TRON C@ 50

I~ Stainle~s

.Best corrosion resistance of all stainless steels

.Exceptionally low magnetic permeability

.Strength almost double Type 316

~ Hi9h Performance Alloys

-444 Wilson St .

= Tipton, IN 46072
Phone: (765)675-8871
FAX: (765) 675-7051
Product Data Bulletin
Product Description 2 NITRONIC 50 %Min %Max
COm~ositi~n ,.""""..,..., ,2 Stainless Steel
Carbon 0.030 0.050
Speclfl~atlons """" 2 Product Manganese 4.00 5.50

Annealing Temperature 3 Phosphorus 0.040

Metric Practice ...""".""""...3 Description Sulfur 0.015

Silicon 0.20 0.60
Mechanical Properties , 3-8 HPAlloys NITRONIC 50
Chromium 20.50 22.00
Galling/Wear Resistance 9 Stainless Steel provides a
Nickel 11.75 13.00
Physical Properties ,.., 9-10 co~bination of corrosion 2.00 2.50
Molybdenum
., resistance and strength not 0.75
Corrosion ResIstance"...1D-15 found in any other com- Copper
Nitrogen 0.24 0.30
Fabrication """" """"...16 mercial material available Titanium 0.020
Forging " 16 in its price range. This Aluminum 0.020
.austenitic stainless steel has Boron 0.0008 0.0025
Anne.allng , ",,16 corrosion resistance greater
Columbium 0.12 0.20
Welding ", ,."""".,..,,16-17 than that provided by
Tantalum 0.10
Machinability,., , 18 Types 316, 316L 317 and Tin 0.030
Castings ...,." , ,.,...,., 19 317L plus approximately Vanadium 0.10 0.30
Case Histories ..,..,.., 19-BC twiCe tthe yieldt stren lgth at Tungsten 0.15
room empera ure. n
addition, NITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel has very
good mechanical proper-
ties at both elevated and
sub-zero temperatures.
And, unlike many austenitic
stainless steels, NITRONIC 50
does not become mag-
netic when cold worked or
cooled to sub-zero tem-
peratures, High Strength
(HS) NITRONIC 50 Stainless
Steel has a yield strength
about three times that of
Type 316 stainless steel.

Available Forms
HPAlloys NITRONIC 50 Stain-
less Steel is available in bar,
master alloy pigs, ingots and
forging quality billets. Forms
available from other manu-
facturers include castings,
extrusions, seamless tubing
and plate. NITRONIC50
StainlessSteel is covered by
U.S.Patent3,912,5Q3.

The information and data in this
product data bulletin are accurate
to the best of our knowledge and
beliet but are intended for general
information only. Applications sug-
gested for the materials are de-
scribed only to help readers make
their own evaluations and deci-
sions. and are neither guarantees
nor to be construed as express or
implied warranties of suitability for
these or other applications.
Data referring to mechanical prop- Armco. the Armco Trlongle. NITRONIG.
erties and chemical analyses are 17-4PH.I5-5PH.17-7PH.ondPHI3-8Mo
ore registered frodemorks of Armco Inc
the result of tests performed on
Hoste"oy ond Hoynes ore frodemorks of
specimens obtaIned from specific
Hoynes Intemotionol.
locations of the products in accor-
Inconel ond Monel ore trodemorks of
dance with prescribed sampling
Intemotionol Nickel Go. Inc
procedures: any warranty thereof
is limited to the values obtained at
such locations and by such proce-
dures. There is no warranty with
respect to values of the materials
at other locations.

2
 Other specification The newton (N) has been
coverage is pending. It is
Metric Practice adopted by the S I as the
suggested that HPAlIoysbe The values shown in this metric standard uni.tofforce
contacted for information bulletin were established in as'discussed in the A1S1
concerning additional lJ.$.. customary units. The Metric Practice Guide. The
metric equivalents of U.S. term for force per unit of area
coverage.
customary units shown may (stress) is the newton per
be approximate. Conversion square metre (N/m2). Since
Annealing to the metric system, known this can be a large number,
as the International System the prefix mega is used to
Temperature indicate 1 ,000,000 units and
of Units (SI), has been
HPAJIoysNITRONIC 50
accomplished in accordance the term meganewton per
Stainless Steel can be square metre (MN/m2) is
with the American Iron and
supplied annealed at 1950 F
Steel Institute Metric Practice used. The unit (N/m2) has
to 2050 F (1066 C to been designated a pascal
Guide,1978.
1121 C). For most
(Pa). The relationship
applications, the 1950 F between the U.S. and the SI
(1066 C) condition should units for stress is: 1000
be selected, as it provides a pounds/in2 (psi) = 1 kip/in2
higher level of mechanical (ksi) = 6.8948 mega-
properties along with newtons/m2 (MN/m2) =
excellent corrosion
6.8948 megapascals (MPa).
resistance. When as-welded Other units are discussed in
material is to be used in the Metric P.ractice Guide.
strongly corrosive media, the
2050 F (1121 C) condition
should be specified in order
to minimize the possibility of
intergranular attack.

Table 1
Minimum Properties Acceptable for Material Specification
Annealed Bars
I:longation Reduction
UTS 0.2% VS %in2" of Area
psi (MPa) (50.8 mm) %
Condition psi (MPa)

Annealed
1950F(1066C)to
100,000 (690) 55.000 (379) 35 55
2050F(1121 C)and
water Quenched
(up to 144 in' [9290cm2])

Over 144 in2 (9290 cm2) 45

95.000 (655) 50.000 (345} 30
to 324 in' (2091 cm2)

3
 Table 2
Typical Room Temperature Properties*
1 II (25.4 mm) Diameter Bar

Table 3
Typical Short- Time Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties*
Test Temperature UTS 0.2% VS I Elongation Reduction of Area
Condition F (C) ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa) % in 2" (50.8 mm) %

Annealed 1950F 75 (24) 124 (855) 78 (538) 405 675

(1066C) 200 (93) 112 (772) 66 (455) 405 675
Bars 3/4 t 01-1/4" 400 (204) 102 (703) 58(400) 375 67
(191 to 3 1.8mm! 600 (316) 98 (676) 54 (372) 375 64
Diameter 800 (427) 94 (648) 50 (345) 395 63
1000 (538) 89 (614) 48(331) 365 625
1200 (649) 80 (552) 44 (303) 365 63
1350 (732) 68 (469) 42 (290) 425 71.5
1500 (816) 50 (345) 32 (221 ) 595 85
Annealed 2050 F 75 (24) 117 (8071 60 (414) 45 71
(1121 C) 200 (93) 107 (738) 50 (338) 435 705
Bars1"to1-1/2" 400 (204) 96 (662) 38 (262) 435 695
(254 to 38,1 mm) 600(316) 92(634) 35 (241 ) 425 675
Diameter 800 (427j 89(614) 34(234) 43.5 66
1000(538) 84(579) 32 (221) 41 665
1200(649) 74(510) 31 (214) 38 64
1350(732) I 66(455) 31 (214) 37 615
1500 (816) 52 (359) 30 (207) 41 61
Average of triplicate tests from each of three heats

Table 4

Typical Stress-Rupture Strength*

Stress for Failure, ksi (MPal
Test Temp.
Condition F (C) 10.000 Hours (estimatedl

Annealed 1950F 72 (496)

(1066CI 47 (324)
Bars 314" to 1.1/4.. 22 ( 152)
(191- 31 Smm) 6 (41.4)
Diameter 1.3 19.0)
Annealed 2050 F 1000 (538)
(1121C) 1100(593) 65 (448) 54 (372) 43 (296)
Bar~ 1" to 1-1/2" 1200(649) 50 (345) 41 (283) 325 (224)
(254-381mm) 1350(732) 29 (2001 15 (103) 85 (586)
Diameter 1500 (816) 13 (8961 65(448) 35 (241)

.Average of tests from three heats

4
 Table 5
Typical Creep Strength*
1" (25.4 mm) Diameter Bar

Table 6
Typical Mechanical Properties*
Cold Drawn Wire
Reduction
Cold Reduction UTS 0.2% VS Elongation of Area
% ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa) % in 4 x D %
15 165 ( 1138) 143 (986) 23 56
30 194(1338) 174(1200) 15 49
45 216 (1489) 196 (1351) 11 45
60 234(1613) 216(1489) 9 42
75 246(1696) ,: 234(1613) 8 39

.Average of duplicate tests.

Starting size 114" (635 mm) dia rod annealed at 2050 F (1121 C).

Incommon with other NITRONIC alloys, NITRONIC 50Stainless Steel, when cold reduced 60% or more without in-process anneals, will
embrittle very rapidly when exposed ettempereturea in the range of 600to 1000 F (426 to 538 C). Therefore. springs made of NITRONIC
50 Stainless Steel should not be given the low-temperature. stress-relief treatment commonly used for austenitic stainless steels.

Table 7
Typical Sub-Zero Mechanical Properties*
1" (25.4 mm) Diameter Bar -Annealed 2050 F (1121 C)
Test Temp UTS 0.2% VS Elongation Reduction
F (CI ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa) % in 2" (50.8 mm) of Area %

-100 (-73) I 146 (1007) 85 (586) 495 65

-320(-196) ! 226(1558) 128(883) 41 51

.Average of duplicate tests

Table 8
Typical Impact Strength
1" (25.4 mm} Diameter Bar -Annealed 2050 F (1121 C}

Test Temp Impact -Charpy V-Notch. ft-Ibs (JI

F (C) Simulated HAl.

75 (24) 170 (230) II 170 (230)

-100 (-731 115(156) , 115(156)

-320(-196) 50 (68) II 50 (68)

.Heat treated at 1250 F (677 C) for 1 hour to simulate the heat-affected zone of heavy weldments.
Average of duplicate tests.

5
 Fatigue Strength
Table 17
Rotating Beam Fatigue Tests
Fatigue Strength at 10. Reversals of Strel
Condition ksi(MPa}

Tested in Seawater*

1 n dia
Annealed 2050 F 42 (290)
( 1121 CI (25.4 mm)

Annealed 1950 F
(1066CI
High-Strength (HS) Bars 1" dia 68 (469) 18 ( 124)
(Hot Rolled Unannealed) (25.4 mm)

2-1/2" dia 58(4001

(63.5 mm)

4" dia 44 (303) 15(103)

I (102 mm) I

.R R Moore specimens tested at room temperature

.McAdam specimens tested .in ambient temperature seawater (11-31 C) at Laaue Corrosion Laboratory.
Wrlghtsville Beach. NC
Shear Strength Tests from one heat for each size and condition
The shear strength of
NITRONIG 50 Stainless Steel
in double shear has been
determined following Boeing
Aircraft Go. 02-2860,
Procedures for Mechanical
Testing of Aircraft Structural
Fasteners. The results,
determined from atypical
heat, are as shown.

Elastic Properties
The elastic properties of
annealed NITRONIC 50 at
room temperature are as
shown.

Notch Sensitivity
Tensile tests were performed
at room temperature using Table 20
notched specimens with a Elastic Properties at Elevated Temperatures*
stress-concentration factor
of Kt = 1.3. The following Temperature
data at right show HPAloys F ICI Poisson's Ratio
NITRONIC 50 Stainless 72(22) 28.9 x 106 (199x1031 0.312
Steel is not notch sensitive. 200(93) 27.8x106 (192x103) 0.307
300(149) 27.0x106 (186x103) 0.303
400 (204) 26.1 x 106 (180 x 103) 0.299
500(260) 25.3 x 106 (174x1031 0.295
600(315) 24.6x1Q6 (170x103) 0.291
700 (371) 24.0 x 106 (165 x 103) 0.288

*Tests performed on sheet samples in the longitudinal direction using strain gages.

Table 21
Notch Sensitivity

Condition U 1:0 -NotcneO. kSI IM pa)

Annealed 2050 F (1121 C) 1145 (790) 155 ( 1069)

Annealed 1950 F (1066 C) 1205 1830)

High-Strength (HS) Bars 151 (1041) 1965 (1354)

Average of duplicate tests

8
 Table 22
Galling and
Weight Loss of Couple*
Wear mg/1000 cycles

Resistance

The galling re~i,stance of

HPAloysNITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel is similar to
Type 316 or just slightly
better.
Metal-to-metal wear tests
demonstrate the superiority
of NITRONIC 50 over alloy
K-500 despite the higher
hardness of the latter.
Test Conditions Taber Met-Abrader machine. 500" 0 crossed (90") cylInders. dry. 16-lb load. 105 RPM. room tem-
Comparative wear data are perature. 120 grit surface finish. 10.000 cycles. degreased. duplicates. weight loss corrected for density differences
shown.
For applications requiring
Table 23
superior galling, wear and
Cavitation Resistance of Annealed NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
cavitation resistance coupled
with good corrosion resistance,
HPAloysNITRONIC 60
Stainless Steel should be
considered.

Table 24
Density at 75 F (24 C) Wire.
7.88 gm/cmJ Typical Magnetic Permeability at Field Strength of
.285 Ibs/inJ Condition 50 Oer. (3978 AIm) 100 Oer (7957 A/m) 200 Oer (15.914 A/m)
Electrical Resistivity at 70 F Annealed '004 1004
(21 C) -82 microhm-cm Cold Drawn 27% '004 1003
Cold Drawn 56% '004 1004
Magnetic Permeability Cold Drawn 75% '004 1004
HPAJIoysNITRONIC 50
.Average of duplicate tests
Stainless Steel does not
become magnetic when
severely cold worked. This
characteristic makes the
alloy useful for applications
requiring a combination of
excellent corrosion
resistance and low magnetic
permeability.
The magnetic permeability
of HP.AJoysNITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel remains very
low at cryogenic temperatures,
but not as low as HPAJIoys
NITRONIC 33 and NITRONIC Reference: Advances in croyogenicEngineering Materials, Vol. 26 (1980), pp. 37-47.
40 Stainless Steels. The
magnetic susceptibility data
in Table 25 were obtained on
also occurs with HPAlIoys
mill-annealed sheet samples
NITRONIC 33 and NITRONIC
using the Curie Force Method.
40 Stainless Steels, is
Note that the magnetic dependent on temperature
susceptibility of HPAHoys but not on field strength.
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel Unlike the AISI 300 series
exhibits a cusp at stainless steels, most HPAlIoys
approximately -400 F ( -240 NITRONIC Alloys show no
C). This phenomenon, which supermagnetism.

9
 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Corrosion
Table 26
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Resistance
Annealed Material* HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel provides
Temperature Range Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
outstanding corrosion
F (C) microinches/in/Q F, (!lm/m. K)
resistance -superior to
70-200 (21-93) 90 (16.2) Types 316, 316L, 317 and
70-400 (21-204) 92 (16.6) 317L in many media. For
70-600 (21-316) 9.6 (17.3) many applications the
70-800 (21-427) 9.9 (17.8)
1950 F ( 1066 C) annealed
70-1000 (21-538) 10.2 (18.4)
condition provides adequate
70-1200 (21-649) 105 (189)
corrosion resistance and a
70-1400(21-760) 10.8 (19.4)
higher strength level. In very
70-1600(21-871) 11.1 (20.0)
corrosive media or where
Average of duplicate tests material is to be used in the
as-welded condition, the
Table 27 2050 F (1121 C) annealed
Thermal Contraction condition should be
specified. High-Strength
(HS) NITRONIC 50 bars are
useful for applications such
as shafting and bolting, but
do not quite exhibit the
corrosion resistance of the
annealed conditions in all
environments.
Typical corrosion rates
obtained from laboratory
tests on NITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel in its several
conditions are shown in
Table 29 along with
comparable data for Types
316, 316L, 317 and 317L
stainless steels.
Thermal Conductivity

Table 28

lemperature
Thermal Conductivity.
F (CI BTU/hr/ft2/in/OF (W/m.K)

70 (21)
300 (149) 108 (15.6)

600(316) 124 (17.91

900(482) 141 (20.3)

1200(649) 160 (23.01

1500 (816) 175 (25.2)

.Average of duplicate tests

10
 Table 29
Laboratory Corrosion Test Data

Corrosion Rates in Inches per Year IIPY) Unless Otherwise Indicatedl11

NITRONIC 50 Bar NITRONIC 50 Bar I NITRONIC 50 Types 316 & Types 3'7 &
Test Medium Annealed 1950 F 316L I
Annealed 2050 F High-Strength 3'7L
Annealed Bar I
(1066 C) (1121C) (HS) Bar(31 Annealed Bar
10% FeCIJ.25 C -plainl21 < .001 g/in2 <.001 g/in2 < .001 g/in2 011 g/in2
10% FeCIJ.25 C_~eviced{21 < 001 g/in2 < .001 g/in2 < 001 g/in2 186 g/in2
-
1% H2SO4' 80 C <.001 <.001 <.001 0.002 < 001
2% H2SO4' 80 C <.001 <.001 <.001 0.011 <.001
5% H2SO4' 80 C <.001 < 001 <.001 0.060 0036
10% H2SO4' 80 C 0.028 010 0.049
20% H2SO4' 80 C 0.133 0.48 0155
1% H2SO4' Boiling 0.027
2% H2SO4' Boiling 0.064 0.12
5% H2SO4' Boiling 194 0131 0.296 026
10% H2SO4' Boiling 0356 073
20% H2SO4' Boiling 1.64 2.20
.
1%HCI.35C <.001 <.001 < 001 0.012
2% HCI. 35 C 0.024 <.001 0.027. 0.021
1% HCI. 80 C <.001 0239
2% HCI. 80 C 0.439 0.452

65% HNO3, Boiling 0010 0.007 0.012

70% HJPO4' Boiling 0.203 0.154 0.202
, ..
33% Acetic Acid. Boiling <.001 < 001 <.001 <.001
20% Formic Acid. Boiling <.001 0.027
40% Formic Acid. Boiling 0.032 0.034
10%HNOJ+ 1%HF.35C 0.007 0064
10% HNOJ + 1% HF. 80 C 0.069 0.442
l'llmmersion tests performed on 5/8" dia. x 5/8" ( 159 x 15.9 mm) long machined cylinders. Results are average of five 48-
hour periods. Specimens tested at 35 C and 80 C were intentionally activated for third. fourth. and fifth periods Where both
active and passive conditions occurred, only active rates are shown.
12JExposure for 50 hours with rubber bands on some specimens to produce crevices

131Corrosionrates for hot rolled bars. For other mill products, contact Armco.

Table 30
Laboratory Corrosion Test Data*
Cast NITRONIC 50

NITRONIC 50 NITRONIC 50
Test Medium As-Cast Cast + Annealed 2050 F ( 1121 C)
10% FeCIJ -Uncreviced < .001 g/in2

50 hrs., Room Temperature

10% FeCIJ -Crevices .029 g/in2
50 hrs., Room Temperature
5% H2SO4, 80 C 95 MPY 81 MPY
5%H2SO4,Boiling -.418MPY
1% HCI, 35 C < 1 MPY I < 1 MPY
70% HJPO4, Boiling -83 MPY

.All tests performed on 5/8" ( 15.9 mm) diameter x 5/8" ( 15.9 mm) long machined cylinders
Except for the ferric chloride tests, all results are the average of five 48-hour periods Specimens
tested at 35 C and at 80 C were intentionally activated for the third, fourth, and fifth periods.
Where both active and passive periods occurred, only active rates are shown.

11
 Intergranular Attack Table 31
Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of Cast NITRONIC 50
The resistance of HPAlIoys
NITRONJC 50 Stainless Steel Huey Test. JPM

to intergranular attack is Annealed * % Ferrite

excellent even when sensitized 0.0005 0.0006
at 1250 F (675 C) for one 0.0004 I 0.0015
---~
hour to simulate the heat-
.2050F(1121 C).112-Hour.WaterQuenched
affected zone of heavy ..2050 F ( 1121 C) .112.Hour .Water Quenched + 1250 F (677 C) -112-Hour -Air Cooled.
weldments. Material annealed Even sensitized cast NITRONIC 50 stainle.s Steel has an acceptable intergranular corrosion rataless than 0.0020 IPM with up to

at 1950 F (1066 C) has very 4% farrita presant.

good resistance to
intergranular attack for most Table 32
applications. However, when Intergranular Attack Resistance of NITRONIC 50 Bar
thick sections of HPAlIoys per ASTM A262
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
Practice E
are used in the as-welded
Condition Copper-Copper Sulfate
condition in certain strongly
corrosive media, the 2050 F Annealed 1950 F ( 1066 C) 0.00101PM Passed

Annealed 1950 F ( 1066 C) 0.0038 IPM Passed

(1121 C) condition gives
+ 1250F(677C)-
optimum corrosion resistance.
1 hr.-A.C.
This is illustrated by Table 32.
Annealed 2050 F ( 1121 C) 0.0009 IPM Passed
Annealed 2050 F ( 1121 C) 0.00221PM Passed

Stress-Corrosion + 1250F(677C)-
Cracking Resistance 1 hr.-A.C.
High-Strength (Bar Mill) 0.0031 IPM Passed
In common with most
High-Strength (PRF)
stainless steels, under certain
Edge 0.00131PM Passed
conditions, HP.AJIoys NITRONIC 0.0012 IPM Passed
Intermediate
50 Stainless Steel may 0.0011 IPM Passed
Center
stress-corrosion crack in hot
chloride environments. When
tested in boiling 42% MgCI2
solution, a very accelerated
test, NITRONIC 50 Stainless
Steel is between types 304
and 316 stainless steels in
resistance to cracking. There
is little difference in
susceptibility to cracking
whether in the annealed,
high-strength (HS), or cold-
drawn conditions. This is
illustrated by the comparative
data in Table 33 using the U-bend-type stress
direct-Ioaded tensile-type test corrosion test specimens of
method (described in detail NITRONIC 50 in the following
in ASTM STP 425, September metallurgical conditions have
1967). Note that this is a been exposed to marine
severe test, especially at atmosphere on the 80' lot at
these temperatures. For Kure Beach. N.C.
marine applications, the (1) Mill Annealed 1950 F
following better reflects the (1063 C)
resistance of NITRONIC 50 (2) Mill Annealed &
Stainless Steel: Sensitized 1250 F (675 C)
(3) Cold Rolled 44% (160
ksi yield strength)
Tests were begun on June
3. 1970. No failure occurred
after 15 years exposure.

12:
 Sulfide Stress and chokes for valve shafts.
Cracking stems and pins, provided
this cold working is
Both laboratory tests and
preceded by an anneal.
field service experience
Table 34 illustrates the
show that HPAloysNITRONIC
resistance of HPAlloys
50 Stainless Steel has
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
excellent resistance to sulfide
to cracking in laboratory
stress cracking in all
tests in synthetic sour-well
conditions. NITRONIC 50
solution (5% NaCI + 1/2%
Stainless Steel in both the
acetic acid, saturated with
annealed and high-strength
H2S). Comparable data are
(hot-rolled) conditions has
included for HPA8oys 17-4 PH
been included in the 1988
Stainless Steel, which is
revision of NACE Standard
considered acceptable by
MR-01-75, "Sulfide Stress
NACE for use in sour-well
Cracking Resistant Material
for Oil Field Equipment,' , at service in the two heat-
treated conditions shown.
hardness levels up to RC35
maximum. The cold-worked
condition to RC35 maximum
also is acceptable in valves

Table 34
Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracklng(1)

Time to Failure. hr.. Under Stress. ksi (MPal

-~

Hardness 0.2% VS 160 / 140 125 100 76 50 25

Alloy Condition
Rockwell ksi (MPa) (1034) (965) (862) (690) (617) (345) (172)

C22 67 (448) >1000 >1000 >1°001

C33 135 (931) 2041 3201>1000 >1000

C35 146 (1007) 3581

C36 144 (993) 170121 , >10001 >10001>1000

C4 1160 (1103)
>100°1 >1000

17-4 PH H 1150+ 1150 C32.5 10 (758) est. 9.5 16 225

17-4 PH H 1150-M C29 85 (586) 13.5 29 850

It)Longitudinal tensile specimens tested according to NACE TM 01-77

12)Ductile creep failure.
131
For hot rolled bars only.

NITRONIC 50 Stainless
Steel spring temper wire
coiled into a spring was
exposed to the NACE
solution at room temperature
under the following conditions:

13
Seawater Resistance NITRONIC 50 Alloy 400 (Ni-Cu)
Here is how NITRONIC 50
High-Strength (HS) shafting
and Alloy 400 (Ni-Cu) looked
after 18 months' exposure in
quiet seawater off the coast
of North Carolina. The test
was conducted without zinc
anodes to establish the
relative corrosion resistance
of NITRONIC 50 High-3trength
(HS) shafting. Had zinc
anodes been us~d or a
bronze propeller fitted to
these bars, no crevice
corrosion should have
occurred. The photograph Wood Block Wood Block
was taken after barnacles
and other forms of marine
life were cleared from the
test bars.
Before exposure, all
specimens were polished tc
120 grit finish, degreased
and passivated. They were
then clamped into pepper-
wood racks and exposed
fully immersed in seawater.
NITRONIC 50 high-strength
(HS) shafting showed no
crevice attack under the
wooden blocks after the 18
months. One bar of
NITRONIC 50 high-strength
(HS) shafting remained
perfect, while the other
showed a few areas of very
light crevice attack, < .001 "

(0.025 mm) deep under

marine attachments. Both
samples of.Alloy 400
suffered shallow crevice
attack .001 "-.003"
(0.025-0.076 mm) deep
under the area in contact
with the wooden rack, and
also under numerous
attached barnacles.
Type 316 stainless steel
tested similarily for nine
months suffered random
pitting and crevice corrosion
under the area in contact
These two bars are immersed in quiet seawater for nine months.
with the wooden rack and Bright shiny bar at right is HP.Ai7Js,NITRONIC 50 stainless steel, and
also under marine at left is Type 316 stainless steel showing considerable pitting and
attachments, while crevice corrosion.
NITRONIC 50 again
remained in perfect
condition. These specimens
are shown in the photograph.

14
Salt Fog -Marine Pitting Resistance
Environment
No change was apparent in
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
in any condition after exposure
to 5% NaCI fog at 35 C for
500 hours, or after exposure
to marine atmospheres on
the 800-foot (24.4m) lot at
Kure Beach, North Carolina,
for 7V2 years. Similar exposure
to marine atmospheres
produces light staining on
These pieces of bar were all exposed to 10% ferric chloride solution
Type 316 stainless steel.
for 50 hours at room temperature. A rubber band was placed
around each to promote crevice corrosion which sometimes occurs
Food Handling in areas where the surface is shielded from oxygen. From left to
right, they are HP.AJk1,ISN ITRON IC 50 Stainless Steel, Type 316
HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
stainless steel and Type 304 stainless steel. OnlyHP.AJkr,'s
Stainless Steel is considered
NITRONIC 50 stainless is still bright and shiny. The Type 316 and
suitable for food contact use. Type 304 stainless steels are badly pitted and show severe crevice
The National Sanitation corrosion in the area where the rubber bands were placed.
Foundation includes HPAlloys
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
in their .'List of Acceptable
Materials for Food Contact
Surfaces."

Poly thionic Acid

Resistance
Poly thionic acids are of the
general formulaH~xO6.
where x is usually 3, 4 or 5.
These acids can form readily
in petroleum refinery units,
particularly desulfurizers.
during shutdown.
Stressed U-bend
specimens of NITRONIC 50
stainless, in both the
annealed condition and after
sensitizing at 1250F (677 C)
for 1 hour, showed no trace
of cracking after exposure to
poly thionic acids for 500
hours at room temperature.
Type 304 Type 316 NITRONIC 50
Urea Production photograph, Type 304
stainless steel became
Ammonium carbamate -an
intermediate produced severely etched in two weeks
during the manufacture of and Type 316 stainless steel
urea- is extremely showed some corrosive
corrosive to process attack in all exposed areas
equipment. Pump parts in after six weeks. HPAlloys
the process are subjected to NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
a combination of severe remained unaffected after six
corrosive attack, high weeks' exposure to this
temperatures and cyclical aggressive medium.
HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
operating pressures ranging
up to 3000 psi. Some parts Stainless Steel is presently
made of Type 316L stainless being specified for the blocks,
steel have shown surface plungers and related parts of
attack in just a few months. reciprocating pumps when
A manufacturer of special service requires handling
valves tested three stainless ammonium carbamate or
steels in ammonium other corrosive materials.
carbamate. As shown in the

15

Fabrication
Although HPAlloys NITRONIC
50 Stainless Steel is
considerably stronger than
the conventional 300 series
stainless steels, the same
fabricating equipment and
techniques can be used.
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
is readily forged like Type 316
stainless steel, except that it
requires more power and the
temperature is 2150 F to
2250 F (1177 C to 1232 C).
Like other austenitic stainless
steels, NITRONIC 50 must
be rapidly cooled. In-process
anneals to facilitate cold
forming should be done at
2050 F (1066 C). Please
note Page 3.
16
Table 36
Nominal Composition and Typical Mechanical Properties
of Several Austenitic All-Weld-Metal Deposits
Filler Metals
Filler metal, when added to
In addition to the improved
the joint, should be HPABoys
mechanical properties and
NITAONIC 50W (AWS E/EA
corrosion resistance, HPAlloys
209), a matching filler metal
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
composition that provides
can be welded successfully
comparable strength and
by using any of the
corrosion resistance to the
conventional welding
base metal. However, sound
processes that are normally
weld joints may also be
employed with the austenitic
obtained using the
stainless steels.
conventional austenitic
HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
stainless steel fillers such as
Stainless is readily arc
Types 308L and 309. When
welded in all forms. As with
using these more common
most austenitic stainless
filler metal compositions,
steels, good weld joint
allowances should be made
properties can be obtained
for the strength and
without the necessity of
corrosion differences.
preheat or post-weld
Nominal compositions and
annealing. Good shielding of
representative mechanical
the molten weld puddle is
properties are shown for the
important to prevent any
more common electrode
absorption of nitrogen from
the atmosphere that could filler rods in Table 36. The
result in porosity. weld metal alloys are listed
generally in the order of
Autogenous, high-power
(a) increasing alloy content,
density joining processes
such as electron beam (EB) (b) increasing strength level,
and laser welding should be (c) increasing corrosion
used with caution due to the resistance and (d) increasing
low FN potential of the base cost.
These data show that the
metal (FN approximately 2).
highest strength levels with
Field reports also indicate
good tensile ductility and
the possibility of severe
outgassing during EB welding alloy elements that impart
in a vacuum atmosphere. good corrosion resistance
are provided by the HP.AJIoys
Under vacuum conditions,
NITAONIC 50W Electrode. In
this outgassing is to be
expected for liquid weld some specific applications
metal containing a high where the high strength
nitrogen level.
levels or superior corrosion
resistance in the weld
deposits are not required,
other filler metals can be
used to advantage because
of reduced costs and/or
ready availability.
The matching weld filler
(NITAONIC 50W, AWS E/EA
209) for HPAloysNITAONIC
50 Stainless Steel is similar
to many of the regular
austenitic stainless steel filler
metals in that a small
percentage of the magnetic
ferrite phase has been
introduced to assure sound
weld deposits. The small
quantity of the second phase
usually produces a magnetic
permeability value of
approximately 1.2 in
shielded metal-arc weld
deposits. This corresponds
to a ferrite number (FN) of
approximately 6.
Highly overalloyed Ni base
fillers are suggested for
applications requiring high
resistance to pitting media or
very low as-deposited
magnetic permeability.
GTA Weld Joints
Gas tungsten arc weld joints
have been fused successfully
in several flat-rolled thicknesses
of HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel. Mechanical
property values similar to
those of the base metal have
been obtained in the as-
welded condition.
The corrosion resistance of
GTA welded joints has been
evaluated using the standard
Huey test (ASTM A 262,
Practice C) for detecting
intergranular attack in
stainless steels. Laboratory
test experience shows that
welds made using the
NITRONIC 50W Stainless
Steel filler metal exhibit the
same resistance to
intergranular attack as the
base metal.
Table 37
Typical Mechanical Properties
HPAlloys NITRONIC 50 Stainless Plate Weld Joints
--
Weld Weld UTS 0.2% VS Elong, Red. in Failure
Process Filler ksi (MPa) ksi (MPal % in2" Area. % Location
Shielded
Metal Arc NITAONIC SOW 113 (779) 76 (524) 20 36 Weld
(SMA) Metal
Gas Metal
Arc (GMA) NITRONIC SOW 112(772) 77 (531) 21 30 Weld
Spray Metal
Heavy Section Weld Resistance Welding
Joint Properties Although no direct resistance
welding experience has
The mechanical properties of
been obtained with HPAlloys
welds in 1-1/4" (32.1 mm)
NITRONIC SO Stainless
thick plate have been
Steel, the similarity of the
determined using two weld
alloy to HPAlloysNITRONIC 40
processes that are normally
Stainless Steel suggests a
employed in heavy section
good response to resistance
welding, namely, (a) shielded
spot welding and cross-wire
metal arc (SMA) or stick
welding techniques. The
electrode welding and (b)
welding schedules outlined
gas metal arc (GMA) or MIG
in the fabricating bulletin,
welding wit!l the spray mode.
"Welding HPAlloysStainless
Typical test values that can Steels: ' can be used as a
be expected from tensile
guide to produce sound,
samples cut transverse to the
high-strength joints in both
weld centerline are shown in
annealed and cold-reduced
Table 37.
sheet. Average shear
Heat input is important in
strength data for spot
obtaining the most satisfactory
welded joints in HPAlloys
weld joint. Narrow stringer
NITRONIC 40 Stainless Steel
beads rather that a wide
appear in the Product Data
"weave" technique should
be used for highest weld Bulletin, "HPAlloysNITRONIC
40 Stainless Steel Sheet and
ductility. Good shielding of
Strip." HPAloys NITRONIC SO
the molten puddle is important
Stainless Steel is expected to
to eliminate additional nitrogen
perform in a similar manner.
from the atmosphere that
For more specific
could cause porosity. Both
suggestions and for NITRONIC
stringer beads and adequate
SOW filler metal sources,
shielding are normal factors
contact Baltimore Specialty
in good stainless steel
Steels Corporation.
welding practice.
17
 Table 38
Machinability*
HPAlloysNITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel has machining
Characteristics similar to other 100%
austenitic stainless steels. It ., " 0 (254 mm)-annealed-RB 95
is suggested that coated Five-hour form tool life using high-speed tools

carbides be considered when Data based on duplicate tests

machining all NITRONIC

alloys, since higher cutting
rates may be realized.
Table 39
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
is more susceptible to cold Recommended Machining Rates for NITRONIC 50
work hardening than types Cutting Rates. SFM
Machining Operation
304 and 316 stainless steels.
Also, the alloy has higher Automatic Screw Machine 40-65
strength. Machining tests
show the alloy to machine Heavy duty Single or Multiple Spindle and Turret Lathe 40-65
at approximately 21% of the High Speed Tools Rates may be increased 15-30% with
cutting rate for B1112. This High-Cobalt or Cast Alloys
means NITRONIC 50 Stainless
Steel can be machined at lI.utomatic Screw Machine (Swiss Type)
approximately 1/2 the cutting Cast Alloy or Carbide Tools
rate (SFM) used for Type 304 :5ingle Point Turning
or 316 stainless steels, based Carbide Tools
on using high-speed tool
Roughing 90-140
steels. For that reason, as
Finishing 120-190
stated above, coated carbides High Cobalt or Cast Alloy Tools
are recommended for best
Roughing 50-65
results. 50-75
Finishing
Because of the high High-Speed Steel Tools
strength of NITRONIC 50
Roughing 30-45
Stainless Steel, more rigid
Finishing 50-60
tool and work holders than
used for Types 304 and 316 Milling (When using end mills, use two-fluted
stainless steels should be type and shorten it 25%)
used. Care should be taken Reaming
not to allow tools to slide Smooth Finish 15-40
over the alloy. Positive cutting Work Sizing 40-60
action should be initiated as High-speed steel reamers Greatly increased rates
soon as possible. The alloy obtainable with carbide tooling
provides a good surface Threading and Tapping 10-25
finish.
Drilling 30-50
High-speed Drills

18
 Table 40
Typical Room Temperature and Short.Time Elevated Temperature
HPAlloys NITRONIC 50 Properties of Cast NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel (CG6MMN) Annealed*
Stainless Steel may be
Text Temperature 0.2% VS Elongation Reduction
readily cost by all conven-
F (C) ksi (MPa) % in 2" (50.8 mm) %
tional techniques. Castings
should be annealed at 75 (24) 93(641) 50 (345) 48 46
2050F ( 1121 C) for 1/2-hour 200 (93) 84 (579) 39 (269) 47 57
400(204) 74(510) 30 (207) 50 54
and water quenched in
600(316) 67(462) 27 ( 186) 49 48
order to attain a high level
800 (427) 65 (448) 27 (186) 47 55
of corrosion resistance, Cast
1000 (538) 60 (414) 25 (172) 46 51
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
1200 (649) I 54 (3721 24 (166) 43 55
is listed as Grade CG6MMN
Average of three heats. two tests per heat.
in ASTM A 351/351M and
A 743.

dia. One valve manufac-

Surface
A manufacturer of valves
for gas wells tested
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
against the material previ-
ously used. HPAlloys
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
Shafts delivered the
needed extra corrosion
resistance without sacrific-
ing strength.
Seal rings for some
high-performance indus-
trial butterfly valves oper-
ating at 350 psi must have
high hardness plus superior
corrosion resistance to
meet the demands of a
variety of chemical me-
turer found NITRONIC 50
Stainless Steel met the
needs better than Type
316 stainless, and adopted
the material as the stan-
dard for this precision
part.
Mounted in the bodies
of the company's 30-, 36-,
and 48 inch valves, the
NITRONIC 50 Stainless Steel
rings give the body seat a
positive seal with excellent
finish and high resistance
to cavitation and crevice
corrosion. The material
also provides high resis-
tance to mechanical
damage.
NITRONIC 50 shows better resistance than Types 316 and
316L to pitting and crevice corrosion by sour oil and gas
fluids, plus much higher strength. It is included in NACE
MR-Ol-75 in both the annealed and high-strength bar
conditions.

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'9
 Our management and sales
department of HPA has over 50 years
experience in technology, product
development, and sales-marketing of
specialty materials. High Performance
Alloys is qualified to help you in
impartially selecting the cost effective
material for a specific application.

Phone: (765) 675-8871

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