Rule: When the denominators are the same, the larger the number in the

Fractions numerator, the larger the value of the parts of the whole.

Example:
Concept of Size 3/4 is larger than 1/4

5/8 is larger than 3/8

Rule: When the numerators are the same, the larger the number in the
denominator, the smaller the value of the parts or fraction of the whole.
Exercises:

Example: Choose which fraction has a bigger value than the other.

1. 1/8 or 3/8
1/2 is larger than 1/4
2. 3/5 or 2/5
1/8 is larger than 1/16 3. 9/10 or 3/10
4. 5/25 or 10/25
5. 4/6 or 5/6
Exercises:

Choose which fraction has a bigger value than the other.

Equivalent or Equal Fractions
1. 1/12 or 6/30
2. 2/3 or 6/9
3. 15/30 or 15/45
4. 3/8 or 9/12 Rule: When you change a fraction yet keeping the same equivalent value, you
5. 1/4 or 4/20 must do the same thing (multiple or divide) to the numerator and denominator.
Example: 5. 3/6 is equivalent to:
a. 16/36
4/5 has the same value as 8/10 b. 32/54
4/5 = 8/10 c. 45/90

4 x 10= 40

5 x 8 = 40 Least Common Denominator (LCD)

Exercises:
Rule: Find the smallest number that is easily divided by both numerator and
1. 3/5 is equivalent to:
denominator and then change the fraction to equivalent fraction, each with the
a. 6/15
same denominator.
b. 9/10
Remember LCD=smallest number
c. 12/20

2. 4/8 is equivalent to:

a. 8/24 Example:
b. 12/16
c. 20/40 1/4 + 3/5 LCD = 20

3. 2/3 is equivalent to:

a. 10/12
b. 6/9 Exercises:
c. 15/20 Find the LCD.

4. 8/10 is equivalent to: 1. 1/5 + 4/6

a. 16/20 2. 1/3 + 5/9
b. 16/30 3. 3/4 + 4/3
4. 5/10 + 4/6
c. 16/40
5. 2/8 + 1/16
 Rule: Find the LCD of each fraction, take each new quotient and multiply it
Addition of Fractions by each numerator, add the numerators, place the new sum over the LCD and
reduce to lowest terms.

Rule: Add the numerators and place the new sum over the similar
Example:
denominator. Reduce to lowest terms and change to a mix number when
necessary. 1/4 = 5/20 20/4x5 = 5

3/5 = 12/20 20/5x3 = 12

17/20
Example:

1/5 + 3/5 = 4/5

Exercises:
1/7 + 4/7 = 5/7
1. 3/4 + 1/2 =
1/6 + 9/6 = 10/6 or 1 2/3 (divided by 2/2)
2. 5/12 + 3/6 =
3. 4/8 + 2/3 =
4. 3/5 + 2/9 =
Exercises: 5. 8/11 + 6/12

1. 5/10 + 3/10 =
2. 2/3 + 1/3 =
3. 3/4 + 2/4 = Addition of Mixed Numbers
4. 4/9 + 5/9 =
5. 10/15 + 5/15 =

Rule: Change any mixed number to improper fraction. Find the LCD, change
to similar fractions, add the new numerators and reduce to lowest terms.
Adding fractions when denominators are
not the same.
Example:

1/6 + 2 3/8 =

1/6 + 19/8 =

4/24 + 57/24 = 61/24 or 2 13/24

Exercises:

1. 3 1/2 + 3/4 =
2. 5/6 + 2 6/5 =
3. 1 4/5 + 8/10 =
4. 6/7 + 2 1/3 =
5. 4 1/5 + 2/3 =

Subtraction of Fractions

Rule: Only subtract the numerators. Reduce to lowest terms.

Example:

5/6 – 3/6 = 2/6 or 1/3

7/8 – 4/8 = 3/8

7/8 – 3/8 = 4/8 or 1/2