental body supported by over 1000 trade
organizations, professional societies, and companies; ANSI was established
for the creation of voluntary industry standards.
APC See 5529 APC.
API Application Program Interface
APIPE ATM PIPE
APS Automatic Protection Switchover
Arbiter server An arbiter server can be optionally installed in a cluster. The arbiter decides,
on a first-come first serve basis, which of the data servers in the cluster will
be the active server.
In a geographically-redundant installation, an OSS can also serve as an
arbiter server. This arbiter monitors the health state of the active site and
triggers a site switchover if the active site is down.
Argument A 5529 APC template argument is an attribute that can have a value defined
when a web service is invoked. If a value is not defined, the default value
that can be defined at template creation is assigned.
See also Virtual argument.
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
A protocol within TCP/IP that maps IP addresses to Ethernet
MAC addresses. TCP/IP requires ARP for use with Ethernet.
AS Autonomous System
A collection of networks administered by a common network management
organization. AS describes a self-contained set of networks that share a
common external policy with respect to connectivity, or networks that
operate within the same administrative domain.
Solution Glossary
ASAM Advanced Services Access Manager

An Alcatel-Lucent DSLAM that delivers ATM-based services and provides
an OC-3c interface to the network side and ATM multiplexing and LT
interfaces to the customer side. The ASAM also provides an OC-3c interface
to remote multiplexing equipment.
See also 7300 ASAM and 7301 ASAM.
ASAT Alarm Severity Assignment Template
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATPR Aggregate Transmit Power Reduction
ATPRT Total Aggregate Transmit Power Reduction
ATU ADSL Transceiver Unit
Autosigned A method of automatically signing SSL and PKI certificates, rather than
forcing the signing of certificates each time there is an SSL or a PKI
transaction.
AVG Argument Value Generator
A 5529 APC plug-in which automatically generates arguments in templates.
These plug-ins are installed within the AVG plug-in container, which is
installed on the 5529 APC. These plug-ins are typically created by customers
to meet specific needs.
Availability Availability is a measure of a system’s ability to deliver its capabilities when
needed. The availability of a system is measured by the ratio of the time it is
available to the sum of the available time and the time during which it is
unable to perform the required services. The ratio is expressed as a
percentage. Typically the time frame for calculation spans multiple years.
AWS See 5523 AWS.
Axis A framework for constructing SOAP processors such as OSS clients.
BA Basic Access
BAC Buffer Acceptance Control
BAS Broadband Access Server
Basic template A 5529 APC basic template is a template that does not include other
templates. A basic template can be included in a composite template.
See also Composite template.
BE Best Effort
Solution Glossary
BER Bit Error Rate

Measure of transmission quality expressed as the percentage of received bits
in error compared to the total number of bits received.
BERT Bit Error Rate Tester
A device used to test the quality of a connection for communication.
BFD Bidirectional Forward Detection
It is a network protocol used to detect faults between two forwarding engines
connected by a link.
BFMU Background Fast MIB Update
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
An IETF standard external gateway protocol that propagates routing
information between autonomous systems.
bin file A file created by reading a smart card using a programmer, which contains
both the CAM ID and ZKT table for the card as well as the contents of the
EEPROM of the card.
Binary A numbering system with only two values: 0 (zero) and 1 (one)
BITS Building Integrated Timing Source
A clock that supplies a composite clock timing reference to all other clocks
in a building over BITS clock cables.
BLB Board-Level Bonding
A bonding group type that is supported on two xDSL ports that do not have
to be adjacent but do need to be on the same LT card.
BONT Business ONT
BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol
A member of the IP family of protocols that allows a diskless client machine
to learn, among other information, its IP address. BOOTP starts a networked
machine by reading boot information from a server. BOOTP is commonly
used for desktop workstations and LAN hubs.
BPA Backplane Assembly
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit
BPDU is the frame that LAN bridges supporting the 802.1d STP use to
communicate with each other.
BR Backup and Restore
BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server
A termination device (commonly called an aggregation router) that
terminates PPP over ATM connections.
Solution Glossary
BSS BSS can be explained in two ways:

1 Basic Server Set
2 Business Support Systems
The business support systems that a telephone operator or telephone
company uses to run its business operations; for example, managing
customer data and billing.
C-VLAN Customer VLAN

CA Certification Authority
A certification authority is a party that issues and signs digital certificates.
CAC Connection Admission Control
CAC is the set of actions taken by the network during the call setup phase
(or during call renegotiation phase) to determine whether a connection
request can be accepted or should be rejected (or whether a request for
reallocation can be accommodated).
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CBS Committed Burst Size
CC Cross Connection
CCSA China Communications Standards Association
CCSA is a non-profit legal organization established to produce standards
integration in information and communications technology across China.
CD Compact Disc
CDE CDE can be expanded in two ways:
1 Customer Dependent Engineering
2 Common Desktop Environment
CDL Coded Digital Locator

CDVT Cell Delay Variation Tolerance
The CDVT is the upper limit of allowable cell delay variation. When cells
from two or more ATM connections are multiplexed, cells of an ATM
connection may be delayed while the cells of another ATM connection are
inserted at the output of the multiplexer. Similarly, some cells may be
delayed while physical layer overhead or OAM cells are inserted.
Consequently, some randomness may affect the inter-arrival time between
consecutive cells of a connection as monitored at the UNI.
CES Circuit Emulation Services
Solution Glossary
CEV Controlled Environmental Vault

Temperature- and humidity-controlled underground vault that houses
components at a remote location.
CFG Configuration, as in CFG mode
CFM CFM can be expanded in two ways:
1 Connectivity Fault Management
CFM is an Ethernet OAM capability for testing network connectivity at
Layer 2. CFM allows service providers or network operators to verify
and isolate link and NE faults on a bridged network. CFM is specified in
the standard IEEE 802.1ag.
2 Cubic Feet per Minute
CGI Common Gateway Interface

CGI is a non-Java technique for sending data from HTML in browsers to
server programs that are written in C, Python, Tcl, or Perl.
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
A PPP authentication method for identifying a dial-in user. The user is given
an unpredictable number and challenged to respond with an encrypted
version. CHAP does not itself prevent unauthorized access; it only identifies
the remote end.
CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing
An IP addressing scheme that replaces the older addressing system based on
Classes A, B, and C. With CIDR, a single IP address can be used to designate
many unique IP addresses. CIDR allows the assignment of Class C IP
addresses in contiguous blocks.
CIF Configuration Init Failure
CIR CIR can be expanded in two ways:
1 Committed Information Rate
2 Cell Insertion Ratio
CIST Common or Internal Spanning Tree

CL CL can be expanded in two ways:
1 Controlled Load
CL is an IP forwarding behavior that provides a data flow with a QoS
closely approximating the QoS that same flow would receive from an
unloaded network, but uses CAC to assure that this service is received
even when the network is overloaded.
2 Cleared alarm
Solution Glossary
CLB Chipset-Level Bonding

A bonding group type that is supported on two xDSL ports that must be
adjacent (for example, port x and port x+1).
CLEI Common Language Equipment Identifier
A 10-character code used to identify telecommunications equipment. The
10-character structure, outlined in the Telcordia specification, specifies the
basic product type, features, source document, and associated drawings and
versions. A CLEI code is unique to a specific piece of equipment. CLEI
codes conform to ANSI standards.
CLI Command Line Interface
Client A client is a device, system, code, or process that initiates a method on an
object or requests a service from another computer system or process.
Cluster A set of 5520 AMS application and data servers connected over a LAN to
balance processing loads and provide local redundancy support. A cluster
can be a 5520 AMS site.
A 5529 APC deployment model in which 5529 APC is installed on all the
nodes in a 5520 AMS cluster. See also Single-server.
CMDU Customer Multi-Dwelling Unit
CO Central Office
Telephone switching center that connects subscribers within a telephone
network.
Cold standby Type of redundancy in which the standby server is started if the active server
fails. The standby server receives backups at intervals from the active server.
Since data replication is not automatic, there is the possibility of data loss.
Composite template A 5529 APC composite template consists of multiple basic templates.
See also Basic template.
CoS Class of Service
A method of managing traffic in a network by grouping similar types of
traffic together and treating each type as a class with its own level of service
priority.
CP Customer Premise
CPCS Common Part Convergence Sublayer
The portion of the convergence sublayer of an AAL that remains the same
regardless of traffic.
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
Customer-owned telecommunications equipment at customer premises used
to terminate or process information from the public network.
Solution Glossary
CPU Central Processing Unit

The part of a computer that performs the logic computational and
decision-making functions.
CR Critical alarm
Cron A UNIX utility that executes commands in a crontab file at a specified time
and date. Cron is used to schedule such functions as backup and maintenance
procedures.
CRV Call Reference Value
CSV Comma-Separated Values
A file format used for storing tabular data. Each line in a .csv file
corresponds to a table row, and commas are used to separate entries on each
line according to their corresponding table column.
CTAG Correlation Tag
The CTAG correlates the command response with the original command.
DB Database
DBMS Database Management System
A software program that stores, organizes, retrieves, and manages data in a
database. Common DBMS features include querying, backup and
replication, rule enforcement, and access management and logging.
DC Direct Current
An electric current that flows in one direction only.
DCE Data Circuit Terminating Equipment
DCN Data Communication Network
DDL Data Definition Language
A language that describes the levels of the target database management
system and their respective mappings.
Degraded Status that indicates that the 5520 AMS is operating, but problems exist. In
a cluster, at least one server is running as the MySQL master, one JBoss
process is running and one server has the AMS service running.
DES Data Encryption Standard
An ANSI symmetric-key encryption method that uses a 56-bit key and the
block cipher method, which breaks text into 64-bit blocks and then encrypts
them. DES was standardized by ANSI in 1981 as ANSI X.3.92.
Solution Glossary
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

A client/server service that is an extension of the BOOTP protocol. DHCP
simplifies the configuration of a client workstation since no IP addresses,
subnet masks, default gateways, domain names, or DNSs must be
programmed. With DHCP, this information is dynamically leased from the
DHCP server for a predefined amount of time. Because the information is
stored on a server, it centralizes IP address management, reduces the number
of IP addresses to be used, and simplifies maintenance. RFC 2131 defines
DHCP.
DIP log Discarded IP Packet log
DLM Dynamic Line Management
DLM is an automated process that evaluates DSL port behavior based on
5529 APC service templates, and determines whether a profile switch can
improve port performance or stability.
DN Distinguished Name
A unique identifier for entries in LDAP directories. Each DN consists of the
entry’s Relative Distinguished Name (RDN), which is constructed from one
or more attributes in the entry, and is followed by the DN of the parent entry.
DNS Domain Name Server
DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
Downstream Transmission from the network to the customer location.
DPBO Downstream Power Backoff
DS Downstream
DS0 Digital Signal Level-0
A worldwide standard for PCM digitized voice. It operates at 64 kb/s.
DS1 Digital Signal Level-1
A digital circuit with a total bandwidth or transmission speed of 1.544 Mb/s.
The trunk level-1 standard of 1.544 Mb/s is in support of 24-voice
conversations each encoded at 64 kb/s.
DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point
A six-bit value encoded in the type of service field of an IP packet header. It
identifies the CoS that the packet should receive.
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
A DSLAM card converts xDSL signals into PTM traffic. For a service
management application, if the service user is connected to the PTM
network through a DSLAM port, the network access is provisioned using a
DSLAM attachment type.
Solution Glossary
DSLAM provider See NE provider.

DSLAM selector See NE selector.
DSLF Digital Subscriber Line Forum
DSP Digital Signaling Processing
DST Daylight Savings Time
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
E1 European Digital Signal Level-1

A level 1 digital trunk operating at 2.048 Mbps that is used outside of North
America and Japan. E1 is made up of 32 DS0 channels. Channel 0 is
reserved for framing and alarm information and channel 16 is usually used
for signaling. The remaining 30 channels are used to carry data.
EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
Provides a generalized framework for different types of authentication
methods. This allows access devices to hand off authentication packets to an
authentication system, such as a RADIUS server, without knowing the
authentication method used.
EAPOL Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN
ECID Ethernet Circuit ID
EDT Eastern Daylight Time
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
A semiconductor device that provides non-volatile memory that can be
electronically erased and reprogrammed.
EFM Ethernet in the First Mile
EFM is a set of copper- and fiber-based access technologies that are based
on Ethernet packet transport. Refers to the collection of technologies being
standardized by the IEEE to deliver Ethernet to the end user.
EHNT/EXNT Ethernet-based High-capacity Network Termination
A plug-in unit that provides a link to an Ethernet-based network. The
7342 ISAM FTTU uses the EHNT or EXNT NT card for network
termination.
EJB Enterprise JavaBeans
Used to describe a session bean, which is a Java object tied into system
services to provide session management functionality. EJB technology is the
architecture on the server side for the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition.
Solution Glossary
EMAN Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network

EML Element Management Layer
EML IM Element Management Layer Information Manager
An EML IM is a 5523 AWS or 5520 AMS workstation.
EML provider An EML provider is a type of NE provider. An EML provider is the 5523
AWS or 5520 AMS element management system for 7300 ASAM, 7301
ASAM, 7302 ISAM, 7330 ISAM, and 7342 ISAM FTTU NEs.
EMS Element Management System
ENET Ethernet
ENV alarm Environmental alarm
A message generated by an NE as a result of an event, such as changes in
power, temperature, and water levels.
EOC Embedded Operations Channel
EPIPE Ethernet-PIPE services
EPON Ethernet Passive Optical Networking
EPS Equipment Protection Switching
The capability of physical equipment to detect a failure on a working facility
and switch to a protection facility to recover the traffic, thus increasing
overall system availability.
EQPT Equipment Unit (including power systems)
ES ES can be expanded in two ways:
1 Errored Seconds
A 1 s interval with one or more error events.
2 Expansion Shelf
ESM Extended Subscriber Module

ETE End-To-End
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
The European counterpart to ANSI. Established to produce
telecommunication standards integration in the European community for
users, manufacturers, suppliers, and Post Telephone and Telegraph
administration.
Event A notification message that is generated by an NE to indicate that the NE has
changed state. For example, a TL1 event is generated if a 7342 ISAM FTTU
enters an alarm state.
Solution Glossary
Fault A fault is a failure or defect in a network, causing the network, or part of the
network, to malfunction.
FCM Fan Control Module
A card in the G6 voice gateway.
FCS Frame Check Sequence
A cyclic redundancy check that determines errors in data packet
transmissions.
FD-REM Flexible Density Remote Expansion Module
FDB FDB can be expanded in two ways:
1 Forwarding Database
The forwarding database is the database comprised of source and
destination MAC addresses used for the transparent bridge forwarding
operation.
2 Filtering Database
The filtering database is the database comprised of source MAC
addresses along with source segments used for the transparent Ethernet
bridge filtering operation.
FDN Fully Distinguished Name

FEC Forward Error Correction
It is a technique used for controlling errors in data transmission over
unreliable or noisy communication channels.
FG Feature Group
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTTN Fiber To The Node
Combined fiber and copper access system in which fiber extends towards
remote NEs in the network so that the remaining loop over copper is reduced
in length and brought in line with the need for higher bandwidth.
FTTU Fiber To The User
A high-speed fiber-optic cable technology for delivery of broadband
services to home or office over an Ethernet passive optical network (PON).
Solution Glossary
G6 GENBAND G6 Universal Media Gateway

A carrier-class telecommunications platform that supports voice over IP
using Megaco H.248 protocol to TDM Class 5 switches.
GBE See Gigabit Ethernet.
Gbyte A unit of information or computer storage (derived from the SI prefix giga-)
equal to one billion bytes.
GE See Gigabit Ethernet.
GEM GPON Encapsulated Module
GFR Guaranteed Frame Rate
Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet describes various technologies for transmitting Ethernet
frames at a rate of one gigabit (one billion bits) per second.
GMDU GPON Multi-Dwelling Unit
The GMDU ONT type includes the modular ONT.
GMQ General Membership Query
A router sends a GMQ to find out if there are any participants in the
connection.
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network
GR303 A protocol that defines a voice interface between a digital loop carrier and a
Class 5 switch.
GSBU GPON Small Business Unit
The GSBU ONT type includes the BONT and SOHO outdoor ONT.
GSFU GPON Single Family Unit
The GSFU ONT type includes the SFU indoor and outdoor ONTs.
GSIP GPON SIP
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
GSMP General Switch Management Protocol
GUI Graphical User Interface
A GUI is a computer user interface that incorporates graphics to make
software easier to use.
Solution Glossary
GW Gateway
A device that performs an application layer conversion of information from
one protocol stack to another protocol stack.
H.248 H.248 is a protocol described by ITU-T recommendation H.248 and IETF

RFC 3015. The H248 card and a media gateway controller communicate
using this protocol.
See Megaco.
HDM Home Device Manager
HDSL High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line
HDSL delivers 1.544 Mb/s of bandwidth each way over two copper twisted
pairs. Because HDSL provides T1 speed, telephone companies use HDSL to
provision local access to T1 services when possible. The operating range of
HDSL is limited to 12 000 ft (3658.5 m), so signal repeaters are installed to
extend the service.
H/W See HW.
Healthy Status that indicates that the server or cluster is operating as expected.
Heartbeat A periodic signal that is sent by a process under supervision to indicate the
process is still running.
High availability High availability is a system availability of 99.996% or higher.
See Availability.
Hot standby Type of redundancy in which the active and standby servers run
simultaneously. Data is replicated to the standby server so that the servers
are always in sync. If the primary server fails, switchover to the standby
server is automatic.
HPNA Home Phoneline Networking Alliance
An industry standard for interconnecting computers in a home using
telephone lines and registered jacks. All of the components of a home
network can interact over the telephone wiring without disturbing the voice
or fax services.
HSI High-Speed Internet
HTML HyperText Markup Language
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
HTTPS Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol
HW Hardware
Solution Glossary
I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit

I2C is a serial single-ended computer bus used to attach low-speed
peripherals to a motherboard, embedded system, or cell phone.
IACM Intelligent Access Control Module
An agent of the NE that represents the NT database.
IAD Integrated Access Device
A device that multiplexes a variety of communications technologies in the
customer premises onto a single telephone line for transmission to the
carrier. It also demultiplexes the incoming streams into their respective
channels. The term often refers to a device that handles only DSL traffic,
mixing both voice and data over the DSL.
iBridge Intelligent Bridging mode. Also known as residential bridging mode.
ICL Issue Control List
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
ICMP is a protocol that sends and receives the control and error messages
that manage the behavior of the TCP/IP protocol stack. ICMP is defined in
RFC 792 and RFC 950.
ID Identifier or Identification
IDEA International Data Encryption Algorithm
A symmetric-key encryption method that uses a 128-bit key and the block
cipher method, which breaks text into 64-bit blocks and then encrypts them.
IDM See 5529 IDM.
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
A worldwide engineering publishing and standards-making body
responsible for defining many of the standards used in the computer,
electrical, and electronics industries.
IES Internet Enhanced Service
A routed connectivity service where the subscriber communicates with an IP
router interface to send and receive Internet traffic.
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
The IETF is the organization that provides the coordination of standards and
specification development for TCP/IP networking.
IG Interface Group
Solution Glossary
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol

A protocol used between hosts and multicast routers on a single physical
network to establish hosts’ membership in particular multicast groups.
Version 2 of IGMP is described in RFC 2236.
IGS IGMP system on the SHub
IHub Intelligent Hub
The IHub subsystem has enhanced VPLS-based layer 2 functionality and
VRF-based layer 3 functionality, and consists of a 10 Gigabit Ethernet
switch/router device and IHub control software.
IKE Internet Key Exchange
An IPSec standard protocol used to ensure security for VPN negotiation and
remote host or network access.
ILOM Integrated Lights Out Manager
ILOM is an Oracle® SPARC firmware that enables you to monitor and
manage server components.
IMA Inverse Multiplexing over ATM
An algorithm that provides modular bandwidth for user access to ATM
networks over multiple links.
INP Impulse Noise Protection
IP Internet Protocol
Connectionless packet-switching protocol that works together with TCP.
IP address A unique address that certain electronic devices use to identify and
communicate with each other on a computer network utilizing the IP stan-
dard.
IPMP IP Network Multipathing
IPMP is a Solaris facility to provide fault-tolerance and load spreading for
NICs. Each network connection is assigned a primary and a secondary NIC.
The system will switch over to the secondary NIC if the primary NIC fails.
IPoA Internet Protocol over ATM
IPoE Internet Protocol over Ethernet
IPoX IPoA or IPoE
IPSec Internet Protocol Security
An IETF network layer security standard for the encryption and
authentication of IP packet data.
Solution Glossary
IPTV IP Video/Television
The delivery of video services over an end-to-end IP infrastructure. IPTV
can include various classes of video services, such as video on demand,
broadcast TV, video conferencing, and mobile video.
IQ Internal Queueing
IS In Service
IS-IS Intermediate-System-to-Intermediate-System
An ISO link-state routing protocol.
ISAM Intelligent Services Access Manager
The Intelligent Services Access Manager is an xDSL access multiplexer that
operates in a packet aggregation network. The ISAM enables deployment of
triple-play services, such as video on demand, high-definition TV, and
broadcast TV services for all subscribers simultaneously.
See also 7302 ISAM, 7302 ISAM xVPS, 7330 ISAM FTTN,
7342 ISAM FTTU, 7353 ISAM FTTB, 7354 ISAM FTTB RU, 7360 ISAM
FX, and ISAM-V.
ISAM-V Intelligent Service Access Manager with Voice
iSCSI Internet Small Computer System Interface
iSCSI is an IP-based storage networking standard. It carries SCSI commands
over large networks.
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
An ISDN is a single twisted-pair that supports full-duplex transmission at a
bit rate of 160 kb/s (144 kb/s for 2B+D data, 12 kb/s for framing and error
correction, and 4 kb/s for the embedded operations channel).
ISDN BA Integrated Services Digital Network Basic Access
ISDN BRI ISDN Basic Rate Interface
ISDN BRI is the ISDN service used to connect to the Internet; see ISDN.
ISI Internal Server Interface
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISP Internet Service Provider
IT Information Technology
ITMS Information Technology Management Systems
ITSC Integrated Test and Sealing Current
A feature that includes narrowband line testing functionality as well as
sealing current for subscriber lines connected to the ARAM-D shelf.
Solution Glossary
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication

Standardization
Standards organization that develops international telecommunications
recommendations.
IUA ISDN User Adaptation
Provides an SCTP adaptation layer for the backhaul of Q.921 user messages
and service interface across an IP network.
IVPS ISAM-V Universal Voice Packet Server
See xVPS.
IWF Interworking Function
J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition

A set of services, APIs, and protocols that provide the functionality to
develop multi-tiered, web-based application components. J2EE is overseen
by a partnership of enterprise software and computer platform vendors, and
is available on a wide range of platforms.
J2SE Java2 Platform Standard Edition
JBoss A popular open source application server that supports EJB.
JMS Java Message Service
JMX Java Management Extensions
JNDI Java Naming and Directory Interface
JNP Java Network Programming
JRMP Java Remote Method Protocol
JRE Java Runtime Environment
kb/s Kilobits per second

Keystore A Java security framework class that represents an in-memory collection of
keys and trusted certificates.
Solution Glossary
L2 Layer 2
The data link or MAC layer of the OSI model. In networking, it is a
communications protocol that contains the physical address of a client or
server station that is inspected by a bridge or switch.
L2CP Layer 2 Control Protocol
L3 Layer 3
The network layer of the OSI model. In networking, it is a communications
protocol that contains the logical address of a client or server station that is
inspected by a router, which forwards the address through the network. L3
contains a type field so that traffic can be prioritized and forwarded based on
the message type as well as the network destination.
LA Link Aggregation
The use of multiple Ethernet network ports in parallel to increase the link
speed beyond the limits of any one single port, and to increase the
redundancy for higher availability.
LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol
An IEEE specification (802.3ad) that allows you to bundle several physical
ports together to form a single logical channel.
LAG Link Aggregation Group
Two links that are treated by a higher layer as a single logical link to increase
available bandwidth between two NEs. A link aggregation group is the
logical equivalent to a single port. Applications that require a Gigabit
Ethernet port can transparently use a link aggregation group.
LAN Local Area Network
A group of computers or associated devices that share a common
communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor
or server within a small geographic area; for example, within an office
building.
LANX See SHub.
Layer 2 The data link or MAC layer of the OSI model. In networking, it is a
communications protocol that contains the physical address of a client or
server station that is inspected by a bridge or switch.
Layer 3 The network layer of the OSI model. In networking, it is a communications
protocol that contains the logical address of a client or server station that is
inspected by a router, which forwards the address through the network.
Layer 3 contains a type field so that traffic can be prioritized and forwarded
based on the message type as well as the network destination.
LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Solution Glossary
LDAPS Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSL

LDP Label Distribution Protocol
LED Light Emitting Diode
A semiconductor diode that emits light when a current is passed through it.
LER Label Edge Router
LIU Line Interface Unit
LLC Logical Link Control
LLC is the higher of the two data link layer sublayers defined by the IEEE.
The LLC sublayer handles error control, flow control, framing, and
MAC-sublayer addressing. The most common LLC protocol is IEEE 802.2,
which includes connectionless and connection-oriented variants.
LLDP Link Layer Discovery Protocol
LLU Local Loop Unbanding
Local data directory Data that is not required by all servers is stored in the local data directory.
You must configure this directory when installing the 5520 AMS.
LOID Logical ONU ID
LOS Loss of Signal
An indication that no valid signal can be detected at the transmission
interface.
LP A slot in the NE shelf where an applique is installed.
LSA Link State Advertisement.
LSA describes the local state of a device or network, including the state of
the device interfaces and adjacencies. Each LSA is flooded throughout the
routing domain. The collected LSAs of all devices and networks form the
protocol topological database.
LSDB Link State Database
A link state database computes network routes after each change of topology
that has been reported by the routing protocol.
LSM Line Server Module
A generic term including xDSL line interface modules and any other server
application-specific module.
LSP Label Switched Path
An LSP supports MPLS functionality and allows network operators to
perform traffic engineering.
Solution Glossary
LSP EXP Label Switched Path EXP

EXP refers to EXP-bits, experimental bits in MPLS header.
LSR Label Switched Router
An MPLS NE that runs MPLS control protocols and is capable of
forwarding packets based on labels. An MPLS NE may also be capable of
forwarding native layer 3 packets.
LT Line Termination
LV Logical Volume
LVM Logical Volume Manager
Manages disk drives and similar mass-storage devices for the Linux kernel.
m-VPLS Management VPLS

MAC Media Access Control
A sublayer of the data link layer, defined in IEEE 802.2 specifications, that
is responsible for accessing the LAN medium. The MAC layer handles the
recognition and identification of individual network devices. Every
computer and network NE has a MAC address that is hardware-encoded.
Master database Within a site, only one MySQL server is active. This is the master database
server server. At startup, the MySQL server on the preferred data server is the
master.
MB Megabyte
Mb/s Megabit(s) per second
MD5 Message Digest 5
A security algorithm that takes an input message of arbitrary length and
produces as an output a 128-bit message digest of the input. MD5 is a hash
function algorithm (or so-called message-digest algorithm) intended for
digital signature applications, in a context where data integrity is required
but strong collision resistance is unnecessary (for example, a message within
a strict communication protocol).
MDU Multi-Dwelling Unit
MEF 8 Metro Ethernet Forum 8 - CES implementation
MELT Metallic Ended Line Test
MEP Maintenance End Points
Megaco Media Gateway Control Protocol
MG Media Gateway
Solution Glossary
MGC Media Gateway Controller

A media gateway converts media provided in one type of network to the
format required in another type of network. For example, a media gateway
could terminate bearer channels from a circuit-switched network and media
streams from a packet-switched network.
MHF MIP Half Function
MIB Management Information Base
A database of network performance information that is stored on a network
agent for access by a network management station.
MIP Maintenance Intermediate Points
MJ Major alarm
MLT Metallic Line Test
MLM Mass Line Modification
MN Minor alarm
MoCA Multimedia over Coax Alliance
MONT Modular ONT
MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching
A technology in which forwarding decisions are based on fixed-length labels
inserted between the data link layer and network layer headers to increase
forwarding performance and flexibility in path selection.
MS Multiservice
MSAI Multi-Service Activation Interface
MSAI is a Northbound Interface.
MSG Message
MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
An RSTP that allows different spanning trees to co-exist on the same
Ethernet switched network.
MSTi Multiple Spanning Tree instances
MTA Metallic Test Access
MTAU Metallic Test Access Unit
MTOSI Multi-Technology Operations System Interface
Set of open and flexible interfaces defined to address the technical
complexity and duplication of effort involved in OSS interconnection in
service provider networks.
Solution Glossary
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit

MTU is the largest unit of data that can be transmitted over an interface type
in one packet. The MTU can change over a network.
Multi-ADSL Multi-Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
A general term that refers to more than one type of ADSL (for example,
ADSL, ADSL2, and READSL).
MUX Multiplexer
MySQL An open source, relational DBMS that uses Structured Query Language to
add, access, and process data in a database.
NAS Network Access Server

NAT Network Address Translation
NAT is a method by which IP addresses are mapped from one group to
another group, and is transparent to end users. NAT is a method by which
many network addresses and their TCP/UDP ports are translated into a
network address and its TCP/UDP ports. These mechanisms allow the
connection of a realm with private addresses to an external realm with glo-
bally unique registered addresses, typically the Internet.
NBI Northbound Interface
NBLT Narrowband Line Test
ND Neighbor Discovery
A sub-protocol of ICMPv6. ND is the IPv6 replacement of IPv4’s ARP.
NE Network Element
Hardware or combined hardware-software equipment that is designed to
perform with a telecommunications system.
NE provider An NE provider is a system that can provide the 5529 APC with a list of
DSLAMs and other access NEs. See EML provider and URL provider.
NE selector A group of NEs.
NetBios Network Basic input/output system
NetBios allows applications on different computers to communicate in a
LAN.
NFS Network File System
A distributed file system protocol suite developed by Oracle® that allows
remote file access across a network. NFS is one protocol in the suite. The
protocol suite includes NFS, RPC, and XDR. These protocols are part of a
larger architecture that Oracle® refers to as ONC.
Solution Glossary
NGCR Non-Guaranteed Cell Rate

NGVN Next Generation Voice Networks
NIC Network Interface Card
NIS Naming Information Service
A protocol developed by Oracle® for the administration of network-wide
databases. The service uses two programs: one for finding an NIS server and
one for accessing the NIS databases.
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology
Non-preferred data The non-preferred data server is the server that does not have priority to
server become the active server at startup of the cluster.
Nr Number
NRTU Near Real-Time Update
NSA Non-Service Affecting
NSP Network Service Provider
NSSA Not-So-Stubby Area
An OSPF area type, where OSPF propagates any external routes that it
obtains from the AS.
NT Network Termination
A plug-in unit that provides a link to an Ethernet-based network. The
7342 ISAM FTTU uses the EHNT or EXNT NT card for network
termination.
NTP Network Time Protocol
An internet protocol that is used to synchronize time between network
equipments.
NT SFP Network Termination Small Form-Factor Pluggable
A type of optical transceiver.
NT XFP Network Termination 10G Form-Factor Pluggable
A type of optical transceiver.
NTA Network Termination A
The slot on a shelf for an NT unit. There are two slots for NT units, marked
as A and B.
NTIO Network Termination Input Output
NTP Network Time Protocol
An Internet protocol that network devices use to synchronize their clocks.
Solution Glossary
NTR Network Timing Reference

NVPS See xVPS.
OAD See 5529 OAD.

OAM Operations, Administration, and Maintenance
Broad categories of functions found in a communications network and/or the
business processes found in network service provider companies.
OBC On-Board Controller
OC-3 Optical Carrier level 3
An optical SONET signal carried at 155.52 Mb/s.
OC-3c Optical Carrier, level 3, concatenated payload
A specification for linking three OC-1 frames into a single stream. The
linked stream resembles an OC-3 stream and delivers a payload
(149.73 Mb/s) approximately three times that of an OC-1 stream.
ODMT Off-line Database Migration Tool
OLCS OnLine Customer Support
OLT Optical Line Termination
OLTS Optical Line Termination Shelf
The FTTU shelf (also called FTTU Line Termination Shelf) that provides
mounting locations and slide-in rails for unit insertion into
backplane-mounted connectors.
OMCI ONT Management Control Interface
ONC Open Network Computing
ONT Optical Network Terminal
Equipment that provides voice, data, and video services, and terminates the
7342 ISAM FTTU network at a subscriber location. ONTs provide services
to a single family home, a business location, or a multidwelling residence,
such as an apartment complex or condominium. Services can include POTS,
high-speed Ethernet, IPTV, and RF video.
ONU Optical Network Unit
OOS Out Of Service
The status of a primary rate link when it is out of service.
Solution Glossary
OS OS can be explained in two ways:

1 Operating System
An operating system processes raw system data and user input, and
responds by allocating and managing tasks and internal system resources
as a service to users and programs of the system.
2 Operations System
A standalone software system that supports network-related operations
functions.
OSI Open Systems Interconnections

OSI is a framework of ISO international standards and applications for
communication between different platforms. Areas covered include systems
management, directory and transaction processing.
OSP Outside Plant
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
Dynamic routing protocol that responds quickly to network topology
changes. As a successor to RIP, it uses an algorithm that builds and
calculates the shortest path to all known destinations.
OSS Operations Support System
A management system that supports a specific management function, such
as alarm surveillance or provisioning, in a carrier network.
OSWP Overall Software Package
OTDR Optical Time Domain Reflector
OUI Organization Unique Identifier
P-Bit Priority Bit

P-OLT Packet Optical Line Termination
The fully assembled shelf in the 7342 ISAM FTTU system. The P-OLT
consists of two NT cards (for redundancy), one AACU card, and 18 LT
cards.
PAD Packet Assembler/Disassembler
A PAD is a protocol conversion device that converts asynchronous bit
streams (from a start-stop mode device) to packets for transmission over a
packet-switching network.
PAE Port Access Entity
PAM Pluggable Authentication Module
Solution Glossary
PAP PAP can be expanded in two ways:

1 Password Authentication Protocol
An authentication protocol that allows the network access server to
authenticate the user. The remote router attempting to connect to the
local router is required to send an authentication request. Unlike CHAP,
PAP passes unencrypted passwords. PAP does not itself prevent
unauthorized access, but it identifies the remote end of the connection.
The router or access server then determines if that user is allowed access.
2 Partition Access Profile
A profile that allows administrators to configure which NEs other users
can access and configure. The default Pap partition access profile is
automatically generated on the 5520 AMS and is associated to new NEs.
Parameter A 5529 APC attribute for a template that has a fixed value. Values for
parameters are not required.
Pbits Quality related bits in Ethernet
PBMT Push Button Migration Tool
PBMT is the name used in the 5520 AMS GUI for the Software Upgrade
Automation Tool. See SUAT.
PBS Peak Burst Size
PBX Private Branch Exchange
A device that provides private local voice switching and voice-related
services within a private network. This internal corporate telephone network
has an internal dialing system used for switching telephone calls within a
business or to outside lines. It is also used for low-speed data transmission.
PC Personal Computer
PCCP Path Connectivity Check Protection
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
A high-performance multiplexed address and data bus. Supporting 32-bit
with optional 64-bit data transfers, the PCI bus is intended to be an
interconnect between peripheral controllers, peripheral add-in boards, and
processor/memory systems. The PCI bus operates at up to 33 MHz,
providing burst transfer rates up to 132 Mbytes/s, or up to 264 Mbytes/s
wide.
PCM Probable Cause Mnemonic
PDF PDF is expanded in two ways:
1 Portable Document Format
2 Power Distribution Frame
Solution Glossary
PDU Protocol Data Unit

The unit of data in the OSI reference model. It contains protocol-control
information and user data from the layer above and is used by two processes
to coordinate their interactions.
PE Provider Edge
The name of the device or set of devices at the edge of the provider network
that has the functionality that is needed to interface with the customer and
the network. A PE can be a router or a switch.
Perl Perl is a high-level programming language.
PG Protection Group
PID Password Identifier
PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
PIM is a multicast routing protocol that uses information in the unicast
routing table to perform multicast routing. PIM is protocol-independent in
that it uses this information regardless of which routing protocol was used to
populate the table (BGP, IS-IS, OSPF, RIP, or static). PIM can be operated
in two modes: dense and sparse.
PIR Peak Information Rate
The peak information rate is a burstable rate set on routers or switches that
allows throughput overhead.
PKI Public Key Infrastructure
PKI represents the set of hardware, software, people, policies, and
procedures needed to create, manage, store, distribute, and revoke public key
certificates based on public-key cryptography.
PLOAM Physical Layer Operation Administration and Maintenance
PM Performance Monitoring
A type of transport measurement that provides the continuous collection of
performance data.
PME Physical Medium Entity
PnP Plug and Play
PON Passive Optical Network
A fiber-based network that uses passive splitters to deliver signals to
multiple users.
Port name Hierarchical port identification in the format: DSLAM:rack-shelf-slot-port
or NE:rack-shelf-slot-port.
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
Term used to describe narrowband, voice-only telephone service.
Solution Glossary
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

A protocol that allows a computer to use TCP/IP with a standard telephone
line and a high-speed modem to establish a link between two terminal
installations.
PPPoA Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM
PPPoAoE Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM over Ethernet
PPPoE Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
A specification for connecting multiple computer users on an Ethernet local
area network to a remote site through common customer premises
equipment. PPPoE allows users to share a common xDSL, cable modem, or
wireless connection to the Internet. PPPoE combines PPP, commonly used
in dialup connections, with the Ethernet protocol, which supports multiple
users in a local area network. The PPP information is encapsulated within an
Ethernet frame.
PPVC Priority Permanent Virtual Connection
PQ Priority Queue
Preferred data server The preferred data server is the server that has priority to become the active
server at startup of the cluster.
PRI Primary Rate Interface
Profile An account profile for 5529 APC user management.
PSD Power Spectral Density
The distribution of signal power in the frequency domain.
PSS Primary Service State
There are four possible primary service states based on a combination of the
administrative (locked/unlocked) and operational (up/down) state of an NE
object. The 5520 AMS GUI displays the primary service state in the Object
Details View and Table View (if one exists).
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
Telephone network based on normal telephone signaling and ordinary
switched long distance telephone circuits.
PTM Packet Transfer Mode
PTP Physical Termination Point
PVC Permanent Virtual Connection/Circuit
A PVC is an ATM end-to-end logical connection between two user/network
interfaces. A PVC may pass through several ATM switching NEs.
Solution Glossary
PVID Port VLAN Identifier

The identifier of the VLAN to which untagged frames are sent on the ingress
side. PVID can be applied to ATM and EFM.
PWE Pseudowire Emulation
PWE3 Pseudowire Emulation Edge to Edge
A mechanism that emulates the attributes of a service over a packet-switched
network.
Q in Q Q in Q is a type of Ethernet encapsulation in which a second 802.1Q VLAN

tag is added to an 802.1Q frame. Service providers can then use VLAN IDs
to segregate customer services and still allow customers to assign their own
VLAN IDs without the possibility of ID duplication.
QL Quality Level
QoS Quality of Service
Measure of the quality of a data communications link provided to a
subscriber.
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial in User Service

A standardized method of information exchange between a device that
provides network access to users (RADIUS client) and a device that contains
authentication and profile information for the users (RADIUS server).
RAI Remote Alarm Indication
RAI is a code sent upstream in a network as a notification that a failure
condition has been declared downstream. RAI is also known as yellow
alarm.
See also AIS.
RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks
RAID is a category of disk drives that employ two or more drives in
combination for fault tolerance and performance.
RAM Random Access Memory
RB VLAN Residential Bridging VLAN
READSL Reach Extended ADSL
READSL2 Reach Extended ADSL2
Solution Glossary
RED Random Early Detection

REM Remote Expansion Module
REQ/ID Request-Identity
RESP/ID Response-Identity
RF Radio Frequency
RFC Request for Comments
RFC is the name of the result and the process for creating a standard on the
Internet. New standards are proposed and published online, as a Request For
Comments. The IETF is the consensus-building body that facilitates
discussion, and eventually a new standard is established.
RFC is the prefix for all published IETF documents for Internet environment
standards; for example, the official standard for e-mail is RFC 822. RFC
documents typically define IP, TCP, and related application layer protocols.
RFI Remote Failure Indication
RFT Remote Feeding Telecommunication
RIB Routing Information Base
A router database that contains the routing information necessary for packet
forwarding.
RIP Routing Information Protocol
An interior gateway protocol defined by the IETF (RIPv1 - RFC 1058 and
RIPv2 - RFC 2453) that specifies how routers exchange routing table
information. RIP is a routing protocol based on the distance vector
algorithm. With RIP, routers periodically exchange entire tables.
RMI Remote Method Invocation
RMI is a Java application programming interface for invoking a method on
an object in another address space.
RMS Remote Management Server
Root The first or top-most directory in a hierarchy.
RPC Remote Procedure Call
An Oracle® protocol that allows an application on one machine (the client
application) to make procedure calls on another machine (the server),
passing parameters to the server and receiving results back from it.
RPM Revolutions Per Minute
RPVC Routed Permanent Virtual Connection
A PVC that connects to a subscriber device that uses RFC-2684 routed
mode.
Solution Glossary
RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indication

RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RSTP is specified in IEEE 802.1w. It replaces the spanning tree protocol
specified by IEEE 802.1d. RSTP is targeted at switched networks with
point-to-point interconnections, and allows for much quicker
reconfiguration time (approximately 1 s) by allowing a rapid change in port
roles.
RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol
RTCP Real-Time Control Protocol
RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
RTU Real-Time Update
RTX Retransmission
RU RU can be expanded in two ways:
1 Rack Unit
A rack unit is a unit of vertical space in a standard 19-inch equipment
rack. One RU is 1.75 in.
2 Remote Unit
RUEM Remote Unit Extension Module

An interface used to connect an RU to an NE.
S-VLAN Service VLAN

S/W See SW.
SA Service Affecting
SAN Storage Area Network
A network consisting of storage devices, content management devices, and
high-speed links, designed to store and share large amounts of data.
SAP Service Access Point
SB-REM Shelf-Based Remote Expansion Module
Scalability A measurement of a system’s ability to deliver an increase in the number of
NEs that can be monitored. This is typically achieved by adding additional
memory, CPU power, or both.
SCM System Control Module
The control card in the G6 voice gateway.
Solution Glossary
SCSI Small Computer System Interface

SCSI is a bus and interface standard. SCSI allows magnetic hard disks,
optical disk drives, tape drives, CD-ROM drives, printers, and scanners to
communicate with the main processor of a computer.
SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SCTP provides the transport protocol for SIGTRAN user adaptation layer
messages across an IP network.
SDC See 5529 SDC.
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
A hierarchical set of digital transport structures, standardized for the
transport of suitably adapted payloads over physical transmission networks.
SDH is a standard for communicating digital information over optical fiber
and microwaves.
SDP Service Distribution Path
An SDP logically directs traffic from one router to another router through a
unidirectional service tunnel. An SDP terminates at the far-end router, which
directs the flow of packets to the correct service egress SAPs on that device.
A distributed service consists of a configuration with at least one SAP on a
local NE, one SAP on a remote NE, and an SDP binding the service to the
service tunnel.
SDU Service Data Unit
Unit of information from an upper-layer protocol that defines a service
request to a lower-layer protocol.
SELT Single Ended Line Test
SEM Sealed Expansion Module
A remote expansion unit for the 7330 ISAM FTTN.
SERDES Serializer/Deserializer
Server A program that provides some service to other (client) programs.
Servlet A servlet is an application that is written in Java and designed to run on a
server in CGI.
SES SES can be expanded in two ways:
1 Severely Errored Second
A second (other than a failed second) in which the bit error rate exceeds
10-3 or in which any loss of frame alignment has occurred.
2 Switched Ethernet Services
Solution Glossary
SFP Small Form-factor Pluggable

SFP is a specification for a new generation of optical modular transceivers.
The devices are designed for use with small form factor connectors, and
offer high speed and physical compactness. They are hot-swappable.
SFTP Secure File Transfer Protocol
SFU Single Family Unit
SGD Secure Global Desktop
An access solution offered by Oracle® that delivers applications to client
devices.
SGMII Serial Gigabit Media Independent Interface
SHA Secure Hash Algorithm
A NIST standard hash algorithm, also known as SHA-1.
Shared data directory All data to which all servers need access is stored on the shared data
directory. You must configure this directory when installing the 5520 AMS.
For geographic redundancy, the contents of this directory are replicated
between sites using the Solaris ZFS file system.
SHDSL SHDSL can be expanded in two ways:
1 Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
A digital subscriber line technology that allows symmetric speeds up to
T1 or E1 rate over a 48 twisted-pair using an international transmission
type.
2 Symmetrical High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
A digital subscriber line technology that allows symmetric speeds up to
T1 or E1 rate over a 48 twisted-pair using an international transmission
type.
SHub Service Hub

An agent of the NE that represents the NT card Ethernet switch. The SHub
is managed using the SNMP agent of the IACM.
SI International System of Units
SIGTRAN Signaling Transport
A protocol that provides reliable datagram service and user layer adaptations
over IP networks.
Simplex Describes a standalone (non-clustered) system or server.
Single-server For 5529 APC, Release 3.1 and later the term single-server refers to a 5529
APC deployment model in which the 5529 APC and 5520 AMS EMS are in-
stalled in the same server workstation and share the same JBoss.
Solution Glossary
See also Cluster.

SIP Session Initiation Protocol
An application-layer signaling protocol for creating, modifying, and
terminating sessions with one or more participants.
Site A single geographic location where one or more 5520 AMS servers are
configured and connected by a low-latency LAN. Each server can function
as an application, data, or presentation server.
SLA Service Level Agreement
An SLA is a service contract between a network service provider and a
customer that guarantees a particular QoS level. SLAs specify criteria such
as network availability and data delivery reliability.
Slave database server Within a site, a backup MySQL server can be ready to start when the master
server fails. This is the slave data server.
The slave data server initiates MySQL replication requests to receive
updates from the master data server.
SLB System-Level Bonding
A bonding group type that is supported on two xDSL ports that do not have
to be adjacent or on the same LT card.
SLID Subscriber Location Identification
A 10-character string set in the network element manager on a ONT to allow
enhanced automated service turn-up.
SMA Subscriber Management Attributes
SMF Service Management Facility
The SMF is a feature of the Solaris operating system that replaces init.d
scripts and provides a supported, unified model for services and service
management.
SMS Short Message Service
SMS is a communication service component of the GSM mobile
communication system, using standardized communications protocols that
allow the exchange of short text messages between mobile phone devices.
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SMTP is the IETF standard for transferring e-mail messages from one
computer to another computer. It is the main protocol used to send e-mail on
the Internet. SMTP consists of a set of rules for how a program that is send-
ing mail and a program that is receiving mail should interact.
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
Protocol used by network management to retrieve information about
connection status, configuration, and performance.
Solution Glossary
SNR Signal-to-noise ratio.

The ratio of the amplitude (power and volume) of a data signal to the amount of noise
(interference) on the line, usually measured in decibels.
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
SOAP is an XML-based protocol for exchange of information in a decentralized,
distributed environment. SOAP is defined by the World Wide Web Consortium
W3C.
SOHO Small Office Home Office
Solaris An operating system used by Oracle® workstations.
SPARC Scalable Processor Architecture
SPF One of the following:
1 Spatial Filter
A filter created to generate a spatial alarm.
2 Shortest Path First
An algorithm used by IS-IS and OSPF to make routing decisions based on the
state of network links.
SPFE Service Provisioning Front End

A 5529 APC functional module that supplies a GUI that integrates into the
5520 AMS GUI and that provides efficient service provisioning and service delivery
validation.
SQL Structured Query Language
SSH Secure Shell
SSHD Secure Shell Daemon
The daemon program for SSH. SSHD listens for connections from clients.
SSL Secure Socket Layer
The SSL is a protocol developed by Netscape for transmitting private
documents across the Internet. It is also used for data encryption, server
authentication, and message integrity between a 5529 APC server and OSS clients.
SSM Synchronous Status Message
Standing See Alarm.
alarm
STS1 Synchronous Transport Signal, Level 1
A 51.84 Mb/s electrical signal that is converted to or from a SONET signal.
STU-C SHDSL Termination Unit - Central office end
Solution Glossary
STU-R SHDSL Termination Unit - Remote terminal end

SUAT Software Upgrade Automation Tool
Consists of Perl-based scripts that automatically perform the software upgrade and
migration tasks for the 7302 ISAM and 7330 ISAM FTTN. See the
7330 ISAM FTTN Software Upgrade and Migration Procedures.
Subscriber A customer who buys services from a network provider.
SVC Switched Virtual Circuit
A signaled, end-to-end network connection. The user defines the endpoint at the
source UNI and the system dynamically establishes the network connections and
maintains them for the duration of the call.
SVID Service VLAN ID
SW Software
SWP Software Package
SYN Synchronize
SYN is a message that is sent by TCP during the initiation of a new connection to
synchronize the TCP packet sequence numbers on the connecting computers. The
SYN is acknowledged by a SYN/ACK from the responding computer.
T1 Transmission Signal Level-1

T1 is the North American standard for a digital carrier facility used to transmit at
1.544 Mb/s.
T1CAS T1 Channel Associated Signaling
T3 The North American standard for a digital carrier facility used to transmit at 44.736
Mb/s.
TAD Trouble Analysis Data
TAU Test Access Unit
TC Traffic Class
TCA Threshold Crossing Alarm
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
Protocol for establishing a duplex connection between end systems for the reliable
delivery of data.
Solution Glossary
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TCP/IP is a networking protocol that provides communication across interconnected
networks, and between computers with different hardware architectures and various
operating software.
Telnet Telnet is the Internet-standard TCP/IP protocol for remote terminal connection
service. Telnet allows a user at one site to interact with a remote timesharing system
at another site as if the user terminal is connected directly to the remote machine.
Template A template consists of attributes that must be configured in the NE to deploy services
to subscribers. The 5529 APC applies the configuration using the templates. You can
hide the attributes that are not required for the service, equipment, or NE software.
Templates that are created on the 5529 APC GUI by the service planner or template
designer simplify OSS integration for service provisioning, such as the rollout of a
new service.
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
A simplified version of FTP that transfers files but does not provide password
protection or user-directory capability. It is associated with the TCP/IP family of
protocols. TFTP depends on the connectionless datagram delivery service, UDP.
TGW Trunking Gateway
A trunking gateway is an interface between VoIP and PSTN. It supports only bearer
traffic and not signaling traffic.
See PSTN and VoIP.
TID Target Identifier
The parameter in a TL1 command that identifies the network element that is the
target for the execution of the command.
TL1 Transaction Language 1
Human-machine language standard for controlling network elements.
TL1 Gateway The TL1 Gateway serves as a single entry point for TL1 communication to the NE,
receiving information from users, automatic support systems and OSS systems and
conveying it to the NE.
TL1 GW See TL1 Gateway.
TLS Transparent LAN Service
The interconnection of LANs at different sites to appear as one LAN to users. TLS
transports subscriber VLAN traffic across a network while keeping traffic in each
VLAN secure and separate from other subscriber VLANs.
TMC Timeslot Management Channel
TMF TeleManagement Forum
tmpfs tmpfs is a temporary file storage facility on Solaris and other UNIX-like systems.
The memory used by a tmpfs system can expand or shrink to accommodate the
contents of the file system.
Solution Glossary
TNM Telecommunications Network Management

TP Termination Point
TPM Telephony Port Module
A card in the G6 voice gateway that provides an interface to the circuit-switched
voice network.
TPS-TC Transport Protocol Specific-Transmission Convergence
TR08 A protocol that defines a voice interface between a SLC-96 digital loop carrier and a
local digital switch.
TR-069 Technical Report 069
TR-069 CPE WAN Management Protocol (CWMP) was created by the DSL Forum
to standardize the WAN management of CWMP. The TR-069 protocol defines a
common method for CPE devices to communicate with an Auto Configuration
Server (ACS).
Triple play Triple play refers to the offering of voice, video and data applications over the same
network connection. Triple play services are available through technologies that
range from DSL to broadband wireless connections.
TRK Trunk Group
TrTCM Two rate Three Color Marker
TTL Time-To-Live
A field in an IP header that specifies the maximum number of hops for a data packet
before the packet expires and is discarded.
TX Transmit
UAS Unavailable Second

A count of one-second intervals during which the interface is unavailable.
UBR Unspecified Bit Rate
UCS Universal Character Set
UDDI Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration
UDP User Datagram Protocol
A connectionless datagram protocol that forms the basis for Internet
communications. UDP is an IETF transport layer protocol that uses port numbers and
data checksums to identify multiple applications on a single system.
UDSL Unidirectional DSL
UDSL is the unidirectional version of HDSL.
Solution Glossary
UFS Unix File System

UID User Identifier
Unavailable Status that indicates that the 5520 AMS server or cluster is not operating.
UNI User-to-Network Interface
A UNI is an interface point between ATM end users and a private ATM
switch, or between a private ATM switch and the public carrier ATM
network; defined by physical and protocol specifications per ATM Forum
UNI documents. UNI is also the standard adopted by the ATM Forum to define
connections between users or end stations and a local ATM network switch.
UNIX A multi-user, multitasking operating system, which is used on mainframes,
workstations, and PCs. UNIX is the basis of Solaris and SunOS, which are operating
systems used by Oracle® workstations.
UPBO Upstream Power Back-Off
Reduction of the transmit power in the upstream transmission direction.
Upstream Transmission from the customer location to the network. On the NT side, TX
indicates the upstream direction of the transmission to the network. On the LT side,
RX indicates the upstream direction of the transmission to the OLT.
URI Uniform Resource Indentifier
URL Uniform Resource Locator
URL provider A URL provider is a type of NE provider. A URL provider is a URL to a list of
Alcatel-Lucent NEs that is used to synchronize the NEs with the 5529 APC.
US Upstream
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
A time scale that couples Greenwich Mean Time, which is based solely on the Earth's
inconsistent rotation rate, with highly accurate atomic time.
UTF UCS Transformation Format
v-VPLS VLAN VPLS

A VPLS that emulates the behavior of a VLAN bridge. The SAPs of a v-VPLS must
have the same VLAN ID.
VBR Variable Bit Rate
VC Virtual Channel
Single communications connection identified by an office equipment number, VPI,
and VCI.
Solution Glossary
VCC Virtual Channel Connection

A concatenation of VCLs that extends between the points where the ATM service
users access the ATM layer. VCCs are unidirectional.
VCE Vectoring Control Entity
VCL Virtual Channel Link
A VCL is a means of transport for ATM cells between the point at which a VCI value
is assigned and the point at which the value is translated or removed. VCL is an
IETF/ATM Forum term.
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier
Identifier in an ATM cell that distinguishes the data of one VC from the data of
another VC.
VDSL Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line
A technology that enables very high-speed asymmetric data transmission rates over
a single twisted-pair copper telephone wire, but at shorter ranges than other xDSL
types.
VDSL2 Very-high-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line 2
VECT Vectoring
VEIP Virtual Ethernet Interface Point
VID VLAN ID
Virtual A 5529 APC virtual argument is an alias that is created for an argument in a basic or
argument composite template. The alias allows the use of alternative names for arguments in a
composite template.
See also Argument.
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
A VLAN divides a physical LAN into multiple virtual LANs whose members are not
necessarily based on location. VLAN specifications are contained in IEEE 802.1q.
VOD Video On Demand
An application that provides a specific, non-broadcast video stream to an end user.
Triple play services sometimes include VOD.
VoIP Voice over IP
VoIP carries voice transmissions in packets and uses IP instead of using legacy
PSTN circuit-switched technologies and protocols. VoIP avoids the tolls charged for
POTS.
VoP Voice over Packet
Solution Glossary
VP Virtual Path
A single communications connection identified by an office equipment number and
a VPI.
VPC Virtual Path Connection
VPI Virtual Path Identifier
The identifier in an ATM cell that distinguishes data of one VP from data of another
VP.
VPL Virtual Path Link
The group of VCLs, which is identified by a VPI, between the point where the VPI
value is assigned and the point where the VPI value is translated or removed.
VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service
A type of VPN in which a number of sites are connected in a single bridged domain
over an IP network. The services can be from different locations, but they appear to
be on the same LAN in VPLS.
VPN Virtual Private Network
A private network that is configured within a public network (a carrier network or
the Internet) in order to take advantage of the economies of scale and management
facilities of large networks. VPNs are used by enterprises to create WANs that span
large geographic areas to provide site-to-site connections to branch offices and to
allow mobile users to dial up their company LANs.
VPRN Virtual Private Routed Network
A network exhibiting at least some of the characteristics of a private network, even
though it uses the resources of a public switched network.
VRF Virtual Routing Forwarder
A logical or virtual routing function with associated routing table that can be
instantiated in a router capable of supporting IP VPN services.
VVLAN Virtual VLAN
W3C World Wide Web Consortium

An international organization responsible for setting standards for the World Wide
Web.
WAN Wide Area Network
A network of digital transmissions that provides voice and data communications
over large geographic areas. Typically this internet or network covers an area larger
than a single building or campus. WAN access implies connection through common
carrier-provided lines. These networks use links provided by local telephone
companies and usually connect disperse sites.
Solution Glossary
WAR A type of jar file that is used by servlets.

Warm standby Type of redundancy in which the standby server runs in the background of the
primary system. Data is replicated from the active server at regular intervals,
therefore the data storage of the active and standby servers are not always in sync.
Web browser A software application that allows a user to display and interact with text, images,
and other information typically located on a webpage at a website on the World Wide
Web or a LAN.
Web service A Web service is a standardized method of integrating web-based applications using
the XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI open standards over and Internet protocol back-
bone.
WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing
WN Warning alarm
Workstation A workstation is a PC or Sun workstation that can be used to perform tasks using the
5529 APC.
WS-I Basic The WS-I Basic Profile 1.0 is defined by the WS-I Organization (see
Profile 1.0 http://www.ws-i.org/). WS-I is an open industry organization chartered to promote
Web service interoperability across platforms, operating systems, and programming
languages.
WSDL Web Services Description Language
XDR eXternal Data Representation

A protocol that allows data to be wrapped in a manner that is independent of
architecture. Part of Oracle® ONC architecture, XDR allows data to be transferred
between incompatible systems.
xDSL x Digital Subscriber Line
A general term that refers to more than one type of unspecified DSL (for example,
ADSL, ADSL2, READSL, SHDSL, VDSL).
XML Extensible Markup Language
XML defines syntax to customize markup languages. The markup languages are
used to create, manage, and transmit documents across the Web.
XML schema An XML schema is the W3C specification for defining the structure and content of
XML documents.
XSD XML Schema Definition (XML Schema instance)
xSTP x Spanning Tree Protocol
A general term that refers to STP and MSTP. The xSTP provides multiple forwarding
paths for data traffic, enables load balancing, and reduces the number of
spanning-tree instances required to support a large number of VLANs.
Solution Glossary
xVPS x Voice Packet Server

A general term that refers to IVPS or NVPS. Both components are LT boards that
function as servers for a VoIP application.
ZFS ZFS is a Solaris file system. A ZFS file system is built on top of zpools.
ZFS snapshots provide the ability to support incremental snapshots and replication
mechanisms. The ZFS send operation creates a streamed representation of a
snapshot. The output can be redirected to a file or to a different machine using SSH.
zpool ZFS storage pool
A zpool provides storage and data replication for ZFS datasets. A zpool is
constructed on top of virtual devices which are constructed from block devices (files,
partitions or complete drives).
Solution Glossary
Customer documentation and product support
Customer documentation
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/myaccess
Product manuals and documentation updates are available at
alcatel-lucent.com. If you are a new user and require access to this
service, please contact your Alcatel-Lucent sales representative.
Technical Support
http://support.alcatel-lucent.com
Documentation feedback
documentation.feedback@alcatel-lucent.com
© 2014 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved.
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iv June 2014 Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10

Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10 June 2014 v

v June 2014 Alcatel-Lucent 5520 Access Management System, Release 9.3.10

7302 ISAM xVPS 7302 ISAM with Voice Package

AACU ADSL Alarm Control Unit

AAL5 ATM Adaptation Layer 5

ANCP Access Node Control Protocol

ASAM Advanced Services Access Manager

BER Bit Error Rate

BSS BSS can be explained in two ways:

C-VLAN Customer VLAN

CDL Coded Digital Locator

CEV Controlled Environmental Vault

CGI Common Gateway Interface

CIST Common or Internal Spanning Tree

CLB Chipset-Level Bonding

CPU Central Processing Unit

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DSLAM provider See NE provider.

E1 European Digital Signal Level-1

EMAN Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network

ESM Extended Subscriber Module

FDN Fully Distinguished Name

G6 GENBAND G6 Universal Media Gateway

H.248 H.248 is a protocol described by ITU-T recommendation H.248 and IETF

I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit

IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication

J2EE Java 2 Enterprise Edition

kb/s Kilobits per second

LDAPS Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSL

LSP EXP Label Switched Path EXP

m-VPLS Management VPLS

MGC Media Gateway Controller

MTU Maximum Transmission Unit

NAS Network Access Server

NGCR Non-Guaranteed Cell Rate

NTR Network Timing Reference

OAD See 5529 OAD.

OS OS can be explained in two ways:

OSI Open Systems Interconnections

P-Bit Priority Bit

PAP PAP can be expanded in two ways:

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PVID Port VLAN Identifier

Q in Q Q in Q is a type of Ethernet encapsulation in which a second 802.1Q VLAN

RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial in User Service

RED Random Early Detection

RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indication

RUEM Remote Unit Extension Module