ABO

Licensed Dispensing Optician, also called LDO or Optician is a licensed profession that can earn you a
decent living and a professional job. In most states, presence of LDO is required in the Vision Center in
order to dispense any glasses to a patient. Each state has different requirements regarding how to
become a Licensed Dispensing Optician. However, in most states you are required to either have formal
education through authorized university program or have practical experience of 3 years in the field of
eye care. You also have to pass either ABO exam, NCLE exam or both. With some dedication and help,
you may land yourself a great professional career and good earning for your family. So, buckle up and
get started.

Step 1. Find out what are the requirements in your state for being a Licensed Dispensing Optician and
then find a book and start studying.

Some concepts are hard t understand, but don’t worry, very soon you will get hang of it.

Class notes of Anatomy of eye:

The eye is our organ of sight. The eye has a number of components which include but are not
limited to the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, macula, optic nerve, choroid and
vitreous. Cornea: clear front window of the eye that transmits and focuses light into the eye.
Each one of these organs are very vital,

Understanding anatomy of eye is vital to passing ABO or NCLE exams. As you can see in above picture,
eye is an intrinsic and delicate organ that needs careful understanding of each section.
A thin membrane that consists largely of blood vessels that nourishes the outer part of the
retina. It is the most posterior part of the vascular coat (sheet) of the eye and is located between
the sclera and the retina. It is difficult to estimate the thickness of the choroid because of the
numerous vessels. It is thickest in the macular area, posteriorly (about 0.22 mm) and thinnest
anteriorly (about 0.1 mm) near the ora serrata where it ends along with the retina.
Iris:
A thin circular disc that gives our eyes their “color” and acts like the diaphragm of a camera. It
is perforated near its center by a circular aperture called the pupil. The pupil varies greatly in
size under different levels of light. It regulates the amount of light which reaches the retina by
constricting in bright light and dilating in dim light. It also constricts during. Pupil and Iris diagram
of the eye from Master Eye Associates eye doctors resized 600 accommodation (focusing for
near vision) to sharpen the focus by diminishing spherical aberration. Eye color is controlled by
the amount of pigment deposited in the layers of the iris. Blue eyes have less pigment deposited
and brown eyes have more pigment in the iris. It is true that most babies of the white race are
born with blue eyes. As time goes on in an infant’s eyes the pigment can change.