book reviews student with some background in high
school chemistry, although a9 the authors
Fundamentals of Chemistry
Frank Brescia, John A~enls, Herbert
Meislich, and Amos Tu&, all of the City
College of the City University of New
York. 2nd ed. Academic Press, Inc.,
New York, 1970. xxi + 796 pp.
Figs. and tables. 18.5 X 26 om.
$10.95.
It has been four years since the first
edition of this book was published and the
See https://pubs.acs.org/sharingguidelines for options on how to legitimately share published articles.
number of pages has been cot from 816 to
796. Even though the new edition has
slightly larger dimensions, the total
amount of reading material is 5 4 % less
because of the wide margins provided for
notes in the new edition. In the
Downloaded via 103.85.228.15 on July 4, 2018 at 05:50:58 (UTC).
reviewer's opinion this is a trend in the
right direction because many freshman
chemistry texts are becoming unwieldy
both in size and words.
The order in which material is pre-
sented, although essentially the same as
the previous edition has undergone some
rearrangement, i.e., organic chemistry
now appears in the last third of the text
rather than the first third. Although new
titles to chapters have been added, such
as the Chemistry of Representative
Elements, the Chemistry of the Transition
Elements, Radiation and Matter, and
Separation and Purifioation, much of the
material in these chapters appeared in the
first edition a t different places. An
exception is the chapter on Radiation and
Matter. The treatment of entropy is
enlarged as is the presentation of reaction
-Reviewed in this lssu-
Editor: W. F. KIEFFER
College of Woator
Wowler, Ohio
mechanisms, wave mechanics, and acids
and bases-hard and soft acids now
appear. Material which is given less
emphasis is qualitative analysis, metal-
lurgical processes, and some historical
development. Some of the full page
diagrams have been decreased in size.
Important words, phrases, sentences, and
definitions are given in italics and the
paragraph headings are put in the margins.
In the first edition, these items were in
heavy hlack print.
Once again, sample problems are well
explained and set apart from the body of
the text by a different color print. (Sec-
ond edition-a light green versus s. heavy
black print in the first edition.) Mast of
the extensive list of problem a t the end of
each chapter are different than those in the
first edition and furthermore, the total
number and varieties of problems has
been greatly increased (about 40% more
problems per chapter). For example the
chapter on Atoms and Molecules has the
greatest number with 78 different prab-
lems; most chapters offer 20-30 different
ones and only one chapter (Intermolecular
Forces) offers very few with only 8.
Answers are given to all of the numerical
problem. In the reviewers opinion, this
wide selection of problems is a big help to
the busy general chemistry teacher. If
there is a teacher's manual to accompany
the hook, which gives detailed answers to
all of the questions, it would he of ex-
ceptional value as a time saver.
The hook seem to he aimed at the good
Volume 48, Number 2, Febr'uary 1971
say, "it can he handled, with some per-
severance, even by the student who has
not had the high school course." I t
would be worthwhile for general chemistry
teachers to consider this text for their use.
DONALD
B. SUMMERS
N m Mezico Slate University
Las Cruces, New Mezieo 88001
Principles of Chemistry:
A Structural Approach
Garth I m , Utah State University,
Logan. International Textbook Ca.,
Scranton, Pennsylvenia, 1970. xiii +
713 pp. Figs. and tables. 18.5 X 26
om. $11.25.
This new entry to the field of freshman
texts is intended far use in general ohem-
istry courses for chemistry majors and
other science or engineering-oriented stu-
dents. A knowledge of high-school chem-
istry is recommended, but sufficientfunda-
mental material is included so that it
could be used by intelligent students with
no chemistry background. Algebra. is, of
course, s prerequisite, hut ealculus is not
required.
Professor Lee effectively utilizes his
years of teaching and previous writing
experience as ca-author of the text, "Gen-
eral Chemistry: Inorganic and Organic,"
designed for s. less rigorous course (see
J. CHEM.EDUC.43, 166 (1966)). His new
volume uses an approach which is diflerent
and a bit more sophistimted than any
high-school program including the Chemi-
cal Bond Approach and Chem Study, and
should prove interesting and challenging to
bright, well-prepared beginning chemistry
students. The hook is neatly attract,ive
and effectively illustrated by Richard S.
Bird in a two-color format.
Dr. Lee refreshingly takes the historical
approach in describing the development of
some concepts to lend interest and to
provide a basis for an apprecistion of the
scientific method. Topics snd principles
stressed are: the kinetio theory as it
applies to the three states of matter,
atomic structure, bonding, solutions, rates
of reaction, chemical equilibrium, and
electrochemistry. Thermodynamics does
not appear as a. separate study but is
introduced and applied where needed.
The chapter on bonding is, without doubt,
one of the best organized presentations of
introductory molecular orbital theory
presently on the market.
Eight of the chapters contain discussions
of tne elements and their inorganic com-
pounds in t e r m of the principles and are
correlated with atomic and molecular
structure and with the position of the
element in the periodio table. A student
taking a course based on this text would
not likely believe silver chloride to he a
"pale green gas" (J. CHEM.EDUC. 47, 27
(1970)). Organic chemistry is not in-
cluded in the text, but this is not a draw-
back since the chemistry majors would he
taking later courses in that subject.
(Continued on page A 108)
/ A107
 Experimenlal Physical Chemistry
book reviews Farrington Daniels, et al., University of
Wisconsin, Madison. 7th ed. Mc-
The quantitative chapters contain an Grm-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York,
abundance of example problems with t,he +
1970. xiii 669pp. Figs. and tables.
solutions clearly shown, complete with 19.5 X 24.5 om. $9.95.
units, and the answers given to the ap-
propriate number of significant figures. A seventh edition of the original 1929
Numerous exercises with answers appear "Experimental Physioal Chemist,ry7' by
within the chapters and additional ex- Daniels, et aI. is now available. On the
ercises are provided at the end of each s~.ri.,w, the uttl~,r.:2ppe.t~t t , h : t w n d r :t
chapter so that a. snpplement,ary problem tla,rw&pinc rrvi-ion <,I 11w +xth I'ni?
hook is unnecessary. t:d11101~. TIP i l l ~ ~ - ~ r i t t i oh~t t. w
- lwcn
The useful appendix contains s. luoid redrawn in a more modern style. All of
discussion of significant figures, brief t,he references have been rewrit,ten to con-
reviews of the exponential form, the use of form with current style. The majority
logarithms, straight line equations, and of t,he experimenis retained from t,he Sixt,h
of calculation of the diameter of a sphere Edition cont,ain minor changes intended to
that fit,s various crystal holes relative toimprove t,he clarity of discussion or reflect
the diameter of the spheres surrounding advances in technique and instmmenta-
the hole. I t also includes the periodic tion.
table, four-place logarithms, and answers Important changes are present, too.
to selected exercises. There are five new experiments. Vsouum
I n summn-ry, serious consideration Technique, which is an exercise in the use
should he given to this text by professors of a glass vacuum line, is a ges density-
who favor a, modern, strongly structural molecular weight determination which
qproach for science-oriented students. replaces the Victor Meyer method found
Properly used, i t should supply a firm in earlier edit,ians. Experiment 6 is a
fonndation for further courses in chem- direct det,erminzt,ion of AH,' for TiCL by
istry. For those not teaching such a calorimetrio met,hods; it reqoires glass-
oonrse. the volume still would he useful blowing experience and may he fairly
hasardoue. Experiment 33 is a det,ermim-
tion of dipole moment., from gas dielectrio
la=orbital theory. constants which uses the heterodyne heat
method. Experiment 40, Infrared and
ALDERTINE KROHN Ramin Spectra of Triatomic I\lolecnles,
University qf Toledo provides an illustration of the power of
Toledo, Ohio combining the two spectrascopic tech-
A108 / Journal of Chemical Educafion
niques. This experiment can he made
even more powerful by the use of gas-
phase Raman equipment, now available in
many laboratories. Experiment 43, Elec-
tron Spin Resonance, another new experi-
ment, provides an exercise in the technique
of esr. In addition, major changes have
been m d e in the techniques used in the
experiments on Sedimentation Rate, nmr,
and Rubber Ela-ticiby. Several experi-
ments in the Sixth Edition have been
deleted: t,he Victor Meyer molecular
weight determination, t,he ethanol-acet,ic
acid est,erificetion equilibrium, the FIitt,orf
method for transference numbers, the
dropping mercury elect,rode and the de-
termination of range and energy of b&
particles. A numher of other more classi-
cal experiments have been shortened or
combined. There is a brief sect.ion on the
use of computers in data processing and
three proflams including one for m e with
the experiment on vapor-liquid eqoilih-
rium. A short appendix snmmarizing
vector not,atian and msnipulations has
been added.
In spite of the changes, the emphasis of
the Seventh Edition is on fairly clessi~d
techniques. The importance of experi-
ments to biophysical chcmist,ry is not made
clear. The ORD exowiment, makes onlv
passing reference to the helix-mil experi-
ment. Chapter 15, Maoromoleeular
Chemistry, includes experiments on vis-
cosity of polymer solut,ions, osmotio
pressure, sedimentst,ion rate, and the
t,hermodynamics of rubber elsst,ioity, none
of which employs samples of hiologioal
(Continued on pago A 113)

book reviews
interest or empha~izesthe biological im-
portance of these techniques. The kinetics
experiments are very traditional and do
not reflect recent advances in the field.
There are no experiments on enzyme
kinetics, fast kinetics, fluorescence decay,
and no experiments which emphasize
the dependence of reaction cross-section
on energy. Most serious, perhaps, is the
lack of emphasis on the use of the digital
computer, which is one of the most im-
portant techniques a student of physical
chemistry can learn. The Seventh Edition
contains only a. short description of the
use of computers plus three programs.
There is no experiment in which the use of
s. computer is neeessav to interpret the
data, such as Fourier spectroscopy or an
X-ray experiment in which interrstomic
distances are obtained from intensity
data.
In all seven editions of "Experimental
Physical Chemistry'' the authors have
stated in the Preface, "The imperative is
not used. Procedures are described hot
orders are not given. The student studies
the experiment first and then plans his
work-a method which develops both his
power and his interest.'' Indeed, the
reader will not find an instruction such as
"Turn Stopcock B." He will find "Stop-
cock B is turned." Procedures are given
as a detailed set of "suggestions" in the
passive voice. The tone of the procedural
instructions, however, is inescapably
imperative, and this provides a focus for
my major criticism of this hook. "Experi-
mental Physioal Chemistry" is not a text
which encourages a. student to be creative
in the development of experiments. I t is
not a text which awakens or stimulates
scientific curiosity. I t cannot, therefore,
be recommended ss 8. text for use in courses
in which these things are important oom-
ponents. As a reference it will he valuable,
and it may be snitable for 8. course with a
heavy emphasis on experimental tech-
nique.
The flavor of the Seventh Edition of
"Experimental Physicd Chemistry" ~s appointing feature of the hook is the lack
essentially the flavor of the Sixth Edition.
I suspect that it is just this flavor which slightly remedied by a page of suggested
has caused Rome undergraduates to find further readings at the end of the book.
chemistry less ~alatable. In fairness I
must add that I am not familiar with anv
other laboratory text in physical ohemistr;
which provides m o h relief from this heavy
taste.
J. S. KITTELRERGERtoo many wrong i d e a shout the funda-
Amherst College mentals.
A mherst, Massachusetts 01002
Quantum Chemistry: Elementary
Principles and Methods
N . V. Rirgs, University of New England,
Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Maemillan Co., New York, 1969. ix + Practical Manual of Gas
243 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 24 cm.
$8.95.
The author of this introductory text is
an organic chemist, and the treatment is
particularly aimed at the needs of a he-
ginning organic student. This is perhaps
the strong point of the book. I t starts
with the standard topics: an introduc-
A1 12 / Journal of Chemical Education
tion to the Schrodinger equation, the
particle in a potential well, atomic orhi-
tals, and molecular orbital theory for sim-
ple molecules. The second half of the
hook is devoted to the theory of wnjw
gated orgenic molecules. These are
treated in considerable detail a t the level
of Hiickel theory. Particular emphasis is
placed on the use of nonbonding r orbitals
and on the interpretation of the reactivi-
ties of conjugated molecules. Although
the author uses Hiickel theory almost ex-
clusively, he takes pains to point out the
rather artificial nature of the approxima-
tion. For example, he shows what a wide
variety of values for the semiempirical
resonance integral are obtained by fitting
various spectroscopic and thermochemical
data. A few p q e s are devoted to men-
tioning various methods for improving on
Hiickel theory.
Unfortunately, the hook contains many
incorrect and misleading statements. A
few examples may he mentioned here.
On p. 7 the author states that a free part,i-
cle cannot be at rest, but must have non-
sero momentum; in fact there is no reason
to exclude the solution for zero momen-
tum. The table of hydrogenic wave
functions on p. 37 will certainly leave a
student with the impression that the real
2p. and 2p, wave functions are to be asso-
ciated with the values +1 and - 1 of the
magnetic quantum number m. Later on
the author does say that this is not really
true, hut without ever indicating any re-
lationship between the quantum numbers
and angular momentum. The list of
orbitals for homonuclear diatomic mole-
cules on p. 90 makes the same error as
many freshman texts in placing the 2pr
orbital lower in energy than the Zp,. The
normal order is the reverse, as shown, for
example, by the ground states of C2 and
Nn+. On p. 6 3 the author refers to the
self-consistent field method as giving the
"most complete and accurate calcula-
tions!' This is far from true. The Born-
Oppenheimer approximation is mentioned
on p. 68, hut no student would grasp the
nature of this very important concept
from the description given. Another dis-
of any references in the text. This is only
In summary, the book is a fairly good
introduction to Huckel theory for conju-
gated organic molecules. On the other
hand, this reviewer cannot recommend it
as s text for an introductory course in
quantum theory as the student would get
S. J. STRICKLER Most of the useful information in this
Univwsitz, of Colorado
Boulder
Chromatography
Edited by Jean T~anchant,Laboratoire
Central des Poudres, Paris. American
Elsevier Publishing Co., Inc., New
York, 1969. xix + 387 pp. Figs. and
tables. 16 X 23 om. $30.
This book is the Erst English translation
of the second French edition. The trans-
lation has permitted some revision and the
addition of some references. The most
recent references me from 1968. Six
Frenchmen (including the editor who
wrote four chapters) have contributed the
nine chapters. They write with authority
and draw on their extensive experience in
evaluating the literature. The coverage is
wide although no hook of this size could
he exhaustive. It has a European flavor
which is natural. About 1600 references
are included, doubtlessly some of them
duplicates.
Probably the most useful chapter is the
last one, Application and Techniques, 92
pages long, by Serpinet. In it, laboratory
procedures are given for eleven types of
samples. Thus this book is not as com-
plete in this type of practical information
as Burchfield and Storrs ("Biochemicd
Applications of Gas Chromatography,"
Academic, 1962). Rather it is more
nearly comparable to the book edited by
Ettre and Zlatkis ("The Practice of Gas
Chromatography," Interscience, 1967).
An over-ridine consideration in the com-
pariwn of t h I W~D h m~k l : i i that b:ttrp i~
abut LOO pngri longer and vu.1.i :xl>out515
less.
Indeed, any book of less than 400 pages
which costs $30 had better he a very good
one. Unhappily Tranchant does not
measure up. The paper in this book is of
poor quality except for thirty pages near
the beginning, which for some reason are
printed on a better quality. The refer-
ences at the end of each chapter are
arranged differently in each chapter and
none of them is very logical. This is
especially unfortunate since there is no
overall author index, and the subject
index is poor. A short section on the
literature of gas chromatography is not
as well done as that by Ettre.
The hook contains needless duplica.tion
of which the following is typicd In
Chapter N, Apparatus, it says; "In order
to make & so-called 'traditional' column,
tubes of stainless steel, copper, glass, or
plastic material may be used. The rea-
sons for chdosing a particular material are
dealt with in Chapter V." The relevant
one-half page in Chapter V, Columns,
begins with "Columns may he prepared
from stainless steel (soft), copper, alumi-
num, or glass (silver and plastic materials
are seldom used)!' There is no need to
repeat this type of information, hut since
the editor took time in Chapter IV to note
this cross-reference, he should have at
least seen to it that the sentences were
consistent.
book, like the tables and procedures, are
also included in Ettre's book which would
make a less expensive reference work.
For individual student use, McNair and
Banelli's book ("Basic Gas Chromatog-
raphy;' Varian Aerograph, 1969) also
contams much valuable practical informa-
tion at alower price ($5).
JAMES M. MILLER
Drew University
Madison, N. J.
(Continued on page A 116)

book reviews
Approximate Molecular Orbital Theory
John A. Popre, Carnegie-Mellon Uni-
versity; and David L. Bewidge, City
University of New York. McGraw-
Hill Book Company, New York, 1970.
+
viii 214 pp. Figs. and tables. 15 X
23.5 om. $10.
Although r electron molecular orbital
theory is quite successful in elucidating
many chemical and physical properties of
planar conjugated molecules, many at-
tempts to calculate those of nonplanar
molecules with the r electron molecular
orbital methods were also considerably
successful. However, ss Dewar points
out (see Dewar's "The Molecular Orbital
Theory of Organic Chemistry") r electron
MO theory is still of limited chemical
value; it cannot even be applied to reac-
tions of conjugated molecules since transi-
tion states do not normally have the sym-
metry necessary far the r electron MO
approximation to he applicable, nor can it
be applied to many problems concerning
the behavior of nonconjugated molecules,
such as conformational equilibria and
steric hindrance. Furthermore, the suc-
cess of nonplanar molecular calculations
was restricted to very limited series of
molecules. Therefore, one of the main
features of recent semiempirical quantum
chemical calculations is the growing in-
terest in extensions and modilicrttions of
the r electron MO theory to include all
A1 16 / Journal of Chemicol Education
valence electrons in the calculation. The
present book is the first textbook to
present the theory and methodology of
approximate SCF-MO theory for all
valence electrons.
The authon begin their presentation
with a brief discussion on quantum
mechanical background; then follows a
description of self-consistent field molec-
ular orbital theory. The energy expres-
sion for a dosed-shell configuration, the
Hsrtree-Fock equations for molecular
orbitals and LCAO molecular orbitals for
closed-shell and open-shell systems me
discussed. Hydrogen fluoride has been
used as an example to illustrate the LCAO-
SCF method. After presenting these
backgrounds of SCF MO theory, then
approximate molecular orbital thwries are
introduced. The development of CNDO
and INDO methods is stressed. The pro-
cedures of these methods are presented in a
quite extensive manner. NDDO method
is also described. In the last chapter of
this book, CNDO and INDO methods are
..
u l ~ geumerrie~,
r
.~
amdied to calculate and intemret molec-~~
eleetnmic rharge dlrribu-
Lids, rIe(.tron-PP~IImtd I I I I V I P L inter-
II.~~~
avtions, lwlear q,ilt and nrlrlear spin
interactions, etc. Listings of computer
programs for the actual carrying out of the
calculations are included in the appendix.
Throuahout the book, the nresent*
tions a< clear and easy to follo'w. This
book contains the best discussion of this
growing field I have ever seen. It is not
only an excellent textbook for students hut
also a useful reference for research workers.
The authors' insights on various problems
in this field make this book valuable to
research chemists. The hook should b e
long on the shelf of every quantum chem-
ist.
YUHKANGPAN
Boston College
Chestnut Hill, Mass. 02167
Radiation Protection and Senriliration
Edited by Harold Morosm, Sloan - Ket-
tering Institute for Cancer Research,
Rye, New York, and Maxello Quintili-
m i , Instituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome.
Barnes and Noble, Inc., New York, 1960.
xvi + 524 pp. Figs. and tables.
19 X 27 cm. $25.
This volume contains the proceedings of
the Second International Symposium on
Radiosemitivity and Radioprotective
Drugs held a t the Istituo Superiore di
Sanita, Rome, Italy, May, 1969. The
mog.orraph is conqwsed d ;r~esrchrcsdt.i
obtained . i r m the fird nlreting, which was
held I U 1964. and corn~risc;tivr review leo-
tures, and 68 invitedAandcontributed pa-
pers representing the work of 162 scien-
tists from 20 countries. The hook is writ-
ten in English.
Authors of individual papers and reviews
have prepared them well; an introduction
to the subject, experimental section (refer-
enced), results and discussion of the results
in terms of related researoh efforts are p r e
sented in each section. The five review
articles serve to provide the reader s
broader view of this vast area. of research
(Continued m page A 118)

book reviews
which encompasses the fields of organic
chemistry, radiation research, and molec-
ular hiology. These articles precede the
main or ti on of the monograph which deals
with mare specific research topics. The
editors have organized the contributions in
a systematic fashion and have included a
subject and author index. Participants
in the symposium sre also organized on the
basis of countrv in the beginning
- - of the vol-
ume.
Topid reviewed involve the molecular
mechenisms of cellular radio-sensitization
and protection, the repsir of DNA and the
mode of action of these compounds, di&
cussion of clinical investigations of halo-
genated pyrimidine analogs and radiosensi-
tization and the protection of biological
svstems from ionizina - radiation by sulfur -
containing compounds and those not wn-
taining this element (hypaxic agents and
autonomic amines). Papers are classified
biologically with 8 wnsidering molecular
processes, 27 involved with protection and
sensitization in single cells and 17 with
multicellulm systems, 10 wnsidering the
biochemistry and pha~mawlogyof protec-
tive and sensitizing compounds, and 4 in-
volved with clinicel investigations. While
most of these topics have been previously
reviewed in a number of texts and journals
owing to the rapid growth of information,
this volume is timely, interesting to read,
and informative. Unfortunately, it is al-
ready one year old.
This monograph should he included in
chemically and biologically oriented li-
braries serving research interests in free
radical processes (in vitro and in viva), radi-
ation research, cellular biology and hio-
chemistry, c a n m therapy, and drugs. In
addition to its obvious usefulness in re-
search, this work can serve as an idea
source for a multitude of chemically and
biologically oriented senior thesis problems
and may be utilized es a reference far infor-
mation to he incorporated into the free
radical chemistry section of undergraduate
and graduate organic (and especially or-
gan-biochemistry) courses and for out-
side lecture reading awignments. All pa-
pers and reviews are referenced. Al-
though much of this volume is probably
too advanced for the average undergradu-
ate student, superior students in chemistry
could conceivably gain muoh from reading
selected papers and reviews. A knowl-
edge of organic and biochemistry is a pre-
reauisite to thorouehlv understanding this
vofume. A biology major with no o%snic
chemical background would find most of
this work virtually impossible to under-
stand except in a. very qualitative sense.
In light, of the previous suggestions, this
reviewer recommends the purchase of this
monograph by undergraduate chemistry
libraries. Such a purchase would he
worthwhile if lecture material for organic-
major and, in particular, organic courses
designed for students entering the hiologi-
cal sscienoes or other areas were abstracted
from it and subsequently, reading assign-
ments were made.
DONALD T. WITIAK
College of Pharmacy
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43810
A1 18 / Journal of Chernicol Education
John Dalton and the Atomic Theory
Elizabeth C. Patterson, Albertus Magnus
College, New Haven, Connecticut.
Doubleday and Ca., Inc., Garden City,
New York, 1970. X + 348 pp. 15 X
22 cm. Hardbound, $6.95; softbound,
$1.95.
The 10-page Bibliography of hooks and
papers by and about Dalton and his
scwmplishments published in English
(items in other languages have not been
included) give an indication that this
is not a. neglected topic. However the
author's text reveds clearly that she has
resd and digested thii previous literature
snd used it well in constructing her very
readable and interesting hook. The more
than forty illustrations add significantly.
Furthemiore the issuance of a cheap
paperback edition was a wise move and
should aid in bringing this text into many
libraries and private collections. If a
library is to wntain only one hook on
Dalton and his theory the vohtme under
review should he chosen; larger wllections
should expand their holdings by adding
this most recent book.
John Ddton (1776-1844) pioneer phys-
icd chemist and meteorologist, who is
best known as "the father of the modern
atomic theory" was largely self-educated
and spent most of his life as a teacher of
mathematics and science in small schools
or as a private instructor. For many
years he faithfully recorded weather data
and left approximately 200,000 such
measurements. He was interested in the
physical behavior of gases and his law of
partial pressures is an important wn-
trihution. He devised a. series of picto-
graphic representations of the various
atomic species hut this was soon sup-
planted by the Berselian system which is
still in use. He depmted from the ancient
notions by insisting that each atomic
species wa? characterized by an "atomic
weight" and so quantified reactions. His
insistence on the weight aspects brought
him into conflict with such men as Davy,
Berzelius, Berthollet, and Gay-Lussac,
who accepted volnme relat,ionships as of
prime importance.
Dalton was not a polished speaker,
he had a poor pltatform manner but
nonetheless was frequently invited to
deliver courses of lectures. He published
only one book of consequence, namely his
"A New Sydem of Chemical Philosophy"
(Volume 1, 1808, Volume 2, 1810).
Practically all of his worthwhile work had
been published by the time he was 35
though he lived to he 68. Like his elder
brother Jonathan, Dalton suffered from
color blindness, a. defect that is still known
as daltonism. Though he certainly would
have disapproved, he was given a state
funeral, a n d a t least 40,000 viewed his
remains, though his eyes had been re-
moved in 8. vain attempt to discover the
reason for his colorhlindness.
The author is well known in history of
science circles. She has published ex-
cellent work and is a good teacher. She
has taken the existing literature on
Dalton as a foundation, and.has added
the fruits of her own investigations and
after five years of work has produced a
book that is deserving of a wide circu-
lation.
RALPHE. OESPER
University of Cincinnati
Cineinnati, Ohio, 46S81
Otto Hahn-Eine Bilddokumentalion
E m t Bhinger, Heinz Moos Verlt~g,
Hartnagelstrasse 11. 8032 Grafeling
vor M"nchen, West Germany, 1969.
108 pp. 137 illustrations. 22 X 24
cm. DM 18 (= approx. $5).
Otto Hahn (1879-19681, outstanding
German nuclear chemist, was best known
for his discovery (with the collaboration
of F. Strassmann) of the fission of uranium
atoms when bomberded with neutrons.
He had no part in the subsequent misuse
of his fundamental discovery and it was
reported, though erroneously, that he had
seriously considered wmmitting suicide
when informed of the dropping of the atom
bombs an Hiroshima. and Nagasaki.
Numerous other successes had come to
him and he rightfully received many
honors including the Nobel and the Enrico
Fermi Prizes. He was known throughout
the world of the physical sciences; he
visited with and corresponded with many
of the world's leading scientists. He was
trained under Ilutherford, lectured a t
Cornell, and risked his position during the
Hitler regime through his efforts on behalf
of the Jews. He lived to he slmost 90
and was active almost to the end. He
was a useful public servant and 8. true
friend of mankind. Hahnium has been sug-
gested as the name for element 105.
These feats and interests are reflected
in and add much to the interest and value
of the hook under review here.
A review of Hahn's "Scientific Auto-
biography" (translated and edited by
Willy Ley) appeared in THIS JOURNAL, 44,
A611 (1967). The. present hook con-
stitutes a. kind of supplement and presents
an objective rather than a subjective pic-
ture of Hahn and his work. T h e attrac-
tiveness of this handsome though inex-
pensive volume resides in the wealth of its
illustrations. Hitherto unpublished pho-
tographs of Hahn with prominent scien-
tists, facsimiles of letters, diary pages,
telegrams, notebooks, etc., make this
hook a joy to look at. These pictures
provide an insight into the career and life
of this famous man that cennot he gotten
otherwise. The author has obviously
spent much time in the search for material
and the selection of the items from the
immense mass of available items could
not have been easy. The German text
is not difficult to follow. However the
pictures are the thing here and should
interest even those chemists and physicists
who have little command of the German
language. Unfortunately there are errors
that could have been avoided hv more
collections.
RALPHE. OESPER
University of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio 45819
(Continued on page A 180)

book reviews
H. A f . Ra~icn. "Heidelherger Tawhen-
bucher, Band 53." Springer-Verlag,
Inc., New York, 1969. viii X 123 pp.
$2.4.5.
This hook (in German) contains approxi-
mately 1OOO "practice questions," and
aordd he suitRble as a review for a gradu-
g a preliminary
ate dodent ~ r e ~ x r i nfor
examination in biochemistry. Selecfrd
questions muld Relve for undergraduates
or medical students.
Most of the questions take the form of a
dialogl~e-i.e., the statement of n qnes-
tion, and then x comment on the presumed
answer, or, in some cases, a hint. I n this
way, the questions serve to cause the
st~tdentto think more deeply, or to search
for additional information. This is not R.
hook for n quick review; i t takes time to
rend the questions, and m w h mmo ttme
to reflect on them, hot in the opinion of
this reviewer it is certainly worth-while
to do so.
The int,roduction states that the ques-
tions are hased on Karlaon ("Introduction
to Modern Biochemistry") and M%hler
and Kordes ("Biologied Chemi~tly"),hnt
the coverage is much hroader than that,
including, among other things, osmotic
pressnre, kinetics and catalysis, free
energy, and various aspects of physiology.
Some of the qnestions are very general
(Whnt do yon know ahout osmotic pres-
snre, end the laws governing it?), and
some are very specific (Give three color
reactions of tryptophan). I n general,
however, the coverage is broader hut less
detailed than that found in such assem-
blages of questions as Moshach's "Bio-
rhemistry Review." All of the important
topics in biochemistry seem to be covered;
indeed, there is considerable dnplicat,ion
and overlap of the questions.
The reviewer recommends that the
teacher select those questions which he
deems worthy of emphasis, rather than
m~igningthe hook as a whole. The seri-
011s student, however, may regard i t as a
challenge to know all the answers.
One further possihle use of the book
might he a? x somee of examination ques-
tions, or of inspiration for examination
questions.
Chemie fiir ~ediziner-~bungrfragen
H. M . R a u m "Heidelherger Taschen-
hiicher, Band 32.'' Springer-Verlag,
Inc., New York, 1969. viii +64 pp.
$1.95.
This is a companion volume to the
"BiachemistrJ~-Pmctice Questions" re-
viewed ahove. I t covers the entire range
of chemistry-inorganic, organic, physi-
cal, and analytical, with additional ques-
tions on chemical procedures and chemical
apparatus.
To an American reviewer with experi-
ence in medical schools, the hook seems
wrongly titled; one hardly ever enconn-
lers a medical stndent with anything like
the knowledge of chemistry required t,o
answer all of these questions, or even most
of them. The hook would, however, con-
A120 / lournol o f Chemical Education
stitnte an excellent way of preparing for a
senior comprehensive examination for the
chemistry major, i t heing understood that
the general questions "cover the water-
front," hut that the specific questions me
only illustrative (dt.lthoughthe student
should he able to answer almost all of
them).
This hook, too, might serve the teacher
hoth as a source of examinabion questions,
and also as n check list of both the ma-
terials and the concepts which he should
he teaching.
St. Lawrence Universit?~
Canton, N . Y .
Sinnbild der Chemie
Herbert 1V. Franke. Bitsilius Presse.
Basel, 1966. 148 pp. Figs. and plates:
58Sfr. ($13.50).
This volume may prove oseful for its
69 magnificent plates of models of mole-
cules and crystrtls, all full or half-page,
and many of them in color.
Although the text ia in German,
captions of the plates and fignres are
given in English and Preneh a s well. The
fact that the extended descriptions of the
plates are collected a t the hack of the
hook is an inconvenience. Whnt is
worse is that the descriptions are not as
informative as they should he; someone
familiar with the subject would probnhly
be required to describe the salient featut'es
to a uovice. However, the hook does
constitute a handy collection of pictures,
and the plates are beautifully printed.
There are also some 30 pages of text on
the structure of atoms and molecules,
covering both methods of determining
structure, and the methods of representing
structure which are exemplified in the
plates. The coverage is hoth experi-
mental and philosophicd, and includes the
historical development of the field.
Again, the text would hardly serve to
introduce the subject to a beginner, hut, it
does oonstitote an interesting refresher
course for one who has already studied the
material.
PETEROP:SPRR
St. Lawrence University
Canton, Arm York
Experimentelle Schulchemie
Franz Rukatsch and Wolfgang Gldckner,
Mnnich (editors) with a. staff of 14 co-
workers. Aulis Verlag Deubner & Co
Kiiln (Cologne) West Germany. Band
I, Anorgenische Chemie I (Nicht-
metdle) prepared by Erieh Iladtr,
Stuttgart; Hugo Kdrperth, Wien (Vi-
enna), Austria; and Roderich Seheer,
Berlin. 1969. viii + 202 pp. Line
drawingii. 17 X 23 em. DM 36 ( =
approx. $9.8). Band 11, Anorgan-
ische Chemie (Niehtmetalle 11) pre-
pared by Wolfgang Gldckner, Munich;
Herrnann Klie, Bremen; and Roderich
Schecr. Berlin. 1970. ix + 229 pp.
Diagrams. 17 X 23 em. D M 40 (=
approx. $11).
These are the opening volumes of a
projected 6-volnme series t h a t within the
next few years will cover the laboratory or
demonstration aspects of inorganic, an*
lytical! physical, and organic chemistry.
Each ~llustretiveand typical experiment
will be accompanied by a concise and well
thought out statement of the principles
underlying the experiments that have been
selected with the benefit, of trials and ex-
periences. The subject matter will deal
with chemistry as taught at, the high school
and junior college levels though much of
the material is fitting for same senior col-
lege and perhaps grad~uatework, where
chemistq enters the picbnre a%a minor
subject. An estimate of the time re-
quired for each exercise is a handy featwe
and the line diagrams lure most nsefol.
Ample references to the literature are
given, though a3 might he expected Qer-
man murces predominate.
The experiments are graded ss to diffi-
culty and range from fairly simple to
rather sophisticated procedures. Some
are designed for individunl work, others
for groups of varying sizes, and experi-
ments suitable for demonstrntion purposes
to lecture classes are also included. Many
of the exercises are qnant,it,ative and the
sample cdculntions serve to illustrate the
proper modes of keeping a laboratory
notebook.
Volume I deals with general laws, water,
air. and the snlfor emon: Volume I1 con-
tinues with the <alo&s, the nitrogen
gronp (N, P, As), and closes with the
carbon group (C, Si, Ge) and boron.
Various preparation procedures are given
and also andyticd exercises and synthetic
procedures. The voh~mes give ample
evidence of meticulous care and testify as
to the great amount of time spent on
these exercises hoth in the laboratory and
a t the writing desk. German-reading
chemistry teachers should have these
volumes available; they will he vnloahle
aids when working up new or special
laboratory courses, lecture demunslrz-
tians, and particulaly whm giving extra
assignments to the extr*gifted students.
RALPHE . OESPER
University of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio 45281
Introduction to Quantum Concepts
in Spectroscopy
W . G . Laidlaw, Universit,y of Cnlgnry,
Calgary, Canads. MeGmw-Hill Book
Co., Ino., New York, 1970. xix +240
pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 om.
$9.95.
This hook is designed for n first. eonrse
in quantum mechanics to he taught a t the
sophomore or junior level. I t is, hy design,
much less rigorous bhsn the texts eom-
monly used for seniors and first-year
graduate students. Prinoiples of qimn-
tom mechanics are developed in the early
chapters and then applied to a variety
of spectroscopic problems. Knowledge of
calculus and diffcrentinl equations is riot a
prerequisite, slthongh the student will
have to evsluat,e n few derivatives in order
to cover the entire book. Among the
bet,ter features of t,his hook are the eleven
dry-lab projeots scattered throughout the
text. Each project cansistii of eight to
twelve connected problems and enough
(Continued on page A 122)
book reviews
dennriptive m.ztorinl to make x very good
*elf-study exercise.
The fiwt chapter provides some of t,he
histo~ionl basis for q m n t n m theory, de-
scribes generalized spectroscopic experi-
m e ~ t sand applies the Schriidinger equa-
lion to the one dimensional particle-in-a
hox. Footnotes and references which
should he useful for the more serious
sttldent are used generonsly in this chapter
(nnd not,, ,mfort,lnately, in the rest of the
hook). Although the Schriidinger e q w -
tion is derived in an illnminntinp fashion,
discussions of such ftrndnmentals as the
uncertainty principle and prapesties of the
wave function seem to he intended lo
develop problem solving ability (in the
plopin sense) rather then understanding.
The second chapter applies principles to
simple systems ineloding the harmonic
oseillntor, rigid rotor, hydrogen atom, and
moleculnr orhitnls of diatomic molecnles.
There is very little rigor in the treatments
of the harmorlie oseillatov mrd rigid rotor.
Many solrllions are obtained by sleight-of-
hand wilh few referencm to assist the
interesled student. Tho scctian on molec-
ldar orhitals will be very nseful for under-
eraduates a t this level.
energies associated with various degrees
of freedom are clearly described and the
section on nmr will supplement the work
in many orgmiic chemistry ooourses.
The discussion of tlm~sitions in the
following ohnpter builds on the separation
of variables and wave functions treated
ea~lierand introduces the time-dependent
Schriidinger eqnation in 3 very clear man-
ner.
Low resolution m ~ d high resolution
spectra are nnalysed in the final chapter.
Many good problems are presented in
this chapter and the slndent is given ample
opportunity to derive molecular constants
from spectroscopic data.
While it is certainly easy, and perhaps
common, to offer a course in quantum
mechanics that is rigorous to the point
of heing uninteresting t o the undergrsd-
nate, to same the present work may err on
the side of heing so nonrigarans that it
lacks credibility. A smnll amount of
hlaokhoard wo1.k on the part of the in-
structor could minimize this shortcoming.
For instance, the vnrixtional treatment
could hnve been done in terms which would
have permitted considerntion of AB spin
systems in nmr and a more meaningful
disewsion of heterommlear diatomic mole-
coles. The hook is relatively free nf errors.
The student mav be eonfnsed bv the dabs
sve in error and a n nnconventional sign is
used for the centrifugal distortion con-
stant.
This hook shodd provide the basis for 8.
good sophomore qunntnm mechanics
course. However, I do not feel that i t
makes ntfficient use of college mathe-
maties to stand as the only qnantum
A122 / Journol o f Chemical Educofion
mechaniw text in an undergraduate ehem-
istry crmicnlum.
A few minor changes in the nomencla-
ture have also been introduced.
S.\MUELS. BUTCHER B. VANDOREN
JANET
Bmodoin College Collage o j Woosler
Brunswick, Maine li'ooster, Ohio
Handbook of Organomelallic
NMR Spectroscopy in
Organic Chemistry Compounds
Edited by N o h m Hagiham, Osaka Uni-
B. I . Ionin and B. A . Ershou, Lensovet
Institute of Technology, Leningrad. versity, Makoto firnarla, Kyoto Uni-
versity, and Rokwa Okawam, Osaka
Translated by C. Nigel Turlon and
Tatiana I . Turton. Plenum Press, University. W. A. Benjamin, Inc.,
New York, 1970. x + 382 pp. Figs. New York, 1968. xviii +1044 pp.
16 X 23.: cm. $45.
and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $25.
This hook has been tmnslated into This volume is intended to he a general
English from the original Rnssinn edition reference book of t,he organo-metallic
(1967). I t consists of six chapters (Fun- compound7 of both noutransition and
damentals, Chemical Shifts, Spin-Spin transition metith. Fundamental data,
Coupling, Analysis of Complex Nuclear such as physical properties, soluhilily,
Magnetic Resonance Spectra, NMR Spec- reactivity, uses, methods of preparation,
tra and the Struct,ure of Orgnaic Mole- and references, are given for 1700 eom-
cules, Applicationof NMRSpectrosoopy in pounds. Each section is int~.oducedby a
Various Fields of Organic Chemistry) and short discussion of the generel properties
s n appendix. There is au wpendix, a of t,he compounds in the gl.oup.
brief Index, and numerous referenoes, of Pa1.t I1 is a. glossary of terms wed in
which 90 to 95% refer to jourllals pub- orgnnometallic chemistry.
lished in the English language. Each compound is listed by it* strnc-
The apparent purpose of the book is the tural formula and then indexed by name.
presentation of the fundamentals of nmr J A N IB.
~TV.\NDOREN
with the minimum requirement of mathe- College of lIrousler
matical and physical bnckgromd on the Wonnier, Ohm
part of the reader.
The place of this hook in the nmr litera-
ture is not clear. The books by Becker Thermal Analysis. Volume 1,
s n d Bovey are mare appropriate as text Inrtrumentation, Organic Materials,
hooks, since each of these contsins more and Polymers. Volume 2, Inorganic
examples of spectra and bebter collections Materials and Physical Chemistry
of nmr data. Jaekman and Sternhill give Edited by Robert F . Schwenker, Jr.,
a better s u n e y of the avdilahle literature Johnson and Johnson, hlilltown, N. J.,
data, t,hough their theory is less complete. mid P a d D. Cam, University of Akron,
Ionin and Frshov have x tendency to Ohio. Academic Press, Inc., New York,
assume that the reader's background is 1969. Vol. 1, xxiii + 706 +
11 pp.
more complete than that of a neophite.
Far example, there is no clear definition of
+
Vol. 2, xxiii 803 +I1 pp. Figs. and
tables. 16.5 X 23.6 cm. 819.50 each
magnetically eqnivalent and nonequivalent volume.
nuclei, though tthi concept h one of the
mare difficult to grasp. This book consists of the offset repro-
Usually, after a. osreful rereading of a. ductions of the manuscripts presented at,
section, the information that is essential the Second International Conference on
can he found. However, the emphasis, Thermal Analysis held a t Holy Cross
which is so useful for the student, is miss- College, Worcester, Mass., on August
ing. 1&23, 1968. Of the 95 papers included
In view of the high price ($25) and the in the two volumes, 27 w e in Advances
lack of s. uniaue contribution to the field in Instmmentation, 17 in Organic Mate-
of nmr, the reviewer does not recommend rials, Including Polymers, 19 in Inorganic
this book for the organic chemist'? lihrary. Materials and Metallurgy, 15 in Physical
Chemistry, 6 in Minerals, and 11 in Ap-
JOHN D. REINHEIMER plied Sciences. Included in the Ap-
The College of Wooater pendixes are Recommendations for Re-
Woasler, Ohio 44691 porting of Thermal Analysis, Recom-
mendations for Nomenclature in Thermal
Analysis, and A Report from the Commit-
Dictionary of Organic Compounds, tee on Standardization, International
Sixth Supplement, 1970 Confederation for Thermal Anslysia.
Edited by J. B. Thornson. 4th ed. While some of the papers leave much to
Oxford University Press, New York, be desired from an experimental and
1970. 280 pp. 26.8 X 20 om. $29. theoretical viewpoint, this book is vdusble
as a reference work in the field of thermal
This sixth supplement generally follows analysis. At the price of the two com-
the pattern of the earlier work, but focuses bined volumes, the book will probably he
on papers published in 1969 and makes purchased ms,inly through libraries.
corrections to the fifth supplement. A
formula. index of all new compounds and W. W. WENDLANDT
corrected formulas are innovations in this University of Houston
volume. A more c o m ~ l e t eformula index Houston, Tez. 77004
of the main work and ;he Mth supplement
is also being prepared. (Continued on page A 188)

book reviews
Practical Pharmaceutical
Chemistry. Second Edition-Part 2 scribed. The book is also to he recom-
A. H. Beckett, University of London,
and J. B. Stenlake, University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow. 2nd ed. Uni-
versity of London Athlone Press,
London, 1970. 425 pp. Figs. and
tables. 16 X 25.2 cm. $12.50.
The phrase "Second Edition-Part
Two" of the title is a result of the rather
complete revision of the first edition
which has led to the inolusiou of muoh
new material and to the production of the
revision in two aeparate parts. This
second o m t is desienrd to cover the
needs of the advanced student.
This book wonld serve as a suitable text
for s. comse in instrumental techniques or
as a useful reference book for either the
student or the graduate chemist who
wants an introduction to a, variet,y of
techniques. The topics covered include
molecular weight determinations, polarim-
etry, refraotometry, viscosit,y, surface
tension, particle size analysis, chroma-
tography (column, paper, thin layer, and
gas), measurement of emf and pH,
eanductimetric titrations, polarography,
emission and absorption spectra, speetro-
fluorimetry, infrared, nmr and mass
spectre, and radioohemicd techniques.
The coverage of most of these tnpics
includes some theoretical background,
instrumentation, and specific experiments.
This type of presentation is particularly
useful to t,he chemist who is not an expert
in any or all of t,hese fields b r ~who
t hss an
occasional need to use some of them.
This hook is to he vecammended as n
handy one volume desk reference for
srrch s. chemist. He will usually he able
to jrtdge for himself, after reading the
approprint,e seotians of this hook, whether
n given technique will be useful to him
for solving the problem a t hand. The
specific experiments described will often
serve as models for the experiments
required in one's own research. The
references a t the end of each section will
provide the reader with additional in-
formation when needed. Some experts
in the arexs covered by this book might
not be satisfied with the coverage afforded
their areas, hot this hook, of course, does
not plwport to be s definitive treatment
on each topic. On thc other hand it does
provide n good intvodnetian to each
topie and will usually provide all the
information t,he reader needs to know in
order to otilise a new technique.
Wit,h regard to some techniques, smh
as molea~larweight determinations, t,he
methods described in this hook (e.g.,
freesing point. depression) are likely to be
supplsnt,ed in the futnre by mass spectra
and gel permeetion chromatography.
One of the few shortcomings of this book
is lack of coverage of gel permeation
chromatography (the only mention of
Sephadedex is under thin-layer chromatog-
raphy). However, the hook is generally
up-to-date: much recent work is included.
This hook, although designed for
pharmeceutical chemistry, osn be recom-
mended its a suitable text for a, chemistry
A126 / Journal o f Chemical Education
course in physical methods if the teacher
does not object to the heavy use of bio-
logical or pharmaceutical materials in the
experimental procedures which are de-
mended ss a good first-choice place to
look for information on a wide variety of
physical methods.
Partners in Science: Letters of James
Wan and Joseph Black
Edited with Introduction and Notes by
Erie Robinson, University of Man-
chester, England, and Douglas McKie.
Harvard University Press, Cambridge,
1970. xvi + 502 pp. Illustrations.
14.5 X 22 em. $12.50.
This volume contains the texts of 260
letters, mostly written t o or received by
three eminent Scattiah leaders in science,
engineering, and university teaching.
So much has been published about the
lives and caseem of James Watt (1736-
1819) and Joseph Black (1728-1799) that
there is no need of repetition here. The
third member of the trio was John Rohison
(1739-1805) who like Watt was Black's
student., and who not only succeeded the
latter hut after Black's death edited and
published his lectures (1803) under the
title "Elements of Chemistry." Watt and
Robison were close friends. I n addition
to the letters noted ahove, the present
volume contains some letters to and from
other persons because they shed additional
light on matters of then current interest..
The letters extend from Janoary 10, 1768,
to March 1, 1815; they have been obtained
from a number of sources. Some have
been published previously, others appear
here in print for the first time. Part 2
of the book is made up of about 50 pages
devoted to a notebook kept by Wntt and
recording his experiments on heat. This
will appeal particularly to specialists.
Since the letters were all written before
fhe typewriter age, their transcription
must surely have been no easy task. Some
were copied from the original manuscript
copy, but others were available only from
copies made by means of Watt's copying
machine, an emly representative of a
device that now can he fonnd in most
business offices. Metienlous credit in
given to the source in each imtance.
The editors exhihit their competence by
the notes they have supplied in which they
clarify points that may puzzle many
readers. The Index is excellent and pro-
vides a good guide through the pnges.
I n t,he introductory chapter of his
"Grosse Manner" (1910), Wilhelm Ost-
wald discusses the value and importance
of collections of letters when evaluating
the accomplishments and the l i v a of
scientists. I n these the men are far more
open in expressing their opinions of their
contemporaries and the gestating or
currenttheories; they often "let their hair
down" and reveal themselves much more
plainly than they do in composing mate-
rial that is destined for publication. The
let.ters included in the present volume
follow this pattern; a wide v a r i e t , ~of
topics is included and the human side
of these men is exposed. Herein lies the
charm of this book. I t is recommended
for purchase especially by school lihraries.
R r m H E. OI:SPER
Cnivcrsity of Cfncfnnati
Cinrinnnti. Ohio L 5 B P 1
Die Beriihmten Erthder,
Phyriker und lngenieure
Louis Leprince Ringuet, Ocolc Poly-
technique, Paris, editor, assisted by s
staff of 80 scholars from various
countries, and an Introduction by
Reinhold Mannkopj, Glittingen Uni-
versity. Aulis V e h g Deubner & Co.
Kiiln (Cologne) West Germany, 1968.
476 pages of text plus 160 pages of
illust,rat,ions. 22.5 X 31.0 om. DM
98 + postage ( - hpprox. $27.50)
in toto.
This exceptionally fine quaai-history of
physics and its technical and industrial
developments is based on the 1946 French
work "Inventews Cekbres" (published in
1946 by Mazenod], but thoroughly re-
vised and brought almost up-to-date far
the present German edition. The essays
stem from French, Germm, Italian,
English, and American authors and have
been put into easily read German. These
writers include Nobel Lnnrextes and in
many caqes the biographers are equal to
or superior to their snhjects with respect
to ability and popnlnr esteem. The
material has been divided into twenty
main subjects, each intrad~xed hy an
enlightening and comprehensive essay.
The account extends'from the earliest era
to space exploration hut ends prior to the
actual landings on and return from the
moon.
Much of the account is clothed in the
guise of brief but adequate biographical
essays, somewhst reminiscent of Brigge's
"Das Buch der grossen Chemiker" or
Farber's "Great Chemists." The selec-
tion of whom to include or to omit in
such volumes is always a thorny problem,
and in the present instance 109 persons
have been chosen. Some of them are not
familiar to chemical readeta. The chem-
ists who have been singled out me those
who have been active in the border zones,
i.e., physical chemis1.a or ohernical phys-
icists. In all oases, these individunls
have been the subject of hiographical
brestment and full page likenesses of most
are included. These pictures alone are
worth the mice of the hook. The hat, ~~~ ~
80 pages are given over to useful charts
and compilations.
This hook is filled with valuable in-
formation, presented in a most readable
way. I t is manufactured in a n out-
standing fashion
RALPHE. O E ~ P E R
Unlversittj of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio, &,5@?1
(Continued on page A 188)

book reviews
Spectral Analysis: Methods and
Techniques
Edited hy James A . Blackburn, Uni-
versity of Weterloo, Waterloo, Ontario,
Canada. M ~ r c e l Dekker, Ine., New
York, 1970. xi + 289 pp. Figs. and
tables. 16 X 23.5 em. 815.7.5.
"Spectral Analysis" is best described
as a collection of essays on some important
sweets of linear anzlysis and numerical
filtering, and some applications of these
sobieets. This book should serve as a
fair introduction to spectral analysis for
the novice, and might serve as s, handy
reference and (less SO)& bibliogmphy for
the mare experienced reader. Most im-
portant,, in theory and practical example,
"Spectral Analysis" is interdisciplinary.
The first three of the eight chapters are
devoted to developing a conceptual hasis
for spectral analysis. The notion of a
spectrum is operat,ionally defined in terms
of periodicities in the aut,ocorrelstion of
stochastic processes. This is, in principle,
a fine approach, but this reviewer found
that in addition to a glaring editorial error,
the text in Chapter I was often beset with
n lack of both mathemat,ical and intuitive
depth. For example, while the concept
of stationarity is well developed, ergodicity
as an explicit srthject is ignored. I n f o c
niation, trnnsfer functions, sampling and
aliasing are rather well developed in
.
Chapter I, nnd further developed in
Chapters I1 and 111.
A 128 / Journal o f Chemical Education
Chapter I1 is more specific and more
satisfying to the reader. Three modes of
analysis are presented: analysis by least
squares, analysis by weighting functions,
and analysis hy orthogonal (Fourier)
ex~snsion. The section on analvsis bv
equations, and some smatterings of matrix
algebra. The l e a 4 squares analysis is
broken into two subsections, the first.
covering t,he case where t,he reference set is
complete, and the second covering the case
where the reference set is incomplete.
The section on weighting functions ex-
amines some weighted least squares tech-
niques, and in an example, questions their
usefulness. With s. brief comment noting
that best fit, in the least squares sense, of
a finite series to a continuous function is
the finite Fourier expansion of the fonc-
tion, the author brings the reader into
Fourier (in particular, sisoidal) analysis.
The relationship of the Fourier coefficient
matrix to the least squares coefficient
matrix is noted, and the orthogonality of
the Fourier coefficients is demonstrated.
Finally, the hlichelson interferometer is
chosen aq s. practical example of Fomier
Transform spectroscopy.
Chapter 111 is an excellent presentation
of some of the more modern problem of
"the smoothing, interpolation and ext.rap-
olation of data!' Quantization errom,
sampling requirements and concepts of
numerical filters are treated well and in
some detail. Filter design is especially
well covered; several examples of gen-
erating carefully controlled transfer func-
tions using polynomial techniques are
worked out in detail. Low pass, high p a s ,
band pass, differentiating and integrating
filters a1.e discussed, including both the
amplitude and phnse transfer charac-
teristim of some of these filters.
As Chapters I, 11, 111 set the grormd-
work, Chapters IV-VIII develop applica-
tions over several field of study: p ~ ~ l s e
height analysis (IV), biological applica-
tions (V), activation analysis (VI), mass
spectroscopy (VII), and gamma. ray
spectroscopy (VIII). While different
readers will be attracted to dimerent snb-
iects., each indeed advances the discussion
"
of the early chapters and pioves informa-
tive. Chapter IV provides the most,
detail, and in fact includes both theoretiral
discussion and details of the computer
prognm designed to implement the
analysis. The chapter on neutron active,
tion analysis inelodes a discussion on
linear programming and the simplex
method. The chapter on mass spectros-
copy provides t,he render wit,h n solid
working example of the least s q ~ ~ ~ ~ e s
technique.
In summary, most parts of this book are
well done, but same parts are dissatisfying.
The role of orthogonality in the trans-
mission of information is not a t all dis-
cussed: therefore. the use of matrices in
concepts are not stressed well enough. In
addition, the bibliographies should be
much stronger. The material of Chapter
(Continued on oaoe A 1.70)
 book reviews
11, for instance, has been covered differ-
ently and in greeter depth by other
authors, and certainly the reader could
benefit, by reference to them. Finally,
while Chapter 111 contains perhaps some
of the best mst,erid in t,he book, its ref-
erences are not, in general, widely avail-
able, and the bibliography of Chapter 111
ignores entirely the recent works of Gold,
Rader, Stockholm, etc., on digital filter
design in the complexZ-plane.
CHARLES T. FOSKBTT Although he expressly intends to present
Digilab, Inc.
2.77 Pulnam Aue.
Cambridge, Mass. 02139
Marina Chemistry, Volume 2: Theory
and Applications
Dean F . Martin. Universitv of South
Florida, ~ a m ~ aMarcel
.' ~ k k k e r Ine.,
, hypotheses.
New York, 1970. xi + 451 pp. Figs.
and tables. 15.5 X 23.5 cm. 89.50.
This volume provides 8. sequel to the
author's earlier work, "Marine Chemistry,
Volume 1: Analytical Methods." It is
primarily intended as a text for an intro-
ductorv course in marine ehemistrv a t
essentislly an expanded course syllabus
rather than a reference work, and the
reader's first impression may be that it is
overly brief. The author presents his
material in capsule form, however, which
enables him to provide a surprisingly
broad coverage of up-to-date material.
His topics range from some of the most
recent idean concerning the structure and
properties of water itself to hypotheses of
seawater genesis, nutrient cycles, and the
extraction of mineral resources and drugs
from the sea. Each chapter is aceom-
panied by a brief summary, explanatory
notes which often include interesting
background information, and a. list of
selected references. I n every case, the
references include a t leest one recently
published work with an ext,ensive bibliog-
raphy. Though primarily intended as a
textbook, this combination of highly can-
densed text and selected bibliography
will make the book very useful as a ref-
erence work for non-specialists who need
a ready source of basic information can-
cerning the chemistry of seawater, but
who neither need nor seek s n exhaustive
treatment.
The book fills a pap in the chemical
but "treats the subject in m~ch"gre&
detail and presumes s suhstsntially greater
fi~miliilritywith chemiealprinciples. Weyl
("Oceanography," John Wiley & Sons,
1970) is a much more comprehensive work
inclnding discussions of marine geology
and physical oceanography as well as
marine chemistry, and while certain
aspects of seawater chemistry are treated
in depth compa.m.bl.ble to that offered by
Martin, sohstsntislly fewer topics are
discussed. Finally, Turekim ("Oceans,"
A 130 / Journal o f Chemical Education
oceanography. Of these hooks, only
Horne is specifically directed toward the
chemistry of seawater, and its greater
detail, more profuse illustrations and reli-
ance uoon ndvnneed chemical cconeeots
advanced graduate courses which presume
extensive chemical background, Martin is
most appropriately an introductory text
or asoorce book for the non-specialist.
facts rather than theories, Dr. Martin
succeeds in combining the two in s highly
satisfactory balance. IIe also presents
concise discussions of many particularly
important problems which will serve t o
stimulate student* and which delineate
those area3 where future work is most
likely to effect changes in our present
This book is printed by offset process
from typewritten masters, and as n result,
contains substantially less me.terial than
one would normally expect in n 4.50-page
work. Although this is partially compen-
sated for by the author's terse style, eom-
pared to a letterprens edition, the cost,
($9.50) appears disproportionately high.
Nonspecialists in marine chemistry
whose fields relate to chemical processes
in the sea, will find this book a vabtable
source and reference work on their shelves.
Its greatest value, however, will be as R.
text in the introductory roorses toward
which i t is s~eeificsllvdirected. Here it
will fill a lon&tanding gap in the literature
and meet an important need.
New Volumes in Continuing Series
The jollowing lilles are /hose of uolunres
i n ronlinuing series. Mang ql lhese
swim are ,fmniliarlo readem who ore hesl
servrrl b y prompt a,moimcewenl qf lhe
nppearnnee ql the ncw lilles. Yhr policv
,!f T H I S J O U R N A L will br lo puhlish
ltdl rcuietus on/?, oj innugi~ralvo1,imes
i n now series.
Physical Chemistry: A n Advanced
Treatise. Volume 10, Solid State
Edited by Wilhelm Jost, University of
Gottingen, Germany. Academic Press
Inc., New York, 1970. xix +
780
pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm.
938.
Contributors: L. W . Bsrr; Richard H.
Bnbe; G. Ertl; H. Gerischer; P. Hsasen;
M . Krthlweit; F. A. Krsger; A. D. Le-
Claire; A. B. Lidiard; Otfried Xfadelnng;
Hiroshi Sato; J. H. Sharp; M. Smith;
Alarich Weiss; Helmut Witte.
(Continued on page A1%)

book reviews
Orgo& Chemistry. Volume 14, Car-
boxylic Orlho Acid Derivatives: Prep-
aration and Synthetic Applications
Rohcrt H . De Wolfe, University of
Cnlifomix, Santa Bnrbam. Edited by
Alfred T.Biomr/uist, Cornell University,
Ithaca, N. Y. Academic Press, Inc.,
Piew Yurk, 1970. ix + 557 pp. Figs.
mrd tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $25.
The Alkaloids. Volume 12
Edilod by R. H. F. Mnnske, UniRoysl
Limited Ilesearch Laborxlory, Gnelph,
Ontario, Cxuads. Academic Press, Inc.
+
New Yark, 1070. riv 637 pp. Figs.
and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. 829.
Contribz~tols: E . CI. C. Clarke; L. H.
Keith; I<.H. F. Xlxnske; 8. W. Pelletier;
F. Sanbavg; J. E. Saxton; Frank L.
Warren.
Advancer in Chromatography.
Volume 9
Edited by J . Cnloin Giddings, University
oi Ulnh, Salt Lake Ciiy, and Roy A .
I<elier, Stxto University oi New York at
F~.edonia. AIxrcel Ilekker, Inc., New
York, lOi0. xiv + 358 pp. Figs. and
t:tbles. 16 X 23.5 cm. $18.75.
(bnl~ibutors:Joseph Bomst,ein; E . Cer-
mi; W. 11. Cooke; S t ~ m r tP. Cram; G.
(ihrrsini; Charles Hishtn; Irwin Horn-
slein; Phillip Issenberg; I?. P. W. Scott.
A132 / Journal o f Chemical Education
Current Topics in Radiation Research.
Volume 6
Edited by Michael Ebert and Alma
Howard, Christie Hospital and Holt
Iladinm Institute, Withington, Man-
chester, England. American Elsevier
Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1070.
xi + 412 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X
23 cm. $9.75.
Contributors: Robert Schiller; Ernest C.
Pollsrd; John R. K . Savage; A. N. Raubh;
D. K. Bcwley; Patricia J . Lindop; George
Wiernik and Mary Plant.
Physical Chemistry: An Advanced
Treatise. Volume 5, Valency
Edited by Henry Ellring, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City. Academic Press,
Inc., New York, 1970. six +732 pp.
Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $20.
Contributors: C. A. Coulson; T. hl.
D n m ~Wdt,er
; A. Harrison; Juergen Hinee;
Sheng Hsien Lin; Herbert IT. Hyman;
Taro Kiharn; Kenneth S. Pitaer; H. L.
Sahlin; Harrison Shrill; E . Teller.
Biochemical Society Symposia.
Number 29, Natural Substances
Formed Biologically from
Mevalonic Acid
Edited hy T. W. Goodwin,University of
Liverpool, Livwpoal, United Kingdom.
Academic P r e s ~ ,Inc., New York, 1970.
ix + 186 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X
25.5 em. 55s.
Cmtributors: A. R. Battershy; E.
Bogin; K. Bloch; A. F. Brodie; B. Z.
Csvari; J . W. Cornforth; R. H. Cornforth;
U. Glaor; L. J. Goad; F. W. Hemming; T.
Higssbi; V. K d m ; P. Karlson; C. R.
Krishns. Murt,i; E . Marques; R. A. Illor-
ton; P. Phillips; G. Papjak; B. Revsin; H.
Rudney; 0. Wiss; S. Yamamoto.
Surfactant Science Series.
Volume 3, Surfactant Biodegradation
Robert D . Swisher, h~lanssntaCa., St.
Louis. Marcel llekker, Inc., New York,
+
1970. nxiii 496 pp. Figs. and tables.
16 X 23.5 cm. $33.50.
Chemistry and Physics of Carbon.
Volume 6
Edited by Philip I,. Walker, Jr., Penn-
sylvanin State University, University
Park. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York,
1070. x + 354 pp. Figs. and tables.
16 X 23.5 cm. $23.50.
Cmt~ibutors: N. N. Avgul; A. V
Kiselev; D. E . Kline; Jacques Maire;
Jacques MOring; B. R . Puri; R. E. Taylor.
The Determination of Organic Peroxides
R. M . Johnson, Borough Polytechnic,
London, and I . W. Siddiqi, St. Mary's
Hospit,al, London. Volume 4 of "Mono-
g r a p h ~in Organic Functional Group
Analysis." Pergamon Press, Inc., New
York, 1970. ix + 119 pp. Figs. and
tables. 16 X 21.5 om. $6.75.