International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)

Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2019, pp.327–341, Article ID: IJCIET_10_01_031

Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

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FINANCIAL LITERACY LEAD TO

EMPOWERING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC
CONDITION OF TRIBALS THROUGH
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Dr. Sasmita Samanta
Professor, KIIT deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Ajaya Kumar Nanda

KISS Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

ABSTRACT
The present paper makes an attempt to study the Financial Literacy lead to
Empowering the Socio-economic condition of Tribals through informationa
technology and its impact on the day to day life of the rural people. For this purpose
the questionnaire is developed and distributed . In our study we found that the
Information Technology ( IT) have made significant contribution in the life of the
tribal people in some areas and still long way to go . It changed the life style of the
people and a the rural people able to find new markets for their products .
Keywords: Financial Literacy, Iinformation Technology, Perception And Tribal Area,
Socio-Economic Conditions.

Cite this Article: Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda, Financial Literacy
Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through Information
Technology, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 10
(1), 2019, pp. 327–341.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=1

AN OVERVIEW
Tribal population is largely spread over various parts of Odisha and they have their own
distinctive characteristics which make them unique. The Census Report 2011, highlighted that
the state has a total population of 41,947,218. Out of that a significant share (22.1%) goes to
tribal population of 81,45,081. In fact, most of the tribal communities are affected by the
developmental projects undertaken by various agencies. Thus, they have become the most
vulnerable section of the society. They are also exploited by the age old social and cultural
norms and with the help of various developmental issues. Most of the developmental benefits
have not accrued to them. They are different in terms of way they speak, the way they live

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

their lives, in terms of their cultural milieu and various other habits. Geographical habitation
of the tribals is also another sphere which often keeps them detached from the mainstream
society. The massive dominated of the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population is located at southern
as well as western part of the state such as, Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabarangapur, Rayagada,
Balangir, Subarnapur, Kalahandi and Nuapada. Originally these 8 districts are undivided
Koraput, Balangir and Kalahandi which are popularly known as KBK districts have huge
concentration of ST population. The socio economic conditions of such segments are
remaining unchanged due to lack of financial literacy. The theoretical explorations of many
researchers have emphasized glaring impact and significance of financial literacy for the
development of socio-economic growth of tribal society. According to Mutatkar (2005),
inequality of income is one of the key issues of the poverty elevation. Some other studies
reported that social exclusion may be less stigmatizing than poverty and therefore more
acceptable to public opinion (Estivill,2003; Fischer, 2008).The study conducted by Erigala
(2012), reported that scheduled tribes population of the country have suffered exclusion,
isolation and under development due to their being ethnically different from main stream
Indian society. According to Papola (2012) source of income and livelihoods are the
important ingredients of poverty alleviation. Therefore, financial literacy program plays the
most significant role to change their financial behavior & strength of their economic growth.

Table 1 -‘Gender- wise Awareness of Financial Products’

Category No of % Based on
Gender Financial Products Respondents Gender
Banking Products 124 51.0
Post Office Products 105 43.2
Male-243 Insurance 79 32.5
Mutual Fund 12 4.9
Share & Bonds 4 1.6
Banking Products 80 47.3
Post Office Products 65 38.4
Female-169 Insurance 21 12.4
Mutual Fund 0 0
Share & Bonds 0 0
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

Figure 1

Table 2 ‘Type of Financial Service Providers Available at the Local place’

Financial Services provider Perception of the respondents % base on total respondent
Bank 231 56.1
Post Office 204 49.5
Microfinance Organizations 312 75.7
Local Money Lenders 347 84.2
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

Figure 2

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

Table 3 ‘Gender-wise Awareness of Types of Banking Facilities’

Category No of
% Based on Gender
Gender Response Respondents
Branch Banking 116 47.8
ATM/Debit Card 86 35.4
Male-243
Internet Banking 25 10.2
Mobile Banking 16 6.6
Branch Banking 79 46.7
ATM/Debit Card 52 30.7
Female-169
Internet Banking 29 17.2
Mobile Banking 9 5.4
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

Figure-3

Table 4 ‘Gender- wise Attendance at Financial Awareness Camp by Using of Information Technology’
Category Number of % Based on
Gender Response respondent Respondent
Yes 78 32.1
Male-243
No 165 67.9
Yes 64 37.9
Female-169
No 105 62.1
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

Figure-4

Table 5 Gender-wise Feedback about Effectiveness of Financial Awareness Camp by using of

Information Technology
Category No of
% Based on Gender
Gender Response Respondents
Yes 56 23.0
Male-243 No 158 65.0
Can't Say 29 12.0
Yes 57 33.7
Female-169 No 89 52.7
Can't Say 23 13.6
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

Figure-5

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

OBJECTIVES
 To know the impact of Financial Literacy through Information Technology to strengthen the
socio-economic Condition in Tribal dominated areas of Odisha.
 To know the perception level of the participants under the study area.
 To make suggestions based on findings.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

 The sample size is limtied, it may not represent the view of all the people of tribal area
 The period of study is for 6 months i.e June 2018 December 2018.
 The study is restricted to Koraput distict of Odisha only.

SAMPLING PLAN
In support of the objective of the research there is a primary research questionaire
admistration method in the field through stratified random sampling method covering the
Koraput district, Intially 7 blocks are selected randomly from 14 blocks.In the second stage,
10 village are identified where only tribal people are living and in the 3rd stage 10 household
are identified from whome the data will be collected in basic of regional, geographical,
economic, cultural, lingual and settlemalet wise. Total 700 questionaires served and 412
response received in correct & the response rate for this study stands at 58%. The sample
includes service holder, students, business male, house wives etc.

Table 6 Gender- wise distribution and collection of questionnaire from the different part of the
Koraput district’
Particulars Questionaire served Response received %
Tribal Male below 30 years 175 131 31.79
Tribal Female below 30 years 175 93 22.58
Tribal Male above 30 years 175 112 27.18
Tribal Female above 30 years 175 76 18.45
Total 700 412 100

Figure-6

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

METHODOLOGY
The present work is based on the primary data. For collecting primary data are about 700
questionnaires distributed in tribal area in the Koraput District. However 412 responded
response received in correct. This is 58% of the total questionnaires distributed, of which 217
are male and rest are female. To analyze the data and derive results from it percentage method
is used. This is suitable method to compare, keeping in view the objective of the study.

Table 7 Frequency Distribution of Knowledge about the Information Technology in the Study area
Awareness and Awareness,
Awareness
availability Availability and use
Items
Female - Male Female -
Male -243 Female-169 Male -243
169 -243 169
Computer 73 45 68 31 81 41
Laptop 39 31 39 28 39 39
Internet 41 20 46 32 36 32
Web- camera 25 19 24 20 26 11
Animation 34 28 29 22 20 18
Pen drive 31 26 37 36 41 28

Figure-7

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

PERCEPTION OF THE RESPONDENTS

Table 8 Do you feel the information technology helped in financial literacy of tribal population?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 61 24 10 20 16 131
Female 31 26 22 8 6 93
Above 30
Male 38 27 24 15 8 112
Female 26 16 15 12 7 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

Figure-8
Interpretation: Table No-10 explains the perception of respondents about whether the
information technology helped in financial literacy. It is observe that majority of respondents
feel the information technology helped to financial literacy. So, it is clear that it plays an
important role in this direction.

Table 9 Do you think that information technology helped in transformation in the tribal area?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 65 23 18 13 12 131
Female 24 19 21 16 13 93
Above 30
Male 36 22 21 16 17 112
Female 19 17 13 10 17 76
Source: Compiled from filed surveY

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

Figure-9
Interpretation: Table No-11 explains the perception of respondents’ wheter the information
technology helped in transformation in the study area..It is observe that majority of
respondents feel the information technology transformed the life in the tribal dominated areas.

Table 10 Do you feel that teaching methodology in schools and colleges in tribal area changed
drastically with the use of Information of technology?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 60 21 20 19 11 131
Female 22 19 24 18 10 93
Above 30
Male 30 24 16 28 14 112
Female 16 14 13 16 17 76

Source: Compiled from filed survey

Figure-10

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

Interpretation: Table No-12 explains the perception of respondents about the feel that
teaching methodology in schools and colleges in tribal area changed drastically with the use
of Information of technology. It is observed that majority of respondents feel the information
technology helped to financial literacy than the other above parameter.

Table 11 Do you feel that information technology effects your interpersonal life?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 28 22 19 20 12 131
Female 25 20 17 18 13 93
Above 30
Male 29 22 25 17 19 112
Female 16 13 11 17 19 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

Figure-11
Interpretation: Table No-13 explains the perception of respondents about feel that
information technology effects your interpersonal life. It is observed that majority of
respondents feels the information technology help to financial literacy than the other above
parameter. Therefore it is the positive indication of the respondents to useful of information
technology in their financial literacy programme.

Table 12 Do you feel that information technology will help in compensate for lonliness in lives tribal
people?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 56 24 19 15 17 131
Female 24 19 16 16 18 93
Above 30
Male 34 22 16 28 12 112
Female 17 12 16 11 20 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

Figure 12
Interpretation: Table No-14 explains the perception of respondents about feel that
information technology will help in compensate for lonliness in lives tribal people. It is
observed that majority of respondents feels that the information technology helped them to
financial literacy.

Table 13 Does family background effects use of information technology and its awareness?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 60 31 15 14 11 131
Female 26 18 16 19 14 93
Above 30
Male 36 21 24 20 11 112
Female 18 17 18 11 12 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

Figure-13

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

Interpretation: Table No-15 explains the perception of respondents about family background
effects use of information technology and its awareness. It is observed that the majority of
respondents feel the information technology help to financial literacy.

Table 14 Does the financial soundness of the family effect the use of information technology?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 59 22 21 19 10 131
Female 21 16 19 20 17 93
Above 30
Male 35 23 22 19 13 112
Female 21 11 12 11 21 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

Figure-14
Interpretation: Table No-14 explains the perception of respondents about the financial
soundness of the family effect the use of information technology. It is observed that the
majority of respondents feel the information technology help to financial literacy.

Table 15 Do you feel that with the help of the information technology the rural and urban gap reduced
and now the concpet changed into literate and illetrate?
Sex To a great extent To some extent Don’tknow Little bit Not at all Total
Below 30
Male 57 19 15 24 16 131
Female 22 15 18 23 15 93
Above 30
Male 42 19 20 19 12 112
Female 21 16 11 13 15 76
Source: Compiled from filed survey

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 Financial Literacy Lead To Empowering The Socio-Economic Condition of Tribals Through
Information Technology

Figure-15
Interpretation: Table No-15 explains the perception of respondents about feel that with the
help of the information technology the rural and urban gap reduced and now the concpet
changed into literate and illetrate.

Table 16 ‘Gender- wise Frequency of Usage of Bank accounts before financial Awareness Camp’
Category No of
% Based on Gender
Gender Usage of Bank accounts Respondents
Daily 23 9.47
Once in a Week 29 11.94
Male-243 Once in a fortnight 41 16.87
Once in a month 52 21.40
Not on a regular basis 98 40.32
Daily 19 11.24
Once in a Week 16 9.47
Female-169 Once in a fortnight 27 15.98
Once in a month 31 18.34
Not on a regular basis 76 44.97
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

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 Dr. Sasmita Samanta and Ajaya Kumar Nanda

Table 17 Gender- wise Frequency of Usage of Bank accounts after financial Awareness Camp by
using Information Technology’
Category No of
% Based on Gender
Gender Usage of Bank accounts Respondents
Daily 147 60.49
Once in a Week 33 13.58
Male-243 Once in a fortnight 25 10.29
Once in a month 18 7.41
Not on a regular basis 20 8.23
Daily 76 44.97
Once in a Week 18 10.66
Female-169 Once in a fortnight 15 8.88
Once in a month 21 12.42
Not on a regular basis 39 23.07
Source: Collected through Questionnaire

Concluding Note
Information techonology plays an important role for effective implementing the financial
literacy programme. This helps the stakeholders to know about the various financial
instrumalet like Net banking, Mobile banking,Paytm, Debit Card, Credit Card etc .The
development of any economy depends upon development of all the stakeholders. No economy
can perform well by ignoring one segment of the society. For the overall development of the
country these under privileged segment cannot be sidelined. There is significant improvement
in the banking habits observed during our study. It seems that the traditional mind set of tribal
people have changed a lot. The concept of literate and illiterate have gradually reduced to a
great extent.

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Information Technology

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