EC2010

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Solved Paper
GATE EC 2010
.in
Q. No. 1-25 Carry one mark each.
1. The eigen values of a skew-symmetric matrix are
(A) always zero

(C) either zero or pure imaginary
co
(B) always pure imaginary
(D) always real
2. The trigonometric Fourier series for the waveform f (t ) shown below contains
a.
f(t)
A
di
0 t
-2A
no
(A) only cosine terms and zero values for the dc components
(B) only cosine terms and a positive value for the dc components
(C) only cosine terms and a negative value for the dc component
(D) only sine terms and a negative for the dc components
d 2 n (x ) n (x )
3. A function n (x ) satisfied the differential equation - 2 = 0,
dx 2 L
where L is a constant. The boundary conditions are: n (0) = K and n(¥) = 0.
The solution to this equation is
(A) n (x ) = K exp(x / L)
(B) n (x ) = K exp(-x / L )
(C) n (x ) = K 2 exp(-x / L)
(D) n (x ) = K exp(-x / L)
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK
4. For the two-port network shown below, the short-circuit admittance
parameter matrix is
0.5 W
0.5 W 0.5 W
é 4 -2ù é 1 -0.5ù
(A) ê úS (B) ê úS
ê-2 4 ú ê-0.5 1 ú
ë û ë û
é 1 0.5ù é4 2ù
(C) ê úS (D) ê úS
ê 0.5 1 ú ê2 4ú
ë û ë û
.in
5. For parallel RLC circuit, which one of the following statements is NOT
correct
co
(A) The bandwidth of the circuit decreases if R is increased
(B) The bandwidth of the circuit remains same if L is increased
(C) At resonance, input impedance is a real quantity
a.
(D) At resonance, the magnitude of input impedance attains its minimum
values.
di
6. At room temperature, a possible value for the mobility of electrons in the

inversion layer of a silicon n-channel MOSFET is
no
(A) 450 cm 2 /V-s (B) 1350 cm 2 /V-s

(C) 1800 cm 2 /V-s (D) 3600 cm 2 /V-s
7. Thin gate oxide in a CMOS process in preferably grown using
(A) wet oxidation

(B) dry oxidation
(C) epitaxial oxidation
(D) ion implantation
8. In the silicon BJT circuit shown below, assume that the emitter area of
transistor Q1 is half that of transistor Q2
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GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK
R=9.3 kW
Io
Q1 Q2
-10 V
The value of current I 0 is approximately
(A) 0.5 mA (B) 2 mA

(C) 9.3 mA (D) 15 mA
9. The amplifier circuit shown below uses a silicon transistor. The capacitors C c
.in
and C E can be assumed to be short at signal frequency and effect of output
resistance r0 can be ignored. If C E is disconnected from the circuit, which one
of the following statements is true
=9 V co
=
a.
vs
~ CE
di
Ri
no
(A) The input resistance Ri increases and magnitude of voltage gain AV

decreases
(B) The input resistance Ri decreases and magnitude of voltage gain AV
increases
(C) Both input resistance Ri and magnitude of voltage gain AV decrease
(D) Both input resistance Ri and the magnitude of voltage gain AV increase
10. Assuming the OP-AMP to be ideal, the voltage gain of the amplifier shown
below is
R1
Vo
Vi
R2
R3
3 PAGE
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK R2 R3
(A) - (B) -
R1 R1
R2 ||R3 æçR + R ö÷
3 ÷
(C) - (D) -çç 2 ÷
R1 ççè R1 ÷÷ø
11. Match the logic gates in Column A with their equivalents in Column B
1.
P.
2.
Q.
.in
3.
R.
4
S.
co
(A) P-2, Q-4, R-1, S-3
(B) P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3
a.
(C) P-2, Q-4, R-3, S-1
(D) P-4, Q-2, R-3, S-1
di
12. For the output F to be 1 in the logic circuit shown, the input combination
should be
A
no
(A) A = 1, B = 1,C = 0
(B) A = 1, B = 0,C = 0
(C) A = 0, B = 1,C = 0
(D) A = 0, B = 0,C = 1
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GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK
13. In the circuit shown, the device connectedY5 can have address in the range
A8 A
A9 B
Y5 To device
A10 C
chip select
74LS138
3-to-8 decoder
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15 G1
GND
.in
(A) 2000-20FF (B) 2D00-2DFF
(C) 2E00-2EFF (D) FD00-FDFF
14.
z-transform x [n ] is
co
Consider the z-transform x (z ) = 5z 2 + 4z -1 + 3; 0 < z < ¥. The inverse
(A) 5d[n + 2] + 3d[n ] + 4d[n - 1] (B) 5d[n - 2] + 3d[n ] + 4d[n + 1]

a.
(C) 5u[n + 2] + 3u[n ] + 4u[n - 1] (D) 5u[n - 2] + 3u[n ] + 4u[n + 1]
15. Two discrete time system with impulse response h1 [n ] = d[n - 1] and
di
h 2 [n ] = d[n - 2] are connected in cascade. The overall impulse response of the

cascaded system is
no
(A) d[n - 1] + d[n - 2] (B) d[n - 4]

(C) d[n - 3] (D) d[n - 1]d[n - 2]
16. For a N-point FET algorithm N = 2 which one of the following statements
m
is TRUE
(A) It is not possible to construct a signal flow graph with both input and
output in normal order
(B) The number of butterflies in the m th stage in N/m
(C) In- place computation requires storage of only 2N data
(D) Computation of a butterfly requires only one complex multiplication.
17. The transfer function Y (s ) / R(s ) of the system shown is
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ROUGH WORK +
R(s) Y(s)
–
1
(A) 0 (B)
s +1
2 2
(C) (D)
s +1 s+3
Y (s ) s
18. A system with transfer function = has an output
X (s ) s + p
y (t ) = cos(2t - p3 ) for the input signal x (t ) = p cos(2t - p2 ), then, the system
.in
parameter p is
2
(A) 3 (B)
co 3
3
(C) 1 (D)
2
19. For the asymptotic Bode magnitude plot shown below, the system transfer
a.
function can be
Magnitude (dB)
40
di
0 w
0.1 10 1000
no
10s + 1 100s + 1
(A) (B)
0.1s + 1 0.1s + 1
100s 0.1s + 1
(C) (D)
10s + 1 10s + 1
20. Suppose that the modulating signal is m(t ) = 2 cos(2pfm t ) and the carrier
signal is x c (t ) = Ac cos(2pfc t ), which one of the following is a conventional AM
signal without over-modulation
(A) x (t ) = Ac m(t ) cos(2pfc t )

(B) x (t ) = Ac [ 1 + m(t )] cos(2pfc t )
A
(C) x (t ) = Ac cos(2pfc t ) + c m(t ) cos(2pfc t )
4
(D) x (t ) = Ac cos(2pfm t ) cos(2pfc t ) + Ac sin(2pfm t ) sin(2pfc t )
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ROUGH WORK
21. Consider an angle modulated signal
x (t ) = 6 cos[2p ´ 10 6 t + 2 sin(800pt ) + 4 cos(800pt )
The average power of x (t ) is
(A) 10 W (B) 18 W
(C) 20 W (D) 28 W
22. If the scattering matrix [S ] of a two port network is

é 0.2Ð 0° 0.9Ð90°ù
[S ] = ê ú , then the network is
ê 0.9Ð90° 0.1Ð90°ú
ë û
(A) lossless and reciprocal (B) lossless but not reciprocal

(C) not lossless but reciprocal (D) neither lossless nor reciprocal
.in
23. A transmission line has a characteristic impedance of 50W and a resistance of
0.1W / m. If the line is distortion less, the attenuation constant(in Np/m) is
(A) 500
(C) 0.014
co
(B) 5
(D) 0.002
24. Consider the pulse shape s (t ) as shown. The impulse response h(t ) of the filter
a.
matched to this pulse is
s(t)
di
1
no
t
0 T
h(t) h(t)
1 1 1
0 t t
-T 0 T
(A) (B)
h(t) h(t)
1 1
t t
0 T 0 T 2T
(C) (D)
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ROUGH WORK
25. The electric field component of a time harmonic plane EM wave traveling in
a nonmagnetic lossless dielectric medium has an amplitude of 1 V/m. If the
relative permittivity of the the medium is 4, the magnitude of the time-
average power density vector (in W/m 2 ) is
1 1
(A) (B)
30p 60p
1 1
(C) (D)
120p 240p
Q. No. 26-51 carry two marks each.
26. If e = x , then y has a

y 1/ x
.in
(A) maximum at x = e (B) minimum at x = e
(C) maximum at x = e -1 (D) minimum at x = e -1
27. A fair coin is tossed independently four times. The probability of the event
co
"the number of time heads shown up is more than the number of times
tail shown up"
1 1
(A) (B)
a.
16 8
1 5
(C) (D)
4 16
di
® ® ®
Ù 2 Ù
28. If A = xy a x + x ay , then ò A.dl over the path shown in the figure is
C
no
1 C
2
(A) 0 (B)
3
(C) 1 (D) 2 3
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GATE ECE 2010
1 - 2z ROUGH WORK
29. The residues of a complex function x (z ) = at its poles are
z (z - 1)(z - 2)
1 1 1 1
(A) ,- and 1 (B) ,- and -1
2 2 2 2
1 3 1 3
(C) ,-1 and - (D) ,-1 and
2 2 2 2
dy (x )
30. Consider differential equation - y (x ) = x , with the initial condition
dx
y(0) = 0. Using Euler's first order method with a step size of 0.1, the value of
y(0.3) is
(A) 0.01 (B) 0.031
.in
(C) 0.0631 (D) 0.1
é 3s + 1 ù
31. Given f (t ) = L êê ú . If lim f (t ) = 1, then the value of K is
-1
ë s + 4s + (k - 3)s úû
3 2 t®¥
(A) 1
co
(B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
a.
32. In the circuit shown, the switch S is open for a long time and is closed at
t = 0. The current i(t ) for t ³ 0 + is
10 W
di
S t=0
10 W
1.5 A 15 mH
no
i(t) 10 W
(A) i(t ) = 0.5 - 0.125e -1000t A (B) i(t ) = 1.5 - 0.125e -1000t A
(C) i(t ) = 0.5 - 0.5e -1000t A (D) i(t ) = 0.375e -1000t A
33. The current I in the circuit shown is

20 mH 1W
V
~ I 1W
(A) -j1 A (B) j1 A

(C) 0 A (D) 20 A
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34. In the circuit shown, the power supplied by the voltage source is
1W
1W 1W
10 V
1A
2A
1W
1W
(A) 0 W (B) 5 W
(C) 10 W (D) 100 W
.in
35. In a uniformly doped BJT, assume that N E , N B and N C are the emitter, base
and collector doping in atoms/cm 3 , respectively. If the emitter injection
efficiency of the BJT is close unity, which one of the following condition is
TRUE
co
(A) N E = N B = N C (B) N E >> N B and N B > N C
(C) N E = N B and N B < N C (D) N E < N B < N C
a.
36. Compared to a p-n junction with N A = N D = 10 / cm , which one of the
14 3
following statements is TRUE for a p-n junction with N A = N D = 10 20 / cm 3

di
(A) Reverse breakdown voltage is lower and depletion capacitance is lower

(B) Reverse breakdown voltage is higher and depletion capacitance is lower
no
(C) Reverse breakdown voltage is lower and depletion capacitance is higher

(D) Reverse breakdown voltage is lower and depletion capacitance is higher
37. Assuming that the flip-flop are in reset condition initially, the count sequence
observed at QA , in the circuit shown is
output
DA QA DB QB DC QC
QA QB QC
Clock
(A) 0010111... (B) 0001011...

(C) 0101111... (D) 0110100....
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ROUGH WORK
38. The transfer characteristic for the precision rectifier circuit shown below is
(assume ideal OP-AMP and practical diodes)
+20 V R
D2
4R
Vi D1
R Vo
vo vo
10
.in
5
v1 v1
-10 -5 0 -10 -5 0
(A) co (B)
vo vo
10
a.
5
v1 v1
0 +5 0 +5
di
(C) (D)
39. The Boolean function realized by the logic circuit shown is

no
C I0
D I1
4:1
Y F(A,B,C,D)
MUX
I2
I3 S1 S0
A B
(A) F = å m(0, 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 14)

(B) F = å m(2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13)
(C) F = å m(1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 14, 15)
(D) F = å m(2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12)
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ROUGH WORK
40. For the 8085 assembly language program given below, the content of the
accumulator after the execution of the program is
3000 MVI A, 45 H
3002 MOV B, A
3003 STC
3004 CMC
3005 RAR
3006 XRA B
(A) 00H (B) 45H

(C) 67H (D) E 7H
41. A2 continuous time LTI system is described by
.in
d y (t ) dy (t ) dx (t )
2
+4 + 3y (t ) = 2 + 4x (t )
dt dt dt
Assuming zero initial conditions, the response y (t ) of the above system for the
input x (t ) = e -2t u(t ) is given by
co
(A) (e t - e 3t )u(t ) (B) (e -t - e -3t )u(t )
(C) (e -t + e -3t )u(t ) (D) (e t + e 3t )u(t )
a.
42. The transfer function of a discrete time LTI system is given by
3
2 - z -1
H (z ) = 4
3 1
di
1 - z -1 + z -2
4 8
Consider the following statements:
S1: The system is stable and casual for ROC: z > 1 / 2
no
S2: The system is stable but nor causal for ROC: z < 1 / 4
S3: The system is neither stable nor causal for ROC: 1 / 4 < z < 1 / 2
Which one of the following statements is valid
(A) Both S1 and S2 are true (B) Both S2 and S3 are true
(C) Both S1 and S3 are true (D) S1, S2 and S3 are all true
43. The Nyquist sampling rate for the signal

sin(500pt ) sin(700pt )
s (t ) = ´ is given by
pt pt
(A) 400 Hz (B) 600 Hz

(C) 1200 Hz (D) 1400 Hz
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ROUGH WORK
44. A unity negative feedback closed loop system has a plant with the transfer
1
function G (s ) = and a controller Gc (S ) in the feed forward path.
s + 2s + 2
2
For a unit set input, the transfer function of the controller that gives
minimum steady state error is
s +1 s +2
(A) Gc (S ) = (B) Gc (S ) =
s +2 s +1
(s + 1)(s + 4) 2
(C) Gc (S ) = (D) Gc (S ) = 1 + + 3s
(s + 2)(s + 3) s
45. X (t ) is a stationary process with the power spectral density S X (f ) > 0, for all
f . The process is passed through a system shown below
Let SY (f ) be the power spectral density of Y (t ). Which one of the following
.in
statements is correct
X(t) co Y(t)
Delay =0.5 mS
(A) SY (f ) > 0 for all f

a.
(B) SY (f ) = 0 for f > 1 kHz
(C) SY (f ) = 0 for f = nf 0 , f 0 = 2 kHz, n any integer
di
(D) SY (f ) = 0 for f = (2n + 1)f 0 = 1 kHz, n any integer
46. ®
A plane wave
having the electric field components
Ù
E i = 24 cos(3´ 10 - by ) a z V/m and traveling in free space is incident
no
normally on a lossless medium with m = m 0 and e = 9e 0 which occupies the

region y ³ 0. The reflected magnetic field component is given by
1 Ù
(A) cos(3´ 10 8 t + y ) a x A/m
10p
1 Ù
(B) cos(3´ 10 8 t + y ) a x A/m
20p
1 Ù
(C)- cos(3´ 10 8 t + y ) a x A/m
20p
1 Ù
(D)- cos(3´ 10 8 t + y ) a x A/m
10p
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47. In the circuit shown, all the transmission line sections are lossless. The
Voltage Standing Wave Ration(VSWR) on the 60 W line is
(A) 1.00 (B) 1.64

(C) 2.50 (D) 3.00
Common Data Questions: 48 & 49 :
.in
Consider the common emitter amplifier shown below with the following circuit
parameters:
b = 100, g m = 0.3861 A/V, ro = 259W, RS = 1 kW, RB = 93 kW, RC = 250 kW,

co
RL = 1 kW, C 1 = ¥ and C 2 = 4.7 mF
48. The resistance seen by the source vS is

a.
(A) 258 W (B) 1258 W
(C) 93 kW (D) ¥
di
49. The lower cut-off frequency due to C 2 is

no
(A) 33.9 Hz (B) 27.1 Hz

(C) 13.6 Hz (D) 16.9 Hz
Common Data Question : 50& 51 :
The signal flow graph of a system is shown below:

1
2 1/s 1/s 0.5

U(s) 1 Y(s)
-1
-1
50. The state variable representation of the system can be

é 1 1ù é 0ù é-1 1ù é 0ù
x& = ê úx + ê úu x& = ê úx + ê úu
(A) ê-1 0ú ê2ú (B) ê-1 0ú ê2ú
ë û ë û ë û ë û
y& = [0 0.5]x y& = [0 0.5]x
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é 1 1ù é 0ù é-1 1ù é 0ù ROUGH WORK

x& = ê úx + ê úu x& = ê úx + ê úu
(C) ê-1 0ú ê2ú (D) ê-1 0ú ê2ú
ë û ë û ë û ë û
y& = [0.5 0.5]x y& = [0.5 0.5]x
51. The transfer function of the system is

s +1 s -1
(A) (B)
s2 +1 s2 +1
s +1 s -1
(C) 2 (D) 2
s +s +1 s +s +1
Linked Answer Questions: Q. 52 to Q.55
.in
Statements for Linked Answer Question :52& 53 :
The silicon sample with unit cross-sectional area shown below is in thermal
equilibrium. The following information is given: T = 300 K, electronic charge
= 1.6 ´ 1019 C, thermal voltage= 26 mV and electron mobility=1350 cm 2 /V-s
1V
co
a.
x=0
di
52. The magnitude of the electric field at x = 0.5 mm is

no
(A) 1 kV/cm (B) 5 kV/cm

(C) 10 kV/cm (D) 26 kV/cm
53. The magnitude of the electron of the electron drift current density at
x = 0.5 mm is
(A) 2.16 ´ 10 4 A/cm 2 (B) 1.08 ´ 10 4 A/cm 2

(C) 4.32 ´ 10 3 A/cm 2 (D) 6.48 ´ 10 2 A/cm 2
Statement for linked Answer Question : 54&55 :
Consider a baseband binary PAM receiver shown below. The additive channel noise
n (t ) is with power spectral density Sn (f ) = N 0 / 2 = 10-20 W/Hz. The low-pass filter
is ideal with unity gain and cut-off frequency 1 MHz. LetYk represent the random
variable y (tk ).
YK = N K , if transmitted bit bk = 0
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YK = a + N K if transmitted bit bK = 1
where N K represents the noise sample value. The noise sample has a probability
density function,PNk (n ) = 0.5ae - a n (This has mean zero and variance 2 / a 2 ).
Assume transmitted bits to be equiprobable and threshold z is set to a / 2 = 10-6 V
n(t)
r(t)
x(t) y(t)
LPF S/H
Sampling Threshold
time z
Receiver
-1
54. The value of the parameter a(in V ) is
.in
(A) 1010 (B) 10 7
(C) 1.414 ´ 10-10 (D) 2 ´ 10-20
55. The probability of bit error is

co
(A) 0.5 é -3. 5 (B) 0.5 é -5
(C) 0.5 é -7 (C) 0.5 é -10
a.
Q. No. 56-60 Carry One Mark Each :
56. Which of the following options is closest in meaning to the world below:
di
(A) Cyclic (B) Indirect

(C) Confusing (D) Crooked
no
57. The question below consists of a pair of related words followed by four pairs
of words. Select the pair that best expresses the relation in the original pair
Unemployed: Worker
(A) fallow: land (B) unaware: sleeper

(C) wit : jester (D) renovated : house
58. Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete
the following sentence;
If we manage to ____ our natural resources, we would leave a better planet
for our children.
(A) uphold (B) restrain

(C) Cherish (D) conserve
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ROUGH WORK
59. Choose the most appropriate word from the options given below to complete
the following sentence:
His rather casual remarks on politics ___ his lack of seriousness about the
subject
(A) masked (B) belied

(C) betrayed (D) suppressed
60. 25 persons are in a room, 15 of them play hockey, 17 of them football and 10
of them play both hockey and football. Then the number of persons playing
neither hockey nor football is ;
(A) 2 (B) 17
.in
(C) 13 (D) 3
Q. No. 61-65 Carry Two Marks Each

co
61. Modern warfare has changed from large scale clashes of armies to suppression
of civilian populations. Chemical agents that do their work silently appear to
be suited to such warfare; and regretfully, there exist people in military
establishments who think that chemical agents are useful tools for their
a.
cause.
Which of the following statements best sums up the meaning of the above
passage :
di
(A) Modern warfare has resulted in civil strife.

(B) Chemical agents are useful in modern warfare.
no
(C) Use of chemical agents in warfare would be undesirable

(D) People in military establishment like to use agents in war
62. If 137 + 276 = 435 , how much is 731 + 672
(A) 534 (B) 1403

(C) 1623 (D) 1513
63. 5 skilled workers can build a wall in 20 days; 8 semi-killed worker can build a
wall in 25 days; 10 unskilled workers can build a wall in 30 days. If a team has
2 killed, 6 semi-killed and 5 unskilled workers, how long will it take to build
the wall
(A) 20 days (B) 18 days

(C) 16 days (D) 15 days
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ROUGH WORK
64. Given digits 2,2,3,3,4,4,4,, how many distinct 4 digit numbers greater than
3000 can be formed
(A) 50 (B) 51
(C) 52 (D) 54
65. Hari(H), Gita (G), Irfan (I) and Saira (S) are sibilings(i.e. brothers and
sisters). All were born on I st January. The age difference between any two
successive siblings(that is born one after another) is less than 3 years. Given
the following facts:
(i). Hari's age+Gita's age>Irfan's age +Saira's age
(ii). The age difference between Gita and Saira is 1 year. However, Gita is not
the oldest and Saira is not the youngest
.in
(iii). There are not twins.
In what order were they born (oldest first)
(A) HSIG
co (B) SGHI
(C) IGSH (D) IHSG
a.
di
no
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ROUGH WORK
SOLUTION
1. Eigen value of a Skew-symmetric matrix are either zero or in conjugate

pairs.
Hence (C) is correct option.
2. For a function x (t ) trigonometric fourier series is

¥
x (t ) = Ao + å [An cos nwt + Bn sin nwt ],
n =1
1
T0 ò T0
where, Ao = x (t )dt T0 ® fundamental period
2
An = ò x (t ) cos nwt dt
.in
T0 T0
2
T0 ò T0
Bn = x (t ) sin nwt dt
For an even function x (t ), Bn = 0 co

Since given function is even function so coefficient Bn = 0, only cosine and
constant terms are present in its fourier series representation
Constant term
3T / 4
1
T -ò
A0 = x (t ).dt
a.
T/4
é T/4 3T / 4 ù
ê A.dt +
1 ú
=ê òT ò - 2Adt ú
êë-T / 4 úû
di
T/4
é
1 TA T ù
= ê - 2A. ú
T êë 2 2 úû
A
no
=-
2
Constant term is negative
3. Given differential equation

d 2 n (x ) n (x )
- 2 =0
dx 2 L
Let, n (x ) = Ae lx
Ae lx
So, Al2e lx - 2 = 0
L
1 1
l - 2 = 0 Þ l= ±
2
L L
1
Boundary condition, n(¥) = 0 so take l = -
L
x
-
n (x ) = Ae L
n(0) = Ae 0 = K Þ A = K
19 PAGE
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ROUGH WORK
So n (x ) = Ke -( x / L )
Hence (D) is correct option.
4. Admittance parameter of given network can be obtain as following

I1 0.5 W I2
+ +
V1 0.5 W 0.5 W V2
_ _
By writing node equation

V V -V 2
I1 = 1 + 1
0.5 0.5
.in
I 1 = 4V1 - 2V 2 ...(1)
V V -V1
Similarly, I2 = 2 + 2
0.5 0.5
co I 2 = -2V1 + 4V 2 ...(2)
From (1) and (2), we have admittance matrix
é 4 -2ù
Y =ê úS
ê-2 4 ú
ë û
Hence (A) is correct option.
a.
5. For a parallel RLC circuit
di
IS
R L C
no
Zin
Input impedance
1
Zin =
1 1
+ + jw C
R jw L
1
At resonance = jw C
jw L
1
So, Zin = = R (maximum)
1/R
1 1
Bandwidth wB = , wB µ and is independent of L, so
RC R
statements A, B, C, are true.
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ROUGH WORK
6. At room temperature mobility of electrons for Si sample is given as
m n = 1350 cm 2 /V-s
For an n-channel MOSFET to create an inversion layer of electrons, a large
positive gate voltage is to be applied. Therefore, induced electric field
increases and mobility decreases.
So, Mobility m n < 1350 cm 2 /V-s for n-channel MOSFET
8. Since, emitter area of transistor Q1 is half of transistor Q2 , so current

1 1
I E = I E and I B = I B
1 2 2 1 2 2
In the circuit
.in
R=9.3 kW
Io
co
-10 V
a.
VB = -10 - (-0.7) = -9.3 V
Collector current
0 - (-9.3)
I1 = = 1 mA
di
(9.3kW)
b1 = 700(high), So I C » I E
1 1
Applying KCL at base

no
1 -I E = IB + IB
1 1 2
1 - (b1 + 1)I B = I B + I B
1 1 2
IB
1 = (700 + 1 + 1) 2
+ IB
2 2
2
IB »
2 702
I 0 = I C = b 2 .I B
2 2
2
= 715 ´
702
» 2 mA
Hence (B) is correct option.
21 PAGE
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ROUGH WORK
9. The equivalent circuit of given amplifier circuit (when C E is connected, RE
is short-circuited)
vs
+ vp
vs
~ vp
_
Input impedance
Ri = RB ||rp
Voltage gain AV = g m RC
Now, if C E is disconnected, resistance RE appears in the circuit
vo
.in
+ vp
~
vp
vs _
co
Input impedance
a.
Rin = RB ||[rp + (b + 1)]RE
Input impedance increases
Voltage gain
di
g m RC
AV =
1 + g m RE
Voltage gain decreases
no

Note :- Emitter degeneration increases input impedance and decreases
voltage gain of CE amplifier
10. By solving the circuit

R1 V
Vi Vo
R2 V
Vo
R3
V- -Vi V- -V 0
+ =0
R1 R2
V + = V- = 0 (ideal Op-amp)
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0 -Vi 0 -V 0 ROUGH WORK

So, + =0
R1 R2
V0 R2
Gain =-
Vi R1
11. Option (P) - Option (4)
X X
Y Y
Option (Q) - Option (2)
X X
.in
Y Y
Option (R) - Option (3)
X X co
Y Y
Option (S) - Option (1)
X X
a.
Y Y

di
12. In the circuit

F = (A Ä B ) Ä (A Ä B ) Ä C
no
For two variables A Å B = A Ä B

So, (A Å B ) Ä (A Ä B ) = 0 (always)
F = 0 ÄC =C
So, F = 1 when C = 1 or C = 0
Hence (A) (B) (C) is correct options.
13. Since G 2 is active low input, output of NAND gate must be 0

G 2 = A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 = 0
So, A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 = 00101
To select Y5 Decoder input
ABC = A8 A9 A10 = 101
Address range
A15 A14 A13 A12 A11A10 A9 A8 ....A0
0 01 011 01 ....Ao
123 123
2 D
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ROUGH WORK
(2D 00 - 2DFF )
14. We know that

aZ ± a ¬¾Inverse
¾¾ Z- transform
¾ ¾¾® ad[n ± a ]
Given that X (z ) = 5z 2 + 4z -1 + 3
Inverse Z-transform
x [n ] = 5d[n + 2] + 4d[n - 1] + 3d[n ]
15. Given impulse response

h1 [n ] = d[n - 1] or H 1 [Z ] = Z -1
h 2 [n ] = d[n - 2] or H 2 (Z ) = Z -2
.in
Response of cascaded system
H (Z ) = H 1 (Z ).H 2 (Z )
= Z -1 . Z -2 = Z -3
or,
co h[n ] = d[n - 3]
16. For an N-point FET algorithm a butterfly operates on one pair of samples
a.
and involves two complex addition and one complex multiplication
di
17. From the given block diagram

+ E(s)
no
R(s) Y(s)
–
–
H(s)
1
H (s ) = Y (s ) - E (s ).
s +1
E (s ) = R(s ) - H (s )
E (s )
= R(s ) -Y (s ) +
(s + 1)
é 1 ù
E (s )ê1 - ú = R(s ) -Y (s )
êë s + 1 úû
sE (s )
= R(s ) -Y (s ) ...(1)
(s + 1)
E (s )
Y (s ) = ...(2)
s +1
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ROUGH WORK
From (1) and (2)
sY (s ) = R(s ) -Y (s )
(s + 1)Y (s ) = R(s )
Transfer function
Y (s ) 1
=
R(s ) s + 1
18. Transfer function is given as

Y (s ) s
H (s ) = =
X (s ) s + P
jw
H (jw) =
jw + P
.in
Amplitude Response
w
|H (jw)| =
w +P2
2
Phase Response
æwö
q h (w) = 90°- tan -1 çç ÷÷÷
çèP ø
Input
æç pö÷
x (t ) = P cosç2t - ÷÷
çè 2ø
co
æ pö
Output y (t ) = H (jw)x (t - q h ) = cosçç2t - ÷÷÷
çè 3ø
a.
1 w
H (jw) = =
P w2 + P 2
di
1 2
= , (w = 2 rad/sec)
P 4+P2
4P 2 = 4 + P 2 Þ 3P 2 = 4
no
P =2/ 3
Alternative
é p æ pöù p
q h = ê- - çç- ÷÷÷ú =
êë 3 çè 2 øúû 6
p p æwö
So, = - tan -1 çç ÷÷÷
6 2 çèP ø
æ w ö p p p
tan -1 çç ÷÷÷ = - =
çèP ø 2 6 3
w æpö
= tançç ÷÷÷ = 3
P çè 3ø
2
= 3, (w = 2 rad/sec)
P
P =2/ 3
19. Initial slope is zero, so K = 1

At corner frequency w 1 = 0.5 rad/sec, slope increases by +20 dB/decade, so
25 PAGE
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ROUGH WORK
there is a zero in the transfer function at w 1
At corner frequency w 2 = 10 rad/sec, slope decreases by -20 dB/decade
and becomes zero, so there is a pole in transfer function at w 2
Transfer function
æç s ö÷
K çç1 + ÷÷÷
ççè w 1 ÷ø
H (s ) =
æç ÷ö
çç1 + s ÷÷
ççè w 2 ÷÷ø
æ s ö
1çç1 + ÷÷÷
çè 0.1 ø = (1 + 10s )
=
çæç1 + s ÷ö÷ (1 + 0.1s )
çè 10 ÷ø
.in
20. Conventional AM signal is given by
x (t ) = AC [1 + mm(t )]cos(2pfC t )
Where m < 1, for no over modulation.
co
In option (C)
1
x (t ) = AC [1 + m(t )]cos(2pfC t )
4
1
m = <1
a.
4
So this is a conventinal AM-signal without over-modulation
di
(6) 2
21. Power P= = 18 W
2
no
22. For a lossless network

2 2
S11 + S 21 = 1
For the given sattering matrix
S11 = 0.2Ð 0°, S12 = 0.9Ð90°
S 21 = 0.9Ð90°, S 22 = 0.1Ð90°
Here, (0.2) 2 + (0.9) 2 ¹ 1 (not lossless)
Reciprocity:
S12 = S 21= 0.9Ð90° (Reciprocal)
23. For distortion less transmission line characteristic impedance

R
Z0 =
G
Attenuation constant
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ROUGH WORK
a = RG
R
So, a=
Z0
0.1
= = 0.002
50
24. Impulse response of the matched filter is given by

h(t ) = S (T - t )
s(u) s(-t)
1 1
.in
t t
0 T -T 0
1
s(-t+T)=h(t)
co
t
0 T
a.
di
25. Intrinsic impedance of EM wave

m m0
h= =
e 4e 0
no
120p
= = 60p
2
Time average power density
1 1E2
Pav = EH =
2 2 h
1 1
= =
2 ´ 60p 120p
26. Given that 1

ey = x x
1
or, lne y = ln x x
1
y = ln x
x
dy 1 1 æ 1ö
= + ln x çç- 2 ÷÷÷
dx x x çè x ÷ø
27 PAGE
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GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK 1 ln
= 2
- 2
x x
To calculate maxima and minima
dy 1
= 2 (1 - ln x ) = 0
dx x
ln x = 1
x = e1
d y2
æ 2ö 1 æç 1 ö÷
= - 3 - ln x çç- 3 ÷÷÷ - 2
2
çè x ÷ø x çç ÷÷÷
dx 2
x èx ø
2 2 ln x 1
=- 2 + 3 - 3
x x x
d 2x -2 2 1
2
= 2 + 3 - 3 <0
dy at x =e 1 e e e
So, y has a maximum at x = e 1
.in
27. According to given condition head should come 3 times or 4 times

æ1 ö æ1ö æç1ö÷
4 3
P(Heads comes 3 times or 4 times)= 4 C 4 çç ÷÷÷ + 4 C 3 çç ÷÷÷ çç ÷÷÷
co 1 1 1
= 1. + 4. . =
5
çè2 ÷ø çè2÷ø è2ø
16 8 2 16
a.
®
Ù Ù
28. A = xy a x + x 2 a y
® Ù Ù
dl = dx a x + dy a y
di
® ®
Ù 2 Ù Ù Ù
òCA.dl = òC (xy a x + x 2 a y ).(dx a x + dy a y )
= ò (xydx + x dy )
C
no
2/ 3 1/ 3 3 1
4 1
= ò xdx + ò 3xdx + ò
3
dy + ò dy
3
1/ 3 2/ 3 1 3
1 é 4 1ù 3 é 1 4ù 4 1
= ê - ú + ê - ú + [3 - 1] + [1 - 3]
2 êë 3 3úû 2 êë 3 3úû 3 3
=1
Hence (C) is correct option
29. Given function

1 - 2Z
X (Z ) =
Z (Z - 1)(Z - 2)
Poles are located at Z = 0, Z = 1, Z = 2
At Z = 0 residues is
R0 = Z .X (Z ) Z = 0
1 -2´0
=
(0 - 1)(0 - 2)
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1 ROUGH WORK
=
2
at Z = 1, R1 = (Z - 1).X (Z ) Z =1
1 - 2 ´1
= =1
1(1 - 2)
At Z = 2, R2 = (Z - 2).X (Z ) Z = 2
1 - 2 ´2 3
= =-
2(2 - 1) 2
30. Using Euler's Method

Step size h = 0.1
y(0) = 0
.in
dy dy
x y = x+ y y i+1 = y i + h
dx dx
0 0 0
co y1 = 0 + 01
. (0) = 0
0.1 0 0.1 y 2 = 0 + 01
. (01
. ) = 001
.
y 3 = 001
. + 021
. ´ 01
.
a.
0.2 0.01 0.21 = 001
. + 0021
.
= 0031
.
di
0.3 0.031 - -
no
from table
at x = 0.3, y (x = 0.3) = 0.031
31. Given that

é 3s + 1 ù
f (t ) = L-1 ê 3 ú
êë s + 4s + (K - 3)s úû
2
lim f (t ) = 1
t®¥
By final value theorem
lim f (t ) = lim sF (s ) = 1
t®¥ s® 0
s .(3s + 1)
Þ lim =1
s® 0 s 3 + 4s 2 + (K - 3)s
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ROUGH WORK s (3s + 1)

Þ lim =1
s® 0 s [s + 4s + (K - 3)]
2
1
=1
K -3
Þ K =4
32. Let the current

i(t ) = A + Be -t / t t ® Time constant
When the switch S is open for a long time before t < 0, the circuit is
10 W
0.75 A
iL(0)=0.75 A
.in
1.5 A
10 W
10 W
at t = 0, inductor current does not change simultaneously, So the circuit is

co 10 W
A
i(0)
0.75 A
iL(0)
1.5 A 10 W 10 W
a.
di
Current in resistor (AB)

0.75
i(0) = = 0.375 A
2
no
Similarly for steady state
1.5 A 10 W 10 W 10 W
1.5
i(¥) = = 0.5 A
3
L
t=
Req
15 ´ 10-3
= = 10-3 sec
10 + (10||10)
t
-
i(t ) = A + Be 1´10-3
= A + Be -1000t
i(0) = A + B = 0.375
i(¥) = A = 0.5
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ROUGH WORK
So, B = 0.375 - 0.5
= -0.125
i(t ) = 0.375 - 0.125e -1000t A
33. Circuit can be redrawn as

Z1
~ Z2
Where, Z1 = jwL = j ´ 10 3 ´ 20 ´ 10-3 = 20j

Z 2 = R||X C
.in
1 1
XC = = = -20j
jw C j ´ 10 ´ 50 ´ 10-6
3
1(-20j )
Z2 = , R= 1W
1 - 20j co
Voltage across Z 2
20
VZ = .Z
2 Z1 + Z 2 2
æ -20j ÷ö
.ççç
20 ÷÷
=
20j ÷ö÷ çè1 - 20j ÷ø÷
a.
æç
çç20j - ÷
çè 1 - 20j ÷÷ø
æ ö÷
= ççç
20 ÷÷.(-20j ) = -j
di
çè20j + 400 - 20j ÷÷ø

Current in resistor R
VZ
I = 2
no
R
j
= - = -j A
1
31 PAGE
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ROUGH WORK
34. The circuit can be redrawn as
VA
2W
I1
1W
3A
10 V
1A
2A
2W
Applying nodal analysis

V A - 10 V -0
+1+ A =0
.in
2 2
2V A - 10 + 2 = 0 = V A = 4 Volt
10 - 4
Current I1 = =3A
2
I 2 = I1 - 3 = 0
co
Since current through voltage source is zero, therefore power delivered is
zero.
a.
35. Emitter injection efficiency is given as
1
g=
di
N
1+ B
NE
To achieve g = 1, N E >> N B
no
Hence (B) is correct option
36. Reverse bias breakdown or zener effect occurs in highly doped PN junction
through tunneling mechanism. In a highly doped PN junction, the
conduction and valence bands on opposite sides of the junction are
sufficiently close during reverse bias that electron may tunnel directly from
the valence band on the p-side into the conduction band on n-side
Breakdown voltage
1
VB a
N A ND
So, breakdown voltage decreases as concentration increases
Depletion capacitance
ì ü
1/ 2
ï ee s N A N D ï
C =í ï ï
ý
ï
ï 2(V + VR )(N A + N D )ï
ï
î bi þ
C aN A N D
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ROUGH WORK
Depletion capacitance increases as concentration increases
37. Let QA (n ), QB (n ), QC (n ) are present states and QA (n + 1), QB (n + 1),

QC (n + 1) are next states of flop-flops
In the circuit
QA (n + 1) = QB (n ) Ä QC (n )
QB (n + 1) = QA (n )
QC (n + 1) = QB (n )
Initially all flip-flops are reset
1st clock pulse
QA = 0 Ä 0 = 1
QB = 0
.in
QC = 0
2nd clock pulse
QA = 0 Ä 0 = 1
QB = 1 co
QC = 0
3rd clock pulse
QA = 1 Ä 0 = 0
QB = 1
a.
QC = 1
4th clock pulse
QA = 1 Ä 1 = 1
di
QB = 0
QC = 1
So, sequence QA = 011 01.....
no
Hence (D) is correct option
38. In the circuit

+20 V R
I D2
4R
VI D1
R Vo
20 V I 5 +V I
Current I = + =
4R R R
If I > 0, diode D 2 conducts
33 PAGE
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ROUGH WORK 5 +V I
So, for > 0 Þ V I > -5, D 2 conducts
2
Equivalent circuit is
+20 V R
4R
Vi
R Vo
Output is Vo = 0
If I < 0, diode D 2 will be off
5 +V I
.in
< 0 Þ V I < -5, D 2 is off
R
The circuit is
+20 V R
co 4R
Vi
R Vo
a.
0 -V1 0 - 20 0 -Vo
di
+ + =0
R 4R R
Vo = -V1 - 5
At, V1 = -5 V, V 0 = 0,
no
V1 = -10 V, Vo = 5 V
39. Output of the MUX can be written as

F = I 0 S 0 S1 + I 1 S 0 S1 + I 2 S 0 S 1 + I 3 S 0 S 1
Here, I 0 = C , I 1 = D, I 2 = C , I 3 = C D
and S 0 = A, S1 = B
So, F = CA B + DA B + C AB + C D AB
Writing all SOP terms
F =A
14 43+A
B2CD 14 43+A
B2CD 12 43+A
4BCD 14BC
243D
m3 m2 m7 m5
+AB
4 C4
12 3D + AB
142 D + ABC
C4
3 12
4 4D
3
F = å m(2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 12)
m9 m8 m 12
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ROUGH WORK
40. By executing instruction one by one
MVI A, 45 H Þ MOV 45 H into accumulator, A = 45 H
STC ÞSet carry flag, C = 1
CMC Þ Complement carry flag, C = 0
RAR Þ Rotate accumulator right through carry
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
0
Carry
A = 00100010
XRA B Þ XOR A and B
A=AÅB
.in
= 00100010 Å 01000101
= 01100111 = 674
41. System
2
is described as
d y (t ) dy (t ) dx (t )
co
2
+4 + 3y (t ) = 2 + 4x (t )
dt dt dt
Taking laplace transform on both sides of given equation
a.
s 2Y (s ) + 4sY (s ) + 3Y (s ) = 2sX (s ) + 4X (s )
(s 2 + 4s + 3)Y (s ) = 2(s + 2)X (s )s
Transfer function of the system
di
Y (s ) 2(s + 2)
H (s ) = =
X (s ) s 2 + 4s + 3
2(s + 2)
=
no
(s + 3)(s + 1)
Input x (t ) = e -2t u(t )
1
or, X (s ) =
(s + 2)
Output Y (s ) = H (s ).X (s )
2(s + 2) 1
Y (s ) = .
(s + 3)(s + 1) (s + 2)
By Partial fraction
1 1
Y (s ) = -
s +1 s + 3
Taking inverse laplace transform
y (t ) = (e -t - e -3t )u(t )
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ROUGH WORK
42. Given transfer function
3
2 - Z -1
H (z ) = 4
3 -1 1 -2
1- Z + Z
4 8
By partial fraction H (Z ) can be written as
1 1
H (Z ) = +
æç 1 -1 ö÷ æç 1 -1 ö÷
çç1 - Z ÷÷÷ çç1 - Z ÷÷÷
è 2 ø è 4 ø
S1 : ROC Z > 1 / 2
æ1 ö æ1 ö
n n
So, h[n ] = çç ÷÷÷ m[n ] + çç ÷÷÷ m[n ], n > 0
çè2 ÷ø çè4 ÷ø
ì
ï 1
í = a n u[n ], Z > a
ï
î 1 - aZ
-1
System is causal
.in
Since ROC of H (Z ) includes unit circle, so it is stable also
S1 is True
1
S 2 : ROCZ <
So,
co 4
æ1 ö
n
æ1 ö
n
h[n ] = -çç ÷÷÷ m[-n - 1 ] - çç ÷÷÷ m[-n - 1 ], n < 0
çè2 ÷ø çè4 ÷ø
ì
ï 1
íQ = -a n u[-n - 1], Z < a
ï - -1
a.
î 1 aZ
System is not causal
ROC of H (Z ) does not include unity circle, so it is not stable
di
S 2 is false
1 1
S 3 : ROC <Z <
4 2
no
æ1 ö æ1 ö
n n
h[n ] = -çç ÷÷÷ u[-n - 1] + çç ÷÷÷ u[n ], Z > , Z <
1 1
çè2 ÷ø çè4 ÷ø 4 2
System is not causal
ROC of H (Z ) does not include unity circle, so it is not stable
S 3 is True
43. S (t ) = sin c(500t ) sin c(700t )

S (f ) is convolution of two signals whose spectrum covers f1 = 250 Hz and
f 2 = 350 Hz. So convolution extends
f = 250 + 350 = 600 Hz
Nyquist sampling rate
N = 2f= 2 ´ 600
= 1200 Hz
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GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK
44. Steady state error is given as
sR(s )
eSS = lim
s® 0 1 + G (s )GC (s )
1
R(s ) = (unit step input)
s
1
eSS = lim
s ® 0 1 + G (s )G (s )
C
1
= lim
s® 0 G (s )
1+ 2 C
s + 2s + 2
eSS will be minimum if lim GC (s ) is maximum
s® 0
In option (D)
2
lim GC (s ) = lim 1 + + 3s = ¥
s® 0 s® 0 s
.in
1
So, eSS = l im = 0 (minimum)
s® 0 ¥
45. For the given system, output is written as

y (t ) =
d
[x (t ) + x (t - 0.5)]
co
dt
dx (t ) dx (t - 0.5)
y (t ) = + dt
dt
a.
Taking laplace on both sides of above equation
Y (s ) = sX (s ) + se -0. 5s X (s )
di
Y (s )
H (s ) = = s (1 + e -0. 5s )
X (s )
H (f ) = jf (1 + e -0. 5´2 pf )
= jf (1 + e - pf )
no
Power spectral density of output

2
SY (f ) = H (f ) S X (f )
= f 2 (1 + e - pf ) 2 S X (f )
For SY (f ) = 0
1 + e - pf = 0
e - pf = -1
f = (2n + 1)f 0
f 0 = 1 KHz
Hence (D) is correct option
46. In the given problem

y>0
37 PAGE
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK
m0 m m0
h1 = = 120p h2 = =
e0 e 9e 0
lossless medium
120
= = 40p
3
Reflection coefficient
h 2 - h1
t=
h 2 + h1
400p - 120p 1
= =-
40p + 120p 2
.in
t is negative So magnetic field component does not change its direction
Direction of incident magnetic field
Ù Ù Ù
a E á H = a K
Ù Ù Ù
co aZ ´ a H = ay
Ù Ù
a H = a x (+x direction)
So, reflected magnetic field component
t ´ 24 Ù
Hr = cos(3´ 10 8 + by ) a x , y ³ 0
h
a.
1 ´ 24 Ù
= cos(3´ 10 8 + by ) a x , y ³ 0
2 ´ 120p
w 3´ 10 8
b= = =1
di
vC 3´ 10 8
1 Ù
So, Hr = cos(3´ 10 8 + y ) a x , y ³ 0
10p
no
Hence (A) is correct option
47. For length of l / 4 transmission line

é Z + jZo tan bl ù
Zin = Zo ê L ú
ê Z + jZ tan bl ú
ë o L û
2p l
Z L = 30W, Zo = 30W, b = , l =
l 4
æç2p lö÷
So, tan bl = tanç . ÷÷ = ¥
çè l 4 ÷ø
é ZL ù
ê + jZo ú
ê tan bl ú
Zin = Zo ê ú
ê Zo ú
ê + jZ L ú
ëê tan bl ûú
Z 02
= = 60W
ZL
For length of l / 8 transmission line
PAGE 38
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
é Z + jZo tan bl ù ROUGH WORK

Zin = Zo ê L ú
ê Z + jZ tan bl ú
ë o L û
Zo = 30 W, Z L = 0 (short)
æ2p lö
tan bl = tançç . ÷÷÷ = 1
çè l 8 ÷ø
Zin = jZo tan bl = 30j
Circuit is
30 jW
60 W
60+30j
.in
Z L - Zo
Reflection coffiecient t =
Z L + Zo
60 + 3j - 60 1
= =
60 + 3j + 60 17 co
1+ t
VSWR =
1- t
1 + 17
= = 1.64
1 - 17
a.
48. By small signal equivalent circuit analysis

di
C2
RS B C
Vo
+
~ iS gmVp
vS Rin rp
no
Vp
RB RC RL
–
E
Input resistance seen by source vS

v
Rin = S = RS + RB ||rp
iS
= (1000 W) + (93 kW||259 W) = 1258W
49. Cut-off frequency due to C 2

1
fo =
2p(RC + RL )C 2
1
fo = = 271 Hz
. ´ 1250 ´ 4.7 ´ 10-6
2 ´ 314
Lower cut-off frequency
39 PAGE
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK fo
fL »
10
271
= = 27.1 Hz
10
50. assign output of each integrator by a state variable

1
2 1/s x2 1/s x1 0.5

U(s) 1 Y(s)
-1
-1
·
x 1 = -x 1 + x 2
·
x 2 = -x 1 + 2u
.in
y = 0.5x 1 + 0.5x 2
State variable representation
·
é-1 1ù é 0ù
x =ê úx + ê úu
ê-1 0ú ê2ú
co ë
y = [0.5 0.5]x
û ë û

a.
51. By masson's gain formula
1
di
a 2 b 1/s c 1/s d 0.5 Y(s)

U(s) 1 e f
-1
-1
no
Transfer function
H (s ) =
Y (s )
=
åP K
DK
U (s ) D
Forward path given
1 1 1
P1 (abcdef ) = 2 ´ ´ ´ 0.5 = 2
s s s
1
P2 (abcef ) = 2 ´ ´ 1 ´ 0.5
3
Loop gain
1
L1 (cdc) = - ,
s
1 1 -1
L2 (bcdb) = ´ ´-1 = 2
s s s
D = 1 - [L1 + L2 ]
é 1 1ù 1 1
= 1 - ê- - 2 ú = 1 + + 2
ëê s s úû s s
D1 = 1, D 2 = 2
PAGE 40
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
Y (s ) ROUGH WORK
So, H (s ) =
U (s )
P1D1 + P2 D 2
=
D
1 1
.1 + .1
= s 2
s = (1 + s )
1+ + 2
1 1 (s 2 + s + 1)
s s
52. Sample is in thermal equilibrium so, electric field

1
E= = 10 kV/cm
1mm
.in
53. Electron drift current density
J d = N D m n eE
= 1016 ´ 1350 ´ 1.6 ´ 10-19 ´ 10 ´ 1013
= 2.16 ´ 10 4 A/cm 2
co
a.
54. Let response of LPF filters
ì
ï 1 , f < 1 MHz
H (f ) = ï
í
ï
ï 0 , elsewhere
î
di
Noise variance(power) is given as

P = s2
fo
2
no
= ò H (f ) N o df =
2
(given)
0
a2
1´10 6
2
ò 2 ´ 10
-20
df =
0
a2
2
2 ´ 10-20 ´ 10 6 = 2
a
a 2 = 1014
a = 10 7
Hence (B) is correct option
55. Probability of error is given by

1
Pe = [ P (0 / 1) + P (1 / 0)]
2
a/2
ò 0.5e
- a n -a
P(0 / 1) = dn = 0.5e -10 ,
-¥
41 PAGE
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SOLVED PAPER
GATE ECE 2010
ROUGH WORK a = 2 ´ 10-6 V

where
a = 10 7 V -1
¥
ò 0.5e
-a n
P(1 / 0) = dn
a/2
= 0.5e -10
Pe = 0.5e -10
.in
co
a.
di
no
PAGE 42

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1. The eigen values of a skew-symmetric matrix are

(A) always zero

6. At room temperature, a possible value for the mobility of electrons in the

(A) 450 cm 2 /V-s (B) 1350 cm 2 /V-s

7. Thin gate oxide in a CMOS process in preferably grown using

(A) wet oxidation

The value of current I 0 is approximately

(A) 0.5 mA (B) 2 mA

(A) The input resistance Ri increases and magnitude of voltage gain AV

(A) 5d[n + 2] + 3d[n ] + 4d[n - 1] (B) 5d[n - 2] + 3d[n ] + 4d[n + 1]

h 2 [n ] = d[n - 2] are connected in cascade. The overall impulse response of the

(A) d[n - 1] + d[n - 2] (B) d[n - 4]

17. The transfer function Y (s ) / R(s ) of the system shown is

(A) x (t ) = Ac m(t ) cos(2pfc t )

22. If the scattering matrix [S ] of a two port network is

(A) lossless and reciprocal (B) lossless but not reciprocal

Q. No. 26-51 carry two marks each.

26. If e = x , then y has a

(A) 0.01 (B) 0.031

33. The current I in the circuit shown is

(A) -j1 A (B) j1 A

following statements is TRUE for a p-n junction with N A = N D = 10 20 / cm 3

(A) Reverse breakdown voltage is lower and depletion capacitance is lower

(C) Reverse breakdown voltage is lower and depletion capacitance is higher

(A) 0010111... (B) 0001011...

39. The Boolean function realized by the logic circuit shown is

(A) F = å m(0, 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 14)

(A) 00H (B) 45H

41. A2 continuous time LTI system is described by

43. The Nyquist sampling rate for the signal

(A) 400 Hz (B) 600 Hz

(A) SY (f ) > 0 for all f

(D) SY (f ) = 0 for f = (2n + 1)f 0 = 1 kHz, n any integer

normally on a lossless medium with m = m 0 and e = 9e 0 which occupies the

(A) 1.00 (B) 1.64

Common Data Questions: 48 & 49 :

b = 100, g m = 0.3861 A/V, ro = 259W, RS = 1 kW, RB = 93 kW, RC = 250 kW,

48. The resistance seen by the source vS is

49. The lower cut-off frequency due to C 2 is

(A) 33.9 Hz (B) 27.1 Hz

Common Data Question : 50& 51 :

The signal flow graph of a system is shown below:

2 1/s 1/s 0.5

50. The state variable representation of the system can be

é 1 1ù é 0ù é-1 1ù é 0ù ROUGH WORK

51. The transfer function of the system is

Linked Answer Questions: Q. 52 to Q.55

52. The magnitude of the electric field at x = 0.5 mm is

(A) 1 kV/cm (B) 5 kV/cm

(A) 2.16 ´ 10 4 A/cm 2 (B) 1.08 ´ 10 4 A/cm 2

Statement for linked Answer Question : 54&55 :

55. The probability of bit error is

(A) Cyclic (B) Indirect

(A) fallow: land (B) unaware: sleeper

(A) uphold (B) restrain

(A) masked (B) belied

Q. No. 61-65 Carry Two Marks Each

(A) Modern warfare has resulted in civil strife.

(C) Use of chemical agents in warfare would be undesirable

62. If 137 + 276 = 435 , how much is 731 + 672

(A) 534 (B) 1403

(A) 20 days (B) 18 days