→↔ ∅

transaction [træ n’zæ kʃǝn] (cn) a business deal or action, such as buying or selling sth

perspective [pǝr’spektɪv] (cn) a particular attitude towards sth; a way of thinking about sth SYN) viewpoint

determinant [dɪ’tЗ:mɪnǝnt] (cn) a thing that decides whether or how sth happens; determinant of

contingency [kǝn’tɪnʤǝnsi] (cn) an event that may or may not happen SYN) possibility

compromise [’kɒmprǝmaɪz] (v) to do sth that is against your principles or does not reach standards that you have set

oversight (n) the fact of making a mistake, because you forget to do sth or you do not notice sth

revocation [revǝ’keɪʃn] (n) the act of cancelling a law, etc

to balance A with/and B: to give equal importance to two contrasting things or parts of sth

combat ['kɒmbæ t] (vt) to try to stop sth bad from happening or getting worse; combat inflation/crime/racism etc

culture (n) the beliefs and attitudes about sth that people in a particular group or organization share

V) ɪ u ʊ e ɛ o ɔ æ a ʌ ǝ ɚ ɝ ɑ ɒЗ
V') á é í ó ú ǽ à è ì ò ù ɨ1
C) š ž č ǰ ʃ ʒ ʧ ʤ ð θ ŋ ʔ ɾ
Narrow) ɫ ɤ σ
OE) þ ƿ ā ē ī ō ū ǣ ü Ɣ ç ɜ ą į ę ǫ
→↔ ∅

Endurance [ɪn’djʊǝrǝns] (un) the ability to continue doing sth painful or difficult for a long period of time without
complaining

Indicate [‘ɪndɪkeɪt] (v) to show that sth is true or exists

Disciplinary [‘dɪsǝplɪnǝri] (adj) connected with the punishment

Far-reaching (adj) having a great influence or effect

in part (adj) : partly; some extent

at large (IDM, used after a noun) as a whole, in general

to be subject (adj) to sth : under the authority of sth/depending on sth in order to be completed or agreed

condemnation [kɒndem’neɪʃ n] (n) ~ of sb/sth: an expression of very strong disapproval

material [mǝ’tɪǝriǝl]

oversubscribed [oʊvǝrsǝb’skraɪbd] (ad) if an activity, service, etc. is oversubscribed, there are fewer places, tickets, etc. than
the number of people who are asking for them

disseminate [dɪ’semɪneɪt] (vt) to spread information, knowledge, etc. so that it reaches many people

capacity [kǝ’pæ sǝti] (cn, usually singular) the official position or function that sb has

custody [‘kʌstǝdi] (un) the legal right or duty to take care of or keep sb/sth; the act of taking care of sb/sth

sophisticated [sǝ’fɪstǝkeɪtɪd] (adj) having a lot of knowledge and experience of difficult or complicated subjects and
therefore able to understand them well; sophistication (un)

judgement call (inf) a decision you have to make where there is no clear rule about what the right thing to do is, so that you
have to use your own judgement.
V) ɪ u ʊ e ɛ o ɔ æ a ʌ ǝ ɚ ɝ ɑ ɒЗ