Electric

Machine
From:- Ashok Soni
BE (Electrical & Electronics)
GGCT Jabalpur
Classification of electrical machines
Electrical
machines

Static Rotating
Machine Machines

Transformer
Classification of electrical machines
Electrical
machines

DC AC
Machines Machines

DC DC Synchronous Asynchronous
Generator Motor Machine Machine

Synchronous Synchronous Induction

Generator Motor Machines

1 phase 3 phase 1 phase 3 phase 1 phase 3 phase

DC Machines
Basically Dc machine divided in two parts:-
1. DC Generator
2. DC Motor

There are two types of generators, one is

AC generator and other is DC generator.
Whatever may be the types of generators, it
always converts mechanical power to
electrical power
DC Machines
There are two types of motor, one is AC
motor and other is DC motor. It is an electro-
mechanical device that converts electrical
energy to mechanical energy.

Generators is based on the fundamental

principle of Faraday’s laws of
Electromagnetic Induction.
DC Generator
Generators is based on the fundamental
principle of Faraday’s laws of
Electromagnetic Induction.
According to these law, when an
conductor moves in a magnetic field it cuts
magnetic lines force, due to which an emf is
induced in the conductor. The magnitude of
this induced emf depends upon the rate of
change of flux (magnetic line force) linkage
with the conductor.
DC Generator
Hence the most basic tow essential parts
of a generator are
1. A magnetic field and
2. Conductors which move inside that
magnetic field.

Here N & S pole produce a magnetic flux &

ABCD is a show conductor.
DC Generator
DC Generator
DC Generator
The nature of induced EMF in the DC
Generator is always a AC (alternating) nature.
With the help of commutator this induced AC
(alternating) nature emf is converted in to a
DC nature.
DC Generator
The direction of induced current in the
conductor in DC generator is determined by
Fleming Right Hand rule.
DC Generator
DC Motor
This DC or direct current
motor works on the principal, when a current
carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic
field, it experiences a torque and has a
tendency to move. This is known as motoring
action. If the direction of electric current in
the wire is reversed, the direction of rotation
also reverses.
DC Motor
DC Motor
When magnetic field and electric field
interact they produce a mechanical force, and
based on that the working principle of dc
motor established. The direction of rotation
of a this motor is given by Fleming’s left hand
rule,
DC Motor
The force which is experienced by DC
machine is determined by:-
F = BIL
where,
B = Flux Density
I = Current flowing in conductor
L = Length of conductor
Construction wise a DC motor is exactly
similar to a DC generator, but electrically it is
just the opposite.