Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 4: Measuring Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Lab Report

Pre-lab Quiz Results

You scored 100% by answering 5 out of 5 questions correctly.

1. Cortisol
You correctly answered: d. is a hormone important in the body's response to stress.

2. ACTH
You correctly answered: d. is a tropic hormone that stimulates cortisol release.

3. CRH
You correctly answered: b. has a tropic effect on the anterior pituitary gland.

4. Cushing's syndrome refers to

You correctly answered: c. a hypercortisolism, which could be iatrogenic.

5. A condition of hypocortisolism
You correctly answered: d. refers to low levels of cortisol in the blood.

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Experiment Results
Stop & Think Questions:
Normally high levels of cortisol would inhibit release of
You correctly answered: c. both ACTH and CRH

Which hormone(s) stimulate(s) the pituitary gland to release ACTH?

You correctly answered: a. CRH

Experiment Data:

Patient Cortisol High/Low ACTH High/Low

(mcg/dl) (pg/ml)
1 3.43 Low 17.33 Low
2 34.87 High 12.92 Low
3 42.72 High 83.48 High
4 2.63 Low 97.81 High
5 48.13 High 19.42 Low

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Post-lab Quiz Results
You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly.

1. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted CRH increases, then

You correctly answered: c. the amount of secreted ACTH will increase.

2. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted ACTH increases, then

You correctly answered: d. the amount of secreted CRH will likely decrease.

3. Under normal conditions, if the amount of secreted cortisol increases, then

You correctly answered: b. the amount of secreted ACTH will likely decrease.

4. If a hypersecreting pituitary tumor develops, then an expected outcome is

You correctly answered: a. a diagnosis of Cushing's disease.

5. If a hypersecreting adrenal cortex tumor develops, then an expected outcome is

You correctly answered: b. abnormally low levels of CRH due to negative feedback.

6. A patient's chart lists the diagnosis of Addison's disease. Therefore, you expect
You correctly answered: b. abnormally high levels of ACTH.

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Review Sheet Results
1. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Cushing's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
Pasien nomor 3. Karena berdasarkan tabel Cortsiol and ACTH Disorders Cushing disease terjadi apabila terdapat cortisol
level dan ACTH level tinggi didalam aliran darah. Definisi dari Cushing disease adalah kelebihan sekresi hormon
adnrenocorticotropic (ACTH) oleh adenoma pituitari monoklonal jinak. Sekresi yang berlebihan dari ACTH menstimulasi
sekresi kortisol oleh kelenjar adrenal(Cortex) yang meningktan sirkuali dari kortisol.

Sumber:
Lonser, Russel R, Lynntte Nieman, and Edward H. Oldfield. CUshing's Diseases: Pathobiology, diagnosis and
management. Journal of Neurosurgery. 126.2. 2017:404-417.

2. Which two patients have hormone levels characteristic of Cushing's syndrome (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
Pasien no 2 dan 5. Karena kriteria dari Cushing syndrome adalah hiperkortisol, yaitu tingginya sekresi kortisol dan
rendahnya hormon ACTH. Cushing syndrome adalah kumpulan gejala klinis yang diakibatkan oleh efek metabolik dari
kadar glukokortikoid atau kortisol yang meningkat dalam darah. Gejala klinis penyakit ini berupa hipertensi, striae,
osteoporosis, hiperglikemia, moon face, buffalo hump, dsb.

Sumber:
1. J. Corwin, Elizabeth. Buku saku patofisiologi edisi 3. Jakarta: EGC. 2009

3. Patient 2 is being treated for rheumatoid arthritis with prednisone. How does this information change the diagnosis (view
Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)?
Your answer:
Prednisone menurunkan kadar kortisol dalam darah dengan menekan fungski kerja kelenjar adrenal. Hal ini akan
menurunkan kemampuan kortisol untuk rilis ketika distimulasi oleh ACTH. Hal ini terbukti dengan hasil eskperimen.

sumber:
Azis, Abdul Latief. Penggunaan kortikostreoid di klinik. 2006

4. Which patient would most likely be diagnosed with Addison's disease (view Table 4.1 in Experiment Results)? Why?
Your answer:
Pasien nomor 4. Dimana lever kortisol rendah dan ACTH tinggi, kortisol yang rendah dapat disebabkan oleh kerusakan
pada hiposfisis anterior dan ACTH yang meningkat. Penyakit Addison adalah insufisensi adrenal primer, penyakit ini terjadi
karena gangguan endokrin yang jarang terjadi tetapi berpotensi mengancam jiwa. Kerusakan korteks adrenal bilateral
menyebabkan penurunan produksi hormon adrenokortikal termasuk kortisol, aldostreon atau adrenal.

Sumber:
1. Munir, Sadaf and Muhammad Waseem. Addison Disease. 2017

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