DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are operationally and conceptually defined for better understanding

of the study.

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. A condition in which the woman bleeds from her uterus
at unexpected time. According to Brunner and Suddarth’s ( 2008 ) “ is abnormal bleeding that
has no known cause. The bleeding defined as irregular, painless bleeding of endometrial origin
that may be excessive, prolonged, or without pattern”. (p. 1639)

Anovulation. Defined as not accompanied by ovulation. According to Pilliteri (2014)

“absence of ovulation or release of ova from ovary”. (p. 170)

Dilatation and Curettage. Is a procedure which dilatation of the cervix utero followed
by a scraping of the endometrium with a curette. According to Brunner and Suddarth’s ( 2008 )
“ cervical canal is widened with a dilator and the uterine endometrium is scaped with
curette.”.(p. 1630)

Endometriosis. A condition resulting from the appearance of endometrial tissue outside

the uterus and causing pelvic pain. According to Pilliteri (2014) “ is the abnormal growth of
extrauterine endometrial cells , often in the cul-de-sac of the peritoneal cavity or on the uterine
ligaments or ovaries, and is one of the cause of dysmenorrhea in adolescents as cited by
Kennedy & Koninchkz ,2012”. (p. 1384)

Menometrorrhagia. Defined as combination of menorrhagia and metrorrhagia.

According According to Brunner and Suddarth’s ( 2008 )” is heavy vaginal bledding between
and during periods”. (p.1640)

Menopause. Defined as when woman stops having period. Accodin to Pilliteri (2014) “is
the cessation of menstrual cyle”. (p.96)

Menorrhagia. Is defined as prolonged or excessive bleeding at the time of the menstrual

flow. Accoring to Smeltzer, Bare (2004) it is usually related to endocrine disturbance, whereas in
later life it usually results from inflammatory disturbances, tumors of the uterus, or hormonal
imbalance. (p. 1392)

Metrorrhagia. Is defined as uterine bleeding between at irregular intervals. According to

Pilliteri (2016) “ is a bleeding between menstrual periods as cited by Davidson, Dipiero, Govoni,
2011”. (p. 1383)

Perimenopausal. Is a term used to denote the period during which menopausal changes
occur. According to Brunner and Suddarth’s ( 2008 )” is the period extending from the first
signs of menopause, usually hot flashes, vaginal discharges, or irregular menses—to beyond the
complete cessation of menses”. (p.1632)

Postmenopausal Bleeding .It describes as the time of life following the final menses.
(Pillitteri, 2010) )
 Retrovertd Uterus. Defined as uterus that tilted posteriorly. According to Pilliteri (2014)
“the entire uterus tips far back”. (p.90)