ANDUS, RICHMOND

BSOA 1-3
ASSIGNMENT

LOGIC

1. the branch of philosophy dealing with correct reasoning, describing

relationships among propositions in terms of implication, contradiction,
contrariety, conversion, etc.
2. correct reasoning; valid induction or deduction.
3. way of reasoning, whether correct or incorrect.
4. the system of principles underlying any art or science.

TYPES OF LOGIC

1. Deductive Reasoning – it works from the general to more specific. In

deduction, the conclusion is logically follows the from the premises, it is a
necessary conclusion and is true.

For example :

All athletes work out in the gym.

Barry Bones is an athlete.
Therefore, Barry Bones works out in the gym.

2. Inductive Reasoning – it works the opposite way, moving from specific

observations to broader generalizations and theories. This sometimes is
called a “bottom up” approach.

For example :

Every research textbook examined contains a chapter on sampling.

Therefore all research textbooks contain a chapter on sampling.
LOGIC EXAMPLE ( INFOGRAPHICS )

1. Kobe Bryant is a professional basketball player.

2. All professional basketball players are tall.

3. Kobe Bryant is tall.

Well this logic is called a deductive reasoning. Hence, it works from general
to specific. In a True,Flase, or Maybe statement we can simply analyze the logic
to understand it.
In the first sentence, it is definitely a true statement. As we all know in NBA
history Kobe Bryant was a legend in court. He is definitely a professional
basketball player because his profession was to play basketball until he retired.
He is one of the best player and became famous for his defying moves until he
was all known globally during his time until now.
For the second sentence, it is a false statement. Yes it is indeed, there lots
of professional basketball players in the world because it is one of the famous
sports of all time. But we cannot nor you cannot tell that all professional
basketball players are tall. Just like L.A. Tenorio of Ginebra he’s not that tall but
he is professional when it comes to basketball. This second statement builds an
argument between the logician and a person his talking with.
Now, for the last statement, it’s a maybe statement. Why? just simply
because Kobe is maybe tall or not because there are other basketball players
who might be taller than him. So this statement states maybe its true that Kobe
is tall and maybe not that tall.