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5G Air Interface
Course Description

The 5G air interface is a key part of the 5G system which will facilitate Enhanced Broadband
and Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication, as well as the support of Massive IoT (Internet
of Things). This course focuses on 5G Phase 1. In so doing, both SA (Standalone) and NSA (Non
Standalone) operation are discussed. The course details all aspects, from the physical layer
channel and reference signals, through to scheduling and analysis of NR RRC signalling utilized to
configure the NR air interface.

Prerequisites: 5G System Engineering and LTE Air Interface, or equivalent knowledge.

3 18
days
(LiveOnsite,


18
LiveOnline)

hours
learning CPD Learning Level: 3
(OnlineAnytime)
Credits (Advanced)
This course will contain the following sections:

1. 5G New Radio 2. 5G Physical Layer

Topic areas covered include: Topic areas covered include:
• 5G Phases: • CP-OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM.
--NR (New Radio) Phases: • 5G NR Duplexing:
-- R15 Phase 1 and R16 Phase 2.
--FDD and TDD Duplexing Modes.
--5G NR Roadmap:
--SDL (Supplementary Downlink).
-- Early Drop, Main Drop and Late Drop.
--SUL (Supplementary Uplink).
• 5G RAN Architecture:
• 5G Frequency Bands:
--5G RAN Deployment Options:
-- Option 3, Option 3x, Option 3a, Option 2, --Definition of Frequency Ranges:
Option 7 and Option 4. -- FR1 and FR2.
-- EN-DC, NGEN-DC, NE-DC. --5G NR Bands.
--Standalone Architecture. --Band Combinations.
--Non-Standalone Architecture. --Baseband Processing Combination.
--C-RAN: --Harmonics and Intermodulation Issues.
-- F1 and E1 Interfaces. --5G Carrier Numbering:
-- NR-ARFCN.
• Managing 5G QoS:
--5QI. • NR Numerology and Frame Structure:
--QCI vs 5QI. --Numerology:
-- µ=0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
• 5G Bearers: -- SCS (Sub Carrier Spacing).
--Terminology: -- 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, 120kHz, 240kHz.
-- Master RAN Node and Secondary RAN --Slot Length.
Node. --Frame Structure.
-- MCG, SCG, PCell, PSCell. SpCell and SCell.
--NR Slots.
--Signalling Radio Bearers:
--5G NR Time Unit:
-- SRB1, SRB2 and SRB3.
-- Tc.
--Dedicated Radio Bearers:
--NR Cyclic Prefix.
-- DRB.
--NR Physical Resource Block:
--Network Slicing:
-- PRB Options.
-- S-NSSAI.
--Resource Grid:
-- Resource Element.
--5G NR Transmitted Signal.
--Slot Format Configuration.
--Uplink/Timing.

3 18
days
(LiveOnsite, 

18
LiveOnline)

hours
CPD Learning LiveOnsite,
learning
Credits LiveOnline
(OnlineAnytime)
5G Physical Layer (cont.) 5G Massive MIMO and
• Channel Bandwidth: Beamforming (cont.)
--Maximum Transmission Bandwidth. • Transmission and Ports in NR:
--Carrier BWP (Bandwidth Part). --Downlink Transmission:
-- PRB and CRB. -- Codewords.
-- Point A Definition. -- DMRS Ports.
--Uplink Transmission.
--NR Downlink Antenna Ports.
3. 5G Massive MIMO and --NR Uplink Antenna Ports.

Beamforming
Topic areas covered include:
4. 5G Physical Layer and Channels
• Why Massive MIMO? Introduction
--Requirement for Massive MIMO:
-- Antenna Elements. Topic areas covered include:
-- Antenna Arrays.
--Increasing Capacity. • NR Physical Layer Processing:
--Key Specifications.
• MIMO in 5G:
--Code Block Generation:
--Summary of Transmission Path in 5G NR: -- Scrambling.
-- Codewords, Layers and Antenna Ports. -- Channel Coding.
--MIMO Spatial Multiplexing. -- Rate Matching.
--SU-MIMO vs MU-MIMO. -- Code Block Concatenation.
--Code Block Group:
• Beamforming (Massive MIMO): -- NR CBG Size.
--Spatial Multiplexing vs Beamforming. --Codewords to Antenna Ports.
--Creating a Beam.
• NR Channels:
--Narrow Beams and Beam Steering.
--Logical Channels:
--Beamforming Nulls:
-- BCCH, PCCH, CCCH, DCCH and DTCH.
-- Null Beam Steering.
--Transport Channels:
--Massive MIMO Antennas.
-- BCH, DL-SCH, PCH, UL-SCH and RACH.
--MIMO in a Handset.
--Mapping Logical Channels into Transport
--Multiple Panel Antenna. Channels:
-- DCI and UCI Mapping.
• NR Beam Management:
--Physical Channels:
--Beam Sweeping. -- PBCH, PDSCH, PDCCH, PRACH, PUSCH
--SS Block: and PUCCH.
-- NR SSB, PSS, SSS, PBCH and DMRS. --Mapping Transport Channels to Physical
--Beam Management Reference Signals: Channels.
-- CSI-RS and SRS. --Synchronization and Reference Signals.
--Transmission Configuration and Quasi Co-
Location:
-- TCI, QCL and QCL Type.
--Single and Multiple CSI-RS: 5. Downlink Physical Channels and
-- CRI (CSI-RS Resource Indicator). Signals
-- PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator).
--Transmission Based on SRS. Topic areas covered include:
--SS Burst and Burst Set.
• Downlink Synchronization Signals.
--SS Block Locations.
--PSS and SSS.
--SS/PBCH Block Index Indication.
--PCI Identification.
--Beam Measurement, Determination and
Reporting. • Physical Broadcast Channel:
--DMRS for BCH.
Downlink Physical Channels and
Signals (cont.)
• Physical Downlink Control Channel:
--CORESET.
--REG, CCE, Aggregation levels.
--CORESET Configuration.
--Type 0 PDCCH Common Search Space.
--PDCCH for SFI.
--PDCCH for Pre-emption.
• Physical Downlink Shared Channel:
--PDSCH Configuration Setup.
--PDSCH DMRS.
5G Reference Signals (cont.)
--Examples of CDM4 and FD-CDM2.
--Periodic and Semi-Persistent CSI-RS.
--CSI-RS Frame Location.
--CSI-IM (CSI Interreference Measurement).
• NR QCL (Quasi Co-Location):
--QCL Types.
--TCI (Transmission Configuration Indicator).
• Sounding Reference Signal:
--SRS Mapping.
--Wideband and Sub-Band SRS.
--SRS Usage.

• Phase Tracking Reference Signal:

6. NR Uplink Physical Channels --PTRS Location.

--PTRS Configuration.
Topic areas covered include: --PTRS Conditions.
• Physical Random Access Channel:
--NR Preambles.
--RACH/PRACH Configuration. 8. NR RRC
--PRACH Configuration Index. Topic areas covered include:
--PRACH SCS:
-- 1.25kHz, 5kHz, 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz and • NR Radio Resource Control:
120kHz.
--RRC Features.
--Preamble Formats for NR:
--RRC States.
-- 0, 1, 2 and 3.
-- A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, C0 and C2. • RRC Messages and Parameters:
• Physical Uplink Shared Channel: --MIB:
-- RMSI.
--Configuring PUSCH.
--System Information Messages.
• Physical Uplink Control Channel: --Broadcast vs Dedicated System Information:
--PUCCH Formats. -- RRC System Information Request.
--PUCCH Location --RRC Setup:
-- 5G-S-TMSI, Dedicated NAS Message.
--PUCCH Configuration. -- NR Slicing, S-NSSAI List.
--RRC Resume.
--RRC Re-establishment.
7. 5G Reference Signals --RRC Reconfiguration:
-- Master and Secondary Cell Group.
Topic areas covered include: -- Measurement Configuration.
-- Radio Bearer Configuration.
• PDSCH DMRS:
--Measurement Report.
--Type A and Type B. --RRC Release.
--DMRS Configuration Parameters.
• E-UTRA RRC for EN-DC Operation:
--Configuration Type 1 and Configuration
Type 2. --E-UTRA Measurement Configuration.
--UL Information Transfer MRDC.
• CSI-RS:
--SCG Failure Information NR.
--CSI-RS Configuration.
--ZP and NZP CSI-RS.
--CDM Types.
9. NR Layer 2
Topic areas covered include:
• NR Service Data Adaptation Protocol:
--SDAP Services.
--SDAP Protocol Data Units.
• NR Packet Data Convergence Protocol:
--PDCP Services.
--PDCP Functions.
--PDCP Profiles.
--PDCP Protocol Data Units.
• NR Radio Link Control:
--Transparent Mode.
--Unacknowledged Mode.
--Acknowledged Mode.
--RLC Protocol Data Units.
• NR Medium Access Control:
--MAC Services and Functions.
--MAC Control Elements:
-- Activation and Deactivation.
--NR RNTI Identities.
--MAC Headers.
10. 5G Carrier Aggregation
Topic areas covered include:
• 5G Carrier Aggregation Options:
--Band Combinations.
--Baseband Processing Combination.
• RRC and Layer 2 Procedures:
--Measurement Triggers.
--RRC Reconfiguration.
--MAC Scheduling.
• Carrier Aggregation Interworking.
11. 5G Dual Connectivity
Topic areas covered include:
• Defining Dual Connectivity.
• Dual Connectivity Operation.
• PSCell Addition:
--SgNB Addition Request and Request
Acknowledge.
--RRC Reconfiguration.
5G Dual Connectivity (cont.)
--Reconfiguration with Sync.
--PSCell Split SRB.
--PSCell Split DRB.
--Random Access Process.
• Secondary Node Release.
• Secondary Node Change.
12. 5G Air Interface Security
Topic areas covered include:
• RAN Security Keys and Algorithms:
--NEA and NIA.
• RRC Security Procedures:
--Security Mode Command.
• Control Plane Security.
• User Plane Security.
13. 5G Scheduling
Topic areas covered include:
• NR Scheduling:
--Downlink Control Information.
--Search Space.
--PDCCH Aggregation Levels.
--Resource Allocation Type.
--Allocation Type 0.
--Allocation Type 1.
--Dynamic Switch.
--PDSCH and PUSCH Scheduling.
• NR Downlink Resource Allocation:
--PDSCH Time Domain Resource Allocation:
-- K0 and HARQ-ACK K1.
--Table 1 and Table 2 PDSCH/PUSCH MCS.
--Transport Block Size.
--Downlink Configured Scheduling:
-- SPS (Semi Persistent Scheduling).
-- CS-RNTI.
--Discontinuous Reception.
--Downlink HARQ Operation.
• NR Uplink Resource Allocation:
--PUSCH Time Domain Resource Allocation:
-- K2.
--PUSCH MCS Index.
--Uplink Configured Scheduling.
--Downlink HARQ Operation.
5G Scheduling (cont.) 5G Access Procedures (cont.)
• NR Feedback: --UE Capabilities:
--Buffer Status Report: -- UE NR Capability Parameters.
-- LCG (Logical Channel Group). -- UE MR-DC Capabilities.
--Power Headroom Reporting.
--HARQ-ACK.
--Scheduling Request. 15. EN-DC Operational Procedures
--UCI (Uplink Control Information):
--Channel State Information: Topic areas covered include:
-- CSI Report Configuration.
• EN-DC Operation:
-- cri-RI-PMI-CQI.
-- cri-RI-i1. --Initial E-UTRA Attach.
-- cri-RI-i1-CQI. --UE Capabilities:
-- pdsch-BundleSizeForCSI. -- UE NR Capability Parameters.
-- cri-RI-CQI. -- UE MR-DC Capabilities.
-- cri-RSRP.
-- ssb-Index-RSRP. • E-UTRA Measurements for EN-DC:
-- cri-RI-LI-PMI-CQI.
--E-UTRA Measurement Configuration Options:
--CQI (Channel Quality Indicator).
--RRC Measurement Configuration.
• Inter-RAN Resource Coordination:
• EN-DC PSCell Addition:
--Resource Coordination Signalling.
--SgNB Addition Request and Request
--Coordination Resource Bitmap. Acknowledge.
--E-UTRA RRC Connection Reconfiguration.
--NR RRC Reconfiguration.
14. 5G Access Procedures --Reconfiguration with Sync.
--Random Access Process.
Topic areas covered include:
• Initial Access:
--Scanning: 16. 5G Connected Mode
-- GSCN (Global Synchronization Channel Procedures
Number).
--SSB Operation: Topic areas covered include:
-- PSS and SSS Operation.
-- PBCH Payload and PBCH DMRS. • RRC Connection Mode Signalling.
--Deriving SSB Index. • Radio Link Failure:
--CORESET#0.
--RLF Configuration.
--NR System Information:
--Out-of-Sync and In-Sync.
-- PLMN/Cell Selection.
--Failure Report.
--RACH/PRACH Parameters.
• Beam Failure:
• PRACH Procedures:
--Beam Failure Parameters.
--PRACH Power Control.
--Beam Failure Detection.
• 5G Timing: --Beam Failure Recovery.
--Initial Timing Advance.
• Connection Re-establishment.
--TAG (Timing Advanced Group):
-- PTAG (Primary Timing Advance Group). • Connected Mode DRX.
-- STAG (Secondary Timing Advance
Group). • Power Control:
--Downlink Power Allocation.
• Registration and Operation:
--Uplink Power Control.
--RRC Setup.
--Additional RRC Procedures.
--Initial NR NSA Registration.
17. 5G Paging 19. 5G Intra 5GC Mobility
Topic areas covered include: Topic areas covered include:
• Idle Mode DRX: • Connected Mode Mobility.
--Discontinuous Reception for Paging. • RRC Operation for Mobility.
• Paging Identities: • Xn Related Operation.
--i-RNTI.
• Interworking with Dual Connectivity.
--5G-S-TMSI.
• Interworking with Carrier Aggregation.
• RRC Paging Configuration Options.

• Connected and Inactive Mode Operation:

--RNA (RAN based Notification Areas). 20. 5G Mobility with EPC
Topic areas covered include:

18. 5G Measurements • Mobility to LTE:

--Inter-RAT Mobility.
Topic areas covered include:
• Mobility from NR Command:
• NR Measurement Types.
--RAT Type.
• Measurement Quantities: --RAT Container.
--SS-RSRP (SS Reference Signal Received Power). --NAS Security Parameter From NR.
--SS-RSRQ (SS Reference Signal Received
• EN-DC Mobility:
Quality).
--SS-SINR (SS Signal-to-Noise and Interference --Mobility Options.
Ratio). --NR Measurements.
--CSI-RSRP (CSI Reference Signal Received
• EN-DC Change of Secondary Node:
Power).
--CSI-RSRQ (CSI Reference Signal Received --Triggers.
Quality). --Secondary Node Triggered.
--CSI-SINR (CSI Signal-to-Noise and Interference --RRC Reconfiguration.
Ratio). --Measurement Gap Configuration.
• Event Based Triggers: --Handover Restriction List.

--Hysteresis and Offsets. • Inter MeNB Handover with EN-DC.

• NR Measurements:
--NR Measurement Configuration Options:
-- RRC Measurement Configuration
Parameter.
--Measurement Objects.
--Report Configuration:
-- Event A1, A2, A3, A5, A5 and A6.
--Summary of LTE Events.
--Measurement Identities.
--NR Measurement Timing Configuration:
-- SMTC.
-- MTC.
--Identifying Suitable NR Cell.
--Measurement Report.
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