CI72A EJERCICIO 2

APLICACION ELEMENTOS FINITOS: PROBLEMA DE TENSIONES PLANAS

SERGIO GUTIÉRREZ COFRÉ, 12/11/2010.

1. Datos Generales ORIGIN := 1

A B A A := 2 D := 0.2

B := 1.6 H := 2

C := 0.5

Eh := 25000
H
νs := 0.16

C D E D C

Número de nodos: n := 65 Número de elementos: Ne := 48

2. Coordenadas de los nodos

f := 4 Número de filas de elementos
n1 := 4 n2 := 5 n3 := 1 n4 := 2 Número de elementos por fila ef := n1 + n2 + n3 + n4
ef = 12

Altura de los elementos H

h := h= 0.5
f

Ancho de los elementos

B
2
b1 := b1 = 0.2
n1
A−C−D
b2 := b2 = 0.26
n2
D
b3 := b3 = 0.2
n3

C
b4 := b4 = 0.25
n4
 Nodos por fila nf := ef + 1 Filas de nodos fn := f + 1

Fila r de nodos r := 1 .. fn i := 1 .. nf y := −h ⋅ ( r − 1)
i+ nf ⋅ ( r− 1)

i := 1 .. n1 + 1 x := ( i − 1) ⋅ b1
i := 1 .. n2 x := n1⋅ b1 + b2⋅ i
i+ nf ⋅ ( r− 1) i+ n1+ 1+ nf ⋅ ( r− 1)

i := 1 .. n3 x := n1⋅ b1 + n2⋅ b2 + b3⋅ i

i+ n1+ n2+ 1+ nf ⋅ ( r−1)

i := 1 .. n4 x := n1⋅ b1 + n2⋅ b2 + n3⋅ b3 + b4⋅ i

i+ n1+ n2+ n3+1+nf ⋅ ( r− 1)

0.5

y 1

1.5

2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

x
 3. Conectividad de los elementos

 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51
 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
c := 
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

4. Funciones de Interpolación

 −1   −1 
1  −1 
ξ :=   η :=  
1 1
   
 −1  1

i := 1 .. 4

N
1, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
2, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
3, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i) N
4, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i)

1 0 0 0 
0 1 0 0  Chequeo
N= 
0 0 1 0
 
0 0 0 1

5. Funciones de interpolación en los puntos de integración

Coordenadas de Gauss ε := 0.5773502692

1 1
1  −1  1
ξ := ε   η := ε   1
−1 1 w :=  
    1
 
 −1   1
−
1
i := 1 .. 4

N
1, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
2, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
3, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i) N
4, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i)
 6. Derivadas de las funciones de interpolación

Nξ1 , i := − ⋅
1
4
(1 − η i) Nη1 , i := − ⋅
1
4
(1 − ξ i)

Nξ2 , i :=
1
4
⋅ ( 1 − η i) Nη2 , i := − ⋅
1
4
(1 + ξ i)

Nξ3 , i :=
1
4
( 1 + η i)
⋅ Nη3 , i :=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)

Nξ4 , i := − ⋅
1
4
(1 + η i) Nη4 , i :=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)

7. Jacobiano y su determinante para los puntos de integración

e := 1 .. Ne
j := 1 .. 4

J11
i, e
:=
∑ (Nξj, i⋅xc ) j,e
J12
i, e
:=
∑ (Nξj, i⋅yc ) j,e
j j

J21
i, e
:=
∑ (Nη j, i⋅xc ) j,e
J22
i, e
:=
∑ (Nη j, i⋅yc ) j,e
j
j

 J11i , e J12i , e 
J :=  
i, e  J21i , e J22i , e 
 
Determinante del Jacobiano

detJ := J11 ⋅ J22 − J12 ⋅ J21

i, e i, e i, e i, e i, e

8. Formación de la matriz de deformaciones unitarias B

 J22i , e −J12i , e 0 0 
⋅ 0 −J21 
1
A := 0
i, e
J11
i, e
i, e detJ  
i, e
 −J21i , e J11i , e J22i , e −J12i , e 
 
  Nξ1 , i 0 Nξ2 , i 0 Nξ3 , i 0 Nξ4 , i 0 
 
 Nη1 , i 0 Nη2 , i 0 Nη3 , i 0 Nη4 , i 0 
G :=  
i, e
 0 Nξ1 , i 0 Nξ2 , i 0 Nξ3 , i 0 Nξ4 , i 
 0 Nη1 , i 0 Nη2 , i 0 Nη3 , i 0 Nη4 , i 
 

B := A ⋅G
i, e i, e i, e
9. Matrices constitutivas de los elementos (tensiones planas)

k := 1 .. Ne E := Eh ν k := νs
k

 1 νe 0 
E  
ν 1
⋅ e 
e 0
D :=
2  
1 − ( ν e)
e
1 − νe
0 0 
 2 
10. Matrices de rigidez de los elementos

∑ wi⋅Bi, e ⋅De⋅Bi, e⋅detJi, e

T
K :=
e
i

k := 1 .. 2⋅ n l := 1 .. 2⋅ n

Kt := 0
k, l

i := 1 .. 4 j := 1 .. 4 e := 1 .. Ne

Kt
( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 := Kt( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 + (Ke)2⋅ i−1 , 2⋅ j−1

Kt
( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 := Kt( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 + (Ke)2⋅ i , 2⋅ j−1

Kt
( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 := Kt( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+1 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 + (Ke)2⋅ i−1 , 2⋅ j
Kt
( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 := Kt( ci , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 , ( c j , e−1) ⋅ 2+2 + (Ke)2⋅ i , 2⋅ j
11. Condiciones de Apoyo inf := 1010

Kt1 , 1 := inf

Kt27 , 27 := inf
Kt130 , 130 := inf
Kt53 , 53 := inf

Kt79 , 79 := inf

Kt105 , 105 := inf

12. Vector de cargas k := 1 .. 2⋅ n

P := 0
k

P2 := −1
P4 := −1
P6 := −1
P8 := −1
P10 := −1

P124 := 2.5

P126 := 2.5

13. Solución para los desplazamientos

−1
d := Kt ⋅P

k := 1 .. n xdef := x + 80⋅ d ydef := y + 80⋅ d

k k 2⋅ k−1 k k 2⋅ k

Se han amplificado las deformaciones para verlas graficamente

 Deformada

0.5

0.5

y
1
ydef

1.5

2.5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
x , xdef

14. Determinación de las tensiones en los nodos

 −1   −1 
1  −1 
ξ :=   η :=  
1 1
   
 1
− 1
Derivadas de las funciones de interpolación

N
1, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
2, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 − η i) N
3, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 + ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i) N
4, i
:=
1
4
⋅ (1 − ξ i)⋅ (1 + η i)
Jacobiano en los nodos de los elementos

j := 1 .. 4

J11
i, e
:=
∑ (Nξj, i⋅xc ) j,e
J12
i, e
:=
∑ (Nξj, i⋅yc ) j,e
j j

J21
i, e
:=
∑ (Nη j, i⋅xc ) j,e
J22
i, e
:=
∑ (Nη j, i⋅yc ) j,e
j
j

 J11i , e J12i , e 
J :=  
i, e  J21i , e J22i , e 
 
 Determinante del Jacobiano

detJ := J11 ⋅ J22 − J12 ⋅ J21

i, e i, e i, e i, e i, e

Formación de la matriz B

 J22i , e −J12i , e 0 0 
⋅ 0 −J21 
1
A := 0
i, e
J11
i, e
i, e detJ  
i, e
 −J21i , e J11i , e J22i , e −J12i , e 
 

 Nξ1 , i 0 Nξ2 , i 0 Nξ3 , i 0 Nξ4 , i 0 

 Nη1 , i 0 Nη2 , i 0 Nη3 , i 0 Nη4 , i 0 
G :=  
i, e
 0 Nξ1 , i 0 Nξ2 , i 0 Nξ3 , i 0 Nξ4 , i 
 0 Nη1 , i 0 Nη2 , i 0 Nη3 , i 0 Nη4 , i 
 

B := A ⋅G
i, e i, e i, e

Matriz u ordenada por elemento

j := 1 .. 8⋅ Ne u := 0
j

j := 1 .. 4⋅ Ne S := 0
j

u := for i ∈ 1 .. 8
e
(ue)i ← d ⋅ c 2
i
− mod( i , 2)
ceil  , e
 2
u
e

Las tensiones en los elementos

S := for i ∈ 1 .. 4
e
(Se)i ← De⋅ Bi, e⋅ ue
S
e
 14.1 Distribución de esfuerzos en eje de simetría vertical

 5.265   1.734  Las componentes son esfuerzos

(S1) =  −3.185 
1  
(S25)1 =  −1.996  horizontal, vertical y asociado
 0.753   −0.095  a deformación angular
respectivamente.
 2.206   1.589 
(S1) 4 =  −4.795  (S25)4 =  −2.073 
 −0.937   −0.175 
 1.448   1.584 
(S13)1 =  −3.328  (S37)1 =  −1.687 
 −0.681   −0.037 
 1.546   1.53 
(S13)4 =  −3.276  (S37)4 =  −1.715 
 −0.627   −0.067 

14.2 Distribución de esfuerzos en eje de simetría horizontal

Elementos sobre eje de simetría

 1.448   1.54   21.443   21.833 

(S13)1 =  −3.328  (S13)2 =  −3.313  (S20)1 =  2.561  (S20)2 =  2.624 
 −0.681   −0.642   8.691   8.855 

 6.698   5.94   21.078   21.354 

(S14)1 =  −2.097  (S14)2 =  −2.218  (S21)1 =  2.24  (S21)2 =  2.284 
 1.666   1.347   8.443   8.558 

 10.927   10.057   20.425   20.561 

(S15)1 =  −0.849  (S15)2 =  −0.988  (S22)1 =  2.012  (S22)2 =  2.033 
 3.649   3.284   8.124   8.181 

 14.805   13.659   19.594   19.58 

(S16)1 =  0.506  (S16)2 =  0.322  (S23)1 =  1.869  (S23)2 =  1.867 
 5.543   5.062   7.771   7.765 

 17.888   17.004   18.592   18.516 

(S17)1 =  1.775  (S17)2 =  1.633  (S24)1 =  1.761  (S24)2 =  1.749 
 7.119   6.748   7.369   7.337 

 20.455   19.872 
(S18)1 =  2.753  (S18)2 =  2.66 
 8.403   8.158 

 21.288   21.502 
(S19)1 =  2.846  (S19)2 =  2.88 
 8.738   8.828 
 Elementos bajo eje de simetría

 1.589   1.726   24.035   22.452 

(S25)4 =  −2.073  (S25)3 =  −2.051  (S32)4 =  2.346  (S32)3 =  2.093 
 −0.175   −0.118   9.552   8.887 

 5.456   5.721   22.623   21.569 

(S26)4 =  −1.344  (S26)3 =  −1.301  (S33)4 =  0.828  (S33)3 =  0.66 
 1.489   1.6   8.491   8.048 

 9.155   9.653   20.303   20.255 

(S27)4 =  −0.539  (S27)3 =  −0.46  (S34)4 =  −0.28  (S34)3 =  −0.287 
 3.119   3.329   7.25   7.23 

 12.582   13.087   17.972   18.89 

(S28)4 =  0.346  (S28)3 =  0.427  (S35)4 =  −0.514  (S35)3 =  −0.367 
 4.681   4.893   6.321   6.706 

 16.039   16.481   16.133   17.703 

(S29)4 =  1.25  (S29)3 =  1.321  (S36)4 =  0.083  (S36)3 =  0.334 
 6.26   6.445   5.871   6.531 

 19.356   19.522 
(S30)4 =  2.117  (S30)3 =  2.144 
 7.775   7.845 

 22.05   21.661 
(S31)4 =  2.591  (S31)3 =  2.529 
 8.922   8.758 

Considerando simetría vertical

 2.206   −4.795 
 ( 5.265 + 1.546)   ( −3.185 − 3.276) 
   
2 2
   
 (1.448 + 1.589)   (−3.328 − 2.073) 
Sxv := Syv :=
 2   2 
 ( 1.734 + 1.53)   ( −1.996 − 1.715) 
   
2 2
   
 1.584   −.037 
  2.206   −4.795 
 3.405   −3.231 
Sxv =  1.518  Syv =  −2.7 
   
 1.632   −1.856 
 1.584   −0.037 

Considerando simetría horizontal

 (1.589 + 1.448)
 −2.073 − 3.328

2
  
 ( 1.726 + 1.54 + 5.456 + 6.698)   2 
   −2.051 − 3.313 − 1.344 − 2.097 
4
 ( 5.721 + 5.94 + 9.155 + 10.927)   4 
   −1.301 − 2.218 − .539 − .849 
 4
  4

 ( 9.653 + 10.057 + 12.583 + 14.805)   
   −.46 − .988 + .346 + .506 
4
 ( 13.087 + 13.659 + 16.039 + 17.888)   4

 .427 + .322 + 1.25 + 1.775 
 
 4
  4 
 ( 16.481 + 17.004 + 19.536 + 20.455)   1.321 + 1.633 + 2.117 + 2.753 
   4 
4
 ( 19.522 + 21.502 + 24.035 + 21.443)   2.144 + 2.66 + 2.591 + 2.846 
Syh :=  
Sxh :=   4
 4
  
 ( 21.661 + 21.502 + 24.035 + 21.443)   2.529 + 2.88 + 2.346 + 2.561 
   4

4
 2.093 + 2.624 + .828 + 2.24 
 ( 22.452 + 21.833 + 22.623 + 21.078) 
   4 
 4
  .66 + 2.284 − .28 + 2.012 
 ( 21.569 + 21.354 + 20.303 + 20.425)   4 
   −.297 + 2.033 − .514 + 1.869 
4
 ( 20.255 + 20.561 + 17.972 + 19.594)   4

   
 4
  −.367 + 1.867 + .083 + 1.761 
 ( 18.89 + 19.58 + 16.133 + 18.592)   4

 .334 + 1.749 
 4   2 
 (17.703 + 18.516) 
 
 2 
 1 1
1 1.518 1 -2.7
2 3.855 2 -2.201
3 7.936 3 -1.227
4 11.774 4 -0.149
5 15.168 5 0.944
6 18.369 6 1.956
Sxh = Syh =
7 21.625 7 2.56
8 22.16 8 2.579
9 21.997 9 1.946
10 20.913 10 1.169
11 19.596 11 0.773
12 18.299 12 0.836
13 18.109 13 1.042

Coordenadas Nodos en el eje de simetría Horizontal

i := 1 .. nf xh := x
i i
Coordenadas Nodos en el eje de simetría Vertical

0
1
yh := −h ⋅  2 
 
3
4
Tensiones eje simetría vertical Tensiones eje de simetría horizontal

0 30

20

yh Sxh
1 10
yh Syh

2 10
5 0 0 1 2 3

Syv , Sxv xh , xh
 14.3 Distribución de esfuerzos en H/4
Elementos bajo el eje

 1.546   1.454   21.865   21.476 

(S13)4 =  −3.276  (S13)3 =  −3.291  (S20) =
4
 2.826 
 
(S20) =
3
 2.764 
 
 −0.627   −0.665   8.94   8.777 

 5.891   6.649   21.377   21.101 

(S14) =  −2.522 
4  
(S14) =  −2.4
3 


(S21) =
4
 2.427 
 
(S21) =
3
 2.383 
 
 1.22   1.538   8.619   8.503 

 10.002   10.872   20.569   20.434 

(S15) =  −1.336 
4  
(S15) =  −1.197 
3  
(S22) =4 
2.088

(S22) =3 
2.066

 3.137   3.503   8.203   8.146 

 13.585   14.731   19.579   19.593 

(S16) =  −0.136 
4  
(S16) = 3
 0.047 
 
(S23) =4
 1.86 
 
(S23) =3
 1.862 
 
 4.87   5.351   7.762   7.768 

 16.93   17.814   18.51   18.586 

(S17) =
4 
1.173

(S17) =
3 
1.315

(S24) =4 
1.711

(S24) =3 
1.723

 6.555   6.926   7.322   7.353 

 19.823   20.407 
(S18) = 4 
2.357

(S18) = 3 
2.45

 8.031   8.276 

 21.52   21.306 
(S19) =  2.992  (S19) =  2.958 
4   3  
 8.875   8.785 
 Elementos sobre eje de simetría

 5.265   2.39   21.137   21.379 

(S1) 1 =  −3.185  (S1) 2 =  −3.645  (S8) 1 =  3.524  (S8) 2 =  3.562 
 0.753   −0.454   8.929   9.03 

 7.822   7.189   20.838   21.069 

(S2) 1 =  −2.028  (S2) 2 =  −2.13  (S9) 1 =  3.272  (S9) 2 =  3.309 
 2.098   1.832   8.73   8.826 

 11.702   11.321   20.323   20.489 

(S3) 1 =  −1.115  (S3) 2 =  −1.176  (S10)1 =  3.059  (S10)2 =  3.085 
 3.833   3.673   8.466   8.536 

 16.333   15.449   19.652   19.733 

(S4) 1 =  0.151  (S4) 2 =  9.528 × 10− 3  (S11)1 =  2.874  (S11)2 =  2.887 
 5.968   5.597   8.156   8.19 

 22.444   19.445   18.946   18.828 

(S5) 1 =  3.33

(S5) 2 =  2.851  (S12)1 =  2.825  (S12)2 =  2.806 
 9.332   8.073   7.883   7.833 

 21.066   20.888 
(S6) 1 =  3.79


(S6) 2 =  3.761 
 9   8.925 

 21.134   21.297 
(S7) 1 =  3.721  (S7) 2 =  3.747 
 8.999   9.068 
  5.265 + 1.546   −3.185 − 3.276 
 2   2 
 2.39 + 7.822 + 1.454 + 5.891   −3.645 − 2.028 − 3.291 − 2.522 
 4   4 
 7.789 + 11.702 + 6.649 + 10.002   −2.13 − 1.115 − 2.4 − 1.336 
 4
  4

   
 11.321 + 16.333 + 10.87 + 13.585   −1.176 − 1.197 + .151 − .136 
 4
  4

 15.449 + 22.444 + 14.731 + 16.93   3.33 + .047 + 1.173 
 4   4 
 21.445 + 21.066 + 17.814 + 19.823   2.851 + 3.79 + 1.315 + 2.357 
 4   4 
 20.888 + 21.134 + 20.407 + 21.52   3.761 + 3.721 + 2.45 + 2.992 
Sxh4 :=   Syh4 :=  
4 4
   
 21.297 + 21.137 + 21.306 + 21.865   3.747 + 3.524 + 2.958 + 2.826 
 4
  4

 21.137 + 20.838 + 21.476 + 21.377   3.562 + 3.272 + 2.427 + 2.764 
 4   4 
 21.069 + 20.323 + 21.101 + 20.569   3.309 + 3.059 + 2.383 + 2.088 
 4   4 
 20.489 + 19.652 + 20.434 + 19.579   3.085 + 2.874 + 2.066 + 1.86 
 4
  4

   
 19.733 + 18.946 + 19.593 + 18.51   2.887 + 2.825 + 1.862 + 1.711 
 4
  4

 18.828 + 18.586   2.806 + 1.723 
 2   2 

Tensiones H/4

30

20

Sxh4
10
Syh4

10
0 1 2 3
xh , xh
 14.4 Distribución de esfuerzos en 3H/4
Elementos bajo el eje

 1.53   1.581   25.69   24.94 

(S37)4 =  −1.715  (S37)3 =  −1.707  (S44)4 =  2.913  (S44)3 =  2.792 
 −0.067   −0.046   10.356   10.041 

 5.193   5.352   32.73   25.584 

(S38)4 =  −1.079  (S38)3 =  −1.054  (S45)4 =  2.194  (S45)3 =  1.05 
 1.489   1.556   12.645   9.643 

 8.72   8.93   19.507   19.567 

(S39)4 =  −0.401  (S39)3 =  −0.367  (S46)4 =  −4.86  (S46)3 =  −4.85 
 3.012   3.1   5.304   5.329 

 12.018   12.299   6.804   14.347 

(S40)4 =  0.278  (S40)3 =  0.323  (S47)4 =  −5.515  (S47)3 =  −4.308 
 4.452   4.57   0.467   3.635 

 15.465   15.752   13.904   15.253 

(S41)4 =  1.033  (S41)3 =  1.079  (S48)4 =  0.881  (S48)3 =  1.097 
 5.973   6.094   5.353   5.92 

 18.951   19.176 
(S42)4 =  1.831  (S42)3 =  1.867 
 7.524   7.619 

 22.194   22.179 
(S43)4 =  2.503  (S43)3 =  2.5 
 8.942   8.936 
 Elementos sobre eje de simetría

 1.734   1.598   22.32   23.904 

(S25)1 =  −1.996  (S25)2 =  −2.018  (S32)1 =  1.269  (S32)2 =  1.523 
 −0.095   −0.152   8.541   9.206 

 5.738   5.473   21.481   22.535 

(S26)1 =  −1.195  (S26)2 =  −1.237  (S33)1 =  0.111  (S33)2 =  0.28 
 1.645   1.534   7.818   8.261 

 9.685   9.187   20.252   20.3 

(S27)1 =  −0.26  (S27)2 =  −0.34  (S34)1 =  −0.306  (S34)2 =  −0.299 
 3.413   3.203   7.222   7.242 

 13.119   12.615   18.963   18.045 

(S28)1 =  0.629  (S28)2 =  0.548  (S35)1 =  0.092  (S35)2 =  −0.055 
 4.978   4.766   6.899   6.514 

 16.517   16.076   17.829   16.258 

(S29)1 =  1.55  (S29)2 =  1.48  (S36) =
1 
1.119

(S36) =
2 
0.868

 6.542   6.356   6.86   6.201 

 19.536   19.37 
(S30)1 =  2.23  (S30)2 =  2.204 
 7.881   7.811 

 21.629   22.018 
(S31)1 =  2.327  (S31)2 =  2.389 
 8.674   8.837 
  1.734 + 1.53   −1.996 − 1.715 
 2   2 
 1.598 + 5.738 + 1.581 + 5.193   −2.018 − 1.195 − 1.707 − 1.079 
 4   4 
 5.473 + 9.685 + 5.352 + 8.72   −1.237 − .26 − 1.054 − .401 
 4
  4

   
 9.187 + 13.119 + 8.93 + 12.018   −.34 − .367 + .029 + .278 
 4
  4

 12.615 + 16.517 + 12.299 + 15.465   .548 + 1.55 + .323 + 1.033 
 4   4 
 16.076 + 19.536 + 15.752 + 18.951   1.48 + 2.23 + 1.079 + 1.831 
 4   4 
 19.37 + 21.629 + 19.176 + 22.194   2.204 + 2.327 + 1.867 + 2.503 
Sxh34 :=   Syh34 :=  
4 4
   
 22.018 + 22.32 + 22.179 + 25.69   2.389 + 2.5 + 1.269 + 2.913 
 4
  4

 23.904 + 21.481 + 24.94 + 32.73   1.523 + .111 + 2.792 + 2.194 
 4   4 
 22.535 + 20.252 + 25.584 + 19.507   .28 + 1.05 − .306 − 4.86 
 4   4 
 20.3 + 18.963 + 19.567 + 6.804   −.299 + .092 − 4.85 − 5.515 
 4
  4

   
 18.045 + 17.829 + 14.347 + 13.904   −.055 − 4.308 + 1.19 + .881 
 4
  4

 16.258 + 15.253   .868 + 1.097 
 2   2 

Tensiones H/4

30

20

Sxh34
10
Syh34

10
0 1 2 3

xh , xh
51 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 
52 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 
39 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52


38 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 