VICTORIA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Victoria, Tarlac

Music 10
Second Quarter

JAZZ MUSIC
RAG TIME
 Ragtime is an American popular musical style mainly for piano, that originated in the afro-
american communities of st. loius and new Orleans. It was said to be a modification of the
“marching mode” made popular by John Philip Sousa, where the effect is generated by an
internally syncopated melodic line pitted against a rhythmically straightforward bass line.
Foremost exponents of Ragtime
 Jelly Roll Morton – an American early jazz pianist who composed Frog-I-More Rag
 Scott Joplin – who composed the popular Maple Leaf Rag, Solace and The Entertainer.
Also known as the “King of Ragtime”

BIG BAND
 The term Big Band refers to a large ensemble form originating in the united states in the mid-
1920’s close associated with the swing era and its jazz elements
 This early style relied heavily on percussion, wind, rhythm and bass instruments with a lyrical
string section to accompany a lyrical melody
Great Big Bands
 Glenn Miller Band Orchestra - (A String of Pearls, Moonlight Serenade, In the Mood,
American Patrol, Smoke Gets in Your eyes)
 Count Basie Orchestra – (April in Paris)
 Benny Goodman Orchestra - (Sing, Sing, Sing)
Solo Singers
 Cab Calloway – (Minnie the Moocher)
 Doris Day – (Stardust, I’m in the Mood for Love)
 Roy Eldridge

BEBOP
 BEBOP OR BOP is a musical style of modern jazz that emerged during World War II.
 It was characterized by a fast tempo, instrumentsal viscosity, and improvisation.
 The speed of the harmony, melody, and rhythm resulted in a heavy performance where the
instrumental sound became more intense and free
BEBOP’S MAIN EXPONENTS:
 Dizzy Gillespie – Trumpeter
 Charlie Parker – alto sax
 Max Roach and Roy Hsynes – drummers
 Bud Powell and Thelonius Monk – pianist
 Charlie Christian – pianist
 Dexter Gordon and Sonny Rollins – tenor sax players
 JJ Johnson - trombonist

JAZZ ROCK
 The music of 1960s and 1970s bands that inserted jazz elements into rock music
 A synonym for “jazz fusion”, jazz rock is amix of funk and RnB (Rhythm and Blues) rhythms,
where the music used amplification and electronic effects, complex time signatures, and
extended instrumental composition with lengthy improvisations in the jazz stye

JAZZ ROCPK SINGER/SONGWRITERS

 Joni Mitchell
 Tim Buckley
 Van Morrison

Some popular groups that emerged using the above music style
Grateful Dead Cream Blood, Sweat and Tears
Santana Traffic Chicago
Steely Dan Lighthouse
Frank Zappa Soft Machine Hatfield and the North
 POPULAR MUSIC

Popular music literally means “music of the populace”, similar to traditional folk music of the past. Pop
music generally consisted of music for entertainment of large numbers of people, whether on radio or
in live performances.

FOLK MUSIC
 Folk music refers to melodies and songs of the common people that are handed down from
one generation to the next.
 Often expresses the character of ethnic and social groups, and sometimes of a nation.
 As the music of the people, it can express political or religious beliefs, tell a story, recount
history, or simply provide amusement.
 In the United States, for example, musicians like Woody Guthrie, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Joni
Mitchell, John Denver, James Taylor, Cat Stevens, the group Peter, Paul, and Mary, and the
duo of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel sang and wrote heartfelt lyrics accompanied by a guitar,
to protest against war, alienation, hunger, injustice, destruction of nature, and the like.

COUNTRY AND WESTERN MUSIC

 A blend of popular musical forms originally found in the /southern United Sates.
 The term country music began to use in the 1940s when the earlier term “hillbilly music” was felt
to be degrading, and the term was subsequently embraced in the 1970s.
 It reflects the people’s life experiences and local settings, even while combining the ideals of a
progressive society with nostalgia for one’s roots and culture.
 It features simple tunes, usually sung solo accompanied by a guitar, a banjo or occasional
whistling.
PIONEER COUNTRY MUSIC ARTISTS
 Johnny Cash, Loretta Lynn, Roy Rogers, Jimmy Rodgers, Jimm Reeves,and the famed duet
partners Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton.
Today’s popular country singer
 Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, Keith Urban, Shania Twain, Carrie Underwood, Trisha Yearwood,
Toby Keith, Brad Paisley and Taylor Swift.

BALLADS
 Originated as an expressive folksong in narrative verse with the text dealing typically with
love.
 The word is derived both from the medieval French, “Chanson Balladee”, and “ballade”,
which refers to a dancing song.
 Used by poets and composers since the 18th century, it became a slow popular love song
in the 19th century.
 Today, the term balled refers to alove song in a slightly pop or rock style
 BLUES BALLADS
 A fusion of Anglo-American and Afro-American styles from the 19th century that often
deals with anti-heroes resisting authority. The forms emphasizes the character of the
performer more than the narrative content, and is accompanied by the banjo or
guitar.
 POP STANDARD AND JAZZ BALLADS
 This is a blues style from a single verse of 16 bars ending the dominant of half-cadence,
followed by a refrain or chorus part of 16 or 32 in AABA form. The B section acts as the
bridge, and the piece usualyy ends with a brief coda “tail” – a few additional lyrics that
bring the song to a close.
 Pop standard and jazz ballads include The Man I love by George Gershwin, Always by
Irving Berlin and In a Sentimental Mood by Duke Ellington.
 POCK AND ROCK BALLADS
 A pop and rock ballad is an emotional love song with suggestions of folk music, as in
the Beatles’ composition The Ballad of John and Yoko and Billy Joel’s The Ballad of Billy.
 This style is sometimes applied to strophic (repeating-verse) story song, such as Don
McLean’s American Pie.

STANDARDS
 The term standard is used to denote the most popular and enduring songs from a particular
genre or style, such as those by Irving Berlin, Cole Porter, and Rodgers and Hart.
  Its style is mostly in a slow or moderate tempo with a relaxed mood. It also features highly
singable melodies within the range and technical capacity of the amateur singer.

FOREMOST PROPONENT OF STANDARDS

 FRANK SINATRA – also known as “Ol’ Blue Eyes”, Chairman of the Board, or “The Voice”. His
genre was categorized as traditional pop. He was also an actor, producer, director, and
conductor. His hits singles include My Way and Strangers in the Night.
 NAT KING COLE – American balladeer. He owes most of his popular musical fame to his
soothing baritone voice, which he used to perform in big band, vocal jazz, swing,
traditional pop, and jump blues genres. He was the first black American to host his own
television show and maintained worldwide popularity over 40 years his death. He is widely
considered “one of the most important musical personalities in the United States history”.
His hit songs include Unforgettable, Mona Lisa, and Too Young.
 MATT MONROE – an English singer who became one of the most popular entertainers in the
international music scene during the 1960s. Among his hit singles were Portrait of my Love,
Softly as I Leave You, the James Bond theme From Russia with Love, Born Free, which
became his signature song, and Walk Away.
 Other popular singers of standards were Pery Como, Bing Crosby, Andy Williams, Sammy
Davis Jr., Doris Day, Patti Page, Barbra Streisand, and Paul Anka.

ROCK AND ROLL

 A huge popular song from in the United States during the late 1940s to the 1960s.
 It combined Afro-American forms such as the blues, jump blues, jazz and gospel music with the
western swing and country music.
 In its classic form, rock and roll employed one or two electric guitars, a string bass or bass
guitar, and a set of drums that provided the rhythmic pattern. With the technological
advances, amplifiers and microphones were added to raise the volume.
 This style derived its name from the motion of a ship on the ocean, “rock and roll”.

GREATEST EXPONENTS OF ROCK AND ROLL

 ELVIS PRESLEY – the greatest exponent of the rock and roll. His hit song such as Heartbreak
Hotel and Blue Suede Shoes were complement by his good looks and elaborate
movements that include hugging the microphone as he sung.
 THE BEATLES – British Band, whose compositions further boosted rock and roll as the favorite
genre of the times. Examples of the Beatles’ hit songs in this genre are Love Me Do, I Saw
Her Standing There, Get Back, A Hard Day’s Night, Rock and Roll Music, and Help!

DISCO
 Disco music pertained to rock music that was more danceable, thus leading to the
establishment of venues for public dancing also called discos. The term originated from the
French word “discotheque” which means a library for phonograph records.
 The disco style had a soaring and reverberating sound rhythmically controlled by a steady
beat for ease of dancing, and accompanied by strings, horns, electric guitars, and electric
pianos or synthesizers.
 Superstars of the disco genre include the Bee Gees; ABBA, Donna Summer (The Queen of
Disco), Earth Wind and Fire; KC and the Sunshine Band; The Village People; and Gloria Gaynor

POP MUSIC
 Parallel with the disco era, pther pop music superstars continued to emerge. Among them
were Neil Sedaka, Diana Ross, and the Supremes, Olivia Newton John, Stevie Wonder, Elton
John, The Carpenters, and Barry Manilow.
 Pop superstars in more recent years include solo artist Celine Dion, Madonna, Whitney
Houston, Mariah Carey, Justine Timberlake, Britney Spears, Beyonce, Lady Gaga and Bruno
Mars; as well as vocal groups such as Boyz II Men, The Backstreet Boys, N’Sync, Destiny’s Child,
among many others.
 Michael Jackson – the King of Pop
 Today’s Pop Music Idols are music groups like Boyzone, Westlife, Black Eyed peas, K-Pop
groups 2NE1 and Exo, My Chemical Romance, Fall Out Boy, the Red Jump Apparatus, Soulja
Boy, Train, Marroon 5, Echo Smith and One Direction.
 Other solo performers include Adele, Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran, Rehanna, Chris Brown, Ariana
Grande, Justin Bieber, Miley Cyrus, Katy Perry, Nikki Minaj and Selena Gomez.
HIP HOP AND RAP
 Hip hop music is a stylized, highly rhythmic type of music tht usually includes portions of
rhythmicaly chanted words called “rap”.
 In rapping, the artist speaks along with an instrumental or synthesized beat.
 Hip hop arose in the 1970s within the Afro-American and Latino youth in the Bronx area of New
York city.
 It has since evolved into a subculture that encompasses music (raping, DJing, Scratching, and
beatboxing); a nearly acrobatic style of dancing, called break dancing; a distinct manner of
dress; and graffiti-style artwork.
 Among the Hip-hop artist were LL Cool J and Run-D.M.C., Beastie Boys, Eminem, and Kanye
West.

ALTERNATIVE MUSIC
 Alternative music was an underground independent from of music that arose in the 1980s. it
became widely popular in the 1990s as a way to defy “mainstream” rock music.
 It was known for its unconventional practices such as distorted guitar sounds, oppressive lyrics,
and defiant attitudes.
 It was characterized by high energy levels that bred new styles such as new wave, punk rock,
post-punk, indie rock, gothic rock, jangled pop, C86, Madchester, Industrial Rock, and
Shoegazing.

PHILIPPINE POPULAR MUSIC

The one word that comes to mind when we think of contemporary Philippine Music is the type
commonly known as Original Pinoy Music; Original Philippine Music or OPM. The term was originally
used to refer only to Philippine pop songs, particularly ballads, such as those popular after fading of
its predecessors, the Manila Sound, in the late 19702s.

1960s – 1970s
 Nora Aunor, Victor Wood, Asin, Apo Hiking Society.
1970s – 1980s
 Claire dela Fuente, Didith Reyes, Rico Puno, Ryan Cayabyab, Basil Valdez, Celeste Legaspi,
Hajji Alejandro, ReyValera, Freddie Aguilar, Imelda Papin, Eva Eugenio, and Nonoy Zuniga.
1980s – 1990s
 Martin Nievera, Gary Valenciano, Lea Salonga, Regine Velasquez, Sharon Cuneta, Vina
Morales, Raymond Lauchengco, Pops Fernandez, Jose Mari Chan, Dindong Avanzado, Janno
Gibbs, Ogie Alcasid, Joey Albert, and Manilyn Reynes.
1990s
 Jaya, Donna Cruz, Jessa Zaragosa, Ariel Rivera, Smokey mountain, Eraserheads, Southborder,
Afterimage, Rivermaya, and Parokya ni Edgar.
Recently
 Yeng Constantino, Sarah Geronimo, Aiza Seguerra, Arnel Pineda, Charice(Jake Zyrus) and
Gerphil Flores

PHILIPPINE POP MUSIC

 Atarted as adaptation or translation, if not complete imitation, of western hits.
 It started with Bobby Gonzales’ Hahabol-habol, a local version of the rock and roll of the 1950s
and Rico j. Puno’s Luneta, a local adaptation of The Way we Were.
 This immediately clicked with the youth and eventually gained wide acceptance even
among the “burgis”(Elite)crowd.
 The start of the “Manila Sound” in the mid 1970s gave rise to songs a colloquial language
called Taglish, a combination of Tagalog and English. Thse Filipino lyrics sung to pop melodies
resulted in highly singable with contemporary appeal.
 Among the proponets of the Manila Sound were Hotdog, Cinderella, The rainmakers, and the
Apo Hiking Society.

PHILIPPINE JAZZ
 Philippine musician have been inspired by jazz music. Among them are jazz pianist and
recording artist Boy Katindig, who comes from the well-known clan of musicians that includes
jazz piano legend Romy Katindig and saxophonist Eddie Katindig. The Katindig family
pioneered Latin jazz in Manila.
 Other notable Filipino jazz musicians include Lito Molina, Angel Pena, Emil Mejares, and
internationally known jazz pianist Bobby Enriquez.
PHILIPPINE ALTERNATIVE FOLK MUSIC
 New form combined ethnic instrumentation with electronic accompaniment, while presenting
themes or issues of the Philippine society and environment.
 Some of the composers who championed this style were Joey Ayala, Grace Nono and Edru
Abraham of Kontregapi
 Among other Filipino composers are Freddie Aguilar (Anak), Yoyoy Villame(Magellan),
Florante(Ako’y Isang Pinoy); and Gary Granada (Ka Bayani)

PHILIPPINE ROCK
 The Year 1973 saw the birth of Philippine Or Pinoy rock music which successfully merged the
rock beat with Filipino lyrics.
 This new sound was introduced by the legendary Juan de la Cruz Band (with their song Ang
Himig Natin) which had for its members Joey Pepe Smith, Wally Gonzales, and the originator of
Jeproks, Mike Hanopol, who later became a major symbol of Pinoy rock.
 Other early exponents of Pinoy rock included the band Maria Cafra; female rocker
Sampaguita; and folk rock singer heber Bartolome and hisBanyuhay band, whose songs
expressed strong messages of nationalism.
 Pinoy rock of today are vocal groups and bands include Rivermaya, The Dawn, True Faith, The
Eraserheads, Wolfgang, Bamboo, Paroya ni Edgar, Hale, Sandwich, Sugar Free, Sponge Cola
and others.

PINOY RAP
 Rap was also made popular by such composers and performers as Francis Magalona, Andrew
E and Gloc 9.
 Francis M known as Master Rapper and The Man from Manila. He was Filipino rapper,
songwriter, producer, actor, director, television host, and photographer. He is also hailed as
the “King of pinoy Rap”

PINOY HIP HOP

 Hiphop is becoming popular especially in dance forms in the Philippines.
 Groups have joined the Hip Hop International contest in the US which considered as “the
Olympic of Hiphop”.
 Among the groups that won in this contest are A TEAM (2014 Champion, Megacrew), Legit
Status, and Romacon. Other teams are LSDC Street, Rockstars, Alliance and Letran Pages.