PRESENT SIMPLE: YES/NO QUESTIONS

QUESTIONS

USE:
Para hacer preguntas sobre acciones en tiempo general que necesitan una respuesta de "sí" o
"no".
FORM:
Coloque DO o DOES delante del sujeto.
[DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB + REST]
Does he/she/it like milk?
Do I know him?
AFFIRMATIVE: She likes milk.
YES/NO QUESTION: Does she like milk?
ANSWERS

USE:
Para responder una pregunta de sí / no.
FORM:
[YES, SUBJECT + DO/DOES]
Yes, I/you/we/they do.
Yes, he/she/it does.
[NO, SUBJECT + DON'T/DOESN'T]
No, I/you/we/they don't.
No, he/she/it doesn't.
EXAMPLES:
"Do you work on Saturdays?"
"Yes, I do."
"Does he work on Saturdays?"
"No, he doesn't."
PRESENTE SIMPLE: Preguntas Wh

USO:
Realizar preguntas acerca de acciones en tiempo general que comienzan con los siguientes
interrogativos: WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO, WHY, HOW.
FORMA:
Preguntas acerca del SUJETO:

[WHO-WHAT + VERBO + RESTO]

Who lives here?

Preguntas acerca del RESTO DE LA ORACION:
[WH-WORD + DO/DOES... VERBO...]

When do you go home?

Where does he live?
EJEMPLOS:
"Who lives in that house?"
"The Porters."
"What does Jack want to do?"
"Go to the movies.
"Where do they work?"
"At the bank."

PRESENTE SIMPLE: PREGUNTAS CON COLETILLA

USO:
Realizar una pregunta sí/no cuando ya la respuesta ya es esperada
FORMA:
Añadir una pregunta corta de dos palabras al final de la frase.

Si se espera un "sí":
[ORACIÓN AFIRMATIVA + DON'T/DOESN'T + SUJETO]
You drive, don't you?
Carl paints, doesn't he?

Si se espera un "no":
[ORACIÓN NEGATIVA + DO/DOES + SUJETO]
You don't smoke, do you?
Mary doesn't drive, does she?

EJEMPLOS:
"You like coffee, don't you?"
"Yes, I do." (La respuesta esperada es un "si")
"She doesn't work here, does she?"
"No, she doesn't."(La respuesta esperada es un "no".)

PRESENT SIMPLE vs. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

USE:
El Presente simple se usa para hablar de tiempo general, estados y acciones repetidas.

El presente progresivo se usa para hablar de situaciones y acciones más temporales que están
sucediendo en el momento presente.

EXAMPLES:
Present Simple: "She plays tennis every Friday."
Present Progressive: "Pat is playing tennis now."

Present Simple: "Hans speaks very good English."

Present Progressive: "Now he's speaking English to that customer."

NOTE: Algunos verbos se usan solo en tiempos simples: Want, Like, Love, Hate, Need, Think, Know,
Understand, Believe, Mean.
 PRESENTE SIMPLE: ENUNCIADOS

USO:
Hablar de acciones, estados o hechos que suceden en cualquier momento, de forma repetida o
continuamente.
AFIRMATIVA
FORMA:
La tercera persona del singular añaden una -s final.
[SUJETO + VERBO(s) + RESTO DE LA ORACIÓN
I/You/We/They work in a bank.
He/She/It has brown eyes.
ORTOGRAFIA

Los verbos que acaban en ss, sh, ch, x, o añaden la terminación es a la tercera persona del
singular.kisses,matches, goes, watches
Para verbos que terminan en la consonante + y,cambian la y por la terminación -
ies: carry/carries,try/tries, copy/copies

NOTA: el presente simple se utiliza también con adverbios y frases adverbiales: Always,
Never,Often,Sometimes, Usually, Every day/week, On Sundays, Twice a month, year, etc.

EJEMPLOS:
"I often go to basketball games."
"He never watches TV."
"My brother goes to the health club twice a week."
"I always have coffee for breakfast."

NEGATIVA

FORMA:
[SUJETO+ DO NOT/DON'T+ VERBO+ RESTO DE LA ORACIÓN] DOES NOT/DOESN'T)

I/You/We/They don't drive in the city.

He/She/It doesn't have brown eyes..
EJEMPLO:
"Bill calls Mary, but he doesn't call me."

PRESENT SIMPLE
USE:
Para hablar sobre acciones, estados o eventos que ocurren en cualquier momento, repetidamente
o todo el tiempo.

STATEMENTS AFFIRMATIVE (DECLARACIONES AFIRMATIVO)

FORM:
Los verbos toman un -s que termina en tercera persona del singular.
[SUBJECT + VERB(s) + REST OF SENTENCE]
I/You/We/They work in a bank.
He/She/It has brown eyes.

ORTOGRAFÍA
Los verbos que terminan en ss, sh, ch, x, o toman -es en tercera persona
singular: kisses, matches, goes, watches

Para los verbos que terminan en consonante + "y elimine la "y" y agregue "ies":
carry/carries, try/tries, copy/copies

NOTE: El presente simple se usa a menudo con adverbios y frases de adverbio que indican
frecuencia: Always, Never, Often, Sometimes, Usually, Every day/week, On Sundays, Twice a
month, year, etc.
NEGATIVE

FORM:
[SUBJECT + DO NOT/DON'T + VERB + REST]

I/You/We/They don't drive in the city.

He/She/It doesn't have brown eyes.

YES/NO QUESTIONS
FORM:
[DO + SUBJECT + VERB + REST OF SENTENCE]
Do I/you/we/they know them?
[DOES + SUBJECT + VERB + REST OF SENTENCE]
Does he/she/it like milk?
WH-QUESTIONS

FORM:
Preguntas sobre el ASUNTO:
[WH-WORD + VERB + REST OF SENTENCE]
Who lives here?

Preguntas sobre el RESTO DE LA SENTENCIA:

[WH-WORD + DO/DOES... VERB...]
Where does he live?
When do you go home?
ANSWERS

FORM:

[YES, SUBJECT + DO/DOES]

Yes, I do.
Yes, he does.
[NO, SUBJECT + DON'T/DOESN'T]
No, we don't
No, she doesn't.

TAG QUESTIONS
Si se espera "sí":

[FRASE AFIRMATIVA + DON'T/DOESN'T + SUBJECT]

You drive, don't you?

Carl paints, doesn't he?

Si se espera "no":

[NEGATIVE SENTENCE + DO/DOES + SUBJECT]

You don't smoke, do you?

Mary doesn't drive, does she?
vs. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

USE:
El Presente simple se usa para hablar de tiempo general, estados y acciones repetidas.
El presente progresivo se utiliza para hablar de situaciones y acciones más temporales que están
sucediendo en el momento presente.

EXAMPLES:
Present Simple: "Pat plays tennis every Friday."
Present Progressive: "She is playing tennis now."

Present Simple: "Hans speaks very good English."

Present Progressive: "Now he is speaking English to that tourist."

"BE" PRESENTE: AFIRMATIVO

USO:
Para conectar el sujeto con el resto de la sentencia.

FORMA:
am, is, are (en el the Present Tense)
[SUBJECT + BE + REST OF SENTENCE]

I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
 We Are
You Are
They Are
EJEMPLOS:
"My name is Maurice."
"I am your waiter."
"We are hungry."

"BE" PRESENTE: NEGATIVO

USO:
Hacer una sentencia negativa
FORMA:
Agregar "not" despues del verbo "BE".
[SUJETO + BE + NOT + RESTO DE LA SENTENCIA]

I am not
You are not
She is not
He is not
It is not

We are not
You are not
They are not

EJEMPLOS:
"This dress is not my size."
"They are not happy."

"BE" PRESENT: WH-QUESTIONS

USE:
Realizar preguntas que comiencen con estas palabras de interrogación:
WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO, WHY, HOW.

FORM:
[INTERROGATIVO + BE + SUJETO + RESTO]

NOTA: el sujeto y el verbo cambian de lugar.

They are at work.

Are they at work?
Where are they? (Wh-Question)

EXAMPLES:
"Who is she?"
"Where are they?"
"When are they leaving?"
"What is your cat's name?"
"Why is Carol smiling?"

"BE" PRESENTE: PREGUNTAS SI/NO

USO:
Realizar preguntas cuya respuesta sea "yes" o "not".
.
FORMA:
El sujeto y el verbo cambian de lugar.

Afirmativa: They are at work.

Pregunta Si/No: Are they at work?
Afirmativa: That store is expensive.
Pregunta Si/No: Is that store expensive?
EJEMPLOS:
"Are you angry?"
"Is Bob in France?"
"BE" PRESENTE: CONTRACCIONES
USO:
Unir el sujeto y la forma de "BE" y convertirlos en una palabra. Se utiliza en conversación.
FORMA:
FORMAS AFIRMATIVAS

Regular Form Contracted Form

I am I'm
You are You're
He is He's
She is She's
It is It's

We are We're
You are You're
They are They're

FORMAS NEGATIVAS

Forma regular Forma contraida

I am not I'm not
You are not You're not You aren't
He is not He's not He isn't
She is not She's not She isn't
It is not It's not It isn't
 We are not We're not We aren't
You are not You're not You aren't
They are not They're not They aren't

EJEMPLOS:
"Who's next?"
"I'm next!"
"No, you aren't. We'renext!"

"BE" PRESENTE: RESPUESTAS CORTAS

USO:
Para responder a una pregunta si/no. n.
FORM:
[SI + SUJETO + BE]

(nunca con contracciones)

[NO + SUJETO + BE + NOT]
(con frecuencia con contracciones)

AFIRMATIVO
Yes, I am.
Yes, you are.
Yes, he is.
Yes, she is.
Yes, it is.

Yes, we are.
Yes, you are.
Yes, they are.
NEGATIVO
No, I'm not.
No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, he's not. No, he isn't.
No, it's not. No, it isn't.

No, we're not. No, we aren't.

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, they're not. No, they aren't.
EJEMPLOS:
"Is this your dog?"
"Yes, it is."
"Is this your dog?"
"No, it isn't."
"BE" PRESENT: TAG QUESTIONS

USE:
Se utiliza para realizar una pregunta sí/no cuando ya se espera una determinada respuesta.
FORM:
Añadir una pregunta corta de dos palabras al final de la frase.

Si se espera un "sí":
[ORACIÓN AFIRMATIVA + BE + N'T + SUJETO]

Si se espera un "no":
[ORACIÓN NEGATIVA + BE + SUJETO]

EXAMPLES:
"Today is your birthday, isn't it?"
"Yes, it is."(Se espera que la respuesta sea "sí".)

"Today isn't your birthday, is it?"

"No, it isn't."(Se espera que la respuesta sea "no".)

"BE" PRESENT

USE:
Para conectar el sujeto con el resto de la oración.

EXAMPLES:
"Are you the manager?"
"No, I'm not. She's the manager."

AFFIRMATIVE

FORM:

[SUBJECT + BE + REST OF SENTENCE]

I am at home.
You are pretty.
He/She/It is here.

We/You/They are at school.

EXAMPLE:
"I am tired."

NEGATIVE

FORM:

[SUBJECT + BE + NOT+ REST OF SENTENCE]

I am not tired.
You are not nice.
She/He/It is not here.

We/You/They are not at work.

EXAMPLE:
"We are not hungry."

POSITIVE CONTRACTIONS

I'm here.
You're here.
He's/She's/It's here.
We're/You're/They're here.

NEGATIVE CONTRACTIONS

I'm not here.

You're not here. You arn't here.
He's not here. He isn't here.
She's not here. She isn't here.
It's not here. It isn't here.

We're not here. We aren't here.

You're not here. You aren't here.
They're not here. They aren't here.

EXAMPLE:
Frank isn't at home today.
Frank's not at work today.
YES/NO QUESTIONS

USE:
Para hacer preguntas que necesitan una respuesta de "sí" o "no". El sujeto y el verbo "BE" cambian
de lugar.

Statement: He is at home.
Yes/No Question: Is heat home?

Statement: They are at work now.

Yes/No Question: Are they at work now?
EXAMPLE:
"Are you in the living room?"

POSITIVE SHORT ANSWERS

USE:
Para dar una respuesta positiva a una pregunta de sí / no (nunca se usa con contracciones).
FORM:
[YES + SUBJECT + BE]

Yes, I am.
Yes, you are.
Yes, he/she/it is.
Yes, we/you/they are.
NEGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS
USE:
Para dar una respuesta negativa a una pregunta sí / no (a menudo se usa con contracciones).
FORM:
[NO + SUBJECT + BE + N'T]

No, I'm not

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, he's not. No, he isn't.
No, it's not. No, it isn't.

No, we're not. No, we aren't.

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, they're not. No, they aren't.

EXAMPLE:
"Are you tired today?"
"No, I'm not."

WH-QUESTIONS

USE:
Para hacer preguntas que comienzan con estas palabras de pregunta:
WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO, WHY, HOW.

FORM: [QUESTION WORD + BE + SUBJECT + REST]

NOTE: El sujeto y el verbo cambian de lugar.

They are at work now.
Are they at work now?
Where are they now? (WH-Question)

EXAMPLE: "What is his name?"

 TAG QUESTIONS

USE:
Hacer una pregunta sí / no cuando ya se espera una respuesta determinada. Agregue una breve
pregunta de dos palabras al final de la declaración.
FORM:
If "yes" is expected:
[AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE + BE + N'T + SUBJECT]

If "no" is expected:
[NEGATIVE SENTENCE + BE + SUBJECT]

EXAMPLES:
"You are tired, aren't you?"
"Yes, I am."

"He isn't at work, is he?"

"No, he isn't."

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: AFIRMATIVO

USO:
Describir acciones que están ocurriendo ahora o en el futuro.

FORMA:
[SUJETO + BE + VERBOing + RESTO DE LA ORACIÓN]

I am waiting for you.

You are eating my cake.
He/She/It is sleeping now.

We are going tomorrow.

You are walking too fast.
They are studying English this year.
EJEMPLOS:
"I am trying to study."
"He is eating an apple."
"Our secretary is eating lunch."
"We are meeting them tonight."

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: NEGATIVO

USO:
Describir una acción que no está ocurriendo ahora o en el futuro.
FORMA:
[SUJET + BE + NOT + VERBO+ing (+ REST)]
 I am not driving.
You are not listening.
She is not working.
He is not working.
It is not working.

We are not studying.

You are not waiting.
They are not talking.
EJEMPLOS:
"It is not raining anymore."
"I am not going to the party tonight."

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: PREGUNTAS -WH

USO:
Realizar preguntas que comienzan con las siguientes palabras de interrogación: WHAT, WHEN,
WHERE, WHO, WHY, HOW
FORMA:
[PALABRA DE INTERROGACIÓN + BE + SUJETO + VERBOing + RESTO]
NOTA: el sujeto y la forma de "BE" cambian de lugar.
They are working at home now.
Are they working at home now?
Where are they working now? (Wh-Question)
EJEMPLO:
"What are you doing now?"
"I'm watching a movie on TV."
PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: PREGUNTAS SI/NO

USO:
Realizar preguntas que requieren "sí" o "no" como respuesta
FORMA
El sujeto y la forma de "BE" cambian de lugar.

Enunciado: He is sleeping.
Pregunta SI/NO: Is he sleeping?

Enunciado: They are working now.

Pregunta SI/NO: Are they working now?
EJEMPLOS:
"Are you listening to me?"
"Is your sister moving to New York?"

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: RESPUESTAS CORTAS

USO:
Responder a una pregunta sí/no.
FORMA:
[YES + SUJETO + BE] (nunca se utiliza con contracciones)
[NO + SUJETO + BE + NOT] (a menudo se utiliza con contracciones)
AFIRMATIVA
Yes, I am.
Yes, you are.
Yes, he is.
Yes, she is.
Yes, it is.

Yes, we are.
Yes, you are.
Yes, they are.
NEGATIVA

No, I'm not.

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, he's not. No, he isn't.
No, it's not. No, it isn't.

No, we're not. No, we aren't.

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, they're not. No, they aren't.

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: CONTRACCIONES

USO:
Unir el sujeto y la forma de "BE" y convertirlos en una palabra. Se emplea en conversación.
FORMA:
FORMAS AFIRMATIVAS

Forma Regular Forma Contraída

I am going. I'm going.
You are going. You're going.
He is going. He's going.
She is going. She's going.
It is going. It's going.
We are going. We're going.
You are going. You're going.
They are going. They're going.
EJEMPLOS:
He is taking the bus.
He's taking the bus.
FORMAS NEGATIVAS

I'm not working.

You're not working. You aren't working.
He's not working. He isn't working.
 She's not working. She isn't working.
It's not working It isn't working.

We're not working. We aren't working.

You're not working. You aren't working.
They're not working. They aren't working.

EJEMPLOS:
"Frank is not driving to work today."
"Frank isn't driving to work today."
"Frank's not driving to work today."

EJEMPLOS:
"Marie, are you enjoying the party?"
"Yes, I am."
"Are we leaving now?"
"No, we aren't."

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO: CAMBIOS DE ORTOGRAFIA

USO:
La ortografía de algunos verbos cambia cuando se añade "ing".
FORMA:
En la mayoría de los verbos que terminan en consonante- vocal-consonante, se duplica la última
letra:
stop - stopping
En los verbos que acaban en "e", eliminar la"e" antes de añadir "ing":
have - having
give - giving
EJEMPLOS:
"I'm having a great time in Paris."
"The bus driver is stopping the bus."

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: TAG QUESTIONS

USE:
Se utiliza para hacer preguntas sí/no cuando ya se espera una determinada respuesta.
FORM:
Añadir una pregunta corta de dos palabras al final de la frase.

Si se espera "sí":
[AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE + BE + N'T + SUBJECT]

Si se espera "No":
[NEGATIVE SENTENCE + BE + SUBJECT]

EXAMPLES:
"That man is following us, isn't he?"
"Yes, he is."(Se espera un sí)
"You aren't leaving, are you?"
"No, I'm not."(Se espera un no)

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

USE:
Para describir acciones que están sucediendo ahora o en el futuro.

EXAMPLES:
"That man is following us, isn't he?"
"Yes, he is."

"You aren't leaving, are you?"

"No, I'm not."

AFFIRMATIVE

FORM:

[SUBJECT + BE + VERB+ing+ REST]

I am waiting for Sam.

You are eating my cake.
He/She/It is sleeping now.

We/You/They are going tomorrow.

EXAMPLE:
"I am trying to study."

SPELLING CHANGES (CAMBIOS DE ORTOGRAFÍA)

USE:
La ortografía de algunos verbos cambia cuando se agrega "ing". Para la mayoría de los verbos que
terminan en consonante-vocal-consonante, duplique la última letra:
stop, stopping

Para los verbos que terminan en "e", suelte la "e" antes de agregar "ing":
have, having give, giving live, living

EXAMPLE:
"I'm having fun in Paris."
 NEGATIVE

FORM:

[SUBJECT + BE + NOT+ VERB+ing(+ REST)]

I am not driving.
You are not listening.
He/She/It is not working.

We/You/They are not studying.

EXAMPLE:
"It is not raining anymore."

POSITIVE CONTRACTIONS

I'm going.
You're going.
He's/She's/It's going.
We're/You're/They're going.

NEGATIVE CONTRACTIONS

I'm not working.

You're not working. You aren't working.
He's not working. He isn't working.
She's not working. She isn't working.
It's not working. It isn't working.

We're not working. You aren't working.

You're not working. You aren't working.
They're not working. They aren't working.

EXAMPLES:
"Frank isn't driving to work today."
"Frank's not driving to work today."

YES/NO QUESTIONS

USE:
Para hacer preguntas que necesitan una respuesta de "sí" o "no". El sujeto y la forma del verbo
"BE" cambian de lugar ".

Statement: He is sleeping.
Yes/No Question: Is he sleeping?
Statement: They are working now.
Yes/No Question: Are they working now?

EXAMPLE:
"Are you listening to me?"
POSITIVE SHORT ANSWERS

USE:
Para responder a una pregunta que requiere una respuesta "sí" (nunca se usa con contracciones).

FORM:

[YES + SUBJECT + BE]

Yes, I am.
Yes, you are.
Yes, he/she/it is.
Yes, we/you/they are.

EXAMPLE:
"Are you listening to me?"
"Yes I am."

NEGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS

USE:
Para responder a una pregunta que requiere una respuesta "no" (a menudo se usa con
contracciones).

FORM:

[NO+ SUBJECT + BE+ NOT

No, I'm not.
No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, he's not. No, he isn't.
No, it's not. No, it isn't.

No, we're not. No, we aren't.

No, you're not. No, you aren't.
No, they're not. No, they aren't.

EXAMPLE:
"Marie, are you enjoying the party?"
"No, I'm not."
 WH-QUESTIONS

USE:
Para hacer preguntas que comienzan con las siguientes palabras de pregunta:
WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO, WHY, HOW.

FORM:
[QUESTION WORD + BE + SUBJECT + VERBing + REST]

NOTE: El sujeto y la forma del verbo "BE" cambian de lugar.

They are working at home now.
Are they working at home now?
Where are they working now?(Wh-Question)
EXAMPLE:
"What are you doing now?"

TAG QUESTIONS

USE:
Hacer una pregunta sí / no cuando ya se espera una respuesta determinada. Agregue una breve
pregunta de dos palabras al final de la declaración.

FORM: Si se espera "sí":

[AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE + BE + N'T + SUBJECT]

Si se espera "no":
[NEGATIVE SENTENCE + BE + SUBJECT]

EXAMPLES:
"He's leaving, isn't he?" "Yes, he is."
"You aren't going, are you?" "No, I'm not."