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systemic failure
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/delhi-s-solid-waste-a-
systemic-failure-56776) NEXT NEWS ❯
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Delhi’s garbage conundrum is not new. With
garbage hills piling up and a systemic failure in NEXT NEWS ❯
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estimate, there are about 150,000 rag pickers in
Delhi. Worst, the three landfill sites are not
NEXT NEWS ❯
designed as per specifications mentioned in
the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016.
According to the Master Plan for Delhi, 2021,
these landfill sites had exceeded their capacity
way back in 2008. Most of these sites have
contaminated the aquifers and groundwater in
and around their neighbourhoods.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
have not opened their windows in years. The
Okhla Waste-to-Energy plant is taking up close
NEXT NEWS ❯
to 2000 TPD of garbage. Waste for this plant is
largely collected from south Delhi: while the
South Delhi Municipal Corporation (SDMC)
sends in 1,800 metric tonnes per day (MTD),
about 200 MTD is fed by the New Delhi
Municipal Corporation (NDMC). Five MW of
electricity can be generated by incinerating 450
tonnes of the solid waste in an hour. A total
investment of Rs 250 crore has been made in
the plant on a land of 5.6 hectares.
Tipping fee?
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• Trashing the ragpicker contract
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signed by the
• New plastic waste management
rules leave out vital points
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plastic-waste-management-rules-
leave-out-vital-points-53271)
• Mumbai's burning question
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• Groundwater and health of
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dumping in Aravallis
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51941)
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What can Delhi do?
Waste Management
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management)
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National Green …
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tribunal-ngt)
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Waste To Energy
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India (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/india)
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WASTE
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waste management
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waste-management-56753)
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.
Last Updated: Wednesday 19 September 2018
NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www .downtoearth.org.
provided by municipal authorities in the
country to keep urban centres clean. However, NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
management-disposal-pollution-metro-cities-
4402086/), points out that more than three-
NEXT NEWS ❯
fourth of solid waste management budget is
allotted to collection and transportation,
leaving leaves very little for processing or
resource recovery and disposal.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
locality to process organic waste. Community
participation has a direct bearing on efficient NEXT NEWS ❯
waste management. Recovery of e-waste is
abysmally low, we need to encourage recycling
of e-waste on a very large scale level so that
problem of e-waste disposal is contained.
Waste Management
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste-
management)
Hazardous Waste
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/hazardous-waste)
Urban Sanitation
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Hospital Waste
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Bio-Medical Waste …
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rules-1998)
Landfill (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/landfill)
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• Chandigarh terminates Jaypee’s contract for
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• Bezwada Wilson, a Magsaysay winner who eradicated
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/bezwada-
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scavenging-in-india-55077)
• CSE releases first-of-a-kind study on waste
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54836)
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cities
The concept of sustainable cities can be a confused one when
it attempts to cater to all interests
(https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Interrogating
sustainable cities
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/interrogating-
sustainable-cities-56057)
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
By Harini Nagendra (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/author/harini-nagendra-
99733)
Last Updated: Wednesday 19 October 2016
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indicators and metrics to track progress. Yet
what do we mean by a sustainable city? It NEXT NEWS ❯
varies greatly.
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Heritage (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/heritage)
Pollution (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/pollution)
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a g e n c y -w e l c o mes -p l e d g e -t
improve-nutrition-51500)
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cleanest-indian-cities-released-modi-s-varanasi-
(http s://www.downtoearth.org.
misses-top-10-52828)
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No more N-I-M-B-Y
Our excessive reliance on 'others' to manage 'our' waste has
let the situation go out of hand
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
This article was co-authored by Viral Shah.
The first two months of this year, for Delhiites, NEXT NEWS ❯
It is estimated
(http://ijss.publicationsupport.com/docs/paper/Volume-1/issue_1/IJSS-
104.pdf) that the per capita generation of
municipal solid waste in Delhi is 500 grams per
day and over 50 per cent of this waste is bio-
degradable or recyclable. However, the type of
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
waste largely varies across the city according to
people’s lifestyle and income level. Thus, for NEXT NEWS ❯
the landfill.
Related Blogs
• Garbage is about recycling
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/garbage-
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
There is tremendous potential in group
housing societies to reduce the burden on civic
agencies by segregating waste at household
level. The organic waste, which is in majority,
can be composted at site or if feasible, there
can be a common composting site for a few
housing societies. The manure produced can
either be used for gardens in the housing
societies or for public parks. Manure can even
be sold to earn some revenue for sustaining the
system.
Success stories
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
each household must have a stake through
source segregation. Only when every citizen NEXT NEWS ❯
takes ownership of waste management will we
actually achieve a Swachh Bharat.
Waste Management
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste-
management)
Landfill (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/landfill)
Sanitation Workers
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waste segregation
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Waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste)
India (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/india)
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ww /daevlhei)n’t heard of anything like that
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recycling https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/garbage-is-
about-recycling-54116)
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.
stigma attached to the garbage sorting
business. In the capital, ventures like Raddi NEXT NEWS ❯
Express and Raddi Bazaar, and in Mumbai
Raddiwala have all made paper collection an
easy and profitable business.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
Matters are made worse because municipal NEXT NEWS ❯
accounts are a mess. Most urban local bodies
do not even maintain annual accounts. This
lack of finances for basic municipal services is
compounded by the fact that citizens do pay
for waste management—but not to the
municipal body. In most cities, residents,
particularly the affluent waste-generating
ones, have engaged private agencies to
undertake door-to-door collection. The
household pays for this service. But the agency
then takes the waste and invariably dumps it in
the municipal secondary collection station.
The transportation and processing of the waste
is then left to the already depleted finances of
the local body.
Waste Management
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management)
(https://www .downtoearth.org.
Solid Waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/solid-
waste)
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Waste Recycling
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste-recycling)
Garbage (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/garbage)
Informal Sector
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/informal-sector)
Plastics (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/plastics)
Municipal / …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/municipal-
household-waste)
Municipal Corporations
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corporations)
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Landfill (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/landfill)
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sanitation-wheel-53507)
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Swachh
Bharat
Mission,
the
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and conveyed for treatment. But in most cases,
our survey found the septic tank is not built to NEXT NEWS ❯
any specifications—it is a “box” to contain
excreta—and it is either connected to a drain or
emptied out. This is where the drama of faecal
sludge begins.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
cleaning our rivers remains a farfetched dream.
NEXT NEWS ❯
But this is not all bad news. The fact is that
septic tanks are decentralised waste collection
systems. Instead of thinking of building an
underground sewerage network—that is never
built or never completed—it would be best to
think of these systems as the future of urban
sanitation. After all, we have gone to mobile
telephony, without the landline. Individual
septic tanks could be the way to achieve full
sanitation solutions. This demands three
changes. One, governments recognise that
these systems exist, and what is needed is to
incorporate them in future sanitation plans.
Two, they provide oversight to the building of
these systems— the codes exist, but they need
to be implemented and structures certified.
Three, they provide minimal regulation for the
collection and transportation faecal sludge
business so that waste is taken for treatment,
and not dumped somewhere.
Faecal sludge
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Toilets (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/toilets)
Sanitation
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Sewage Treatment …
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plants-stp)
Wastewater Recycling
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/wastewater-
recycling)
Waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste)
India (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/india)
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• Faecal sludge management gets world attention
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(https://www.d owntoearth.org.
• Swachh Bharat cess: A few states may not agree on it
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/swachh-
bharat-cess-a-few-states-may-not-agree-on-it-51314) NEXT NEWS ❯
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WASTE
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How Sweden got out of the
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/waste-i-haven-t-heard-of-anything-like-that-47220)
garbage dumps
Less than one per cent of garbage goes to landfill; energy
from waste powers public transport, heats homes
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
Sweden to prepare a waste management plan.
Today, a mere 0.06 per cent of waste goes to a NEXT NEWS ❯
Waste Management
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste-
management)
(https://www .downtoearth.org.
Landfill (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/landfill)
NEXT NEWS ❯
university of borås
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/university-of-borås)
Waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste)
World (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/world)
Europe (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/europe)
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Related Stories
• Mind the waste
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/mind-the-
waste-9986)
• Treasure trove of trash
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/treasure-
(https://api.whattrsoavep-po.fc-toram
sh/-s5e0n5d2?9t)ext=Waste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
https://www.downtoear•thL.oocragl.sinin/bRlaojgas/twhans'tseK/wotaasdties-tir-ihcat vse
tonp-tb-huieldairndg-oof-anything-like-that-47220)
incineration plant
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/locals-in-
rajasthans-kota-district-stop-building-of-incineration-
plant-6002)
Related Blogs
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/e-waste-
disposal-what-india-can-learn-from-norway-48398)
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(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
By Sadia Sohail (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/author/sadia-sohail-1604)
Last Updated: Wednesday 08 July 2015
(https://api.Twhheat2s0
ap
1p5.crule/ssbenoda?stteoxtf=cWlaarsittey? aI nhadvleany’tdhoew
om arn
d of anything like that
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ogil/iw
tiaessteo/fwvaasrtieo-u
i-hsasvteank-e
t-h
heoald
rde-rosf-iannything-like-that-47220)
clear terms
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
The draft of e-waste rules, 2015, has broadened NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
According to the new rules, dealers have been NEXT NEWS ❯
mandated to collect e-wastes in a box or a bin
or else they can demarcate a deposit area.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
However, getting the authorisation and NEXT NEWS ❯
registration complete with other necessary
documentation was proving to be difficult for
new entrants.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
implementing EPR.
NEXT NEWS ❯
This authorisation can be taken from SPCBs if
their sale is limited to one state, but for pan-
India they will have to seek authorisation from
CPCB. EEE manufactures will have to seek
authorisation from the SPCB of the particular
state where they intend to manufacture their
items.
(https://www.d owntoearth.org.
authorisation from SPCB or CPCB and submit
state-specific plans. The state-specific EPR NEXT NEWS ❯
plans by the producers will be screened by
CPCB.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
human, financial and technical capacity of
SPCBs and CPCB, it will remain a challenge to NEXT NEWS ❯
monitor so many players.
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arads)
ste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
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producer-…
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/producer-
responsibility-organizations)
Pollution Control …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/pollution-control-
committees)
Hazardous substances
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/hazardous-
substances)
Extended Producer …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/extended-producer-
responsibility)
electrical and …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/electrical-and-
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
electronic-equipment)
E-waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/e-waste)
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what India can learn from Norway
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/e-waste-disposal-
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
what-india-can-learn-from-norway-48398)
EWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
NEXT NEWS ❯
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
post-consumer waste of their respective EEE
products. The e-waste rules were notified in NEXT NEWS ❯
2011 and came into effect in 2012. It has been
three years since the rules were notified and
two years since they came into force but only a
handful of companies have come forward to
manage the end of life cycle of the products
that have been put by them in the market.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
it extremely difficult to enforce and follow up
so many entities producing and importing NEXT NEWS ❯
electronics in the country. The deliberations
conceptualised the idea of EPR which
culminated in e-waste regulation.
The Ministry of Environment in Norway signed
an agreement to set up take back companies
(https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Waste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
with the producers and importers of electronic
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/waste-i-haven-t-heard-of-anything-like-that-47220)
waste as early as 1998. It was a voluntary
agreement and was later followed by an
e-waste regulation in 1999. Like the rules in
India, management of e-waste in Norway is
also a producer responsibility and producers
are defined as Norwegian manufacturers and
importers of EEE.
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
collectively,” says Silje Johanssen, an advisor
with Section for Waste and Biocides, NEXT NEWS ❯
Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA). Silje
explains that producers/importers of e-waste
in Norway are obliged to be members of a take-
back company and have to pay a fee for their
membership to the take-back companies. This
is how it provides the funding for collection
and treatment of the waste. The price for
membership differs according to product type.
Currently, there are five approved take back
companies in Norway with 5000 member
producers/importers.”
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
How the regulation improved management of NEXT NEWS ❯
e-waste in Norway?
“According
to reports
from the
take back
companies,
the material
recovery
rate of
collected
e-waste was
an astounding 82 per cent in 2012, and the
energy recovery (waste to energy) rate was
about 13 per cent. In Oslo, around 25 per cent
of the district heating comes from waste
incineration. Only about 5 per cent of e-waste
was reported to be land-filled in 2012,” tells
Silje.
(https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Waste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/waste-i-haven-t-heard-of-anything-like-that-47220)
Huge amount of recycling and recovery of
e-waste in Norway has only been possible due
to the presence of efficient take back system
and the collective interest of the producers to
comply with the legislations. In a stark
contrast, the formal collection mechanisms in
India are able to capture only five per cent of
the end of life EEE and a huge chunk lands in
the informal sector putting a question mark on
the recycling and recovery of e-waste. In the
absence of stringent regulatory framework
producers are having a free ride. It is also true
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
that it is difficult for individual producers to
fulfill all the parameters prescribed in the NEXT NEWS ❯
legislation, but they can do it at ease as a
collective organisation. Priti agrees that a
Producer Responsibility Organisations (PROs)
which could comprise of producers/industries
that work together to comply with the rules,
enforce EPR and take back or an independent
company taking charge of collection in the
lines of Norwegian system will work in India.
The process, however, needs to be tweaked
according to Indian requirements.
PROs (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/pros)
Producer …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/producer-
responsibility-organisations)
Norway e-waste
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/norway-e-waste)
(https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Waste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
NGT (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/ngt)
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/waste-i-haven-t-heard-of-anything-like-that-47220)
EPR (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/epr)
electrical and …
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/electrical-and-
electronic-equipment)
E-waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/e-waste)
Down to earth
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/down-to-earth)
Waste (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste)
India (https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/india)
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WASTE
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NEXT NEWS ❯
What is waste? According to the Oxford
dictionary, waste is anything that has been
discarded as no longer useful or required. True!
But wait a minute. Let us relook at the
definition—“discarded as no longer useful”
would mean that the resource has lost its value
to you, not to the person next to you. After all,
everything in this universe is made up of the
basic 109 elements of the periodic table, or the
five elements referred in the Hindu scriptures.
But what makes it useful or waste is the way
mankind blends these essential elements
together. Thus, whatever you are calling waste
today has some or the other of those elements
which, if recovered, would no longer be called
waste.
(h ttps://www.downtoearth.org.
discarding them as waste and mining for more
resources doesn’t lead us anywhere! Anyway, NEXT NEWS ❯
we are not going to leave any resource for the
next generations to mine. But yes, as
responsible ancestors, we are going to leave
them treasures that we today call waste-hills
and future mining companies would be seen
mining these resource-hills for finished
products!
I
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• Solid wealth
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• Wasted wealth
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/wasted-
wealth)
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
would repair it and give it to your watchman or
the driver. But irrespective of your generosity – NEXT NEWS ❯
you would find it worn by someone else
around. Never seen that! Start being more
observant please. Finally, when your
watchman, too, throws it, the rag-picker who
would pick it and take it to his station (usually
a shanty place near a city-drain) where he
would segregate it. He will pull the
polyurethane sole out of it (remember when
you were buying it and the showroom guy told
you that your shoe has a PU sole, comfortable
and light weight?), which would be sent to an
informal PU recycling unit and finally turned
into a slipper which would follow the same
recycling until the end of times perhaps. Then
come the laces, which would be sent to a
shoddy yarn unit. If you discard a shoe in
Delhi, you can find its laces in Panipat, which
has the largest number of shoddy yarn units in
the world. Shoddy yarn units convert rags into
riches; or to be more precise rags into threads
which are then turned into almost anything
you may want, ranging from blankets to bed-
sheets, to foot mats to even clothes. The metal
clasps on your shoes would go to a metal
recycler in Mayapuri and the leather on the top
would go to the tannery for re-use in some
(https://api.whatsapp.com/send?text=Waste? I haven’t heard of anything like that
other bag or wallet or a belt. So what is left of
https://www.downtoearth.org.in/blog/waste/waste-i-haven-t-heard-of-anything-like-that-47220)
your shoes now? Nothing! So the question is –
was it really waste like you thought of it to be?
The same happens to your toothbrush, to your
pens, to wire, to almost all that you call waste.
Vedic endorsement
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
whatever I am blabbering here has already
been documented very nicely in Sanskrit, our NEXT NEWS ❯
Vedic language.
Óñà Óñ«ÓñéÓññÓÑìÓñâ
–‘Óñ«ÓñòÓÑìÓñÀÓñâ
–‘ÓñéÓñ¿Óñ¥Óñ©ÓÑìÓññÓñâ”
Óñ¿Óñ¥Óñ©ÓÑìÓññÓñâ”Óñ«ÓÑéÓñâ
–“Óñ«Óñ¿ÓÑîÓñÀÓñºÓñ«ÓÑìÓÑñ
Óñà Óñ»ÓÑïÓñùÓÑìÓñ»Óñâ
Óñ¬ÓÑüÓñâ
–‘ÓÑüÓñÀÓÑïÓñ¿Óñ¥Óñ©ÓÑìÓññÓñâ”
Óñ»ÓÑïÓñ£ÓñòÓñ©ÓÑìÓññÓññÓÑìÓñâ
–‘ ÓñªÓÑüÓñ░ÓÑìÓñâ
–“Óñ¡ÓñâÓÑÑ
(https://www.downtoearth.org.
or ash, or some rich manure under the roots of
a shady tree! It’s very same with anything that NEXT NEWS ❯
we call “waste” today. It only loses its value
temporarily or just changes form and we start
calling it “waste”! But I think, we really need to
edit our dictionaries and before we pick up the
broom to clean our cities, we need to clean our
minds.
Waste as resource
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/waste-as-resource)
Down to earth
(https://www.downtoearth.org.in/tag/down-to-earth)
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