STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN

FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

DESIGN OF TRUSS

A. LIVE LOAD
ROOFING LIVE LOAD= 1KPa x Tributary Area
= 1KPa x 3m x 20.4m
= 61.2 KN/14
= 4.37 KN
B. DEAD LOAD
PURLINS WEIGHT = 4.2 kg/m (9.81m/s2)(20.4m)
G.I. RIB (6 mm Thick) = 57.5Pa x 3m x 20.4m
TRUSSES (58.79m) = ¾(47.853+15.6959(58.79m)
TOTAL SUM = 5087.482N/14
= 363.392N or 0.3634KN
C. WIND LOAD
ROOF WIND LOAD = 2.1807KPa x 3m x 10.45m
= 68.365 KN/7
= 9.77 KN
D. TRUSS LOADINGS

TOP CHORD
RESULTS :
LOAD COMBINATION : (U=W+D+L)
WIND LOAD LIVE LOAD DEAD LOAD
MEMBERS NATURE AXIAL FORCE
( KN ) ( KN ) ( KN )
AB 4.87 10.19 0.84 T 15.90
BC 16.58 57.48 4.78 C 78.84
CD 39.08 69.56 5.78 C 114.42
DE 49.75 69.94 5.82 C 125.51
EF 55.98 65.93 5.48 C 127.39
FG 60.06 59.81 4.97 C 124.84
GH 62.95 52.51 4.37 C 119.83

BOTTOM CHORD
RESULTS :
LOAD COMBINATION : (U=W+D+L)
WIND LOAD LIVE LOAD DEAD LOAD
MEMBERS NATURE AXIAL FORCE
( KN ) ( KN ) ( KN )
AO 9.53 9.91 0.82 C 20.26
ON 9.53 9.91 0.82 C 20.26
NM 1.87 67.92 5.65 T 75.44
ML 14.31 68.29 5.68 T 88.28
LK 15.19 64.38 5.35 T 84.92
KJ 11.73 58.41 4.86 T 75.00
JI 6.18 51.27 4.26 T 61.71
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

DIAGONAL & VERTICAL

RESULTS :
LOAD COMBINATION : (U=W+D+L)
WIND LOAD LIVE LOAD DEAD LOAD
MEMBERS NATURE AXIAL FORCE
( KN ) ( KN ) ( KN )
BO 8.73 30.59 2.54 C 41.87
BN 11.58 67.06 5.58 T 84.22
CN 2.01 11.65 0.97 C 14.63
CM 13.38 12.69 1.05 T 27.12
DM 4.94 4.69 0.39 C 10.02
DL 1.03 0.44 0.04 T 1.51
EL 0.54 0.23 0.02 C 0.79
EK 4.52 5.10 0.42 C 10.04
FK 2.90 3.28 1.05 T 7.23
FJ 8.09 8.71 0.72 C 17.52
GJ 5.88 6.33 0.53 T 12.74
GI 10.92 11.58 0.96 C 23.46
HI 27.12 18.25 1.49 T 46.86

E. TOP CHORD
A. Maximum Axial Load (127.39KN)
Panel Length = 1.49m, K=1
L75 x 75 x 8
Properties:
W = 9.00kg/m
A = 1147mm2
Ix = Iy =588.74x103 mm4
H = 75mm
Y1 = 21.3mm
Y2 = 53.7mm

1. Double Angle (Gusset Plate = 10mm)

A’ = 2 x 1147 =2,294 mm2
I’x = 2(588.74 x103) = 1,177,480 mm4
1,177,480
r’x = √ = 22.66
2,294
I’y = 2(588740 + 1147(21.3+5)2 = 2,764,217 mm4
2,764,217
r’y = √ = 34.71
2,294
Use rmin = 22.66
2. Local Buckling (Fy=248MPa)
b=75mm, t=8mm
b/t = 75/8 = 9.375
H = 200, H/√𝐹𝑦 = 200/√248 = 12.7
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING
𝑏 𝐻
 Since 𝑡 < , the combination can fully develop compression stress.
√𝐹𝑦

2𝜋2 𝐸 2𝜋2 (200,000)

Cc = √ =√ = 126.17
𝐹𝑦 248

𝐾𝐿 1(1490)
𝑟
= = 65.76 < Cc
22.66

 Since KL/r < Cc

𝐾𝐿 𝐾𝐿 3
5 3(
𝑟
) (
𝑟
) 5 3(65.76) (65.76)3
FS = 3 + - = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8(126.17)3 = 1.844
8Cc 8Cc3
𝐾𝐿
( )2 𝐹𝑦
𝑟
Fa = [1- ]( 𝐹𝑆 )
2Cc2
(65.76)2 248
Fa = [1-2(126.17)2] 1.844 = 116.22 MPa
P=Fa x A = 116.22(2,294)
P=266608.68N or 266.61KN
 266.61KN > 127.39KN OK!
The section is adequate

B. Weld Connection
Considering One Member Only
P = 127.39/2 = 63.695KN
5mm fillet weld with E60 Electrode
Fu = 425MPa for E60 Electrode
1. Allowable shear on effective area of
weld:
Fv = 0.3Fu = 0.3(425) = 127.5MPa
2. Allowable shear on base metal: (A501 steel, Fy=248MPa)
Fv=0.4Fy = 0.4(248) = 99.2MPa
 Based on weld metal shear
P = 0.707tLFV ; 63,695N = 0.707(5mm)(L)(127.5MPa)
L = 141.32mm
 Based on metal shear
P = AvFv ; Av= t x L
63695N = 5mm(L)(99.2MPa)
L = 128.42mm
Use L = 141.32mm
3. For balanced condition:
[L1Y1=L2Y2] L1(21.3) = L2(53.7)
L1 = 2.52L2
[L = L1 + L2] 141.32 = 2.52L2 + L2
L2 = 40.15mm
L1 = 101.178mm
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

F. BOTTOM CHORD
A. Maximum Axial Load (88.28KN)
Panel Length = 1.5m, K=1
L75 x 75 x 8
Properties:
W = 9.00kg/m
A = 1147mm2
Ix = Iy =588.74x103 mm4
H = 75mm
Y1 = 21.3mm
Y2 = 53.7mm

1. Double Angle (Gusset Plate = 10mm)

A’ = 2 x 1147 =2,294 mm2
I’x = 2(588.74 x103) = 1,177,480 mm4
1,177,480
r’x = √ 2,294
= 22.66
I’y = 2(588740 + 1147(21.3+5)2 = 2,764,217 mm4
2,764,217
r’y = √ 2,294
= 34.71
Use rmin = 22.66
2. Local Buckling (Fy=248MPa)
b=75mm, t=8mm
b/t = 75/8 = 9.375
H = 200, H/√𝐹𝑦 = 200/√248 = 12.7
𝑏 𝐻
 Since 𝑡 < , the combination can fully develop compression stress.
√𝐹𝑦

2𝜋2 𝐸 2𝜋2 (200,000)

Cc = √ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 126.17

𝐾𝐿 1(1500)
𝑟
= = 66.2 < Cc
22.66

 Since KL/r < Cc

𝐾𝐿 𝐾𝐿 3
5 3(
𝑟
) (
𝑟
) 5 3(66.2) (66.2)3
FS = 3 + - = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8(126.17)3 = 1.845
8Cc 8Cc3
𝐾𝐿
( )2 𝐹𝑦
𝑟
Fa = [1- ]( 𝐹𝑆 )
2Cc2
(66.2)2 248
Fa = [1-2(126.17)2] 1.845 = 115.92MPa
P=Fa x A = 115.92(2,294)
P=265,920.48N or 265.92KN
 265.92KN > 88.28KN OK!
The section is adequate
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

C. Weld Connection
Considering One Member Only
P = 88.28/2 = 44.14KN
5mm fillet weld with E60 Electrode
Fu = 425MPa for E60 Electrode
1. Allowable shear on effective area of
weld:
Fv = 0.3Fu = 0.3(425) = 127.5MPa
2. Allowable shear on base metal: (A501 steel, Fy=248MPa)
Fv=0.4Fy = 0.4(248) = 99.2MPa
 Based on weld metal shear
P = 0.707tLFV ; 44,140N = 0.707(5mm)(L)(127.5MPa)
L = 97.93mm
 Based on metal shear
P = AvFv ; Av= t x L
44,140N = 5mm(L)(99.2MPa)
L = 88.99mm
Use L = 97.93mm
3. For balanced condition:
[L1Y1=L2Y2] L1(21.3) = L2(53.7)
L1 = 2.52L2
[L = L1 + L2] 97.93 = 2.52L2 + L2
L2 = 27.82mm
L1 = 70.11mm

G. VERTICAL CHORD
A. Maximum Axial Load (46.86KN)
Panel Length = 2.25m, K=1
L75 x 75 x 8
Properties:
W = 9.00kg/m
A = 1147mm2
Ix = Iy =588.74x103 mm4
H = 75mm
Y1 = 21.3mm
Y2 = 53.7mm
rx = r’y = rmin = 22.66

1. Local Buckling (Fy=248MPa)

b=75mm, t=8mm
b/t = 75/8 = 9.375
H = 200, H/√𝐹𝑦 = 200/√248 = 12.7
𝑏 𝐻
 Since 𝑡 < , the combination can fully develop compression stress.
√𝐹𝑦
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

2𝜋2 𝐸 2𝜋2 (200,000)

Cc = √ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 126.17

𝐾𝐿 1(2250)
𝑟
= = 99.29 < Cc
22.66

 Since KL/r < Cc

𝐾𝐿 𝐾𝐿 3
5 3(
𝑟
) (
𝑟
) 5 3(99.29) (99.29)3
FS = 3 + - = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8(126.17)3 = 1.901
8Cc 8Cc3
𝐾𝐿
( )2 𝐹𝑦
𝑟
Fa = [1- ]( 𝐹𝑆 )
2Cc2
(99.29)2 248
Fa = [1-2(126.17)2] 1.901 = 90.06MPa
P=Fa x A = 90.06(1,147)
P=103300.715N or 103.301KN
 103.301KN > 46.86KN OK!
The section is adequate

B. Weld Connection
Considering One Member Only
P = 46.86KN
5mm fillet weld with E60 Electrode
Fu = 425MPa for E60 Electrode
1. Allowable shear on effective area of weld:
Fv = 0.3Fu = 0.3(425) = 127.5MPa
2. Allowable shear on base metal: (A501 steel,
Fy=248MPa)
Fv=0.4Fy = 0.4(248) = 99.2MPa
 Based on weld metal shear
P = 0.707tLFV ; 46,860N = 0.707(5mm)(L)(127.5MPa)
L = 103.97mm
 Based on metal shear
P = AvFv ; Av= t x L
46,860N = 5mm(L)(99.2MPa)
L = 94.48mm
Use L = 103.97mm
3. For balanced condition:
[L1Y1=L2Y2] L1(21.3) = L2(53.7)
L1 = 2.52L2
[L = L1 + L2] 103.97 = 2.52L2 + L2
L2 = 29.54mm
L1 = 74.44mm

H. DIAGONAL CHORD
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

A. Maximum Axial Load (84.22KN)

Panel Length = 1.52m, K=1
L75 x 75 x 8
Properties:
W = 9.00kg/m
A = 1147mm2
Ix = Iy =588.74x103 mm4
H = 75mm
Y1 = 21.3mm
Y2 = 53.7mm
rx = r’y = rmin = 22.66
1. Local Buckling (Fy=248MPa)
b=75mm, t=8mm
b/t = 75/8 = 9.375
H = 200, H/√𝐹𝑦 = 200/√248 = 12.7
𝑏 𝐻
 Since 𝑡 < , the combination can fully develop compression stress.
√𝐹𝑦

2𝜋2 𝐸 2𝜋2 (200,000)

Cc = √ 𝐹𝑦
=√ 248
= 126.17

𝐾𝐿 1(1520)
𝑟
= = 67.08 < Cc
22.66

 Since KL/r < Cc

𝐾𝐿 𝐾𝐿 3
5 3(
𝑟
) (
𝑟
) 5 3(67.08) (67.08)3
FS = 3 + - = 3 + 8(126.17) - 8(126.17)3 = 1.847
8Cc 8Cc3
𝐾𝐿
( )2 𝐹𝑦
𝑟
Fa = [1- ]( 𝐹𝑆 )
2Cc2
(67.08)2 248
Fa = [1-2(126.17)2] 1.847 = 115.30MPa
P=Fa x A = 115.30(1,147)
P=132243.07N or 132.243KN
 132.243KN > 84.22KN OK!
The section is adequate

C. Weld Connection
Considering One Member Only
P = 84.22KN
5mm fillet weld with E60 Electrode
Fu = 425MPa for E60 Electrode
1. Allowable shear on effective area of weld:
Fv = 0.3Fu = 0.3(425) = 127.5MPa
2. Allowable shear on base metal: (A501 steel,
Fy=248MPa)
Fv=0.4Fy = 0.4(248) = 99.2MPa
 Based on weld metal shear
P = 0.707tLFV ; 84,220N = 0.707(5mm)(L)(127.5MPa)
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN
FOR THE PROPOSED THREE-STOREY SCHOOL BUILDING

L = 186.86mm
 Based on metal shear
P = AvFv ; Av= t x L
84,220N = 5mm(L)(99.2MPa)
L = 169.80mm
Use L = 186.86mm
3. For balanced condition:
[L1Y1=L2Y2] L1(21.3) = L2(53.7)
L1 = 2.52L2
[L = L1 + L2] 186.86 = 2.52L2 + L2
L2 = 53.09mm
L1 = 133.79mm