Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 1

1.

Measurement range(span)

2. Performance and Cost

3. Reliabilitiy

4. Material of construction
Selection Criteria
5.Prior Use

6.Potential for releasing process


Materials to the environment

7.Electrical classification

8.Invasive or noninvasive

•Most common used:


ØFilled systems, thermocouples(till 1000℃),
resistance temperature detectors(RTDs) (till 1000℃), and
pyrometers(used above (900℃),
Temperature
•Measurement principles based on:
ØVolumetric expansion, electromotive force generated by two
i)Pneumatic(air) signals dissimilar metals, resistance as a function of temperature,
-Used to transmit measurement & and wavelength of radiated energy
control information.
-Current-to-pressure(I/P) and voltage- Main Types of
to-pressure as transducer •Based on a small deflection of a
9.1.1 9.1.2 Sensors Measurement in
ii)Analog(continuous) electronic signals diaphragm or membrane in response to a pressure
instrumentation Process Control
-Used to transmit signals over a long Differential
signals & Data •The deflection is produced by two
distance Pressure &
networks pressure connections, one on each side of the diaphragm
-In form of current but for short Pressure
distance used voltage-level form 9.1 sensors, transmitters & Transducers
iii)Digital(discrete)signals •Pressure sensor design for deflection is
-Used microprocessor and more fastest proportional to differential pressure(DP).
and easiest
Liquid or Gas Flow
rate

Important to prevent
Liquid level overflow and potential
safety problem

Chemical
Composition

measurement Density, Moisture, Turbidity, visocsity, refractive


9.1.3 Static and index, pH, dielectric constant, and a thermal
Dynamic Characteristic Physical Properties
Dynamic Characteristic conductivity

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi