Soft Copy of Thesis Chapter 1-6

RELATIONSHIP OF FINANCIAL STATUS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF GRADE 11 ABM STUDENTS IN SUMULONG COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN

Sumulong College of Arts and Sciences
SCAS Building M.L. Quezon Ext., Antipolo City
Relationship of Financial Status and Academic

Performances of Grade 11 ABM students in
Submitted by: Tupas, Cristine Jan

Strand and Section: ABM-2A
Submitted to: Mrs. Cristobal, Zennaida
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
One of the factors of every students especially ABM students is their financial problem. Every
students performance has the relationship between academic performances because if you have
money to buy all the materials needed in your class, it has the possibility the you can pass projects,
assignments and the outcome of that is you will have a good academic performances (Steven,
2006). But how about the students that can’t afford every materials needed because of their financial
problem? It can affect their academic performances because of the lack things needed in their class.
It has always a relationship, based on my own observations because financial problem seems so
important on students especially in Grade 11 ABM students, need more allowance to attend to
practices, buy things needed in their projects, etc., because financial problem causes to be a very big
problem to Grade 11 ABM students, it can cause them an absent, they can’t put too much
creativity/efforts, they can’t go on practices they have because of financial problem.
But nowadays, financial problem is the main problem of every students, that want to achieve
good grades. It is always been a problem by observing some students as you will notice it can affects
their academic performances, and this research I will give you information to acknowledge the
relationship of financial status and academic performances of Grade ABM students in SCAS. I will
give you hints how was the relationship work on every students, I will make some surveys to know the
students that has a financial problem and I’ll help this students too by giving some ideas that came
form the experts.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
According to some researchers, “the educational achievement gap has deep root; it is evident
every early in child’s lives; even before they enter the school. Socio-economic differences such as
health and nutrition status, home environments that provide access to academically relates
experiences, mobility rates, and financial assets can certainly influence academic achievements”
(Laosa, 2005, cited in Ogunshola and Adewale, 2012)
“The responsibility of training a child always lies in the hand of the parents” (Ogunshola and
Adewale, 2012). Parental educational background, profession and occupation affects their financial
status. Family income is one of the major factor that affects their children’s educational level,
competitive ability and performances (Smith et al., 2001; Hill et al., 200; Rothestein, 2004).
No education is ever cheap; yet, poverty must not be a finite barrier to education, and
academic performances must not suffer from no-money-syndrome implications. Students must learn
more to earn more financially and academically (Canfield and Swirzer, 2007).
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION
The scope and limitation of this study is about the profile of every respondents in terms of their
age, gender, number of siblings, budget in going to school (baon), and salary of their parents every
month for us to know that what is the big possible effect in every students academic performances
and how it may distract on the said problem.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Number of Siblings
1.4 Budget in going to school (Baon)
1.5 Salary of their parents per month
2. How financial status affect the academic performances of Grade 11 ABM students?
3. What is the Relationship of Financial Status and Academic Performances of Grade 11 ABM
students?
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CHAPTER 2
EVALUATION, DESIGN AND FRAMEWORK
This chapter contains the theoretical review, conceptual framework and the Review of Related
Literature.
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
This theory is anchored based on System’s Theory Input- Output Model (1956) by Ludwig Von
Bertalanffy which states that the finances is a broad tern that describes two related activities: the
study how money is manages and the actual process of acquiring needed funds. It relates the
interaction of individual components of the structure to the functioning of the structure as whole.
This theory adapted for this study was derived from the System Theory input- output model
developed by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy in 0956. This theory, according to Koonts and Weirich, (1998)
postulats that an organized enterprise does not exist in a vaccum; it is depend on its environment in
which it is established. They add that the inputs from the environments are received by the
organization, which then transforms then into outputs. As adapted in this study, the students (inputs)
are admitted to school, with different admission points, from the different social economic
backgrounds and are form various school background, when they get into the school system, the
management of the university transforms them through the proves of teaching and learning and the
students output is seen through their academic performances.
According to input-output model, It is assumed that the students with high admission points,
high social background and school background will perform well if the school facilities are good, the
lectures and the management of the school is good which may not always be the case and this is the
short coming of this theory. According to Oso and Onen (2005), the interrelationship among parts of a
system have to be understood by all parties involved. This theory requires a shared vision so that all
people in the university have an idea of what they are trying to achieve from all parties involved, a
task is not easy to achieve.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Name
Age
Test Questionnaires Answers of the Grade 11
Gender ABM students
Number of Siblings
Salary of parents per month
FEEDBACK
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
FOREIGN LITERATURE
Based on the research can be formulated fourth hypothesis, namely: Sabri et al., (2012)
reported that using a multistage sampling techniques from 11 public and private schools across
Malaysia and a sample of 2,219 students, explaining that that students living on campus report more
financial literacy than students living on the off campus. A previous study by Masud et al., a higher
percentage of off campus students reported experiencing greater financial problems compared to on
campus students.
However, these financial supports are not enough to cover their fees. Students academic
performance is often to determined by depending on their parents financial status (Jariah etal., 2004).
Thomas (2002) explains that those who are from a low-income family tend to work more hours in
order to pay their university fees that those who are from an upper income family. The research
findings indicate that while students have wide access to financial services, such as education loans
and credit, they lack the financial management knowledge and experiences to manage money, which
may lead to financial problems (Goldsmith and Goldsmith, 2006;Kidwell and Turrisi, 2004;Masud et
al., 2004Norvilitis et al., 2006).
Interestingly, Nyakunga’s 2011 study explored the affects of cost sharing on students
academic performance in Mzumbe University, Mongor Main Campus, Tanzania. In his analytical
framework of six concepts were academic performances and financial factors. This study used
qualitative case study. Semi-structures interview was used to collect data from six second year
students and two teachers who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The result
showed that the effects of cost sharing on academic performances seem to be complex and they may
depend on the particular circumstance an individual is facing. The study concluded that cost sharing
is likely to motivate some students to study hard and improve performance by reflecting on the
amount of funds they invest in education. However, it can also lead to poor performances due to lack
of funds to cover educational expenses and other personal needs. The result implied that the
students from low income families were more likely to perform lower because of financial hardship
and poor schools they attended. Thus, there is the need for the government to ensure that all
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
students receive better education. This result also indicated that some of the factors affecting
academic performance in higher education also resulted from poor educational background
(Nyakunga, 2001). Some researchers argued that older students performed better than younger ones
(Guney 2009; Alhajraf and Alasfour 2014; Kim et al., 2016).
By contrast, a few studies have found little correlatation between income and academic
achievement (Lacour ang Tissington, 2011). The summary of a study conducted by Mayer (1997)
shows that changes in financial status have a very small and statistically insignificant affect on
students educational attainment. Some other studies says that the result of some studies conducted
in Pakistan, Nigeria, Iran contradicted each other as a few of these studies showed that girls achieve
academically better than boys. (Farooq, Chaundhry and Berhanu, 2011; Jabbar, Aziz, & Zeb, 2011;
Hejazi, Larasani, Amani & Was 2012). Oni (2007) and Omoegun (2007) found that there is a
significant dissimilarity between conduct of students from high and low socio-economic statuses and
this ultimately influence their learning process. Family income becomes educational controlling factor
globally. Kadushin (1967) argued that low income limits both educational attainments and academic
performance of students. Good financial support for education is an essential stimulus in motivating
students to perform better. Low family income is a predictor of the level of academic performance,
alienation and dropouts of students (Beegle and Rice, 1965). In brief, the critical literature review
shos that relationship between family income and students academic performance is a global
phenomenon. Both developed countries, e.g. USA, emerging economies, e.g.. Ghana and other
developing countries face similar financial and academic performance challenges. Significant number
of studies found that students from low income families perform poorly than those from relatively
richer families.
LOCAL LITERATURE
The financial status or the social economic status is most commonly determine by
combining parents educational level occupational status and the income level (Jeynes, 2002;
McMillan & Western, 200). According to Scot, (2007), the more allowance students have is the more
they perform well in their class. In most of the studies done on academic performance of students it is
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
not surprising that financial status is one of the major factor studied while predicting academic
performance it is believe that the low financial status negatively affects academic achievements
because lesser financial status prevents access to vital resources and creates additional stress at
home (Eamon 2005; Jeynes, 2002;) Greatz (1995) carried out a study in economic status in
education research and policy found that social economic background remains one of the major
resources of educational inequality and adds that one is educational success depends very strongly
on the financial status of the parents.
By contrast, the students whose family income was higher performed well in matriculation as
compared to those students who belonged to low income families (Memon, et al., 2010). According
to (Rowan et al., 2005) financial is very important in studying to be able to comply all the thing
needed in our studies. The students will be the most likely be affected if their parents are unemployed
because they cannot pay their tuition fees as well as their school needs. (Kadushin 2014).
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Academic – Of, or relating to schooling or learning especially at an advance level.
Performance – The execution of an action.
Financial – Of, or relating to money, banking, or investments.
Status – Position with regard to conditions or circumstances.
Statically – Fixed in place or position.
Predicting – A declaration that something will happen in the future.
Manipulated – To control or take advantage of by artful, unfair or insidious means.
Relationship – The fat or state of having something in common. ‘
Accurate – Free from error especially as the result of care.
Adequate – A level of quality that meets one’s needs or standards.
Respondents – A person who responds to a poll.
Interpret – To make plain or understandable.
Comparison – An examination of two or more items to establish and dissimilarities.
Phenomenology – The study of the development of human consciousness and self-awareness as a
preference to or a part of philosophy.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter present the research design, setting of the study, subject of the study,
procedure of the study and also the source of data.
RESEARCH DESIGN
This study utilized the Phenomenological Theory of research specifically. The

phenomenological survey design. This method is design to gather information about existing
condition. (Sanchez, 2005) defines the descriptive survey method as a process of gathering,
analyzing, classifying about prevailing condition, practices, processes, and cause of effect
relationship and then making an accurate and adequate interpretation about such data within the aid
of statistical method. It involves some types of comparison and attempt to discover existing
relationship, manipulative, variables, so that the relation of research problems can be tested and
studied.
SETTING OF THE STUDY
This research conducted in SUMULONG COLLEGE OF ARS AND SCIENCES. The

researcher mission is to know the relationship of financial status and academic performances of
grade 11 ABM students in SCAS.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
SUBJECT OF THE STUDY
The subject of the study were in all Grade 11 ABM students from Sumulong College of Arts
and Sciences composed of 70, from it only 40 as sample.
PROCEDURE OF THE STUDY
After conducting this survey questionnaire checklist and asked for the permission from
concerned authorities for conducting the study the questionnaires has been given personally to the
respondents. After that, the researcher collected it and the questionnaires was tailed, arranged,
analyzed, interpreted, and finalized. The relationship between financial status and academic
performances was already collected.
SOURCES OF DATA
The researcher used survey questionnaire checklist to gather data based on the
background of the students. After that, the researcher tailed and summarized it.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CHAPTER 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This chapter includes the result and discussion of the survey conducted by the
researcher.
1. Profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age
AGE f %
17 12 30%
15 4 10%
19 3 7.5%
16 15 37.5%
18 4 7.5%
20 1 2.5%
21 1 2.5%
N=40
Based from the answers of Grade 11 ABM students in SCAS, most of the G-11 ABM
students is between 16 and 17 years old.
Some researcher argued that older students performed better than younger ones. (Guney,
2009; Alhajraf and Alasfour, 2014; Kim et al., 2016)
1.2 Gender
f %
Male 17 42.5%
Female 23 57.5%
N=40
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
Based on the answers on Grade 11 ABM students in SCAS, most of the G-11 ABM
students is female.
The result of some studies conducted in Pakistan, Nigeria, India contradicted each other
as a few of these studies showed that girls achieve academically better than boys. (Farooq, Chaudhry
and Berhanu, 2011; Jabbar, Aziz, & Zeb, 2011; Hejazi, Larasani, Amani& Was, 2012).

f %
4 3 7.5%
6 2 5%
10 2 5%
5 4 10%
3 8 20%
1 3 7.5%
9 1 2.5%
2 12 30%
7 3 7.5%
0 2 5%
N=40
Based from the answer of Grade 11 ABM students in SCAS, the highest no. of
siblings is 2 so their family don’t have any problem about their financial.
Children from larger families are found to do worse than children from smaller families
are revealed by Lacovou (2001).
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
1.4 Budget of going to school (Baon)

f %
150 5 12.5%
100 15 37.5%
120 3 7.5%
80 3 7.5%
170 2 5%
70 4 10%
60 1 2.5%
90 2 5%
50 2 5%
200 3 7.5%
N=40
Based from the answers of Grade 11 ABM students in their budget in going to school
(baon), the highest is 100 pesos and the other respondents is 150 because their family don’t have a
problem of their financial.
According to Scott (2007), the more the allowance students have is the more they
perform well in their class.
1.5 Salary of their parents per month.

f %
4,000 3 7.5%
5,000 3 7.5%
2,000 3 7.5%
15,000 6 15%
25,000 4 10%
3,000 4 10%
10,000 8 20%
20,000 3 7.5%
7,000 3 7.5%
1,500 3 7.5%
N=40
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
Based from the answers of Grade 11 ABM students in the salary of their parents per month,
the highest is 10,000 and the other respondents is 25,000 because their parents have a permanent
job so that they have a good income.
According to (Rowan et al., 2005) financial is very important in studying to be able to comply
all the thing needed in our studies.
2. Average grade of Grade 11 ABM students during 1st quarter.

f %
80 4 10
85 5 12.5%
89 5 12.5%
91 4 10%
83 2 5%
90 6 15%
87 4 10%
92 4 10%
93 4 10%
79 2 5%
N=40
Based from the answers of Grade 11 ABM students in their academic performance
average during 1st quarter, the highest is 90 and the other respondents is 79 because other
respondents affected to their financial.
The students whose family income was higher performed well in matriculation
examination as compared to those students who belonged to low income families (Memon, et al.,
2010).
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
3. Relationship of Financial Status and Academic Performances of Grade 11 ABM students in
SCAS.
Based from the answers of Grade 11 ABM students in the relationship of financial
status and academic performances of grade 11 ABM students, the most commonly answer is “can’t
go to school” because their family have a financial problems and they don’t have a permanent job.
The students will be the most likely be affected if their parents are unemployed
because they cannot pay their tuition fees as well as their school needs. (Kadushin 2014).
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter contains the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendation about the
study of the researcher.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
It provides a discussion for each of the findings. The following were the salient findings of
the study arranged according to the specific problems in Chapter 1 of the study.
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1.Age
15 out of 40 respondents answered that they are 16 years old which is the highest percentage of
37%. Then, 12 out of 40 respondents are 17 years old which is the second to the highest percentage
of 30%.
1.1.1 According to the result, most of the Grade 11 ABM students are 16 years old.
1.2 Gender
23 out of 40 (57.5%) respondents answered that they are female and 17 out of (42.5%)
respondents are male
1.2.1 Therefore, most of the Grade 11 ABM students are female.
12 out of 40 (30%) respondents answered that they only have 2 siblings and 8 out of 40 (20%)
respondents answered that they have a 3 siblings.
1.3.1 In conclusion, most of them has only 2 sibling so that they can able to buy things needed in
their studies.
1.4 Budget in going to school (Baon)
15 out of 40 respondents answered that their budget in going to school is 100 pesos which is
the highest percentage of 37.5% and 5 out of 40 respondents answered that their budget in going to
school is 150 pesos which is the second highest percentage of 12.5%.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
1.4.1 So that, mostly the budget of grade 11 ABM students in going to school is 100 pesos
8 out of 40 respondents answered that the salary of their parents per month is 10,000 pesos with
the highest percentage of 20%, and 6 out of 40 respondents answered is 15,000 pesos with the
second highest percentage of 15%.
1.5.1 Therefore, most of the grade 11 ABM students has the same salary of their parents which is
10,000 pesos.
2. What is the academic performance average of ABM students during 1 st quarter?
2.1 6 out of 40 (15%) respondents answered that they’ve got an average of 90 during their 1st quarter
and 5 out of 40 (12.5%) respondents got an average of 85.
2.2 According to the result, most of Grade 11 passed their 1st quarter which agrees the study
conducted by (Memon, et al., 2010).
3. What is the relationship of financial status and academic performances of Grade 1 ABM
students in SCAS?
3.1 Most of the Grade 11 ABM students commonly reason is “Can’t go to school” which can cause of
failing their academic performances which agrees the study conducted by (Kadushin 2014).
CONCLUSION
Therefore, financial have so many effects on the academic performances of Grade 11 ABM
students. It have a lot of impact in every students academic performances such as they can comply
their projects, they can be more productive and they will no longer be absent from the class so that
they can learn more new things.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The researchers offer the following recommendations based on the findings and
conclusions of the study.
● Despite the status of parents and any other external interventions, parents must be totally
responsible for their wards’ education; supporting them both financially and non-financially.
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
●Students must note that money is just one of the resources that promote better academic
performance; it is just a means but not an end itself.
● Students must be bold to say “NO!” to academic failure and dropout due to ‘no money
syndrome”
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
APPENDICES
Appendix A Survey Questionnaire

SCAS Bldg. M.L. Quezon Ext., Antipolo City
Relationship of Financial Status and Academic Performances of Grade 11

ABM students in Sumulong College of Arts and Sciences.
Name: (Optional)__________________________
Strand and Section:_______________________
1. What is your profile in terms of:

A. Age
B. Gender
C. Number of sibling/s
D. Budget of going to school (Baon)
E. Salary of your parents per month
2.What is the academic performances average of Grade 11 ABM students

during 1st quarter?
3. What is the relationship of financial status and academic performances of

Grade 11 ABM students?
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
APPENDICES B TABLES OF SCORES.
1.1 Age
AGE f %
17 12 30%
15 4 10%
19 3 7.5%
16 15 37.5%
18 4 7.5%
20 1 2.5%
21 1 2.5%
N=40
1.2 Gender
f %
Male 17 42.5%
Female 23 57.5%
N=40
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
f %
4 3 7.5%
6 2 5%
10 2 5%
5 4 10%
3 8 20%
1 3 7.5%
9 1 2.5%
2 12 30%
7 3 7.5%
0 2 5%
N=40
1.4 Budget of going to school (Baon)

f %
150 5 12.5%
100 15 37.5%
120 3 7.5%
80 3 7.5%
170 2 5%
70 4 10%
60 1 2.5%
90 2 5%
50 2 5%
200 3 7.5%
N=40
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
f %
4,000 3 7.5%
5,000 3 7.5%
2,000 3 7.5%
15,000 6 15%
25,000 4 10%
3,000 4 10%
10,000 8 20%
20,000 3 7.5%
7,000 3 7.5%
1,500 3 7.5%
N=40
2. Average grade of Grade 11 ABM students during 1st quarter.

f %
80 4 10
85 5 12.5%
89 5 12.5%
91 4 10%
83 2 5%
90 6 15%
87 4 10%
92 4 10%
93 4 10%
79 2 5%
N=40
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN
BIBLIOGRAPHY
References
https;//www.timeshighereducation.com/news/student-money-problems-affect-
performace/98360.article
http://www.academia.edu/16591981/Financial_Status_and_Academic_Performance
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284551946_THE_IMPACT_OF_FINANCE_ON_THE_ACA
DEMIC_PERFORMANCE_OF_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_IN_AKWANGA_LOCAL_GOV
ERNEMENT_OF_NASSARAWA_STATE_NIGERIA
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.researchgate.net/publication/267233775_Influence_of_Age_Fin
ancial_Status_and_Gender_on_Academic_Performance_among_Undergraduates/amp
CURRICULUM VITAE
TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN

- 16 years old
- Grade 11 SHS (ABM)
- January 18, 2002
- Filipino
- North Carolina St. Joyous Heights Subd. Sitio Hinapao Brgy. San Jose, Antipolo City, Rizal

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RELATIONSHIP OF FINANCIAL STATUS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF GRADE 11 ABM STUDENTS IN SUMULONG COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN

Relationship of Financial Status and Academic

Submitted by: Tupas, Cristine Jan

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.3 Number of Siblings

1.4 Budget in going to school (Baon)

1.5 Salary of their parents per month

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Salary of parents per month

This study utilized the Phenomenological Theory of research specifically. The

SETTING OF THE STUDY

This research conducted in SUMULONG COLLEGE OF ARS AND SCIENCES. The

SUBJECT OF THE STUDY

PROCEDURE OF THE STUDY

1. Profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.3 Number of Siblings

1.4 Budget of going to school (Baon)

1.5 Salary of their parents per month.

2. Average grade of Grade 11 ABM students during 1st quarter.

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

Appendix A Survey Questionnaire

Sumulong College of Arts and Sciences

Relationship of Financial Status and Academic Performances of Grade 11

1. What is your profile in terms of:

D. Budget of going to school (Baon)

E. Salary of your parents per month

2.What is the academic performances average of Grade 11 ABM students

3. What is the relationship of financial status and academic performances of

1.4 Budget of going to school (Baon)

2. Average grade of Grade 11 ABM students during 1st quarter.

TUPAS, CRISTINE JAN

- Grade 11 SHS (ABM)

- January 18, 2002

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