Specification For Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel Piping PDF

Petroleum Development Oman L.L.C.
UNRESTRICTED Document ID : SP-1096

December 2004 Filing key : xxxx
Specification for Welding of Duplex

Stainless Steel Piping
(Amendments/Supplements to ASME B31.3)
39
Keywords:
ASME B31.3
Duplex Stainless Steel
Inspection
On-plot
Piping
Procedure Qualification Record
Production Welding
Testing
Welding Procedure Specification
Welder Qualification
This document is the property of Petroleum Development Oman, LLC. Neither the whole nor any
part of this document may be disclosed to others or reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, reprographic recording or otherwise)
without prior written consent of the owner.
Specification for Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel Piping Version 2.0
Authorised For Issue
Signed :...........................................................
UER (TTO/1)
CFDH Materials and Corrosion
The following is a brief summary of the 4 most recent revisions to this document. Details of all
revisions prior to these are held on file by the issuing department.
Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

Version 1.0 27/07/99 OTT/112 Initial issue.
Version 2.0 30/12/04 TTO/15 Updated based on past experience
SP-1096 i December 2004

Version 2.0 Specification for Welding of Duplex Stainless Steel Piping
Contents
1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Purpose............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Changes to the Specification............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Effective Period ............................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Review and Improvement ................................................................................................ 1
1.5 Process Owner's Responsibility ....................................................................................... 1
2. Specification for Welding Duplex Stainless Steel.............................................................. 2

2.1 Specification Requirements ............................................................................................. 2
2.2 Process Deliverables ........................................................................................................ 2
2.3 Performance Levels / Indicators ...................................................................................... 2
2.4 Performance Monitoring .................................................................................................. 2
Appendix A Glossary of Definitions, Terms and Abbreviations.......................................... 3
Appendix B Amendments/Supplements to ASME B31.3 ..................................................... 6
Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly and Erection ................................................................... 6
328 Welding ........................................................................................................................... 6

328.2 Welding Qualifications ......................................................................................... 6
328.2.1 Qualification Requirements............................................................................. 6
328.2.1.1 General................................................................................................. 6
328.2.1.2 Welding Procedure Specification ........................................................ 6
328.2.1.3 Essential Variables............................................................................... 7
328.2.1.4 Test Welding........................................................................................ 8
328.2.1.5 Examination of the Test Weld ........................................................... 10
328.2.1.6 Destructive Testing of the Test Weld ................................................ 10
328.2.1.7 Retests................................................................................................ 13
328.2.1.8 Approval of the WPS......................................................................... 13
328.2.1.9 Performance Qualification ................................................................. 13
328.2.2 Procedure Qualification by Others................................................................ 14
328.2.3 Performance Qualification by Others............................................................ 14
328.2.4 Qualification Records.................................................................................... 14
328.3 Welding Materials .............................................................................................. 15
328.3.1 Filller Metal................................................................................................... 15
328.3.1.1 Storage and Handling of Filler Metals and Fluxes ............................ 15
328.3.1.2 Shielding Gases.................................................................................. 16
328.3.2 Weld Backing Material ................................................................................. 16
328.3.3 Consumable Inserts ....................................................................................... 16
328.4 Preparation for Welding ..................................................................................... 16
328.4.1 Cleaning ........................................................................................................ 16
328.4.2 End Preparation............................................................................................. 16
328.4.3 Alignment...................................................................................................... 17
328.5 Welding Requirements ....................................................................................... 18
328.5.1 General .......................................................................................................... 18
328.5.2 Fillet and Socket Welds ................................................................................ 20
328.5.4 Welded Branch Connections......................................................................... 21
328.6 Weld Repair ........................................................................................................ 21
328.6.1 General .......................................................................................................... 21
328.6.2 Welding of Test Repair Welds...................................................................... 22
328.6.3 Testing of Repair Welds ............................................................................... 22
330 Preheating..................................................................................................................... 22
330.1 General................................................................................................................ 22
December 2004 ii SP-1096

330.1.1 Requirements and Recommendations............................................................22

330.1.4 Preheat Zone..................................................................................................22
330.2 Specific Requirements ........................................................................................23
330.2.4 Interrupted Welding ......................................................................................23
331 Heat Treatment ............................................................................................................23
332 Bending and Forming ..................................................................................................23

332.1 General ................................................................................................................23
333 Brazing and Soldering..................................................................................................23
336 Handling and Storage ..................................................................................................23

336.1 General ................................................................................................................23
336.2 Storage ................................................................................................................24
336.3 Pipe Handling......................................................................................................24
Chapter VI Inspection, Examination and Testing...............................................................25
340 Inspection .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

340.4 Qualifications of the Owner’s Inspector ............. Error! Bookmark not defined.
341 Examination..................................................................................................................25
341.2 Responsibility for Examination...........................................................................25
341.3 Examination Requirements .................................................................................25
341.3.1 General ..........................................................................................................25
341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria .......................................................................................25
341.4 Extent of Required Examination .........................................................................25
341.4.1 Examination Normally Required...................................................................25
342 Examination Personnel ................................................................................................26

342.1 Personnel Qualification and Certification ...........................................................26
343 Examination Procedures..............................................................................................26
344 Types of Examination ..................................................................................................27

344.2 Visual Examination.............................................................................................27
344.2.2 Method...........................................................................................................27
344.3 Magnetic Particle Examination ...........................................................................27
344.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination.............................................................................27
344.5 Radiographic Examination..................................................................................27
344.5.3 Method...........................................................................................................27
344.6 Ultrasonic Examination.......................................................................................28
345 Testing ...........................................................................................................................28

345.1 Required Leak Test .............................................................................................28
346 Records..........................................................................................................................28
346.1 Documentation ....................................................................................................28
SP-1096 iii December 2004

347 Certificate of Conformity ............................................................................................ 29
Table 1 Extent of Non-Destructive Testing for Welds ........................................................ 30
Figure 1 Hardness Indent Locations .............................................................................. 32
Figure 2 Orientation and Location of Charpy Impact Specimens .............................. 33
Appendix C References.......................................................................................................... 34
Appendix D Determination of the Volume Fraction of Ferrite in Duplex Stainless Steel by

Systematic Point Count ..................................................................................................... 36
Appendix E Certificate of Compliance................................................................................. 40
User Comment Form .............................................................................................................. 41
December 2004 iv SP-1096

1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This specification is a revision of SP-1096 version 1.0, Specification for Welding of Duplex
Stainless Steel Piping, issued in July 1999. The purpose of this document is to define the
minimum technical requirements for the welding of duplex stainless steel (DSS) pipework.
This specification is intended to be used where the applicable code has been designated by
the Company as ASME B31.3, 2002. Chemical Plant and Petroleum Company Piping,
(normally on-plot locations).
This document is not applicable to the welding of DSS pipelines, where the applicable code
has been designated as ASME B31.4 or ASME B31.8 (off-plot locations) or to the
manufacture of welded DSS pipe
1.2 Changes to the Specification
This Specification shall not be changed without approval from the Custodian, the Material
and Corrosion Functional Discipline Head (CFDH) who owns this Specification. If you
think the Specification is not correct, write your comments on a copy of the User Comments
Form. The form is included as the last page of this Specification. Send the copy with your
comments and personal details to DCS.
1.3 Effective Period
The requirements of this specification shall remain in force indefinitely unless superseded by
an authorised revision.
1.4 Review and Improvement
This specification will be reviewed and updated once every three years. The review authority
will be CFDH Materials and Corrosion.
1.5 Process Owner's Responsibility
The owner of this specification is CFDH Materials and Corrosion, is responsible for
authorising all proposed deviations or amendments to the specification and for the instigation
of periodic reviews and updates in accordance with Clauses 1.2 and 1.4.
December 2004 Page 1 SP-1096

2. Specification for Welding Duplex Stainless Steel

This specification gives the minimum requirements for the welding, fabrication and
inspection of duplex stainless steel on-plot pipework. The scope is intended to cover all
commercially available compositions (MESC), including 22Cr and 25Cr duplex/superduplex
grades. The specification is restricted to piping for service in non-sour environments where
the applicable Code for pressure piping is designated by the Company as ASME B31.3,
Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping. The use of duplex stainless materials in
environments containing H2S shall be subject to approval by the Company.
2.1 Specification Requirements
Welding, fabrication and inspection shall be in accordance with the requirements of ASME
B31.3, 2002 Edition, as amended and supplemented by Appendix B of this specification.
The amendments and supplements given in Appendix B are considered necessary to ensure
integrity of the fabricated pipework in accordance with PDO and Shell Group requirements.
The Clause numbering in Appendix B follows that of ASME B31.3. Where clauses of
ASME B31.3 are not amended or supplemented by Appendix B, they shall apply in their
entirety.
2.2 Process Deliverables
Process deliverables comprise shop or field welded duplex stainless steel pipework and
related welded fabrications designed to ASME B31.3 and normally intended for on-plot oil,
gas or water service.
2.3 Performance Levels / Indicators
See relevant ASME B31.3 weld inspection and testing acceptance criteria and the
amendments given in Appendix B of this specification.
2.4 Performance Monitoring
Requirements for monitoring welding process variables, welder performance and weld
quality are detailed in relevant sections of ASME B31.3/ASME IX as amended by Appendix
B of this specification.

Appendix A Glossary of Definitions, Terms and Abbreviations

Certain terms and abbreviations used in this document are defined below. The listed
definitions shall be considered to supplement those given in ASME B31.3.
General Definitions
Contractor The party which carries out all or part of the design,
engineering, procurement, construction, commissioning or
management of a project, or operation or maintenance of a
facility. The Company may undertake all or part of the duties of
the Contractor.
Manufacturer/ The party which manufactures or supplies equipment and
Supplier services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
Company Petroleum Developmant Oman LLC. The Company will

generally specify the technical requirements. The Company may
also include an agent or consultant authorised to act for, and on
behalf of, the Company.
User The Company, Consultant or Contractor who uses this

document.
Corporate Functional The person within the Company responsible for the discipline to
Discipline Head which the standard belongs.
shall Indicates a requirement. Any deviation to a requirement shall be

approved by the CFDH.
should Indicates a recommendation. A deviation to a recommendation

shall be approved by the welding (TA-2).
may Indicates a possible course of action.
Specific Definitions
Batch or Lot As defined in AWS A5.01, Clause 5 (Classification) and

(see App. B, 328.3.1) Clause 6 (Testing)
Duplex Stainless Steel A chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel containing a

balance of austenite and ferrite stabilising alloying elements
such that the microstructure at room temperature consists of
approximately equal proportions of austenite and ferrite.
Nominal Thickness Nominal thickness t shall have the following meanings:
- butt joint; parent metal thickness, which for joints between

dissimilar thicknesses is that of the thinner material.
- fillet weld; parent metal thickness, which for joints between
dissimilar thicknesses is that of the thicker material.
- set-on branch connection; thickness of branch pipe
- set-through branch connection; thickness of main pipe.
Owner Term used in ASME B31.3 that shall be understood to mean

the Company.

Verified copy A photocopy of an original document which has been re-

endorsed and signed by the organisation producing the
photocopy to verify that none of the information has been
adulterated.
Welding Co-ordinator The Contractor nominated authority on the quality aspects of
welding. The Welding co-ordinator shall be a Welding
Engineer meeting the recommendations for European
Welding Engineer (refer ISO 14731). However, other
national/ international qualifications may be considered at the
discretion of the Company. The Welding Co-ordinator shall
be approved by the Company TA-2 (Welding).
Abbreviations
a Throat Thickness of Fillet Weld
ASNT American Society for Non-destructive Testing
CFDH Corporate Functional Discipline Head
AWS American Welding Society
CSWIP Certification Scheme for Welding Inspection Personnel
D Nominal Outside Diameter
DSS Duplex Stainless Steel
DNV Det Norske Veritas
GTAW Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
IQI Image Quality Indicator
HAZ Heat Affected Zone
HV Vickers Hardness
NDE Non-destructive Examination
PAMS Portable arc monitoring system
PQR Procedure Qualification Record
PRE Pitting Resistance Equivalent
PT Penetrant Testing
PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment
RT Radiographic Testing
SAW Submerged Arc Welding
SMAW Shielded Metal Arc Welding

T Nominal Thickness
TA Technical Authority, as defined in ERD-00-02 and PDO GU-272.
TWI The Welding Institute
WPS Welding Procedure Specification
WFS Wire Feed Speed

Appendix B Amendments/Supplements to ASME B31.3
Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly and Erection
328 Welding
Delete introductory paragraph and replace as follows:
Welding shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of ASME B31.3 and the
amendments and additions of this specification. The work shall be undertaken only by
Contractors that have been approved by the Company specifically for the on-plot welding of
duplex stainless steel, (Work Category CE6421). Approval of Contractors shall be based on
Company document GU-225.
The welding Contractor shall maintain and operate a quality system that shall be in
accordance with ISO 9001:2000, and SP-1171. A quality system based on alternative
standards to of ISO 9001 may be considered for agreement by the Company. All welding
and related activities shall satisfy the requirements of ISO 3834-2. It is recommended to
follow the guidelines given in PD CR 13576.
328.2 Welding Qualifications
328.2.1 Qualification Requirements
Delete entire section and replace as follows:
328.2.1.1 General
Where the Contractor is unable to provide satisfactory records to demonstrate the suitability
of the proposed welding procedure specification and compliance with ASME B31.3 and this
specification, welding procedure qualification shall be undertaken prior to the
commencement of production welding.
The Contractor shall submit WPS proposals to the Company for review and approval a
minimum of two weeks prior to undertaking qualification welding. The WPS proposals
shall be endorsed by the Contractor's Welding Engineer. A Welding Procedure Register
shall accompany the package. This shall list and identify all WPS/PQRs intended to be used
for the contract, detailing as a tabulated summary welding processes, materials and qualified
dimensional ranges.
The qualification of dissimilar welds, between duplex stainless steel and other material
groups, shall be in general accordance with this specification, except that welding
consumables and specific test requirements will be agreed by the Company Welding TA - 2
(or higher) for each application.
Note: Any welding procedure qualified to meet project specific requirements for which the Company has
paid/reimbursed the cost of qualification shall be owned by the Company. The Company will keep original
PQR copies.
328.2.1.2 Welding Procedure Specification
The format of the WPS shall be equivalent to form E00006, shown as QW-482 in Appendix
A of ASME IX, and shall contain the following applicable parameters, including
explanatory details where necessary.
• Material specification of base metals.

• Welding process and whether manual or automatic.

• Wall thickness and diameter range for which the procedure is valid, (see 328.2.1.3 (c)
and (d)).
• Geometry of the welding groove showing allowable tolerances.
• Root gap showing allowable tolerances.
• Welding position and direction.
• Filler metal specification and diameter.
• Filler metal classification and coating type.
• Specification of flux.
• Tungsten electrode type and specification.
• Gas shielding flow and composition.
• Gas backing flow and composition
• Number of weld passes for which gas backing is required.
• Number and sequence of all passes, indicating stringer or weave beads. For automatic
welding the weave amplitude, weave frequency and dwell time shall also be included.
• Welding current range, voltage range and polarity. If pulse welding is used, the
background current and range of pulse parameters or unique program reference to be
included.
• Where applicable, electrode stick-out and WFS range.
• Travel speed range for each pass.
• Heat input range.
• Preheat and interpass temperatures.
• Methods of joint preparation interpass cleaning and weld finishing.
• Method of clamping/tacking, including details of removal
Test welding shall not commence until the WPS proposal has been stamped 'Approved for
Qualification' with the date and the contract number, and signed by a Company welding
TA-2.
328.2.1.3 Essential Variables
When changes in any of the parameters listed below are made beyond the indicated limits,
the welding procedure shall be set up as a new WPS and shall be completely re-qualified.
(a) Welding process A change to another welding process or a change from

manual to automatic operation or vice versa.
(b) Base materials Any change in UNS number. A change in the PREN
exceeding –1.5 or +2.5. For super-duplex grades any
change in manufacturer or product form shall be
considered an essential variable. A procedure qualified
by welding together products from different
manufacturers or different product forms shall qualify
both the combination and welds between each product..
(c) Thickness For t > 5mm, a change in thickness at the joint outside
the range 0.75t to 1.5t, but not < 5mm. For t < 5mm,a
change outside the range t to 1.5t. For a fillet weld, in
addition to material thickness, a change in throat
thickness outside the range 0.75a to 1.5a.
(See Appendix A of this specification for definitions of
t).
(d) Diameter (D) Change in pipe or branch diameter outside the

following ranges:
D <323mm; 0.5D to 2D
D ≥ 323mm; 0.5D to maximum to be welded.

(e) Joint design Any change in joint configuration outside the specified
tolerance.
(f) Welding position Any change, except that, subject to the approval of the
Company Welding TA-2, qualification of a joint in the
fixed 45° inclined (6G) position shall qualify for all
positions.
(g) Welding A change from uphill to downhill or vice versa.

progression
(h) Filler Any change in electrode/filler metal classification or

metal/electrode trade name, except that for solid filler wire, a change to
a different trade name may be accepted without re-
qualification subject to the approval of the Company
Welding TA-2. Any change in electrode or filler wire
diameter.
(i) Flux Any change in size, classification or trade name.
(j) Shielding or backing A change in nominal flow rate of more than ±20%.
gas Any change in nominal composition of shielding or
backing gas. Any increase in maximum oxygen
content of effluent backing gas.
(k) Number and Any change in the sequence of filling or capping passes
sequence of passes beyond that required to accommodate the qualified
range of joint dimensions. Any decrease in the number
of passes before cessation of backing gas.
(l) Electrical A change of more than ±15% in the individual values

characteristics for volts, amps and wire feed speed determined from
the PQR. Changes in individual parameters and of
welding speed, (clause (m)), shall be controlled such
that heat input is maintained within the permitted range
of clause (n).
A change of electrode polarity or current type,
including the addition or deletion of pulsating current.
(m) Speed of travel Any change greater than ±15%.

(n) Heat input Any change in average welding heat input per pass
outside the range ±10% of that qualified.
(o) Preheat or interpass An increase of more than 50°C in the specified

temperature minimum preheat temperatures or any increase in
maximum interpass temperature.
(p) Post-weld heat The inclusion or deletion of PWHT or any change in
treatment PWHT parameters.
328.2.1.4 Test Welding
Sufficient test welds shall be made to extract all the destructive test specimens required for
qualification testing. Test welding shall be witnessed by the Company Welding TA-3. The
Contractor shall give the Company a minimum of 48 hours notice of the intention to proceed
with test welding.

The Contractor shall have a minimum of one Company-approved calibrated portable arc
monitoring system with hard copy facility available at the test site to record welding
parameters. No test welding is permissible without recording the welding parameters using
a calibrated portable arc monitor.
Prior to the commencement of test welding, the Contractor shall have available at the test
site the following documents for verification by the Company:
• Original copy of the WPS proposal, endorsed ‘Approved for Qualification’

• Material certificates or verified copies, traceable to the items to be welded.
• Batch certificates or verified copies, traceable to the welding consumables, (see
328.3.1).
• Approved consumable handling procedure.
Test welding shall not commence until the Company has reviewed and accepted the
documentation. All test welding shall be witnessed by a Company representative having a
Welding Technical Authority level 3 or higher. The Contractor’s Welding Coordinator who
is approved by the Company shall supervise the entire welding procedure qualification
process. The Contractor shall be responsible for examination and shall have a Company
approved welding examiner (Welding Inspector) present throughout test welding and NDE
of the welds. NDE shall be performed only by Company registered NDE subcontractors in
accordance with SP-1176.
The test weld shall simulate as closely as possible the actual production environment and
welding set-up used, including as applicable, clamping, support and back purging
arrangements. The longest length of internal purge tubing expected to be required for use
with the procedure should be included in the test set-up to confirm that the required purging
conditions can always be attained and monitored without affecting weld quality. Set-up
details shall be recorded in the test welding record. In order that root oxidation can be
assessed under ‘worst case’ conditions, welding should commence as soon as the maximum
specified back purge oxygen level is reached.
The following information shall be recorded for each pass of the test weld and shall form
part of the PQR:
• Pass number
• Welding process
• Consumable diameter
• Consumable trade name and classification (including flux for SAW)
• Electrode polarity
• Gas composition
• Gas flow rate
• Arc voltage
• Current
• Wire feed speed
• Travel speed
• Preheat temperature
• Interpass temperature
• Pass sequence
The test weld information shall be recorded on welding parameter sheets which shall be
attached to the completed form E00007, shown as QW-483 in Appendix A of ASME IX.
Pass sequence shall be shown in the sketch on the ASME form. The Approved for
Qualification WPS, original or verified copies of the test coupon material and consumable
batch test certificates and the original PAMS unit printout shall be included as part of the
PQR. The welding records of the test welding shall be signed, dated, and endorsed by the
Contractor's welding examiner (Welding Inspector) and the Company welding TA-3 present
at the time of test welding.

If post weld heat treatment is required, a heat treatment record chart shall be produced and
shall be endorsed by the Contractor, the heat treatment sub-contractor (if applicable), and the
Company Welding TA-3 present during heat treatment. The chart shall be included in the
PQR.
328.2.1.5 Examination of the Test Weld
NDE shall be witnessed by a Company Welding TA-3 (or higher) or by a Third Party
Inspector nominated by the Company.
The NDE shall consist of the following:
• Visual examination
• Liquid penetrant testing
• Radiographic testing
NDE on all test welds shall be performed with the weld at ambient temperature using
equipment and Company-approved procedures that will be employed for production. NDE
of a test weld may serve as a qualification test for the NDE procedures.
The acceptance criteria shall be as stated in Chapter VI of ASME B31.3 and the
corresponding sections of this specification. Any weld that fails to meet the acceptance
criteria shall not be offered for destructive testing. Visual examination of all butt welds shall
include the pipe bore surfaces. The degree of oxidation present on these surfaces following
welding shall be within the visual acceptance criteria of DEP 30.10.60.31-GEN.
The radiographic report shall be signed by the technician and the Contractor's welding
examiner prior to presenting the radiographs to the Company Welding TA-3 with
interpretation qualification for viewing. After viewing, the Company Welding TA-3 shall
sign and endorse the radiographic report and it shall be incorporated into the PQR.
328.2.1.6 Destructive Testing of the Test Weld
Testing for procedure qualification shall be performed in accordance with ASME IX and the
additional requirements in Paragraphs (a) to (f), following. The Contractor shall appoint a
Company-approved agency to witness the destructive testing. This agency shall certify that
all tests are made in accordance with the controlling specifications. The Company shall
have the option to witness the destructive testing or to appoint an agency to act on its behalf.
All test reports shall be endorsed and signed by the testing organisation, the Contractor, and
the third party inspector who witnessed the testing. The test reports shall be included in the
PQR.
(a) Macro-examination
Two macro-sections shall be taken from a butt weld in pipe at the 12-1 o'clock and the
6-7 o'clock positions. Where two welders have made the joint, the macro specimens
shall be taken from the specified positions such that each welder's portion is sampled.
For branch welds, four macro-sections shall be taken at 90° intervals through the centre
of the joint, in line with the longitudinal or transverse axis of the run pipe.
Specimens shall be prepared for macroscopic examination by grinding or other suitable

method to a 600 grit paper finish. The prepared surfaces shall be etched using a suitable
etchant to reveal the pass sequence, HAZ, defects etc. Metallographic examination of
representative sections shall also be performed to confirm the microstructure of the
weld/HAZ and the absence of deleterious phases. Observations shall be included with
the macroscopic examination report
Macro-examination shall be carried out at a minimum magnification of x5. The

acceptance criteria shall be as detailed in chapter VI of ASME B31.3 and shall include

measurements for height of reinforcement and internal protrusion. Following the

hardness measurements detailed below in paragraph 328.2.1.6(b), macrophotographs
shall be produced for inclusion in the PQR.
(b) Hardness survey
For pipe, a hardness survey shall be performed on each macrosection. The hardness,
shall be measured in accordance with ASTM E92 using a 10 Kg load. For pipe butt
welds, the hardness indentations shall be as shown in Figure 1 of this specification and
shall be clearly visible in the macrophotographs. For pipe of t less than 10 millimetres,
the mid-thickness traverse may be omitted. One indent of each HAZ set of three shall
be as close to the fusion line as possible but shall not intercept it.
The sections of the weld taken for macroscopic examination and hardness testing shall
also be used for the ferrite measurements required in the following clause, 328.2.1.6(c).
The maximum hardness values from each traverse shall not exceed 325 HV10.
(c) Ferrite measurement
The ferrite content shall be determined by microscopic point counting in accordance

with ASTM E562 and Appendix D of this specification, For DSS, a magnetic
measurement technique using an instrument calibrated to AWS 4.2 may be used.
Ferrite determinations shall be made in the weld metal and both HAZ areas at a depth of
1mm from the inside and from the outside surfaces, or for magnetic techniques, as close
to the surface as is practicable. Additional checks shall be made in the centre of the
unaffected base material on each side of the weld.
Ferrite content determined by microscopic point counting shall be in the range 40 - 60%
for the parent material and 35 - 65% in the weld/HAZ regions. The ferrite range for
magnetic measurements shall be between 30 – 70 FN. In the event that borderline
unacceptable or otherwise doubtful results are obtained using magnetic measurement, a
check point-counting determination may be made if agreed by the Company Welding
TA-2. If the results of these repeat tests are satisfactory, the ferrite content shall be
considered to be acceptable.
(d) Charpy V-notch impact tests
Each procedure qualification shall include impact testing unless the nominal pipe wall
thickness is less than 4.8 mm. The sampling area of the weld shall be as shown in
Figure QW-463.1(f) of ASME IX.
One set of three specimens shall be taken at each of the following positions:
• root weld centre line

• root fusion line (50% intersection of notch)
• root fusion line + 2 millimetres
When the wall thickness exceeds 20 millimetres, an additional set of three specimens
shall be taken at each of the following positions:
• cap weld centre line

• cap fusion line (50% intersection of notch)
• cap fusion line + 2 millimetres
These requirements are summarised in Figure 2 of this specification.

Specimens shall be 10 x 10 millimetres full size wherever possible. Where these

dimensions are not possible, the largest obtainable standard sub-size specimens shall be
extracted.
Testing in accordance with ASTM A370 and this specification shall be conducted at
minus 20°C or at the minimum design temperature, whichever is the lower. The test
temperature shall remain the same for all specimen thicknesses.
For each set of three specimens, only one of the individual values may be below the
minimum average energy requirement with an absolute minimum as defined by the
minimum individual acceptance criterion.
The acceptance criteria are detailed in the Table below. For other standard specimen
dimensions, the acceptance criteria shall be applied pro rata.
Specimen size, mm Charpy Energy, Joules
Minimum Average Minimum Single

10 x 10 40 30
10 x 7.5 30 23
10 x 5 20 15
(e) Corrosion testing
A pitting corrosion resistance test shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM G48,
Method A, using the total immersion ferric chloride test. A coupon specimen of
dimensions 5 cm x 5 cm x full wall thickness shall be prepared to the requirements of
ASTM G48, Section 5. No flattening of the coupon material shall be carried out. The
weld seam shall be located centrally and parallel to one axis. The edges of the specimen
shall be rounded to minimise edge effects and the sides ground to 600 grit finish. Other
surfaces shall be in the "as-finished" condition.
The specimen shall be degreased, dried, weighed to three decimal places and the weight
recorded.
The specimen shall be held in the solution at an angle of 45°, with inside surface
uppermost. Unless otherwise directed, the test shall be conducted for a period of 24
hours at a temperature of 22°C ± 2°C. For the higher alloyed 25Cr duplex/superduplex
grades the test temperature shall be 35-37ºC unless otherwise specified
On completion of the test period the specimen shall be rinsed, cleaned, dried and
reweighed using the procedures specified in ASTM G48A. The specimen shall be
examined at a magnification of x20. No pitting shall be visible. Weight loss shall be
expressed as total weight loss and weight loss per unit area. The latter shall not exceed
8g/m2.
All samples shall be made available for inspection by the Company.
(f) Chemical analysis
Chemical analysis shall be conducted of the root run weld metal. The weld metal
sample shall be taken from an adjacent or equivalent location to that shown for the
impact test specimens in Figure A. The elements required for calculation of the PRE
(see Section 328.3.1) shall be determined. The PRE value shall exceed the minimum
specified for the base material to be welded.

328.2.1.7 Retests
With the exception of Charpy tests and hardness tests, if any one mechanical test specimen
fails to meet the minimum requirements, two additional test specimens shall be extracted and
tested. The Contractor shall notify the Company of the test failure and obtain written
Company approval to proceed with retests. If both of the retests are acceptable that
particular test shall be deemed as acceptable. Should one or both of the retests fail then the
procedure shall be rejected immediately.
For hardness tests, if only one hardness result exceeds the specified maximum then a
minimum of three further indentations shall be made in close proximity to that which failed
such that they do not mutually interfere. If all of the further tests are below the maximum
specified hardness the test shall be accepted. The Contractor shall notify the Company of the
test failure and obtain written Company approval to proceed with retests
For Charpy tests, if the specified minimum average value has been achieved and more than
one specimen is below the specified average value, or one specimen is below the specified
minimum individual value, a retest of three further specimens shall be made. All three
individual retest values shall equal or exceed the specified minimum average value.
Retesting of any corrosion specimen which fails to meet the pitting and/or weight loss
acceptance criteria in the ASTM G48A corrosion test shall be permitted only if failure can
be reasonably attributed to test conditions or sample preparation. Where retesting is agreed
by the Company, two further specimens shall be prepared and tested. Both of the additional
specimens shall meet the acceptance criteria.
If the test joint fails to meet the minimum requirements, a new WPS proposal shall be
established and qualification welding and testing repeated.
328.2.1.8 Approval of the WPS
Subsequent to successful non-destructive and destructive testing, the Contractor shall submit
the original PQR showing endorsement and signatures of the Contractor, the testing
subcontractor, and the Company. The Contractor shall also submit a copy of the WPS to be
used for production welding and, if necessary, a revised welding procedure register for
review and approval by a Company Welding TA level 2 or higher.
Production welding shall not commence until the WPS has been endorsed 'Approved for
Fabrication' with the date and the contract number, and signed by a Company welding
Technical Authority level 2. Only those WPSs shown on the approved WPS register shall
be used in production.
328.2.1.9 Performance Qualification
Welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with the requirements of
ASME IX and of this specification.
For Super DSS any change which necessitates requalification of the WPS shall also require
requalification of the welder. For DSS, the following essential variables shall be applied for
welder qualification:
(a) A change in joint thickness to more than twice the thickness of the test joint.
(b) A change in pipe or branch diameter outside the range 0.5D to 2 D, where D is the test
pipe diameter.
(c) A major change in joint configuration, e.g. ‘U’ to ‘V’ preparation
(d) A change in welding progression from uphill to downhill or vice versa.
(e) For manual welding electrodes, a change from one coating type to another
(f) Any change in the nominal composition of the shielding gas.

Welders shall have a valid Company qualification within the validity defined in this
specification or they shall be qualified on contract materials using a WPS endorsed
‘Approved For Fabrication’. A calibrated portable arc monitor shall be used to record
welding parameters. Qualification shall be valid for a period of six months. This period
may be extended by a further six months when it can be shown by NDT from production
welding that the welder has produced satisfactory welds using the approved for construction
WPS. After 12 months the welder shall be re-qualified, unless otherwise agreed by the
Company Welding TA-2. The Company reserve the right to disqualify any welder whose
performance during production welding is not satisfactory.
The Company shall be given a minimum of 48 hours notice of intention to perform welder
qualification in order to witness the test welding. Welding and testing shall be witnessed by
a Company Welding TA-3. Butt weld test pieces shall be subjected to visual examination,
radiography, bend testing and macroscopic examination to the requirements of ASME IX,
QW-302 and this specification.
A welder who fails to meet the acceptance criteria shall be allowed an immediate retest. A
welder who fails to meet the acceptance criteria after the first retest shall not be allowed a
second retest within seven days. The Contractor shall demonstrate that the welder has
undergone training in that period. Failure to demonstrate training shall prevent the welder
from being retested. Should the second retest fail then that welder shall be disqualified for
the duration of the contract.
Performance qualification data shall be recorded by the Contractor on ASME form E00008
(QW-484) or other format agreed by the Company. The ASME form shall then be endorsed
and signed by the Contractor and the Company Welding TA-3 who witnessed the test
welding. The completed record forms shall be submitted to the Company Welding TA-3
who shall issue a welder's card which shall show the WPS for which the welder is qualified,
the welder's unique identification, and the Company TA-3 signature and endorsement. The
welder shall maintain the card in his possession at the job site and shall produce it upon
request by the Company. Failure to produce the card shall prevent the welder from welding
until such time as it is produced. The card shall be the property of the Company and shall be
revocable by the Company.
The Contractor shall assign an identifying number, letter, or symbol to the qualified welder
which shall be used to ensure traceability to specific welds. If a welder ceases to work for
the Contractor, the unique identification shall not be reassigned to another welder.
328.2.2 Procedure Qualification by Others
Delete section and replace as follows:
Procedure qualification by others, as defined in ASME B31.3 shall not be permitted.
328.2.3 Performance Qualification by Others
Performance qualifications made for another employer shall not be accepted.
328.2.4 Qualification Records
See sections 328.2.1.2, 328.2.1.4 and 346.1 of this specification.

328.3 Welding Materials
328.3.1 Filller Metal
Add the following, including new sub-sections 328.3.1.1 and 328.3.1.2:
Only consumables from Company approved suppliers shall be used. Approval shall include
the manufacturing plant and shall be verified by a third party inspection agency.
Each batch of consumables shall be tested in accordance with the AWS procedures specified
for the consumable classification. The tests shall be conducted with third party witness and
verification at a Company approved facility. Batch testing is required, irrespective of
whether the consumables are supplied with a verified copy of the Supplier’s/Manufacturer's
batch certificate. The definition of a batch is given in Appendix A of this specification.
All filler metals shall have classification society, (e.g., Lloyd's, DNV), type approval.
Filler metals should be of matching specification to the base material to be welded with the
exception of the following:
• The chromium and nickel contents of each batch should be equal to or higher than those
of the filler used in the corresponding procedure qualification test.
• The PRE of the filler metal, as calculated from the batch test certification on the basis
defined below, should be at least 2 units higher than the minimum specified PRE of the
base material to be welded.
PRE = (%Cr) + 3.3(%Mo + 0.5%W) + 16(%N)
NOTE: Tungsten (W) analysis need be considered only if specified as an alloying addition.
328.3.1.1 Storage and Handling of Filler Metals and Fluxes
Electrodes, filler wires and fluxes shall be stored in a dry storage room in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions. Consumables shall remain in their original containers which
shall be marked with the manufacturer's name, the consumable trade name, and the batch
number. Consumables in containers that are not identifiable and traceable shall be removed
from the job site to the satisfaction of the Company. The storage room should be maintained
at a maximum relative humidity of 50%, which shall be monitored in accordance with an
agreed procedure.
Consumables delivered in containers that exhibit physical damage, shall be examined for
damage. Consumables that show signs of damage or deterioration shall be disposed of to
the satisfaction of the Company. All manual electrodes shall be properly identifiable up to
the time of usage, each electrode being distinguishable by a coding marked near the grip
end. Electrodes without a code marking shall not be used. Wire spools shall be stored in
cabinets with the supplier's wrapping in place and shall remain clearly identifiable up to the
point of usage. Unidentifiable wire shall not be used.
Flux shall be handled and stored in accordance with the flux manufacturer's
recommendations. The Contractor shall furnish the Company with datasheets for the flux
prior to its arrival at site. Flux shall remain identifiable and traceable. Recycling shall not
be permitted.
Wherever available, basic coated electrodes should be supplied in sealed vacuum packs
having a guaranteed hydrogen content. Electrodes not supplied in such vacuum packs shall
be removed from the containers and baked in ovens in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions. The electrodes shall be transferred to holding ovens set at 150°C after baking,
from where they shall be issued to heated quivers maintained at a minimum temperature of

70°C. Duplex stainless steel electrodes shall not be stored in the same heated cabinets as
electrodes of other materials. The maximum stacking height shall be four layers. The
baking ovens and the holding ovens shall have automatic heat controls and a temperature
read-out display. A ‘map’ or other acceptable method shall be employed so as to identify
the contents and their location in the baking and holding ovens. Oven internal storage
arrangements shall not allow intermixing of different electrodes (manufacturers and/or
sizes).
Consumable control shall be such that any basic coated electrodes shall be used within four
hours of issue to a quiver. Where this is not possible due to operational reasons, vacuum
seal packed electrodes shall be used, (for which the requirement for issue into a heated
quiver shall still apply). Those electrodes not used within four hours shall be returned to the
baking oven. Electrodes shall be baked a maximum of two times, i.e. one initial bake and
one re-bake. The Contractor shall have a system for identification of re-baked electrodes.
Prior to the commencement of qualification or production welding, whichever is sooner, the

Contractor shall submit a consumable handling procedure to the Company for review and
approval. Test welding or production welding shall not commence until the consumable
handling procedure has been approved by the Company Welding TA - 2.
328.3.1.2 Shielding Gases
The shielding and purge gas shall be certified as complying with ISO 14175, AWS 5.32 or
equivalent. Hydrogen shall not be added. The purity or component concentrations of the
gas shall be as specified on the WPS and shall be the same for procedure qualification and
production welding.
Gases in containers that are unidentifiable shall not be used.
328.3.2 Weld Backing Material
Delete existing section and replace as follows:
Backing rings shall not be used.
328.3.3 Consumable Inserts
Consumable inserts shall not be used.
328.4 Preparation for Welding
328.4.1 Cleaning
Fusion faces and the surrounding surfaces within a minimum of 25 mm of the joint shall be
free from heavy scale, moisture, oil, paint, or any other substance which may have a
deleterious effect on the weld quality or progress. Before welding, the end preparation shall
be degreased with a non-chlorinated solvent such as acetone.
328.4.2 End Preparation
(a) General
Delete existing clause (1) and replace as follows:

(1) Bevels shall normally be machined or prepared by grinding. Preparation of weld

edges by plasma cutting is permissible provided a mechanically guided torch is
used. Prepared edges shall meet the cleanliness requirements of clause 328.4.1 of
this specification. Equipment/consumables used for grinding and cleaning of edge
preparations shall be dedicated for stainless steel work and identified by colour
coding or other suitable means. Wire brushes shall be of stainless steel.
Add the following new clauses (3) to (5):
(3) The cut surface shall be ground to a smooth, bright uniform finish by removing
approximately 0.5 mm of metal. After grinding, the weld edges and surrounding
material shall be cleaned and visually examined to ensure freedom from cracks,
notches or other defects which may affect weld quality. Any bevelled edge that has
been damaged shall be restored by machining or grinding within the tolerances
required by the welding procedure to be applied. Restoration involving welding
shall not be permitted.
(4) All preparations in pipe of 273 mm OD and above and/or wall thickness of 12.7
mm and above and all cut-backs made to rectify defective end preparation,
irrespective of pipe size, shall be inspected as follows:
• The pipe shall be ultrasonically examined for laminations over a zone of 50

mm back from the new bevel edge. The acceptance criteria shall be that the
maximum dimension of the minor axis of the lamination shall not exceed 6.3
mm and the maximum product of the major and minor axes shall not exceed 50
mm2.
• The new bevel shall be liquid penetrant examined and shall be free from
relevant linear indications.
• All examinations shall be in accordance with Company approved procedures.
(5) Prior to a cut-out for a branch connection, a zone 50 mm wide around the outside
diameter of the proposed hole shall be utrasonically checked for laminations. The
completed bevel shall be liquid penetrant examined. The procedures and
acceptance criteria shall be those specified for cut-backs in the preceding
paragraph.
(b) Circumferential welds
Delete existing clause (4) and replace as follows:
(4) The deposition of weld metal to rectify internal misalignment shall not be
permitted.
328.4.3 Alignment
(a) Circumferential welds
Add the following to clause (1):
Misalignment is permitted to a maximum of 1 mm provided it is distributed equally

around the circumference. If the misalignment exceeds the above value, provided it
is caused by dimensional variations within the specified tolerance or the use of two
piping components of different nominal thickness and the same out side diameter,
trimming at the internal diameter of the thicker member to a taper of 1:4 may be
carried out. Wherever possible, such rectification should be carried out by
machining in a shop rather than by grinding in the field.
Add the following new clause, (3):

(3) Line-up clamps shall be employed where possible. These shall have stainless steel
inserts or shall be clad with a suitable material to prevent contact between the
duplex stainless steel pipe and carbon steel. Stainless steel spacing tools shall be
used in conjunction with the line-up clamp to ensure proper joint spacing. Root
bead segments used with external line-up clamps shall be cleaned, feathered at each
end, and visually inspected prior to completion of the root pass.
Add the following new sub-section (e):
(e) Weld separation
The toes of adjacent circumferential welds shall be separated by a minimum distance

equal to the nominal outside diameter of the pipe. Where the above requirement cannot
be met, the minimum distance between the toes of adjacent circumferential welds shall
not be less than five times the nominal wall thickness or 50 mm whichever is greater.
And both joints shall be subjected to RT and PT checks.
When circumferential welds are to be made in pipe of welded manufacture, the

longitudinal welds shall be so positioned that:
• the weld is at the upper segment of 120° of the pipe line
• any two adjacent longitudinal welds shall be at least 45° apart.
328.5 Welding Requirements
328.5.1 General
The material certificates shall be verified and approved by the contractor Quality Assurance
Engineer and made available for review to the Company before the commencement of
welding / fabrication.
(a) WPS
Add the following:
All welding shall be in accordance with the ‘Approved for Fabrication’ WPS.
(b) Weld identification
Delete the last sentence and replace as follows:
The Contractor shall maintain records of the weld number and the welder identification
for each weld for inclusion in the document package. The production records shall also
include the results of monitoring and verification of the welding parameters (volts,
amps, travel speed and heat input) representing one pass per WPS, per welder, per day
(excluding the capping runs) unless agreed otherwise with Company Welding TA-2
authority. A calibrated portable arc monitor shall be used to record welding parameters.
(c) Tack welding
Delete existing sub-section and replace as follows:
Root tack welding shall not be permitted. Where tack welding is necessary, only bridge
or bar tacks may be used. These shall be welded using the electrodes and parameters
shown in the approved WPS for the fill passes. Welding shall not encroach on the root
area. The bridge or bar material shall match the composition of the parent material.
The tack welds shall be removed by grinding as welding progresses around the joint.
(d) Weld Finishing

Welds shall be left as welded and shall not be treated with a flame torch or other
mechanical means to change their appearance other than the cleaning and dressing
operations specified in the WPS. Welds shall not be peened.
When fabrication is completed, all surfaces adjacent to the welds shall be cleaned of
spatter, burrs, and other imperfections that could interfere with radiographic or
ultrasonic inspection.
(e) Weather protection
Work shall not be performed when the weather and/or degree of protection does not
permit satisfactory workmanship.
For site welding, shelters giving adequate protection at all times to the weld area from
wind, rain and moisture shall be provided. In windy conditions the pipe ends shall be
sealed to prevent through draughts
Weld surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried before welding. Moisture shall be
removed by means of blowers, or in exceptional cases a torch may be used in
accordance with Section 330.1.1 of this specification.
Add new sub-sections, (g) to (k):
(g) Application of welding processes
(1) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
Manual or automatic GTAW with filler metal addition shall be used for the root and
second pass of all single sided butt welds. These processes may also be used for
filling and capping passes. Automatic GTAW may be used in uphill and downhill
progression. The manual GTAW process shall be restricted to uphill progression.
U-groove preparation without root gap should be used for automatic welding.
The tungsten electrode shall be AWS class EWTh-2 or EWCe-2. The GTAW
power source shall have a high frequency starting circuit, slope-out control and gas
delay facility as a minimum.
Argon, Helium or Argon/Helium mixtures of at least 99.99% purity shall be used as

shielding and backing gas. The use of argon containing an addition of up to 2%
nitrogen is also permissible. Hydrogen additions are not permitted.
Flushing with backing gas shall be carried out before welding. The oxygen content
of the exit gas shall be monitored using suitable oxygen measuring equipment and
welding shall not commence until a level of 0.2% or less is attained. Monitoring
shall be continued during welding to ensure that this limit is not exceeded.
Unless otherwise approved, gas back purge shall be maintained during the welding
of all full penetration butt joints until a minimum of 6 mm. thickness of weld metal
has been deposited. Continuation of back purging for further layers may be
necessary, subject to the root weld inner surface meeting the specified visual
acceptance criteria, as determined in procedure qualification. The same criteria
shall be applied to confirm the acceptable maximum depth of partial penetration
repair welds.
(2) Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)

SAW shall be used only for filling and capping in the flat position with the pipe
rotated. Wire and flux shall be from the same manufacturer.
(3) Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
The SMAW process shall be used only for filling and capping and only in the
positions recommended by the consumable manufacturer. Welding shall not be
performed in the downhill direction.
(4) Other welding processes
Welding shall normally be restricted to the processes listed in (1) to (3) above.
Proposals to use other processes may be submitted to the Company Welding TA-2
for consideration in exceptional cases.
(h) Arc strikes
Arc strikes shall be ground out to a smooth profile. The ground area shall be examined
by liquid penetrant examination and thickness checked. The area shall be free from
cracks. Where the thickness is below the specified minimum that section of pipe shall
be removed.
The Contractor shall ensure a good earth connection and periodically examine the
condition of the earth cables and attachments. Any arcing from a poor connection shall
be treated as an arc strike. Connections of current return cables shall be made directly
to the work using clamps having stainless steel contact surfaces.
(i) Inter-run cleaning
Each run of weld metal shall be cleaned before a further run is deposited. Visible
defects such as cracks, cavities, and other deposition faults shall be removed by
grinding prior to deposition of further weld metal.
(j) Temporary attachments
Temporary attachments shall not be used.
(k) Transition joints between dissimilar metals
The Contractor shall consult with the Company and agree the WPS and qualification
requirements.
328.5.2 Fillet and Socket Welds
From 1st sentence, delete”(including socket welds)”.
Add to sub-section (a), the following::
Socket welding shall not be permitted.
Delete existing sub-section (b) and replace as follows
(b) Where the use of slip-on flanges is agreed by the Company, attachment shall be by
continuous double fillet welds.
Add following new sub-section:

(c) A specific WPS shall be prepared for each fillet weld attachment detail. Subject to
review and acceptance by the Company Welding TA-2, qualification of these details
may be supported by appropriate butt weld qualifications. Otherwise separate
qualification in accordance with ASME IX and this specification shall be required.
328.5.4 Welded Branch Connections
Add following new sub-section:
(i) A specific WPS shall be prepared for each type of branch weld detail. Separate
qualification of branch welds shall be carried out in accordance with ASME B31.3 and
this specification.
328.6 Weld Repair
Delete entire section and replace as follows:
328.6.1 General
All repairs shall be executed by welders qualified in accordance with ASME B31.3 and this
specification. The Contractor shall maintain records of repair work.
Repair welding procedures shall be prepared and qualified for each type of repair to be
performed in accordance with Section 328.2 of this specification. A separate WPS shall be
produced for repair welding and shall be approved by the Company Welding TA-2. The
WPS shall be qualified using simulated repairs to an appropriate test weld, except that
repairs to fillet welds may be qualified by a suitable butt weld repair PQR.
In addition to the items required by this specification, the WPS shall show the following:
• The method of excavation

• The NDE technique employed to ensure removal of defects
Cracks shall not be repaired. When cracking is observed in the completed weld, the weld
shall be cut out entirely. For partial penetration repairs, the total length of excavation shall
not exceed 30% of the weld length. For full penetration repairs, the total length of
excavation shall not exceed 20% of the weld length.
Each type of repair shall be separately qualified, including full penetration, partial
penetration and cap welds.
Excavation shall be by machining or grinding. After excavation, visual and liquid penetrant
inspection shall be performed to confirm defect removal. At the ends and the sides of the
excavation there shall be a gradual taper from the base of the excavation to the surface of the
weld metal. The profile shall be such that adequate access for welding is achieved.
Undersize welds shall be rectified by the deposition of additional weld metal, using the same
procedures as for the original weld. Surfaces shall be thoroughly cleaned before depositing
further weld metal. Back welding to repair a root mismatch (Hi-Lo) is only permissible if
covered by a PQR.
After completion of repair welding, the full extent of the repair shall be inspected by the
method prescribed for the original weld to a length extending 50 mm beyond each end of the
repair. Should further unacceptable defects be found on re-inspection then the weld shall be
cut out entirely.

328.6.2 Welding of Test Repair Welds
The initial butt weld shall be welded to the appropriate qualified WPS. The maximum depth
of partial penetration repair welds shall the lesser of 0.5t or t-6 mm. Where the execution of
single run repairs has been agreed, separate qualification shall be made. Generally, test
repair weld excavations should be centred at the fusion line so as to include weld metal and
parent material. The location shall be shown on the WPS and agreed by the Company.
Each repair shall be of sufficient length to provide the specified number of specimens for
destructive testing.
328.6.3 Testing of Repair Welds
Non-destructive testing of the repair test weld shall be performed as specified for the
original weld.
Provided the repair weld procedure is representative of the original weld qualification, the
following destructive tests shall be performed on butt weld repairs, (cap repairs should be
tested as fillet welds). Otherwise, full procedure qualification tests shall apply. Destructive
testing shall be in accordance with the methods and acceptance criteria of Section 328.2.6:
- 1 transverse tensile
- bend test
- 1 macroexamination and hardness test
- ferrite measurements, which shall include measurements made in the new HAZ formed in
the original weld.
- Charpy testing which, where appropriate, shall include samples notched in the new HAZ
formed in the original weld.
- corrosion testing, to include the junction of new and original weld metal
330 Preheating
330.1 General
330.1.1 Requirements and Recommendations
Preheat will not normally be required by the WPS. If welding is likely to be performed
below 15°C or condensation of moisture on the weld area is possible, a minimum preheat of
50°C shall be applied to a bandwidth of at least 75mm either side of the joint. A limited
preheat may also be applied in highly constrained conditions provided that this does not
contravene the essential variables of the qualified WPS, (see 328.2.1.3(p)).
Acceptable methods of pre-heating are electrical resistance heaters or oxy-propane torches

fitted with rosebud pattern nozzles. Welding or cutting torches shall not be used.
The maximum interpass temperature shall be 150oC, unless a lower value is specified on the
approved WPS. Temperature measurement shall be by thermocouple, thermomelt crayon,
contact pyrometer or a combination of these. Thermomelt crayons shall not be applied
within the bevel area.
330.1.4 Preheat Zone
The heated area shall extend for a minimum of 75mm either side of the joint and shall be
maintained over the full length of the joint until the weld is completed. A period of

equalisation shall be allowed, based on two minutes per 25mm thickness, prior to
confirmation that the specified temperature has been attained.
330.2 Specific Requirements
330.2.4 Interrupted Welding
Interruption of welding should be avoided. Where interruption is unavoidable, a minimum

of three passes or one third of the joint thickness, whichever is greater, shall have been
deposited.
331 Heat Treatment

Post weld heat treatment will be specified only in exceptional circumstances. Individual
requirements and procedures shall be agreed with the Company as necessary.
332 Bending and Forming

Delete existing section entirely and replace as follows:
332.1 General
Field bending of duplex stainless steel pipework shall not be permitted. Maximum use shall
be made of factory produced components. Where shop fabrication of bends or any other
shop forming operations becomes necessary, this shall be restricted to cold working
techniques. Contact faces of forming equipment shall be of stainless steel or lined with
suitable material to prevent contamination of the work by carbon steel.
Detailed fabrication and heat treatment procedures shall be approved by the Company prior
to commencement of work.
333 Brazing and Soldering

Delete the existing section entirely. Brazing and soldering processes are outside the scope
of this specification.
Add the following new section:
336 Handling and Storage

336.1 General
All necessary precautions shall be taken throughout fabrication to minimise contamination

of duplex stainless steel materials resulting from direct contact with carbon steels, exposure
to ferrous dust, swarf or other debris and from residual deposits on or near fusion faces
during welding. Specific requirements to prevent contamination during edge preparation,
joint alignment or site fabrication, for cleaning fusion faces and welds beads and for
preventing oxidation during welding, are included in Sections 328.4, 328.5.1 and 332.1 of
this specification. General precautions to be applied during the handling and storage of
duplex stainless steels are outlined in clauses 336.2 - 3, following.

Surface oxidation or metallic contamination that does not respond to washing or degreasing
treatments shall be removed using power tools or by a pickling treatment. Pickling
procedures shall be subject to prior approved by the Company. The Contractor shall ensure
the safe use and disposal of chemical solutions and the thorough cleaning and drying of
pipework. Washing shall be performed with potable water.
336.2 Storage
(a) Components stored in an open site or within a fabrication workshop shall be protected
from environmental contamination.
(b) Duplex stainless steels shall be clearly identified and segregated from other stored
materials.
336.3 Pipe Handling
(a) Supports, rollers and other pipe handling equipment shall be of compatible material or
shall be suitably lined to prevent damage or contamination of the duplex pipework.
(b) Slings and supports for lifting duplex stainless steel pipe and assemblies shall be of
Nylon or similar compatible material.
(c) Pipe handling by means of hooks in pipe ends shall not be permitted.

Chapter VI Inspection, Examination and Testing
341 Examination
341.2 Responsibility for Examination
Add the following new sub-sections (d) and (e):
(d) The Contractor shall supply all labour, materials, and equipment necessary to perform
the required examinations.
(e) The Company shall have the final disposition on any weld. Those welds not accepted
by the Company shall be rectified in accordance with ASME B31.3 and this
specification.
341.3 Examination Requirements
341.3.1 General
Insert the following in front of the first paragraph:
Before commencing production, the Contractor shall examine free-issue materials for
damage and compliance with the relevant materials specification. This examination shall
include a review of the materials certificates. Items supplied without materials certificates
shall not be used. All damage and discrepancies shall be reported immediately to the
Company. After signed acceptance by the Contractor, any discovered damage shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor.
341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria
The acceptance criteria shall be as stated in ASME B31.3 and this specification.
Limits on imperfections shall be assessed in accordance with Table 341.3.2 with the
exception that Incomplete Penetration shall not be permitted, (symbol ‘A’ to be designated
for girth/mitre groove welds and branch connections).
341.4 Extent of Required Examination
341.4.1 Examination Normally Required
(a) Visual Examination
Delete all clauses of existing sub-section and replace as follows:
Visual examination prior to welding shall be in accordance with the provisions of

sections 328.4 and 341.3 of ASME B31.3 and this specification. All completed welds
shall be visually examined. Wherever accessible, the extent of oxidation on the root
and HAZ surfaces of single-sided welds shall be assessed for comparison with the
visual acceptance criteria of DEP 30.10.60.31-Gen.
(b) Other examination
Delete all clauses of existing sub-section and replace as follows:
The extent of examination for all butt welds shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Ultrasonic examination may supplement radiography and shall be used to interpret

doubtful indications in the radiographs. Fillet welds shall be subjected to visual, and
liquid penetrant examination at the same frequency as radiography for butt welds per
fluid service and class.
Branch connection welds shall be radiographically examined where possible. Where

radiography is not possible, ultrasonic examination shall be employed. Where
ultrasonic examination is not possible, liquid penetrant examination shall be performed
on the final weld.
The Contractor shall inform the Company of cases where neither radiography nor
ultrasonic examination can be performed and obtain written Company approval for
liquid penetrant examination to be used alone.
When random non-destructive examination is specified, the Contractor shall ensure that
a minimum of 2% of the welds made by each welder is included in the overall
percentage examined.
In-process examination shall not substitute for the specified NDE.
342 Examination Personnel

342.1 Personnel Qualification and Certification
Welding examination personnel shall hold a valid qualification of one of the following listed
below and should have previous experience of duplex stainless steel welding or have
received a period of specialised training satisfactory to the Company welding TA-2.
Acceptable qualifications for welding examiners are as follows:
• CSWIP 3.1 with 10 years experience

• AWS CWI with 10 years experience
• Other qualification agreed by the Company as equivalent to the above.
Non-destructive examination personnel shall be qualified and certificated for the method of
NDE to be carried out in accordance with ISO 9712. The roles and responsibilities of NDE
personnel shall be as defined in the levels of competence in ISO 9712. Personnel certified to
ASNT Level II in accordance with ASNT-TC-1A by examination are acceptable provided
that the certifying Level III NDE Engineer has been approved by the Company. The
Company approved Level III NDE Engineer (full time employee of NDE Company) shall
continuously (monthly) monitor the performance of NDE Personnel certified to ASNT Level
II and shall take corrective measures whenever the performance of ASNT Level II
technicians is not satisfactory.
If, in the opinion of the Company, welding examination or non-destructive examination

personnel fail to perform to a satisfactory standard they shall be disqualified from the works
until such time that it can be demonstrated by the Contractor that they have achieved a
satisfactory standard by undertaking, at the Contractor's expense, a test by a third party
agency approved by the Company.
343 Examination Procedures

Written NDE procedures covering each type of specified examination shall be prepared by
the Contractor and submitted for Company approval (by an Inspection TA-2) a minimum of

two weeks prior to test or production welding as applicable. The procedures shall be project
specific and shall show the project name and contract number. Company approval shall be
based on qualification tests, which may be conducted as part of the Welding Procedure
Qualification testing. The procedures shall incorporate the requirements of SP-1176.
344 Types of Examination

344.2 Visual Examination
344.2.2 Method
Visual examination shall be performed in accordance with a documented procedure

complying with Article 9 of ASME BPV Code Section V. The examiner shall maintain and
sign records of in-process examination. The acceptance criteria shall be as stated in Chapter
VI of ASME B31.3 and this specification.
The weld shall be at ambient temperature prior to examination.
344.3 Magnetic Particle Examination
Delete this section.
344.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination
Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed in accordance with a documented

procedure complying with Article 6 of ASME BPV Code Section V and incorporating the
requirements of SP-1176.
The acceptance criteria shall be as stated in Chapter VI of ASME B31.3 and this
specification. The technician and the Contractor's Welding Co-ordinator shall sign and
endorse the report form before presenting it to the Company. When approved by the
Company, the Company representative shall sign and endorse the report form.
PT shall be performed with the weld at ambient temperature.
344.5 Radiographic Examination
344.5.3 Method
Radiographic examination shall be performed in accordance with a documented procedure

complying with Article 2 of ASME BPV Code Section V and incorporating the
requirements of SP-1176.
The primary method of radiography shall be by X-ray. Gamma radiography shall not be
used for wall thicknesses less than 10mm. Where the use of X-radiography is agreed by the
Company to be impracticable, a gamma source may be considered subject to meeting the
specified minimum sensitivity requirements.
Only Class 1 film (D4 or equivalent) shall be used for radiography performed to this
specification. Sensitivity shall be 2% or better. IQIs shall be wire type, of stainless steel or
equivalent.

The Contractor shall qualify the radiographic testing procedure prior to testing production
welds by producing radiographs that comply with this specification. These shall be retained
for reference during production and should be suitable both for confirmation of radiographic
quality and for assessment of questionable root profile features (weld protrusion, concavity
etc.) from density measurements. Radiographic testing procedure qualification may be
undertaken on test welds produced for welding procedure qualification.
The acceptance criteria shall be as stated in Chapter VI of ASME B31.3 and section 341.3.2
of this specification. The technician and the Contractor's Welding Examiner shall sign and
endorse the report form prior to presenting it and the radiographs to the Company. When
approved by the Company, the Company representative who interpreted the radiographs
shall sign and endorse the report form.
Radiography shall be performed with the weld at ambient temperature.
344.6 Ultrasonic Examination
Delete existing section entirely and replace as follows:
Ultrasonic examination for laminations and weld discontinuities shall be performed in

accordance with documented procedures complying with Article 5 of ASME BPV Code
Section V and incorporating the requirements of SP-1176. The acceptance criteria shall be
as stated in Chapter VI and 344.6.2 of ASME B31.3 for welds and 328.4.2(a)(4) of this
specification for laminations. The technician and the Contractor's Welding Examiner shall
sign and endorse the report form before presenting it to the Company. When approved by
the Company, the Company representative shall sign and endorse the report form.
Ultrasonic examination shall be performed with the weld at ambient temperature.
345 Testing
345.1 Required Leak Test
Add the following:
Before hydro-test relevant pipe spool weld history records stating all the information as
detailed in 346.1 shall be verified by the Contractor Quality Assurance Engineer and
approved by the company TA-3. Clearance to proceed with testing shall be obtained from
the Company TA-3 before hydro-test.
346 Records
346.1 Documentation
The Contractor shall be responsible for compiling the following document packages which
shall be submitted to the Company upon completion of the works:
(a) Pre-production
• Copy of approved Welding Procedure Register

• Weld plan/map
• Copies of approved WPSs
• Copies of approved repair WPSs
• Copies of all supporting PQRs
• List of approved welders and their identification

• List of PDO welders' cards

• Copies of the PDO welders' cards
• List of approved NDE operators
• Copies of NDE operator qualification certificates
• List of company approved deviations to ASME B31.3 and this specification
• Copies of Company approved deviations to ASME B31.3 and this specification
• List of consumable batch certificates
• Copies of consumable batch certificates
• List of materials certificates
• Copies of materials certificates
• List of test equipment
• Copies of calibration certificates
(b) Post-production
• Certificate of Compliance
• List of as built drawings
• As built drawings showing unique weld numbers
• List of weld history sheets, weld map
• Copies of weld history sheets which shall show for each weld;
- Weld number
- Isometric and line number
- Material specifications and identification
- The WPS employed
- Welders' identity symbols
- Date welded
- Visual inspection disposition
- NDE reports where applicable (to be attached to weld history sheet)
- Type of repair, if applicable, and WPS
- NDE reports for repairs (to be attached to weld history sheet)
- PWHT if applicable (chart to be attached to weld history sheet)
- Batch number of consumables employed
• Radiographs - indexed and stored in a fireproof container
• List of site test records
• Copies of site test records
• List of non-conformances/corrective actions issued during external or internal audits.
• Copies of non-conformances/corrective actions issued during external or internal
audits.
347 Certificate of Conformity

On satisfactory completion of the piping work, the Contractor (or Manufacturer) shall issue
a declaration of compliance with this specification. The format of “Declaration of
Compliance” is shown in appendix E. The “Declaration of Compliance” shall be signed by
the Contractor‘s QA/QC In-charge who is approved by the Company for the contract.

Table 1 Extent of Non-Destructive Testing for Welds
Fluid Service ANSI Type of Examination

Class
Visual RT PT
Category M, Liquid Gas, All 100% 100% 100%
Hydrogen Service (>7 bar)
All other services 150 - 300 100% 100% 10%
≥ 600 100% 100% 100%


Figure 1 Hardness Indent Locations
1.5 +- 0.5 mm
X X XXX X X X XXX X X
0.5t
1.5+- 0.5 mm
Hardness indentations in the HAZ spaced at 0.5mm
One indentation of every set of 3 shall be as close to the fusion line as

possible but shall not intersect it
1.5 +- 0.5 mm
0.5 X LEG LENGTH

Figure 2 Orientation and Location of Charpy Impact Specimens
_ 20mm
t< Notch
t 2mm
Weld metal specimen
C/L
Specimen axis
_ 20mm
t<
Notch
2mm
FL + 2
FL
Heat affected zone specimens
C/L
2mm
t > 20mm
2mm
Weld metal specimens
C/L
FL 2mm
FL + 2
t > 20mm
FL + 2 2mm
FL
Heat affected zone specimens

Appendix C References
In this specification, reference is made to the following publications:
Note: Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used together with any
amendments.
PDO Standards
Technical Authorities System ERD-00-02
Guidelines for the Approval of Contractors for the Fabrication of GU-225
Duplex Stainless Steel
Guideline for Granting Technical Authority System GU-272
Quality Assurance Specification for Engineering Works SP-1171
Methods for Non-Destructive Examination SP-1176
Shell Group Standards
Oxidation of Stainless Steel Weldments DEP 30.10.60.31-Gen
Welded and seamless duplex and super duplex stainless steel line DEP 31.40.20.34-Gen
pipe (Amendments/supplements to API Spec. 5LC)
American Standards
Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping, 2002 Edition ASME B31.3
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Non-Destructive ASME V
Examination
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding And Brazing ASME IX
Qualifications
Recommended Practice for Non-Destructive Testing Personnel ASNT SNT-TC-1A
Qualification and Certification
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of ASTM A370
Steel Products
Methods of Preparation of Metallographic Specimens ASTM E3
Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E92
Standard Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by ASTM E562
Systematic Manual Point Count
Standard Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance ASTM G48
of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by the Use of Ferric Chloride
Solution
Standard Procedures for Calibrating Magnetic Instruments AWS 4.2
Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines AWS 5.01
Specification for Welding Shielding Gases AWS 5.32
Sulphide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials for Oilfield NACE MR0175
Equipment
International Standards

Quality requirements for welding - Fusion welding of metallic ISO 3834-2 (Note 2)
materials - Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements
Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in design, ISO 9001:2000
development, production, installation and servicing.
Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of personnel ISO 9712
Welding consumables - Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting ISO 14175
Welding Co-ordination - Tasks and Responsibilities ISO 14731 (Note 1)
Note 1 Also published as EN 719

Note 2 Also published as EN 729

Appendix D Determination of the Volume Fraction of Ferrite

in Duplex Stainless Steel by Systematic Point Count
1. Scope
This Appendix is taken from Appendix 2 of DEP 31.40.20.34-Gen and specifies the
requirements for estimating the volume fraction of delta ferrite in duplex stainless steel by
systematic point counting on transverse metallographic sections. The procedure is a specific
interpretation of ASTM E562, which should be referenced for additional background and
definition of detail as noted.
2. Basis of Method
The method involves the superimposition of a test grid over an image, produced by an
optical light microscope, of the appropriate microstructural area. The number of grid points
falling within delta ferrite are counted and divided by the total number of grid points, to
yield a point fraction which represents an estimate of the volume fraction of delta ferrite
present within the field of view. The average point fraction taken over a number of
appropriately selected fields gives an estimate of the volume fraction within the region
sampled.
3. Terminology
i. Point count - the number of grid points which lie within areas of a specific phase (in
this case delta ferrite).
ii. Point fraction (Pp) - the point count divided by the total number of points in the test
grid.
iii. Volume fraction (Vv) - the volume of a specific phase per unit volume, expressed as
a fraction.
4. Test Piece Preparation
Planar sections shall be taken through the parent material or the weldment, as relevant.
Sections shall be perpendicular to the material surface and transverse to the welding
direction, when relevant, from the locations specified in Part II - 5.1 of this DEP. Each weld
sample shall section the whole of the weldment and HAZ and an area of parent material on
either side of the weld. Preparation of the test pieces shall be in accordance with standard
metallographic techniques, such as described in ASTM E3. It is recommended that the last
grinding stage should be with 600 grit, or finer, abrasive and the final polish should be with
1µm, or finer, abrasive, e.g. diamond paste.
The test piece shall be etched electrolytically in 40% KOH solution, i.e. 400 g KOH in 1000
ml of solution made with distilled water. Etching shall be carried out in a container of
sufficient size to allow immersion of the test piece in the etch at a distance of ≤100 mm from
the platinum cathode. Electrical contact between the test piece and power source may be
made by means of a suitably shaped conducting probe.
Acceptable contrast may be obtained at an anode/cathode voltage that generates a current

density of 1 amp/cm2 for a period of 2-5 seconds, but trials may be necessary to determine
the most appropriate conditions for a particular test piece. It may be noted that the contrast
between the delta ferrite and austenite phases will probably vary through the weldment.

5. Area Selection
The areas in which measurements have been made shall be specified precisely, as should the
exact measurement locations. The weld pass shall be stated, e.g. root, cap, fill - preferably
with a number, as shall the area which has been measured, i.e. weld metal, HAZ or parent
material. Where possible it should be indicated whether the area has been re-heated or is as-
deposited. Any uncertainty shall be noted. The location of measurements shall be recorded
on a sketch or photograph of the section.
6. Apparatus
An optical light microscope which projects an image of the magnified micro-structure onto a
viewing screen shall be used, preferably with graduated x and y translation controls. The
magnification shall be selected such that the ferrite particles have an average dimension
approximately one half of the grid point spacing. This should be judged visually in more
than one field of view, before measurements are made.
NOTE: For many weldment microstructures, particularly in re-heated areas, a magnification in the
range x 500 - x 1000 is suitable.
The test grid shall be marked on a transparent sheet which shall be superimposed on the
magnified image of the microstructure. The grid shall consist of a square array of equally
spaced points, produced by the intersection of fine parallel lines (maximum width 0.3 mm),
and shall have 16 or 25 points. It is recommended that the spacing of the points should be 10
mm along both directions parallel to the edges of the square grid, e.g. as in Figure. D2.1. At
a magnification of x 1000 this corresponds to a point spacing on the actual microstructure of
10 µm.
7. Procedure
Superimpose the test grid on the magnified image of the microstructure in the chosen area of
the parent material or weldment.
Count the number of points which lie within the delta ferrite phase; any points which cannot
be assigned positively to either phase shall be counted as one half. Delta ferrite is the phase
which is stained dark by the etch, although its colour may vary significantly throughout the
weldment. The austenite phase remains light coloured in all areas after etching.
The test piece shall then be moved by a small amount in x and/or y so that another field is
chosen. A second point count shall be performed in the new field, provided that this field of
view still falls within the specified region of the parent material or weldment. If the field of
view falls outside the area of interest the specimen shall be moved back, without rotating, to
an appropriate position within the specified area. Where possible the test piece should be
moved without looking at the micro-structure in order to avoid bias in the choice of fields. It
is recommended that the use of overlapping fields be avoided. This process shall be
continued until a minimum of 400 points have been counted.
When measurements are being made within the coarse grained HAZ, the operator shall first
assess whether the test grid can be superimposed over an area which is entirely within the
coarse grained HAZ. This can be done simply by attempting to fit the grid within a single
coarse grain. If the grid size is less than the grain size, then the technique described above
shall be used. If the whole grid is too large, a smaller area of the grid shall be used, by
ignoring one or more whole rows of grid points. The area chosen may be either square or
rectangular. If a rectangular grid is used, the specimen shall be rotated so that the long axis
of the rectangle is kept parallel to the fusion boundary.
Measurements in the coarse grained HAZ shall be made within 0.2 mm of the fusion line.

The volume fraction, as defined by ASTM E 562, of delta ferrite shall be estimated by
taking an average of the point fractions counted in each of the n fields as follows:
1
VV = Pp = ∑ Pp (i) (equation 1)
n
where (i) is the field number.
The 95% confidence interval (CI), as defined by ASTM E 562, shall be calculated as
follows:
2.0s
95%CI = (equation 2)
n−1
where
1 2 0.5 (equation 3)
s = ( ∑ [Pp (i)−Pp ] )
n −1
The accuracy of the technique shall comply with the allowable errors specified in Table
D2.1 where the error is as defined in ASTM E 562.
8. Reporting
The following details shall be included in the point counting report:
i. The number of sections taken from the weld.

ii. The locations of sections taken along the weld.
iii. The polishing procedure and etching conditions.
iv. The magnification used.
v. The number of points and shape of the grid.
vi. Whether the fields were chosen randomly or at regular intervals. If regular intervals
were employed, report the spacings used.
vii. The location of the areas in which measurements were made, preferably on sketch or
photograph and in words, specifying parent metal or the weld pass, the region of the
weld pass (i.e. weld metal or HAZ) and, where practical, whether the area was re-
heated or not. Any uncertainty should be indicated.
viii. A list of the point fractions of delta ferrite in each field.
ix. An estimate of the volume fraction of delta ferrite, calculated as the average of the
point fractions.
x. The calculated value of the 95% CI.
xi. Stage of manufacture, i.e. procedure qualification, production test, etc.
xii. Location of sample and heat number.
xiii. Statement of conformance with specified ferrite content.
xiv. Signature of operator responsible for ferrite determination.

Figure D2.1 Two grid types suitable for systematic manual point counting of delta
ferrite in duplex stainless steel
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + +
Table D2.1 Allowable error in ferrite/austenite determination

Volume % Error
45-50 ± 10%
40-45 ± 11%
35-40
± 12%
0-35
± 14%

Appendix E Certificate of Compliance
DECLARATION/CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE FOR PIPING

FABRICATION AND INSTALLATION
Description of piping
Identification no./Drawing No.
Installed by:
For:
Design conditions:
Design temperature:
Medium contained:
Designed by:
We hereby declare that above piping work has been fabricated, installed, examined
and tested in accordance with this SP-1096
Company:
Signature
(Name, position, date)

PROJECT QA/QC IN-CHARGE
Specimen of declaration/certificate of compliance for piping work fabrication and installation

User Comment Form

User Comment Form
If you find something that is incorrect, ambiguous or could be better in this Specification, write your
comments and suggestions on this form. Send the form to the Document Control Section (DCS). They make a
record of your comment and send the form to the correct CFDH. The form has spaces for your personal
details. This lets DCS or the CFDH ask you about your comments and tell you about the decision.
Procedure Details Title: Issue Date:
Number:
Page Number: Heading Number: Figure Number:
Comments:
Suggestions:
User’s personal details

Name: Ref. Signature: Date:
Ind.:
Phone:
Document Control Section Actions
Comment Date: CFDH
Number: Ref. Ind.:
Recd.: To CFDH:
CFDH Actions
Recd. Decision: Inits.: Ref. Date:
Date: Ind.:
Reject:
Accept, revise at next issue:
Accept, issue temporary amendment
Comments:
Originator Date: Inits.: Document Date: Inits.:

Advised: Control
Section
Advised:

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UNRESTRICTED Document ID : SP-1096

Specification for Welding of Duplex

(Amendments/Supplements to ASME B31.3)

Authorised For Issue

Version No. Date Author Scope / Remarks

SP-1096 i December 2004

2. Specification for Welding Duplex Stainless Steel.............................................................. 2

Appendix A Glossary of Definitions, Terms and Abbreviations.......................................... 3

Appendix B Amendments/Supplements to ASME B31.3 ..................................................... 6

Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly and Erection ................................................................... 6

328 Welding ........................................................................................................................... 6

December 2004 ii SP-1096

330.1.1 Requirements and Recommendations............................................................22

331 Heat Treatment ............................................................................................................23

332 Bending and Forming ..................................................................................................23

333 Brazing and Soldering..................................................................................................23

336 Handling and Storage ..................................................................................................23

Chapter VI Inspection, Examination and Testing...............................................................25

340 Inspection .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

342 Examination Personnel ................................................................................................26

343 Examination Procedures..............................................................................................26

344 Types of Examination ..................................................................................................27

345 Testing ...........................................................................................................................28

SP-1096 iii December 2004

347 Certificate of Conformity ............................................................................................ 29

Table 1 Extent of Non-Destructive Testing for Welds ........................................................ 30

Figure 1 Hardness Indent Locations .............................................................................. 32

Figure 2 Orientation and Location of Charpy Impact Specimens .............................. 33

Appendix D Determination of the Volume Fraction of Ferrite in Duplex Stainless Steel by

Appendix E Certificate of Compliance................................................................................. 40

User Comment Form .............................................................................................................. 41

December 2004 iv SP-1096

1.2 Changes to the Specification

1.3 Effective Period

1.4 Review and Improvement

1.5 Process Owner's Responsibility

December 2004 Page 1 SP-1096

2. Specification for Welding Duplex Stainless Steel

2.1 Specification Requirements

2.2 Process Deliverables

2.3 Performance Levels / Indicators

2.4 Performance Monitoring

December 2004 Page 2 SP-1096

Appendix A Glossary of Definitions, Terms and Abbreviations

Company Petroleum Developmant Oman LLC. The Company will

User The Company, Consultant or Contractor who uses this

shall Indicates a requirement. Any deviation to a requirement shall be

should Indicates a recommendation. A deviation to a recommendation

may Indicates a possible course of action.

Batch or Lot As defined in AWS A5.01, Clause 5 (Classification) and

Duplex Stainless Steel A chromium-nickel-molybdenum stainless steel containing a

Nominal Thickness Nominal thickness t shall have the following meanings:

- butt joint; parent metal thickness, which for joints between

Owner Term used in ASME B31.3 that shall be understood to mean

December 2004 Page 3 SP-1096

Verified copy A photocopy of an original document which has been re-

a Throat Thickness of Fillet Weld

ASNT American Society for Non-destructive Testing

CFDH Corporate Functional Discipline Head

AWS American Welding Society

CSWIP Certification Scheme for Welding Inspection Personnel

D Nominal Outside Diameter