International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET)

(IJM
Volume 9, Issue 12, December 2018,
201 pp. 51–57, Article ID: IJMET_09_12_007
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=9&IType=12
ISSN Print: 0976-6340
6340 and ISSN Online: 0976-6359
0976

© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed

LOCAL INTELLIGENT ENERGY

ENERGY SYSTEMS
BASED ON GAS MICROTURBINES
MICROTURBINES WITH
HIGH-SPEED
SPEED ELECTRIC GENERATORS
GENERATORS
Pavel Grigorievich Kolpakhchyan,
Kolpakh Alexey Revkatovich Shaikhiev, Boris Mikhailovich
Goltsman Andrey Sergeevich Oshchepkov
Goltsman,
Rostov State Transport University (RSTU),
( 2,
Rostovskogo Strelkovogo Polka Narodnogo Opolcheniya Sq.,
Sq.
Rostov-on-Don, 344038, Russia

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the article is to develop a schematic solution for the creation of a
local intellectual energy system for power supply to consumers of TechnoEcopark
TechnoEcopark of
the Rostov Region on the basis of using distributed generation facilities, including
environmentally friendly renewable energy sources, network infrastructure and
consumers with regulated and unregulated load.
The urgency of the problem is duedue to the fact that the share of energy received
from renewable sources and low-power
low power plants is increasing at present. Energy
generation becomes distributed, having a significant number of sources operating in
the cogeneration mode. Therefore, the article discusses the construction of an energy
system from heterogeneous, distributed energy sources and the search for increasing
its efficiency.
The leading method to the study of this problem is the application of an intelligent
control system for the generation,
generation, distribution and consumption of energy in an
autonomous power system based on a mini CCP C P plant, which makes it possible to
identify the main regularities of the optimal distribution of energy flows in an
autonomous energy system. It is substantiated that that the installation of its own mini-
mini
CСP P will allow to solve a number of tasks for supplying Technopark
echnopark facilities with
various types of energy. The main advantage of this solution is a significant reduction
in the cost of consumed electricity, tk. generation
generation of electricity is cheaper than
network tariffs. The described energy system of the Technopark
Technopark can be considered as
an example of the integration of diverse energy sources and consumers into a unified
energy system.
The article suggests mechanisms for increasing
increasing the efficiency of the energy system.
These mechanisms provide the opportunity to provide services for the connection and
transmission of electrical and heat energy from its own sources to the consumer with
the possibility of returning the generated
generated excess energy to the centralized network.

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IJMET/index.asp 51 editor@iaeme.com
Pavel Grigorievich Kolpakhchyan, Alexey Revkatovich Shaikhiev, Boris Mikhailovich Goltsman and
Andrey Sergeevich Oshchepkov

The materials of the article can be useful for specialists engaged in researching
the processes of generation and distribution of energy in autonomous energy supply
systems.
Keywords: Autonomous Power Supply System, Smart Grid, Electricity Generation
Control, Renewable Energy Sources, Mini-CCP, Gas Microturbine.

Cite this Article: Pavel Grigorievich Kolpakhchyan, Alexey Revkatovich Shaikhiev,

Boris Mikhailovich Goltsman and Andrey Sergeevich Oshchepkov, Local Intelligent
Energy Systems Based on Gas Microturbines with High-Speed Electric Generators,
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(12), 2018, pp.
51–57.
http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=9&IType=12

1. INTRODUCTION
One of the areas of energy development is now a growing interest in distributed energy
systems. The rising cost of energy and other resources is largely due to a decrease in the
growth potential of centralized resources supply systems, especially electrical and thermal
energy. Lack of competition, a large inertia of centralized systems is not sufficient to satisfy
the ever-growing interest in energy and other resources. Therefore, in recent years a
significant number of consumers became urgent transition from centralized power to the
development of stand-alone and distributed power generation. Also, develop the local power
supply system, which are able to compete with the centralized energy due to the reduction of
the distance between sources of energy and consumers, which greatly reduces the cost of
transportation of energy, and, consequently, its cost.
The amount of energy obtained from renewable sources is a noticeable amount in the
energy balance of most countries. Therefore, the generation of thermal and electrical energy
becomes distributed, into which a significant number of sources operating in cogeneration
mode are integrated. To take full advantage of such systems, coordinated work of all its
elements is necessary. Solving this problem requires the use of intelligent process control
systems in the power industry [1-5] for the effective operation of the energy system.

2. METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
The development of smart energy systems (SES) to provide electricity and heat to buildings is
made on an example of Ecopark, consisting of residential, industrial and academic buildings.
The development of control algorithms of primary energy in SES, depending on the level
of real consumption while minimizing its cost is the purpose of the project. Smart energy
systems should provide the access of all producers and consumers of electric energy to the
power grid infrastructure should promote the rational use of electricity and heat primary
sources. Providing maximum comfort of consumers with the most efficient use of energy
resources is a priority in the smart energy system. Consumers in the SES can manage the
processes of consumption and energy transfer. Schematics and specifications in the SES
provide an estimate of the status and system diagnostic for the prompt and long-run solutions.
Creating a circuit project of a local smart energy system for energy consumers of the
TechnoEcopark of Rostov Region by the use of distributed generation facilities, including
eco-friendly renewable energy, grid infrastructure, and consumers with regulated and
unregulated load is the objective of the project. The system can operate in grid-isolated mode
or in conjunction with centralized energy systems. One of the problems to be solved is the
study of the ways to improve the efficiency of the electric power industry that provides

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 Local Intelligent Energy Systems Based on Gas Microturbines with High-Speed Electric Generators

sufficient energy power and volume for the consumption, connection and transmission of
electricity in accordance with demand, including the transfer of power from its own
generation sources into a centralized grid [6-9].

3. RESULTS
Heat circuit of smart energy system based on the gas turbine complex is for the basic variant
of power energy complex involves modular design, with the ability to maneuver as the
production of both electricity and heat [10-14].
The construction of a mini-CCP system with three gas turbine units can implement this
task. Each gas turbine has the capacity of 2.5 MW. The heat recovery boiler is installed at the
combustion products outlet. It provides a steam for the turbine unit that has capacity of 2.5
MW. The heat pump for heating is set at the output of steam turbine unit (on the steam turbine
condenser). In summer, air conditioning can be produced with the same heat pump.
Basic diagram of mini-CCP is shown in Figure 1. It consists of gas turbine units
(compressor 1, combustion chamber 2, turbine 3, air supply 4 and natural gas supply 5), heat
recovery boiler (HRB) with steam circuit (afterburning burner 6 of regenerative air 7, steam
heaters 8, drum 9, evaporative surface 10, water economizer 11 and network heaters 12); the
exhaust gases are removed through a flue 13. Also, it is composed of a steam turbine 14 with
a recovery system (condenser 19, condensate pump 20 and feed one 24, the ejector 21, the
heater 25) and the vapor condensation system that is provided by the closed-loop of the vapor
compression heat pump (HP) 18 (HP evaporator, as a part of the steam turbine condenser 19
and a thermal networks cooler 17; HP capacitors consisting of main condensate heaters 25
and hot water supply 26; throttling device 22, the pump 23).

Figure 1 CCP basic diagram (combined cycle plant) with 10 MW of total electrical power
The district heating system 15 and hot water system 27 with heaters 25 and 26, and the
cooler 17 is used in mini-CCP scheme for the thermal energy supply. The electricity
generation is operated by electric generators 16 which are driven by gas turbines and a steam
turbine.
CCP compressors inject air into the combustion chamber, in which it participates in the
combustion of natural gas. They inject some of the air in the combustion chamber from the
regenerative air heaters bypass the compressors that allows having a higher GTP output factor
in a wide range of loads. The gas temperature is 900-1100 °C outlet the combustor chamber.

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Pavel Grigorievich Kolpakhchyan, Alexey Revkatovich Shaikhiev, Boris Mikhailovich Goltsman and
Andrey Sergeevich Oshchepkov

Then, the gas-air mixture, which has a temperature of 400 - 500˚C is injected into the heat
recovery boiler, where it transfers heat energy to the heat carrier (steam-water mixture) of the
steam cycle.
The two cycles (the gas turbine one and steam-powered one) combination allows CCP
with a heat recovery boiler to have output factor of about 60% for electricity production [15-
18].
In the process of steam cycle, water is injected by feed pump, is supplied to the HRSG,
passes the water economizer, the drum and the evaporator surfaces, is converted into steam.
The steam temperature rises in the boiler superheaters to 250 - 350˚S, after that it goes to a
steam turbine, where it loses its energy. Steam parameters outlet the turbine are 0.0035 MPa
and 25 ˚С. Condensed coolant passes into a regenerative system and enters again in the heat
recovery boiler.
For the condensation of exhaust steam of the steam turbine, we propose to use the 4 to 6
vapor compression heat pumps system that has the thermal power up to 2400 kW and the
cooling capacity from 1600 kW.
Thermal power of mini-CCP reaches 20 MW. It will ensure the system water heating for
hot water or heating.
The mini-CCP can operate autonomously without the inclusion in the external power grid.
In this case, the mini-CCP regulates all non-uniformity of the daily electricity load by
changing only their own units [19-21]. The electrical load fluctuations in the absence of
constantly loaded electricity can be up to 70%. Therefore, one part of the units should be able
to be switched off. The process of facilities switching on and switching off is carried in the
thermal circuit of mini-CCP.
However, mini-CCP can work at inclusion in the external electricity grid subject to certain
approvals from suppliers of electricity. In this case, all unclaimed electricity can be sold to
external customers, and load fluctuations will be regulated by external managers and as a
result, load fluctuations will be smaller.
TechnoEсopark thermal network can work for buildings heating in winter and for air
conditioning in summer, which will increase the efficiency of heating systems and save on
pipelines. In winter, heating network transfer heat in buildings by supplying hot water from
the mini-CCP. In summer, the heat network will be able to supply cold air conditioning in
buildings (through some systems like Fancoil).
Load reducing is carried out by changing the modes of gas and steam turbines. The heat
pump continues to operate at full capacity while reducing the load of gas turbines and STU
and increases thus the work efficiency of mini-CCP.
Each local power supply system is connected to a common local system and provides the
remote monitoring and management of the basic parameters of the equipment functioning,
consumption and energy production data monitoring from a single control center.
Organization of monitoring systems via the Internet is possible

4. DISCUSSION
This power system operates on trigeneration mode and provides the electricity and heat, hot
water, the cold generation for the air conditioning and ice generation for the ice palace, the
ventilation system functioning.
Local Smart Grid is designed to provide stable and reliable power supply to consumers of
the TechnoEcopark of the Rostov Region using gas turbine units with high-speed power
generators; effective collaboration of various distributed generation objects (centralized grid,

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 Local Intelligent Energy Systems Based on Gas Microturbines with High-Speed Electric Generators

the sources of own generation, including power plants based on renewable energy sources and
other equipment); grid infrastructure, including energy storage [22, 23].
The creation of local distributed energy system that is connected to the central electrical
grid is expected. It consists of the following sources:
• private mini-CCP (main energy source) based on gas turbine plants with high-speed power
generators,, operating in trigeneration mode;
• transformer substations and switchgear assembly;
• solar photovoltaic power plant (central station and stations distributed on separate objects of
Technopark that are combined in a single system);
• wind power plant (consisting of 3 units, combined in a single system);
• heat pumps (HP): the high power HP belonging to the mini-CCPs and heat pump plants
(HPP) distributed on separate objects of industrial park;
• solar geliostations (distributed on separate objects of Technopark, combined in a single system
of heating, cooling and DHW);
• the accumulation of electrical and heat energy systems (storages of electric and heat energy as
part of a mini-CCP and heat pumps distributed on separate objects of industrial park);
• automated monitoring and accounting of the production and consumption of electricity and
heat, with the function of the organization of settlements with energy consumers;
• automatic control, diagnostics and protection of power equipment and grid;
• schedule, communication and control system of power supply center.
Installing own mini-CCP can solve the problem of energy supply of Technopark facilities.
The main advantage of this solution is a substantial reduction in the costs of energy
consumption. In addition, own power plant provides energy independence and continuity of
production processes in any power outages or in network emergency. In addition, the mini-
CCP is actually the only way to increase the power consumption in the context of the shortage
of electric power [24-26].

5. CONCLUSION
Submitted project allows working in practice optimal modes of generation, control,
transformation and distribution of energy from primary thermal and electrical sources,
including traditional and renewable. Going to these intelligent systems will provide a
significant boost to the development of distributed energy while increasing its stability,
flexibility, efficiency and comfort for the end consumers.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS
The data presented in the article may be of interest to specialists engaged in research of the
processes of generation and distribution of energy in autonomous energy supply systems. The
described energy system of the Technopark can be considered as an example of the
integration of diverse energy sources and consumers into a unified energy system. The
efficiency of the system is provided by the use of intelligent control. Also, an example for the
use of mini-CCP as the main source of energy and its integration with other, distributed
sources using alternative types of energy will be of interest to the creators of autonomous
energy supply systems.

http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 55 editor@iaeme.com
Pavel Grigorievich Kolpakhchyan, Alexey Revkatovich Shaikhiev, Boris Mikhailovich Goltsman and
Andrey Sergeevich Oshchepkov

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The work was performed within the framework of the Agreement # 14.604.21.0174 of
September 26, 2017, the theme "Development of scientific and technical solutions for the
creation of efficient high-speed generator equipment for micro-GTUs" on the Task of the
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, FTP “Development of priority
areas for the development of Russia's scientific and technological complex for 2014-2020".
Unique identifier of applied scientific research (project) RFMEFI60417X0174.

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