E N G L I S--H103

ENGLISH 103

A GUIDETO
AGUIDETO

PRAYER
PRAYER
ISLAM
IN ISLAM
IN

Saqib
M. Abdul Karim Saqib

TheCo-operative
The Co-operativeOfficefor
Office forCall
Csll& foreigners
to.eigne.s Guidance
Guidance atSultanah
at Sullrnah
Under
Under the suoeftsron
lhesupervisIOn 00llvinistrv 0lIslam
I Ministry 01 samiccAHai
Allars$ and
andEndowment and Cal
Endowmenland Cal I and
andGu
Guidance
dance
Te 4240077
Tel 4240C// F 4251005
Fax 4251005P0POBox 80x926i5Riyadh11663EnE Sullanah22@halma
92675 Riyadh 11663 E-mail Sultanah22@holmail com
com
 *i f!fi li
#1rt\:i#
IN'IHE
IN THE NAME
NAI}IE OF ALLAH
ALIJ\H
11IE MERCIFUL
TIIE MERCIFI,'L 'IHE
THE COMPASSIONATE
COMPASSIONAIE
 ~lo~4~..,
$iJl ;Ii4 LL.c
GII]I]Dtr TO
A GUIJD)E

ililPilIRA\YililE
ms ISJLAM
IN nsn,aMt

fi|. ~lJdul
M. fagib
Karin SoqilJ
tbdul KfJrim
A G UIDE T
GUIDE TOO PRAYER
PRAYER

r i l ISLAM
IN rsLAM

* Researched
Renearched and
andEdited by:
Editedby:

Mohammed
Mohammed Abdul Karim
Abdul KarimSaqib.
Saqib.

* Translated
Translated by:
by:

Ijaz
ljazBegum
BegumSaqib.
Saqib.
FOREWORD
FOREWORD

There
There are
are many
many books
books dealing
dealing with the
the Subject Salat in
Subiectof Salat
both
both Arabic
Arabic and
and Urdu.
Urdu. Many
Many of these
thesebooks
books are lvell written
are well
and provide an
and provide an informative
informative and
and comprehensive
comprehensiveview view of
how Salat
Salat should
should be performed according
be performed according to the teach-
the teach-
ings of Prophet
ings Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Unfortunately~.
Muhammad (SAW). Unfonunately( there
there
are
are very
very few
few books
books in
in English
Englishwhich
which deal
deal with the
the subject
subjectinin
the
the same
same informative
informativeand
and comprehensive
comprehensive way.
way.TheThe books,
books,
which do exist,
which exist, have
havethree
three main
main disadvantages.
disadvantages.

Firstly, literature
Firstly, literature concerning
concerningSalatSalat available
availablein Englishis
in English is
either
either soso brief that it does
does not covercover essential points in
essentialpoints
nearly enough
nearly detail, or it is
enough detail, is so
so bulky
bulky and
and detailed
detailedthat
that it
becomes difficult to use
becomes quick reference,
use it for quick reference,andand es~
es-
sential points may
sentialpoints get lost
may get lost in
in the
the unnecessary
unnece$sary detail.
detail.

Secondly, the text of the

Secondly,the the Salat
Salat lacks
lacksthe quality of direct
the quality direct
research from
research from the
the sunnah
zunnah of the Prophet Muhammad
the Prophet Muhammad
(SAW). There
(SAW). There are
are also
also books
books which
which contain
contain material with-
materialwith-
out any
any reference
referenceto the
the original
originalsources.
sources.

Thirdly, the
the majority
majority of books
books have
have been
been written accord-
accord-
ing to the
ing the views
views held
held by certain
certain schools
schoolsof thought
thought and
and for
this reasonsome
this reason peoplehesitate
some people hesitateto follow them.
them.

Because
Becauseof these
theseweaknesses
weaknesses in
in existing literaturein
existingliterature in English
English
we felt that the
we the need
need existed prgduce a medium
existed to prpduce medium sized
sized
book on
book on Salat
Salat which
which would
would approach
approachthethe subject
subjectaccording
according
to
io the teachingsof the
the teachings Prophet Muhammad
the Prophet (SAW). The
Muhammad(SAW). The
Prophet,himself,
Prophet, himself,said,
said,

"Pray as
"Pray you have
as you haveseen
seenme praying."
me praying."

Such a book
Such book needs
needs.toto contain
contain all
all the
the essential
essentialdetails
detailsof
Salat without being
Salat being'too
too bulky
bulky or complicated
complicatedso so that
that the
the
readercan
reader can use
use it as
as a point 01
oJ reference journey or at
referenceon a journey
home.
home.

ft was
It also fE~lt
was also felt that
that a comprehensive
comprehensivebook
book onon Salat
Salat in
in
English would
English would be be useful
useful for converts
converts to Islam
lslam and
and for
Muslim youth brought
Muslim youth brought up
up in
in this
this country.
country. Keeping
Keeping in

5
 needs of our brothers
mind the needs brothers and
and sisters
sisters every effort has
every effort has
been made to produce
been made produce this book in simple
simple and
and easy
easy
language.
language.

During our research

During research we sometimes
sometimes found that differences
differences
occurred between
occurred practices in various
established practices
between established prayer
various prayer
books.
books. In these
these circumstances
circumstances we referred authentic
referred to authentic
hadiths of the Prophet
hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (SAW), so
Muhammad (SAW), so that the
points could
points could be clarified as
be clarified as much possible.This
as possible.
much as This was,
was,
because, for a true Muslim
because, for is no greater
there is
Muslim there greater proof for
settling arguments
settling arguments than
than authentic
authentic hadiths practices
and practices
hadiths and
of Prophet
Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
Muhammad(SAW).

We hope
We Allah will accept
hope that Allah accept this
this humble
humble attempt be-
be-
cause
cause without
without his
his support and
and help
help we
we would never
never have
have
been
been able
abfe to do this work.

Finally we
Finally we ask
ask all
all our Muslim
Muslim brothers
brothers and
and sisters
sistersto study
study
the text and
and to strive
strive to pray according
according to it. If
lf anyone
anyone
finds
finds anything unacceptableor to be
anything unacceptable be against
againstthe sunnah
sunnah
of the Prophet (SAW) we
Prophet (SAW) we would be grateful if they wo!!ld
be grateful worrld
inform us.
us.

Muhammad
Muhammad Abdul Karim
Abdul KarimSaqib
Saqib

6
c0ilrEilrs
CONTENTS

Pages
Pages
Foreword
Foreword ......................•....... 5
Notes
Notes .............................. t10 0
Chapter One . . . .12
.............................. .t2
Wuqu (Ablution)
Before doing Wudu
Before . . . .12
.............................. .t2
Tooth Stick (Siwak)
(Siwak) . . . .I12
.............................. .2
Wuc;lu (Ablution)
Niyat for Wuflu
Niyat ..............................12 J2
Actions of
Actions of wudu (Ablution)
(Ablution) . . . .12. r 2
..............................
Special facilities
Special facilities in Ab.ution.
Ab.ution. , . . . .I13
.............................. .3
Du'a at the end
Du'i[ end ofof Ablution
Ablution . . . . .I13
.3
Tayammum .............................. l14 4
Two
Chapter Two .............................. 16 r6
Time of ~alat (Prayer)
of $alat (Prayer) . . . . .16
.............................. I6
Forbidden Times for Player
for PraYer , .
.............................. . . ..t7
17
~alat (Prayer)
Place for $alat
Place (PraYer) . .
.............................. . . l.8
18
Dressfor ~alat
Dress (Prayer)
$alat (Prayer) . . . .
.............................. . . l
18.8.
Types of $alat
Types of $alat (Prayer)
(Prayer) . .
.............................. . . I
19. 9
FarQ
Far{ or Obligatory Pra}er
ObligatoryPraPr . .
.............................. . . I
.
19 9
Nafl Prayer
Prayer . .
.......•....................... . , l
19.9
Sunnat
SunnatMu'akkadah
Mu'akkadah(canpulsory) , . . .20
(conPulsory) .............................. ..20
Nafl (extra)
(extra) Prayer
PraYer .............................. 20 20
Number
Number of Rakats
Rakats .............................. 22 22
Chapter
Chapter Three
Three ..............................22 22
Story of Azan
Aian ..............................23 23
The
The Muazzin
Muai2in .............................. 23 23
Text
Text ofof the
the Aian .............................. 24 24
Azan
Aian for
for Fajr
Fajr .............................. 24 24
Listening
Listeningto to the
the AZan
Aian .............................. 25 25
Dariidafter
Danidafter thethe Azan
A2an .............................. 25 25
Du"a
Du'ii after
after the
the Azan
Aian ..............................26 26
lqamat
lqamat ..............................26 26
Text
Text ofof Iqamat
Iqamat

7
Chapter
ChapterFour
Four . . . 28
..28
'Sutra
'Sutra . . . 28
..28
Qiblah
Qiblah . . . ..28
28
Intention
Intention(Niyat)
(NiYat) . . . 28
..28
Talcbir
TakbirTahrimah
Tahrimah .....29
29
Folding
Foldingof hands
hands . . . 29
..29
.Recitation
Recitation before
before Fatihah
Fatihah . . . ..29
29
Ta'awwuz
Ta'awwuz . . . 30
..30
'fasmiah
fasmiah .....30
30
Surah
SurahFatihah
Fatihah . . . 31
. .I3
Recitation
Recitationof SurahSurahFatihah
FatihahBehind
Bdrindan Imam ..-.-.32
an Imam 32
Ameen
Ameen . . . .32.32
Recitation
Recitationafter
after Surah
SurahFatihah
Fatihah ._ .........-....-.33
33
Ruku
Ruku (J,owing)
Du'as
(&owing)
in
Du'as Ruku
Qawman
Ruku
(standing Rukfr)
:"::::::::::::: 34
35
................36
Qawman(standing after
afterRukii) 36
Du'as in Qawmah
Du'is Qawmah . . . .37.37
First Sajdah
First Sajdah .....38
.38
Du'as
Du'[s in Sajdah
Sajdah . . . .38.38
Jalsah (sittingbetween
Jalsah(sitting betweentwo two Sajdcbs)
Sajddrs) .....39
.39
Second
Second Sajdah
Sajdalt .....40
40
Jalsah-e-Istarahat
Jalsah+-Istarahat (sittingfor
(sitting for rest)
rest) .........40
40
Second
SecondRakat
Rakat .....40
40
Tashahud
Tashahud .....40
40
Standing
Standing up for
up for third
third Rakat
Rakat ................41
.41
~alat Alan-Nabi
$alat (Darfid)
Alan-Nabi(Dariid) -. ................42
.42
Du'as
Du'5safter ~a1at Alan-nabi
after$alat (Darfrd)
Alan-nabi(Dari"xl) ........42
.42
Ending
Fnding thethe Prayer
Prayer 45
Du'as
Du'6s after Salutation .45
Chapter Five 48
Witr Prayer
Witr Prayer .48
Number of of Rakat of Witr PraYer
ofWitr Prayer 48
Time of Witr Prayer
Time Prayer 49

Du'i
Pray Witr
How to Pray
How
Quniit in witr Prayer
Du'i Qunfit Prayer
::::::::::::::::: 49
50
................50
Text of Du'E
Du'i Qunilt 50
Jumah (Friday
Jumah (Friday Prayer)
Prayer) · · .................5
511
Importance Friday Prayer
Importance of Friday Prayer ..---...........51
51
Importance of Cleanliness
lmportanceof Cleanliness for lriday
Iriday Prayer
Prayer .....5151
Going early to
Goingearly Friday Friday Prayer
Prayer ...-............52
52
Prayer before
Prayer before Jumalt
Jumah 52

I8
 Listening
Listeningto Khutbah
Prayer
Khutbah (Sennon
afterJumah
Prayerafter Jumah
(Sermon
::::::::::::::::::
53
54
.54
54
Eid Prayer
Eid Prayer
Janazah
Junazuhl)rayer
llrayer 56
56
Conduct
Conduct,If
I 'f Janazah
JanazahPrayer
Prayer s7
57
First
Fint Takbir
l-akbir 57
57
Du'as
Du'Esof starting
starting 57
57
Surah
Surah Fatihah
Fatihah 58
58
Recitationof aa Surah
Recitation Surah 58
58
Second
Second Takbir 58
58
Third
Third Takbir
Takbir 59
59
Du'frsof Janazah
Du'as Janazah 59
59
Ending the
Ending the Janazah
JanazahPrayer
Prayer 6r
61
Takbir
Fourth Takbir 6l
61
PrayerDuring
Prayer During aa Journey
Journey 6l
61
Whento shorten
When shortenand and combine
combinePrayers
Prayers ........62
62
journey
Duration of journey
D-uration 63
63
Natl
Nafl Prayer
Prayeron journey
on aa journey .63
63

••••••••••••
oo oa oo oo oo tt

9
 thtes about the
Notes about Transliteration
the Transliteration
The following
The followingsystem hasbeen
systemhas beenadopted
adoptedto represent
t0 represent corresponding
r:orresponding
sounds
sounds of
of the
theArabic Alphabet.
ArabicAlphabet.

ArJbic
Ar.rbicletter
letter English
English Example
Example Example
Example
Equivalent
Equivalent It Arabic)
Arabic) ( English)
English)

I a Allah
Allah ~pple
Apple
~
Y b bismillah
bismillah bat
bat
~
dr t Tirmizi
Tirmizi !oy
loy
,i•
'-oJ rh
th uthman
uthman through
t.Drough
c
C J Jabir
Jabir jug
iug
c
C; h
h Ra~eem
Raheem bate
[ate
c
C kh
kh Khalifah
Khalifah no English
no English
equivalent
equivalent
..)
J d Dn,mi
Dn.mi the
lbe
j i
oJ Aian
Aian re~emble
reEemble
J) rI Asr
fur river
liver
J) z2 zahid
zahid gero
!ero
tA
IJ" s salam
sal5m seen
~een
...
,.*
fJ'" sh
sh shuaib
shuaib shop
mop
.c
oj' ~I ~alat
salat ~ardine
sardine

~
f
j;
-b
,d
{
I
wu~u
wudu
fahir
fahir
guhr
noequivalent
no equivalent
no equivalent
no equivalent
,,
1
? ~uhr razor
ra~or

ee Jam6'at
JamIt'at no equivalent
no equivalent

~
e
15
gh
gh
f
Maghrib
Maghrib
Fajr
Fajr-
no equivalent
no equivalent
fan
lan
g
q lqamat
Iqamat queen
queen
~ (l, k kitab
kitab feen
f,een
J J I Jibreel
Jibreel lean
lean
r I m Muhammad
Muhammad !!loon
l[oon
o
U n Nisai
Nisai noon
noon
jt w wu{u
wUQu wallet
fiallet
j
~ h janazah
janazah ttour
[our
• I , \ noequivalent
no equivalent
in the
(t in the middle
middleof
of the
the letter)
letterI
c.S
L5 yv year
'year

to
10
 The following
The following system
system hashas been
been adopted
adopted to
to represent some of
represent some of the
the
complex sounds
complex sounds ofof the
the Arabic
Arabic language.
language.
AA macron
macron (-) (-) placed
placed 0non aa transcribed
transcribed Arabic vowel indicates
Arabic vowel indicates
lengthening of
lengthening of the
the sound
sound ofof that
that letter.
letter.

Arabic
Arabic English
English Example
Example Example
Example
Equivalents
Equivalents (Arabic)
(Arabic) ((EEnglish)
n s l i s)h

.- ea Allih
AilAh Apple
Apple

r\.sL
5l ee
ee Raheem
Raheem seen
seen
)J Ii istanja
istanja sit
sit
ISo iioorr e
eee seen
seen
6.Jb hi
hT he
he
'1
I'I u boot
boot
-u
ll)1 u 0awfid
Dawud true
true
jji f aw
aw sew
sew
ii)1 aww
aww awwal
awwal shovel
shovel
(51
$i ay
ay baY
bay
Cf
t5i ayy
aYy age
age
~~
13t ivv
iyy

Note:
Note:Sometimes
$ometimes an
an Arabic
Arabicletter
letterchanges
changes sound according
soundaccording to its
t0 its
position
position in
in the
theword;
word;for
for example;
example; whether
whether itit isis at
at the heginning,
thebeginning, in
in
the
ihe middle
middleor0r at
at the end.In
theend. Insuch
suchcircumstances
circumstances the Arabic
theArabic letter has
letterhas
been
heenrepresented
represented by
bymore
morethan
thanone English
oneEnglish equivalent.
equivalent.

Abbrwirtionr
Abbreviations

Thefollowing
The followingabbrwiations
abbreviations have
have been
been used
used ininthis
thisbook.
book.

So $tt-lAl
$ ,AA .WU v , SAl-
0 0ul. LANU ALAYlll
Lllltj AlAYHI lIA SAL-
WA $Al,- LAt
LAM
II PEACt
PtACr At0 BLESSING
AND ALt Af{ BE8t UPON
OF0F AllAH
8l.tS$lll0 l{ltII
uP0tHIM

RR .AA .
0 0 RADI
RA0tALLAHU|J ANHU
Ail.llf I/ANHA
Ailll||lillA
IIMAY PLtA$t0
Aruil BE8t PLEASED
tAy ALLAH lllt/ HER
|1llh HIMI
WITh l{tR

11
11
Chcrpter I
Chapter
B E F O HDOING
BEFORE D
EO I N G
WIJOU
WUQU

Iflf someone
someone needs
needs goto
to go
to to the
thetoilet,
toilet,he
heshould
shoulduse
usethe
thetoilet
toiletand
anddo
do
istanja
istanja before
before doingwudu.
doing wudu.

A B L U T IN
ABLUTION O

SIWAK ( T OO T H- S T I C K )
S I W A K(TOOTH--STlCK)

goodpractice
ItIt isis aa good practice to clean
to cleanthe
theteeth
teethwith
with aa tooth-stick,
tooth-stick, or
or aa tooth-
tooth-
brushbefore
brush performing
beforeperforming wudu.
wudu.In In this
thisway you can
way you canavoid
avoidmany
many
diseases
diseases whichare
which arecaused
caused by unclean
by unclean teeth.
teeth.
As mentioned
fu mentioned in
in the
thehadith
hadithAisha (R.A.)reported
Aisha(R.A.) reported Allah's
Allah's messen-
messen-
geras assaying:-
saying:- 'The use of a tooth-stick is a means of purifying
ger ''The useof a tooth-stick is a means of purifying the
the
mouthand
mouth pleasing
andisis pleasing to the
to the Lord
Lordas well"
aswell" )
(Ahmad.
(Ahmad. Oarmi,
0armi,and
andNisai
Nisai..l
Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.WJ also
alsosaid:- "lf I wouldn't
said:-"If wouldn'thavehavefelt
felt
that diffic,ult
that itit isis difficult for my
for peopleI would
my people woufd have
haveordered
ordered them
themto to use
useaa
tooth-stickwith
tooth-stick with every prayer,that
everyprayer, that is,
is, before
beforedoing
doingeach
eachwuQu.
wudu.So" So,
muslims
muslims shouldalways
should always try
try to
to fulfil
fulfilthis
thiswish
wishofof our
ourProphet
Prophet (S.A.W.).
(S.A.W.).

MAKING IGN T E N T | 0 N
M A K T N INTENTION FOR
F 0 RWUI}U (N|YAT)
W U g U(NIYAT)

Beforestarting
Before startingthe
the actions wu~u it is
actions0o wu{u is necessary
necesaryto t0 make
makeniyat.
niyat.
Make
Make Niyat
Niyat that
that the
the act of performing
act of wu~u is
performing wuf,u the purpose
for the
is for purpose of
purity only. Niyat
purity onfy. should be
Niyat should be made
made in
in the
the heart
heart because
because it is
is an
an action
action
of
of the
the heart
heart and
and not
not ofof the
the tongue.
tongue.
Niyat
Niyat by
by words
words isis not
not approved by Prophet
approved by Muhammad (S.A.W.l.
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).
Then
Then start
start the wu~u by
the wu{u saying:- Bismillbh
by saying:- hir-ra~ma nir-raheem
Bismillah hir-ra[rma nir-raheem
(ln
(In the name of Allah,
the name most graciou$,
Allah, most gracious, most
most merciful)"
merciful) II

ACTIONS FOR
FOR PER
ACTIO]tIS PERFORMING ABLUTION.
FORMIIIIG
A8 LUTIOI{.

l. Wash the
1. Wash hands up
the hands up to the
the wrist
wrist making
making sure
sure that
that n0
no part
part of the
the
hands is
hands is left
left dry.
dry.
2.
2. Rinse
Rinse the
the mouth
mouth taking
taking up
up water
water w;th
with the
the right
right hand.
hand.

3. Clean
3. Clean the
the nose: sniff water
nose: sniff up from
water up from the right palm
the right palm and
and then
then eject
eject
water
water with
with the
the left
left hand.
hand.

1
122
a. Wash the
4. {ash the face,
face, from
from ear
ear to -eat,
ear, and
and forehead
forehead to chin
chin making
making sure
sure
that no part
that no part of the
the face
face is
is left
left dry.
dry.
5. Then
5. Then rvash
wash the forearms (right
the forearms (right forearm
forearm first)
first) up
up to the
the elbou,s
elbows
making sure
making sure that no part
that no part of them
them is
is left
left dry.
dry.
6.Rub
6. the head
Rubthe head as
as follows:-
follows:-
Wet your
Wet your fingers
fingers and
and then
then wipe
wipe the
the head with your
head with your fingerqnstarting
fingers,starting
from the
from the forehead,
forehead, taking
taking them
them toto the
the nape
nape of the
the neck,
neck, then
then
bring them
bring them back
back to
to the
the forehead.
forehead.

7.
7. Clean
Clean the
the ean
ears by
by inserting
inserting the
the tips
tips of the
the index
index fingers
fingers wetted
wetted with
with
unter
water into
into the
the ears,
ears, twist
twist them
them around
around the
the foids
foids of the
the ears
ears then
then
pass
pass the
the thumb
thumb behind
behind the
the ears
ears from
from the
the bottom,
bottom, upwards.
upwards.
8. *Washthe
8. *Wash the feet (right foot
feet (right foot first)
fint) up
up toto the
the ankles
anklesmaking
makingsure
sure
that
that no parts of the
no parb the feet
feetare
areleft
left dry,
dry, especially
especially between the
betrueen toes.
the toes.
* S P E C I AFACILITIES
*SPECIAL FLA C I L I T I EIN
IS ABLUTION
il A BLUTIOT{
Rubbing
Eubbingthethe socks
sockswith
with wet
wet handshandsinstead
insteadof washing
washing the feet;
the feet;
allowed,provided
allowed, provided that
that the
the socks
sockshave been put
havebeen put on afterperfonr'
0n after perfonr',lg
,rg
an
an ablution,
ablution,including
including washing
washing the
the feet.
feet.This
Thisis
is allowed
aflowed for
for 24
24 hours
hours
from
fromthe
the time
timeofof ablution,
ablution, and
andfor for3 3 days
daysif the person
theperson is on a journey.
isona journey.
After
After this
thistime
time the
the feet
feetmust
mustbe bewashed.
washed. Similarly
Similarly if there
thereisisa wound
wound
in
in any pars of the
any parts the body
bodywhich
whichhas hasto
to be
bewashed
washed in
in ablution,
ablution,and
andif
washing
washing that particularpart
that particular part isis likely
likelyto
t0 cause
causeharm,
harm,it is permisible
is permissible
to wipe
to wipethe
thedressing
dressing of thewound
of the woundwith witha wet
wethand.
hand.
HADITH
HAOITH

Mughira
Mughira bin
binshu'bah
shu'bahsaid,said, "Prophet (S.A.W.)performed
"Prophet(S.A.W.) performed ablution
ablution
and
andwiped
wipedover
overhis
hissocks
socksand
andhis
hissandals."
sandals."
(Ahmad,
(Ahmad, Tirmizi,
Tirmizi,Abu
Abu Dawud,
Dawild, and
andIbnlbn Majah).
Maiah).
Each
Eachdetail
detailof
of ablution
ablutionhas
hasbeen performed
beenperformed by
by Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.)once,
(S.A.W,) once,twice
twice or 0r three
threetimes (exceptrubbing
times(except rubbingof of head
headand
and
cleaning of ears,
cleaningof ears,i.e. i.e. actions
actions 6 and
and 7 should
shouldonly bb done
only be doneonce).
once).
Since
Sinceall
all the
the above
abovemethods
methodsmeet
meetProphet (S.A.W.)tapproval
Prophet(S.A.W,}'s approval we
we
can
canperform
performablution
ablutionby by doing
doingthe
theactions
actions once,
once,twice
twiceor
0r three
threetimes.
times.
provided
provided that
that no parthas
no Dart hasbeen
beenleft
left dry.
drY.
Amr
Amr bin
bin Shuaib,
Shuaib, quotinghis
quoting hisfather
fatheronon the
theauthority
authorityof of his grand'
hisgrand-
father
fathernarrated
narratedthat
that Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
{S.A.W.) said, "lf anyone
said,"If anyone
performs
performs actions
actionsof of ablution
ablutionmore
morethan
than3 times,he
timesrhe has donewrong,
hasdone wrong,
transgressed,
tramgresed, and
anddone
donewickedly.
wickedly.
(Nisai,
(Nisai, Ibn
lbn Majah)
Majah)
DU'A
O U ' AAT
A T THE
T H EEND
E i l DOF
O FABLUTION
ABLUTIOT{

"Ash
"Ashhadu
haduan
anIii aha
l5iIitaha
iIIallahu
illalldhuwah
rmhdahu
dahuIfshareeka lahu
lf shareeka
lahfi
13
13
 wa
waash
ashhadu atrna
haduan-na
Muhammadan 'abduhE
'abduhu wa
wa
illuhammadan
rasuluhu: (Mrnliml.
rruluhu:(Muslim).

fi;*l t f $jli,Et l,frglilfS *r;i;*i

"e,j'i rfi'i-*$s;#l
"Allah 'alnseminat
minat
"Allahhum
hummaj
mai'alnn
sni
taw-wlbeen"Mj
trpwlbmn hlneo
'alnee minal
minal
muta
mub18h-hireen." (Tirmiril.
ph-hiren."(TirmizH.

<tr;:toiriFi"isl..v}bQy*;5lrtirest;ay;$rf

"1
"l testify
tctify that
that there
thereisis no deityexcept
no rjeity exceptAllah alone.And
Allahalone. AndI testify
testify
that
thatMuhammad
Muhammad (S.AW.IisisHis
(S.A.W.) Hisservant andmessenger."
and
servant messenger."
(Muslim)
(Muslim)
"0 Allah
Allahmake
makeme amongthose
meamong whoare
thosewho penitent
arepenitent andmake
and makememe
among
among those
thosswho
whoare purified."
arepurified."
(Tirmizil
(Tirmizi)
TAYAMMUM
TAYATIi,IUIt|
In
In circumstances
circumstancs whenwater
when rvatercannot
cannotbe be found,
found,or or just
just enough
enough is
is
available
arailable for
for drinking,
drinking, or
or it is
is iniufous
injurous to
t0 health:
health: in
in such situations
suchsituations
Tayammum
Tayammum (dryablution)
(dry ablution) can
canbe performed.
beperformed.
The procedure
The procedure below givenaccording
belowisis given according to Ouran
to Ouranand Hadith.
and Hadith.
".........And
".........And you don't
if you don'tfind find any water,then
anywater, thentake
takeclean
cleanearth
eafth
(orsand)
(or sand)and andrub rub it on yourface,
on your face,and
andhands.
hands. Allahdoes
Allah doesnotnotwish
wish
to put you
to put you in difficulty,
in aa difficulty, but he
but wantsto
hewants to make
makeyouyouclean,
clean, andto
and to
complete
complete-His frvourunto
-His favour you,so
untoyou, youshould
so you shouldbe grateful
be grateful to Him."
to Him."
(SurahV.
(Surah V. verse
verse6). (Thepermission
6). (The permisionto to use
usesand
sandforfor this purpose
thispurpose isis
allowed
allorved in
in the
theQuran).
Ouran).
PROCEOU8E
PROCEDURE

Makeniyat
l. Make
1. in the
niyatin hmrt.
theheart.
2.
2. Begin
Begin withthe
with thename
nameof
of Allah.
Allah.
3.
3. Strike
Strikeboth palmsof
bothpalms of hand
handon on clean
cleansand, dustor
sand,dust or anything
anythingcon-
con-
taining these,e.g.
tainingthese, wall or
e.g.wall or stone
stoneetc.
etc.then blowinto
fren blow into the palms.
the palms.
pan the
pass pafmsof
the palms both hands
of both overthe
handsover the face
faceonce
onceand
andthen ruh
thenrub
yourright
your rit'rt hand
handwith
with the
the left palmand
left palm andleft
lett hand
handwith
with the right
theright
palml.
palm).
(Bukhari
(Bukhari and
andMuslim).
Mrslim).
14
14
4. Finish
4. Finish with
with the
the same
same Du'd as given
Du'a as given at the
the end
end of ahlution.
ablution.
Note: 0ther
f{ote: Other procedures
procedures include
include the
the forearms
forearms and
.and shoulders as well
shoulders as well m
as
armpits. These
armpits. These have
have been
been transmitted
transmitted by reputable
reputable scholan
scholars but the
the
most preferable
most preferable and
and authentic
authentic is that given
is that given above.
above.

o o o
oooooo o o o

15
15
Chspter 22
Chapter
TIME - PLACE
TIME· PTACE -- DRESS and -- TYPES
DRESS and OF SALAT
TYPES OF SALAT

I . TIME
1. T I M EOF
O FSALAT
SALAT

Each,qalat.
Each ~alat must beoffered
Tult be offeredatat or
orduring
during_iu propertime..
its proper Noflist
time..No plat Cln
crn
be offered
be offeredbefore
beforeits
its time.
time.There
Thereare
arefive obligatory falat
five.obligatory in a day.
iiiiaai.
dat
F A J RPRAYER
FAJR PRAYEB

Thetime
The time for
for the
the Fajr
Fajror
or the
the morning
morningprayer
prayerstarts
startsat
at dawn
dawnand
and
ends atsun-rise.
endsat sunrise.
Pnyer
ZuhrPrayer
Zuhr
The time
The time forfor Zuhr
Zuhr or or the
the early
earlyafternoon
aftemoonprayer prayerstarts
rtartswhen
whenthe the
sun
sunbegins
beginsto to decline
declinefrom f rom its its zenith
zenithand andendsendrwhen
wtrenthethesize
rizeof anan
object's
obiecttshadow
shadow isisequal
equalto the~ize
to the sizeofof the
theobject.
obiect.
Jabir
Jabirbin bin Abdullah
Abdulfah(R.A.) (R.A.l narrated,
narrated, 'The angel Jibreel came
"The angelJibreelcams
to Prophet
to ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
andsaidsaidto to him, 'Standup and
him, 'Stand up and
pray Zuhr'.
pray Zuhr'.So So the the messenger
messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W\I prayed
Allah (S.A.W prayedZuhr Zuhr
when the
when the sun
sun hadhad decl declinedined from
from its its zenith.
zenlth.Then Then the tne Angel
Anget
Jibreelcame
Jibreel againat
cameagain at the
the timetime of of Asr
Asr andandsaid, 'Standup and
said,'Stand up and
PrayAsr~
Pray AsriThen
ThenProphetProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)prayed
(S.A.W.) prayedAsr when
Asr'when
the
the shadow
shadowof everything
everything was equal
was equalto itself.
itself.Then Jibreel came
ThenJibreel came
the
the next
next dayday toto Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.)and and said,
said,'Stand
Stand
!p and pray
up and pray Zuhr'.
Zuhr', Then ThenProphetProphet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.)prayedprayed
Zuhr
Zuhr when
when thethe shadow
shadow of everything everything was was equal
equal to itself.
itself. Then
Then
Jibreel came again
Jibreel came again at at Asr
Asr timetime and said, 'Stand
and said, 'Stand up up and
and pray
pray Asr'.
Asr'.
Then
Then he he prayed
prayed fur Asr when
when the the shadow
$hadow of everything
everything rvas was trvice
twice
its length
its length _
Therr Jibreel
Then Jibreel said, (after praying
said, (after praying 10 10 prayers
prayers with with Prophet
Prophet Muham-
Muham-
mad (S.A.W.)
mad (S.A.W.) in in nruo
two consecutive
consecutive days) days) thatthat the
the time
time of prayer
prayer
is in
is in between
between th$e these two two timesl"
times:"
Ahmad,
Ahmad, Nasai,Nasai, Tirmizi
Tirmizi and and Bukhari
Bukhari remarked
remarked that that this
this is
is
the most
the most authentic hadith giving
authentic hadith giving the
the times
times of prayer.
prayer.
We
We findfind that
that many many books books on ~alat state
on $alat stat~ the
the ending
ending timetime
Zuhr prayer
of Zuhr prayer and and thethe starting
starting timetime of fui Asr prayer
prayer whEn
when the the
shadow
shadow of something
something is is twice
twice itself.
itself. But But this
this contradicts
contradicts the the
above
above hadith
hadith as as 0n
on the the first
first day day Jibreel
Jibreel asked
asked Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) t0 to pray
pray fur Asr when
when the the shadow
shadow of everything
everything was was equaf
eQuat
to
to itself.
itself. This
This means
means that that was was thethe end
end timetime of of Zuhr
Zuhr prayer.
prayer. And And
we
we already
already knowknow that that all all the
the ulamas
ulamas of of the
the Muslim
Muslim UmmahUmmah

116
6
 agree unanimously
agree unanimously that that n0 no prayer
prayer can
can be offered before
be offered its time.
before its time.
Asr Prayer
Arr Prryer
The trme
The time for for AsrAsr or or late afternoon prayer
late afternoon starts when
prayer starts when thethe shadow
shadow
of something
of something is
is equal
equal to
to itself
itself and
and ends
ends just
just bef
before
ore sunset.
sunset.
It is
It is better
better to to offer Asr prayer
offer fur prayer bef orethe
before the sun becomes yellow
sun beeomes yellow
because even
because even though
though itit is allowed to
is allowed to offer the orayer
offer the prayer atat this
this
time the
time Prophet (S.A.Y{.}
the Prophet disliked Muslims
(S.A.W.l disliked Muslims to to 0elay Asr prayer
Oelay fur prayer
up to this
up this time.
time. He He remarked
remarked that that the Munafiq (Hypocritel
the Munafiq (Hypocrite)
offered his
offered his prayer
prayer at at this
this time.
time.
Maghrib Praycr
Maghrib Prayer
The time
The time for for thethe Maghrib
Maghrib 0r th~ sunset
or th0 sunset prayer starts just
prayer starts just after
after
sunsp.t and
sunset and ends
ends when when twilight
twilight has has disappeared.
disappeared.
!sha Prayer
!sha Prayer
The time
The time for for lshaIsha or night prayer
or night prayer starts from the
starts from the disappearaitue
disappearance
of twilight
of twilight and and endsends just
just before
before midnight.
midnight.
It iiis preferable
preferable io to offer this prayer
offer this prayer before midnight but
before midnight but it
can be offered
canbe offered right
right uo
uo to
tn the
thp. break
break of
of dawn'
dawn.
l,lote:- In
Note: countries where
In countries where due due to to cloudy
cloudy weather
weather thethe sun
sun isis not
not
always
alurnys visible it is
visible is advisable
advisable to follow printed
to follow calendars giving
printed calendars giving the
the
accurate
accurate time of
time of each prayer.
eachPraYer.
FORBIDDEN
F TIMES
O R B I D D ET I M E SOF
N O FPPRAYER
HAYER
uqbahbin
Uqbah bin Amir said," There
Amir said, Therewere
H, werethree
threetimes
timesat
at which
whichAllah's
Allah's
messenger
messenger (S.A.W.)
(S.A. W.) used
usedto forbidus
to forbid us to prayor
to pray 0r bury
bury our
our dead.
dead.
(i) When
(i) Whenthethesun began
sunbegan to
to rise
riseuntir
untitit was
wasfully
fullyup.
up.
(ii) When
(jj) Whenthe the sun
sun was
was at
at its
its height
heightat at midday til! it p~sed
middaytil! passed
the
themeridian,
meridian,
(iii) When
(iii) Whenthe
thesun
sundrew
drewnear
neartoto setting
setting till
till it had
hadset:'
setl'
(MUSLIM)
(MUSLIM)
FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR NAFl PRAYER
F O B B I D D ETiIl M E SF O RN A F LP R A Y E R

(i)
{i} Abu
Abu Sa'eed
Sa'eedalal Khudree (R.A.)reported
Khudree(R.A.) reportedAllah's mes$enger
Allah'smessenger
(S.A.W.)as
(S.A.W.) as saying, "No prayer
saying,"No prayerisis to
to be
be said afterthe
saidafter Fair
the Fajr
prayer
prayeruntil
until the
the sun
sun rises,
rises,or
or after the Asr
afterthe prayeruntil
fur prayer the
until the
sun
sunsets:'
setsl'
( B u k h a r i 'Muslim)
(Bukhari-& &uslim)
M

Only
Only naf1 prayerisis forbidden
nafl prayer forbidden at
at these timesbut
thesetimes missed
but aa missed
fard
fardprayer
prayercan
sande
de offered.
offered.Most
Mostof theulamas
of the ulamas of the
of Muslim
theMuslim
Um'mah
Ummahallowed
allowedthe
the offering
offeringof of missed
missedfard prayerafter
fard prayer after
Fair
Fajrand
andAsr
fur because
becauseof
of the
thefollowing
following hadith
hadith
Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)said,
(S.A.W.) '1/Vho
said, 'Who has forgotten
hasforgotten
the
the prayer
prayer he should
he should pray
pray it
it whenever
whenever he remembers
he remembers iti'
it:'
( B u k h a&&
(Bukhari r i Muslim)
Muslim)

(ii)
(ij) A
A nafl prayercannot
nafl prayer cannotbe
be offered
offeredonce
oncethe lqamatfor
the Iqamat for fard
fard
prayerhas
prayer hasbeen
beensaid.
said.Abu
Abu Hurairah
Hurairahnal'rated
flarrated that
that the
the mes:
mes-
17
17
 senger (S.A.W.lsaid, 't{hen the Iqamat hasbeen
beensaid"
said,
sengerof
of Allah
Allah(S.A.W.) said,"When the lqanlathas
then, there isis no
thenrthere prayervalid
no prayer (Nafl or
valid(Nafl or sunnat)
sunnat)except
exceptthe
the
Fard prayerfor
Fardprayer for which
whichthe
the Iqamat
lqamatwaswassaid."
said."
(Ahmad
(Ahmad & Muslim)
Muslim)

It isis seen
seenin practicethat
in practice that many peoplecontinue
manypeople continuewith
with the
the
sunnat prayereven
sunnatprayer wen though
thoughthethe iqamat
iqamathashasbeen
beensaid
saidfor
for the
the
far~ prayerespecially
far{ prayer epeciallyinin the
the Fajr prayer.They
Fajr prayer. They feel
feelthat
that the
the
Rakatsunnat
2 Rakat sunnatofof Fajr
Fajrcan
canonly
only be
be offered
offeredbefore the Far~.
beforethe Far{.
This practiceisis against
This practice againstcongregation
congregation Philosophy,
Philosophy, discipline
discipline
of Jama'at,
Jamd'at,and and a clear
clearviolation
violationof Hadith.
Hadith.They
They should
should
offer
offer 2 rakat
rakatsunnat
sunnatof of Fajr
Fairimmediately
immediately after
afterthe
the Fard
Fardoror
after
aftersunrise.
sunrise.

2.
2 . PLACE
PLACE FOR
F O RSALAT
SALAT

A place
placeor
or a building
buildingwhich
whichisis used
usedforfor the purpose
the purpose of
of worship
woship
and
and prayer
prayerisis called
calleda masjid (Mosque).
mciid (Mosque). A hadith
hadithtells
tellsus
us that "all
that "all
the
the earth
earthhas
hasbeen
beenrendered
rendered for
for the
the Muslims,
Muslims, a mosque (Pureand
mosque(Pure and
clea!l)."
clmn)."
This
This means
mearsthat
that wherever
wherevera muslim
muslimmight
mightbebe he
he can
can offer
offer his
his
prayer
prayerbutbut the
the revvard
reuardof a prayer
prayeroffered
offeredinin a mosque
mosqueisis far grmEr
far greater
than
thanthat
that offered
offeredinin an
an ordinary place.The
ordinaryplace. Thefollowing pointsshould
followingpoints should
be
benoted
notedwhen
whenchoosing
choosing a place
placefor prayer.
for prayer.

(a) The
(a) placeshould
The place shouldbe
be clean
clan and pure.~Iat
andpure. $alatin
in a dirty,
dirty,filthy
filthy and
and
impure
impure place
placesuch
such as
if a rubbish
rubbishtip,
tip, slaughter
slaughterhouse,
house,bathing
bathing
placeand
place anda camel penis
camelpen isforbidden.
forbidden.
(bl The
(b) placeshould
The place shouldbebe free
free from
from danger.
danger. The
The danger
danpr could
could be
be
due
due to
to someone
someone or
or something
something that
that may
maydisturb
disturbthe
the worshipper.
worshipper.
(c) A prayer
(c) prayerplace
placewhere
wherethe
the worshipper
worshippermight
mighthinder
hindermovement
movement
of
of others
othersshould
shouldbe
be avoided,
avoided,e.g.
e.g.busy
busy pavements,
pavements, public
publicroad-
road-
waysetc.
ways etc.
(d) It
(d) lt is
isforbidden
forbiddento pray
prayon
on the
the roof
roofof
of Saitullah
Baitullah (Ka'bahl.
(Ka'bah).
(e) It
(e) lt is
isforbidden
forbiddento
to pray
prayon
on top
top of or
or facing
facingtowards
towardsa grave.
grave.

3.
3. DRESS
DRESS FOR
FORSALAT
SATAT

MEN
MEN

(i)
(j) The dress
The dres for
for the
the men
menshould
shouldbe
besuch
suchthat
that it covers
coversfrom
from the
the
navelto the
navel the kneesat
kneemtleast.
lect.

18
18
(iil
(in The shoulders should
ThEshoulders should not
not be
be left
left uncovered.
uncovered.
(iiil
(iii) $alat can
$alat tan be
be prayed
prayed in one garment
in one garment if it covers the body
covers the body
from the
from the navel
navel to the
the knees
knees as
as well as the
well as the shoulders.
shoulders.

"None of you
"None must pray
you must pray in single garment
in a sin$e whilh no
garment of whirh no
part comes
part comes over
over the
the shoulderj'
shoulder:'
((BUKHARI
B U K H A R&
&I M USLIM}
MUSLIM)

If, however,
lf, the grment
however, the garment is not long
is not enough to
long enough cover the
to uover the
then parts
shoulders then
shoulders the body
parts of the between the
body between navel and
the navel and
the knees
the knees should
should at
at least
least be
be covered.
covered.

WOMEN
W O ME N

The dress
The dress of the
the woman
woman should
should bebe such
such that her whole
covers her
that it covers whole
body from
body from head
head to foot
foot leaving
leaving only the face
only the and the
face and hands un'
the hands un·
covered. A
covered. A prayer
prayer offered
offered in
in transparent
transparent clothing is not
clothing is valid. Also
not valid. Also
tight
tight fitting
fitting clothing
cfothingwhich
whichshows
showsthe
the shape
shapeof the body
of the should
body should
be avoided.
be avoided.

4.
4 . TYPES
TYPES OF ~ALAT
O FS ALAT

a) Far~
a) Fardor
or obligatory
obligrtory$alat.
Salat.

Far~
Fardprayer
prayerisis an
an obligatory prayer.Every
obligatoryprayer. [very believer
believer isis ordered
ordered
by
by Allah
Allahto
to offer
offer five
five obligatory
obligatory prayers
prayers in aa day.
in Failureto
day. Failure to
observe
observe anyone
any one of of the
the five
five obligatory
obligatory prayers
prayers isis aa serious
seriousandand
punishable
punishable sin.
sin.

b) NafJ
b) ltlaflPrayer.
Prayer.

This
Thisisis aa voluntary
voluntary prayerwhich
prayer whichthe
theProphet
Prophet (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) observed
observed
before
beforeor after Far~
or after Fardatat special
special and
and isolated
isolated occasions.
occasions. Itlt also
also
includes
includes those
thosewhich
whichhe heencouraged
encouraged Muslims
Muslims to prav.
to pray.

The
TheNafl
NaflPrayer
Prayer can
canbe
bedivided
divided into
intothree
threecategones.
categortes.

(i) Sunnat
(i) Sunnat Mu'akkadah
Mu'akkadah (compuhory)
(compulsory)

That
Thatisisthose
those which
whic,hare
areemphasized
emphasizedby
by the HolyProphet
theHoly Prophet (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
and
and offered
offeredregularly
regularly by
by him
him before
beforeoror after the Far~
afterthe prayrlr.
FardpraYI~r.

(iil Ghair
(ii) GheirMu'akkadah
Mu'akkadah(optional)
(optional)

Thatisis those
That thoseoffered
offeredonly
onlyoccasionally
occasionallyby Prophet
by Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(s.A.w.l.
(S.A.W.).
r9
19
(iiil Nell
(iii) (Extnl
Prryrr(Extrl)
thfl Preyer
Thb isis an
This anextra prayer.
extraprayer. Thereisisaa reward
There reward for praying
for praying itit and
andnono
sin forleaving
sinfor leaving it. Itlt can
it. canbebeoffered
offered atany
at anyisolated
isolated instance
instante atcord-
accord-
ingto
ing to the
thetime
timeand
andcapacity
capacity of the
of thebeliever.
believer.Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(S.AW,)encouraged
(S.A.W.) encouraged the believers
the believers to praynatl
t0 pray nall to
to help
helpmakemake
up for
up for any
anyminor
minoromissions
ombsions or other
or otherdefects
defec$inin the
theobligatory
obligatory
praysr.
prayer.
5. NUMBER
5. TUTIBEROF
OFRAKATS FORTHEFIVE
RAKATSFORTHE FIVEOBLIGATORY
OETIGATORY PRAYERS
PRAYERS
(il Fejr
(0 FrirPrlyer.
Prryrr.
rakarsunnat
22 rakats Mu'akkadah,
sunnat
Mu'akkadah, Rakats
22 Rakats Far~.
Fard.

(ii) Zuhr
(ii) Prryrr,
ZuhrPrlver.
2 or rakats
or 4 rakats sunnat Mu'akkadah,
sunnatMu'akkadah, rakabfar~,
4 rakats rakats
far{,2 rakats sunnat
sunnat
Mu'akkadah
Mu'akkadah andan
and anunspecified
unspecifiednumber
number of nafl
of timeand
ro time
naflas andcap-
cap-
alloun.
acityallows.
acity
lbn Umar
Ibn (R.A.)said
Umar(R.AJ "l prayed
said"I prayed alone with Allah's
alonewith Allah'smessenger
mesengel
(S.A.W.)
(S.A.WJ rakatsbefore
2 rakats rakatsafter
and2 rakats
beforeand afterthe
the Zuhr prayer."
Zuhrprayer."
( B U K H A R&I MUSLIM)
(BUKHARI MUSLIM)

It isis a familiar practiceto

familiarpractice to offer
offer 4 rakats
rakatssunnat
sunnatbefore
beforeZuhr
Zuhr
prayer,but
prayer, but this
this hadith provesthat
hadith proves that 2 rakat
rakatsunnat
sunnatbefore
beforethe
the
Zuhr prayeris
Zuhrprayer isalso
alsoallowed.
allowed.
(iiil Asr
(iii) Arr Praver.
Prryrr.

2 or0r 4 rakats
rakat sunnat
sunnatghair Mu'akkadah,
$rair Mu'akkadah, 4 rakats
rakatsFard.
Fard.
Ali (R.A.)said,
Ali (R.A,) "Allah'smessenger,(S.A.W,)
said,"Allah's messenfr (S.A.W.} used t0 pray
usedto pray 4 rakats
rakafu
before Aer prayer
before Per ssparatang
prayer separating themwith
them withaasalll
salutation........"
tation........"
(TlBftllZll
(TfRMIZI)

Anotherhadith
Another hadithnarrated
narrated by
by Ali (R.A.)says,
Ali (R.AJ says, "Allah'smessenger
"Allah's mesenger
(S.A.W.}
(S.A.WJ used to pray
usedto tw'orakats
pray two rakasbefore Asrprayer."
before Asr prayer." _
(ABU
(ABU DAWUO}
DAWUO)
(ivl
(iv) Mrghrib
Meghrib Prryar.
Preyer.

2 rakats nafl, 3 rakan

rakats nafl, fard,2 rakats
rakats fard, sunnat Mu'akkadah
rakats sunnat Mu'akkadah and
and
an
an unspacified
unspecified number
number ofof' nafl
nafl 6as time
time and capacity allows.
and capacity allows.
Abdullah bin Mughaffal
Abdullah bin Mughaffal reported
reported the Prophet (S.A.W.)
the Prophet (S.A.W.) as
as saying,
saying,
20
2 0
 "Pray before
"Pray beforethe
the Maghrib prayerj'adding
Maghribprayer;' addingwhen
whensaying
sayingit the
the
thirdtime,
third "Thisapplies
time,"This appliesto
to those
those who
whowish
wishto
to do
d0so."
s0."
(EUKHAR
(BUKHARI &tMUSLIM)
&USL|MI
M

Thatwas
That wasbecause
becausehe did not
he did not wish peopleto
wish people t0 treat
treatit as
asaa com-
com-
pulsory
pulsory sunnat.
sunnat.

rakatsnafl
2 rakats naflafter
aftersunset
sunset and
andbefore
beforethe themaghrib
maghrib prayer
prayer
a r eallowed
are a l l o w e dfor
f o r tliose
t l i o s ewho
l v h owish
w i s hto
t o do 0 . For
d o :::0. F o r this
t h i sthe
t h e above
above
hadithisis aa sure
hadith proof.However,
sureproof. However, some peopleforbid
somepeople forbidthis thisand
and
othersfind
others find it very
very suange
srrange if they
theysee personoffer
seeaa person offer2 rakats
rakats
naflbefore
natl beforeMaghrib.
Maghrib.
(v) Isha
(v) lshaPrayer.
Pmyer.

An unspecified
An unspecifiednumberof
number 0f nafl rakatsaccording
nafl rakats according to
to the
the time
time
andcapacity
and capacity,4 rakats
I fard,2 rakats
rakatsfard, rakatssunnat
sunnatMu'akkadah,
Mu'akkadah, un-
un-
specified
specified numberof
number of nafl
nafl'as
as time
time and
and capacity
capacity allows
alloran and 3
and
witr.
witr.

Some peopleinsist
Somepeople very emphatically
insistvery emphatically upon
upon the
the offering
offeringof
of 4
rakats
rakatsoptional
optionalsunnat beforethe
sunnatbefore the isha prayerbut
ishaprayer but during
duringour
our
entire
entireresearch
research we
we could
could not find aa single
not find proof,any
singleproof, practice
any practice
or
or order
orderfrom ProphetMuhammad
from Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.WJ or
or his
hiscompanions
companions
to justify
to justify this
thisclaim.
claim.Certainly
Certainly itit isis allowed
allowedtQ praynafl
ta pray naflwhile
while
waiting
waitingforfor Jama'at.
Jamd'at.

Some peopleoffer
Somepeople rakats~nafl
offer 2 rakats .nafl after
afterthe
the witr prayer.How-
witr prayer. How-
ever,
evet,there
thereisis an
an authentic
authentic hadith whichstates
hadithwhich statesthat
that the
the witr
witr
prayershould
prayer shouldbebe offered
offeredafter
afterall
all the
the nafl
naflwhich person
whichaa person wishcs
wishes
to prayhave
to pray havebeen
beenoffered.
offered.

Ibn
lbn Umar (H.A.)reported
Umar(R.A.) reported that
thatthe Mesenger
the Messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W)
Allah(S.A.W.)
said, "Makewitr
said,"Make witr as
asthe
thelast prayerof
lat prayer yournight
of your prayerl'
nightprayer:'
(MtsHKATI
(MISHKAT)

o o o o o

21
21
Chspter J
Chapter t
AZAN ..... IQAMAT
AZAN IQAMAT

As you know,
As you know, in
in all
alf Muslim
Muslimcountries
countriesAian
Aian isis called
calledaloud
aloud
five
fivetimes
timesaa day
day and youmust
andyou musthave
haveheard it. Have
heardit. you ever
Haveyou wondered
everwondered
how
howit started?
stafted?

sroRY
STORY OF n2nr*r
0FAZAN
A long
longtime
timeago
agowhen
whenthetheMuslims
Muslims migrated
migrated from
fromMakkah
Makkah to Madinah
to Madinah
they
they used
usedto to agree
agree about
aboutaa fixed
fixedtime
timeforfor the
the congregational
congregational prayer.
prayer.
They
They found
foundit difficult
difficultto remember
t0 remember the
the time
time fixed for the
fixed for prayer
the prayer
sometimes, especially when
sometimesrespecially when they
they were
were busybusydoing
doingtheir
their work.
work. One
One
day
day Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)and
(S.A.WJ and the Muslimsdiscussed
the Muslims discusedthe the
matterof
matter of calling
callingthe peoplefor
the people for the
the congregational
congregational prayerat
prayer at the
the
exacttime.
exact time.Some
Someof of the believers
the believers suggested
suggested the
the use
useof
of something
something like
like
the
the bell
bell of the
the Christians,
Christians, others
othes suggested
suggested the
the use
ussof aa horn
hornlike
likethat
that
of
of the
the Jews,
Jews,but
but Umar (R.A.)suggested
Umar(R.A.) suggested sending
sending someone
somsone to
t0 announce
announce
the
the prayer.
prayer. Then Messenger
Then Allah's Messenger
Allah's (S.AW.)appointfd
(S.A.W.) appointedBitalBilal to
t0
call
callthe peopleto
the people prayer.But
t0 prayer. But it seems
seems through
throughthethestudy
studyof ahadith
ahadith
that the
that the method
methodwas was not
not satisfactory.
satisfactory. Then ProphetMuhammad
Then Prophet Muhammad
(S.A.W.}agreed
(S.A.WJ agreedto to use
useaa NaQoose
Naqoose (a oooch),
(a eonch),something
something like
like the
the bell
bell
of
of Christians
Christians but
but he
hewas
wc notnot happy
happytoto use
useit because
because of its
itssimilarity
similarity
with
with the
the Christians.
Christians.

After Prophet
AfterProphet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.WJ hadordered
had ordered aa bell
bellto
to be
bemade
made
so
so that
that it could
couldbe
be struck
struckto gatherthe
to gather peopleto
the people prayer;on
to prayer; on that
that
same
samedayday aa companion,
companion, Abdullahbin
Abdullah bin Zaid
Zaidbin Abd Rabbihi"said,
bin Abd Rabbihirsaid, "l
"1
was
vrrassleeDing
sleeping when
whenI saw
'Servant saw aa man
mancarrying
carrying aa naqoose
nagoose in
in his
hishands,
hands,andand
I said,
said,'Servant of Allah,
Allah,will you sell
will you selfthis
this to
to me?' Whenhe
me?'When he asked
cked
what
what I would
woufddodo with
with it?t replied,that
it?l replied, that we
we would
woulduseuseit to to call
callthe
the
peopfeto
people prayer.He
t0 prayer. Hesaid,
said, 'Shall
ShalfI not guideyou
not guide youto
to something
somsthing better
better
than
thanthat?'
that?'I replied/Certainly',
repliedr'Certainly',so
so he tnld me
he told metot0 sav.
sav,
'Allehu
Akbar, A/llJhu
'AI/ahu Akbar, AllEhu Akbar,
Akbar, Allahu
Allahu Akbar,
Akbar, AI/shu
Altdhu
AkMr, Ash
Akbar,. ,Ash hadu an IilE ilaha
ildha illal
illal lah,
lEh, ashxh hadu
hdu an la li ilaha
il6ha
illal lEh, Ash
iI/allah, Ash hadu an-na
an-ru,Mul)ammadar
Mufiammadar resulu/·/iJh,
resitut4en, Ash
Ash hadu
MuQammadAr rasulul-llJh,
an-na Mul)ammadilr
an-na rafilullEh, I)ayya 'al4 $a/ah,
galEh, payya
'alq galdh 'alal bayya 'a/Sf 'alal-falEh bayya
'alSf ~aISh, payya
fuayya 'alaI falal),
fa6h, Qayya
fuayya 'alaI-fa Ilh' Allahu
AllEhu
Aktur, AI/ahu
Akbar, Aktur, La
AllEhu Akbar, G ilaha
ilffia iI/allah.
illal lilh.'l' ·

22
22
 After the
After the Aian Aian the the stranger
stranger keptkept quiet for aa while
quiet for and then
while and then
said, {lhen
said, When the the congregation
congregation is rea~y you
is ready should say:-
you should Allahu Akbar,
say:- Allihu Akbar,
Allfihu Akbar.
All6hu Akbar, Ash Ash hadu
hadu an an liIii lilaha
lilaha illal
iIIallah, hadu an'na
Ash hadu
lah,fuh an·na [luham-
'alal fal-ah,qad qEmatis
Muham-
madar rasOlul-lah, ~ayya
'alaq
'ala, galih,
salah, bayya 'alai fala~, qad qama tis
madarras0lul-lifr, hayya bayya
~Iah, qad
satah, qad q6ma
qama tii tis iaieh,
salah, A[l6hu
AII3hu Akbar,
Akbar, All6hu Akbar, lila ilihillal
Allahu Akbar, ilatll illal
Hlah.
h.
When II told
When told Allah's Messenger (S'A.W.)
Allah's Mesenger (S.A.W.) in the the morning
morning what what
II had
had seenrhe said, 'lt
seen1he said, 'It is
is a true
true vision,
vision, insha'Allah,
insha·Allah, so so get
get up up along
along with
with
Bilal, and
Bilal, and when
when you you have
have taught
taught him what you
him what you have seen let
have seen let him
him useuse
it in making
making the call to prayer,
the call prayer, for for he
he has stronger voice
has stronger than you
voice than you
have'.
have'.
So II got
So got up up along
along with
with Bilal
Bilal andand begnn teach it to him,
began to teach him, andand
he used
he used it in making
making the call to grayer..
the call praver.
Umar bin
Umar bin al-Khattab
al-Khattab heardheard this this' when
when he he wu
was in in his
his house,
house, and and
he came
he came outout trailing
trailing hishis cloak
cloak and said, 'Mesenger
and said, 'Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.),
(S.A.W.),
by Him
by Him who
who hashas sent
sent you
you with
with the the truth,
truth, II have seen the
have seen same kind
the same kind
of thin~
oi thing as
as has
has been
been revealed",
revealed'' To
To this
this Allah's
Allah's Messenger
Mesenger (S.A.W.)
(S.A,WJ
replied, 'Praise
'Praise bebe to Allah!"'
Allah!'"
replied,
'
(Darmi,
(Oarmi, Ntmad,
Ahmad, lbn Ibn Maiah,
Majah, lbn,
Ibn, Khuzahah,
KhuzaicDah, Tirmizi)
Tirmizi)
So
So from
from that
that day
day on
0n to
t0 the
the present
present day
day Aian
Aian said to gather
is said
is gather
people for
people the congregational
for the congregational prayer.
prayer.

THEMUAizlN
THE mun2iru
A person
personwho
who calls
callspeople
peopleforfor the
the congregational
congregational prayer
Frayeris is called
called
aa Muaziin
Mua2iin Before
Beforesaying
sayingthe Aian he
the Aian heshould
shouldstand facingKa'bah
standfacing Ka'bah
in
in Makkah.
Makkah.He He should
shouldraise
raisehis
his hands
handsto to his
his ears puttingthe
ean putting the tips
tips
of
of forefingers
forefingers into
into his
his ears
earsand
andcallcall in loud voice.
in aa loud Whenhe
voice.When he says
says
~ayya
'alC ~alah
Havva'al~ Saldhhe he should
shouldturn
turn his faceto
his face to the
the right
rightand whenhe
andwhen he
says ~ayya 'alai
$yi'flayya"aial Fala~
FalElrhe
he should
should turn
turn his
his face
face to
to the
the left.
left.

TEXT
TEXTOF THE AlAN
OFTHE A'NT.I

f.-5{ Ji i -.;3 $et -";3 fti'i'*-::;l,'}A

,,"iifglfif {\tfr::t ',ri,\!r'^ll9e1;41
rt^t\JFui'#&)'rjsAil, jr,IJ#fsJa, St"offi
'rF"i ';*V
b;~\~~
" rji*rt J"i~\J::s..:r
l -e9^1-rr
~-r~\~::# ~~l~~
og{.dt&G lrva$5t'e%
J~~T~;\ ,'i5fu"t
,'r{Si,Aii\
l7 ~ (i,\
j

'o'"i'r9yUfX

23
23
 Allihu Akbar
Allihu Akbar
Allahisisthe
Allah greatest
thegreatest
AllEhu Akbar
AlliJhu Akbar
Allahisisthe
Allah greatest
thegreatest
Allahu Akbar
Allahu Akbar
Allahisisthe
Allah greatest
thegreatest
Allihu Akbar
AlliJhu Akbar
Allahisisthe
Allah greatesr
thegreatest
Ash hadu an
Ash hadu an lalE i!§ha
il6ha iI/allah
illal l1h
II bear
bearwitness
witnesthatthatthp.re
thereisisno
nodeity
deitybut
butAllah.
Allah.
Ash hadu an
Ash hadu an lald ilaha iilat Lah
it1ha illal LEh
II bear
bearwitness
witnesthatthatthere
thereisisno
nodeity
deitybut
butAllah.
Allah.
Ash hadu an~na
Ash hadu an-na Muhammadar rasulul Eh
Muhammadar rasululliJh
bearwitness
I bear witnesthat Muhammad
thatMuhammad (S.A.W.I
(S.A.W.) islsthe
themessenger
messengerof
of Allah.
Allah.
Ash hadu an-na
Ash an-na Muhammadar
Mul"tammadarrasululliJh
rasulul lEh
II bear
bearwitness
witness that
thatMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.) isisthe
tS.A.tiJ.) themessenger of
messengerof Allah.
Allah.
l;Iayya~/a~
Hayyalalag~alah galah
tiometo
(;ome prayer
to prayer
1;Iayya
Hayya'alag sal1h
'ala1 salah
Cometo
Come Prayer.
to Prayer.
/;/ayya
Hayya'alal falah
'alaI falal)
Cometo
Come yourGood
to your Good
I;!ayya
Hayya'alal falah
'alaI falalJ
Come
Cometo yourGood.
to your GodA.
Alldhu Akbar
Allihu Akbar
Allahis
Allah is the greatest
the greatest
Allahu Akbar
Allihu Akbar
Allahis
Allah greatest
the greatest
is the
LlI ildha illal lah
LE iliha Lah
Thereis
There is no
no deity but Allah.
deitybut Allah.
ainru
AZAN FoR
FOR FA"IB
FAJR
An additional phrase
An additional phrase is
is included
included in
in the
the Aian
Aian for
for the
the Fajr
Fajr prayer
prayer
'alal
after
after the
the second ~ayya 'alai Fal6h
second thyya Fal~~

!:'j,lrr'+:+'!it>iat
e+Att;Hr)-iit
A~ ~al5tu Kh-ayrum
~hayrum minan nawm -.
minan nawm prayer
Prayer is
is better
better than
than sleep.
sleep.
4tr+1lfl!
As.~aliJtu prayer
~ ralatu Khayrum minan narvm-
Khayrum minan nawm- Prayer is
is better
better than
than sleep.
sleep.
TISTEIIIilG
LISTENING TO
TO THE
THE A2Ail
A!AN

ll1) when
When the
the beliaren
believers hear
hear the
the Aian
Aian they
they shourd
should risten
listen to
to ir
it in
in

224
4
 silence and
silence and repeat each phrase
repeat each the Aian
phrase of the Aian in silence immedi'
in silence immedi·
ately after
ately after the
the Muaiiin
Muaiiin has
has finished saying the phrase.
finished sayingthe phrase.
2) When
2l When thethe Muaiiin
Muaziin says:- t:tayya 'al4
says:- tlayya 'al~ salEh
~alah and
and Havya'alal-
I:tavya 'alat
fal'ah . the listener
fal-ah:. thQ.ljstener should say
shouldsayin in reply:--
reply:-- Lahawla
Lahawla Wala quw'
Wala quw-
wata Ina Bil-hh.
wata rlla Bil-lah.

d+V,Ei-id;JF!
3) When
3) the Aian
When the Aian has
has been
been completed,
completed, the
the listener
listener and
and the
the
Muaziin
Muaiiin recite Oariid
recite Dariid unto
unto Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.}
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
followed by
follomif by the
the Du
Du'a.
f;.

OARiiD
OARUO AFTER THE AZAN
AFTER THE AiAN

J3 3t h\i3 +fu,J I'gG,;;f.e- ULJljfrti

fu:irb'++P?;i,"f|*1ai,+G14r'g.a't'*ith.l
''i+V,1,# -JI:$ W Jt F i $t!. JL1tV
"*l
dt *4'q# U'L-i;+tJ:. )t &i

"Allah 'ald
"AlEh humma ¥l1·li
Eal-li 'ala
hlE Mul)ammadin
Mufiammadin wawa 'ali ali
1li Muf1am·
Muftam-
'ald
kamE ~/-Iayta
madin kama 'ali Ibraheema
qal-layta'alE lbr1hffima wa
wa 'ala ali
ili Ibraheema
lbrEhema
innaka lJameedum
fiamedum majeed.
maied." "

"Oh
"0h Allah,
Allah, let
let your
your peace
peacecome
comeupon
upon Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
and
the
the family
family of
of Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.}as
(S.A.W-l you have
as you havesent peaceupon
sent peace upon
Ibrahim
lbrahim (A.S.)
tA.S.) and
and his
his family.
family.Truly
Truly you
you are praiseworthy
are praiseworthy and
and
gloriouJ~"
glorioug:"
!!ilEh
~'Allah
'alE Mul}ammadin 'alE ali
humma barik
ffirik 'ala Mul\ammadin wa
wa 'ala 6li Mu/;Jam-
Multam-
madin kama 'ali 'alE
kamd blJtakta
bitakta 'alll Ibraheema
lbrhheema wa
wa 'aliJ ali
Eli Ibraheema
lbrEheema
innaka
innaka I}ameedum
hamedum majeed.
maied." "

"Oh,
"0h, Allah,
Alah,bless
bles Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
andthe
thefamily
familyof
of Mlihammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)asas you
you have
hare blessed
blessed Ibrahim (A.S.)and
lbrahim(A.S.) andhis
hisfamily.
family.Truly
Truly
you
youare
arepraiseworthy
praiseworthyand
andglorious."
glorious."

DU'A
OU'A OFAZAN
OF A2AN

H,':.\L3\3),:il,i-*{6r-tff:tr{+L:7iur:t
 't|*.-*3,\tA'"r;\3'2,i#;\'rlJi?,'ttv'ei3iyi
o'nJJUb$ty
"AllEh humma rabba
"Allah rabba
Hathi hid da~wa
Hazhi da'wa tit tit
tdm mati was
tam wassala
sald
tit Qa
til imati iJii
Oi imati hii
Mufiammada nil
Muhammada ni I waseelata
waseelata
'ath-hu
waf
wal Far;Jeelata wab ~ath-hu
Fa{eelata wab
maqamam mahmhda nil
maqimam mahmuda
lazee wa
taiee wa ad
ad tahu."
tahfi."

"0h Allah!
"Gh Allah!Lord
Lord ofof this
this complete
complete prayerof
prayer of ours.
oun. By By the
the blessing
blesing
of it,
of give Muhammad
it, give Muhammad (S.A.W.)his
(S.A.W.) his eternal
eternalrights
rightsof of intercession,
intercesion,
distinctionand
distinction and highest
highestclass (in paradise).
class(in paradise). And
And raise
raisehim
him tot0 the
the
promised
promised rank youhave
rankyou promised
havepromised him.
him.
Jabir (R.A.)reported
Jabir(R.A.) reported Alla~'s Mesenger
Allah'sMessenger (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) as
assaying,
sayin$"If "lf
anyonesays
anyone sayswhen
whenhe he hears
hearsthe
the Aian , '0 God,
'0 Lord perfect
Aian . God, Lordofof this
thisperfect
call andof
calland of the prayerwhich
the prayer whichisis established
established forall
for all time, grantMuham-
time,grant Muham'
Imad (S.A.W.)
rmad(S.A.W.) the Wasila
the Wasila and
andexcellency,
excellency, and
andraise
raise him
himup
up in praise-
in aa praise-
positionwhich
worthy position
worthy whichyouyou have promised',
havepromised', he will be
he will h assured
asuredof of
my intercession."
my intercession."
(Bukhari)
(Bukhari)

IOAMAT
IQAMAT

lqamatis
Iqamat is the
thesecond
second call
callto prayerand
to prayer andis
isuttered
utteredimmediately
immediately before
before
the beginning
the beginning of the
of the obligatory prayeroffered
obligatoryprayer offeredwith
with congregation.
congregtion.

T E X TOF
TEXT O FIOAMAT
IOAMAT

o'@N 54';i\
i,ltl ly:,iYt'J\'rIal
tCi: \'r;:Ltt Sag
c,,arr
Jt,s r,;*:e,:t& e
cAY.aSt
I.r l*\ii3 i'e!&tl5't3ii
6'-qrt
i. :rlr* y:r{'1.,'i$fi;{\'i3 %i
Allahu Akbar
Akbar
Allah is
Allah the greatest
is the greatest
Allahu Akhar
Akbar
Allah is
Allah the greate$t
is the greatest
26
2 6
 Ashhadu an en ld
Ii il6ha
ilaha illal l6h
il/alliJh
bear witnes
I bear witness that
that there
there is
is no
no deity
deity but
but Alah.
Allah.
Arh hadu
Ash hadu anna anna Mufiammadar
Muhammadar nsfrlul lEh
rasulullah
bear witnes
I bear witness that Mu'hammad (S.A.W.}
that Muhammad (S.A.W.) h
is the messenger of Allah.
the m$sengpr Allah.
'alaq$Blah
/:Ia yya 'alaf ldh
Hayya
Come to
Gome to prayer
prayer
Hayya hlal faldh
/:Iayya 'alaI fa/a/}
Come to
Come to your
your good
good
Qad qmatiS galEh
Dad QiJmatis salah
Jaml'atis rcady
Jaml'atis ready'
Qad qlmatiqsalah
Dad qamatis sal6h
Jam. 'at is
Jamt'at rea~y .
is reaCy
Alldhu
Allihu Akbar
Allah is
Allah is the
the Gnatest
Greatest
All1hu
AI/shu AkbarAkbar
Allah
Allahisisthe greatest
thegreatest
La
LE ilaha illal lEh
ildha illallah
There
Thereisisno nodeity Allah.
but Allah.
deitybut

This
Thistext
text of
of Iqamat
lqamatisis the samec~ that
the same mentioned
that mentioned in the
in hadith
the hadith
of
of Abdullah
Abdullah bin Zaid
bin Zaidbinbin Abd Rabbihi
Abd Rabbihi wttoW~
who the first
wc the. fint to haYe
to have
aa vision
vision about
aboutAzan .
Azan.

.-==========.-

27
27
Chopter 4
Chapter4
CONDUCT
C O N D U C T OF
O t ' SALAT
S A L A T (PRAYER)
(PRAYER)

SUTRA
SUTRA

Beforeaa person
Before personstarts
staru to pray he
t0 pray he should placesomething
shouldplace something8a
distance
shortdistance
short in front
in frontof
of him
him ofof the placewhere
the place wherehe he prostrates (doe
prmtratc(does
Sajdah).
Sajdah). Suc,h
Such an object
an objectisis called SUTRA and is used
calledSUTRAandis usedwhenthe when the pemon
person
prayingalone.
isis praying personpassing
alone.A person pasinginfront
infrontof
of the penonin
the person prayer,
in prayer,
shouldpass
should passon on the
theoutside
outside of
of the
thesutra.
sutra.
lf someol'le
If someone prayingin
isis praying in congregation,
congregation, then
then the
the imam ac8 as
imamacts as
the sutra.
the sutra.The The imam,
imam,however,
however, musthave
must havehis
his own
own individual
individual sutra
sutra
i n f r o nof
infront ot f him.
him.

QIBlAH
0 fE t A H

Wherever
Wherever personisis in
aa pernon in the
the world,
world,he he shoul
should d face
facetowards
towardsthe
the
Ka'bah
Ka whenhe
'bah when goingto
he isis going pray.The
to pray. The Ka'bah
Ka'bah isisin
in the sacred mosque
thesacred mosgue
of Makkahin
of Makkah in Saudi
SaudiArabi. Facing
Arabi.Facing towards
towardsQiblah (Ka'bah)isis aa very
0iblah(Ka'bah) very
importantcondition
important conditionof performance
of performance of prayer.However,
of prayer. However,if the the
personisis in
person placesuch
in aa place suchas asa desert,
desert, jungle,
jungle, unknown
unknownstrange
strange city
city
placewhere
or aa place
or wherehe doesnot
he does knowthe
not know the direction
diiectionof of the
the Qiblah,
Oiblah,he
he
should
shouldtry try his
his best
besttoto find
find out
out the
the direction
direction of
of Qiblah
Oiblahfrom
from others.
othen.
However,
However, if it isis not possible
not possible then
then hehe should
shoulduse his judgment
usehis judgment andand
facein
face in a direction
direction which
whichhe thinksisis that
he thinks that of
of Qiblah
Oiblahand
andAllah
Allahwill
will
accept
accept his prayer.
hisprayer.
ft isis important
It importantto to start the prayer
startthe facingthe
prayer facing the direction
directionof of Qibtah
0iblah
and it does
and doesnotnot matter
matterif his d;rectionchanges
his o;rection changes while
while he is praying
he is praying
e.g.
e.g.in ship,a train
in a ship, trainor anaeroplane
0r an aeroplane etc.
etc.

NaTE: Nowadays,
N0TE: Nowadays, a compass
compasisis available
available which
whichgivesgivesthe
the direction
direction
of
of Qiblah. In strange
0iblah.In strangeplaces
places and
and aeroplanes
aeroplanes it isis a useful
usefulinstrument
instrument
to poses.
to possess.

IINTENTION
ilTEttlT|ON

After
After facinq
fac.ing thethe 0iblah
Qiblah the the person
person shouldshould make make niyatniyat (inten-
(inten-
ttion). T h e i n t e n t
i o n ) ,The intention iiss mi o n a d ew
made i t h i nh
within hisi s mmind,
i n d ,sso0 tthe p e r s osshould
h e person nh o u l d
tthink
h i n ka h ep
b o u tthe
about articula
particular rb l i g a t o r0
obligatory,
o optional
y p, t i o n a lo orr n a f lp
natl r a y eh
prayer r e Iin-
he n-
ten ds t0
tertds to perform.
perform. He He should
should not not utter
utter the the words
words of of niyat
niyat aloud,
aloud,
a h i siiss n
asstthis o ta
not u t h e n t0
authentic. i cr a
or approved
p p r o v eb h eP
bydy tthe r o p h e((S.A.W.L
Prophet tS . A . W . ) .

28
2 8
TAKBIR
TATBIR TAHRIMAH
TAHRIMAH
After
After making
makingnivat
niyatthe penonshould
the person shouldstart his prayer
starthis prayer saying
saying
"AII'Ihu
"AllEhuakbar" (Allahisis the
akbar"(Allah greatest)
thegreatest) raising
raising both
bothof his hands
of his hands to
to
th~
the shoulders,
shouldsrs, with
with fingers
fingers stretching
stretching to
to the
the earlobes.
earlobes. He should
He should
thenfold
then fdd his
hishands
hands over
overhis
hischest
chestright
righthand
handoveroverthe
theleft hand. This
lefthand. This
tim
first"Anihu
"AlliihuAkbar"
Akbar"isis called
calledTakbir
TakbirTahrimah
Tahrimah because
because after
aftersaying
saying
Takbir
TakbirTahrimah
Tahrimah every
everycommon
common and
andworldly
worldlyaction,
action,talk
talk or move-
or move-
mentisisforbidden.
ment Throughout
forbidden.Throughout the prayer
theprayer theeyesof
theeyesof the worshipper
thewonhipper
should
should pointto
point to the
thespot
spotwhere
where the
theforehead
forehead rests
rests in
in Sajdah.
Sajdah.

WHERE
W H E R ESHOULD
S H O U T DTHE
T H E HANDS
H A I { D SBE
B E FOLDED AND
F O T D E DA f { O PLACED
PLACED
AFTER
AFTERSAYING
SAYITGTAKBIR
TAKBIRTAHRIMAH?
TAHRIIIAH?

Some
Somepeople
peopleplace
placetheir
their hands
handsunder
underthe
the navel,
navel,others place
othersplace
them
themuDder
uoderthethe chest
chestbut
but there
thereare
arehadiths
hadithswhich
whichstate
statethat Prophet
that Prophet
Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) used
ued to placehis
to place hishands
handsover
overhishischest.
chest.
a)
al Halb
HalbA!aee (R.A.)reported:
Alaee(R.A.) repofted:"1 "l saw
sawthe
the Prophet
Prophet (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) placing
pfacing
his
hisright
righthand
handover
overhis
hisleft
lefthand
handover
overhis
hischest:' (Ahmadrlirrrnizi).
chesti'(Ahmad"Tirtnizi).
b)
bl Wi'il
Wlll b.b. Hajr (R.A.)said:
Hair(R.A.) said:"I"l prayed
prayedwith
with Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.)and
(S.A.W.) and he put his
he put his right
right hand
handover
overhis his left hand over
left hand overhishis
chest." (lbn Khuzaimah,
cho$t."(Ibn Khuzaimah, Abu
AbuOawtid,
Dawld,Muslim).
Muslim).
There
Therearearesome
someother
othernarrations
narrations which
whichstatestatethat someFuqha
thatsome Fuqha
used
usedto placetheir
to place theirhands
han& under
underthethechest
chestbut
but above
abovethe navel.
the navel.
"Placing
Flacing the
the hands
handsin in either
eitherofof these positions
thesepositions isiscorrect
correctbutbut it is
is better
better
to
to place
placethem
them over
overthe
the chest
chestaccording
according to
t0 the practiceof
the practice of Prophet
Prophet
Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) as
as mentioned
mentioned in
in the
the above
aboveauthentic
authentic hadiths.
hadiths.

RECITATION
R E C I T A T I OBEFORE
BTE{ F O R fATIHAH
F
EA T I H A H

There
There are
are several
severaldu'as
du'ts which
which Prophet Muhammad(S.A.W
ProphetMuhammad {S.A.W,
used to recite
usedto recitebefore Fatihah.
beforeFatihah. Wewill
We will mention
mentiontwo
two of
of them.
them.

'ij tJ;( (;- 3V\& 1# i',#i+r:. iliri,,,

\733U\i" L:41'L#)i o --Ft5 rt4)t
.* jr=:ag46' o#.1r-"+",iit\ 5rll'H
r{cs,V,o iili +L \sf,? ? + 6a
"Alleh humma
"Allah humma ba'id
be'id barnee wa bayna
banee wa bayna khat5yaya KamE
khat|yEya Kama
/ii'adta mashrigiwal
baynal mashriqi
E'adta baynal maghribi, Allah
wal maqhribi, humma naq'
Allih humma naq-
2g
29
qinee
qinee min
min khafiJyaya
kha6yEya kama yunag-qath thawIJul
Ram'a yunaq·qath a,by$!
thawnul abyaqu
minad
minad danasi,
dan*i, Allih
AtEh hum
hum maghsilnee min Khatayaya
maghsilnie min bil
KhatEyEya bil
maee
mEeewath
wath thaJji
thalii wal
wal bardi." (Bukhari and
bardi." (Bukhari Muslim).
and Muslim).

"0
"0 Allah
Allahset
set me
me apart
apartfrom
from my
my sins
sinsas
m East
Eastand
andWest
Westareareapan
apart
fromeach
from other.
eachother.
o0 Allah,
Allah,cleanse
cleanse me
mefrom
from my
my sins
sinsas
asaa white garment
whitegarment isisdeansed
uleansed
from
fromdirt
dirtafter
afterthorough
thorough wCIhing.
washi ng.
o0 Allah,
Allah,wash
unshmemeoff
off from
frommy my sins
sinswith
with water,
water,snow
snowand
andhail."
hail."

penondoes
Iflf aa person doesnotnot know
know the
the duli
du'd just
iust mentioned
mentioned then
then hehe
should
shouldrecite
recitethe
the following
followingone.
one. Umar (R.A.) isis reported
Umar(R.AJ reportedtoto have
hatre
used
usedthisthisdu'i
du'a- after
aftersaying
saying Takbir
TakbirTahrimah.
Tahrimah.
~\ -" ",,, "
3 .i+UtiS'#-..
~~~~~~,
/'/
I ~J\.;Z-'
!,rVj'.t :!J~j~t
)iL|j;,fr)t Zi~ it; rirg,,,..,
\

r,
..":_ \ --.
eaSi;al,i;
~tJ:
c~AJt'J'
.. ,;4'
"Subpana
" SubfrEna Kallah
KaltEh humma wabi f)amdika watabhra
fiamdika wataliiJra
kasmuka
kasmuka wata 'ala
wata'ald jad-duka
iad-duka wallJ
wali ildha
illJha ghamtk.
gh;wruk.
"Gfory be
"Glory be to you, 0 Allah,
to you, Allah,and
and alt
all praises
praisssare
aro due uflto you·,
due unto yoor
andblessed
and blessed your name
isis your nameandandhigh
highis yourmajesty
is your maie$yandandnone
noneis iswon'v
rwnlry
of
of worship
wonhipbut youJ'
but you:'
personcan
A persol'1 can read
readboth
both du'ls,
du 6s,together
togetheroror just oneof them
just one tftemor or
py of the
any the other
otherdu'as
du'6swhich
which are
areapproved
approvedby by Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.),andrthere
(S.A.W.),and,there are
areabout
about7. 7. These
Thesedu'as
du'& tan
canbe
befound
fbundinin different
differertt
places
places of several
sevenl Books
Booksof Hadith,
Hadith,e.g.
e.g.Muslim,
Mulim, Tirmizi,
Tirmizi, Musnad-.
Musnad.r
!I.* Ahmad,Abu.
Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawiid,
Dawid, Dar-qutni, Nisai, Ibn
Dar-qulni,Nisai, lbn Majah,
Majah,Ibn
lbn Hibban,
llibban,
MuattaImam
Muana lmamMalik).
Malik). •
All
All of the
the 7 du'asdu'f,scan be read
can be read together before rettting
tqether before recitfutg surah
surah
Fatihah.
Fatihah.
This
This recitation
recitation is is called
called Du'#ul-lstiftah
Dua:ul-Istiftah which
which means
means DuEDu'i of
starting. 0ui-ul
starting. lstiftahshould
Du/a-ullstif tah should only
only bebe recited
retited inin the
the first
first rakat.
rakat.

TA,A}WYUi
TA'Awwui

Then the person

Then the person who is praying
who is praying should
should say:-
say;·

(~\~8,~k\/'~~f
t;,:;rrp,i*lr
,,; - _" 4;'(;*i
",.. ,.,; v

A 'uiu biLEhi
" A'uiu bi/./ahi minah Shayta nir-raipm."
minash Shaygd nir-rai-eem. "
"1 seek
"l seek Allaht
Allah's protection
protection from
from satan who is
satan who is accursed."
accursed."
This should
This should only
only be
be said
said in
in the first rakat.
the first rakat.

TASMIA}I
TASMIAM

Then the penon

Then the person who is praytng
who is praying should
should say:
say:
330
0
 , .,...:?~,.
_
_
o+ij}$rj1
:.)~
~
L.~ ::J,PF,
I .....
~~-
A~.'
-...'
....
' A-~
~J.-

il lEh hi
"Bismfllah
"Bism hir-rabma ir-rahnm. ""
r'nhmd nnir-raheem.
"ln
"In the
the name
name ofof Allah,
Allah, the most kind
the mmt and the
kind and most mercifuli'
the most merciful:'
should be
This should
This said in
be said FNery rakat
in wery before reciting
rakat before surah Fatihah.
reciting rurah Fatihah.

SURAH FATIHAH
SURAH FATIHAH

praying
Thenthepercon iurahFatihah.
recite
should

;Du i:-*il 6 ;# 6 rP.i ;u

Id4l
5+:^J6'.'i;{" !Vyi'*4i AVL3"t-it
i;rV ;
l] e .=1e
i#i( g rt,ur= e*idrig;;ott
- *t"l' S dJ,b\tiirydJb-';ih"F
"Alltamdu
"A/hamdu |li/-/ahi rab-bill'6lameen.
il-Ehi rab-hi 'a/ameen.
Ar rafrma-
Ar rahma nir-ralrem.
nir-raheem.
Mefiki yawmid :- den.
Mali ki yawmid deen.
Iyyaka
lyydka na'budu
na'budu wa
iyyaka nasta'een.
nasta'een.
Ihdlna~
Ihdl nagsiratal
sirital mustaqeem.
mustagmm.
Sira(al Lazeena
Laieena an 'alayhim.
'amta 'alayhim.
an'amta
$iragal
Ghayril magh{1ubi
Ghayril maghQubi _
-
'alayhim
hlaVhim walap
walay'gal-Ieen.
ddl-leen.Ameen.
A,mffin.""
"Praise
"Praise isis only
unlyfor
for Allah,
Allah,Lord
Lord
of
of the
the Universe.
Univene.
The
Themost
mostkind,
kind,the
themost
mostmerciful.
merciful.
The
Themaster
master of
of the
theDay
Dayofof Judgment.
Judgment.
You
Youalone
alone we
weworship
worship and
andto youalone
to you alone
we
un pray
prayforfor help.
help.
Show
Showus usthethestraight
straight way,
way,
the
theway
wayof of those
thosewhom
whomyou youhave
haveblessed.
blessed.
Who
Whohave
havenot notdeserved
deserved youranger,
your anger,
Nor
Norgone
goneastray:'
astray."
Reciting
Reciting Fatihah
Fatihah isisso
soimportant
important that Prophet
thatProphet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.AW.)
(S.A.W.)
said
said that
thit no prayerwas
no prayer acceptable
wG acceptable wiqhoutthe
wi1thout recitationof
the recitation of
Fatihah.
Fatihah.
a) Ubadah
a) Ubadahbin bin Samit (R.A) reported
Samit(R.A.) reportedAllah's Messenger
All:th'sMessenger (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
as 'There no prayer prayeracceptable
acceptable with_out reciting
assaying:
saying:"There isis no without reciting Surah
$ol,
Fatihah."
Fatihah.;' (Bukhari
{BukhariMuslim,
Muslim,Ahmad,
Ahmad,Abu Dalfrd,Tirmizi,
Abu Oawud, Nhai,
Tirmizi,Nisai,
Ibn
l b nMajah).
Maiah).
b)
b) Abu
AbuHurairah
Hurairah (n.A.)reported
(R.A.) reportedthatthe Messenger
thattheMessenger ofAllah
of (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.)
was saying
wassaying that
that anyone
anyone who
who prayed
prayed any
any kind
kind of
of prayer
prayer and did
anddid

31
31
 not read
not nad inin that,Ummul Ouranpndinin one
thatrUmmul(luranl.and oneversion
versionFatihah·tul·
Fatihah.tul.
Kitsbhis
Kitab prayrrwill
hirprayer willbebodeficient,
deficient, will
willbe
bedeficient,
deficienr,will
willbe
bedeficient,
deficient,
andnot
and notcomplete.
complete. (Bukhrri,Muslim
(Bukhari, MrrlimAhmad).
Ahmad).
Abu Hurairah
c)cl Abu (R.A.l reported
Hurrirah(R.A.) reportedAllah's
Allah'sMessenger
Messenger (S.AW.}as
(S.A.W.) as
rrying: "No
saying: praysrwill
"[Io prayer benefitaa pe~an
wifl benefit person who
who did
did not
not read
readinin
ftrt .nlh
that Fatihah."(Ibn
rurdr Fatihah." (lhn Khuzaimah.
Khuzaimah, Ibn
lbn Hibban.
Hibban.Ahmad).
Ahmad).
In the
In the Ii-.t
ligrt of
of the
the above
abovehadiths
hadiths we
we understand
undentand that
thatSurah
surah
Fatihdrmust
Fatihah murtbeberecited
rscitedor readin
or read in every
everyrakat
rakatof
ofany
anytype
typeof of prayer.
prayer.
BECITATIOil
RECITATION OF
OFSURAH
SURAHfATIHAH
FATIHAHBEHIND AN
Af{ IMAM.
BEHIITID IMAM.
$ome.people
Some pgopl.o gE.ysly
are confused
very confused whet~er
whetherthey theyshould
shouldor or should
should
not rsad
not l'Iad Surah surah Fatihah
Fatiharrwhile
whireprayingprayingin in congregation.
congiegrion.But Bui there
ih;;;
drouldnot
should not beb0anyany confusion
confusionin in'thii
this matter
niatter-i as ir,Jiorro",ing
the following hadith tilli;
vry clearty
very clmdy.answers
ansnrers question.
theQuestion.
the
8) Ubadah bin ~amit
al Ubadah bin (R.A.) said: '1Ale
$amit.(R.A.) said:'We were werebehind behindthe the Prophet
Prophet
(s.A.w.)in
(S.A.W.) in the
the Fajr praver,and
Fairprayer, and hehe recited
recitedaa passage
passage from
from'thethe
Ouran,but
auran, but thethe recitation
recitation became
became difficult
difficurtfor him. Then when
for'him.'Then when
he finished
finishedhe hc said,
said,'Do 'Do you
he you recite
recitebehind behindyour your Imam?' lmam?'we We
replie.{,.'yE,
replied, 'yes, ^tlgfenggl
Messenger of of Allah (S.A.W.)'.Then
Attah(S.A.W.)'. Th'en the
the Messenger
Messenger
of Allah (S.A.W.)said:
Allah (S.A.W.) said: 'Do'Do
of not
not recite
reciteanything
anything(behind (behindthe t-he
lmam) except
Imam) Fatihah-tul-Kitab
except Fatihah-tul·Kitab (surah Fatihah)
(Surah raiitratrjbecause because he
he
who does
who doesnot not include
includeit in in his
his recitation
recitation in
in prayer
prayerhis his prayer
prayer
isisnot
notvalid.'
valid.'" (Abu(AbuDawiid.
DawEd, Tirmizi).
Tirmizi).
bl Abu
b) Abu Hurairah
Hurairah (R.A.)reported
(R.A.) reported that
thst the
the Messenger
Mesenger of Allah
Allah
(s.A.w.)said:
(S.A.W.) said:"If"lf anyone
anyoneobserves
obsewes prayer(~alat)
prayer (salatlin in which
whichhe hedoes
does
not read
not read Ummul
ummul Quran 0ur5n (Fatihah),
{FatihahLit it isis deficient,
deiicient, it isis deficient,
deficient,
it is deficient,
is deficient, andnot
and not complete."
complete." It was
lt was saidsaidtoto Abu
Abu Hurairahi
Hurairah:
'What
'What shouldshouldwe we do do when
when we we are behind an
arebehind Imam?" He, (Abu
an lmam?,,He, (Abu
H u r a i r a h((R.A.)
Hurairah) lR . A . )rreplied,
e p l i e d ,""Read
R e a diitt iinn ssilence.......
i r e n c e . .". .((Muslim).
.M..u
" slim).
A MEEIU:
AMEEN:
It is sunnah io
is sunnah say Ameen
to *y Ameen when when a personperson finishes-recitation
finishes_recitation
Surah Fatihah.
of Surah Fatihah. lfIf he is praying
he is praying alone
alone he he should
should say say "Ameen"
"Ameen" in in
silence and
silence and if hg is praying
h~ is praying withwith congregation
congregation behind behind an an lmamImam then then
he
he should
should say say Ameen
Ameen fairly
fairly loudly
loudly when
when the the lmamImam finishes
finishes saying saying
the
the last
last verse
verse of Surah Surah Fatihah.
Fatihah. whenWhen saying
saying Emeen
Ameen the the voice voice oTof
the wtrole
the whole congregation
congregation shouldshould resound
resound at at the
the same
same timu.
timlt
There
There are are many
many hadiths which prove
hadiths which prove that
that saying
saying Ameen
Ameen aroud aloud
is
is Sunnah
Sunnah of of thethe Holy Prophet (S.A.w.)
Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) and and itit was
was iheiegular
the regular practice practice
of
of the
the companions.
companions. we We will
will mention
mention a few few of these these hadiths
hadiths here. here.
a) Naeem
a) Naeem al al Mujammar
Mujammar said:said: "l "I prayed
prayed behind
behind Abu Hurairah (n.A.)
Abu Hurairah (R.A.)
He
He recited
recited Bismilfdh
Bismillah hir-ra[ma
hir-rahma nir-raheem,
nir-raheem, then then he hE recited
recited surah surah
Fatihahrand
Fatihah, and when when he he reached
reached waladwala·p {alleen,
c)a.!.:lee-n, he
he saidrAmeen
said, Ameen
aafter
f t e riitt aand h e ppeople
n dtthe e o p l ebbehind
e h i n dhhim
i m ssaid
a i dAAmeen n . . .", .((Bukhari).
m e e...... .d"u k h a r i ) .
b)
b) AbuAbu Hurairah
Hurairah {R.A.)(R.A.) reported
reported that that the
the Messenger
Messenger ol of Allah
Allah
(s.A.w.)
(S.A.W.) said: said: 'when
'When the the lmam
Imam says Ghayril MaghQubi 'arayhim
says GhayriiMaghd0bi 'alayhim
332
2
 ~al-Ieen} all of
wala{dal-leenrall
walaQ.. of you shouldsa~,
youshould say,Ameen,
Ameen, becuase
becuase the
theAngels
Angels
gty Ameen
~y Ameenand and the f mamsays
the Imam saysAmeen.
Ameen.And And whosoever
whosoever says
says
Ameenand
Ameen and hishis voice
voiceblends
blendswithwith that
that of
of the
the angels
angels he
he would
would
be forgiven
beforgiven his
hissins." (Ahmad,
sins."(Ahmad, Abu
AbuDawud,
Dawld,Nisai).
Nisail.
c)
c) Aisha (R.A.) reported
Aisha(R.A.) reportedthat that thethe Messenger
Mesenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah (S.A.W.)
said: "Jewsare
said:"Jews aremorer'noreenvious
envious of
of Muslims
Muslims in
in two thinp ~)
two things la) our
our
greeting
greeting someone
someone with
with Assalamu 'alaykum
'alaykum and
and(b)(b) saying
sayingAmeen
Ameen
Assalamu
( a l o u dbehind
(aloud) b) e h i n the
t h eImam:'
d ( A h m a dIbn
l m a m i '(Ahmad, , nMajah).
lb Majah).
d)
dl Ata
Atasaid:
said:"I "l found
found200 200of of the
thecompanions
companions praying
praying in
in the
themosque
mosque
of
of the Prophet
theProphet (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
andwhen
whenthe the Imam_said
lmam_said wala~
walad~al·leen,
dal-!een,
I heard
heard theecho
the echoof of their
theirvoices
voices resound
resound with
withAmeen".
Ameen".

B E C I T A T I OAFTER
RECITATION ANF T E R
SURAH
SURAH FATIHAH
FATIHAH

ItIt isis sunnah personwho

for aa person
sunnahfor praying
who isis praying that
that hehe should
shouldread
read
aa surah
surahfrom from Quran
0ur5nafter Fatihah
afterFatihah in
in the
thefirst
firsttwo
two rakats
rakatsofof the
thefard
fard
prayer.
prayer. He
Her.an reciteone
canrer.ite oneor
or more
m0resurahs.
surahs. Hereare
Here areaa few
fewshort
shortSurahs
Surahs
whichyou
whic.h youcan recite.
canrecite.

a) Surah
a) SurahIkhlas
lkhlar

#)'.FJt$g--a
t An63'd3
d;!'*Fa"";Zt I'4:,i5
itX'rt-
8'rratfj-rL,jiq;s3
"Oul huwal tahu
NQul ldhu ahad.
ahad.
Allah hus-samad.
huq-qamad. .
yalid walam
Lam va/iff yhlad.
walam yu/ad.
Wa/am yakul-lahl Kufuwan a,!ad.
Walam yaku/-/ahu ahad.""
"Say:He
"Say: Heis Allah,the
is Allah, theonly
onlyone.one.
Allah
Allahhelps
helpsand anddoes
doesnotnot need
needhelp. help.
He
H edoes n o tp
d o e snot r o d u caechild,
produce c h i l dand He
a, n dHe
Was
Wasnot
not bornborn of anyone.
of anyone.
There
T h e r eis
i s no
n o one
o n eequal
e q u ato Him."
tlo Him."

b) Surah
b) Falaq.
SurahFalaQ.

c#itt*;S;IF9'.:"',
7 A)6'5';u:+31 d Ft P.k'5.iri Jrb
L*ii ih.lJ'J ;-G u3 F i5 d Astil v4v
h'-,gti:*'<ii-'
3
333
 Qui AlAIubi
ilul Au}ubi rab-bil
rab-bil falaq.
fs/aq.
Min shar-rimd
Min KhaJaq.
shar-rima Khalag.
Wa min
Vrlamin shar-ri gh*iqin iia
shar-ri ghisiqin iia waqab.
waqab.
Wa min
Wa min shar-rin
shar-rin naf-fdthdti
nat-famati filfil 'uqad.
#uqad.
Wa min
Wa min shar-ri
shar-ri hxidin
hasidin lia
/za Hasao
Hasaa
HSay: II seek
"Say: seek refuge
refuge in the
the Lord
Lord of the
the dawn,
dawn,
from the
from the wil
evil of all that He
all that He has
has ereated,
treated,
and from
and from the
the evil the darkness
evil of the night when
darkness of night when it falls,
falls,
and
and from
from the those (charmers)
evil of those
the wil (charmers) who
who blow into knots.
blow into knots.
And from
And from the
the evil
evil of the
the envier
envier when
when he
he envies."
envies."

c) Surrh
cl Surlh ilar.
Nls.

oA-{;tfY 3}orr+'
'r)3
d -rfu rd) d .4Lr\*\F d *t.' :?'?,'5i;\
I ,t:,, 2et)'- t t,!t .t( t ,(t. lry r-:t(r'/tt ^
or.;'uli2t.v4 uiy- Gr^ll o --yt-=l Lvr"$V4
t qEJr;'93At(a
Qui A'uzubi
Ail A'uiuhi rab-bin
rab-bin nas.
n&.
Malikifl
Malikin nis.
n*. IIi
lld hin-nas.
hin-n*.
shar-ril waswa
Min shar-ril waswdsil sil khan-nas.
khan-n-a-
AI/ari
Attaii yuwaswisu
'niA Yuwaswisufx gudE rin-nas.
fee fudu rin+,fu-
Minai iii'nati
jin-nati wan-nas.
wan+t*.'
'Say:I seek
''Say: seekrefuge
re{uge in
in the gustainer
thesustainer of mankind.
of mankind.
the
theOwner
Owner of
of Mankind,
Mankind, Lord
Lordof Mankind.
of Mankind.
From
Fromthe
theevil
wil of
of the
thesneaking
sneaking whisperer.
whisperer.
Who
Whowhispers
wtrispen in
in the
thehearts
hearBof mankind.
of mankind.
(Whether
(Whether he be)from
hebe) fromamong
among jinns
iinnsor mankind."
or mankind."

B U K U-_ BOWING
RUKU BOWITIG

Then
Then thethe person prayingshould
personpraying shouldsay "Alldhu Akbar"
saY"Allahu raising
Akbar" raising
both his hands
both his hands to
to shoulder
shoulder level
level with
with the
the palms
palms facing
facing outwar~
outward
and
andfingers
fingers stretching
stretching to
to eartobes.
eadobes. Heshould
He shouldthen bendin
thenbend rukuso
in ruku so
that
that his
his trunk (i.e.from
trunk (i.e. from head
headto to hips) perpendicular
hif) isis perpendicular to the
to rest
the rest
of
of the
the body.
body.His Hishands
handsshould
shouldrestreston
on his knees
his knees with the
with finpn
the fingers
spread
spnadapart,
apart,taking
takingcare
carethat
that his armsdo
hisarms do not
not touch hisbody.
touchhis body.TheThe
person
psron should
slrouldbeh calm
calmandandcomposed
composed in the ruku
in the posture
rukuposture andnot
and not
hurry
hurry itit Then
Thenhe heshould read:'tubhana
shouldread :"Subhana rab-bi yal azeem"
rab-biyal azeem"at lmst
at least
three
$rsetimes.
times. .

o~
o-p*---$li \A;g[fi*-j* I rr

34
34
 This
This means:
means: 's
"Glory be
"Glory my Lord
be to my lord who very grmtmt:'
the very
who is the greatest~'
He can
He read it (3,
tan read 5, 7,
(3, 5, 9, 1l
7, 9, ett.) times.
11 etc.) times.
There are
There some other
are sgme du'ls which
other du'& can be
which Gan read with
be road with subfEna
subbina
rab·bi yal
rab.bi a~eem or
yal a3eem sub~ina rabbi
instead of subfrina
or imtead yalll~m.
rab-bi yal TWD of thsm
r;rm. Two them
are mentioned below:-
are mentioned below:-

Other Du'is
0ther Du'as inin Ruku:
Ruku:
Aisha (R.A.)
Aisha (R.A.) reportod
reported that
that the Allah (S.AW-)
of Allah
messenger of
the melsengpr (S.A.W.)
mostly read the follo~ng
mmtlyreadthefollonring du'i in hisrukuandnidah.
du'a in his ruku and sajdah.
-41
(tf4tj~)oj~~4JJ'2J~;8,-'J~'~~
rtt i, "J?+ifrh\ l,f*n;r
.. ,/.; "" . t; a vl tl.L.l t,r
.",
\")
"Subl)ana Kalla humma
"Sublpflna Kalld humma rab-banE
rab-bana wabifuamdika
wabi(1amdika
AlEh maghfirlee. " (0ukhari,
AllAh hum maghfirln." fBukhari, Musliml.
Muslim);
means:
This means:
This
"Glory
"Glorybebe to you,
you, oh
oh our
our Lord,
lord, and aU praise
and all praise
be you. 0
be to you. h Allah,
0h Allah,forgive
forgiveme:'
mei'

Ali
Ali (R.A.)
(R.A.) reported
reportedthat
that the
the Messenger
Messenger Aflah used
of Allah read
usedto read
the fonowing
thefollowing Du'a
Du'a in
in Rttku:
Ruku:

$Q,l i :-)j5 3;J, f .b?5&;3s +a Ld"Nv,

V h.,za-; *Lz;',#s e',gs 6F;=--e-f
-,ziJLli
r.tirt1,,{*r ro r_;j hr!,xL o;,-ii{U, I
"AlEh humma laka
"Allah laka Raka'tu
Raka'tu,
wabika
ffiika amantu,
Ennntu, ,
walaka
vnlaka aslamtu,
alunru,
~ta rab-bTkhashi'a
trta rab-bT Rhahi'a sam'ee
sam'ee
Wab~ wa wa mukh-khee
mukh-kt E wa 'azme
'qafu wa 'azmee
wa ~abee wa
wa vn masta
mista qal
gal - lat
tat .
bihe qada
bihee qada may-va
mav-ya lil-Iahi.
lil-Ehi.
rab-bil
rabSil 'alameen."
Elameen!'
(Ahmad, Muslim,
Mtslim, Abu
Abu Dawiid
Dawfid etc.)
etc.)
"0h! my
"Ohl Lord,I bowed
my Lord, borwdto to you and I believed
you and believed in you and
in you andIlrub
sub-
mitted
mitud tot0 you.
you. You
You are'
are my
my lord.
Lord.MyMy ear,
mr, my
my sight,
sight mymy brain,
brrin, my
my
bones,
bones,mymy ten dons and
tendom andwhatever
whateverhashr been
beencarried
carriedby my feet
by my fnt isb sub-
rub'
mitted
mittedfor
for the
the lord
Lordof
of the
theworlds:'
worl&l'
There
Thereareareother
otherdu'as
du'& which
whichProphet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammed (S.AW.}.-.d
(S.A.W.) rnd inin
Ruku
Rukuandandthey
theycan
canbe
befound
furnd in
in other
otherBooks
Booksofof Hadith.
Hadith.
Perfection
Perfection of
ol Ruku
Rukuand
andSaidah.
Saidah.
Abi
Abi Masud
Mrud a' al Badri (R.A) reported
Badri(R.A.) rrportedthlt the Messenger
ilrrt the of Allah
Meseqrrr of Al*t
(S.A.W.)
{S.AW.} said:
said:
35
35
 "Allahdoes
"Allah doesnot not consIder
conslder the prayerofof aa man
theprayer manwhowhodoesdoesnot
not
straighten
straighten hisback
his backwhen whenbowing
bowing forRuku
for Rukuand andperforming
performing Sajdah:'
Saidahj'
( l b nKhuzaimah,
(Ibn K h u z a i m aIbn
lhb,nHibban,
H i b b a Tabrani).
nT, a b r a n i ) .
Abi Gatadah
Abi 0atEdah(R.A.) (R.A.l reported
reportedthat that the
the Messenger
Messenger ofof Allah
Allah
(S.AW.)
(S.A.WJ said:
said:
'The n0rst
''The WOBt thief thiefisisone whosteals
onewho steals ininhis
hisprayer."
prayer.,'
Thenthe
Then thecompanions
companions asked,
asked, "H0wcan
"How cansomeone
someone steal
stear from
fromhis
his
prayer?"
prayer?"
Prophet
Prophet (S.A.W.
(S.A.W.) ansnered.
)ansmred,
"He
"He doesdoesnOlcomplete
nncomplete hisRUKU
his Ruxuand andSajdah
sajdah with
withperfection."
perfection." Or
al
hesaid,
he said,
"He does
"He doesnot not make makehis his balk
backstraight
srraight inin Ruku
RukuandandSajdah."
Sajdah.,'
( A h m a dTabrani,
(Ahmad, T, a b r a nIbn
lib, nKhuzaimah,
K h u z a i m aHakim).
Hh a, k i m ) .
Thesehadiths
These hadithsprove provethat Rukuand
that RlJku and Sa;dah
saidahshould
shouldbe be done
done
cafmfy, slowly and
calmly, slowty and perfer.tly, perfectly, otherwIse
otherwrse sa/at
salatof of the
the person
penonwillwill be
be
deficient.
deficient.
QAWMAH (ASHT A i l O I t { AFTER
O A U W I , I(STANDING G
A F T E RRUKU)
BUKU}
After the
After perfectRuku
the perfect Ruku the personpraying
the person prayingshould
shouldraise
raisehis
his
headfrom
head from Ruku
Rukusaying:-
saying:-

6;FdiJ"ol,'*'-
"Sami'allAh
"Sami hllehhu hu liman
liman~amida:'
hamidai,
"verily.Allah
"Verily Allahlistens
listens who praises
t0 onewho
toone praises him."
him."and
and* * raise
raise~is
hishands
han&
up to
up to the
the level
level ofof his
his shoulders with palms
shaul deB with palms facing
facing outwards
outwards and and
ffingeB
ingenstretched
stretched to to the
the earlobes
earlobes and
and then
then he
he should
should lower
lower his
his hands
hands
to his
his sides.
sides. InIn the standing position
the standing position he
he should
should bebe erect
erect so
so that
that the
the
joints
joints of his body go
his body go hack in place.
hack in place. while
While inin this
this position
position hehe should
should
recite
recite one
one 0ror all
all of thethe following
following du'is
du'as iN
as many
many times
times asas he
he likes.
likes.
*some peopteget
*Some people get very very annoyed
annoyed when
when theythey see
see someone
someone raising
raising
his
his hands while going
hands while going inro
into Ruku
Ruku andand again
again raising
raising his
his hands
hands whili
while
lifting
lifting his
his head
head from
from huku.
kuku.
There
There are,
are, however,
however, authentic
authentic hadiths
hadiths which
which prove
prove that
that rrrophet
?rophet
Muhammad (s-A.w.)
Muhammad (S.A.W.) usedused t0 to raise
raise his
his hands
hands ai at the
the beginning
beginning of of
prayer,
prayer, before
before andand after
after Ruku
Ruku andand when
when standing
standing up up foithe
for the ihird
third
rakat. Every llngfq
rakat. ^Fuglv single Book
Book of of Hadith
Hadith like
like Bukhari,
Bukhari, filuslim, Mual~a
Muslim, Muatti
lmam
Imam Malik,
Malik, Abu_Dawr.rd,
Abu Dawud, Tirmizi,
Tirmizi, Nisai,
Nisai, rbn
Ibn Majah,
Majah, lbn
Ibn Khuzaimah,
Khuzaimah,
Hakim,
Hakim, Ahmad,
Ahmad, Shafaee,
Shafaee, Tabrani,
Tabrani, Baitraql
Baihaqi etc.
etc. etr.
etc. mentions
mentions these
these
hadiths.
hadiths. Nearly
Nearly four
four hundred
hundred companions
comDanions also also narrate
narrate this
this practice
practice
of Prophet
of Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad {s.A.w.}.s0,
(S.A.W.). So, there
there is;s not
not the
the slightesi
slightest doubt
doubt
that the
that the raising
raising ofof hands
hands isis sunnat
sunnat and
and aa person
person whowho fractises
practises this
this
sunnat gets
sunnat gets aa greater
greater reward
reward than the person
than the person who
who does
does notnot practise
practise
it.
it. However,
However, eveneven though
though the the action
action is is mentioned
mentioned in in the
the hadiths,
hadiths,
all
all the
the ulamas
ulamas agree
agree that the prayer
that the prayer ofof aa penon
person whowho does
does not
not raise
raise r ,continued
C O n tt n u e d
oonn ppage
a g e 37)
37)
336
6
 DU'AS tltlQAWMAH
ou'AsIN oAwtttAH
a)
a) "Rab-bana
"Rab'baha lakal~amd:'
lakal hamdl' 6'i;;+,'tsu*.5
"Gh,
"0h, our
0ur Lord,
Lord,allallthe praises
the praises be
beto youl'
to you;'
b)
b) "Rab-bana
"Rab'bani lakal
lakal hamd,hamdan
llamd,l;ramdan
Katheeran
Katheeran ~ayviban
tayyibanniubaraka.n
mubarakan feei'
fee:'
,If' ,. "- .I ., ", ,~ ~

~;~~,~,~~\~~-,
o 9Q:1ts&^Wfi#r'-t^3
O~~'
»
..
• ii.;Jltt 6
"Gh our Lord,
"0h OlJ( Lord,all
all praises
Praises be to you,
beto You,
Very many,
Verymany, pure
pure and
and blessed
blesed praises
praises beto
be y9u.''
to you."
t) Abi Sa'eed
Ali'S.'r*o'ifal (rtuuitt
Khudree (R.A.)
in.n.t says
says that
that when
when the mesenger
the messenger of
of
cl
Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.) used
ued toto say:-
say:-
"Sami 'all5hhu
"Sami'allah hu liman
limanhamida"
hamida"he hewould
wouldfollow
f ollowit with:-
with:-

* S;*,"i+i =.5U-;.rr1Y^,i;.3tq ui: #ti

J6\rg (,;.ZV i|*t Jii-i-ii hiJ;aJ-n4u
| ; ii,L-{t W €;9 }^i -'"rJiU urt;',.glj r
t- glrt!tt
- .^--.J
\'& #\
t),.i,2 - I
\ i Li; fi JiJ W'J,a)
a,r,4 -

1ird1,.drrr)

"Alldh humma rab-bana

"Allah llamdu mil
rab-bani lakal l;1amdu mil as
as
samawati
smEwEti wa wa mil
mil al ardi
arQi wa
wa mil
mil ama
shi'ta
shi'ta min shayin ba'du:ah
ba'du: ah lath
thanaee
than1e wal majdiahaq-qu
maidiahag-gu ma qdlal
mE qalal
'abdu Wa
'abdu /abd, Allah
WaKullu-na
Kullu-naLaka
Laka'abd, AlEh humma
lE mani'a
16 limi a'tayta
m1ni'a lima a'tpyta wala
wal6 mu'tya
mu'Sya lima
lima
mana'ta wala yanfa'u tal
wala yanfa'u jad-di minkal
Zal iad-di jad:'
minkal iad!'
(Muslim, Ahmad,
Ahmad, AbuAbu Dawud)
Daw0d)
"0h Allah,
"Gh Allah,our
our Lord,
Lord, all praisesbe
all praises be to
to you,
you, as
as much
muchasasthey
they tan
tan
fill
fill the
the heavens
heavens and
and the
the earth
earthand
andeverything
everything which
whichyouyou want
want to
to be
be
filled
filled after
afterthat.
that. You
You deserve
deserve to be praised
be praised and glorified. You
andglorified. You deserve
deserve
more
morethanthan what your servant
what your servanthas
hassaid
saidand
and all
all of us
us are
areyour
your slaves.
slavc.
Nobody
Nobodycan prwentwhatever
canprevent whateveryouyou want
want to
to give
giveand
and nobody
nobodycan give
canRive
whatever
whateveryou you want
umntto preventand
t0 prevent penonwith
and a person with high
high rank
rankcannot
cannot
benefit
benefithimself
himselfor or another
anotherfrom
from hishis high
high rank
rank against your will."
aginst your will."

his
his hands
handsisis acceptable.
acceptable. Therefore)
Therefore,Muslims
Muslimsshould
shouldnot not fight
fight over
over
this
this issue.
issue.If
lf someone
someonedoesdoesnot
not wish
wish to
to raise
raisehis
his hands
handshe
he should
should
(continuati_o4.
(continuation discourage
not discourage
not others
othersfrom
from doing
doingso
so because
because it isis not
not a major
majorcon-
con-
from p4e36)
frompage 36)trovertia'
$sysrtialpoint.
point.

37
37
 There
Thereare
are some
someother
other du'as
du'is which
which can
can be readin
be read in the 0awmah
the Qawmah
position and these can
potitionandthececanbe be found
found in
in other
other Books
Books of Hadith.
Hadith.

FIRST
FIRST SAJDAH
SAJDAH (PROSTBATIOTI.
(PROSTRATION).

After the
After the perfect qawmahthe
perfectqawmah personpraying
the person prayingshould
shouldmove
mwe
to perform
to perform sajdah saying:'
nidahsaying:-
"AllihuAkbar,"
"Allihu Akbar,"putting palms
puttingpalms downwards
downwards on the
on ground
theground below
below
the ears.
the ean.The kneesshould
The knees shouldbebe brought
broughtdownwards
downrvards on
on the ground.
the ground.
His fingers
His fingenand
and toes
toesshould
shouldbe pointingtowards
be pointing torvards Qiblah
0iblahwithout
without
spreading
spreadinp the fingersof
the fingers han&.During
the hands.
of the prostration
Duringprostration seven parts
sevenparts
of the
of thebody should
bodyshould touchthe
touch ground:
theground:
(i)
(j) the
theforehead
foreheadalong
alongwith
with the
thetip
tip of
0f the
the nose.
nose.
(iil
(ii) both
bothhands
hands
(iiil
(iii) both
bothknees
knees
(ivl
(iv) the
the bottom
bottomsurface
surfaceof the
the toes
toesof both
bothfeet.
feet.

In
In this position
thisposition he
heshould
shouldsay:-
say:-
\\. ;:.- l, -;'i ,,/,.......
~ ~
.}t?tOi6t+p,,,
~-~
, .I
., ~~ '\J
'-='.-J
"Subl)ana
"Subl76na Rabbi yal a'la" a'16"
He
He should
shouldsay
say this
this at
at least
least3 times
timesor
0r 5,
5, 7,
7, 9,
9, 11 etc.times.
I I etc. tirnes.
"Oh
"0h Allah,
Allah,glory
glorybe
beto
to you,
you,the
themost
mosthigh."
high."
There
Thereareare some
$omeother
other du'is
du'ft which
which can
can be
be read
readin the sajdah
in the sajdah
position.
position.

OTHER
OTHEBDU'AS
DU'ASIN
III SAJDAH
SAJDAH

i)i) Ali (R.A.)said

Ali (R.A.) saidthat
that the
the Messenger
Mesenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)used
Allah(S.A.W-l usedto say
say
while
whiledoing
doingsajdah:-
saidah:-
, / -"" -' ~ /~/"''/" / 1 ..... /-' ' ...... ..... -g.ilt,
;,/ :./
irl,i:It\;i :>t-ii +5 LirA-![.. "'~~\cr,
3-;J ~\~--,~l~.-'~I~
~~-
, t... z t t / r ( "r '
t . z ) /,/, ,- -- / "
L- - /
. ." / 1 7;
/"i -.
: , . ( . .1.i.-. .
, """, ,. r . , i , . - -rfi_l, /
, ". ., / ' " (." - #"" . : :- ,,,,,::,,. ' •• \
".
\ ", ,,....
"
~ ~~ 6.J~
A-rs-,F: oJFo ~lj*;+u &.J~
r)y4, ~ a-}li~ I.S~/~ -9 gj"_ ~
(~)~~~\~""'-'.,.:j~'2Jj~~-'
(fl-. 1,..1g.r-Gj
I JA'.*t!:U:X;e; ;
"Allah
"Allehhumma
hummalaka
lakasajadtu,
sajadtu, wabika
wabika amantu,
Emantu,
walaka
rmlakaaslamtu
clamtu ,.
saiadawajhiya
sajada ranjhiya LillaZikhalaqahii
Littaiikhalaqahl
Waspw-vrarahfifa
Wasaw-warahii fa ahsana
af.rsanasuwarahu,
guwarah-u,
Fashaq- sam'ahfr waba~rahu
qa sam'ahu
FaShaq-qa wabaqa rah-u
fatabara
fatab-arakal-l6hua~sanul
kal-Iahu al.rsanulkhill
kh-al iqeen".
iqeen".
(Ahmad,
(Ahmad, Muslim).
Muslim).

38
38
 "0h
"0~ Allah, for you
Allah, for you I havehave prostrated,
prostrated, and
and in you
you I have
have faith,
faith,
and unto you
and unto you I have
have submitted,
submitted, my
my forehead
forehead has
has prostrated
prostrated in
front
front of one
one who
who created and gave
created it and gave shape
shape to it and
and made
made it
perfeutly.
perfectly. Then
Then hehe gave
gave power
power of hmring
hearing and
and sight
sight and
and blesed
blessed
is Allah's nafils
is Allah'5 who is
name who the perfect
is the perfect creator."
treator."

ii) Abu
ai) Hurairah (R.n.)
Abu Hurairah (R.A.) said
said that
that the
the Mesenger Allah (S.A.W.}
Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.)
used to
used to say
say in
in his
his saidah:-
saidah:-
';". ( /;t;' ."/ t (~
i ","l' ' /-' ,
| //;.,,,
tLt

~~~:~~~&~\~~'-:;\~-"~~~ ;+;~~~'
(t t/
dj !'rL-}'d.3>'"Y+ ; J,V !.ffn "'(¥')I
.. ,r.4

4,yi;'{2.r}
,/.,. .-'
(1t-a)
(~)-,.~

'~Allah hum
"Alleh hum maghfirlee Zanbee kul-lahD
maghfirlee Zanbee kul-Iahjj diq-qahi,
diq-qahu,
""h3
-akhirahf,
wa jil-lahf
wa jil-Iahu wa
wa aw-walah-u
aw·walahu wa
wa akhirahu, wa
wa
'ald
'alii niy-yatah-u
niy-yatahu wawa sir-rahfi.
sir-rahu. "
{(Muslim, Abu
M u s l i mA Oawud,
,b uD Hakim).
a w D dH,a k i m ) .

"0h Allah,
"Oh Allah,forgive
forgive all
all of
of my
my sins,
sins,minor
minor
ones
onesand andmajor
majorones,
ones,
Ones
0nesI committed
committed previously
previously and and
0nesI commit
Ones commitin in the
thefuture.
future.
Ones
OnesI commit
commitopenly
openly
And
Andones onesI commit
commitsecretly."
secretly."
There
There are some other du
are some other 'as whith
du'E's which the Mesengerof
the Messenger Allah
of Allah
(S.A.W.)used
(S.A.W.) usedto to say
say in
in hishis Sajdah
Saidahbutbut these du'is are
thesedu'as t00 long
aretoo longto to
mention
menti0nhere. here.They
Theytancanbe be found
foundin in authentic
authentic Booksof
Books Hadithlike
of HaeJith like
Muslim,
Muslim,Ahmad, Ahmad, NisaiNisai Abu Abu DawTId
Dawddetc. etr,.It not surprising
lt isis not surprislng that
that
Prophet
ProphetMuhammadMuhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.WJ stayed
stayedin in R.uku
Rukuand andSajdah
Saidah for long
for long
intervals.
intervals.
All
All of of the
theauthentically
authentically approved
approved du'dstan
du'as canbe besaid withsub~ana
saidwith sub[Ena
Rabbi
Rabbiyal yal a'ia
a'ldor 0r on
0n their
theirownown or or altogether
altogether according
according to
to the time
thetime
available
available and
andcapacity
capacity of
of the person.
theperson.
In
In Sajdah positionthe
Saldahposition the worshipper
wonhipperisis at at hishis closest
closest to Allah.
to Allah.
HenLe,
Hence, Sajdah
Sajdah should
shouldbe performed
be performed calmly,
calmly,and quietly, without
andquietly, without
figgeting,
figgeting,and and the
theworshipper
worshipper should
shouldtrytry to readas
t0 read asmany du'asas
manydu'as ashehe
possibly
p o s i b l ycan.
can.

JAlSAH
JALSAH{SITTING
{SITTING BETWEEN
BETWEEI'I TWO
TWOSAJDAH)
SAJDAH)
-------
After performing
After performing one
onesajdah perfectly
sajdahperfectly and andr.almly,
calmly,the perr,on
the person
praying
praying should
shouldraiseraisehis
his head
headfrom
from sajdah
saidah saying,
saying, "AllaJtu
"Allahu akbar",
akbar",
bending
bending the
the left
left foot
f oot and
andsitting
sittingon while'keeping
on itit while 'keeping the rightfoot
theright foot
propped
propped up
up with
with itsin toes pointingtowards
toespointing towardsthe 0iblah,the
the Qiblah, palms
the palms
of
of his
his hands
handsshould
shouldrest
restonon his
histhighs
thighsand knees.
andknees. the backshould
the back should
be
be straight
straightsoso that
that the
the joints
iointsgogo bac.k
backin place.Itlt isis sunnat
in place. sunnattot0 say
say
the
thefollowing
following du 'a while
du'a whilesitting
sittingin
in between
between thetwo
the saidahr.
twosajdahs.

39
 *:liiry'vlr?.lrr-r\';€tt3e,rP;N
6'c>J;:ti'ciiLtj
"AlEhhum
"Allah hummaghfirlee
maghfirleervarfrmnee
warlJamnee wahdinee
wahdinee
m
WI
'f,finee
'ifinee warzuqnes
warzuqnee wajburnee
wajburnee warfa'nee"
war fa'nos"
(AbuDawOd).
(Abu Dawild).
Allah,forgive
"0h Allah,
"Oh forgiveme, andhave
me,and have mercyon
mercy 0nme,
m0,
keepme
andkeep
and meon theright
onthe path,
rightpath,
and keepme
andkeep mehealthy,
healthy,
provide
andprovide
and withhalal
mewithhalal
me sourccof
sources of living,
living
andcomplete
and complete myshortcomings,
my shortcoming,
andmake
and makemy myrank
rankhigh."
hidr."
The
Theworshipper
wonhipper can
cansay
saythis
thisdu'i
du'i'once
oncoor0r _G many
manytimes
timr _c he
he
likes.
likes.
SECOTIO
SECOND SAJDAH
SAJDAH

Thenthe
Then person
theperson should
should perform
perform thesecond
the second sajdah
sajdah saying,
saying, ".Allahu
".Allahu
Akbar"
Akbar"and
andrepeat
npeatwhat
wtrathe
hedid
didin
in the fint siUdah.
thefirst sqideh. .
JAI$AH-- E-ISTARAHAT
JALSAH E- ISTAFAHAT (SITTIITG
(SITTING FONREST).
FOR RESTI.
Thenhe
Then he should raisehis
shouldraise hishead
headupup saying
saying 'AllEhuAkbar"
.All1hu Akbar" and
rndsit
sit
for aa short
for whileas
shortwhile c hehedid
did in
in ialsah. Hedoes
jalsah. He dooE this
frh before
befonstanding
standing up
up
for thesecond
for the second rakat.
rakat.
SECOTD
SECOND RAKAT
RAKAT
Afterstanding
After standing up for
up for the
thesecond
second rakathe
rakat heshould
shouldfold fold his
hishands
hands
over his chest
orcr his ashe
chectas he did
did in
in the
the first
first rakat
rakatand
andstart
starthis recitation bv
hb recitation bv
reading "Bismill6h..........and
reading "Bismillih SurahFatihah
and Surah Fatihah follorrmd
followed by any pffige
by any passagl
or a chapter
or chapter of the Holy
of the Holy 0uran."
Ouran." Then
Then hehe should
should complete
complete hishis rscond
second
rakat
rakat in
in the manner of
the manner the fint
of the first one.
one.
While choosing a passage
While choming passage oror a chapter
chapter for the rocitation
for the recitation inin the
the
second or
scond or a subsequant
subsequent rakat the worshipper
rakat the worshipper shoufd
should observe
observe the
the
order in which
order in which they occur in
they mcur the Holy
in the Holy OurEn.
Ourin. Al$0,
Also, eoch
each Surah
Surah or
or
wne should be
verse should be shorter than the
shorter than one recited
the one recited before it. Hence,
before it. Hence, longer
longer
are rcited
surahs are
surahs recited before
before shorter
shorter surahs.
surahs.
TASHAHUD
TASHAHUD
After
After completing
completing thethe lrot sajdah of the
last sajdah the second
second rakat, t~e penon
rakat, the person
should
should nise
raise his
his head saying: "All6trAkbar".
head srying: "Allah-Akbar". He He should
should sitsit as
as he
he sat
sat
betryreon
between the
the two sajdah, putting
two sajdah, his left
putting his left hand
hand on on hls
his left
left knee
knee and
and
righthan&n his rigrt
right handon his riltlt knee.
knee. TheJist
The fist of the
the right
right hand
hand is
is cfosed
closed sxcept
except
for
for ths
the index
index finpr
finger which is protruded.
which is is protruded
protruded. ltIt is protruded so so that
that the
the
440
0
riqht t~~mb
{$t thu.mb b brought
is broughtto thesecond
1othe seconddivision
division of
of the
theindex
indexfinger.
finger.In
In
ftbporitionthe
thllposltlon pefionshould
theperson rhouldread:-
rad:-

,+Jsl$*ie qii.r 6 b rtat6*y Lu;iit

gl ;
,W #s ilqi;c;l-Jl i it',J,-J,tt';i; rii
;ffi gfi'rff-iei,rV:'[yl j Se-, o'r#-L;"1 p r
(+Jeili:., .fr;$;il+5
'At-tal|iy-yEtu lil-Ehi
"At-tal}iy-yatu liI-lshi wq ~alawatu
waf salawatu war-ray yiffitu.
wat-lay yibiJtu.
As-salBmu 'alayka ay-yuhan-nabiy-yu
Aseafiniu-'alayka ay-yuhrt-nabiy-yu''
wt ral)ma
W,J ral1ma tUJlahi
tullEhi wa barakiJtuhu
bankEruhi
'alaynE wa'ala 'iblJdil-/a
As+alEmu 'alayna
As-salamu 'ibediLE hi~-~aJiheen."
his+alihen."
wahl6

"Ash hadu
hdu anli iliha il/al/ahu
anla'ildha illal lEhu
wa ash
ah hadu
hdu an-na Mul}ammadan
Mul7ammadan
'abduhi
'ab~uhu wa rasOluh.
rafiluh." "

"AII
"All compliments,
compliments, all physicalprayer,
all physical prayer,
and
andall
all monitary
monitaryworship
wonhipare arefor
for Allah.
Allah.
Peace
Peace be
beupon
uponyou,
you,Oh
0h Prophet,
Prophet,
and
andAllah's
Allaht mercy
mercyand
andblessings.
blessing.
Peace
Peace be
beon
on us
u and
andon
on all
all righteous
righteous
slaves
slaresof Allah."
Allah."

"1
"l bear
bearwitness
witnessthat
that no
no one
oneis
isworthy
worthyof
worship
worshipexcept
exceptAllah.
Allah.
And
And I bear
bearwitness
witnesthat
that Muhammad
Muhammad
(S.A.W.}
(S.A.W.l b His
is Hisslave
slareand
andMessenger."
Messenger."

While
While reading
reading"Ash
"Ash hadu ......'abduhu wa
hadu......'abduh-u wa rasiiluh." person
rasilluh."a person
should raise the
shouldrabe the index index finger
finger of
of his
his right
right hand
hand slightly
slightly and
and return
return
it to
to its
in previous
prarious position
pmitionafter.he
afterhehas
haofinsihed
finsihed saying it.
sayingit.

personpraying
A person praying2 rakats
rakatsonly
only should
shouldcontinue
continueto
to the
the next
nextstage
stage
which
wfrichis
is Salat
SalatAlan-Nabi
Alan-Nabi (Dar[d].
(Darud).

STANDING UP
U PFOR
STAf{DII{G F O RTHIRD RAKAT
T H I R ORAKAT

lf a person
If penonisis praying
prayingthree
threeoror four
four rakats,
rakats, then
thenheheshould
shouldstand
stand
up
up after
aftertashahud
tashahud sayIng "All-ahuAkbar"
saying"Allahu Akbar"andand raising
raisinghis
his hands
handsasashe
he
did
did in
in Takbir
TakbirTahrimah
Tahrimah start
start his
his recitation
recitation with "Bismill6h.....and
with "Bismillah.....and
men
then Surah
SurahFatihah."
Fatihah."InIn the
the third
third or
or fourth
fourth rakat
rakatofof far~ prayer
fard prayer
recitation
recitationofof Fatihah
Fatihahisis sufficient.
sufficient.There
Thereisis no
no need
needto
to say
sayanother
another
41
41
Surah. But
Surah. person praying
But aa pgrson praying sunnat
sunnat or nafl praYer
or nafl prayer can read aa surah
can read surah
after Fatihah.
after Fatihah. After recitation he
After recitation he should continue t0
should continue complete his
to complete his
rakat (or
third rakat
third (or fourth rakat ifif he
fourth rakat is praying
he is praying four).
four).
After the
Atter completion of lrot
the cornpletion last rakat
rakat he
he should
should sit for tashahud
sit for tashahud
as described
as abpve (as
described above (as he
he sat after praying
sat after praying 2 rakats).
rakats).
TashJhud he
After Tashthud
After should read
he should Alan-Nabi (0rr0d]
Salat Alan'ltlabi
read Salat as follor,rrs:
(Dariid) as follows:-

aL 3ih(J,fai,J r'&Gi,{J4 U U'giit

#)\ 12+\6 {Lri>L,6- )t,}-'i I-^+ ytir,
r3.1
;#!jt$t CLs\$qk6 JJ;i,P &'54Y
;1#rol"+ltjyoa2V.y)lgi:
"Allah humma
"AlEh humma sal-li
sal-Ii blE
'ala Muhammadin
wa 'atE
'ala ali Muhammadin,
6ti Muhimmadin, .
Kama qal-layta
KamE 'ald lbrEheema
fal-Iayta 'ala Ibraheema
Wa'ala
Wahld Eli ali lbrdheema
Ibriheema
innaka bameedum
hameedum majeed."
majud."
"Oh Allah, send
"0h Allah, grace and
sendgrace honour on
andhonour on
Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
and
On
0n the
thefamily
familyand
andtrue
truefolloVYers
follovrnrsof Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.),
(S.A.W.),
just
just as
asyou
yousent
sentGrace
Graceand
andHonour
Honouronon
Ibrahim (A.S.)
lbrahim(A.S')
and
andonon the
thefamily
familyand
andtrue
truefollowers
followenofof Ibrahim (A.S.)
lbrahim(A.S.)
Surely,
Surely,you
youare
arepraiseworthy,
praiseworthy, the
the GF1!at.
Grgat'IJ"
"Allah
"AlEh humma barik bilrik 'ala
hll Muhammadin
'
wa
wa 'ala
htE ali
dti Muhammadin,
MuQammadin, •
Kama
KamEblIrakta·'ala
b1rakta'all Ibraheema
lbraheema
Wa 'ald ali
Wa 'ala dli Ibraheema
lbrdheema
innaka lJameedum
fiameedum majeed.
maied. "

"Qh
"0h Allah,
Allah,send
sendyour
yourblessing
blessingon
onMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
and
andthe
thetrue
truefollowers
followers of
of Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)riust
(S.A.W.),just
as
asyou
yousent
sentblessings
blesings on
0n Ibrahim (A.S.)
lbrahim(A.S.)
and his true followers.
andhistruefollowen.
Surel~ you are
Surelvryou arepraiseworthy,
praiseworthy,the
theGreat."
Great."

DU'AS
DU,ES AFTER
AFTERSALAT
SALATALAN-NABI (DAR[D}
(DARUD)
ALAI{-I{ABI

There
Thereare
arequite
quiteaa lot
lot of
of du'as
du'dswhich
wtrichProphet
Prophet (S.A.W-)
(S.A.W.) used to
usedto
say after Dariid and he
say after DarEdand he taughttaught them
them to
to the
the companions.
companiom. Herewe
Here we
will
willmention
mention aafew
fewof
ofthem.
them.

i)i) Abdullah
Abdullah bin
bin Amr (R.A.)said
Amr (R.A.) saidthat
thatAbu
AbuBakr (R.A.)said
Bakr(R.A.) saidto the
to the
42
42
 Messenger of
Masenger of Allah,
Allah, "Please'teach
"Please'teach me
me aa du'd so II can
du'f so say itit in
tan say in
my prayer."
my prayer."
So the
So the Mesengnr
Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.l
of Allah (S.A.W.) said,
said,
s.y:-
Sry:-

ijl$;J-'t i t;*sA3 d,-' 3#3$ ;fin,',

:i i s: yl,j; rY+4'r;7'iilJ A*-C dli'J1
'-a};$;-Jt
(~~.J:.J:) ~~
r{,std)
"Allah humma
"All6h hllmma innee
innee zalamtu
zalamtu nafsee
nafsee
?uJman Katheran
Zulman Katheeran , wa| yaghfi ruz
wala yaghfi ruz
zuncJba
iunr.lba
ilia anta
illd anta faghfirlw
faghfirlee maghfiratam
maghfiratam min
min
'indika,
'indika, warwar fiamnee
I)amnee innaka
innaka antal
Mtal
ghaflirur ral7eem."
ghaffirur ra!)eem. "
((Bukhari and
B u k h aa Muslim).
r in dM uslim).

"Oh Allah,
"0h Allah, II have
have been
been very
very cruel myself (by
cruel to myself (by ignoring my duty
ignoring my duty
you) and
to you) and there
there is
is no
no one
one who
who can forgive the sins Extept
can forgive the sins 'except
you. So
you. So forgive
forgive me because ygu
me because you are
are the
the only forgiver and
only forgiver and have
have
mercy
mercyon
on me.
me.Verily.you
Verily.you are
arethe
theforgiver
forgiverand
andmerciful."
merciful."

ii)
ii) Shadad
Shadad bin
bin Aus (R.A.)reported
Aus(R.A.) reportedthat
thatthe
theProphet
Prophet Allah
of Allah
(S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) used
usedto
to say
sayin
in his
hisprayer:-
PraYer:-

,*1 \g'-e -A \i.i il|4 L\h\'A'ri'LI;ilti "'

tA3:i{ttj 4;Y+ iJLiiffi1ii ei;3i;
'Li ufi,b1$39 r, +6Lv; ur.r"
r
"Alleh hUlnma
"Allah humma in innee katn ThubatJ
as'dtukatn
nee as-diU ThubatA
fil 'azeemata
fil alnri,
amri, wal
wal 'azeemata 'alarblar rushdi,
rushd[,
wa
wa as-aluka
as-alukashukra
shukra ni'matika
ni'matika ,,
wa 'ib1datixa, wa as-aluka
wa I]usna
l4usna'ibadatil< a, wa ai-aluka
qalban
qalban saleeman,
saleeman,wa wa lisanan
lis-ananfacJiqan,
q4diqan,
wa
waas-aluka
as'aluka min khaYri rna
min khayri m:a
Ta'lamu,
Ta'lamu,wa wa a'uzubika
a,uzubika min min
Shar-ri rna
Shar-ri mE ta'lamu,
ta'lamu, wa
waas astaghfiruka,
taghfiruka,
lima ta'lamu."( Nisai).
Ii m-ata'lamu."(Nisai).

"0h Allah,
"Oh Allah,II ask youfor
askyou forstrength
strengthinin every
everymatter
matter ofofdean
deanand
and
aastron~
stronqwill powerto
will power to be
beon
onthe
theright
rightpath.
path.And
AndII ask youto
askyou to
43
43
 make me
m0k0 me thankful for your
thankful for your bountir and give
bounti. and gi\lR me ability to
me ability
worship you
nronhip you perfectly. ask you
And I ask
perfectly. And you to
to make
make my my hoart
heart rincsrs
sincere
and my
and tongue truthful.
my tongus ask you
truthful. I aak you for every goodnas
for cvory goodness known
known
to you and I stek
you and seek refuge in you
refuge in you from everything bad
from arerything that you
bad that you
know is
know is bad.
bad.
ask your
I ck your forgiveness
forgiveness for mistakes you
all mistakm
for all you know."
know."
(iiil Aisha (R.A)
(iii) Aisha reported that
(R.A.) reported that the Prophet (S.A.W.)
the Prophet (S.A.W.) tsed
used to say this
to say this
du'i in
dut his prayen:-
in his prayers:-

fuU+') Ft.)rfu31,-,tLL,4 +'ilLi Vt*nr r",

t c_,\Li))jril3 r ?fu, * t;!l SJ,r.F,fu
r
tf' c'v) ;rl,rti +tbt 4+:t'A'eUii:rt
"Allih
"AlEh humma
humma inneeinneeA'Eiubika
A'iiiubika min
Aiibil va A1iubika
qabri, wa
Alibil qabri, A 'Uzubika min
fitna tid daj-jali, wa A'iiubika
dai-iEli, wa A 'uzubika
min fitna til mal}yi
mabYi wal mam*t.
wal mamat.
Allih humma
Alfah innee A'friuhika
hummainnee A 'uzubika minal
Ma'thami
Ma'thami wal
wal maghrami.
maghrami.'t '1
(Bukhari
{Bukhari and Mrslim}.
andMuslim).

"0h Allah
1I0h AllahI seek refugein
seekrefuge you from
in you from the punishment
the punishment of the
of the
grave,and
grave, and I seek
seekrefuge
refugein you from
in you the troubles
from the troublc of dqi'ial,
of daj-jal,
and
and I seek
seekrefuge
refugein you from
in you fromthe
the difficulties
difficultiesandtroubles
and troubles of
of
the
the life
life and
anddeath.
death.Oh Allah,I seek
0h Allah, refugein
seekrefuge you from
in you fromevery
nrery
kind
kindofofsin
sinand
andunexpected
unexpected troubles."
troubles."

'F6}\+j
rL9-+ i+i'r;:i"ltl+1,;:&*r 5 <rt
3 J.r} 33r.'4';4 ; L .ng.i'J:,Jl+t
W' K!,
.r | / 1r
o?\'-14'l
(iv)"Rab bij'alnee
livl'Bab bijbtneemuqeemBf
mug*mE salati
gatatiwa
wa min
min
zur-riy yateerab-bani
tur-riy yatee rab-banEwata gab-bal
wata qab-bal
du E,rab-banaghfirlee
du'a,rab-ba. naghfirle waliwaliday-ya
waliwali day-ya
lil mumineena
wa iii
wa yawmayaqumul
mumineenayawma yaqfrmul
/}isab.
fiisEb.
'I
"
"0h Lord,
"Oh Lord,make
makemeand
me andmy
mychildren keep
keepup
children prayers,
upprayers,
0urLord,
Our Lord,accept
acceptour prayer,
ourprayer,
OurLord,
Our Lord,forgive
forgive
me
meand
andmy parents
myparents
andall
and allthe Believen
theBelievers on
0nthe Dayof
theDay ofJudgment. "
Judgment."

44
44
 Althoughmost
Although peopleread
mmt people rmd Rab
Rabbij'alnee
bij'alnee after
afterOariid;
DarEd; itit isis per-
per.
mittedto
mitted reciteany
to recite any nice
nicedu'i. Howwer,itit should
duE However, shouldbe be known
knownthat that
this du'i
this du'6'isis not
not one
one ofof those
thosedu'as
du'a-swhich
which Prophet (S.A.W.)used
Prophet(S.A.W.) used
t0 say
to sayafter
after Darud. preferable
Darfrd.Itlt isis preferable to
to read
readboth
both Rab
Rabbij'alnee
bij'alneeand and
du'a-s
the du'as
the whichare
which areauthentic.ally
authentically provedfrom
proved fromthe
the Prophet
Prophet (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
and those
and thosehe he taught
taughtto to his
his compllnions.
comprniom.We We have
havementioned
mentioned only
onfy
four but
four but there
thereare are about
about twelve.
twelve.However,
However, they
they are
are too
too lengthy
lengthy
to mention
to mention here.
here.

E I I I D I t {THE
ENDING GH EPRAYER
T PRAYEH

After prayingfor
After praying f or himself
himselfas
asmuch
muchas
asthe person
theperson wishes
wishes he
heshould
should
end
endhis prayer
hisprayer saying:-
saying:-

j
oiltus:r;j*i$!ji-i\
'ataykum wa ra/;lmatullfJh, "
"As-salflmu~alaykum
''As-salamu wa rafimatul lehr"
"Peace
"Peace be
beon youand
on you andthe
themercy
mercyofof Allah,"
Allahr"
turning the face
turningthe facefirst
first to the right
to the right and
andthen
then to
to the
the left,
lett, both
both
timesover
times theshoulder.
overthe shoulder.
This
Thisbrings
bringsthe
the two,
two, three
threeor or four
four rakats
rakatsof
of the prayerto
the prayer t0 tom-
com-
pletion.
pletion.

DU'AS
D U ' A SAFTER
A F T E RSALUTATIONS
SATUTATIOT{S

There
There are are many
many du'as
du'a-swhich
which Prophet
ProphetMuhammad (S.A.W.)
Muhammad(S.A.W.)
used
usedto to say
sayafter
aftersalutation.
salutation. So, personpraying
So,a person praying
should
shouldtry
try to
t0 memo
mem-
arise
orisethemthemandand follow
followthe practice
the practice of ProphetMuhammad
of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).
(S.A.W.).
Some
Someof of these
thesedu'as wewill
du'aiwe will mention
mentionhere.
here.
ItIt was
wasthe
the continuous
continuous practice
practice of
of Prophet
ProphetMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.l
(S.A.W.)
when
whenhe heturned
turnedaway
awayfrom hisprayer
fromhis prayer to
to say:-
say:-

r.
1. o~~1At, ,,)
oljs\irnf r,'
" ~ ,~ ..' ~ ,*'/1 0ct",4U~
04\>~·
o'it';)3:J ~ 1" ~ ~''''l
6oYr"11it ,,: 9''>::. . ''''',
i*t34ii-l"i
.. ~ 0c,4U'A· wr
~.. (r,

~1;~
*;^ -L6u:,I ~~ja~1
d)y(;j..5l:J
; V::J';, ~\~
ai^ii t iu r:a\ c,t
Hr (r')
. (~)ScratPlts
q-l*l' (;~~".~!j
a) Akbar (once
Allahu Akbar
a) Allahu (onte aloud)
aloud)
(Allah
(Allah is the greatestl
is the greatest)
b) tutagh
b) firul·liih (3
Astagh firul-f6h (3 times)
times)
(l ask Allah
(I rok Allah to
to forgive
forgive mel.
me).
r.l Allih humma
I•. ) Allah humma antas antassalEmu
salamu
Wa minkas saldmu
Wa salamu
taharakta yd
tabarakta ya ialialali wafwal ikrim.
ikram.
45
4 5
 Oh
0h Allah,
Allah,you
you arearethe
the peace,
Peace,
'And
And you
you are
arethe
thesource
sourceof
of peace,
Peace,
you
youare
areblessed,
blessed, posessor
0 possessor of Glory
of Glory
and
a n dHonour). () M
. USLIM)
H o n o u r(MUSLIM)

o+ 5V 1g)'4]& lJ#z&a";Afri
2,'
2.' Allah
Altahhumma a'inneeali
hummaa'innee iikrika
atd Zikrika
wa
'ibadatika'
washukrika
shukrikawa
wa Qunsni
hunsni'ibadatika.
(Ahmad,
(Ahmad, Abu Daw-ud).
AbuDawud).
(0hAllah,
(Oh Allah,help
helpme
meto remember
to remember youall
you thetime,
allthe time,
And
Andto
to thank you,and
thinkyou, andto worship
to worship you perfectly!.
youperfectly).

# j J,Uj\'Ajj,'oj i+? I LSgtr;'r fudlf{

,b^t; i#Li nr,eu,t ,;il{'i'p r6" q V
-*J I\j'E!{ * af*g
r,He,6,; r1:3l(t t

3. afLa
3. ta ilaha
ibha i itlal
lIal lahu
tah| wal)dahil
wahdah7 Iila shareeka tahl.
shareekalahu.
Lahul
Lahul Mulku
Mulku wala hulhul hamdu
Qamdu
wa 'ald kul-li shay-in
wa huwa 'ala kul-li qadrer. "''
shay'in qadeer.

Al'arcn humma la mini'a

bf'Allah mdni'a lima
limd a'tayta
a'gayta
wa
wa Iii
la mu:riva
mulgiva lima
limE mana'ta
manata wa la ld
yanfa'u Zaljad-di
yanfa'u Zaljad-di minkal jad. I,"
minkal iad.
(Bukhari,
(Bukhari, Muslim).
Muslim).
'There
a)
a) ''There is
is no
no God
Godbut
but Allah,
Allah,
Heis
He isthe
theonly
onlyone
oneand
andhas
hasno
no partner,
partner,
Sovereignty
Sovereignty and praise
andpraise are
areonly
onlyfor
for Him.
Him.
Andhe
And hehas
hasfull
full authority
authorityover
overeverything."
everything."

b) "Nobodycan
b) "Nobody prwentwhatever
canprevent whatever you
youwant
want
to giveand
to give andnobody
nobodycan givewhatever
cangive whatweryou you
want
wantto prevent
to prevent and
anda person
pers0nwith
with high
high
rankcannot
rank cannotbenefit
benefithimself
himselfor
or another
another
fromhis
from hishigh
highrank
rankagainst
againstyour
yourwilL"
will."

...J~34.~JTAt\
-tt*j(3iit( ~-:!, rs ~
. A, 33 ~r( -.JL33
tb,ir.a)
/; . ~'S~
- t55 ii't 6g-*/

4. ItIt isissunnat
4. sunnat saysub~a
to say
to subh6nalfEh
nallah (33times),
(33 "Glorybe
timest,"Glory t0 Allah."
beto Allah."
AI~amdu
Alhamdu lillah (33times),
lillah(33 times), "Praise
"Praise beto
be Allah."
to Allah."
and AlldhuAkbar
andAllahu (34times)
Akbar(34 times) "Allahisisthe
"Allah great6t."
thegreatest."
46
46
 Thereare
There verymany
arevery du'[swhich
rnanydu'as whichProphet Muhammad
Prophet
Muhammad (S.AW.}
(S.A.W.)
usedto
used to say andhe
sayand he taught themto
taughtthem to his
hiscompanions.
companions.These
These can be
canbe
foundin
found in famous
famous Books
Books Hadith.
of Hadith.
of

••
or ••
oo ••
oo ••
ol ••
oo •l o•

47
47
Chapter 5
Cheipter
,OCCASIONAT
'OCCASIONAL PRAYERS
PRAYERS

WITB
WITR PBAYER
PRAYER
Witr
Witr Prryer
Prayer b
is runnat Mu'akkadah. lt
sunnat Mu'akkadah. It is
is very
very much
much emphrized
emphasized
by Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). He He did
did not
not leave this prayer
leave this prayer even
even
during a joumoy
dudng journey or when when mounted
mounted on on camelbac,k.
camelback.
It rns
\WI roso m'ach
mt.ch emphacized
emphasized that that some
some Muslim
Muslim scholars
scholars under-
under-
stood that
stood that it waswas wajib
wajib (compulsoryl
(compulsory) but but after
after a c,areful
careful study
study of
hadiths it can
hadiths can bebe said
said that
that it is
is notnot wajib
wajib but
but a very
very much
much emphas-
emphas-
ized prayer.
ized prayer.
Witr prayer
Witr prayer is is often
often mistrkenly
mistakenly thought
thought of as part
of as part of thethe lsha
Isha
prayer.
prayer. ThisThis isis not
not so. Witr prayer
so. Witr prayer is separate prayer
is a separate prayer which
which cancan be
be
offered
offeredafterafter the lshaprayer
the Isha prayer right
right up up toto the break of dawn.
the break dawn.For For the
the
convenience
convenience of the believers Prcphet
the believen (S.A.W.)allowed
Prcphet(S.A.W.) Witn to
allowedWitrs to be
be
offered straight after
offeredstraightafter lsha. Isha.
In
tn Arabic
Arabictne tne word
word witrwitr means,
means,One. One.In In hadiths
hadithsthe Mesenger
the Messenger
of Allah
Allahsays:
says:"Allah
"Allahis is one-so
onqsohelikesthe
helikesthe number,
number,ONE."
0NE."
(Muslim).
{Muslim}.
Allah
Allah also
also likes
likes odd
odd numbers
numbersbecause because when
wten an an odd
odd number
number
isis divided
dividedby by 2"the
2rtheremainder
remainder isis always
alwaysone. For this
one.For reason
thisreason Prophet
Prophet
(S.A.W.}
(S.A.W.) preferred
preferred odd
odd numbers.
numbers. Helikedto
Helikedto do
do things
thinp inin odd numbers
oddnumbers
in
in hishis rOlltine
routine life,
life, also,
also, such
such as:
as: when
when saying
saying prayers,
prayers, saying
saying du'ds,
du'as,
eating
eatingdatesdatesetc.etc. That
That isis why
why Prophet
Prophet(S.A. W.) asked
{S.A.W.} askedthe believers
the believers
to
to pray
praywitr
witr at at the
the end
end of of the
the night prayerso
nightprayer that it can
so that makethe
canmake the
night
night
- prayer
prayer into
into an
an odd
odd number.
number.
Abdullah
Abdullahbin bin Umar (R.A.! says
Umar (R.A.) saysthat
that the
the Messenger
Messenger of Allah
of Allah
(S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) said:
said:"Night prayerisis to
"Nightprayer to be
beoffered
offeredinin 2 rakats
rakatsunits. When
units.When
one
oneof of you
you feels
feelsthatthat dawn
dawnisisnear
nearthen thenhe heshould
shouldoffer rakatwhich
offer1 rakat which
can
canmakemakeallallthe
thenight prayerhe
nightprayer heoffered
offeredinto
intoananodd
oddnumber."
number."
( B u k h a rMuslim}.
{Bukhari, Mi,uslim).

NUMBER
] ' I U M B EOF
R FRAKATS
O B A K A T SOF
O FWITR
W I T RPRAYER
PHAYER

Abdullah
Abdullahbin bin Umar (R.A.)said
Umat (R.A.) saidthatthat the the messenger
mesenger of Allah
of Allah
(S.A.W.) said: 'l,Vitrprayerisis one prayer
(S.A.W.) said:''Witr prayer onerakat
rakatat at the
theend
endof of the
thenafl
naflprayer
at
atnight."
night."
Abu
Abu Ayub (R.A.)says
Ayub(R.A.) saysthat
that Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) said:
said:
"Every
"EvervMuslimMuslim should praywitr.
shouldpray witr. Anyone
Anvone who
wholikes
likesto pray55 rakats
t0 pray rakats
of
o fwitr
w i t rhe
h eshould
s h o u ldo
d oso,
s o ,anyone
a n y o f rwho
weh olikes
l i k e sto p r a y33 rat:kats,
t o pray r a l k a t she
n,eshould
should
do
do so,
so,andandanyone
anyone who
who likes
likesto prayone
to pray rakat,he
onerakat, heshould
shorrld d0so."
do s0."
( A b uDawud,
(Abu O a w [ dNisai, it,b nMaiah).
, i s a Ibn
N Maiah].

48
48
 We understand
We understand from the
from the above
abovementioned
mentionedhadiths
hadithsthat
that the
the
actualwitr
actual prayerisis one
witr prayer rakat,although
one rakat, personcan
althoughaa person canoffer,
offer, 1,3,
1,3,
5,7,or
5,7, rakatsof
or 9I rakats of witr prayer.All
witr prayer. All of
of these
thesenumbers areapproue~
numbersare apprnved
by Prophet
by Prophet Muhammad
Muhammari (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W-l in
in authentic
authentic hadiths.
hadiths.

TIME
T I M EOF
O FWITR
W I T RPRAYER
PBAYER

Witr prayercan
Witr prayer canbebe oftered
ofteredafter
afterthe
the Isha prayerright
lshaprayer rightupup to
to the
the
oreakof
oreak of dawn.
dawn.
(R.A.)said:
Aisha(R.A.)
Aisha "ProphetMuhammad
said:"Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)prayed
(S.A.W.) prayedwitr
witr
duringall
during all times
timesof of the
the night.
night.Sometimes
Sometimes he prayedWitr
he prayed Witr during
duringthe
the
first part of
first part the night,
of the night,sometimes
sometimes during
duringthethe middle
middlepartpart of
of the
the
night,and
night, andsomeHmes
sometimuduringduringthe the end part of
end part of the
the night
nightbutbut he
he used
used
to complete
to complete theprayer
the prayerbefore
beforethethebreak
breakof dawn."o
of dawn.
(Bukhari,
(Bukhari, Muslim).
Muslim).
However,
However, personwho
aa person who thinks
thinkshe he could
could not get up
not get up to
to pray
pray
witr at
witr at the
the end part of
end part of the
the night
nightcan
can offer
offer witr
witr immediately
immediately after
atter
lshaor
Isha beforehe
or before goesto
he goes bed. But
to bed. But someone
someone who
who thinks
thinksthat
that he
he
can
cangetget up
up and praynafl
andpray naflat at night
nightshould praywitr
shouldpray witr at
at the
the end
endofof his
his
night prayer.
nightprayer.
Jabir (R.A.)said
Jabir (R.A.) saidthat
that the
the Prophet
Prophet(S.A.W.)
{S.A.W.) said:
said:"Anyone
"Anyoneof of
you who
you who could
couldnot get up
not get up atat the
the end part of
end part of the
the night
nighthe he should
should
praywitr
pray witr in
in the partof
first part
the first of the
the night
nightand
andanyone
anyoneof of you
you who
who thinks
thinks
he can
he get up
canget up atat the
the end partof
endpart of the
the night
nightheheshould
shouldpraypraywitr
witr then,
then,
because
because the
the angels
angelsare presentfor
arepresent for the prayeroffered
the prayer offeredat at the
the end
endpart
part
of the
the night.
night." II

(Muslim,
(Muslim, Ahmad,
Ahmad, Tirmizi,
Tirmizi,Ibnlbn Majah).
Majah).

HOW
HOWTO
TO PRAY
PRAYWITR
WITR

Whenpraying
When prayingone Witr a person
oneWitr person can
canoffer
offer it as
asthe usualprayer.
the usual prayer.
Whenpraying
When praying 3,
3, 5,
5, 7 or
or 9
I rakats witr prayer
rakatsof witr prayer there
thereisis mon~
morn
thanone
than waythe
oneway the prayer
prayer can be offered.
canbe offered.
Forexample:-
For example:-

a) A
a) person praying
A person rakatswitr can
praying 3 rakats can pray
pray 2 rakats
rakatslike
like the
the
usual prayer.
usual prayer. After
After the
the Salutation,
Salutation,As-salamu
As-salSmu 'alaykumwa
'alaykum wa
rahmatul-Iah,
nhmatul-16h, first to the
first the right
rightand
and then
then to to the
the left
left he
he should
should
get up
gei immediatelyto com-plete
up immediately complete the the third
third rakat.
rakat. This
This way
way of
offering witr prayer
. offering prayer isis called,
called, witr bil f~al'.
bil fasal'.
b)
b) AA person
person praying
praying 3 rakats
rakats or or 5 rakais
rakats Witr
Witr should
should notnot sit
sit
for
for Tashahud
Tashahud in in between
between the the rakaB
rakats except
except in in the
the last
last rakat.
rakat.
c) A
c) A penon
person praying
praying 3, 3, 5 or
or 7 rakats
rakats Witr
Witr should
should sit
sit in
in Tashahud
Tashahud
in
in the
the last
last but
but one
one rakat,
rakat, €.9.
e.g. in
in the
the second
second rakat
rakat if he
he is
is
offering
offering 3 Witr,
Witr, fourth
fourth rakat
rakat if hehe isis offering
offering 5 witr,
witr, or
or sixth
sixth
rakat
rakat if he
he is offering 7 Witr
is offering Witr and
and so
so on.
on. He
He should
should read
read
Tashahud
Tashahud and then get
and then get up
up for
for the
the lat
last rakat
rakat and
and complete
complete it.
it.
49
4 9
 All
All33methods
methods are
are authentic
authentir. and
and are
are practised
prac.tised bybythe great
thegreat ulam~
ulamas
and scholars.
andsuholars. So
So Muslims
Muslims r~an
r;an lhoose
uhoose any
anyone one of
of these
these 3 3methods
methods toto
offer
offerthethewitr prayer.
witrprayer. When
Whenpraying praying 33 rakats,
rakats, witr,
witr,however,
however, ititisis
preferable
preferable totoLhose
r.hose meth0d
method 'a''a'oror'b' 'b'asProphet
~ ~rophet Muhamma.d
Muhammad (S.A.W.~,
(S.A.W.)
said:
said: "
"00 D onot make
notmake y o u
yourwitrr w i t p
r r
prayer a y e r
similar to
s i m i l atr0 y 0
your u rm a
maghnb g h rpraye~.
ipbr a y e r . "
(Qiamul·lall).
(Oiamul-lail).

DU'A
D u , ADUNUT
O U N UIN
I NWITR
T WITR PBAYER
PRAYER

Reading
Reading du 'ei Dunut
du'a Ounutinin the
thelast
lastrakat theWi~r
rakatofof the WitrPrayer
Prayerisisaa
proved
proved practir:e
practire ofof Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) and
andItit c.an
canbe
beread
read
reu k uor
b e f o rruku
before o rafter r uku.
a f t erui<.u.

a)a)Someone
someone whowants
who wantsto
to read
readQunut
Ounutbefore
beforeruku
rukuhe
heshould
should
readitit after
read afterhe hehas hasfinished
f inished reciting
reciting surah
surah Fatihah
Fatihah and
anachapter
cr,apiei
o f the
of t h eHoly
H o l yDuran.
0 u r a nWhile. h i r ereciting
w r e c i t i ndu'a
g u ' aQunut
d 0 u n 0 ta. person
p r o o n?tanrn
. . rup h i shands
l u p his h a n din si n front
f r o n rof
o f him
h i moro i hhee canc a nleave
l e a v them
et h e mfolded.
fofded.
b) Someone
b) someone who wants
who wantsto to read
readdu'a du'a-Dunut0unu:tafter itter the
ttreruku
rukuhe he
can r e a diti t with
c a nread w i t hhish i shands
h a n dcupped
sc u p p ein i n front
d f r o n tof
o f him
h i moro r he
h ecan
cin
let his
let his hands
handsrest re6tat at his
hissides.
sides.Saying
sayingdu'a du'E'after
afterthetne ruku
ruku
andLupping
and rupping hands
hands in front
in preferalle
frontisispreferaQle as
asthis
thiswas
wasthethe
practice
practice of Prophet
ofProphet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.t/.).
(S.A.\JV.).
some Fuqhas
Some Fuqhas insist that insisr that reading
reading du'a
du'i Qunut
0un[t isis compul·
compul-
sory in
sory in the
the last lastrakat
rakatof of the
the Witrwitr and andsomesomeothersotherssay sayitit isis
rompulsory
compulsory in the
in the last
lastrakat
rakatof of the
the FajrFajrprayer,
prayer,but but ifif you
you
studyhadiths
study hadithscarefully
carefully you will
you will find
finclthatthat'it is not
it'is not compul-
,orirt-
sory either
sory eitherin in the
the witrWitr or or inin the
the Fajr prayer. Therefore,
Fajrprayer. Therefo if a
re,it a
person
person leaves
leaves du'a du 'ei ounilt
Dunut in in his
his witr
witr prayer
prayer his his prayei'wilr
prayer will
not
not be be deficient.
defic.ient. Also,ifAlso, if someone
someone does does not'know
not know du,i du'a 0unfit
Qunut
he
he need
need not not say say another
another uhrpter
chapter of the the Ouran
'Ouran 0r or any
any other
other
words
words in in its its replacement.
replacement. Du'a Ou'(j ounDt
QunIit can can be be reao
read in in iny
any
prayer.
prayer.
T EXT
TEXT O
OFFD U ' AO
OU'A UruUT
QUNUT

a) Hasan
a) Hasan bin Ali (R.A.)
bin Ali (R.A.) said
said that
that the
the Messenger
Messenger ofof Allah
Allah (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
taught
taught me
me the
the woids which II should
words which should say
say in
in the
the du,d'
du'a oi
of witr:-
witr:-

+ ; i iilbL ;;+'&;L,.Viq'^h ;*'j i j4;i t

j#, \;)t',1:?;
€!j--ii tfo |).'!:.Uj :i#',#l
-nC \-, G !+*'/ l.t.ta-e j;$f; b?hi j:,j;r,
'J_H,;
a;r2; ; ej gj1 U,,tG ;;1+. j t
.ai-rt6e'oirt'AC; it$,S. fr i
550
0
 "AlEh hum
"Allah hum mahdinee
mahdinu feeman hadaYta,
feemanhadayta,
Wa 'ifinu feeman
Wa'5finee feman 'afayta,
Efayta,
wata tanl-lanrefeeman
wata wal-Ianee feemantawal-Iayta,
tawal-layta,
wabarik
wa lee feemi
barik lee a'taita,
f*mE a'taita,
shar-rama
waqine shar-ra
waqinee mEqa~ayta,
qaQayta,
aqde wala
fa-innakataqdee
fa-innaka yug(Etalayk,
wald yuCl'/a'alayk,
innahDII
innahu lE Yazil-lu manw wllayt,
Yaiillu manw
ya'iz-zuman
walEya'iz-zu
wala man 'Idaita,
Edaita,
rabbanEwata
tabeJaktarabbana
tablJrakta Elaia,
wata '!Iaita,
n alagh fi iil *a wanatubu
nastaghfiiuka i lav ka,
wanatubu ilavka.
Wa qal-lal
Wasal-Ial lahu -
alan nabee."
lahu alan- nabffi."
(Abu Dawfid,Nisai,
Abu Dawud, Nisai,Ibn
tbn Majah).
Maiah).

"0h Allah,
"Oh Allah.make
makeme me among
among thosewhom
those whomyouyouhave guided,
haveguided,
and makeme
andmake amongthose
meamong thosewhom
whomyouyouhave
havesaved,
saved, and
andmake
make
meamong
me amongthose
thosewhom
wtromyou youhave
havechosen,
chocen, and
andbless
blcs whatever
whatever
youhave
you givenme,
hwe given me,and protect
andprotect mefrom
me fromthe
theevil
evilwhich you
whichyou
hrvedecreed;
have decreed; verilyr
verily., you decide
you decide thethings
the thingsand
andnobody
nobodycan
can
decide
decide against
against you;surely
you; penson
the person
surelythe you befriended
you befriended can't
can't
bedisgraced,
be dlsgraced, andthe
and penonyou
theperson youopposed
opposed can't
cantbebehonoured.
honoured.
Youare
You areblessed,
blecsed, our lord,
our andexalted,
Lord,and exalted, rtr ask
we aslrtor yourforgiveness
tor your forgivenes
andturn
and turn to you.Peace
t0 you. Peace and mercyof
andmercy Allahbe
of Allah be upon
uponthe
theProphet."
Prophet."

b)'s g ; -!i;;;E:)vfiut\
+ b' * j'rJaiL*,,
'{1;!5K'4; s
H ;Fi \i* b::"i b6;
d;k5 UfiLrr'! V\;ilri -'!j!,rt- i- t'#t
Iii; .tk: F.j i 3+{ i Hj ?$ts 3&5,
r ,! ? '

A:'J;);)u3' V,4r':e L y4,'i;

"AlEh humma inna
"Allah nista'eenuka .w
innd nasta'eenuka w nastaghfiruka
nntaghfiruka wa
bika wa
nu'minu bika
nu'minu vn natawak-ka/u 'atayka .w
natawak-kalu 'a/ayka yw nuthnee 'alayk-al
nuthne 'atayk-al
khayr. WaWa nashkuruka wa 16 /5 nakfuruka
nakfuruka wa nakhla'u
nakhla'u wa
natruku man-y yafjurka. Allah
natroku Allih humma iyyaka iyyhka na'budu
ne'budu
wa laka
wa nu~al-lee wa
/aka nugal-le nxjudu wa
wa nasjudu vn ilayka n*'d wa
ilayka nas'i tn nahfidu
naltfidu
wa narj0
wa nak hsha hzibake
narjO rahmataka wa nakhshE 'azfraka
'azabake inna 'azabaka
bil kuf-fdri
bil kuf-fari mulhig.
mulhiq.

"0h Allah,
Allah, wewe ask
ask you
you for
for help
help and seek your
and seek your forgivenes,
forgiveness,
and we
and believe in
we believe in you
you and h~Ye trtst
and have in you,
trust in you, and we praiso
and we praise
you
you in
in the
the best
best way
way and
and we thank you
we thank you and
and vve are not
we aIE not un-
un-
grateful
grateful to
to you,
you, and we forsake
and um forsake and
and turn
turn away
iNlay from
from the
the one
one
who disobeys
wtro disobeys you.
you. 0 Allah,
Allah, we
we worship
worship youyou only and pray
only and pray
5
511
 to
to you
youand prostrate
andprostrate ourselves
0urselves before
beforeyou, you,andandwe runtowards
werun towards
you
ycu andandserve
serveyou, you,andandwe hopeto
wehope to re~eive.
rec,eive yourm~rcy,
your and
mercy,a.nd
we
we fear
fearyour
yourpunishment.
punishment. Surely,
Surely, the
thedisbelievers
disbelievers will
will receive
receive
punishment."
y o ur rpunishment."
you
someulamas
Some ulamas recommend
recommend this·du'a
this-du'a- inin the
thewitr
witr prayer.
prayer. Of
0f course,
courue,
itit Lan
uanbe readas
beread asitit isisaanice
nicedu'a
du'i but
butitit isisnot
notone
oneofof those
thosedu'as
du'6's which
which
Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A. W.) read
readinin his
hisQunut.
0unfrt,
Thereare
There aresome
someother otherdudu'fs
'as which
whichProphet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.}
(S.A.W-l
used
usedto to read
readin in his
hisQunut0un[t inin the
theWitr prayeror
Witr prayer 0r in
in his otherprave~.
hisother praves.
A penonLan
A person uanreadreadall thesedu'as
all these du'frstogether
togetheror jusione
or jUSl oneof of them
them
orcombine
or combine themwith
them withother otherdu'as.
du'a-s.

JUMAH ( F R0
f A Y PRAYER)
J U M A H(FRIDAY PRAYERI

IMPORTANC
IMPORTANCE OEFATTENDING
OF A T T E N D I NFRIDAY
GH I D A YPRAYER
F PBAYER
FridayPrayer
Friday Prayer isisvery
veryimportant
amp0rtant in lslam.It
in Islam. lt has
hasgot
gotits
itsown
ownmoral,
moral,
social
social and political
and political benefits.
benefits. Itlt isisobligatory
obligatory for
for every'
every,Muslim
Muslim except
except
w0men,children,
women, children, slaves,
slaves, seriously
seriously ill people
ill people and
andtravellers.
travellen. They
Theycancin
prayJumah
pray Jumahbut but itit isis not
notobligatory
obligatory on
on them.
them.
ProphetMuhammad
Prophet Muhammad (s.A.w.)
(S.A. W.) has hasgiven
givenaa strong
strongwarning
warningto to aa
person
person wholeaves
who leaves his
hisJumah prayer
Jumahprayer without
withoutaa good
goodreason.
reason.
In one
In one hadith
hadithAbdullah Abdullahbin bin Masud
Masu-d (R.A.) narrates
(A.A.) narrates what
whatthethe
Messenger
Messenger of Allah
of (S.A.W.)
Allah (S.A.W.) once
oncesaid saidabout
abourthethe people
peoplewho
who diddid
not tome
not cometo t0 the FridayPrayer
the Friday Prayer without
withoutaa good goodreason.
reason.
'.'l
wishto
"I wish to appoint
appointsomeonesomeone to
to leadthe prayer and
leadtheprayer andmyself
myselfgogo to
to
the houses
the housesof of those
thosewho who missed
missedthe the Friday
FridayPrayer
Prayerand
andset
iet fire
fiie to
to
theirhouses
their houses with
with thethe occupants
occupants in t~em."
in tl-em."
(Muslim,
{Muslim, Ahmad).
Ahmad}.
Another
Another hadith
hadith states,states,"A pen;on pen;on whowho leaves
leaves 3 Friday
Friday prayers
prayers
uonsecutively, Allah puts
Lonsecutively, Allah puts a seal
seal onon his
hi:) heaft."
heart."
(Ahmad,
(Ahmad, Tirmizi,
Tirmizi, abu
abu Dawfd).
Oawud).

IIMPORTANCE
MPORTANC OFE
O FCCLEANLINESS FOR
L E A N L I N EF
SO FRIDAY
S RF PRAYER
B I O A YP BAYER

Because
Because in in Friday
Friday Prayer
Prayer a c0mparatively
comparatively large large number
number or01 Mus-
Mus-
lims gather
lims gather in in a bigbig placersorlslam
place,so,lslam emphasizes
emphasizes 0n on the
the physical
physical clean-
clean-
liness as
lines as well.
well.
Prophet (S.A.W.)
Prophet (S.A.W.) said,said, "A person person who who has has a bath
bath on
on Friday,
Friday,
cleanses himself
cleanses himself fully,
fully, uses
uses ciloil andand perfume;
perfume; then then goes
goes to the
the mosgue
mosque
early in the
early the afternoon
afternoon and and takes
takes his his place
place quiefl1,
quieti',' without
without pushing
pushing
disturbing people;
or disturbing people; then then he prays (optional
he prays (optional prayer prayer as
as much
much as
as
hhee w
was b l ettoo ppray);
a saable r a y ) ;then
t h e nssits
i t sqquietly
u i e t l yllistening
i s t e n i ntto
go tthe Khutbah;he
h eK hutbarh;he
will
will be
be forgiven
forgiven his sins between
his sins between this this Jumah
Jumah and and the
the next
next Jumah."
Jumah."
(Bukhari).
(Bukhari).

52
IMPORTANCE OF
OFGOING
ITIPORTATTGE GOIIIGEARLYTO
EARTYTO FRIDAY
FRIDAYPRAYER
PBAYER

0n Friday
On Fridayit isis more
morerewarding
rewarding to gntready
to get quirklyto
readyquickly goto
to go to the
the
mosque.
mosque.
Abu Hurairah
Abu (R.A.) narrated
Hurairah(R.A.) narratedthat that the
the Messenger
MesengnrI)f of Allah
Atlah
(S.A.W.}
(S.A.W.) said, "0n Friday
said,"On Fridaythe
theAngels
Angels stand
standQ.ott the
thedoor
doorof ol the
themosque
nrosque
andwrite
and write down
downthethe names
names of
of the peoplein
the people in the
the order
orderin in which
whichthey
they
enterthe
enter the mosque
mosquefor prayer.The
Fridayprayer.
for Friday Thefirst groupof
firstgroup people
of people who
who
enter
enterthe mosqueget
the mosque get the
the reward
rewardequivalent
equivafent to
to that
that ofof sacrificing
sacrificing aa
camel,
camel,the peoplewho
the people who enter
enterthethe mosque
mosqueafter
afterthem
themget getthe
the reward
rermrd
equivalent
equivalent to that
to that ofof sacrificing
sac,rificing aa cow.
cow.The peoplewho
The people who enter
enterthe
the
mosqueafter
mosque them get
after them get the
the reward
rewardequivalent
equivalent to
t0 that
that of
of sacrificing
sacrificing
ramand
aa ram andthe peoplewho
the people who follow
follow on 0n likewise
likewiseget getthe
the reward
rarard of of aa
chic,ken,
chicken, egg
eggand
andsos0 on
0n there gradation
thereisis aa gradation of
of rewards
raruards for
for the people
thepeople
asthey
as they enter. Theangels
enter.The angels keep
keepwriting
writingthethenames
names of
of the people
thepeople as
asthey
they
enter
enterthe
the mosque
mosqueuntil
until the
the Imam
lrnamsitssitsdown
downto giveKhutbah.Then
to give Khutbah. Then
the angels
the angels collect
collecttheir
their registers
registers and
andsit sit and
andlisten
listento to the
the Khutbah."
Khutbah."
(Bukhari,
(Bukhari, Muslim).
Muslim).

PRAYER
P R A Y E BEfORE
B E F O RJUMAH
R JEU M A H

A pdrson
parson who
who goes
goestoto attend prayercan
Fridayprayer
attendFriday prayas
canpray as many
many
nafls
naflsasashe
he wishes
wishesafter
afterthe
the sun
sunhas
hasdeclined
declined from its
from its zenith
zenithtoto whtm
wherr
the
the Imam
lmamcomes
comesto giveKhutbah.
to give Khutbah. Anyhow
Anyhowhe he is
is expected
expected prayat
to pray
to at
least rakats
least2 rakats sunnat.
sunnat.
LISTENING
L I S T E i I I t {TO
GO KHUTBAH
T (SEBMON}
K HU T B A H(SERMON)

Once
0nue the the Khutbah
Khutbahstarts,
starts,the
the whole
wholecongregation
codgregation should
shouldlisten
listen
to
to it in in silence.
silence. person
Iflf a person arrives
arrives while
whilethe
the Imam givingKhutbah
lmamisis giving Khutbah
then
then this personshould
this person pray2 rakats
shouldpray rakatsnafl
nafl before
beforesitting
sittingdown
dorrunto
to
listen
listento to Khutbah.
Khutbah.
Jabir (R.A.)said
Jabir (R.A.) said that
that the
the Messenger
Messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)said
Allah (S.A.W.) said
while he
w h i l h ewas
e g i v i n gKhutbah:
w a sgiving Khutbah:
"lf anyone
"If anyoneof of you goesto
you goes to attend
attendthethe Friday
FridayPrayer
Prayerwhile
whilethe
the
Imam
lmam is is delivering
delivering Khutbah
Khutbahhe shouldpray
he should pray 2 rakats
rakatsandand should
should
not
n o t make
m a k ethem long."
t h e mlong."
(Musliml.
(Muslim).
There
Thereis is another
anotherhadith.
hadith.Jabir (R.A.)says
Jabir(R.A.) saysthat
that once
oncea man mancame
came
to
to Friday
FridayPrayerPrayerwhile whilethe
the Messenger
Messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.) was
wasdelivering
delivering
Khutbah, so
Khutbah. so Allah's messenger (S.A.W.)
Allah's messdnger (S.A.W.) asked
asked him, "Did you
him, "Did you pray?"
pray?"
"N0", hg
"No", he answgrgd.
answered.
Then Prophet (S.A.W.l
Then Prophet (S.A.W.) said
said toto him,'Stand
him, ''Stand up and pray
up and pray:' ."
(Bukhari,
(Bukhari, muslim,
muslim, Abu
Abu Dawfd,Tirmizi].
Dawud,Tirmizi).
It is continuous practice
is a .continuous practice inin Saine mosques that
soinemosques that those
those who
who
arrive while'the lmam
arrive while'the Imam isis giving
giving speech
speech sitsit down
down and
and listen
listen to
to the
the
speech. When
speech. When the the lmamImam has
has finished
finished the
the speech
speech hehe gives
~ives time
time to the
the
late arrivals
late arrivals to to pray
pray 2 or or 4 rakatr sunnat. After
rakats sunnat. After that Imam gives
the lmam
that the gives a
5
533
 short Khutbah
short Khutbah in in Arabic before praying
Arabic before praying the Jumah Prayer.
the Jumah Prayer.
Thete people get
These people get very
very annoyed
annoyed ifif they see aa person
they see person offer
offer
2rakats sunnatwhile
2raxas sunnatwhile the the lmam
Imam is is giving
giving speech.
speech. They
They -feel
Jeel that
that the
the
psnon
person is is being disrespectful io
being disrespectful the lmam.
to the Imam. This
This isis incorrect
incorrect andand
unproved from
unproved the practice
from the of Prophet
practice of Muhammad (S.A.W.).
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).
It is
ft is also
also agninst
against those hadiths which
those hadiths which we we mentioned
mentioned aboveabove and
and
the one we
ilteone we are
are mentioning
mentioning below.
below.
Abi 0atadah(R.A.l
Abi Oatadah (R.A.) says says that
that the
the Mesenger
Messenger of AttahAllah (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.)
said, "Whaneyer
$id, "Whenever ong one of youyou enters
enters the
the mosque
mosque he he should
should notnot sit
sit
down without
down without offering
offering 2 rakats."
rakats."
((Bukhari,
B u k h a rM
i,usfim).
Muslim),
These
These hadiths
hadiths clarify
clarify the points
the points which
which are
are mispractised
mispraetised above.
above.
The lmams
The Imams and ulamas who
"nd ulamas who have
have even
even a slight
slight fear
fear of
of Allah
Allah and
and
respect for
respect for nadith
nadith andand the sunnah of Prophet
the sunnah Muhammad (S.A.W.)
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
should stop
should this practice
stop this practice andand should
should notnot become
become annoyed
annoyed whenwhen
others pray
othen pray 2 rakats.
ra leats.
ACTUAL
A C T U A TJJUMAH PRAYER
U M A HP RAYER

Jumah Prayer
Jumah Prayer isis 2 rakats
rakats fard. lf a person
far~. If person isis late finds onty
and finds
late and only
1I rakat
rakat with
with the
the congregation
congregation he should
he shouldcomplete
complete the secondrakat
the second rakat
alone.
alone.lfIf a penon
person arrives
arrivessoso late that he
latethat mis:;es the
he mises Jumah prayer
the Jumah prayer
completely then he
completelythen he has
has to offer 4 rakat
to offer far~ of
rakat far{ Zuhr prayer.
of Zuhr The
prayer. The
Jumah
Jumah prayer
prayer is
is replacement
replacement of
of Zuhr
Zuhr prayer
prayer but
but the
the lmam
Imam has
has to
to
recite
reciteQirat
Oir6taloud
aloudinin Jumah
JumahPrayer.
Prayer.

PRAYER
PRAYERAFTER
AFTERJUMAH
JUtt,IAH

After
Afterthe the Jumah
JumahPrayer Prayer2 rakats rakats of
of sunnat
sunnatprayer prayerisis an anauthen-
authen-
tically
tically proved
provedpractice
practice of
of Prophet
ProphetMuhammadMuhammad (S.A.W.)but
(S.A.W.) but somesome
companions
companions used
used to
to pray
pray 4 or
or 6 rakats
rakats sunnat
sunnat after
after the
the Jumah
Jumah Prayer-
Prayer.
Ibn
lbn UmarUmar(R.A.) (R.A.l says saysthat that the the Messenger
Messenger of Allah
of (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.)
did not pray
didnot pray after
afterthe the Friday
Fridayprayer prayeruntil until he wenthome
he went homeand andthen then
he
h eprayed
p r a y e2d rakats.
rakats'
( B u k h a rMuslim).
(Bukhari, M i, usrim).
Abu
A b u Hurairah
Hurairah ( R . A . )narrated
(R.A.) narrated that
t h a t the M e s e n g eof
t h e Messenger or f Allah
Allah
(S.A.WJ
(S.A.W.} said: "Anyoneof
said:"Anyone of you youwho goingto
whoisisgoing prayafter
t0 pray afterthe Friday
theFriday
prayer,
prayer,he he should
shouldpray pray44 rakats."
rakats."
(Muslim).
(Muslim).
Ata says: 'lVheneve
''Whenever r
Abdullah
Abdullan ibn
i b n Umar
U m a ( 8
(R.A.)
r . n . ) p r a
prayedy dJ u m a h
e Jumah
Atdsays:
in
in Makkah,he
Makkahrhe would
would move
move a
a little
little forward
forward after
after the
the Jumah
Jumah prayer
prayer
and offer 22 rakats;
andoffer rakats; then
thenhe he would
wouldmove moveaa little forwardagain
littleforward againand and
offer
offer44 rakats.
rakats. And
Andwhenever
whenever he prayed
he prayed Jumah
Jumahin Madinah,
in Madinah he did
J he did
not
not pray
prayin in the
the mosque
mosque after
afterthe theJumah
Jumahprayer prayer unti!he
until wentback
hewent back
home;
h o m ethen
t; h e nhe praye2
h e prayed d2 rakats.
r a k a t sWhen
W . h e nhe
h ewas a s k ewhy
w a sasked w
d h yhe h edidd i dnot
not
'This
pray
pray in in thethe mosque
mosqueafter afterthe the Jumah
Jumahprayer.prayer,He answered,
Heanswered, 'This
was
u a sthe
t h epractice
p r a c t i cof
oef Prophet
P r o p h eMuhammad d . A . W ".") :
a( S
Mt u h a m m (S.A.W.):
These
T h e s hadiths
eh a d i t hclarify
cs l a r i f ythat
t h a t2,2 , 4 or r a k a tcan
o r 6S rakats tsa nbe b eoffered after
o f f e r eafter
d
54
54
theJumah
the prayeraccording
Jumahprayer according to
to the
thetime
timeand
andcapacity
capacityof
of the
theperson.
person.
ItIt isis not goodpractice
not good practice to
to accuse
accuse peoplewho
people who read
read22 rakats
raka$only
only
because
because this,
this,too, was the
toorwas theauthentic
authentic practice
practice of
of Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(s.A.w.l.
(S.A.W.).

EIO
EIDPRAYER
PRAYE
R
P T A CFOR
PLACE EO REIO
F E I DPRAYER
PRAYER
Eid prayer
Eidprayer should
should beoffered
be offdred outdoor
0utd00r in
in the
theopen,
open,e.g.
e.g.in park
in aa park
field,or
field, or aa desert
desert etc.Ifff itit isis wet
etc. wet or
or not posibleto
not possible to find
findaa suitable
suitable
outdoor
outdoor place
place itit can
canbe prayed
beprayed in
inaa mosque
mosque or
0raalarge
largehall.
hall.
(AbuDawlid)
(Abu Dawfid]
TIME
T I M EOF E I DPRAYER
O FEID PRAYER

Eid prayershould
Eid prayer be offered
shouldbe whenthe
offeredwhen the sun
sunISn obvious
obvious above
above
thehorizon.
the horizon.
I{UMBER
NUMBER OFRAKATS
OF BAKATSOF
OFEID
EIDPRAYER
PBAYER
Eid prayerisis 22 rakats.
Eid prayer rakats. Therei5is no
There nafl.prayer
no nafl. prayer before
beforeoror after
after
theEid
the Prayer.
EidPrayer. There
There isisno
no Iqamat
lqamat or azim
or azin for EidPrayer.
for Eid Prayer.
lbn Abbas
Ibn (R.A.)reported:
Abbas(R.A.) reported: "N0 doubt,
"No Prophet
doubt,Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad
(S.A,W.}
(S.A.W.) usedto
used pray2 rakats
to pray rakatsonly
onlyfor EidPrayer.
for Eid Prayer. Hedid
He not pray
did not pray
anything
anything before
before orafter
or afterthat.
that.
(Bukhari,
(Bukhari, Muslim).
Mrslim).
UGTOF
COI{D
CONDUCT OFEID
EIOPRAYER
PRAYER
22 rakats
rakats of Eid
of prayer
Eidprayer shouldbe
should beoffered
offered in the
in samemanner
thesame manner 6 as
the 2 rakats
the rakatsof the usual
of the prayerexcept
usualprayer exceptthat
that there are7 takbin
there are takbirs inin
the first
the rakatand
first rakat andfive
fivetakbirs
takbirsin
in the
thesecond
second rakat.
rakat. With each extra
With Ech extra
takbir
takbirthethe hands shouldbe
handsshould be-raised
raisedup
up to
to the
the shoulder
shoulder level (as
level (as in
in
Tahrima).
TakbirTahrima).
Takbir
All extra
All takbinshould
extratakbirs shouldbe be pronounced
pronounced beforebefore starting
starting Oir6t
Girst
(recitation).
(recitation).
Kathirbin
Kathir reportedfrom
Abdullahreported
bin Abdullah from his fatherand
his father' and his
his father
father
from grandfather
from grandfather that Prophet
that (S.A.W.I
Prophet(S.A.W.) said7 takbin
said takbirs in the fint
in the first
rakatof
rakat of Eid prayerand
Eid prayer and5 takbirs
takbininin the
thesecond
second rakat
rakat of
of Eid
Eid Prayer
Prayer
before
before beginning
beginning recitation.
recitation.
(Tirmizi,
(Tirmizi, lbn
Ibn Majah,
Majah, Darmi).
Darmi).
P R A Y EIS
E I OPRAYER
EID IRSOFFERED
O F F E B EB DE F O RK
BEFORE EH U T B A H
KHUTBAH
Jafar bTrl--MlJhammad
JafarUin f,rtutrammad (R. A.-)-re-p-o-rte-d-:--'-'N-o-do-u-bt-,
19.a1 lgporteo\-"No doubt, -P~ro-p-h-et-
Prophet
Muhammad (S.A.W.I, Abu Bakr (R.A.l
Muhammad (S.A.Wol, Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.) said
and Umar (R.A.) said 7
takbin in
exrratakbirs
extra in the
the first
firsr rakat
rakat of their Eid
of their Eid andand Rain
Rain Prayer
Prayer andand
55
five extra
five extra takbin
takbirs in
in the
the second
second rakat their Eid
rakat of their Eid and
and Rain
Rain Prayer.
Prayer.
Prophet (S.A.W.)
Prophet offered Eid
(S.A.WJ offered Eid Prayer before Khutbah
Prayer before and recited
Khutbah and recited
aloud.""
aloud.
(Shafaee).
(Shafaee).

JJANAZAH
ANAZAH PRAYER
P RAYEH((FUNERAL
F U N E R AP
LR A Y E R }
PRAYER)

JJANAZAH
ATIAZAHPRA
P R AYER
YER

is a right
It is right of
of a Muslim
Muslim that that when
when he he passes
passes away other Muslims
away other Muslims
should pray
should Janazah prayer
pray Janazah prayer for for him. Janazah prayer
him. Janazah prayer is
is supererogatory
supererogatory
prayer. If
prayer. no one
lf no one from
from the the whole
whole of the Muslim
of the Community prayed
Muslim Community prayed
tthe a n a z ap
h eJJanazah hr a y e rthen
prayer; ; t h etthe
nh ewwhole
h o l eccommunity yo u l db
would
o m m u n i tw bee cconsidered
onsidered
sinful in
sinful in the
the sight
sight ofof Allah.
Allah. lf If some
some of the people
of the people prayed the Janazah
prayed the Janazah
prayer then
prayer then the
the whole
wholecommunity
communityis is saved frornthe
savedfrom angerof
the anger of Allah
Allah
even
eventhough
thoughthe the reward
rewardwill will only
only be givento
be given the participants
to the participants only.
only.
In
In hadiths
hadithsProphet
ProphetMuhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.)emphasized
(S.A.W.) emphasized and
andeu--
err--
couraged
couraged the
the Muslims
Muslims to
to attend
attendfuneral
funeralceremonies.
ceremonies. So,every
Sorevery Muslim
Muslim
male
maleshould
shouldtry try his best to
hisbest futftl his
to tUlfll dut',,for
hisdut'/ for me deceased.
tnedeceased.

1.
l. Janazah
Janazah prayer
prayer should
shouldbebe prayed
prayed in
in congregation
congregation asthis
as thisis
is more
more
rewardful.
rewardful. !t
lt can
c,anbebe prayed
prayed inin more
morethan
thanone
onecongregation
congregation but
but
by different
by different people.
people.
2.
2. Janazah
Janazah prayershould
prayer shouldbe be offered
offeredin
in an
an open placebut
openplace but in
in case
case
of
of rain
rain or
or bad
bad weather
weatheror 0r any
any other reason
otherreason itit can
canbe prayed
be prayed
in
in aa mosque
mosque or
or aa hall
halletc.
etc.

3.
3 . WHILE
W H I L EPRAYING
P R A Y I N JANAZAH PRAYER
PRAYER
JGA N A Z A H

The
The Imam
lmamshould
shouldstand
standlevel levelwith with the
the head andshoulders
headand shouldersof
of
the
the dead
deadbody
body if the
the body
bodyis is male.
male.Imam
lmamshould
shouldstand levelwith
standlevel with
the
themiddle partof
middlepart of the
thebody female.
bodyifif itit isisaa female.

4.
4 . WHERE
W H E R JANAZAH
JEA N A Z A PRAYER
P R A Y E DIFFERS
H D
RIFFERS

Janazah
Janazah prayer
prayerisis only
onlyslightly
slightlydifferent
differentfrom
from other prayers
otherprayers in
in
that
that there
thereisis no
no ruku,
ruku,no
no sajdah,
sajdah, and
andno no Tashahud
Tashahud in it.
in Thereisis no
it. There no
fixed
fixedtime
time for
for,offering
offering this prayer.
thisprayer. Itlt has
hastoto be prayedin
beprayed in aa standing
standing
position
positiononly.
only. Other
0ther conditions
conditionslike purification,
like purification, facing 0iblah,
facingQiblah,
sutra,
sutra, dress
dress etc.
etc. have
have to
to be
be satisfied
satisfied as
as in
in the
the usual
usual prayers.
prayers.

5.
5 . CONDUCT
C O N D U COF
OTFJANAZAH
JANAZAH PRAYER
PRAYER

a.a. Like
Like other prayers
other prayers facing
facingQiblah
Oiblahisis aa necessary
necessary condition.
condition.The The
Imam
lmamshoul
shouldd ask
ask the peopleto
the people to straighten
straighten their rows.There
their rows. There
should
shouldbebean
anodd
oddnumber
number of
of rows
rowsas asitit isismore rewardful.
m0rerewardful.
b.
b. Making
Makingintention
intentionisis necessary
necessary in
in Janazah
Janazah prayeras
prayer necessary
asitit isisnec.essary
in
in other
other prayers.
prayers. Before
Beforebeginning
beginning prayerthe
prayer intentionshould
the intention should
56
56
 be made
be made inin the
the heart
heart as
as uttering
uttering any
any words
words of niyat aloud was
niyat aloud was not
not
the practice
the practice nf Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) oror of hishi~ comp'
comp-
anions.
anions.
c. FFIRST
I B S TTTAKBIR
A K B I ROORRTTAKBIR TAHRIMA.
A K B I FT AHBIMA.
Janazah prayer
Janazah contains 4
prayer contains
Takbirs. First
Takbim. First Takbir
Takbir is is Takbir Tahrima. The
Takbir Tahrima. The lmam
Imam sayssays Alldhu
Allahu
akbar and
akbar and raises
raises his
his hands
hands up up t0
to the shoulder level
the shoulder with fingers
level with fingers
stretching to the
stretching the earlobes
earlobes andand the c.ongregation doa
the congregation the same'
does the same.
Then the
Then the lmam
Imam folds
folds his
his hands
hands onon his chest right
his chest hand over
right hand over
lett.
the lgft.
the
d.. DU',A
d DU'A 0F OF STARTltrlG.
STARTING.
Du'a of Starting.
0u'6'of Starting. Then the person
Then the person can
can read
read one
one of those
those du'as
du'as
which are
which are recommended
recommended in in the first rakat
the first rakat of
of the usual prayer
the usual prayer
before recitation
before recitation of
of Fatihah.
Fatihah. For
For examplo'
examplo'
'4 1+
~
~"
tti: srr^t'i l;V; I )el$)t
~~~j~\8j~';,;j~;;~/j~\~~~
"
lit;.'i ..., ~ ".

"",g~"" ".\\",:-J/
~~~"""";'1.J
"izft.L,^I\,U
"SubfiEnaKa//ah
#Sub!}ana Kaltdh humma hamdikawa
wabi f}amdi
humma wabi ka wa tabara kasmuka
tabara kasmuka
wata 'ala jad'ouka
iata"dli wali il5ha
jad-duka wafS gh'ayruk."
ildha ghayruk."
"Glory be
"Glory be toto you.
you, 0 Allah,
Altah,and all praises
and all praises are
aredue
due unto you,
unto you,
and
and blessed
blessed isis your
your name
nameandand high your majesty
high isis your majestyand none
and none
;sisworthy
worthyofof worship
worship but
butyou."
you."
Or
0r hehe can
cansaysay other
otherdu'as.
du?s.Some
Somescholars
scholando do not recommend
not recommend
du
du'5'a of
of starting
startingin in Janazah prayerbut
Janazahprayer reading
but reading preferable.
it isis preferable.
However,
However, if someone
someone does
doesnot
not read
readit,it, it does
doesnotnot affect
affecthis
his
prayer.
prayer. Both
Bothways
waysare practised
arepractised by
by Muslim
Muslim scholars..
scholas..
e. Then
Thenthe theperson
person should
should say:-
say:-

~~
6tl;..1r
o~
jI
~JL~Uz;~
,...
.+\L:J\~~~;~\
6r +! \ ;fr
"'""", '\' -

oo j, "~11. \ ~,~~ l+!"

J)'-'.yj;', ".,i-3;l '"l" ,/ "
,;:T ~
"A'fiu
uA 'uiu bil-Iahi minashshaY!8
biHehi minash rajeem!'
shayg1nir rajeem:'
"Eismilldhhir-rahma
"Bismill5h nir-rafieem."
hir-rahnEnir-ral;eem"
and
andthen
thenhe
heshould
shouldrecite
recite surah Fatihah.
surahFatihah.

t i*v{^:tb;#r.r;i;rd ;i41it '>;S 3*6}i

i """" ryri-qtur;;6'# !tiui#5'56-I
,
t- 1a - ' -t / - . /
8 Jd)tt1;, N J#-i W L;1;l,6
3x,^i'J')rti W-
- cat'f
57
57
 "Alfamdu
"AIJ:1amdu lillehi rab-bil '6lameen.
lil-Iahi rab-hil 'alameen.
Ar
Ar rahma
ralt ma' n -ra
nir·raheem.
i r fieerfi.
Mefiki yawn1id:- deen.
Maliki yawmid deen.
Iyyaka na'budu
lyydka na'budu wa
iyyaka nasta'een.
iyyika nasta 'een.
IIhdina~ ~ira!al
hdi n ag gi rEgal m mustaqeem.
ust aqeem.
$irEgal ladheenaan'amta'alayhim.
Sirafalladheena an 'amta 'alayhim.
Ghayril maghdubi
Ghayril maghdUbi -_
'alayhim
'alayhim walaf,
wala{1 /dl-leen.
cjal-Ieen. Ameen."
Ameen."
""Praise
P r a i siises o
only
n l yffororA Allah,
l l a hL,Lord
ord
the Universe.
of the Universe.
The
T h emmosto s tkkind,
i n d ,tthe
h em most merciful.
o s tm erciful.
The
T h emmaster
a s t eo ofrf tthe
h eD Daya yo off JJudgment.
udgment.
Y alone
o ' .a
YOI; lonw we
e ew worship
o r s h iaand
pn dttoo yyou
o uaalone
lone
wee ppray
w r a yffor
orh help.
elp.
Show
S h o wu ussttheh esstraight way,
t r a i g hw ta y ,
h ew
tthe way a yo off tthose
h o s ew h o n yyou
whom r o uh have blessed.
a v eb lessed.
Who
Whohave havenot not deserved
deserved your
youranger,
anger,
Nor
N g o n eastray".
o rgone astray".

Some
Somepeople people do do not
not read
readsurah Fatihahin
surahFatihah Janazah
in Janazah prayer
prayer but but
~urah
surahFatihah
Fatihahisis necessary
necesary for
for the
the validity
validityof of any
anytypetypeof prayeras
of prayer as
Prophet
Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.)
(S.A.W.) has
hassaid that no
saidthat prayer
no prayer without
validwithout
isisvalid
surah
surahFatihah.
Fatihah.
Talhah
T a l h a hbin
b i n Abdullah
Abdullah bin
b i n Aouf ( R . A . )says
A o u f (R.A.) s a y sthat
t h a t he prayed
h e prayed the
the
Janazah
J a n a z aprayer
ph r a y e rbehind
b e h i n dAbdullah
A b d u l l a hbin
b i n Abbas ( R . A . )and
A b b a s(A.A.) Abdullah
a n d Abdullah
bin
bin Abbas
Abbas(R.A.)(R.A.) read readsurah
surahFatihah
Fatihahaloud. Afterwards
aloud.Afterwards he said:
he said:
"1
" l did
d i d read
r e a diti t out
o u t loud
l o u dsos o that y o u may
t h a t you k n o wthat
m a yknow t h a titi t isi s the
the
sunnah
s u n n aof
ohf Prophet
P r o p h eMuhammad (Sd.A.W.)."
Mt u h a m m a(S.A.W.)."
( Bu k h a r i ) .
(Bukhari).
fhis
Ihis hadith provesthat
hadithproves that reciting
reciting surah Fatihahisis necessary
surahFatihah necesary in
in
Janazah
Janazah prayer
prayer as
aswell.
well.

6 . RECITATION
6. RECITATIO ONFA SURAH
OF SUHAH

A chapter
chapter or partof
or part of aa chapter
r"naptercan
ran bebe read
readafter
afterthe
therecitation
recitation
of
ofsurah
surahratihah
Fatihah but
butitit isisnot
notessential
essentialto readit.
to read it.

7.I . SECOND
S E C O NTAKOIR
TDA K B I R

Then
T h e nthe
t h e Imam
l m a mshould
s h o u l dsay s a ythe
t h esecond
s e c o ntakbirtda k b i rand
a n dthe r.)ongreg-
t h econgreg-
ation
a t i o nshoulrl
s h o u l rfollow
fio l l o wbut
b u t iti t isi s not
n o t necessary
n e r e s s ato troyraise
r a i s the
t h ehands
e h a n dup
s pto
u t0
the
t h eshoulder
s h o u l d elevel
ler v ebut
l u t ifi f someone
b s o m e o ndoes,
deo e siti,t isi s alright.
a l r i g h tBoth
B. o t hways
w a y sare
are
practised
practised by greatulamas
bygreat ulamas and
andscholars.
scholars.

s8
58
8.
8 . AFTER
A F T E RTHE
T H ESECOND
S E C O NTAKBIR
TDA K B I R
After
After the
the second
sec.ond Takbir
Takbir the per$onpraying
the person prayingJanazah
Janazah should
should
reLite
reuitedarud
darid inin his
his heart.
heart.It preferable
lt isis preferable to read
to readthe dar0dwhich
the darud which
pers0n
aa person reads
reads in Tashahud
if! Tashahud of
of his
hisusual prayer.
usualprayer.

9.
9 . THIRD
T H I H DTAKBIR
TAKBIR
Then
Thenthe lmam~hould
the Imam shouldsay
saythethe third takbirand
thirdtakbir andthe
thec.ongregation
congregation
should
shouldfollow.
follow. Now,
Now, eac.h personshould
eachperson pray for
shouldpray the deceased.
for the deceased.
Alternatively
Alternatively the
the Imam
lmamtan prayout
canpray loudand
out loud thecongregation
andthe congregation
can
r.ansay;
say,Amin,
Amin,after
afterhim.
him. All
All kinds
kindsofof du'as for the
du'Bsfor benefitof
the benefit of the
the
deceased
deceased Lan
t.anbe
besaid.
said.Some
Someof theseare
of these arementioned
mentioned below.
below.

10.
1 0 . DU'A
D U ' AOF
O FJANAZAH
JANAZAH

a.a . Abu
A b u Hurairah (hR . A . )said
H u r a i r a(R.A.) s a i dthat
t h a t the
t h e Messenger orf Allah
M e s e n g eof (S.A.W')
A l l a h(S.A.W.)
prayed
prayedJanazah
Janazah of
of aa Mus\im
Muslimand andhe hesaid in his
saidin du? (the follow'
hisdu'a (the follow-
ing
i n gwords):
words):
,..
(j
I'"
~,~ ~ ~ *r~ u++;
-!.\.,/ \,; \ .... Li
- +;'r $vs(++
. .;.; \.
;'

(+-1
:w ~,/ \~_~
/;' .,
*,jfri
::. j>~'
....
"J~'l
y-vv
/"./

,/ .., ' ...... ,/.r;;-

;'.~/

- (, "/,; \ / "" /.'..1,;" ./ / ..".) ",/

~A.,o. _~ ~~ f-[Li,i
\:- - -,.;' 1 ~ . ;.. --.P. 1, \ \. \;.' \ \. ~..; \.:".' -('
\La'"t+=15 •• r\t$";;u;3;~!)
_U'-=AI ~'-.J~~-'
'l:-'"-t
./' ..... , ""...-
/' /"
\/.,. GZ
,.". ",,,

~ ri \':"~';.:i~j~~~\~~G
,a','-JJr:r'9"
~./- ,.n;+)tj"yl ,., ...
t-dJ
,* ,-/ ~

(M_~~~~~~8~~~1r
,{, -;i-J"u+ii7;'o-$ g}-;..:',.lH)i ~I~~~' q ;r- ! I
"Allahhum
"Allah hum maghfirli
maghfirli ~ay-yina
hay-yina wa mayyitina.wa
wa may-yitina. wa shahidina
shihidiniwa wa
gh6-ibinE,
gha-ibina, wa
wa sagheerina
sagheerinE wa kabeerinS'wa
wa kabeerina wa zakarina
iakarin-awa unthana,
waunthiinl,
'alal
Allah hummaman
Alleh humma man ahyaytahu
ahyaytahImlO-oa
mrn-ndfa la ahyihee isld'm.
ahyihee'alai islam.
wamantawaf-!aytahu
waman tawaf-faytahu min-na fatawaf-fahualai
min-na fatawaf-fahu alal iman.
iman.Allah
Allah
hummJ
humnraIii latahrimmi
tahrimna airah[wah~
ajrahu taftin-niba'dahii"
wal6taftin-na ba'dahil."
. (nhmad,
(Ahmad, Abu
Abu Dawlid,
Dawld,Tirmizi,
Tirmizi,Ibn lbn Majah).
Maiah).
"0 Allah,
Allah,forgive
forgiveour peoplewho
our people who are
arestill
still alive
aliveand
andwho who have
have
pasedaway,
passed av,Ey,forgive
forgivethose
thosewhowho are presenthere
arepresent hereandandthose
thosewho
who
are
areabsent,
absent, forgiveour
forgive youngand
our young andour
our elderlv,
elderly,forgive
forgiveourour males
males
and females.
and females.0 Allah,
Allah,thethe one
one whom
whom you 'sh to
you "r :sh to keep
keepalive
alive
from among
from amongus us make
makehim liveac.cording
hirnlive according to
to Is, n, and
ls. 11, andanyone
anyone
whomyou
whom you wish
wishtoto die
diefrom
fromamong
amongus,
us,let
let hi;n 0r'rin
him Ql1 in belief
beliefand
and
faith. 0 Allah,
faith. Allah,dodo not
not deprive
depriveus
us from
from his
his reward
rewardand and do
do not
not
put us
put us in fitna (hardship
in fitna {hardship or
or any
any type
type ofof trial)
trial}after
afterhis
hisdeath."
death."

b 4ouf bin
Aouf bin Malik (R.A.)said
Malik(R.A.) saidthat
that the
the Messenger
ft4essengerof
of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.)
prayedaa Janazah
prayed Janazah prayerand
prayer and I heard
heardhim
him saying
sayingthe
the following
following
du'dand
du'a memorisedit .
andI memorised
tlt.', '/.
r) jJf +i\s ,'rjj-Jn 6'aAti'i'r'liit'r;liffr
59
59
 ++ i H\):id-! t; i# V:4*V'aiL *'v ; t
U$iS+h\ At',#.1,.S.-r'eg;13UtSHtt 5^
t'i;Yri; +J fi; ,[L.u3ij Pri';ilirLrit3
3,x ; j&i \"t+ # 3'l'4 lrja;5 #j b
rfrrq\rtt
"Allah hum
"All6h hum maghfidahfr
maghfirtahu warhamh[ wa'fu 'inhu
warhamhti wa'fu wa 'dfihee
'anhu wa 'afihee wawa
akrim nuzulohI
akrim nuzulohu unwa was-sif
was-si' hudkhalah-u, waghsilhu bil
'mudkhalahu, waghsilhu bil m-aee
maee
wath thalji
thalji wal
wal bardi,
bardi, wa
wa naq-qihl-
naq-qihT minal 'khatdy1
minal 'khataya Kama yunaq'
Kama yunaq-
wath
qath thawbul
qath al)ya~u minad
thawbul abya{u minad danasi,
danasi, wa
wa abdilhu d3ran Khayram
abdilhu d6ran Khayram
min darihr-,
min darihT, wa
wa ahlan
ahlan Khayram
Khayram min
min ahlihTwa zawjan khayrum
ahlihi wa zawian khayrum min min
zawjihi, wa
zawiihi wa adkhil hul jan-nata,
adkhil hul jan-nata, waqihT fitnatal qabri
waqihT fitnatal qabri wa ' Aia
wa'Aia
ban ndr"'
ban nar."
(Muslim)
,Musrim)

"0 Allah,
Allah,forgive
forgivehim,
him, have
havemercy
mercyon him, pardon
on him, pardon him, grant
him,grant
him
him security, provide him
security,provide nice place
him a nice place andandspacious
spacious lodgings,
lodgings,
wash
washhim (off from
him (off from hishis sins)
sins)with
with water,
water,snowsnowand ice,purify
and ice, purify
him from his sins
him fromhissinsas as a white
white garment
garment is
is cleansed
cleansed from
from dirt,
dirt, replace
replace
his
his present
present abode
abodewith
with a better
betterone, replace
one,replace his present
his present family
family
with
with a better
betterone,
one,replace
replace his present
his present partnerwith
partner with a better
betterone,
one,
make
makehimhim enter
enterparadise
paradise and
andsave
sarehim
him from the trials
from the trialsof grave
of grave
and
andthe
thepunishment
punishment of
of hell."
hell."
c.
t. Abu
Abu Hurairah (R.A.l
Hurairah(R. A.) sa id that
said that the
the messenger
mssengerofof Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah(S.A.W.)
prayed
prayed and
andsaid:-
said:-
~ :. /1--: gr1
... '....., . . ~~ j'" a,v
i\i
~~ \& ) . . ,. "'\ . . t"\#I-
.J)~'..:J~O~~ i \#.jei$$
.... '.~,'/ ''''~~.''''/~'
~~->~,
~J.4~/,
"', , " ~,/ /'" / .>
"#\ J;jvtj,i ~
~\~G~.JJ l;i: +Y-;gt lL$55
3:i i ~\-,~~...}U/~~~~
r ".; ,/'
--:A.I~ / ,/ ""
l,^+.
c~· :.0'"
:J
\j~~~~
. ~i'lui4irii\'ii
~
if' ,""'"

[+ l|#Jciw? '/" .. ~-' ~

'1-;: "'U:"'_-'

(.JI_>~'.>J.I
prt -lrVtr )I

"Alleh humma anta

"Allah reb-buh| ",, wa
anta r3b-buha wa anta KhalaqtaltS,wa
anta Khalaqtaha, wa
anta
anta razaqtaha,
razagtahS, wa wa anta
anta hadaytaha
hadaytahE IiIlil islam, vw anta
islEm, VIla anta
qabacjta rilfiahl ,, wa
gaba{ta rD!)aha 'Iam~ bisir-riha
anta aa'lamu
wo anta bislr-rihi wa wa ~/a niy-
hlE niy-
'banu""
yatiha, ii n~
yatiie, ji ni shufa'a'a,
shuia'a'a,faghfir lah} Zan
faghfir lahu Lan-banu
(Abu
Abu DawiJd, Ahmad).
Daw0d, Ahmad).
"0 Allah,
"0 you are
Allah,you areits
its Lord, you have
Lord,you havecreated
created it,
it, and
andvou
vouhave
have
guideditit towards
guided toramrds lslam,and
Islam, andyouyou have
havetaken
takenout his soul
outhis soufand
and
you know
you knowbestbestabout
aboutits
itssecret
secretand
andopen
opendeeds.
deeds. We
we have
havecome
come
as
asintercessors,
intercesors. so
soforgive
forqive him."
hi0.':
- r
60
60
 One thing
One thing wewe can
can see clearly from
see clearly from the
the obovo mentioned hadiths
above mentioned haditM
that every
that every companion
companion wtro who narrated
narrated ilothe duT Janazah prayer
du'i of Janazah prayer
says that
rays that hehe heard
heard the Prophet (S.AW.I
the Prophet (S.A.W.) $ying
saying fio words of
the words of dut
du'i
in Janazah prayer.
in Janazah This prores
prayer. Thir proves that
that ths
the Mosssngor Allah (S.A,W.!
M. .nger of Allsh (S.A.W.)
used to say
used say the Janazah prayer
the Janazah prayer oror at least the
at least du'is in
the duB Janazah prayor
in Janazah prayer
aloud. Therefore,
aloud. Therefore, there
there should
should notnot bs any objection
be any objection or confusion if
or confusion
the lmam
the Imam recites
recites aloud
aloud in Janazah Prayer.
in Janazah Prayer.
There are
There are $ome
some other du'is which
other du'is which areare narrated from Prophet
narrated from Prophet
Muhammad (S.A.W.)and
Muhammad (S.A.W.)and they can be
they can be found
found in in Hadith
Hadith Books.
Books. All
All
of these
of these du?s
du'is cancan bebe said
said together
together or individually. 0ther
or individually. Other duft
du'is can
can
be said
be said with
with thesa
these dutr but it is
du'is but is better
better to stick to
to stick to duE
du'is approved
approved
by Prophet (S.A.W.}.
by Prophet (S.A.W.).
ENDING THE
c H EJJANAZAH
E r { o t ] {T P
A i l A Z A PRAYER (R
F 0 URTH
H R A Y E(FO U R T HT
TAKBIR)·
AKBtRI.
Then
Thenthethe Ilrnam
mam should
shoufdsay the fourth
saythe fourthtakbir andthe
trkbir and fie congreg-
congngl
ation
ationshould follorru
shouldfollow and
andafter that the
afterthat tre Imam
lmamshould
shouldsay
ray "As-alimu
"Ar*ali'mu
'alaykum
'alaykum yvarafmatul-16h"
wa ra~matul·lih" turning
turninghis faceto
hisface to the ri$t tim
theright firt and
rndthen
thsn
to
to the
theleft; andthe
left;and thecongregation
congregation should
should do
dothe
thosame.
$mB.
Ilote:- Somepeople
Note:- Some people stress
stress aa lot onsaying
lot on saying du& after
du'. aftsrthe
thscompletion
completion
of Janazah
of Janazah prayer
prayer but
but we
we did
did not
not find
find aa single
ringlehadith lupp~rting
hadithruppgrting
this
$is idea. Janazah
idea.Janazah prayerisis designed
prayer designed so
so that
that all
all the
dto du. poron
dub aa person
uyants
wants t0 say
to for the
sayfor dececedcan
the deceased be said
canbe nid after
afbr the
fie third
ftird mkbir.
bkbir.
This was
This the authentic
wasthe pnctice of
authenticpractice of Prophet
ProphetMuhammad (S.AW.}
Muhrmmrd(S.A.W.)
andhiS
and hn companions.
compantons.

PRAYER
PRAYEB DURING JOURNEY
DURIilGA JO URTEY
Islam practical
lslamisis aa practical way
way of lite and
of life andconsiders tre situations
corsidenthe in
rituatior in
which
which its it followers
follorwn may
mayface difficulties.
facedifficulties. So Allah
So Allahh. the
madethe
hc made
things
thinp easyemyfor for the
the believers
believen in suclLsituations.
in such.situatiom. Included
Included in th_
in ths$
facilities
facilities isis the permision
thepermission for
for shortening
shortening andcombining
and combining daily prayoll
dailyprayers
during
during joumey.
aa journey.
1.
I. QASR
OASR PRAYER
PRAYER (SHORT
(SHORT PRAYERI.
PRAYER).
's a journey he should pray raks6far~
When
Whenaa Muslim
Muslimis onon a iournoyhe shouldprry 2 rakats far{ for
for
Zuhr, Per and
Zuhr, lcr and Isha.
lsha. Fajr
Fair and
and maghrib
m4hrib prayers
Prayg6 remoinc
remain. they
they rre.
are.
2. IT
2. IT IS
IS MORE
]TOREREWARDFUl
REWARDFUL TO PBAYA QASR
TO PRAY PBAYER
OASRPRAYER
($HORT
(SHORT PRAYER)
PRAYERI
It isis more
morerewardful
rervardfulto prayaa Qasr
to pray Prayer
0asrPrayer while onaa journey.
wtrileon iournoy.
The
TheMessenger
Ms$snger of
of Allah (S.AW.)said:
Allah(S.A.W.) said:"It gift from
"lt ish aa gift Allrh which
fromAllah h'hhh
he
hshas
hc bestowed
bectornd u~on you;t0you
uponyou;so youshould accept
rhouldaccept it."
it."
(tttrsliml.
(Muslim).
61
61
3 . COMBINING
3. C O M B I N I NPRAYERS.
PGR A Y E R S .
personon
A person on aa journey
journey can cancombine
combineZuhr Zuhrand andAsr prayers
Asr prayers to-
t0-
gether prayingthem
getherpraying themboth bothat Zuhror
at Zuhr Asrtime.
or Asr time.He Hecan canalsoalsocombine
combine
Maghrib
Maghriband and Isha prayers
lshaprayers together prayingthem
togetherpraying them both both at at Maghrib
Maghrib
or
o r Isha
l s h atime.
time.
Ibn
lbn Abbas (R.A.)sa'ys
Abbas(R.A.) saysthatthat the Mesenger
the Messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah (S.A.W.)
used
usedto to combine
combineZuhr Zuhrand and Asr
Asr together
together when
whenhe he waswason on aa journey
journey
and
andalso
alsohe heused
usedtoto combine
combine Maghrib
Maghrib and lsha.
andIsha.
(Bukharii.
(Bukhari).
Mu/az (R.A.)says
Mu'62(R.A.) saysthat that the
the Messenger
Messenger of
of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah (S.A.W.) was
was
on aa journey
on journey for for the
the Battle
Battleof Tabook.If
of Tabook. lf the
the sun sunhad hadalready
already de-
de-
clined
clinedwhen when he lre wanted
wantedto t0 start
starthishis journey
journey after afterhaving
havingcamped
camped
somewhere,
somewhere, he
he would
would combine
combinehis Zuhr an"d
his Zuhr and Asr prayers
fur prayers together
together
and praythem
and pray themboth
bothat at Zuhr
Zuhrtimet
time,and andif hehe decided
decided to move
to movebeforebefore
the
the sun
sun had had declined
declined then
thenhe he delayed
delayed the
the Zuh
Zuhr prayerand
r prayer prayed
andprayed
it combined
cornbined with
with Asr prayerat
fur prayer at Asr
Asrtime.
time.And
And if the thesun sunhadhadalready
already
set
set when
whenhe he wanted
wantedto t0 move
movehe wouldcombine
he would combineMaghrib Maghrib and
and Ishalsha
together
together at
at Maghrib
Maghrib time.
time.And And if the
thesun hadnot
sunhad notset whenhe
setwhen hewanted
wanted
to
t o move
m o v ehe h ewould
w o u l ddelay M a g h r iand
d e l a yMaghrib p r a yit
abn dpray w i t h Isha
i t with l s h aat
a t Isha
l s h atime.
time.
( A b uDawud,
(Abu D a w i l dTirmizi).
T, i r m i z i ) .
These
Thesehadiths
hadithsare very clear
arevery clearin their
in thei meaning
r meaning and provethat
andprove that
combining
combining prayers
prayerswhile
while on 0n aa journey
journey isis aa proved provedand and aa regular
regular
practice
p r a c t i cof
oef Prophpt
P r o p h eMuhammad
M (S d . A . W .Still,
t u h a m m a(S.A.W.). S) .t i l lthere
, t h e rare p e o p lwho
aer epeople e ho
w
do
do notnot believe
believe in
in combining
combining prayers
prayers together
together whilethey
while theyare travel-
aretravel-
ling.
ling, However,
However, this gift from
this isis aa gift from Allah whichthe
Allahwhich believers
the believers should
should
accept
accept gratefully
gratefully ard
and if someone
someone wants
wants to
to reject
reject Allah's
Allah's and
and his
his
Messenger's
Mesenger's offer
offerit isisup
upto to him.
him.

4.
4 . WHEN
WHEN TO
T OSHORTEN
S H O R T EAND
ANN DCOMBINE
C O M B I NPRAYERS.
PEB A Y E R S .

Now,there
Now, thereisis the question
the question ~
m to to what
what isis the
the limiting
limitingdistance
distance
and
a n d the
t h e duration
d u r a t i o nof t h e jjourney
o f the o u r n e yto
t o make
m a k ethe
t h e facility
f a c i l i t yof
o f Qasr
O a s and
r nd
a
Jama
Jamavalid.
valid.
a.a . Yahya
Y a h y abin Y a z e esaid,
b i n Yazeed " l asked
sda i d ,"I a s k e dAnas
A n a sbin
b i n Malik ( H . A . )when
M a l i k(R.A.) when
the
the Qasr
Oasr prayer
prayer was allowed."
wasallowed." A.nas
Anas (R.A.)
(R.A.) answered
answered that
that the
the
Messenger
Mesengerof of Allah (S.A.W.)
Allah (S.A.W.) whenever
whenever he
he went
went away awayaboutabout
3 miles
mileshe prayed
heprayed Oasr.
Gasr.
( M u s l i mAhmad,
(Muslim, A,h m a dAbu
A, b uDawud,
D a w f d Baihaqi).
B, aihaqi).
b. A b u Sa/eed
b . Abu ( R . A . )says
S a ' e e d(R.A.) s a y sthat
t h a t whenever
w h e n e v eRasulullah (hS . A . W . l
Rr a s u l u l l a(S.A.W.)
t r a v e l l eabout
travelled adb o u t1 farsakh
f a r s a kapproximately
ahp p r o x i m a t e3 l miles,
y i l e she
m h, ewould
w o u l dpray
pray
Qasr.
0asr.
(Talkhee
(Talkhees l bsnHajr).
Ibn Hair).
0 n the
On t h ebasis
b a s iofs f these
o t h e s ehadiths p e r s ocan
h a d i t haas person cna npray
p r a yQasr
0 a sand ar n dcan
can
per a y e rwhen
c o r n b i nprayers
combine ws h e nthe
t h e distance
d i s t a n chehee travels
t r a v e laway
asw a yfrom
f r o mhomehome
isi s 3 miles.
m i l e sThis
T. h i sdistance
d i s t a n cisies the
t h e minimum
m i n i m u mlimit
f i m i tfor
f o r Qasr p
r rayer.
O a s prayer.
H o w e v e rthere
However, t ,h e r eare
a r e many
m a n yvaried
v a r i e dopinions
o p i n i o n on s0 n the
t h e minimum
minimum
l i m i tof
limit o f the
t h edistance'
d i s t a n cfor
e ' fexample
eoxr a m p 9 m i l e s48
lI e,lliles, . 4 miles
8 i l e sor
m 0 r one
o n eday's
day's
62
62
 journey
journey etc.
etc.
In
I n our
o u r opinion
o p i n i o nthe
t h e correct
o o r r e cdefinition
dt e f i n i t i n of
n f aa journey
o what
i o u r n e yisi s what
the
the society
societyas as aa whole
wholerecognises
reCognises urlder
utrdettheirtheirc.ircUlllstances,
circurttstances,
the
t h eminimum
minimum limit
l i m i tbeing
b e i n 3g
3 miles.
miles.

5.
5 . DURATION
D U B A T I O OF
l FJOURNEY
iO J OU R N E Y

A person
personcan can pray pray Qasr
Oasrandand combine
combinehis prayersfor
his prayers' for as long
aslong
as he remains
ashe remains on
on a a journey,
journey, whether
whether it
it takp.s
takes weeks,
weeks, months
months or
or yearu.
years.
Even
Evenifif he
hestays
staysput put in in one
oneplace
placeto to fulfil
fulfil the purpose
the purpose of
of his
hisjourney
iourney
he
he cancancontinue
continueto to pray
prayQasr
Oasrand and combine
combinehis prayers.
his prayers. However,
However,
ifif he
he intended
intended to
t0 stay
stayin in aa place
placeforfor aa fixed numberof
fixednumber of days then
daysthen
the
t h eopinions
o p i n i o ndiffer
dsi f f e ron
o n how
h o wlong
l o n ghe
h ecan g 0on
c a ngo o ncombining agn dshorten-
c o m b i n i nand shorten"
ing
inghis
hisprayers,
prayers, e.g.
e.g.4 4 days,
days, 10
10days,
days,17days,
lTdays, 18 daysetc..
18days etc.
Aft~r
Aftsrrta careflll
careful study
studyof of hadiths
hadiths we
we cancansay
saythat whensomeone
that when s0meone
stays
staysin in aa fixed
fixedplace
placetemporarily
telnporarily he
hewould
wouldbe beconsidered
considered traveller
aa traveller
on journey,
on aa journey, and
andthere thereisis nono limit
limit onon the
the number
nunrber of dayshe
of days cart
he can
prayHaST
pray Oasr and
andcombine
combine his prayers.
hisprayers.

6.
6 . NAFL
N A F LPRAYER
P R A Y E ON
R NAJOURNEY
O AJOURNEY

Prophet (S.A.W.)
Prophet(S.A.W.) always
alwaysoffered
offeredWitr prayerduring
Witr prayer his journey
duringhis journey
and
andheheexmphasized
exmphasized and
andexpressed
expressed the
the importance
importance of
of 2 rakat
rakatsunnat
sunnat
of the
of Fajrprayer.
the Fajr prayer.Therefore,
Therefore, the
the believers
believers shouldpray
should pray these,
these, while
while
journey.
o naa journey.
on
Butwhat
But whatabout anyother
aboutany othernafl
nafland
andsunnat prayer?
sunnatprayer?
The followinghadith
Thefollowing hadithanswers
answers this question.
thisquestion.
H a f sbin
Hafs b i n Asim
f u i m says,
s a y s"1 ", l accompanied
a c c o m p a n iAbdullah
Aebdd u l l ab bin
hi n U Umar (R.A.)
m a r(R.A.)
j o u r n e to
o n aa journey
on yt o Makkah.
M a k k a hOn . 0 nthe
t h e way
w a yto
t 0 Makkah
Makkah hee led
l e duuss iinn tthe
he
Zuhr
Zuh prayeran
r prayer and offered2 rakats.
d offered rakats.ThenThenhe he went
went to to sitsit in his tent.
in his tent.
He saw
He sawsomesomepeople peoplepraying
prayingand and asked
askedme me what
whatthey were doing.
they were doing.
'They p r a y i n gnafl',
a r e praying
T h e y are n a f l ' ,said
s a i dI.l . Then
T h e nh
hee said,
s a i d ,'If' l f lIccould
ould p pray
r a yn nafl
afl
thenI should
then shouldhave prayedthe
haveprayed the complete
complete fardprayer.'Then
farq prayer.' Then he
he contin-
contin-
'l accompanied
ued,'I accompanied
ued, the Messenger
the Messenger of Allah on
of Allah on i, (. journey.
journey. He He did did
not prayduring
not pray duringhis travelsmore
his travels morethan than2 rakats.
rakats. Then
Then I accompanied
accompanied
Abu Bakr,
Abu Bakr,Umar Umarand and Uthman
Uthmanand and they
thev did the same
did the same as as Pr.ophet
Prophet
Muhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.}'.
(S.A.W.)'. ThereISF a good
There good example
examplefor for youyou in in thethe
practice
practice of Prophet
of PropherMuhammad
Muhammad (S.A.W.).
{S.A.W.).',J)

((Bukhari).
Bukharil.
Thereare
There aresome
someother
otherhadiths which prove
hadiths which prove that some of the
that some the com-
com-
panions
panions used to pray
usedto pray nafls
nafls during their journey.
during thelr journey. lt is better
It is not t0
better not to
praynafls
pray naflswhile
whiletravelling
travellingbut if you
but you stay somewhere and
stay somewhere and have
have time
time
youmay
you doso.
maydo so.

••
o t ••
o l ••
o o ••
lt ••
a o ••
1 0 l••
c ••o o••l
o

6
633
.,..
~t~~~
e#Jf i)tualhra
rLj~..1\~
rL:.-1" $ J*
+tfE),t-€fu
~t~~~
# tI

~~~4Ut~
IT

pfu9a1J.cAltl 6'J';'e