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Fungi used to be considered as a part of the plant kingdom, but they are now though to be
quite different.
The main part of the fungus is a mass of tiny thread called mycelium. Fungi live on the other
organic matter in the soil. Fungi are the most important agent in the breakdown of dead plant and
animal material, recycling it so that plants can use the nutrients. Fungi live in damp areas on in water
because they have no method of preventing their fragile threads drying out. They cannot survive
dry atmospheres. There are around 50,000 species of fungi and they include yeast, rusts, smuts,
mildews, mould and mushrooms.
76. What is the communicative purpose of the text?
a. To give entertainment or amusement to the readers
b. To describe the way things are, with reference to a range of nature.
c. To persuade the reader with its argument.
d. To present (at least) many different aspects of an issue
77. The text describes about…
a. species of fungi in the world
b. characteristics of plant kingdom
c. area where fungi live
d. fungi as a quite different plant
78. Which one of the following sentences is NOT TRUE according to the text?
a. Fungi have a method to survive in dry atmosphere
b. Mycelium is a mass of tiny thread of fungus
c. Fungi can survive only in damp area of water
d. Mushroom is one among the 50,000 species of fungi.
79. “……they have one method of preventing their fragile threads drying out”
The antonym of the underlined word is …..
a. brittle c. breakable
b. sturdy d. weak
A laptop is a portable device. This portability is very helpful for our work, study and other
activities. We do not need complicated cable installations to activate a laptop, and with a
laptop, we can do our work anytime anywhere.
Moreover, a laptop allows us to access the internet in public places which provide free
access called hot spot areas. Some people like to use this facility to carry out their tasks.
Finally, a laptop consumes energy more efficiently than a PC does. This device uses a
rechargeable battery as a source of electric energy. So if we prefer using a laptop, it means
that we support the government program to save energy.
1. A public place where we can have free access to the internet is a/an…
a. Free access
b. Hot spot
c. Internet installation
d. Laptop facility
e. Hot spot area
Faraday studied the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a DC electric current. While
conducting these studies, Faraday established the basis for the electromagnetic field concept
in physics, subsequently enlarged upon by James Maxwell. He similarly discovered
electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and laws of electrolysis. He established that
magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between
the two phenomena. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the
foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity
became viable for use in technology.
Although Faraday received little formal education and knew little of higher mathematics,
such as calculus, he was one of the most influential scientists in history. Historians of
science refer to him as the best experimentalist in the history of science. The SI unit of
capacitance, the farad, is named after him, as is the Faraday constant, the charge on a mole
of electrons (about 96,485 coulombs). Faraday’s law of induction states that magnetic flux
changing in time creates a proportional electromotive force.
Faraday was the first and foremost Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution
of Great Britain, a position to which he was appointed for life.
Albert Einstein kept a photograph of Faraday on his study wall alongside pictures of Isaac
Newton and James Clerk Maxwell.
Faraday was highly religious. He was a member of the Sandemanian Church, a Christian
sect founded in 1730 that demanded total faith and commitment. Biographers have noted
that a strong sense of the unity of God and nature pervaded Faraday’s life and work.