TABLA de ALGEBRA Por: Fernando Valdés M ©, UTP, Pereira

1 a0 = 1 2 1n = 1 3 an am = am+n
an ( a )n an
4 = an−m 5 (ab)n = an bn 6 = n
am b b
1 ( a )−n ( b )n
7 a−n = n 8 = 9 (an )m = anm
a b a
n √ √
n √ √ n
10 (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 11 a m = m an 12 ab = n a b
√( ) √ √
a n
a m √ √ √ √
13 n
= √ n
14 n
a = nm a 15 ( m a)n = m an
b b
√ n √ √ √ √
16 m
an = a m 17 (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2 b + 3ab2 + b3 18 a − b = ( a − b)( a + b)
19 a2 − b2 = (a − b)(a + b)
20 (a − b)3 = a3 − 3a2 b + 3ab2 − b3 21 eln(x) = x
(a)
22 ln(ab) = ln(a) + ln(b) 23 ln = ln(a) − ln(b) 24 ln(an ) = n ln(a)
b
logk (x) 1 x
25 logb (x) = 26 logb (a) = 27 ax = b loga (b)
logk (b) loga (b)
√ √
28 ln(x + x2 − 1) −→ − ln(x − x2 − 1)

29 a3 − b3 = (a − b)(a2 + ab + b2 ); a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 − ab + b2 )
30 a4 + a2 b2 + b4 = (a2 + ab + b2 )(a2 − ab + b2 )
∑
n−1
31 a − b = (a − b)(a
n n n−1
+an−2
b + ··· + b n−1
) = (a − b) an−1−k bk
k=0

32 a − b = (a + b)(a
n n n−1
−an−2
b + ··· − b n−1
), si n es par
33 an + bn = (a + b)(an−1 − an−2 b + · · · − bn−1 ), si n es impar
34 (a + b)2 − (a − b)2 = 4ab
35 (a + b)2 + (a − b)2 = 2(a2 + b2 )
36 (a + b)4 − (a − b)4 = 8ab(a2 + b2 )
37 (x2 + x + 1)(x2 − x + 1) = x4 + x2 + 1
38 (a2 + b2 )(x2 + y 2 ) = (ax + by)2 + (ay − bx)2
39 a3 + b3 + c3 − 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 − ab − bc − ca)
1
40 a3 + b3 + c3 − 3abc = (a + b + c)[(a − b)2 + (b − c)2 + (c − a)2 ]
√2 √
41 a4 + b4 = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)(a2 + b2 − 2 2ab)