1.

DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY PROCEDURES

A. RADIOGRAPHIC REPORT

DIAGNOSTIC/ DATE INDICATIONS RESULTS NORMAL ANALYSIS AND

LABORATORY ORDERED VALUES INTERPRETATION
PROCEDURES DATE (Patient-Based)
RESULTS IN
Chest X-ray DO: 7-19- A chest x ray Clear lung --- Normal chest
is a painless,
12 fields, heart findings.
noninvasive
DI: 7-19-12 test that not
creates
enlarged,
pictures of
the structures diaphragm
inside the
and bony
chest, such
as the heart, thoracic
lungs, and
are intact.
blood vessels.

This test is
done to find
the cause of
symptoms
such as
shortness of
breath, chest
pain, chronic
cough (a
cough that
lasts a long
time), as well
as fever.

Nursing Responsibilities:
Prior:
 Explain the procedure.
 Explain the purpose and what to expect.
 Inquire whether the client may be pregnant to prevent exposure of the
fetus to x-ray.
  No food or fluid restrictions.
 Remove all metal objects from the body.
 Check that the patient has emptied the bladder before the test
commences.
 Allow the patient to use a protective lead shield.

During:
 The client is generally required to stand for various views; if the client is
unable to stand, views may be obtained in a sitting position, or a portable
x-ray may be obtained.
 Instruct client to inspire deeply and hold the breath.
After:
 After the test, the patient should be returned to their normal activities if
these have been disturbed, i.e. eating and drinking, as quickly as possible.
 Keep the past records especially the latest ones.
 Document.

B. CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (FLUID AND ELECROLYTES)

DIAGNOSTI DATE INDICATIONS RESULT NORM ANALYSIS AND

C/ ORDERE S AL INTERPRETATION
LABORATOR D VALUES (Patient-Based)
Y DATE
PROCEDURE RESULTS
S IN
Calcium DO: 8-3- Serum calcium test is 1.02 1.13- Ms. Ovary’s
ordered to screen for,
12 1.32 serum calcium
diagnose, and monitor a
DI: 8-3- range of conditions mmol/L level is below
relating to the bones,
12 the normal
heart, nerves, kidneys,
and teeth. Blood calcium range indicative
levels do not directly tell
 how much calcium is in of
the bones, but rather,
hypocalcemia.
how much calcium is
circulating in the blood.
Magnesium DO: 8-3- A magnesium test checks 0.60 0.73- Ms. Ovary’s
the level of magnesium in
12 1.06 serum
the blood. Magnesium is
DI: 8-3- an mmol/L magnesium
important electrolyte nee
12 level is below
ded for proper muscle,
nerve, the normal
and enzyme function. It
range indicative
also helps the body make
and use energy and is of
needed to move
hypomagnesem
other electrolytes
(potassium and sodium) ia.
into and out of cells.
Potassium DO: 8-3- A potassium test checks 3.70 3.50- Ms. Ovary’s
how much potassium is in
12 5.50 potassium level
the blood. Potassium is
DI: 8-3- both an electrolyte and a mmol/L is within normal
mineral. It helps keep the
12 range.
water (the amount of fluid
inside and outside the
body's cells) and
electrolyte balance of the
body. Potassium is also
important in how nerves
and muscles work.
Sodium DO: 8-3- A sodium test checks how 142 135-150 Ms. Ovary’s
much sodium
12 mmol/L sodium level is
(an electrolyte and a
DI: 8-3- mineral) is in the blood. within the
Sodium is both an
12 normal range.
electrolyte and mineral. It
helps keep the water (the
amount of fluid inside and
outside the body's cells)
and electrolyte balance
of the body. Sodium is
also important in how
nerves and muscles work.
Nursing Responsibilities:
Prior:
 Define and explain the test.
 State the specific purpose of the test.
 Explain that there is no special preparation.

During:
 Use the sterile technique.
After:
 Keep the past records especially the latest ones.
 Document.

C. COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

DIAGNOSTTIC/ DATE INDICATION(S) RESULTS NORMAL ANALYSIS AND
LABORATORY ORDERED VALUES1 INTERPRETATION
PROCEDURES DATE
RESULT(S)
 IN
Hematocrit DO: 8-3-12 The hematocrit 0.30 0.36-0.45 Ms. Ovary’s
(Hct) DI: 8-3-12 shows the hematocrit
oxygen- level is below
carrying the normal
capacity of range which
the blood. This indicates a low
value also tells concentration
whether the of red blood
blood is too cells within the
thick or too blood volume.
thin.
Useful as a
measurement
of red blood
cells only if the
hydration of
the client is
normal.
Hemoglobin This is a test of 105 123-153 Ms. Ovary’s
(Hgb) measure of the g/L hemoglobin is
total amount below the
of hemoglobin normal range
in the blood. It which is
is used as a indicative of
rapid direct anemia.
measurement
of the red
blood cell
count. It is
repeated
 serially in
patients with
on going
bleeding or as
a routine part
of the
complete cell
blood count. It
is an integral
part of the
evaluation of
anemic
patients.
Hemoglobin
acts as an
important
acid-base
buffer system.
Leukocytes  WBC or 10.23 4.50- Ms. Ovary’s
11x10^9/L
leukocytes leukocyte
are cells of count is within
the immune the normal
system range.
which
defend the
body
against
both
infectious
disease
and foreign
 materials.
 evaluates
the body’
capacity to
resist and
overcome
infection
 to detect
leukemia
 to
determine
severity of
infection.
Neutrophils A neutrophils 0.77 0.18-0.70 Ms. Ovary’s
test helps us neutrophil
detect the count is above
levels of the normal
neutrophils in range which is
our body. indicative of
These impaired
neutrophils are immune system
an integral part suggesting
of our immune acute bacterial
system and infection.
through a
process called
chemotaxis,
they reach any
place where
an infection
has occurred.
 These cells
take about an
hour to reach
the site of
infection. In
fact, they are
one of the
main
components of
pus and are to
blame for its
whitish color. It
is also
important to
go in for a high
neutrophils
blood test as
they are
indicative of
extremely high
levels of stress
in an
individual.
Lymphocytes This test 0.18 0.10-0.48 Ms. Ovary’s
measures the lymphocyte
number of count is within
lymphocytes (a the normal
type of white range.
blood cell) in
blood. It is used
to evaluate
 and manage
disorders of the
blood or the
immune
system. It is also
used to
evaluate and
manage
certain types
of cancer and
tumors.
Monocytes This test 0.05 0.00-0.04 Ms. Ovary’s
measures the monocyte
amount of count is slightly
monocytes in above the
blood. normal range
Monocytes are which is
a type of white indicative of
blood cell impaired
(WBC). This test immune system
is used to as well as the
evaluate and presence of
manage blood cancer.
disorders,
certain
problems with
the immune
system, and
cancers,
including
monocytic
 leukemia. This
test may also
be used to
evaluate for
the risk of
complications
after a heart
attack.
Platelet Count A platelet 158 150- Ms. Ovary’s
400x10^9L
count may be platelet count
used to screen is within the
for or diagnose
normal range.
various
diseases and
conditions that
affect the
number of
platelets in the
blood. It may
be used as
part of the
workup of
a bleeding
disorder, bone
marrow
disease,
or excessive
clotting
disorder, to
name just a
few.

The test may

used as a
monitoring tool
for people with
underlying
 conditions or
undergoing
treatment with
drugs known to
affect
platelets. It
may also be
used to
monitor those
being treated
for a platelet
disorder to
determine if
therapy is
effective.

Nursing Responsibilities:
Prior:
 Explain the procedure.
 Explain the purpose and what to expect.
 No food or fluid restrictions.
 Check the doctor's order.

During:
 Do not take the blood sample from hand or arm with receiving IVF.
 The tourniquet should be less on a minute.
 Do not squeeze the punctured site rightly.
 Wipe away the first drop of blood.
After:
 Label the specimen.
 Secure the results.
 Note for inflammation of punctured site.
 Document.