TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

938 AURORA BLVD., CUBAO, QUEZON CITY

“MIDTERM ESSAY”

SUBMITTED BY:
RUIZ, EDWARD JOHN O.

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. RICARDO VIBAS

DATE:
FEBRUARY 22, 2019
 CE 512
CE Laws, Ethics, Codes, and Standards

RA 9514 Fire Code of the Philippines

Being the civil engineer for the project it is a must according to the Fire Law
to observe and promote the guidelines in fire prevention and implementation
of fire emergency routine. Being the designer of the building there must be
sufficient fire protection systems including fire prevention, fire killers and
emergency fire training and proper implementation. The main objective is not
just to prevent fire. But also reduce the effect of fire. Including property
damages and life casualties. That is why this is very important to implement
this law and also the authorities for the fire law is also strict about this because
any permit will not be given unless they will pass first for the permit of Fire
protection. Failure to comply in these rules and regulations will result in fines
and suspension. And worst is that there will be people who will be affected if
there is a fire that will happen in the course of operation of the structure.
 CE 512
CE Laws, Ethics, Codes, and Standards

PD 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines

All building constructions shall be based and shall pass all requirements by the
law. Construction and operations are guided by this law. Safety of the building
and those who work on it is stated in this article. We need this to be able to
regulate and monitor the quality of the buildings. These codes have become
so integral to the building process that career contractors don't think twice
about them, and may even consider them an unnecessary or cumbersome
hoop they have to jump through. Ultimately, however, building codes are the
key to keeping the occupants in the buildings in our communities as safe as
possible. Building codes are a series of regulations, co-created by politicians
and building professionals, that are designed to govern the design,
construction, repair or alteration and general maintenance of buildings. These
codes apply to virtually every type of structure, from garages and houses to
schools, churches, agricultural and commercial buildings. For this reason, we
always recommend checking in with your local building department before
commencing the construction of any building on your property to make sure
you adhere to local building regulations. Failure to do so can result in serious
penalties, fines and even the demolition of your building if it doesn't meet the
current building code requirements.
 CE 512
CE Laws, Ethics, Codes, and Standards
PD 1594

The PD 1594 serves as the law for regulating the government projects to be
assigned to a private contractor. As a civil engineering student after I
graduate, I have a chance of working to this government projects or even the
private contractor. This will serve as the basis for the course of action that I
will be taking. The law indicates that the project must cover the rules and
regulation for contracts, this will ensure the quality and safety of the project.
Within the PD also states that there must be complete and adequate details
for the project to be considered for bidding, this is the case because the project
is a government project so the public will be widely using these
infrastructures. After all of the requirements of the project the next step is to
evaluate the contractors who will join the bidding, they must be qualified
according to the law. I also saw that the law prioritizes Filipino participation
making the progress local and will also help Filipino contractors. From all the
bidders the one with the lowest project cost will get the project and will be
awarded the contract. The winning contractor shall not assign or pass the
responsibility to other contractors. This will ensure that the contractor will not
alter and forfeit the project. They shall assume full responsibility to the
project. Adjustment of contract price for construction projects may be
authorized by the Minister of Public Works, Transportation and
Communications, the Minister of Public Highways, or the Minister of
Energy, as the case may be, upon recommendation of the National
Economic and Development Authority, if during the effectivity of the contract,
the cost of labor, equipment, materials and supplies required for the
construction should increase or decrease due to direct acts of the Government.
These adjustments must have a basis and must be proved needed for the
project so that the government will approve these changes. Same case with
the change of order, change order or extra work order may be issued only for
works necessary for the completion of the project and, therefore, shall be
within the general scope of the contract as bided and awarded. All changes
must go through inspection to prevent over spending for the project and will
also ensure the quality of the project. The government also have the right to
inspect the construction of the project and also the quality of materials that is
used. Any changes and failure to the requirements stated in the contract, the
contractor shall replace and correct all inspected works. If the contractor failed
to do so any of these requirements the government can take their award in
constructing the project and the government takes over. This law is important
for the protection of the money of the state and also for the safety of those
who will use the project.
 CE 512
CE Laws, Ethics, Codes, and Standards

RA 1378 Plumbing Law

This law regulates and protects the master plumbers so that they can
work in a well-suited environment and yield best results. In this section it tells
us about that all the applicants for registration of a master plumber is already
passed the masters. Becoming a licensed plumber can open the door to
numerous career opportunities and offers a wide variety of benefits. If you’re
interested in pursuing a plumbing career, then the next step is to learn what
it takes to make your goal a reality.
The path to becoming a plumber varies significantly from state to state
and even city to city. There are, however, a few requirements that most areas
have in common. The government requires all the plumbers to take an
examination for master plumber to have a licensed for them to design a safe
and economical plumbing system. Plumbing is used to ensure the safe delivery
of clean water. It brings comfort to our living as we are able to use it in several
functional areas. Such as kitchens, bathroom and so on without having a
thought of what it would have been if there was no supply of clean water for
us. That’s why we need a license plumber to assure everything in the plumbing
system.
 CE 512
CE Laws, Ethics, Codes, and Standards

1. How important is specifications in a construction project?

Specifications are important to have this results.

1) Adequate strength to carry loads.

2) Serviceability of structure.
3) Durability – time span for which it should serve satisfactorily.
4) Functional-to serve the purpose for which it is built.
5) Aesthetic-beautiful to look at-soothing effect.
6) Vaastu oriented-to take maximum advantage of Nature’s
energies.
7) Maintainability in service.
8) Adequate foundation.
9) Cost effective (economical)

2. What is a construction specification?

-Specifications describe the materials and workmanship required for a
development. They do not include cost, quantity or drawn information,
and so need to be read alongside other information such as quantities,
schedules and drawings.
-Specifications vary considerably depending on the stage to which the
design has been developed, ranging from performance specifications
(open specifications) that require further design work to be carried out,
to prescriptive specifications (closed specifications) where the design is
already complete.
-Having a prescriptive specification when a contract is tendered gives
the client more certainty about the end product, whereas a performance
specification gives suppliers more scope to innovate and adopt cost
effective methods of work, potentially offering better value for money.
-Products (by standard, a description of attributes, naming (perhaps
allowing equivalent alternatives) or by nominating suppliers).
-Workmanship (by compliance with manufacturers requirements,
reference to a code of practice or standards, or by approval of samples
or by testing).