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Additional Resources:
An annotated bibliography is provided with age-
appropriate children’s books such as the Cinderella
variants, as well as other shoe stories from around the
world.
Celebration Shoes
Level: Grade 2
Duration: 30 min. introduction; 60 min. presenting; [30 min. charting] = 90-120 min
Goals:
• locate simple information about family history and traditions from interviews
• share family traditions with the rest of the class
• locate various countries on a world map
Description:
Begin: Draw a large outline of a shoe on a blackboard or flipchart. Start brainstorming and
record anything the students can think of related to shoes. Guide students to think about
fashion, colour, materials, shoes in stories and, in particular, special occasion shoes. You
might also like to read one of the Cinderella variants to get students thinking about shoes
and weddings, in addition to other shoe-related stories from around the world (click here for
Bibliography).
Learn: Ask the students to list some special occasions (weddings, birthday parties, graduations,
etc.). Have they have ever been to events like these? Can they describe any special clothing
they wore to the event? Did any of them wear special shoes? Did the other guests? Can the
students describe any special clothes or shoes that other people wore at the event?
Review the questions on Worksheet 1: Celebrations Interview, and ask students to conduct
the interview with an adult in their family who has had a wedding. Students will then share the
results of their interview with the class. If the students’ families are from a variety of cultures,
it may be appropriate to create a chart reflecting the number of families from each country of
origin. Locate each country on the world map with the class.
Apply: Revisit the brainstorming list with the students. Can the students relate words on the list
to any of the celebrations described in the students’ Celebrations Interview presentations?
Activity 1, Celebration Shoes – Worksheet l
Celebrations Interview
Dear Parent/Guardian or other adult family member,
Your child is currently studying the traditions and celebrations of a variety of cultures,
focusing on costume, and in particular, shoes. Please help your child to complete this
interview. The answers will be shared with the rest of the class. Thank you.
Your child will be sharing the results of this interview with his or her class. Thank you for
participating.
Activities & Projects
Shoe Museum
Level: Grade 2
Duration: 20 min. introduction; 60 min. writing and displaying; 60 min. touring = 140 min
Goals:
• create simple media works
• locate various countries on a world map
• communicate ideas for a specific purpose
Description:
Begin: Ask students to bring a shoe from home to display in a classroom shoe museum.
Encourage them to bring shoes that are (or were) worn for a celebration, that reflect a tradition,
or that tell a story. For example, they could bring their mother’s wedding shoe, their own baby
shoe, or footwear another country.
Alternatively, ask students to decorate or create their own fancy “celebration shoe” using found
materials, and an old shoe of their own.
Help each student to identify 3 or 4 key words for their shoe. They can then write a label for the
shoe. If the shoes are from another country, ask the student to locate it on the world map.
Help the students to display their shoes and labels in the chosen space. Depending on what the
students bring in, you may wish to organize them thematically – wedding shoes, baby shoes
etc.
Apply: Students can then create an invitation to view the ‘museum’ for a student in another
class, or a family member. Each student can be a ‘tour guide’ for their shoe, using the key
words.
Activity 2, Shoe Museum – Permission Letter
Dear Parent/Guardian:
Your child is participating in a class project to create a shoe museum, as part of the
Grade 2 Social Studies Curriculum. The students are learning about traditions and
celebrations around the world. Your child has been asked to bring a shoe from home
that was/is worn for a celebration, that reflects a tradition, or that tells a story. For
example, they could bring their mother’s wedding shoe, their own baby shoe, or footwear
from another country.
I would be grateful if you could help your child select a shoe, and ensure its safe transit
to the school. Your child needs to bring the shoe by ____________________________.
Sincerely,
Activity 2, Shoe Museum – Worksheet 2
___________________________ ___________________________
Key words:
___________________________ ___________________________
___________________________ ___________________________
Description:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Activities & Projects
Preparation: print bride and groom shoe images, Flags and Shoes Resource,
Worksheets 3-5 and Answers
Duration: 75 min
Goals:
• locate various countries on a world map
• identify similarities and differences of wedding footwear around the world
• learn new vocabulary
Description:
Begin: Print and post (or project) images of bride and groom shoes from the main culture
areas represented in the exhibition: Queen Victoria’s flats and man’s pumps (England); paduka
and khussa (India); woman’s and man’s accordion pleated boots (Moravia, Czech Republic);
woman’s and man’s opintsi (Macedonia); woman’s and man’s zori (Japan); woon-hye and
moh-hwa (Korea); and embroidered boots and babouche (Morocco). (Alternatively, students can
access these images themselves with simplified labels by clicking here to scroll through these
pages.) Place the name of each shoe and its country of origin under the images.
Learn: Guide the students to locate the various countries on a world map. Pin an image of the
country’s flag, and/or the shoe, on the appropriate country.
Hand out Worksheet 3: Investigating Wedding Shoes. Together as a class, answer the
questions for each shoe. Ask the student to fill in the chart as you go along.
After the class has answered the questions for each shoe, as a follow-up discuss their
differences and similarities. For example, the paduka and zori are sandals, brides in Moravia
and Morocco wear boots, the flats and the woon-hye are made of silk. In general, brides are
dressed in new clothes that are the best her family can buy. Discuss ways that the bride’s shoes
reflect this fact. For example, the Indian paduka are made of silver, and the Moroccan boots are
heavily embroidered. In general, with the exception of the Indian khussa, the groom’s shoes are
less fancy.
How do the bride and groom’s shoes compare with the shoes the students made or brought
from home in the “Shoe Museum”?
Apply: Students have learned to locate several countries on the world map, and they have
encountered new vocabulary in the shoe names. Worksheet 3: Where in the World? will
reinforce the location of the countries in the world. Worksheet 4: Pair the Shoes will reinforce
the names of the countries and the shoes.
Activity 3, Bride and Groom’s Shoes
England – Bride
England – Groom
Korea – Bride
Leather opintsi
Macedonia, 20th century
Collection of James and Dena Nicoloff
Macedonia - Groom
Morocco – Bride
Japan - Bride
Japan - Groom
Gujarat, India
BSM P79.568
India – Groom
England
Korea (South)
Czech Republic
Macedonia
Morocco
Japan
India
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes around the World, Worksheet 3
Where in
the world?
Name of
the bride’s
shoe?
Name of
the
groom’s
shoe?
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes around the World, Worksheet 3 – Answer Sheet
Where in
England India Moravia Macedonia Japan Korea Morocco
the world?
Name of
the bride’s Flat Paduka Boot Opintsi Zori Woon-hye Boot
shoe?
Name of
the
Pump Khussa Boot Opintsi Zori Moh-hwa Babouche
groom’s
shoe?
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes around the World, Worksheet 4 Student Name: ______________________________________
woon-hye
England
paduka
Korea
opintsi
Japan
boots
India
zori
Macedonia
boots
Morocco
shoes
Page 1
Pair the Shoes – Bride
woon-hye
paduka
opintsi
boots
zori
boots
shoes
Page 2
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes Around the World – Worksheet 5
khussa
England
zori
Korea
opintsi
Japan
babouche
India
mok-hwa
Macedonia
pumps
Morocco
boots
Page 1
Pair the Shoes – Groom
khussa
zori
opintsi
babouche
mok-hwa
pumps
boots
Page 2
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes Around the World – Worksheet 5 – Answer Sheet
boots
England
shoes
Korea
woon-hye
Japan
zori
India
paduka
Macedonia
opintsi
Morocco
boots
Activity 3, Wedding Shoes Around the World – Worksheet 5 – Answer Sheet
boots
England
pumps
Korea
mok-hwa
Japan
zori
India
khussa
Macedonia
opintsi
Morocco
babouche
Activities & Projects
Wedding Customs
Level: Grade 2
Goals:
• locate various countries on a world map
• identify similarities and differences of wedding customs around the world
• learn new vocabulary
Description:
Begin: Introduce the word ‘custom’, as ‘an accepted or habitual practice, a practice common
to many’. In addition, confirm the students’ knowledge of the following words: togetherness,
engaged, engagement, fiancé, bridal, marriage, married, dye.
Break the students into seven groups. Distribute Worksheets 6 – 12, or help the students
access them on-line by leading them to the Wedding Customs worksheets page. Assign a
different Wedding Customs worksheet to each group.
Learn: Ask each group to identify the country where the custom is/was practiced, and to locate
it on the world map. The group then reads the custom, and discusses it so they understand it
well enough to present to the class. In addition, each student in the group should come up with
one or two words that describe something about the artifact, shoe or custom. The word could
relate to the colour (i.e. gold), the shape (i.e. curly toe), the aesthetics (i.e. pretty), or other
criteria of the student’s choosing.
Apply: Each group will then present their custom to the class. Discuss the similarities and
differences of the customs. Most are very different, although the customs in Japan, India and
Macedonia all involve gifts - for or from the bride.
Supplementary activity: If students have access to a computer and wish to explore more
wedding customs and footwear from other countries, ask them to click here to scroll through
these pages which have simplified labels, and the artefact images from the “Small Stories”
section on the main site.
Confirm the students’ knowledge of the following words: fiancé, sole, heels, clog, tradition,
traditionally. Ask students to find the shoes from The Netherlands, Turkey, Sweden,
France, Malaysia, Morocco, the Saami people (Northern Scandinavia) and the Zuni people
(Southwestern US). Students can also find these places on a world map.
Ask the students to report on a custom they have learned about from each country. As a follow-
up, discuss their differences and similarities. For example, the shoes are made from a variety of
different materials. Men from The Netherlands, France, and the Zuni culture all made shoes for
their brides. Many, but not all, of the shoes feature intricate decoration.
Activity 4, Small Stories
Small Stories
The Netherlands
Carved clogs
Marken, Netherlands, late 19th century
BSM P86.251
Turkey
Sweden
Malaysia
Beaded mules
Malacca Straits, Malaysia
BSM P79.93
Morocco
Zuni
In Canada, many brides get married in a white dress. This custom began more than 150
years ago when Queen Victoria of Great Britain wore a white wedding dress. She was a
popular queen, and lots of women wanted to be like her. So they chose white for their
wedding dresses too, and a new custom was started.
In Korea, a young girl’s parents asked a man who had a happy marriage to carve two
ducks for their daughter. The ducks were symbols of togetherness and love, which the
parents wanted for their daughter when she married.
In Moravia, it was a popular custom for young women who were not married to take off
one of their shoes on Christmas Eve, and toss it over their shoulder at the front door of
their home. If the toe of the shoe landed facing the door, the girl would be married before
the next Christmas.
In Macedonia, when a girl got engaged she knit socks for everyone in her fiancé’s family.
The socks were delivered to the groom’s house, and displayed on the wall so everyone
could admire her knack for knitting.
In Morocco, the Berber people believed that when the wedding was over, the bride could
not touch her feet on the ground or she would have bad luck. She was taken to her new
home on a donkey, and the groom carried her into the house so her bridal boots never
touched the earth.
In Japan, when a woman got engaged, she received many gifts. These gifts could
include zori with two soles, which stood for joining the woman and man in marriage.
In India, the first gift the groom gives to his bride is the red dye, or mehndi, that she will
use to decorate her hands and feet for the wedding. He often also gives her gifts of
jewellery such as toe rings and ankle bracelets.
Buckle – A popular closing device on Western footwear of the 16th and 17th centuries which
joined the two side latchets of the shoe, and later served a purely decorative function.
Clog – A type of shoe or sandal with a rigid, often wooden, sole, widely worn by outdoor workers
as protective clothing in factories, mines and farms.
Henna (hĕn’ă) – A reddish-orange dyestuff prepared from the dried and ground leaves of this
plant, used as a cosmetic dye and for coloring leather and fabrics.
Khussa (koo’să) – A shoe from the Indian sub-continent with elaborate gold embroidery and a
pointed, upturned toe.
Mehndi (mĕn’dē) – The art or practice of painting elaborate patterns on the skin with henna.
Opintsi (ō’pĭnt’sĭ) – One-piece leather shoe from Macedonia with multiple straps over the instep.
Pumps – A low-cut shoe that surrounds the foot, without fastenings. May have heel of any
height.
Paduka (bă’dū’kă) – Toe-knob sandals that are one of the oldest forms of footwear in India.
Tabi (tă’bē) – A Japanese sock with bifurcated toe to accommodate the thong of a zori or other
thronged sandal.
Woon-hye (wōōn-hī) – Upper class woman’s silk covered shoes from Korea with a distinctive
canoe-like shape.
Zori (zōr’ē) – A flat Japanese sandal with thongs, usually made of rice straw or leather.
Bibliography
The Bata Shoe Museum