2naora ato and Proportion Search Home | abouethe math esque | Newnleters | Contestinformation/Samples | Schools and Registration Info| Online Store SUMMER MATH CAMP LATEST CONTEST TAKING MATH CONTESTS MATH LEAGUE SCHOOLS REGISTER FOR ny RESULTS ONLINE BOOKSTORE CONTESTS Ratio and Proportion Pare ape Math eague We Publahe 16 September 20 Ratio and Proportion ‘Smatig tos Prsearton ats ‘Santina ates Avoca of snd Ratio ‘Aras a comparson of numbers. We ganerlysaparie het ruber inte rato wih a on Suppose we want town the rao of and 12. We con wrt hs a8 612 ora a racton 8/2, and wa ay he ais gt ot, Examples: Jeannine has bag wih viaocastoties, 4 marbles, 7 books, an orange 1) mas he rat of bok Yo mares? Erpressed a a acon, wih he numerator el to fe fst quail an he denominsorequalo the second the answer woul be 7 “Two other ways of wring the a6 a8 to, and 7 2) Nas the rai of veocassales 1 the lll number olen the bag? “Thee ar 3 videocassaies, end 90447 += 15 dems ol, “The anaes canbe exorsses a 15, $1615, 06 3:15. Comparing Ratios “To compare aon wa hom a rations, The aioe are equal if thy are esa when wien a racons, Example ether fo 4 and 68 equ? The aos oe equa 314 = 88. “Those are equal hl oss products are ust that i, 3 x 8= 46 Since both af hose products equ 24, he snsweris yes, he aoe are eq ‘ro 017 na he same a rato of 7. Eranples: ‘othe atos 72 9nd 481 enue? Not e714 ond 36:72 aqua Noe at 714 ana 38/72 both equlto 12, so the me alos are equ Proportion -ntpsfwnww.mathleague. com/index phplaboutthe-mathJeaguelmathreference?d=80 132naora Rato and Proportion ‘A proponion ian aunton wth rao on each si, is 3 satement that wo ratios are ea = 68 an oxo ofa proportion. ‘When ane of he fourrumsar ina roparton i unknown, ees prod may be ued fn he unkrown riba. Tis scaled soln he proportion, ueton marks ot Into are rsquonty use nplaco of ho unkown uber. Using tos products wo se thal 2 n= 14 =4, 302 + 4 Ovding both sides by 2,0=4=2 so that n= 2. Rate fraction expressing arate has uns of estas inthe rumaratr an uns of onthe donna Problems involing rates ypcaly invoke sting vo tos equals each aher an sng fran unknown quay, hati, song a proprton Firing the ros produts and sting tem agua, meget 20 = 4 45, or 30% n= 180. Diving both ides by 90, we Sid tha n= 180+ 20 8 and he answer kn, Converting rates Wo compara rats just as we compre ras, by css atphing. When comparing rates, aways check fo se which unis of mmasuremert are beng used For instance, 3 bloters pe hours very ferent rom 3 malas pee ho Sklbreterahour= 3 klometeretour «1009 meter! klomatr = 3000 motrshour because tklometer equals 1000 tars; we “anca" the Kloster in converting othe unt of meters, Inport (re ofthe most uel ip in aking any mah or sclenes problem sto shay wile aut he unis when maliphing, didn, 2 convering rom one unto sna nay be ued in seg up a propotn. Te cower a hours, mil ii poten ters of Rue, Ony ne of ete uit Now nb the numb f hours kes Juan orn Than runing 8k in hours the same as renin 1 km inn hour. Sing the popes ‘Average Rate of Speed “The average rae of sod fo atte toll stance trol vied bythe fll ine of he hitpsflwww.mathleague.comindex phplabout-he-mathieagueimathveterence? 292naora Rato and Proportion Forth ret prof th ip, he walked for 8 4=2 hours. He chased he rab for2 = 200.1 hour. The tale for herp is 2+ 0.4 “he average rao of seed forhis rp is 102.1 = 100721 klometrs per hour. hitpsflwww.mathleague.comindex phplabout-he-mathieagueimathveterence? 2.3 ors a3