ADP-OPS-100-001 - Flight Operations Training Manual

Alpha Star Defense
Flight Operations Training Manual

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Author : Chief Pilot Owner : Defense Aviation Authority
Doc. No. : ADP-OPS-100-001 Rev. No. : 0 Date : 15.10.17 Page 1 of 93
FLIGHT OPERATIONS TRAINING MANUAL

(FOTM)
ALPHA STAR DEFENSE PROJECTS, KSA
A Hard copy of this document may not be the document currently in effect. The current version is always on the Alpha Star Defense
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Parent Doc. No.: ADP-DAA-100-001
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Contents
Contents ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
Record of Revision .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Chapter Index................................................................................................................................................... 8
Chapter 1 .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Training Policy ................................................................................................................................................ 9
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1 Purpose .............................................................................................................................................. 9
1.2 Training Facilities ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.3 Outsource Training Contractors ...................................................................................................... 10
1.4 Manual Utilization, Development and Approval ............................................................................ 10
1.5 Definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 11
1.6 Grading Requirement ...................................................................................................................... 11
1.7 Unsuccessful Grading or Failure..................................................................................................... 11
1.8 Training Aids .................................................................................................................................. 12
1.9 Method of Instructions .................................................................................................................... 12
1.10 Flight Deck Crewmember ............................................................................................................... 13
1.11 Program Selection ........................................................................................................................... 13
1.12 Training Records All Courses ......................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 2 ........................................................................................................................................................ 14
Training Requirements and Qualifications .................................................................................................... 14
2.1 Training Manager ............................................................................................................................ 14
2.2 Instructor Pilot – Aircraft Simulator ............................................................................................... 15
2.3 Initial Cadre for New Aircrafts Types ............................................................................................ 17
2.4 Flight Crewmembers Prerequisite for Employment ....................................................................... 17
2.4.1 Captain Fixed Wing – Direct Hire ........................................................................................... 18
2.4.2 First Officer Fixed Wing Direct Hire ...................................................................................... 18
2.4.3 First Officer (Saudi National) - Qualifications, experiences and requirements: ..................... 19
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2.4.4 Fixed Wing Crewmembers from GSAC.................................................................................. 19

2.4.5 Captain Helicopter – Direct Hire ............................................................................................. 20
2.4.6 Helicopter First Officer Direct Hire ........................................................................................ 20
2.4.7 Helicopter First Officer (Saudi National) - Qualifications, experiences and requirements: ... 21
2.4.8 Helicopter Crewmembers from GSAC .................................................................................... 22
2.5 New Hire Flight Crewmember Induction Procedure ...................................................................... 22
2.6 Operating Experience (OE) ............................................................................................................. 22
Chapter 3 ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
Training Program ........................................................................................................................................... 24
3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................ 24
3.1.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.2 Evaluations .............................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.3 Training Facilities Location ..................................................................................................... 24
3.1.4 Training Aids ........................................................................................................................... 24
3.1.5 Methods of Instruction ............................................................................................................. 25
3.2 Basic Indoctrination for Flight Deck Crewmember ........................................................................ 25
3.2.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 25
3.2.2 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 25
3.2.3 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 26
3.2.4 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 27
3.3 Crew Resource Management (CRM) .............................................................................................. 31
3.4 Crewmembers CRM/Dispatchers DRM Initial ............................................................................... 31
3.4.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 31
3.4.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 32
3.4.3 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 32
3.4.4 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 32
3.5 Crewmember CRM/DRM Recurrent .............................................................................................. 34
3.5.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 34
3.5.2 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 34
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3.5.3 Training Location .................................................................................................................... 34

3.5.4 Training Aids ........................................................................................................................... 35
3.5.5 Methods of Instructions ........................................................................................................... 35
3.5.6 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 35
3.6 Hazardous Material Training .......................................................................................................... 36
3.7 Initial/Transition Dangerous Goods ................................................................................................ 37
3.7.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 37
3.7.2 Training Records ..................................................................................................................... 37
3.7.3 Location ................................................................................................................................... 38
3.7.4 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 38
3.8 TCAS .............................................................................................................................................. 38
3.8.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 38
3.8.2 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 38
3.8.3 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 38
3.8.4 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 39
3.9 TAWS (EGPWS) ............................................................................................................................ 40
3.9.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 40
3.9.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 40
3.9.3 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 40
3.9.4 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 40
3.9.5 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 41
3.10 Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums (RVSM) ......................................................................... 42
3.10.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 42
3.10.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 42
3.10.3 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 42
3.10.4 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 42
3.10.5 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 43
3.11 Differences Training ....................................................................................................................... 44
3.11.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 44
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3.11.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 44

3.11.3 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 44
3.11.4 Subjects .................................................................................................................................... 44
3.11.5 Course Outlines ....................................................................................................................... 44
3.12 Route and Airport / Base Qualification........................................................................................... 44
3.12.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 44
3.12.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 44
3.12.3 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 45
3.12.4 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 45
3.12.5 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 45
3.13 Minimum Navigation Performance Specification (MNPS) ............................................................ 48
3.13.1 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 48
3.13.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 48
3.13.3 Premise .................................................................................................................................... 48
3.13.4 Curriculum ............................................................................................................................... 48
3.13.5 Course Outline ......................................................................................................................... 49
Chapter 4 ........................................................................................................................................................ 50
Flight Training ............................................................................................................................................... 50
4.1 General ............................................................................................................................................ 50
4.1.1 Purpose .................................................................................................................................... 50
4.1.2 Objective .................................................................................................................................. 50
4.1.3 Training Location .................................................................................................................... 50
4.1.4 Methods of Instructions ........................................................................................................... 50
4.1.5 Flight Proficiency & Standards (FPS) ..................................................................................... 51
4.1.6 Initial, Transition, and Upgrade Training Maneuvers and Procedures .................................... 51
4.1.7 Proficiency Check Maneuvers and Procedures ....................................................................... 51
4.2 Simulators and Training Devices .................................................................................................... 52
4.3 Limitations on Crew Pairing ........................................................................................................... 52
4.4 Proficiency (Competency) .............................................................................................................. 52
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4.5 Annual Line Check ......................................................................................................................... 56

4.6 Record Keeping............................................................................................................................... 57
4.7 Training Base Month ...................................................................................................................... 58
4.8 Cadet Program................................................................................................................................. 58
Chapter 5 ........................................................................................................................................................ 59
Initial Trainings and command Upgrade ....................................................................................................... 59
5.1 Initial Operating Experience (IOE) Flight Deck Crew Training .................................................... 59
5.2 Flight Instructor / Check Airman- Initial/Transition....................................................................... 66
5.3 Check Airman ................................................................................................................................. 70
5.4 Command Upgrade Training .......................................................................................................... 71
Chapter 6 ........................................................................................................................................................ 73
Recurrent and Requalification Trainings ....................................................................................................... 73
6.1 Recurrent Training General ............................................................................................................ 73
6.2 Recurrent for Flight Deck Crewmembers ....................................................................................... 73
6.3 Simulator Training .......................................................................................................................... 75
6.4 Requalification / Recency of Experience Requirements................................................................. 78
Chapter 7 ........................................................................................................................................................ 81
Flight Safety Training .................................................................................................................................... 81
7.1 Flight safety Training for Cockpit Crew ......................................................................................... 81
7.2 Crewmember Training for In-Flight Medical Events ..................................................................... 86
7.3 Initial Safety Training ..................................................................................................................... 88
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Record of Revision
Sl.
Amended Para No. Amendment Details Amended by
No
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Chapter Index
Chapter # Remarks
Chapter 1 Introduction. Training Policy
Chapter 2 Training & Checking Personnel. Flight Crew Minimum Requirements
Chapter 3 Ground Training
Chapter 4 Flight Training
Chapter 5 Initial Trainings / Command Upgrade
Chapter 6 Recurrent and Requalification Trainings
Chapter 7 Flight Safety Training
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Chapter 1
Training Policy
Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The Flight Operations Training Manual (FOTM) provides information and guidance for the
development and implementation of training programs utilized by Flight Operations Training. The
manual provides documentation that details training information in the courses.
This FOTM ensures that each crewmember, aircraft dispatcher, flight instructor and check airman is
adequately trained to perform his or her assigned duties.
ALPHA STAR DEFENSE shall ensure objectivity is maintained in the training and evaluation
program, and those instructors, evaluators and line check airmen are permitted to perform assigned
activities without inappropriate interference from management and/or external organizations.
Under no circumstance will management interfere with the judgment and decisions of the
instructor/check airman.
Training programs and curriculums shall be reviewed by flight operations management annually or
as required for required amendments and upgrade.
1.2 Training Facilities

Except the Outsource Training specified below, Alpha Star Defense may conduct its training at its
facilities in Riyadh, or Training Centers Overseas.
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1.3 Outsource Training Contractors

Alpha Star Defense utilizes ICAO or FAA or EASA approved training centers based on the aircraft
type and the subject being trained.
All outsourced training shall be conducted in accordance with this Manual and approved for Alpha
Star Defense.
Any outsource contracts must to have the following;
1. Holds applicable training/operations specifications.
2. All training is conducted in accordance with this approved Training Manual.
3. Has facilities, training equipment.
4. Has approved curriculums, curriculum segments, and portions of curriculum segments applicable
for use in training courses.
5. Has sufficient instructor and check pilots qualified under the applicable requirements to provide
training, testing, and checking.
1.4 Manual Utilization, Development and Approval

Use this manual to determine the training requirements of flight operations personnel and identify the
course content of training programs. Each Flight Operations Section is responsible for the
development and up-keep/date of the training program information they require. The Flight
Operations Training Department (FOTD) is responsible for the construction of the FOTM.
FOTD will conduct the required training programs using the FOTM approved curriculums. The VP
Operations and chief pilot must approve any additional program that is requested by Flight Operations
in the interest of safety that is not required by regulations.
Instructors, evaluators, line check airmen and flight crew members shall use the documentation herein
and other ALPHA STAR DEFENSE manuals and approved forms for the conduct of training and
evaluations that are authorized.
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1.5 Definitions
The following are definitions of terms used throughout this manual:
1. Basic Indoctrination Training – This program is for new hire crewmembers, and dispatchers.
2. Initial Training – This program is for flight deck crewmembers and dispatchers who have not
qualified and served in the same capacity aircraft.
3. Transition Training – This program is for crewmembers and dispatchers who have served in the
same capacity aircraft.
4. Upgrade Program – This program is for crewmembers that have qualified and served, as second
in command and are candidates for upgrade to pilot in command.
5. Differences Training – This training program is for crew members/ dispatchers who have
qualified on a particular type of airplane, when the authority finds that the differences training is
necessary before a crew member serve in the same capacity aircraft.
1.6 Grading Requirement

All trainees must attain a minimum 80% grade to successfully complete training program for any
written examination and must demonstrate the skills and knowledge required to attain satisfactory
results on all practical examinations.
1.7 Unsuccessful Grading or Failure

In the event a trainee fails to attain a grade of 80% on a written or satisfactorily complete a practical
examination, the instructor will report the results to Manager Training/Equipment Chief Pilot, who
will assign a qualified instructor to review the examination results to determine the weak areas and
review the material for those areas with the trainee. In the event of a second unsatisfactory grade
results on any written or practical examination, the instructor will forward the complete training
record to the Manager Training who in turn will notify the concerned equipment Chief Pilot. The
Manager Training will schedule a meeting to review the trainee’s record and make a recommendation
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for additional training or removal from the training program. In the event of a third unsatisfactory
grade results on any written or practical examination the instructor will forward the complete training
record to include the minutes of the training review meeting to the Director Flight Operations for
further action.
1.8 Training Aids

The training aids utilized during the presentation of the training programs identified in this manual
may be any combination of the following:
1. Visual Aids
2. Training Videos
3. PowerPoint Presentations
4. Self-Pace Computer Based Training Programs
5. Stand up class instructions when required
6. Fix Based Simulator (FBS) Approved by ICAO or FAA or EASA
7. Full Flight Simulator (FFS) Level D Approved by ICAO or FAA or EASA
8. All simulators utilized in the training will be Level D.
9. Alpha Star Defense shall insure simulated aircraft, weather and environmental conditions are
standardized and appropriate for the training/evaluation being administered.
1.9 Method of Instructions

The Instructional Methods utilized during the presentation of the training programs identified in this
manual may be any combination of the following:
a. Lecture
b. Demonstration
c. Trainee Participation
d. Additional Reading Assignments
e. FBS Practice
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f. FFS Practice
1.10 Flight Deck Crewmember

This chapter provides information for selecting the correct training program required to meet the
training needs for each flight deck crewmember.
1.11 Program Selection

The crewmember training program selection is dependent on the qualification of the crewmember
and the definition identified in the premise for the training programs in this manual.
1.12 Training Records All Courses

1. Training records of all activities (flight/ground) will be established and maintained for each flight
crewmember, dispatchers, instructors and Check Airmen for the duration of his employment plus
24 months.
2. These records shall reflect accurately the dates and type of training and will include the following:
a. Crewmember data sheet, including pertinent personal and aviation information.
b. Copy of the Pilot Certificate and Medical Certificate.
c. Dates of initial and recurrent training, including types of equipment, dates and hours flown.
d. Dates of simulator and flight training.
e. Certificate of training from contractual facility and/or training organizations.
f. Upgrade training reports.
g. Management training Documentation.
h. Route and airport qualifications.
3. It is the responsibility of Training Manager to ensure that copies of training records are delivered,
filed and retained at the ALPHA STAR Defense office.
4. Training records are maintained electronically and hard copy by the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE
Training Department.
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Chapter 2
Training Requirements and Qualifications
2.1 Training Manager

Is responsible for the management and supervision of the Crew, Dispatch and Medevac Training.
The responsibilities of the Training Manager are as follows:
● Organizing and completing the training necessary for the crewmembers to acquire and maintain
their qualification to adequately perform their assigned duties; directing and supporting the
training department, human factors, the safety and the simulator training; flight crew, cabin crew,
dispatch & Medevac training departments and regular recurrent CRM training activities;
● Ensure that the training facilities and equipment fulfills the required specification and are duly
● approved;
● Monitor and supervise the training provided by third parties and ensure that the facilities and
● training provided is up to the required standard of Alpha Star Defense;
● Maintain training records and documentation of crewmembers.
● Developing and providing training programs;
● Monitor the operation and identifies deficiencies that may require the provision of extra training
or changes in operational procedures.
● Performing other duties that may be assigned by the Project Manager.
The Training Manager will conduct Instructor Standardization meetings once (or more) each
year, which will cover the below agenda items;
a. Emphasize the standards that must be maintained.
b. Previous significant training events for discussion.
c. Discuss training plans for the coming year.
d. Open discussions for suggestions and problems.
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2.2 Instructor Pilot – Aircraft Simulator

a. Check Flights will be administered by authorized Alpha Star Defense.
Instructor Pilots are not to reveal the exact sequence of maneuvers during an evaluation.
Management will ensure an absence of bias is maintained in the training and evaluation program
that permits trainees to be objectively assessed against approved performance standards without
undue internal or external interference. Instructor shall function independently and their decisions
and recommendations shall not be subjected to management pressure or other outside influences.
Prior to each training session, the instructor will review the maintenance log for discrepancies and
upon completion of each simulator or flight training session, the instructor will enter any
deficiencies in the log book. Simulators or other equipment will not be used unless it will meet
the crewmember training or checking requirements for tasks that require the use of the correctly
operating component. A record of the simulator deficiencies must be maintained for at least 60
days.
To maintain currency, each instructor must conduct at least two training cycles each year.
b. Instructors Pilots and Check Airman will be selected from qualified crewmembers by the
concerned Manager. The selection will be based on line/simulator checks and recommendations
from Standardization and/or Check Airman.
Instructors Pilots and Check Airman must be qualified in authorized Alpha Star Defense. Prior to
being nominated, each shall attend an approved check airman course, subsequent to the training,
it shall be recorded in the individuals training record.
1. Instructors / Check Airmen must satisfactorily complete initial or transition instructor/check
airman training.
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2. Holds the airman certificates and ratings required to serve as a pilot in command of the aircraft
type in operations.
3. Has satisfactorily completed the appropriate training phases for the aircraft, including
recurrent training, that are required to serve as a pilot in command.
4. Has satisfactorily completed the appropriate proficiency or competency checks that are
required to serve as a pilot in command.
5. Has satisfactorily completed the applicable training requirements as appropriate, including in-
flight training and practice for initial and transition training.
6. If serving as a required crewmember, he shall hold a Class I medical certificate as appropriate.
7. Has satisfied the recent experience requirements. Fly at least two flight segments as a required
crewmember for the type airplane involved within the 12-month period preceding the
performance of any check airman duty in a flight simulator.
8. Has been approved by Alpha Star Defense for the Instructor/Check Airman duties involved
and subsequently annually thereafter.
9. Within the preceding 24 months, has satisfactorily conducted a proficiency or competency
check under the observation of an inspector or a designated examiner. The observation check
may be accomplished in an aircraft or in an FSTD.
10. Attended a seat-specific (right or left seat, as applicable) recurrent program for instructors,
evaluators, and Line Check Airmen who perform duties from either seat.
11. Satisfactorily complete an approved line observation program within the period prescribed by
that program before performing any check pilot duty in an FFS.
12. Attends annual Standardization Meetings.
13. Records of these checks shall be entered in the Check Airman records.
14. Instructor/Check airmen who have reached their 65th birthday or who do not hold an
appropriate medical certificate may function as simulator instructor/check airmen, but may
not serve as pilot flight crew members in operations.
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2.3 Initial Cadre for New Aircrafts Types

1. Initial Cadre Instructor Pilots shall be trained and certificated for their flight crewmember duty
position. They shall be certified by an authorized Alpha Star Defense Instructor.
2. Initial Cadre Instructor Pilots shall become proficient in the policies and procedures detailed in
this FOTM by instructing another cadre check pilot, or by self-instruction. A qualified Safety Pilot
or Instructor Pilot from the manufacturer or another operator may be used if available.
3. After becoming proficient as an instructor, Initial Cadre Instructor Pilots, may begin training and
checking of other initial cadre pilots in accordance with this training program’s flight training and
qualification curriculum segments.
4. Initial cadre check pilots may obtain Operating Experience (OE) operating flight hours during any
required proving flights, training flights, or ferry flights, and may be accrued while conducting
aircraft checks, observing OE for other flight crewmembers, being checked or acquiring OE under
the supervision of other initial cadre.
5. Initial cadre check pilots must receive a line check and conduct a line check during an en route
proving flight or a ferry flight.
2.4 Flight Crewmembers Prerequisite for Employment

a. All prospective crewmember’s candidates shall be screened through a recruitment process in
coordination with Human Resource Department.
b. The process will be comprised of:
1) An interview ensuring the required qualification, knowledge and experience relevant to the
flight crew position.
2) Sufficient English language proficiency for comprehending the company manuals and
documentation and effective communication with ATC and other crew members.
3) Company Medical and psychological examination including Interpersonal Skills.
4) Security background check.
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2.4.1 Captain Fixed Wing – Direct Hire

1. Qualification:
a. A valid ICAO member state ATP license on fixed wing transport aircraft with an ICAO
English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
b. Current ICAO member state First Class Medical Certificate.
c. Satisfactory completion of high school.
d. Satisfactory completion of the entire company screening process.
e. No positive indication of illegal drugs on a Drug Screening Test.
f. Final approval of Selection Board / VP Operations
2. Experience:
a. Captain (Expat):
Total Flying Time: 5,000 hours.
2,000 hours as PIC which includes 500 hours on the type.
b. Captain (Saudi National):
Total Flying Time: Minimum 2000 hours’ flight time including 500 hours PIC.
2.4.2 First Officer Fixed Wing Direct Hire

1. Qualifications:
a. A valid ICAO member state Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument
rating, and with English Language Proficiency of level 4 or higher.
g. Satisfactory completion of the entire company screening process.
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h. No positive indication of illegal drugs on a Drug Screening Test.

i. Final approval of Selection Board / VP Operations,
2. Experience (Expat):
Required Flying Hours for Turboprop
2,000 hours of which 500 hours on the type aircraft.
2.4.3 First Officer (Saudi National) - Qualifications, experiences and requirements:

a. A valid Saudi National Identification Card.
b. A valid GACA Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument rating and an
ICAO English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
OR
A valid ICAO member state Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument
rating and an ICAO English Language Proficiency of level 4 or higher. In this case, the candidate
shall provide:
 GACA foreign pilot certificate authentication.
 GACA aeronautical knowledge test results.
c. Current GACA First Class Medical Certificate.
d. Satisfactory completion of high school, Science field.
e. Satisfactory completion of the entire company screening process.
f. No positive indication of illegal drugs on a Drug Screening Test.
g. Final approval of Selection Board / VP Operations.
2.4.4 Fixed Wing Crewmembers from GSAC

a. Valid certificate from GSAC of approved training as an Airplane pilot.
b. Certificate of Instrument and multiengine approved training
c. ICAO English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
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d. Current GACA First Class Medical Certificate or GSAC equivalent.

2.4.5 Captain Helicopter – Direct Hire

1. Qualification:
a. A valid ICAO member state ATP license on fixed wing transport aircraft with an ICAO
English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
2. Experience:
a. Helicopter Captain (Expat):
Total Flying Time: 5,000 hours.
2,000 hours as PIC which includes 500 hours on the type.
b. Helicopter Captain (Saudi National):
Total Flying Time: Minimum 2000 hours’ flight time including 500 hours PIC.
2.4.6 Helicopter First Officer Direct Hire

1. Qualifications:
a. A valid ICAO member state Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument
rating, and with English Language Proficiency of level 4 or higher.
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g. Satisfactory completion of the entire company screening process.
h. No positive indication of illegal drugs on a Drug Screening Test.
i. Final approval of Selection Board / VP Operations.
2. Experience (Expat):
Required Flying Hours
For Turboprop
2,000 hours of which 500 hours on the type aircraft.
2.4.7 Helicopter First Officer (Saudi National) - Qualifications, experiences and requirements:
a. A valid Saudi National Identification Card.
b. A valid GACA Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument rating and an
ICAO English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
OR
A valid ICAO member state Commercial Multi-Engine Land Pilot Certificate with instrument
rating and an ICAO English Language Proficiency of level 4 or higher. In this case, the candidate
shall provide:
● GACA foreign pilot certificate authentication.
● GACA aeronautical knowledge test results.
c. Current GACA First Class Medical Certificate.
d. Satisfactory completion of high school, Science field.
g. Final approval of Selection Board / VP Operations.
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2.4.8 Helicopter Crewmembers from GSAC

a. Valid certificate from GSAC of approved training as an Airplane pilot.
b. Certificate of Instrument and multiengine approved training
c. ICAO English Language Proficiency level 4 or higher.
d. Current GACA First Class Medical Certificate or GSAC equivalent.
2.5 New Hire Flight Crewmember Induction Procedure

New hire flight crewmember is not available to Flight Operations for induction procedures until
formally released in writing by HR. Upon release by HR to Flight Operations, they shall be processed
in accordance with the below process.
a. New hire will be under the direction of Flight Operations Training for the operations induction
process, they will not be available for aircraft training until released by Flight Operations
Training.
b. Obtain GACA First Class Medical or equivalent.
c. Attend Basic Indoctrination Training.
 40 Hours ALPHA STAR DEFENSE Classroom Instruction.
d. Each pilot must successfully complete the initial ground and flight training for that type aircraft
and for the particular crew member position being trained for, prior to commencing aircraft
training.
2.6 Operating Experience (OE)

The operating experience, operating cycles, and line operating flight time for consolidation of
knowledge and skills must be acquired after satisfactory completion of the appropriate ground and
flight training for the particular aircraft type and crewmember position. Experience gained during
ferry and proving flights may be qualified.
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A qualifying pilot in command completing initial or upgrade training must be observed in the
performance of prescribed duties by an instructor pilot during at least one flight leg which includes a
takeoff and landing.
A PIC & SIC accumulating the Line Operating Flight time must be supervised by a check airman
who will be the PIC.
Pilots who are meeting the pilot in command requirements may serve as second in command.
Any part of the flight maneuvers and procedures portion of either an airline transport pilot certificate
with type rating practical test or an additional type rating practical test.
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Chapter 3
Training Program
3.1 General
3.1.1 Objective
The purpose of this chapter is to detail the specific Ground Training Courses administered by a GACA
approved Training Department.
3.1.2 Evaluations
The trainee must obtain a minimum of 80% in all examinations and demonstrate the required skills
and knowledge in order to pass a unit of instruction or satisfactorily complete a course.
3.1.3 Training Facilities Location

ALPHA STAR Defense will conduct the ground training courses detailed in this chapter at an
approved location.
3.1.4 Training Aids

The training aids used in the presentations will vary depending upon the subject and objective of the
training element. Training aids may include but not be limited to the following:
a. Visual aids
b. PowerPoint and video presentations
c. Classroom System Trainers
d. Flight Management System Trainers (FMS)
e. Cockpit Procedure Trainer (CPT
f. Classroom Handouts
g. Corresponding Handbooks
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3.1.5 Methods of Instruction

The methods of instruction used in the presentations will vary depending upon the subject and
objective of the training element. Methods of instruction may include but not be limited to the
following:
a. Facilitation
b. Lecture
c. Demonstration
d. Self-Study
e. Hands-on Practice
f. Analysis
g. Computer Based Training (CBT)
h. E – Learning Computer Based Training is used for
● Basic Indoctrination
● Systems Training
3.2 Basic Indoctrination for Flight Deck Crewmember
3.2.1 Objective
This program will introduce the New Hire Crewmember to the appropriate information concerning
the duties and responsibilities for his assigned aircraft, and company policies and procedures. This
training course is GACA approved and conducted in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE training department
in Riyadh.
3.2.2 Premise
This program is for new hire crewmembers with no previous operational experience with ALPHA
STAR DEFENSE. The new hire crewmember must have previous flying experience aircraft as
specified by ALPHA STAR DEFENSE.
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In addition to the curriculum below, new hire crewmembers will attend Command Training and
Evaluation and Qualification.
 Captains will undergo both left and right seat training in both simulator and aircraft training, SIC
will only do right seat training.
 Dangerous Goods training will be included in this Basic Indoctrination as outlined in FOTM
Dangerous Goods recurrent training will be conducted each 24 months.
 CRM training will be included in this Basic Indoctrination as outlined in FOTM, and recurrent
training will be conducted each 24 months.
 Otherwise both captains and SIC will undergo the same training, including;
 CRM
 Human factors
 Crew Relationships
 Team building
 Conflict Resolution
 Leadership
 Authority and responsibilities of the PIC in operations for the operator;
 Adherence to the limitations of the AOC;
 Responsibilities relevant to the Operational Flight Plan (OFP) and Aircraft Technical Log
(ATL);
 Responsibilities relevant to the reporting of accidents and incidents
3.2.3 Curriculum
Program
Subject
hours
Duties and Responsibilities 1
Company Organization and Operational Control 1
General Authority of Civil Aviation Regulations and GSAC 2
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Contents of Operating Certificate and Operation Specifications 2

General Operation Manual (GOM) 3
Meteorology 2
Windshear 1
Navigation & use of Navigation Aids 1
Visual Cues 1
Normal and emergency communication procedures 1
Jeppesen Manual/JEP View 3
EFB – Electronic Flight Bag 2
Operations Specifications 2
Aircraft Performance and Airport Analysis 6
Mass and Balance 4
Dispatch, or Flight Release, Flight Planning and ATC procedure & phraseology 3
Flight Handbook/Manuals 1
Flight Operations 3
Special Airports 1
Fatigue Management 1
Examinations 2
CRM
3.2.4 Course Outline

1. Duties and Responsibilities
a. Organization of Flight Training
b. Policy When in Training
c. Personal Equipment
d. Personal Documents
e. Manuals
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f. Other Considerations
2. GACARs
a. General
b. Specifics Related to Assignment
c. Approved crew resource management initial training
3. Meteorology
a. Physical Properties of Air
b. METAR
c. TAF
d. Turbulence
e. Thunderstorms
f. Icing
g. Contaminated Runway
h. Volcanic Ash Route Planning
i. Seasonal Meteorological Changes
4. Windshear
a. Wind shear weather
b. Lessons learned from wind shear encounters
c. Effects of Wind shear on airplanes
d. Wind shear recovery techniques
5. Generals Operations Manual (GOM/SOP) Manual Layout

a. Specifics Related to Assignment
b. Flight Operations Specifics
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6. Jeppesen Manual
a. General
b. Specifics Related to Assignment
c. Search and Rescue for the operating area
d. JEP View
7. Electronic Flight Bag (EFB)

a. I-Pads
b. Jeppesen Manuals & Charts
c. Aircraft Manuals
d. Company Manuals
8. Performance
a. Flight Planning
b. Aircraft Performance Characteristics
c. Fuel Consumption/Cruise Control
d. Diversion Planning Considerations
e. Drift Down Procedures and Requirements
f. Airport Analysis chart
g. Airplane Flight Manual (AFM)
h. Upset Recovery
i. RVSM FOTM
j. MNPS FOTM
k. TCAS / ACAS FOTM
l. TAWS / GPWS FOTM
9. Operations Specifications
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a. General
b. Operational Specifics
10. Flight Handbook/Manual

a. Layout
b. Use
c. Publication and Revision
d. Introduction to Operations Manuals
e. MEL / CDL
11. Flight Operations

a. Procedures and Responsibilities
b. Flight Release procedures;
c. Air traffic control systems, facilities, services, procedures, and phraseology;
d. Navigation facilities and the use of navigation aids, including long range navigation
procedures for the area of operation
e. Instrument approach, departures, holding procedures and operating minimums
f. Procedures for high density traffic areas and heavily populated areas
g. Thunderstorm Avoidance
h. Normal and emergency communication procedures;
i. Visual cues prior to and during descent below DA/DH or MDA;
j. Limitations
k. Right Seat Qualification
l. Special Airports and Areas and on routes or route segments over difficult terrain.
m. Crewmember incapacitation
n. Terrain, minimum safe altitudes,
o. Airport obstructions, layout, lighting, approach aids
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12. Mass & Balance

a. Aircraft Weight Limitations
b. Manual Trim Sheet
c. LPC /e-Flite
13. Fatigue Management

a. Fitness confirmation
14. Regulatory Requirements

a. Effects of fatigue on pilots
b. Fatigue countermeasures
15. Examinations
a. Performance
b. Procedures
3.3 Crew Resource Management (CRM)

CRM will be conducted for all crew members in accordance with this Chapter of the FOTM.
However, credit may be given for training with another certificate holder.
3.4 Crewmembers CRM/Dispatchers DRM Initial
3.4.1 Objective
The purpose of this course is to identify and analyze the Human Factor elements, which may
contribute to aircraft incidents and accidents and reinforce the effective role of the crewmember by
timely and proficient use.
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3.4.2 Location
This training course is conducted in accordance with;
 Flight Crew will receive CRM Initial training at the appropriate approved Training Center as part
of their aircraft initial training in accordance with this curriculum.
 Aircraft Dispatchers receive DRM and crewmembers receive CRM Initial training at the ALPHA
STAR DEFENSE Training Department in Riyadh in accordance with this curriculum.
3.4.3 Curriculum
Subject Program Hours

Introduction 01
Workshop Theory & Analysis 01
Situational Awareness 03
Communication 01
Threat and Error Management 02
Command and Leadership 03
Decision Making 01
Teamwork 03
Stress 01
Total Hours 16

1. Introduction
a. Course Plan
b. Operational Integrity
2. Workshop Theory and Analysis
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a. Safety Chain
b. Ground Rules
c. Grid Style Description
3. Situational Awareness
a. Low vs High Situational Awareness
b. Identifying Clues of Loss of S.A.
c. Error Chain & Risk Window
d. Exercises
4. Communication
a. Communicating Skills
b. Process
c. Advocacy
d. Inquiry
e. Exercises
5. Command & Leadership

a. Situational Leadership
b. The Four Leadership Styles
c. Ego State
d. The Grid
e. Grid Style Description Analysis
6. Decision Making
a. Process
b. Judgment
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c. Techniques
7. Teamwork
a. Crew Concept
b. Synergy
c. Conflict Resolution
d. Exercise
8. Stress
a. Sources and Effects
b. Management
3.5 Crewmember CRM/DRM Recurrent

3.5.1 Objective
The purpose of this course is to ensure the continued competence of ALPHA STAR DEFENSE
cockpit crew, and dispatchers in CRM principles. Credit may be given for training with another
certificate holder.
3.5.2 Premise
This course is designed for ALPHA STAR DEFENSE crewmembers and dispatchers who have
successfully completed the Initial CRM course.
3.5.3 Training Location

Location
Flight Crew receive CRM Recurrent training at the appropriate approved Training Center as part of
their aircraft recurrent training in accordance with this curriculum.
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Aircraft Dispatchers receive DRM Recurrent training at the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE Training
Department in Riyadh in accordance with this curriculum.
3.5.4 Training Aids

1. Handouts
2. Visual Aids
3. Video Tapes
3.5.5 Methods of Instructions

1. Facilitation
2. Case Study
3. Individual Team Participation
4. Computer Based Training (CBT)
3.5.6 Curriculum
The curriculum will be based on CRM scenarios. Practice and feedback will be used to improve skills
in communication, decision-making, and leadership.
The type of training may be all classrooms, all video, all CBT, or a combination of these, depending
on the subject being covered in a particular training period.
Curriculum will vary from time to time. In no case will the same curriculum be used beyond one year.
As a result, specific course outlines cannot be presented. However, the following subjects’ areas
represent the training to be conducted.
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Situational Awareness
Communication
Command and Leadership
Decision Making
Teamwork Stress
Total Hours 02
As an integral part of Recurrent Training each crewmember will participate in a continuing education
program including:
1. Newsletters - Human Factor related documents that need to be communicated to crewmembers.
2. Safety Bulletins.
3. Briefings.
3.6 Hazardous Material Training

Initial training will be accomplished as a new hire with recurrent training each 24 months.
A new hire or job transfer person whose job function involves storage incidental to transport, or
loading of items for transport on an aircraft, may perform those job functions for not more than 30
days from the date of hire or change of job function before attending the required training, if the
person is under the direct visual supervision of a person who is authorized by ALPHA STAR
DEFENSE and has been trained for the job function.
If a person is performing the same function for another air carrier and has been trained by the air
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carrier, need only be trained for ALPHA STAR DEFENSE policy and procedures, provided that the
air carrier provides copies of the person’s hazardous material training records to ALPHA STAR
DEFENSE
Records for this training must be maintained for three years for direct employees, contractors and
sub-contractors and any other person who performs or directly supervises these job functions on
behalf of ALPHA STAR DEFENSE. These records will be maintained at the main operations base,
but electronic versions or hard copy will be provided at an outstation location where these functions
take place.
3.7 Initial/Transition Dangerous Goods

3.7.1 Objective
ALPHA STAR DEFENSE “Will-Not-Carry” Hazardous Materials. However, they must be trained in
the recognition and procedures for the refusal of Hazardous Materials, and be prepared for any
emergency situation.
The objective of this course is to train flight crewmembers in the recognition or/and basic operational
theory and procedures related to the refusal to carry and the handling and carriage of Dangerous
Goods.
3.7.2 Training Records

The records are maintained in the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE Operations Training Department in
Riyadh and are available for inspection as required, the records are available electronically if required
at an outstation where the function may take place.
The records shall contain:
1. Name;
2. Training completion date;
3. Training material;
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4. Name of Function Supervisor

5. Training organization & address
6. Test completion – Satisfactory
3.7.3 Location
This training is conducted in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE training department in Riyadh.
3.7.4 Premise
This course is predicated on the fact that the flight crewmember is not expected to be a qualified cargo
agent or handler, but should be familiar with the subject.
3.8 TCAS
3.8.1 Objective
This course is designed to satisfy all initial ground and initial flight training requirements for TCAS
training. The initial check requirement will be satisfied by the examination given at the end of the
program.
This course will also be used to re-qualify a crewmember that has not operated a TCAS equipped
aircraft for a 12-month period.
3.8.2 Premise
Crewmembers attending this course is either currently qualified on the aircraft or undergoing training
leading to this qualification.
3.8.3 Curriculum
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TCAS Theory
TCAS Equipment
ATC
TCAS Operations
Examination
Total Hours 2.0

1. TCAS Theory
a. General Concepts
b. Limitations
2. TCAS Equipment
a. Control/Indications
b. Interfaces
c. MEL Considerations
d. Failures and Malfunctions
3. ATC
a. Considerations and Communications
b. Emergency Authority
c. Reports
4. TCAS Operations
a. Expected Responses
b. Event Reporting
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c. Operational Examples
5. Examination
3.9 TAWS (EGPWS)

3.9.1 Objective
This course is designed to satisfy all initial ground and initial flight training requirements for TAWS
program.
This course will also be used to re-qualify a flight deck crewmember that has not operated a TAWS
equipped aircraft for a 12-month period.
3.9.2 Location
This training course is conducted during the specific aircraft ground school at approved training
facility listed.
3.9.3 Premise
Crewmembers attending this course is either currently qualified on the aircraft or undergoing training
leading to this qualification.
3.9.4 Curriculum

TAWS Theory
TAWS Equipment
ATC
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TAWS Operations
Examination
Total Hours 2.0

1. TAWS Theory
a. General Concepts
b. Limitations
2. TAWS Equipment
b. Interface
3. ATC
c. Reports
4. TAWS Operations
b. Event Reporting
5. Examinations
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3.10 Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums (RVSM)

3.10.1 Objective
This course is designed to satisfy all initial ground and initial flight training requirements for
RVSM training. The initial check requirement will be satisfied by the examination given at the end
of the program.
This course will also be used to re-qualify a crewmember that has not operated RVSM qualified
3.10.2 Location
facility.
3.10.3 Premise
Crewmembers attending this course is either currently qualified on the aircraft or undergoing
training leading to this qualification.
3.10.4 Curriculum

RVSM Theory
RVSM Equipment
ATC
RVSM Operations
Examination
Total Hours 2.0
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1. RVSM Theory
a. General Concepts
b. Limitations
2. RVSM Equipment
b. Interfaces
3. ATC
c. Reports
4. RVSM Operations
b. Event Reporting
5. Examination
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3.11 Differences Training

3.11.1 Objective
The purpose of this course is to address all the differences that are considered essential by the
ALPHA STAR DEFENSE for the operation of an aircraft, which is rated equal to the crew present
qualification but differs in certain systems/performance.
3.11.2 Location
This training course is conducted in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE training department in Riyadh.
3.11.3 Premise
The crewmember attending this course is currently qualified on the aircraft or undergoing the
3.11.4 Subjects
Instructions in each appropriate subject or part thereof required for the initial ground training of the
aircraft that is a different model of the same aircraft.
3.11.5 Course Outlines

Differences course outlines are given in the Annexes Chapter of this manual.
3.12 Route and Airport / Base Qualification

3.12.1 Objective
The purpose of this course is to provide a pilot and pilot in command with the necessary and required
current information pertinent to the routes and airports into which he will be operating.
3.12.2 Location
This training course is conducted in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE training department in Riyadh.
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3.12.3 Premise
This course is predicated on the pilot in command being a qualified line captain on the aircraft to
which he is assigned. The respective equipment manager will select pilots for this course who
require initial airport/base qualification or will be operating into a special area or airport.
3.12.4 Curriculum
The curriculum for this course will contain the following subjects related to the specific area, route,
or airport involved.
1. Weather
2. Navigation Facilities
3. Communications
4. Terrain
5. Flight levels
6. Enroute and Terminal Area Procedures
7. Airport Characteristics
8. Notices to Airme
9. Political Considerations
10. North Atlantic (NAT)
11. Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum
The training time for the course will vary depending on the amount of coverage required for each
specific area, route, or airport involved.

1. Weather
a. Thunderstorms
b. Frontal Activity
c. Terminal Obstructions (fog, etc.)
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2. Navigation Facilities
a. VOR
b. ILS
c. Radar
3. Communications
a. Enroute Frequencies
b. Terminal Frequencies
c. Visual Aids
4. Terrain
a. Types
b. Obstructions
5. Flight Levels
a. Enroute
b. Terminal (Approach and Departure)
6. En Route and terminal Area Procedures

a. Arrival
b. Departure
c. Holding
d. Authorized Instrument Approaches
e. NOTAMs
7. Airport Characteristics
a. Congested Areas
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b. Physical Airport Layout

c. Terminal Area
8. Political Considerations
a. Regional
b. Local
c. Restricted Airspace
d. Danger Areas
e. Over flight permissibility
9. North Atlantic (NAT)

a. General Briefing
b. NAT Traffic
c. Organized Track Structure (OTS) / Random Routes
d. Minimum Navigation Performance Specification (MNPS)
e. MACH Number Technique
f. Special Procedures for In-Flight Contingencies
g. North Atlantic Plotting Chart Procedures
10. Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum

a. Flight Planning
b. Pre-Flight Procedures
c. In-Flight Procedures
d. Contingency Procedures
e. Post Flight Procedures
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3.13 Minimum Navigation Performance Specification (MNPS)

3.13.1 Objective
This course is designed to satisfy all initial ground and initial flight training requirements for MNPS
program.
This course will also be used to re-qualify a crewmember that has not operated MNPS qualified
3.13.2 Location
facility.
3.13.3 Premise
Crewmembers attending this course is either currently qualified on the aircraft or undergoing
3.13.4 Curriculum

MNPS Theory
MNPS Equipment
ATC
MNPS Operations
Examination
Total Hours 2.0
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1. MNPS THEORY
a. General Concepts
b. Limitations
2. MNPS EQUIPMENT
b. Interfaces
3. ATC
c. Reports
4. MNPS OPERATIONS
b. Event Reporting
5. Examination
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Chapter 4
Flight Training
4.1 General
4.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to detail the specific Flight Training Courses administered by the Flight
Training Department; and
Flight training and practice in the maneuvers and procedures set forth in this FOTM.
Satisfactory completion of a proficiency check may be substituted for recurrent flight training.
4.1.2 Objective
The purpose of the flight training courses is to train the crewmember in the operation of the aircraft.
The training will include aircraft systems, operations, flight characteristics, and airline procedures so
that he may, after successful completion, operate ALPHA STAR DEFENSE aircraft in a safe,
standard, and efficient manner. The training will prepare the trainee to meet the entry requirements
of Initial Operating Experience (IOE).
4.1.3 Training Location

Training will be conducted in approved FAA, EASA or ICAO training location.
4.1.4 Methods of Instructions

1. Briefings
2. Demonstration
3. Procedural Drills
4. Observation
5. Critique/Review/Discussion
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4.1.5 Flight Proficiency & Standards (FPS)

Flight Proficiency and Standards are used to evaluate trainee progress and attainment of course
objectives.
Flight Proficiency and Standards for each aircraft type are found in the appropriate Flight Crew
Operations Manual (FCOM).
4.1.6 Initial, Transition, and Upgrade Training Maneuvers and Procedures

The maneuvers and procedures utilized during Initial and Transition training will conform to the
requirements of specific training manual of aircraft.
4.1.7 Proficiency Check Maneuvers and Procedures

The maneuvers and procedures required during Proficiency Checks will conform to the training
manual of each aircraft.
a. Additional Time
When the phrase "additional time at the controls" is used, the amount of time is determined by the
check airman. It is the amount of additional time necessary to satisfy the check airman that the
trainee is competent in his execution of the required maneuvers.
b. Program Hours
All simulator and aircraft training times referred to in the following pages are programmed hours.
A crewmember may complete training in less than the programmed time. Training time reduction
shall not exceed 10% of the programmed hours. The crewmember shall be recommended by a
qualified check airman as having met the standards of proficiency and approved by the Flight
Training Manager.
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4.2 Simulators and Training Devices

All flight training will be conducted in full flight simulators certificate by ICAO, FAA or EASA.
Simulators and training devices used in conjunction with this training program must be:
● Level “C” or “D”
● The specific type and variation for which the training or checking is being conducted.
● Approved for the particular maneuvers, procedures or crewmember functions involved.
● Approved simulators may be used to satisfy the in-flight training requirements.
4.3 Limitations on Crew Pairing

Crew Pairing. Either the pilot in command or the second in command must have at least 100 hours of
flight time in that aircraft make or model and, if a type rating is required, for that type aircraft, a pilot
in command type rating.
4.4 Proficiency (Competency)

Each pilot in command of an airplane must have completed a Proficiency Check, within the preceding
12 calendar months and, in addition, within the preceding 6 calendar months, either a Competency or
Instrument Proficiency check, in which he satisfactorily performs the duties and responsibilities of a
pilot in command in one of the types of airplanes he is to fly.
Each SIC shall within the preceding 24 calendar months have completed either a proficiency checks
or the line oriented simulator training course, and within the preceding 12 calendar months, either a
proficiency checks or any simulator training course.
All Proficiency Checks will be conducted in Level C or D Visual Simulators.
a. Objective
The objective of this check is to maintain high standards of proficiency among line captains,
first officers for all equipment.
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Training Location
Training will be conducted at approved training.
Premise
The Proficiency Check is for crewmembers that are currently qualified on ALPHA STAR
DEFENSE aircraft.
b. Training Aids
The full Flight Level C or D simulator is the primary training aid for conducting Proficiency
Checks. However, under certain situations, the actual aircraft may be utilized for the check.
c. Methods of Checking
The Check Airman will observe and confirm the crewmember's operating skills and knowledge
by following the established Proficiency Check curriculum.
d. Curriculum
The check serves as an evaluation of the crewmember's operating proficiency and knowledge of
the normal and emergency procedures.
Additional time will be provided when necessary to improve the performance of any crewmember
who demonstrates less than the standard level of proficiency.
Proficiency Check
1. Captain
Briefing/Debriefing 3:00
Full Flight Simulator** 4:00
Total Hours 7:00
Landings in Aircraft Observed by IOE Check Airman*
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2. First Officer
Briefing/Debriefing 3:00
Full Flight Simulator** 4:00
Total Hours 7:00
Two Landings Observed in Aircraft by PIC*
* The observed landings will be logged within one calendar month before or after the
Proficiency Check base month; May be done in Level D simulator.
** In the event that the aircraft is used, the program requirement will be 1 hour.
e. Check Outline
1. Briefing
a. Systems Examination
b. Simulator Activity Review
2. Simulator
a. Departures
b. Maneuvers
c. Approaches
d. Landings
e. Procedures
3. The evaluation shall include a demonstration of knowledge of:

a. Approaches authorized by the Authority;
b. Ceiling and visibility requirements for takeoff, approach and landing;
c. Allowance for inoperative ground components;
d. Wind limitations (crosswind, tailwind and, if applicable, headwind). (GM)
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f. General Regulations
1. All simulator checks will operate with full sets of crew. A right seat qualified captain may be
substituted for a first officer.
2. If one of the pilots of a scheduled crew does not show up for a proficiency check and no
replacement can be found, the period will be cancelled.
3. If one pilot fails to show for a PC, it is the responsibility of the check airman to notify the
Flight Scheduling and Training Department of the no show.
4. During a proficiency check, when a check airman determines that a maneuver is
unsatisfactory, the check airman may conduct training and then repeat the maneuver. If
satisfactory performance is not achieved after two attempts, the matter will be referred to the
Manager of Training for resolution. Training may not be conducted without recording the
failure of the maneuver.
5. Following are guidelines for check airmen conducting proficiency checks:
a. Training and checking cannot be conducted simultaneously. When training is required,
the check must be temporarily suspended, training conducted, and then the check resumed.
b. When training to proficiency is required, the check airman must record the maneuvers
which were initially failed and in which training was given.
c. When training to proficiency is conducted and the check is subsequently completed within
the original simulator session, the overall grade for the check may be recorded as
satisfactory.
6. If the pilot being checked fails any of the required maneuvers, the person giving the
proficiency check may give additional training to the pilot during the course of the proficiency
check. In addition to repeating the maneuvers failed, the person giving the proficiency check
may require the pilot being checked to repeat any other maneuvers he finds are necessary to
determine the pilot’s proficiency. If the pilot being checked is unable to demonstrate
satisfactory performance to the person conducting the check, ALPHA STAR DEFENSE may
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not use him nor may he serve in operations under this part until he has satisfactorily completed
a proficiency check.
7. The proficiency checks (other than the initial proficiency check for an SIC) may be conducted
in an approved visual simulator if the pilot being checked accomplishes at least two landings
in the appropriate airplane during a line check or other check conducted by a pilot check
airman (a pilot in command may observe and certify the satisfactory accomplishment of these
landings. If a pilot proficiency check is conducted in accordance with this paragraph, the next
required proficiency check for that pilot must be conducted in the same manner
8. Wind shear maneuvers and procedures must be performed in an FFS in which the maneuvers
and procedures are specifically authorized to be accomplished.
4.5 Annual Line Check

Each pilot in command of an airplane must have completed a Line Check, within the preceding 12
calendar months, in which he satisfactorily performs the duties and responsibilities of a pilot in
command in one of the types of airplanes he is to fly.
1. Be given by a pilot check airman who is currently qualified on both the route and the airplane;
and
2. Consist of at least one flight segment over a typical part of the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE
Objective
The objective of this check is to maintain high standards of proficiency among line captains, and first
officers for all equipment.
Location
Conducted in the aircraft during a line operational flight with a ALPHA STAR DEFENSE approved
Line Check Airman.
a. Premise
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The Line Check is for crewmembers that are currently qualified on ALPHA STAR DEFENSE
aircraft.
b. Methods of Checking
The Check Airman will observe and confirm the crewmember's operating skills and knowledge
by following the established Standards.
c. Requirement
Within the preceding 12 calendar months each PIC must pass a line check in which he
satisfactorily performs the duties and responsibilities of a pilot in command in one of the types of
airplanes he is to fly.
Consist of at least one flight over a typical part of the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE route.
4.6 Record Keeping

Each instructor, supervisor, or check airman who is responsible for a particular ground training
subject, segment of flight training, course of training, flight check, or competence check under this
part shall certify as to the proficiency and knowledge of the crewmember, flight instructor, or check
airman concerned upon completion of that training or check.
That certification shall be made a part of the crewmember’s record.
Flight Crew Dispatcher Cabin Crewmember

Proficiency Check Competency Check Competency Check
Initial Training Initial Training Initial Training
Recurrent Training Recurrent Training Recurrent Training
Other Training Other Training Other Training
Safety Training-24 Months 5 hrs. Operating Familiarization Safety Training
Medical Certificate Airplane Qualification Medical Record
Airplane Qualifications Duty & Rest Records Airplane Qualification
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Route Qualifications Drug & Alcohol Testing Flight, Duty & Rest Records
Special Airport Qualifications DRM Drug & Alcohol Testing
Flight, Duty & Rest Records CRM
Drug & Alcohol Testing
CRM
Release from employment: Record any termination for physical or professional disqualification
of any flight crewmember or aircraft dispatcher and keep the record for at least 24 months
thereafter.
These records are maintained at the main Operations Base
4.7 Training Base Month

Whenever a crewmember/dispatcher who is required to take recurrent training, a flight check,
competence check or operating familiarization, takes the check or completes the training in the
calendar month before or after the calendar month in which that training or check is required, he is
considered to have taken or completed it in the calendar month in which it was required.
4.8 Cadet Program

Cadets may be accepted into the program subject to the requirements of this manual and successfully
completing a technical evaluation, which may include a simulator and/or aircraft check.
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Chapter 5
Initial Trainings and command Upgrade
5.1 Initial Operating Experience (IOE) Flight Deck Crew Training

Ground Training
a. Objective
The purpose of this course is to train the flight deck crew to be proficient in the procedures
related to the aircraft systems and emergency equipment. This training will prepare the trainee
to meet the entry requirements of Flight Training and provide the basis for standardized
operation of the pertinent aircraft in the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE fleet.
b. Premise
Training subjects that are applicable to more than one airplane or crewmember position and that
have been satisfactorily completed in connection with prior training for another airplane or
another crewmember position, need not be repeated during subsequent training other than
recurrent training.
c. Curriculum
Operational constraints and efficient resource management may occasionally require temporary
adjustments to the Initial Curriculum
Introduction (General) -
ECAM/Electronic Checklist -
Electrical -
APU -
Fuel -
Hydraulics -
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Flight Controls -
Landing Gear -
Brakes -
Pneumatics -
Air Conditioning -
Pressurization -
Ventilation -
Ice and Rain -
Fire Protection -
Power plant -
EFIS/Nav. -
Auto flight -
FMS -
Performance -
TCAS -
Weather Radar -
Volcanic Ash Cloud -
TAWS (EGPWS) -
Ground Deicing/Anti-Icing -
Airport Qualifications -
Dangerous Goods -
(RVSM) Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums -
Examination -
Total Ground Training 80 Hours
d. Course Outline
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1. Introduction
a. Course Outline
b. Course Requirements
c. Scheduling
d. Crew Operating Manual Description
e. Text Materials
2. General
a. General Aircraft Description
3. ECAM Intro & Operation

a. General Description
4. Electrical
a. General Electrical System
b. AC Power Distribution
Electrical (cont.)
a. DC Power Distribution
b. Auxiliary Power Unit
c. Malfunction Indications
d. Operating Procedures
5. Power Plant
a. Engine Description
b. Thrust Reversers
c. Engine Indications
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d. Engine Starting
e. Engine Fuel System
f. Engine Oil System
g. N1 Control
h. Aircraft Fuel System
i. Fire Protection System
j. Malfunction Indication
k. Operating Procedures
6. Air Conditioning
a. Pneumatic Bleed Air System Control/Operation
b. Temperature Control and Monitoring
c. Cargo Compartment Heating
d. Pressurization Modes of Operation
e. Equipment Ventilation
f. Ice and Rain Protection
g. Malfunction Indications
h. Operating Procedures
7. Hydraulics
a. Hydraulic Power and Distribution
b. Hydraulic Controls and Indicators
c. Flight Controls
d. Landing Gear and Brakes
e. Nose-wheel Steering
f. Malfunction Indications
g. Operating Procedures
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8. Avionics
a. Flight Instruments & Air Data System
b. IRS Operation
c. FMS
d. Automatic Flight System
e. Communication System
f. Malfunction Indications
g. Operating Procedures
9. TCAS
10. Weather Radar

b. Components & Indications
c. System Operations, Procedures & Limitations
d. Thunderstorm Recognition and Avoidance
e. Volcanic Ash Avoidance
11. Walkaround Video

12. CPT Prebrief
13. Performance
a. Flight Planning
b. Performance Characteristics
c. Fuel Consumption/Cruise Control
d. Runway Limitations for Takeoff & Landing
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e. Weight & Balance

f. Takeoff / Landing Data Card
g. Upset Recovery
14. Procedures
a. Flight Release
b. Meteorology
c. Air Traffic Control Systems
d. Navigation Aids & Instrument Approach Procedures
e. Normal & Emergency Communications
f. Visual Cues
15. Ground Deicing/Anti-Icing

For course details, see Ground Deicing/Anti-Icing Initial in this Chapter.
16. Safety
Course details are in this Chapter.
17. Examination
a. Final Systems Exam
b. Debrief
Simulator & Flight Training

a. Premise
This course is predicated on the crewmember having satisfactorily completed the appropriate
Initial/Transition Ground Training.
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b. Training Location
Training will be conducted at approved training location by ICAO, FAA or EASA
c. Curriculum
Normally, control and observer times for the student will be approximately the same. In those
cases, where there is only one student, an extra amount of time, as determined by the
Instructor/Check Airman, may be given in lieu of observer time.
PICs will be trained and checked in both left & right seats.
Must include a LOFT Scenario with full crew, over a typical route that includes maneuvers and
procedures (abnormal and emergency) that may be expected in line operations
Captains and F/O’s

Subject Program Hours/Sectors
* Full Flight C or D Level Simulator 24 Hours
* Line Training
a. Trainee with no experience………………………….……………………70 Sectors
b. Alpha Star pil……………………………...…............................................40 Sectors
* Proficiency Check……………………………………………………………2 Sectors
d. Course Outline
Full Flight Level C or D
Visual Simulator
a Familiarization j Left & Right Seat Qualification
b Systems k Flight Crew Division of Duties
c Approaches l Positive Transfer of Control
d Maneuvers m Consistent Checklist Philosophy
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e Operating Procedures n Prioritization of Task
f Emergency Drills o Use of Automation
g Windshear
h TAWS – GPWS
LOFT/LOS Line Operational

i Simulation, with CRM
objectives
5.2 Flight Instructor / Check Airman- Initial/Transition

a. Objective
The objective of this course is to qualify ALPHA STAR DEFENSE crewmembers, for
responsibilities as flight instructors/Check Airman and prepare the candidates to meet the entry
requirements of flight training.
Location
This training course is approved and conducted at certificate FAA, ICAO or EASA training
center.
b. Premise
This course is predicated on the candidate being recommended for training in accordance with the
company policy. It further assumes that all pre-reading assigned has been completed prior to the
start of classroom training.
c. Transition
The transition ground training for flight instructors/Check Airman must include the approved
methods, procedures, and limitations for performing the required normal, abnormal, and
emergency procedures applicable to the aircraft to which the flight instructor/Check Airman is in
transition.
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d. Curriculum

Pre-Work, Nomination, Recommendation Completed prior to training
1. Fundamentals of teaching and evaluation 1.0
2. Lesson plan management 1.0
3. Duties, functions and responsibility 2.0
4. Evaluation of Student Performance 1.0
5. Company policies and procedures 1.0
6. Methods, Procedures & Techniques for Flight Instructions 2.0
7. Regulations, Policies and Procedures 2.0
8. Briefing and Debriefing 1.0
9. Corrective Action 2.0
10. Characteristics 1.5
11. Human Factors & Characteristics issues 1.0
12. Feedback 1.0
13. Simulator & Training Device Procedures 2.0
14. Safety measures for emergencies during check 0.5
15. Training and practice in conducting flight checks from the
0.5
left and right seats
Total 19.5 Hours
e. Course Outline
1. Flight Instructor duties, functions and responsibility including knowledge of:
a. The fundamental of teaching and process
b. Lesson plan management
c. Teaching methods and practices
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d. Evaluation of Student Performance

e. The instructor - student relationship
f. Company Policy and Procedures
2. The appropriate methods, procedures, and techniques for conducting flight instructions
3. The applicable regulations and the company policies and procedures
4. Proper evaluation of student performance, including detection of:
a. Improper and insufficient training
b. Personal characteristics of applicant that could adversely affect safety
c. Corrective action in the case of unsatisfactory training progress
d. Briefing and De-Briefing
5. Ground training segment of flight instructors must include methods and limitations of
performing; normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures applicable to related aircraft.
6. Flight training segment for flight instructors must include the following:
a. Safety measures for emergency situations; which are likely to develop during instruction,
this may be accomplished in simulator training.
b. For flight instructor:
1) In-flight training and practice in conducting flight instruction from the left and right
pilot seats, normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures to ensure competence as an
instructor.
2) The safety measures to be taken from either pilot seat for emergency situation that are
likely to be develop during instruction.
7. Within the preceding 24 months, the instructor shall satisfactorily conducts instruction under
the observation of an ALPHA STAR DEFENSE check pilot. The observation check may be
accomplished in part or in full in an aircraft or in an FSTD.
8. Human Factor Characteristics
a. Planning & Crew Coordination
b. Situational Awareness & Accident/Incident Chain
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c. Communication & Information Sharing

d. Decision Making
e. Workload & Time Management
f. Complacency
g. Command & Leadership
h. Discipline & Attitude
i. Feedback
9. Feedback
a. Nature
b. Purpose
c. Timing
d. Stimulus, Response, Feedback
e. Interactive Skills
10. Simulator & Training Device Procedures
a. Proper operation of the controls and systems;
b. Proper operation of environmental and fault panels;
c. Data and motion limitations of simulation; and
d. Safety measures for training in a flight simulation device.
e. The minimum airplane simulator equipment required by this part or part 60 of this chapter,
for each maneuver and procedure completed in a flight simulator or a flight training
device.
11. Safety measures for emergencies during check
a. The safety measures for emergency situations that are likely to develop during a check.
b. The potential results of improper, untimely, or non-execution of safety measures during a
check.
12. Training and practice in conducting flight checks from the left and right seats.
a. Practice flying from both the left and right seats.
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b. Practice normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures from both seats.

c. Ensure competence to conduct the pilot flight checks.
5.3 Check Airman

a. Objective
With approval for the candidate, the objective of this course is to qualify crewmembers for
responsibilities as check airmen and during a new type aircraft/operation initiation, prepare the
candidates to meet the entry requirements as Check Airman / Initial Cadre flight training.
Location
This training course is aircraft specific and is conducted at approved training facility.
b. Premise
This course is predicated on the candidate's prior qualification as a crewmember on the respective
equipment, satisfactorily completed Flight Instructor Initial Ground School and recommendation
by the appropriate Equipment Manager, DFO, and Chief Pilot.
c. Curriculum
Responsibilities 01
Regulations 01
Evaluation Workshop 02
d. Course Outline
1. Responsibilities
Check airman / Initial Cadre duties, functions, and responsibilities.
2. Regulations
The GACA Regulations and the ALPHA STAR DEFENSE policies and procedures.
3. Evaluation Workshop
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a. Methods, procedures and techniques for conducting checks (This material is covered
during the Flight Training portion of the course.)
b. Evaluation of performance for detection of:
1. Insufficient training
2. Personal characteristics that could affect safety
c. Corrective action for unsatisfactory check (This material is covered during the Flight
Training portion of this course.)
d. Methods, procedures and limitations for performing the required normal, abnormal and
emergency procedures in the airplane (This material is covered during the Flight Training
Portion of this course.)
e. The safety measures for emergency situations that are likely to develop during a check.
5.4 Command Upgrade Training

a. Objective
The objective of this course is to provide experienced SIC’s, the tools and knowledge to act as
Commander (PIC) in the same type of Aircraft.
b. Minimum Requirements
Minimum requirement 1500 Total Flying Hours.
c. Premise
This course is predicated in the fact that the trainee has already previous ALPHA STAR
DEFENSE experience.
d. Training Location
This training course is aircraft specific and is conducted at a FAA, ICAO or EASA approved
training facility.
e. Curriculum
The training consists in:
Ground Training…………………………………………………………...…….20 hours.
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Sim Training…………………………………………………………….….…….8 Sessions.

Line Training…………………………………………………………………...…100 hours.
Proficiency Check………………………………………………………………...2 Sectors.
f. Course Outlines
The training will be conducted in accordance with the syllabus specified by the flight training
contactor and shall provide for completion of the following requirements:
1. Incorporation of Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT).
2. Adequate opportunity to practice both PF and PNF (PM) in the left-hand seat.
3. Development of those skills necessary for a Commander to be able to conduct safe and
efficient flight operations, under normal, abnormal and emergency conditions, including:
a) Cooperation, Leadership and Managerial Skills, Situational Awareness and Decision-
making
b) Communication Skills (involving all crewmembers) and
c) Task sharing and adherence to SOP’s.
4. Adequate opportunity for the trainee to experience a variety of system failures and other
operational abnormalities, to assess his ability to recognize and analyze the problem, and to
take appropriate corrective actions, including proper ECAM and QRH discipline.
5. Completion of a Proficiency Check to satisfy GACA requirements to operate as a
Commander.
g. Command Upgrade Final Line Check

The Command Final Line Check shall consist of a minimum of two (2) sectors (1 PF 1 PNF) and
shall be conducted by a GACA authorized Check Airman occupying the observer seat and the
joining pilot, an instructor pilot occupying the right-hand seat, being this instructor the legal
Commander of the flight.
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Chapter 6
Recurrent and Requalification Trainings
6.1 Recurrent Training General

Recurrent training must ensure each crew member and aircraft dispatcher receives recurrent ground
and flight training within the preceding 12 calendar months and is adequately trained and currently
proficient with respect to the type aircraft (including differences training, if applicable) and crew
member position involved.
For PIC, he has satisfactorily completed, within the preceding 12 calendar months, recurrent flight
training with Proficiency Check.
The Recurrent Training requirements are accomplished by a combination of ground, flight, and line
training program and checks
1. Ground Training -All Crewmembers will satisfactorily complete the Recurrent Ground Training
program once a year.
2. Flight Training – For each aircraft Type, all crewmembers must complete Recurrent Flight
Training each 12 months. In addition, within the preceding six calendar months, each
crewmember must complete a Proficiency Check (PC). (For pilots, a proficiency check may be
substituted for the recurrent flight training).
3. Line - All crewmembers will satisfactorily pass an annual Line Check.
4. Dispatchers Recurrent Ground Training and a Competence Check once each year.
6.2 Recurrent for Flight Deck Crewmembers

a. Objective
The purpose of this course is to ensure the continued competence of ALPHA STAR DEFENSE
flight crewmembers and to comply with the provisions by annual training in subjects relating to
efficient and safe flight operations.
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Each Flight Deck Crewmember, within the preceding 12 calendar months, shall have satisfactorily
completed recurrent ground and flight training for the aircraft type to be flown.
Location
This training course is aircraft specific and is conducted at approved training facility.
b. Premise
This training program is for flight deck crewmembers that are currently qualified on ALPHA
STAR DEFENSE aircraft.
c. Curriculum
The training program is for all aircraft certified for ALPHA STAR DEFENSE and the subject
information listed below is custom for each aircraft.
The curriculum varies from time to time to include material and information that will maintain
flight deck crewmember competency. Presentation of the same curriculum is for only one calendar
year at a time, and then rotated in a three-years program in order to present all aircraft systems in
not more than 3 years’ period. For this reason, a specific course outline cannot be presented.
However, the following subject areas are representative of the training to be conducted.
Each general subject will be covered annually by either classroom presentations, FBS, CBT, or
e-learning. As an integral part of recurrent training, each flight deck crewmember will participate
in a continuous reading program consisting of:
1. Operations Bulletins
2. Crew Operating Manual Bulletins
3. Information Bulletins
4. Safety Bulletins
These bulletins are issued any time there are operational revisions, which need to be
communicated to flight deck crewmembers.
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d. Course Outline
Normal Operating Procedures
Emergency Operating Procedures
Aircraft Systems and Modifications
Regulations – GACAR/ALPHA STAR DEFENSE/GSAC Policies
Dangerous Goods
Emergency Training
Thunderstorm Recognition and Avoidance
Volcanic ash cloud;
Performance/Procedures
Ground Deicing/Anti-Icing
(RVSM) Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums,
TCAS
CRM
ETOPS
Final Exam
Total Ground Training 25 Hours
6.3 Simulator Training

a. Objective
The objective of this course is to ensure the continued competence of company flight
crewmembers and to comply with provisions through the medium of annual recurrent training on
subjects related to efficient and safe operations for all equipment.
Training Location
Training will be conducted at approved training location.
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b. Premise
This training is designed for crewmembers who are currently qualified on company aircraft and
who have completed Recurrent Ground Training for that aircraft.
c. Curriculum
A detailed briefing session will be accomplished prior to the flight. The course serves as a
review/check of the crewmember's operating proficiency and knowledge of normal and
emergency procedures. A review of new procedures and equipment modifications is also done.

Briefing 4:00
Full Flight Simulator 8:00
*Right seat qualified captains will receive three takeoff and landing from the right seat or same
in Level D Simulator.
Recurrent flight training for flight crew members will include the following:
1. PICs will be trained and checked in both left & right seats.
2. For pilots, flight training in an approved FFS in maneuvers and procedures in approved
training program and flight training in maneuvers and procedures.
a) The number of programmed inflight hours specified above;
b) Satisfactory completion of a proficiency check may be substituted for recurrent flight
training.
d. Course Outline
1. Briefing
a. Bulletin Review
b. Aircraft Limitations
c. Simulator Activity Review
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2. Examination
Trainee will be checked oral/written, but not limited to the following areas:
a. The appropriate provisions of parts 121 of this chapter and the operations specifications
and the GOM
b. The airplane power plant, major components and systems, major appliances, performance
and operating limitations, standard and emergency operating procedures, and the contents
of the approved Airplane Flight Manual
c. The method of determining compliance with weight and balance limitations for takeoff,
landing, and en route operations
d. Navigation and use of air navigation aids appropriate to the operation of pilot
authorization, including, when applicable, instrument approach facilities and procedures
e. Air traffic control procedures, including IFR procedures
f. Meteorology in general, including the principles of frontal systems, icing, fog,
thunderstorms, and windshear, and high altitude weather
g. Procedures for avoiding operations in thunderstorms and hail, and for operating in
turbulent air or in icing conditions
h. New equipment, procedures, or techniques, as appropriate.
3. Simulator
a. Approaches
b. Maneuvers
c. Systems
d. Right Seat Qualification (as applicable)
e. LOFT / LOS Line Operational Simulation, with CRM objectives
f. Windshear
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6.4 Requalification / Recency of Experience Requirements

The definition of this type of training is that training required restoring a previously qualified
crewmember to qualified status. To be eligible for requalification training, a crewmember must have
been previously qualified in that aircraft type and duty position and have subsequently lost that
qualification.
A crewmember may lose qualification status and become "unqualified" for any of the following
reasons:
1. Failure to accomplish all of the recency of experience requirements required by the regulations
(concurrent);
2. Failure to complete recurrent training within the regulations eligibility period (becoming
overdue); or
3. Failure of a check ride (becoming disqualified).
NOTE: Requirements for pilot’s recency of experience. ALPHA STAR DEFENSE Manager of
Training shall ensure compliance with the minimum hours required and simulator qualifications.
Crewmembers meet requalification training objectives by completing a combination of ground, flight
and qualification curriculum segments, as applicable. The training and qualification segments needed
for crewmember requalification are determined by the reasons for and the length of crewmember
unqualified status.
The training requirements for requalification of crewmembers will fall into the categories outlined.
Others will be treated individually as necessary. In all cases, requalification training will be
accomplished to proficiency.
All simulator and aircraft training times in the following tables are programmed hours. A
crewmember may complete the course in less than programmed time, provided he is individually
recommended by a qualified check airman as having satisfactorily met the standard of proficiency.
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Schedule additional time only upon the recommendation of the instructor or check pilot. In the event
the simulator is not available, accomplish requalification on the aircraft.
When using a simulator to accomplish any of the requirements for requalification, each required flight
crewmember position must be occupied by an appropriately qualified person and the simulator must
be operated as if in a normal in-flight environment without use of the repositioning features of the
simulator.
A check airman who observes the takeoffs and landings shall certify that the person being observed
is proficient and qualified to perform flight duty in operations under this part.
Ground Training
The basis for the following requalification training requirements for Captain and First Officer is the
length of time since the last flight in the equipment in any capacity:
0 – 24 Months = Recurrent program

Over 24 Months = Transition or Initial program
Flight Training
The basis for the following requalification training requirements for Captain and First Officer is the
length of time since the last flight in the equipment in any capacity:
Captain and First officer recurrent training and/or Proficiency Check expired:
a. 0 – 6 Months = Proficiency Check or Recurrent Training
b. 6 – 12 Months = 3 hrs. Simulator Training + Proficiency Check + 4 Takeoffs and Landings under
supervision on Line (*) (**)
c. 12 – 24 Months = 6 hrs. Simulator Training + Proficiency Check + 10 Takeoffs and Landings
under supervision on Line (*) (**)
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d. Over 24 Months = Transition or Initial Program+ Proficiency Check + 15 Takeoffs and Landings
under supervision on Line (*) (**)
* Level D Full Flight Simulator will comply with the requirements of establishing or
reestablishing recent experience.
Recency-of-Experience
Alpha Star Defense shall not use any pilot flight crewmember, unless within the preceding 90 days,
that person has made at least three takeoffs and landings in the type airplane in which that person is
to serve. The takeoffs and landings required by this paragraph may be performed in a visual simulator.
In addition, any person who fails to make the three required takeoffs and landings within any
consecutive 90-day period must reestablish recency of experience as follows.
Under the supervision of a check airman, make at least three takeoffs and landings in the type airplane
in which that person is to serve or in an advanced simulator or visual simulator. When a visual
simulator is used, then;
Three takeoffs and landings required must include -
1. At least one takeoff with a simulated failure of the most critical power plant;
2. At least one landing from an ILS approach to the lowest ILS minimum authorized for the
certificate holder; and
3. At least one landing to a full stop.
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Chapter 7
Flight Safety Training
7.1 Flight safety Training for Cockpit Crew

a. Objective
The objective of this course is to prepare new hire crewmembers for entry into the appropriate
Ground Training for their aircraft assignment. This training will satisfy the Safety Training
requirement (Evacuation Procedures). Be administered during initial ground training, and
subsequently during recurrent training.
Each Cockpit and Cabin crewmember shall attend safety training once each 24 months.
b. Premise
This course is predicated on the fact that the trainee is a new hire crewmember with no previous
ALPHA STAR DEFENSE experience.
c. Training Location
This training course is aircraft specific and is conducted at a FAA, ICAO or EASA approved
training facility.
d. Training Aids
Training aids used in this course will include:
1. Visual Aids
2. Training Films
3. Training Videos
4. CBT or Equivalent
e. Method of Instructions
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1. Class Work
2. Demonstrations
3. Observations
f. Curriculum
Subjects Hours
Accident/Incident Review -
Why Accidents Happen -
Safety Research -
Aircraft Fires -
Emergencies -
Aviation Security & Bomb Threat -
Hijack -
Sea and Desert Survival -
Duties and Responsibilities & Crew Co-ordination -
Rapid Decompression -
Examination -
Total Hours 12
g. Course Outline
1. Accident/Incident Review
Previous aircraft accidents and incidents review and discussion pertaining to actual
emergency situations.
2. Why Accidents Happen
Discussion on why accidents occur, with particular emphasis on the "human factors",
including technical and environmental factors.
3. Safety Research
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a. Survivable and no survivable accidents.

b. Recent ideas in accident avoidance and the reduction of fatalities.
c. Recent equipment changes in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE aircraft to improve safety.
4. Aircraft Fires
a. Causes and examples of aircraft fires.
b. General principles in dealing with aircraft fires.
c. Combats an actual or simulated fire using installed type hand fire extinguisher using
installed PBE or by approved pictoral means.
5. Emergencies Instruction in the handling of emergency situations to include:

a. Emergency assignments, procedures and coordination among crewmembers.
b. Evacuation and ditching and emergency exits
c. Use of the evacuation alarm.
d. ln-flight illness and injury of passengers and crew.
e. Incapacitation of crew.
f. Rapid Decompression
g. Hijack
6. Oxygen & Pressurization

a. Instruction in the effects of lack of oxygen and
b. For crew members serving on pressurized aircraft, instruction in physical phenomena
accompanying a loss of pressurization and incidents of decompression.
7. Aviation Security
a. Review of recent incidents involving aviation security.
b. Description of a typical hijack and the general method of dealing with a hijack.
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c. Description of a typical bomb threat and the general methods of dealing with it.
d. Policies and procedures for crew communication, coordination and action in response to
acts of unlawful interference and/or disruptive passenger behavior;
e. Guidance for the most appropriate manner to minimize the consequences of acts of
unlawful interference and/or disruptive passenger behavior;
f. Procedure in case of a bomb threat, locate the bomb, possibly move it.Advise ATC.
8. Sea and Desert Survival

The principles of sea and desert survival to include advice on food, drink and shelter
9. Duties and Responsibilities

Duties and responsibilities of crewmembers, chain of command, dealing with other
crewmembers.
10. Individual instruction in the location, function, and operation of emergency equipment
including —
1) Equipment used in ditching and evacuation;
2) Portable fire extinguishers, with emphasis on type of extinguisher to be used on different
classes of fires; and
3) Emergency exits in the emergency mode with the evacuation slide/raft pack attached (if
applicable), with training emphasis on the operation of the exits under adverse conditions.
11. Regulations
Review of GACARs, FCOM, FOTM, GOM and latest company safety bulletins particularly
those items directly involving flight safety.
Each crew member must accomplish the following emergency training during the specified
training periods, using those items of installed emergency equipment for each type of aircraft
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in which he is to serve may be accomplished by approved pictorial presentation or

demonstration:
1) Onetime emergency drill requirements to be accomplished during initial training, and each
alternate recurrent (24 months) thereafter. Each crew member must perform—
a. At least one approved PBE drill in which the crew member combats an actual or
simulated fire using at least one type of installed hand fire extinguisher or a training
device;
b. At least one approved firefighting drill in which the crew member combats an actual
fire using at least each type of installed hand fire extinguisher or approved fire
extinguisher appropriate for the type of fire to be fought. This firefighting drill is not
required if the crew member performs the PBE drill of paragraph (a).
c. An emergency evacuation drill with each person evacuating the aircraft or approved
training device using at least one type of installed emergency evacuation slide if
applicable. The crew member may either observe the aircraft exits being opened in
the emergency mode and any associated exits.
2) Each type of emergency exit in the normal and emergency modes, including the actions
and forces required.
3) Each type of emergency oxygen system to include PBE, if applicable;
4) Donning, use, and inflation of individual flotation means, if applicable;
5) Use of life lines, and Boarding of passengers and crew into raft.
12. Observe the following drills—

a) Removal from the aircraft (or training device) and inflation of each type of life raft,
if applicable;
b) Transfer of each type of slide/raft pack from one door to another, if applicable;
c) Deployment, inflation, and detachment from the aircraft (or training device) of each type
of slide/raft pack, if applicable; and
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d) Emergency evacuation including the use of a slide if installed.
EXAMINATION
An examination with multiple choice answers shall be used to determine the knowledge of
the students. The examination will be closed book with a pass mark of 80%.
7.2 Crewmember Training for In-Flight Medical Events

a. Objective
Initial: The objective of this course is to train the crewmember to be proficient in the operational
theory and procedures related to medical events onboard the aircraft.
Recurrent training, to include performance drills, in the proper use of an automated external
defibrillators and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation at least once every 24 months.
Location
This training course is approved and conducted in ALPHA STAR DEFENSE training department
in Riyadh.
b. Premise
This training is predicated on the crewmember having been qualified on a ALPHA STAR
DEFENSE aircraft, but Recurrent Training or Line Check has expired.
The crewmember instruction, performance drills, and recurrent training required under this
section are not required to be equivalent to the expert level of proficiency attained by professional
emergency medical personnel.
Training will be conducted at the Flight Operations Training Center, the Flight Safety Training
facilities at approved location and on board the aircraft.
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d. Training Aids
Training aids used in this course will include:
1. Visual Aids
2. Training Films
3. Training Videos
4. Emergency Equipment
a. Emergency Medical Kit
b. First Aid Kit
c. AED
e. Methods of Instructions
1. Class work
2. Demonstrations
3. Observations
4. Trainer Drills
5. Hands on Training
f. Curriculum
a. Medical event procedures
b. Location, function, and intended operation
c. Content of the emergency medical kit.
d. Hijack & Bomb Threat
e. Use of automated external defibrillators.
f. Drills, in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Subjects _ Hours
Total Hours 8.00
g. Course Outline
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
1. General Review
2. Instruction in emergency medical event procedures, including coordination among
crewmembers.
a. Instruction in the location, function, and intended operation of emergency medical
equipment
b. Instruction to familiarize crewmembers with the content of the emergency medical kit
detailed in GOM Chapter 13.
c. Instruction, to include performance drills, in the proper use of automated external
defibrillators.
d. Instruction, to include performance drills, in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
e. Bomb Threat, locate, communicate with ATC, possibly move.
Examination
An examination with multiple choice answers shall be used to determine the knowledge of the
students. The examination will be closed book with a pass mark of 80%.
7.3 Initial Safety Training

a. Objective
The objective of this course is to train the crewmember to be proficient in the operational theory
and procedures related to the aircraft systems and emergency equipment. This training will satisfy
the Safety Training requirement of the Initial course detailed in this manual.
Each Cockpit crewmember shall attend safety training once each 24 months.
b. Premise
The crewmember is either currently qualified on another ALPHA STAR DEFENSE aircraft type
or is a new hire that has satisfactorily completed Basic Indoctrination Training.
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
This training course is aircraft specific and is conducted at approved training facility
Training Aids
1. Visual Aids
2. Training Films
3. Training Videos
4. Door Trainers
5. Evacuation Trainers
6. Slide Jump Tower
8. Aircraft
9. Fire Suppression Trainer
10. Rafts and Slide/Rafts
11. Ditching Pool
d. Methods of Instructions
1. Lecture
2. Demonstration
3. Observation
4. Trainer Drill
5. Hands on Training
e. Curriculum
Subjects Program Hours
Accident/Incident Review --
Crew Duties --
Physiology of Flight --
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
Emergencies --
Emergency Equipment --
Emergency Drills --
Aircraft Walk around --
Examination --
Total Hours 11
f. Course outline
1. Accident/Incident Review
Previous aircraft accidents and incidents review and discussion of pertaining to actual
emergency situations.
2. Crew Duties
Emergency assignments and procedures instructions with the coordination among
crewmembers
3. Physiology of Flight
a. Composition of the atmosphere, gas expansion, gas bubble formation, and effects on the
body.
b. Respiration
c. Hypoxia, its effects and time of consciousness without supplemental oxygen
1) Respiration.
2) Hypoxia.
3) Duration of consciousness without supplemental oxygen at altitude.
4) Gas expansion.
5) Gas bubble formation.
6) Physical phenomena and incidents of decompression.
d.Physical phenomena and review of incidents involving decompression
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
4. Emergencies
a. Rapid decompression
b. Fire and smoke control procedures.
c. Ditching and other evacuations.
d. Evacuation of the injured and handicapped.
e. In-flight illness, injury, or other abnormal situations involving familiarization with the
Doctor's Emergency Kit (DEK).
f. Hijack, bomb threat, or other unusual situations.
Individual instruction in location, function and operation of emergency equipment to include:
a. Emergency exits and evacuation devices (Normal & Emergency Modes) with emphasis
on their operation during adverse conditions (darkness, smoke/fumes, unusual attitude of
the aircraft, etc.), including action and forces necessary for actuation.
b. Equipment used in ditching, evacuation, and survival.
c. Fixed and portable oxygen systems.
d. First aid equipment.
e. Portable fire extinguishers.
f. Emergency lighting.
g. Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE).
6. Emergency Drills
Perform the following drills using actual aircraft equipment or trainers as appropriate:
a. An emergency evacuation drill with each person egressing the airplane or approved
training device using at least one type of installed emergency evacuation slide.
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
b. Operation of each type of emergency exit in normal and emergency mode, including the
actions and forces required in the deployment of the emergency evacuation slides.
c. Operation of each type of installed portable fire extinguisher.
d. Operation of each type of emergency oxygen system (fixed and portable) including PBE
e. Ditching to include:
1) Cockpit preparation and procedures.
2) Crew coordination.
3) Passenger briefing and cabin preparation.
4) Donning, inflation and use of life preservers (life vests and flotation seat cushions.)
5) Use of life lines.
6) Boarding of passengers and crew into a raft or slide/raft.
f. Firefighting using an installed hand fire extinguisher or approved fire extinguisher

appropriate for the type of fire being fought, while wearing an installed type of PBE.
g. Emergency evacuation (slide jump).
7. Observe the following drills:

a. Ditching
1) Cockpit preparation and procedures
2) Crew coordination
3) Passenger Briefing and Cabin Preparation
4) Donning and inflation of Life Preservers
5) Use of Lifelines
6) Boarding of passengers and crew into raft or a slide/raft pack.
b. Removal of each type of life raft from aircraft or trainer
c. Transfer of each type of slide/raft from one door to another.
d. Deployment, inflation, and separation of each type of slide/raft.
Projects network
Alpha Star Defense
Projects
e. The crewmember may either observe the airplane exits being opened in the emergency
mode and the associated exit-slide/raft pack being deployed and inflated, or perform the
tasks resulting in the accomplishment of these actions.
8. Aircraft Walk around

An aircraft inspection that will familiarize the student with the aircraft, the location and
stowage of emergency equipment, including operation of equipment if appropriate
9. Examination
An examination with multiple choice answers shall be used to determine the knowledge of
the student; the examination will be closed book with a pass mark of 80%.
Projects network

ADP-OPS-100-001 - Flight Operations Training Manual

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ADP-OPS-100-001 - Flight Operations Training Manual

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Alpha Star Defense

Flight Operations Training Manual

FLIGHT OPERATIONS TRAINING MANUAL

ALPHA STAR DEFENSE PROJECTS, KSA

2.4.4 Fixed Wing Crewmembers from GSAC.................................................................................. 19

3.5.3 Training Location .................................................................................................................... 34

3.11.2 Location ................................................................................................................................... 44

4.5 Annual Line Check ......................................................................................................................... 56

Chapter 1 Introduction. Training Policy

Chapter 2 Training & Checking Personnel. Flight Crew Minimum Requirements

Chapter 3 Ground Training

Chapter 4 Flight Training

Chapter 5 Initial Trainings / Command Upgrade

Chapter 6 Recurrent and Requalification Trainings

Chapter 7 Flight Safety Training

1.2 Training Facilities

1.3 Outsource Training Contractors

1.4 Manual Utilization, Development and Approval

1.6 Grading Requirement

1.7 Unsuccessful Grading or Failure

1.8 Training Aids

1.9 Method of Instructions

1.10 Flight Deck Crewmember

1.11 Program Selection

1.12 Training Records All Courses

2.1 Training Manager

2.2 Instructor Pilot – Aircraft Simulator

2.3 Initial Cadre for New Aircrafts Types

2.4 Flight Crewmembers Prerequisite for Employment

2.4.1 Captain Fixed Wing – Direct Hire

2.4.2 First Officer Fixed Wing Direct Hire

h. No positive indication of illegal drugs on a Drug Screening Test.

2.4.3 First Officer (Saudi National) - Qualifications, experiences and requirements:

2.4.4 Fixed Wing Crewmembers from GSAC

d. Current GACA First Class Medical Certificate or GSAC equivalent.

2.4.5 Captain Helicopter – Direct Hire

2.4.6 Helicopter First Officer Direct Hire

d. Satisfactory completion of the entire company screening process.

2.4.8 Helicopter Crewmembers from GSAC

2.5 New Hire Flight Crewmember Induction Procedure

2.6 Operating Experience (OE)

3.1.3 Training Facilities Location

3.1.4 Training Aids

3.1.5 Methods of Instruction

3.2 Basic Indoctrination for Flight Deck Crewmember

Contents of Operating Certificate and Operation Specifications 2

3.2.4 Course Outline

5. Generals Operations Manual (GOM/SOP) Manual Layout

7. Electronic Flight Bag (EFB)

10. Flight Handbook/Manual

11. Flight Operations

12. Mass & Balance

13. Fatigue Management

14. Regulatory Requirements

3.3 Crew Resource Management (CRM)

3.4 Crewmembers CRM/Dispatchers DRM Initial

Subject Program Hours

3.4.4 Course Outline

2. Workshop Theory and Analysis

5. Command & Leadership

3.5 Crewmember CRM/DRM Recurrent

3.5.3 Training Location

3.5.4 Training Aids