ENPH 131 Assignment #4

Solutions

Problem 12.96
The baseball player A hits the baseball with vA ! 40 ft ! s and ΘA ! 47 °. When the ball is directly above of player B he begins
to run under it.

a) Determine the constant speed vB at which B must run in order to make the catch at the same elevation at which the ball
was hit.

The horizontal and vertical speeds of the ball at A are

horizontal : vx 0 ! vA cos"ΘA #
vertical : vy 0 ! vA sin"ΘA #

Since B begins running when directly under the ball, B must run at the same horizontal speed as the ball in order to make the
catch. Assume the horizontal speed remains constant for the duration of the ball’s motion:

vB ! vx 0 ! vA cos"ΘA #
vB ! "40# cos"47 °#
vB ! 27.3 ft ! s

b) Determine the distance d.

First, determine the total time the ball is in flight. This can be done by applying eqn. 12-5 to the vertical direction:

1
sy ! sy 0 # vy 0 t # 2
ay t2

Since the ball is caught at the same height as it was hit, sy ! sy 0 . Also, vy 0 ! vA sin"ΘA #, and ay ! $g ! $32.2 ft $ s2 :

0 ! vA sin"ΘA # t $
1
g t2
2 vA sin"ΘA #
2

t!
2 "40# sin"47 °#
g

t! 32.2
t ! 1.817 s

This can be used, along with the constant horizontal speed of the ball, to determine the total distance travelled by the ball, sx :

sx ! vA cos"ΘA # t
sx ! vx t

sx ! "40# cos"47 °# "1.817#

sx ! 49.59 ft
2 ENPH 131 assignment 4 solutions.nb

sx ! vA cos"ΘA # t
sx ! vx t

sx ! "40# cos"47 °# "1.817#

sx ! 49.59 ft

d ! sx $ 15
d ! 49.59 $ 15
d ! 34.6 ft

Problem 12.106
The boy at A attempts to throw a ball over the roof of a barn such that it is launched at an angle ΘA ! 36 °.

a) Determine the minimum speed vA at which he must throw the ball so that it reaches its maximum height at C.

The horizontal and vertical speeds of the ball at point A are

horizontal : vx 0 ! vA cos"ΘA #
vertical : vy 0 ! vA sin"ΘA #

In the verticval direction, apply eqn 12-6:

vy 2 ! vy 0 2 # 2 a%sy $ sy 0 &

At point C, vy ! 0 and sy ! 8 m. Also, sy 0 ! 1 m and ay ! $g:

0 ! "vA sin"ΘA ##2 $ 2 g%sy $ sy 0 &

%2 g%sy $sy 0 &&
1!2

sin"ΘA #
vA !
"2 "9.81# "8$1##1!2
vA !
vA ! 19.9 m ! s
sin"36 °#

b) Find the distance d where the boy must stand so that he can make the throw.

First, find the time of the ball’s flight from A to C:

0 ! vA sin"ΘA # $ g t
vy ! vy 0 # a t

vA sin"ΘA #
t!
"19.94# sin"36 °#
g

t! 9.81
t ! 1.195 s
 ENPH 131 assignment 4 solutions.nb 3

0 ! vA sin"ΘA # $ g t
vy ! vy 0 # a t

vA sin"ΘA #
t!
"19.94# sin"36 °#
g

t! 9.81
t ! 1.195 s

Now, find the total distance travelled in the horizontal direction:

sx ! 0 # vA cos"ΘA # t
sx ! sx 0 # vx 0 t

sx ! "19.94# cos"36 °# "1.195#

sx ! 19.28 m

d ! sx $ 4
d ! 19.28 $ 4
d ! 15.3 m

Problem 12.115

of 2500 km $ h2 , determine the magnitude of the acceleration at the instant the speed of the car is 60 km ! h.
A car travels along a horizontal circular curved road that has a radius of 600m. If the speed is uniformly increased at a rate

a ! at # an

at is the tangential acceleration and is equal to the change in speed of the object. an is the normal acceleration and is given
by
v2
an ! Ρ

Ρ ! 600 m ! 0.6 km
"60#2
an !
an ! 6000 km $ h2
0.6

As noted, the speed is increasing at a rate of 2500km $ h2 , therefore

at ! 2500 km $ h2

The magnitude of the acceleration is given by

a ! %at 2 # an 2 &
1!2

a ! %25002 # 60002 &

1!2

a ! 6500 km " h2

Problem 12.144
The jet plane is traveling with a speed of 130 m ! s which is decreasing at 40 m $ s2 when it reaches point A.
4 ENPH 131 assignment 4 solutions.nb

a) Determine the magnitude of its acceleration when it is at this point.

The speed of the jet is decreasing at a rate of 40 m $ s2 , therefore

at ! $40 m $ s2

The normal acceleration, an , is given by

v2
an ! Ρ

However, the jet’s trajectory is non-circular and so Ρ is not constant. It can be determined using the equation given in Chpt.
12, pg. 56 in the textbook:

'1#"&y!&x#2 (
3!2

Ρ!
& y$&x
2 2

y ! 15 ln% 80 &
x

&y 15
&x
! x

&2 y $15
!
&x2 x2

At point A x ! 80 m:

'1#"15!80#2 (
3!2

Ρ!
$15$80 2

Ρ ! 449.36 m

v2
an ! Ρ
"130#2
an !
an ! 37.61 m $ s2
449.36

The magnitude of the acceleration is given by

a ! %at 2 # an 2 &
1!2

a ! %"$40#2 # "37.61#2 &

1!2

a ! 54.9 m " s2
 ENPH 131 assignment 4 solutions.nb 5

b) Specify the direction of flight, measured from the x axis.

&y
tan"Θ# !

*
&x
&y
ΘA ! arctan) &x

ΘA ! arctan"15 ! 80#
A

ΘA ! 0.185 rad ! 10.6 °

Problem 12.196
Determine the displacement of the log if the truck at C pulls the cable 7ft to the right.

Concider the entire length of the rope l as labelled on the diagram below:

s B # s B # s B # sC ! l

sB sC

Note that sB is the distance between the two pulleys; sA is the distance from the small pulley to the truck. Taking the
derivative of the above expression yeilds

3 ' s B # ' sC ! 0

The truck moves 7ft to the right, which means sc gets larger by 7ft:

' sC ! 7 ft

' sB ! $7 ! 3
3 ' sB ! $' sC

' sB ! $2.33 ft
6 ENPH 131 assignment 4 solutions.nb

Therefore sB gets smaller by 2.33ft and the log moves 2.33ft to the right:

d ! 2.33 ft