Article 12 - State includes

1. The GOI and Parliament

2. The SG and Legislature of Each State
3. Local and Other Authorities

Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights

1. All laws before the commencement of the constitution in violation with part 3 of the constitution shall
be void to the extent to which they are inconsistent.
2. Law means
a. By-laws,
b. Ordinance
c. Rules and Regulation and notifications
d. Customs and Usage

Article 14 – Right to Equality

1. Equality before Law

2. Equal Protection of Law.

Article 15 - Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.

1. The state shall not discriminate any citizen only on the grounds of religion, race, caste,
sex, place of birth or any of them.
2. No citizen only on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth, or any of
them , subject to liability, disability, restriction or condition in regards to (acces shops
public restataunts, hotel, place of entertainment and use of well tanks bathing ghats ,
roads wholly or partially maintained by state funds or dedicated for public use.
3. Special provison for women and childred
4. Nothing in this article or clause 2 of article 29 prevent special prvision for advancement
of socially and educationally backward class.
5. Nothing in this article and Nothing in this article 19 (1)(G) Advancement of SEBC
,special provision, in so far as it relates to admissions into educational institution
including private institution aided or unaided other than minority institution in article
30.
6. A. advancement of any economically weaker section of the society
b. advancement of any economically weaker section of the society other than clause 4
and 5, aided or unaided, other than minority institution, which would be in addition to
the present reservation and subject to max.10%reservation.

Article 16 – Equality of opportunity in matter of public employment.

1. There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to appointment
and employment in office under the state.
2. No citizen on grounds only of religion caste sex place of birth decent residence or any of
them be ineligible or discriminated agiants in matter of employment or appointment in
office under the state.
3. Nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making law prescribing in regards to
class or classes of employment or appointment to any office under the state (goi,la,oa as
to residence within a state or Union territory, prior to such employment)
4. Nothing in this article shall prevent the parliament from making special provison for
reservation of appointment or post to office under the state in favour of any backward
section of the society which in the opinion of the state is not adequately represented in
the services of the state.

4A. Nothing in this article shall prevent the parliament from making provison for reservation
(in matters of promotion with consequential seniority) in office under the state in favour of
SCs and STs which in the opinion…..
 5. Nothing on this article shall prevent the parliament from prevent the operation of law
which requires the incumbent of a office shall be a person profession a particular religion
or particular denomination.
6. Nothing in this article shall prevent the state from making provision for reservation in
regards to class or classes of appointment or post in office under the state in favour of
economically weaker section of the citizens in addition to existing reservation and
subject to maximum of 10% reservation.

Article 19 (1)(a) – Freedom of Speech and Expression

Article 19 (2) – Reasonable restrictions for Conferring

1. Sovereignty and integrity of India

2. Security of nation
3. Relation with a foreign State
4. Public Interest
5. Decency or Morality
6. In relation to contempt of Court
7. Defamation
8. Incitement of an offence

Article 19 (1)(b) – Freedom of Assembly

Article 19 (3) – Reasonable restrictions for Conferring

1. Sovereignty and integrity of India

2. Public Order

Article 19 (1)(c) – Freedom of Association

Article 19 (4) - Reasonable restrictions for Conferring

1. Sovereignty and integrity of India

2. Public Order or Morality

Article 19 (1)(d) – Freedom of Movement

Article 19 (1)(e) – Freedom of Residence

Article 19 (5) - Reasonable restrictions for Conferring

1. In the interest of general Public

2. For the protection of interest of Scheduled Tribes

Article 19 (1)(g) – Freedom of Profession

Article 19 (6) - Reasonable restrictions for Conferring

1. Professional and Technical qualification

2. Carrying on by the state

Article 20 –

1. No person shall be convicted of an offence except for violation of law in force at the time of the
commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subject to a penalty greater than that which might
have been inflicted upon him under the law in force at time of the commission of the offence
2. No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence for more than once.
3. No person shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.

Article 21-
No person shall be deprived of his life and liberty except according to the procedure established by law.

Article 22

1. No arrest or detention without being informed the grounds of arrest or detention.

2. 24hrs before the magistrate excluding the time of journey and cannot detain beyond 24hrs without the
authority of magistrate.
3. Nothing in clause 1 and 2 shall apply to alien enemy and person detained under any law for preventive
detention.
4. No law for preventive detention shall be longer than 3 months unless
a. Advisory board (provided that the detention shall not extend the max period set under clause 7(b)
b. Any person detained in accordance with sub clause a and b of clause 7
5. Any person detained shall at the earlies communicate the ground of such detention.
6. Nothing in clause shall make compulsary disclosure which the authority feel may jeopardise public
interest.
7. Parliament may by law a. cases or classes of cases which can be detained beyond 3 months b. max
period of detention c. enquiry made by the advisor board.

Article 23

1. Traffic is prohibited. Nothing in this clause shall prohibit by the state compulsory public service.

Article 24

1. No children below the age of 14 shall be employed in factories or mines or any hazardous workplace.

Article 25

1. subject to public order, morality, health ever persons is entititled to freedom of conscience propagation
practise of religion.
2. Nothing in this clause shall prevent the operation of existing law or from making any law.
a. For regulation or restrcitiong financial secular political activity associated with the state.
b. For social welfare throwing open of hindu religion instititon for all sections of the society.

Article 26

1. Sub to public order , health , morality freedom to maiantain religion insttion.

a. to establish and religious insti for charitable and religious purpose
b. to maintain its own affairs.
c. To maintain and administer property
d. To own and acquit property (immovable and movable)

Article 27

1. Freedom from payment of taxes for the promotion of any religion.

Article 28

1. No religious instruction in state run educational.

2. Clause 1 will not prohibit the religious instruction in state run but established under trust or
endowment.
3. No compulsory attendee required in state run.
Article 29

1. Any section of society residing in territoty of india distinct language culture or scrpt of their
own have the right to conserve the same.
2. No denial of admission into educational institution maintained by state or getting aid from
state on the grounds only of religion race caste or language or any of them.

Article 30
 1. Right of minority whether based on religion or language shall have the right to established and
maintain educational institution of their choice.

1a. compulsory acquision should not restrict or abbroagate right under clause 1

2. no discrimination by state for providein funds on the grounds that management is under a
minority.

Article 32

1. move to sc by appropriate proceedings for enforcement of fundamental rights is guaranteed.

2. Issue order, directions , writs in nature of habeous corpus,mandamus, quo warranto,
prohibition, certerio.
3. Parliament by law empower any other court with the power in clause 2.
4. This right will not be suspended unless mentioned in the constition.
Article 33
1. Power Parliament to modify rights conferred by this part
a. For members of armed force
b. For members of force for maintaining public order.
c. For members of beurow and org for intelligence and counter intelligence
d. For members of telecommunication for clause a to c.
Abrogated or restricted for the purpose of proper discharge of duties and to maintain discipline
among them.
Article 35
1. Notwithstanding anything contained in constitution , the parliament shall have and the
legislature of the state shall not have the power to make laws –
a. For matters related to clause 3 of article 16, clause 3 of article 32 , article 33, article 34 .
b. For punishment for infringement of rights under this part.

Article 36 to 51

36. definition

37. application (non enforceable fundamental in governance for framing law and policy)

38. state to secure social order

39. certain principles to be followed by state

39a. equal justice and free legal aid

40. organisation of village panchayat

41. right to employment, to education and to public assistance in certain cases.

42. provision for just and humane conditions and maternity relief

43. living wages for workers.

44. uniform civil code.

45. provision for early childhood care and education for children under the age of 6 years.

46. promotion of educational and economic interests of scs and sts and other weaker sections of the
societies.

47. raising of nutrition, standard of living and health

48. promotion of agriculture and animal husbandry.

49. protection of monuments, places and objects of national importance.

50. separation of judiciary from executive.

51. promotion of international peace and security.

Article 51a fundamental duties

a. constitution national flag national, national anthem.

b. Noble ideas
c. Sovereignty integrity and unity
d. Defend the country
e. Harmony and spirit of brotherhood
f. Right the preservation of composite culture
g. Protection of national environment
h. Scientific harmonise and reforms
i. Safeguard of public property
j. Social endeavour and achievements
k. Education of ward between the age of 6 and 14 years.

Article 52 – President

There shall be a president

Article 53- Executive power of the union

Article 54 – Election

Article 55 – Manner of election

Article 56 - terms of the president’s office

#5yers #resignation to vp #vp to the speaker

Article 57 – Eligible of Re-election

Article 58 – Qualification

#citizen of India #should have completed 35 years of age #should be qualified to become a member
of parliament

Article 59 – conditions of the President’s office

#Shall be a citizen of India #should not hold any office of profit #should not be member of both the
houses.

Article 60 - oath

#to CJI #if no cji then to the senior most Judge of SC

Article 61 – Impeachment

#1/4th should sign an application to move a motion #within 14 days the motion must be passed by
2/3rd majority.

Article 62 – vacancy

Article 63 – VP

Article 64 – Ex – officio chairperson of the council of the states

Article 65 - Vp to do the task of president in need

Article 66 – Terms and condition

Article 69 – oath

#in front of President # if no president then any senior person appointed by president on his behalf.

Article 72 – power of president to grant pardon

Article 73 – Council of ministers to aid and advice the president

Article 74 – other ministers of Union

Article- 76 – Attorney general of India

#appointed by Prez # who is qualified to become judge of SC

Article 79 – Parliament

Article 80 – Council of State

#230 members # 12members recommended by PreZ #special knowledge and practical experience in
Arts, Science, Social Science

Article 81 – House of People

#530 members # 12 to represent union t

Article 84 – Qualification

#citizen of India #no office of profit #35- council of states 25- house of people

Article 99 – Oath

#to president

Article 102 – Disqualification

#ceased to be citizen of India #unsound mind #undischarged insolvent #holds office of profit
#disqualified by any law made by parliament. #disqualified by 10th schedule

Article – 122 – parliamentary proceedings shall not be enquired by the court.

Article – 123 – Ordinance making power of Prez

Article 124 – establishment of SC

#qualification of Sc judge #judge of hc or two hc #practised as advocate in Hc or 2 hcs for 10 years

#recomended by president who is distinguished jurist

Article 131 – Original jurisdiction of SC

#b/w uoi and sg #b/w UOI and 2 SGs #b/w 2 sgs

Article 132 – Appellant jurisdiction of SC

Article 133 - Appellant jurisdiction in civil cases of SC

Article 134 - Appellant jurisdiction of SC in Criminal Cases

Article 134 a – certificate

Article 136 – SLP

Article 148 – CAG

Artilce 153 – governers of the state

Article 154 – executive power of the state

Article 155 – appointment of governer

Article 156 – terms and condtion of governers office

Artilce 157 – qualification

Article 158 – Conditions

Article 159 – oath

Article 165- Advocate general of State

Article 168 – Legislature of the state

#bihar. tN, UP, AP, MP, Karnataka, telegana – 2 houses # other states 1 house

Article 188 – Oath by members of SA

Article 191- Disqualification of the members of SA

Article 194 – Power and privaleges of the members of houses and legislatures

Article 213 – ordinance making power of Governer 4

Article 217 – appointment of HC judge

Article 233 – Distict judge appointment