Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics II

VAPOR LIQUID
EQUILIBRIUM

Mala Hayati Nasution, S.T., M.T.

Chemical Engineering Department
UISI
2019
 Value Matrix
Parameter Percentage A AB B BC C D E
Presence 5% 16 meetings Absent > 5
times
Quiz 1 10% Presence in 2 Presence in Absent in
Quiz 2 10% Quiz only 1 Quiz both 2 Quiz
Task 30% All Terlambat 1 Terlambat 2
assignments tugas tugas
on time
Mid Test 15% > 81
Final Test 25% > 81
The answer of True, True, True, True, False, False, False,
the Task, Quiz, Good Good Bad Bad Good Good Bad
Mid Test and language, Language, language, language, language, Language, Language,
Final Test structured, Not Not Not structured, Not Not
neat. structured, structured, structured, neat. structured, structured,
neat neat not neat neat Not neat
Politeness 5% Polite in class, Not polite at
outside the all
class, WA

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Equilibrium

• Equilibrium is a static condition in which no

changes occur in the macroscopic properties
of a system with time.

• Temperature, Pressure and Phase

Compositions remain constant.

• Change in microscopic level.

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Measures of Composition

• Mass Fraction and Mole Fraction

• Concentration

• Total Molar Mass

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The Phase Rule & Duhem’s Theorem

• Intensive Variable  does not depend on the

size of the system  T, P, viscosity.
• Extensive Variable  depends the size of the
Intensive Variable, P dan T Equation which connects system  mass, volume, entropy, energy
variables

Duhem’s Theorem
“In a closed system, an equilibrium condition is reached when 2 variables are set”
2 phases
2 components

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

F=2–π+N Temperature (T)

= 2 – 1 (phase) + 2 (components) = 3 Pressure (P)
Composition (xi)

Upper surface : saturated liquid

 Bubble point

Under surface : saturated vapor

 Dew point

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

• Point U – B – H – C1 Subcooled
• Point K – A – C2
Vapor – liquid

Superheated vapor

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

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P-x,y and T-x,y Diagram

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VLE Qualitative Behavior

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P-T Diagram

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Diagram P-T
Critical Point
Maximum Pressure
F- G : Retrograde Condensation
Bubble point ?
Saturated Vapor occurs
condensation because of
Dew point ?
pressure reduction
Pressure reduction, vaporization G-H : Vaporization because of
vaporization

Temperatur maksimum

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Diagram P-T Azeotrop

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Assignment

• Individual assignment.
• Handwriting only.
• Use reuse A4 paper.
• Write a resume of “Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Behavior” based on the presentation of 10 groups.
• Write the resume in Bahasa Indonesia.

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