Gambalan, Ida Marie Andrea M.

BSND1B

MICROBIAL WORLD

Infectious Agents
Organisms
(Non-living)
(Living)

Viruses Viroids Prions

Domain Bacteria Archaea Eucarya

Prokaryotes

(Unicellular) Eukaryotes

Protozoa
Fungi
Algae Helminths
(Unicellular) (Unicellular or
(Unicellular or multicellular) (Multicellular
multicellular) parasites)

Protists
1. Bacteria
 prokaryotes that evolved first on earth
 does not contain membrane bound nucleus
 reproduces by “prokaryotic fission”
 membrane lipids are ester-linked, straight chained fatty acids
2. Archaea
 Group of primitive bacteria living in aquatic and terrestrial environments
 Can be spherical, rod shaped, plate-shaped
 Membrane lipids are ether-linked, branched isoprene-derived chains
3. Eukarya
 Evolved from bacteria
 Membrane lipids are ester-linked, straight chained fatty acids

4. Algae
 Cellulose cell walls
 Uses photosynthesis for energy
 Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds
 Examples: Diatom, Euglenoids, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii,
5. Protozoa
 Absorb or ingest organic chemicals
 May be motile via pseudopods, cilia or flagella
 Examples: Rhizopoda, Sarcodina, Sporozoa, Amoebozoa, Sarcomastigophora,
Mycetozoa, Tritrichomonas foetus, Protozoa craspedophyceae, Cryptomonad,
Cladophora glomerata, ascophyllum nodosum, caulerpa lentillifera, caulerpa
laxifolia, ascophyllum nodosum, arthrospira platensis, laminaria digitata
6. Fungi
 Use organic chemicals for energy
 Chitin cell walls
 Molds and mushrooms are multicellular consisting of masses of mycelia, which
are composed of filaments called hyphae
 Examples: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Eomycota, Microsporidia,
Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Glomeromycota, Hyphomycetes,
Neocallimastigomycota
7. Helminths
 Worm-like parasites
 Invertebrates characterized by elongated, flat, or round bodies.
 Examples: flukes (trematodes0, tapeworms (cestodes), roundworms
(nematodes)
8. Viruses
 Consists of DNA or RNA core
 Core is surrounded by a protein coat “capsid”
 Coat may be enclosed in a lipid envelope
 Viruses are repl icated only when they are in living host cell
 Examples: Poxvirus, polio virus, flu virus, tobacco mosaic virus
 9. Viroids
 Consists of only short strand of circular RNA capable of self-replication
 Can cause devastating loss of commercially important agricultural food crops
grown in the field
 Causes diseases in plants
 Examples: tomato planta macho viroid (TPMVd), Avocado sunblotch viroid
(ASBVd), Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd), potato spindle tuber viroid
10. Prions
 Proteinaceous infectious particles
 Acellular
 Misfolded rogue form of normal protein found in the cell
 Resistant to heat, chemicals and radiation
 Known to cause various forms of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy

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https://www.scribd.com/doc/17408450/Microbiology-and-Parasitology

Hipolito, M. S. (n.d.). Burton's Microbiology Ch1. Retrieved December 09, 2018, from
https://www.scribd.com/doc/12445366/Burton-s-Microbiology-Ch1

Baron, S. (n.d.). Medical Microbiology. Retrieved December 09, 2018, from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7627/